Correct contract bridge / by E.V. Shepard ; including the official Laws of contract bridge adopted by the Whist Club, New York, and by all the leading clubs in America.

"1o CORRECT CONTRACT BRIDGE
J X X has only a value of Y4 trump trick, because
its shortage of one needed guard reduces the normal
value of Yz trick by Y4 trick. The Io X X X has a
value of M4 trick but the 10 X X possesses no appreciable value beyond that of three lesser trumps.
No trouble will be experienced in valuing any
honor combination if you will first calculate the
value that the combination possesses as part of a
side suit; to this add the value of 4 trumps or 5
trumps, if held; or if fewer than three trumps are
held you deduct 2 trick for a shortage of one trump
in case just two honors are held. For example: the
K Io X X are worth Ij4 tricks; the K Io X are
worth only I 4 tricks; the K io have a value of just
y4 trick.