A monograph on the genus Galerina Earle / by Alexander H. Smith and Rolf Singer.

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The Genus Galerina Earle

in profile, ovate in face view, dark tawny to russet in KOH, with a minute
apical callus. Basidia narrowly clavate, 4-spored (rarely 1-2-3-spored intermixed), 26-32 X 9-10.5 /, hyaline in KOH. Pleurocystidia none. Cheilocystidia abundant, ventricose at base, with a narrow neck and capitate apex,
many subcylindric-capitate, hyaline to ochraceous revived in KOH, 36-60
X 8-12 X 3-4 /t, pedicel often with secondary septations. Gill trama parallel
to subparallel, subhymenium not distinct; pileus trama homogeneous, the
cuticle of hyphae 5-8 yi in diam., hyaline, somewhat interwoven; tramal
body of broader hyphae and transition to cuticle gradual, the broader
hyphae pale yellow in KOH but no appreciable incrusting pigment seen;
some scattered pilocystidia seen on some pilei, these similar to cheilocystidia
or with more thickened walls, hyaline. Caulocystidia numerous near apex of
stipe and mixed with free hyphal fibrils, similar to the cheilocystidia or
longer. All hyphae with clamp connections.
HABIT, HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION: Common in sphagnum bogs of
northern and mountainous regions of the United States, Canada, Central,
Eastern and Northern Europe, and Japan, fruiting from May until Nov.
in considerable abundance.
OBSERVATIONS: This is one of the common species found in sphagnum
bogs. We were unable to locate the type and so have accepted the species
as described by Kiihner (1935). This is now a well established concept and
consistent with the original description. Galerula lasiosperma Atk. appears to
be identical, but our independent studies of the type revealed that some
carpophores in the type collection had slightly shorter spores (7-9 X 5-6.5
/t). In others the spores were 9-10 X 6-7 IL. Since we have not discovered
any correlated characters we do not wish to do more than point out the
difference here. We have some evidence to indicate that a narrow-spored
taxon also exists in this group, but it cannot be assigned to G. lasiosperma.
Atkinson indicated broad (up to 7-7.5 jt) spores for both. In Smith 16720
from Mt. Baker, Wash., the spores were not quite so dark in color as in the
type of G. lasiosperma. Smith 4611 also had pale spores, as did one Michigan
collection.
MATERIAL EXAMINED: Bigelow 3808; 4540 (MICH). Chaillet 45,
France (L*) S. Davis (Kelly 4-7 (MICH). J. Favre, Switzerland, 7-14-35
(narrow spores, long cysts) (MICH). J. W. Groves, Aldershot, Nova Scotia,
2-9-53 & 10-2-53 (MICH). L. R. Hesler 4335; 10681 (TENN). Hongo
(Japan: Otsu) 1121 (MICH). C. H. Kauffman, 7th Lake, Adirondack Mts.,
New York, 9-11-21 (MICH). E. B. Mains 6044 (MICH). PRH 107
(MICH). D. A. Reid, Inverness, Scotland, August, 1955 (MICH). Singer,
Mt. Lake, Virginia (typical) (FH); N-725 (F); 465 (Europe). Smith, Mud
Lake Bog, Washtenaw Co., Mich., August, 1929; 33-589; 33-941; 33-942;
26; 75 (narrow spores); 4022 (wide cystidia); 4611; 6124 (typical); 7598;
16720; 18425 (narrow spores); 37018; 41641; 42579; 42583; 42584; 42585;
42586; 43714; 43724; 43963; 60882; 61492; 61496; 61646; 61678; 61843.
Thesleff, Finland, 7-10-92 (H). Tuomikoski, Finland, 4 collections (H).

* May 1821. This is probably one of the oldest preserved specimens of Galerina.