Expenditures of the Russo-Japanese war / by Gotaro Ogawa.

EFFECTS ON COMMUNICATIONS

231

these, the Formosa-South China line, the Yangtze line, and a
part of the North China-Korea line were maintained without
break by the Osaka Shosen Kaisha, and the Yangtze line by
the Nippon Yusen Kaisha, while all other lines were suspended
for a shorter or longer period.
IMPORTANT LINES SUSPENDED
Steamers operated
Steamship lines
Number Tonnage
European.................. 12 73,000
American................... 4 25,000
Australian................. 4 I8,ooo
Bombay.^ r^' ************ 3 10,000 * Nippon Yusen Kaisha
Bombay.................... 3 oooo Nippon Yusen Kaisha0,000
Korea-North China.......... 2 5,000
North China................ 3 5,600
Vladivostok................ 2 5,600
Shanghai.......... 3 8,500
American and Manila........ 7 34,000 Toyo Kisen Kaisha

It was between the beginning of February and the first
part of March in 1904 that those lines were most exposed to
danger, so much so that not only the European, American,
Indian, and Australian lines, but also the Korean and Chinese
lines, almost suspended service. In the middle of March,
however, the Korean and Chinese lines were reopened; early
in April, the Hongkong-San Francisco line was resumed by
the Toyo Kisen Kaisha steamer America Maru, followed by
the Nippon Yusen Kaisha steamer Kanagawa Maru early in
June; and in July, the Australian line was reopened by the
Nippon Yusen Kaisha steamer Yawata Maru. Previously to
this, the Nippon Yusen Kaisha chartered British steamships
and reopened the European line with them in May. At
first the service was monthly, but it was extended with an
increased number of chartered boats. Throughout all lines,
however, the service was greatly handicapped owing to the
embarrassing shortage of vessels and the frequent danger
from hostile warships. It is true that the decrease in our
vessels on the foreign lines led to the temporary activity of