Expenditures of the Russo-Japanese war / by Gotaro Ogawa.

INTRODUCTION

3I

ways south of Changchun (Kuan-cheng-tzu) and all collateral
coal mining privileges. She obtained from China a fresh
concession for working the Antung-Mukden line. Japan and
Russia, under certain restrictions, withdrew their military
forces from Manchuria and restored the territory to China's
sovereign rights. In this manner, the spheres of Japanese
and Russian interests were marked out in Manchuria; that is
to say, Japan acquired fresh interests in south Manchuria and
Russia retained her former interests in north Manchuria.
And besides these interests in Manchuria and Korea, Japan
acquired by her victory in the war the southern half of Karafuto and the fishery rights for her subjects along the Russian
coasts between the Sea of Japan and Bering Strait. The
circumstances of the time did not allow Japan to obtain any
other rights or indemnity.
Needless to say, the relations between Japan and Korea
underwent a marked change in consequence of the war with
Russia. At the beginning of the war, after Japan had forced
the Russian Minister in Seoul to leave Korea, the initial steps
for the establishment of Japan's protectorate over Korea were
taken with the protocol signed February 23. Japan's right
of protection was extended by the Japanese-Korean Agreement, August 22, by which Korea was compelled to engage
financial and diplomatic advisers from Japan and required to
consult with her previously in regard to important diplomatic
matters. When her special position in Korea came to be recognized by Great Britain and Russia, Japan concluded with Korea, November 17, I905, a new agreement consisting of five
articles which provided: (I) that the diplomatic rights of that
country be transferred to Japan; (2) that the Japanese minister
to Korea be substituted by a Resident General representing in
Seoul the Imperial Government of Japan, and that subordinate
residents be substituted for consuls at the open ports and other
important places, to discharge official duties under the Resident General. It was this agreement that supplemented
and completed the protocol and the agreement previously
signed, and consolidated and defined Japan's position in