How to parse. ...

GRAlIMMA TICAL TERMS.

xix

Apostrophe [Gr. apo,
"from;" strophe, "turning "]. A mark shewing
that a letter has fallen out of
(?been turned away froml)
a word.
Appellative [L. appella,
"call to']. Another name
for the Vocative or calling
use of a noun. Paragraph
32.
Apposition [L. ad, "near;"
posit, "placed"]. Theplacing of one noun or pronoun near another, for the
purpose of explanation
(137).
Archaism [Gr. archaios,
"ancient "]. An ancient
word or expression.
Article [L. articulus, " a
little joint or liimb"]. A
name (a) correctly given by
the Greeks to their " article"
because it served as a joint
uniting several words together: (b) then loosely used
by the Latins (as was natural
seeing they had no "article")
of any short word whether
Verb, Conjunction, or Pronoun; (c) foolishly introduced into English, and
once used to denote "the"
and "a."
Aspirate [L. ad, ".to;"
spira-, "breathe"]. The
strongly breathed letter, h.
Asyndeton [Gr. a, "not;"
syndeton, " bound together "]. The omission of
Conjunctions, so that sen

tences are not bound together.
Attribute. A quality attributed to a person or thing.
Auxiliary (Verbs) [L. auxilia-, "to help"]. Verbs
that are used as helpers or
companions to other Verbs
(95).
Bathos[Gr. bathos, "depth"].
A ludicrous fall to a
depth, i.e. a descent from
the elevated to the mean in
writing or speech.2
Cardinal (Numbers) [L.
cardin-, "hinge.'"]. That
on which any thing hinges
or turns: hence, "important," "principal." A
name given to those more
important Forms of Numeral
Adjectives from which the
Ordinal forms are derived.
Case [L. Casus, "falling"].
The Latin translation of the
Greek term for the uses of
a Noun. The Greeks regarded the subjective form
as "erect" and the other
forms as more or less fJlling away from it. Hence
the terms "oblique," "decline " &c.
Clause [L. claus-, "shut"].
A number of words shut up
within limits. In this book
the word is used of a sentence preceded by a Conjunction, the sentence and
Conjunction together being
Called a Clause (239).
Climax [Gr. climax, " lad

1 In Rhetoric, the apostrophe was the turning away from one's
audience to address some absent person. Possibly therefore the
apostrophe may have been so called because it was intended to turn
one's attentionfrom the present word to the absent letter.
2 See Par. 40, How to Write Clearly.