The North American species of Pholiota, by Alexander H. Smith and L. R. Hesler.

Smith ~ Hesler

287

Gill trama of a floccose central area of parallel to subparallel smooth
thin-walled hyphae with the cells 4-12 /u diam., subhymenium of gelatinous narrow (2-3 /I) closely packed hyphae. Pileus cutis a thick
gelatinous layer of hyaline to yellowish smooth hyphae 1.5-3 /t diam.,
over this veil hyphae occur in places; the latter nongelatinous 3-6 / and
with yellowish incrusted walls; hypodermium of dark rusty brown hyphae
from coarse incrustations, walls thin to slightly thickened, hyphae 5-10,u
diam. Context hyphae inflated 9-20 JL ~, walls thin, smooth, yellowish
in KOH. All hyphae inamyloid. Clamp connections present.
HABIT, HABITAT, AND DISTRIBUTION: Gregarious to caespitose on
burned areas in the Pacific Northwest, fall, common after forest fires.
OBSERVATIONS: This species is very distinct as it occurs in the Pacific
Northwest by its voluminous caulocystidia which are for the most part
quite unlike any of the lamellar cystidia. It is also a larger fungus than
P. highlandensis and with rather conspicuous zones of yellow veil remnants on the stipe. However, the flecks of veil fibrils forming the squamules on the pileus are pallid. Another interesting feature is the number
of pleurocystidia which are forked. The thick-walled cells in the hypodermium of the pileus are most numerous in sections of older material.
MATERIAL EXAMINED: CALIFORNIA: Smith 3767, 9056, 9452.
IDAHO: Smith 44678, 53782, 55283, 69248, 71307, 73889, 73890, 74092.
OREGON: Smith 3411, 3462, 3525, (type), 3601, 3617, 3767, 55353.
154. Pholiota highlandensis (Pk.) comb. nov.
Agaricus carbonarius Fries, Obs. Myc. 2: 33. 1818.
Flammula carbonaria (Fr.) Kummer, Der Fuhrer in die Pilzkunde, p.
82. 1871.
Flammnlla highlandensis (Pk.) Peck, New York State Mus. Ann. Rept.
50: 138. 1897.
Gymnopilus carbonarius (Fr.) Murrill, Mycologia 4: 256. 1912.
Pholiota carbonaria (Fr.) Singer, Agaricales, p. 517, 1951.
Dryophila carbonaria (Fr.) Quelet, Enchir. Fung., p. 70. 1886.
Illustrations: Text figs. 330, 332-335; pls. 67a, 70b, 72.
Pileus 2-4 (6) cm broad, viscid, convex, becoming somewhat depressed, at times with a low umbo, fulvous or reddish-cinnamon-brown
to reddish brown, the margin usually paler, colors varying "russet,"
"tawny," "pecan brown," "verona brown," or in age almost "mummy
brown," glabrous except for decidous veil-remnants along the margin,
hygrophanous and fading to various shades around "ochraceous-buff,"
margin even. Context rather thin, yellow to subconcolorous; odor not
distinctive, taste slightly disagreeable or none.
Lamellae adnate or rounded-adnate, pallid to pale-yellowish when
young, becoming "snuff-brown" or "cinnamon-brown," broad, close, edges
even or eroded.
Stipe (1) 2-4 cm long, (2) 3-6 mm thick, apex whitish to yellowish