Babyloniaca, études de philologie assyro-babylonienne.

101

ST. LANGDON

as a Greek or an Indian would have pronounced all these syllables,
ie. with 9jh or Latin Ih in veh~i. Now the ancient sign for a vowvel
followed by gA ( s given by TIIUREAU-I)ANGIN, REC 210 and
the Semitic invention for expressing a hiatus as well as all the above
sounds' 7, h~ REC.209. Clearly -then the langfuag~e from which
the Semites took a cue to invent4 — could not have had
these latter sounds.
Indo-Germanic languages in trying to express ht often resort
to a transcription with k'I; very likely this explains ku and ha in BR.
I1 8 1g. That is the Sumerians pronounced the word for IIfish " with
a gAh which the Semi-Les turned into both kh and h. Other certain
indications of the Judo-Germanic character of the phonetic systemi of
the Sumerians I am at present unable to find. The sound s represented
at least certainly by ~si is found but once in classical in Sumerian. In
case of some loan-words like [har ~jutlu JYR 2,1* a 18, H1W 289,
[harru " plan " LEANDER no 60, whose Sumerian origin are unquestioned, it is probable that a strong gh was heard.
The following list of loau-words aims to complete the list of
LEANDER2; especial care has been taken to include all words occurring in the classical texts uot given iu my Verzeichniss to volume
one of the Vorderasiatische Bibliothek.
abaru breast, strength. Sumerian ubar, see amas'u and H1W,
9 -b. Original idea " wide place ", hence used for the underworld.
abarn may is a noun formation from -bar, dwelling (BR. 6875i), cf.
a-bar (BRt. 115i70) and ina abari tum-ah has IV R 29* a 10.
adabu a measuring vessel, a-da-pui, a-da-pa(d) BRt. I11556-8; acc.
to BE XX no 30 col. II an-adabu -an amnmat cubed; acc. to col.
II an adaba u 33 ka 3 1/3 qar.- But in CT XVII 48e a-da-pad
must have la different sense; here a syn. of abkallu,7 advisor.
adru, udrui dromedary; so 11W 30; also uduru; 'Sum. al-dair
adriz (immrnru) CT XVII 9, 25i.
1. Or 7, cf. the reverse process in Syriac ~~ for Xscp, ie. Semitic kt-yand %.
For direct proof of Semitic kt = Sumerian gh, see loan-word kusarifthu.
2. Lieher die surnerisehen Lehnwgrter ira assyrisehen, Uppsala 1903.