The North American species of Pholiota, by Alexander H. Smith and L. R. Hesler.

280

The North American Species of Pholiota

roots, rarely on manure-heaps, Washington, Oregon, California, and
Idaho, summer, autumn, and early winter.
OBSERVATIONS: The distinctive mark of this species is the fiery red
or ferruginous veil, which, in age, fades to ochraceous, leaves fibrillose
squamules on the stipe, and is appendiculate on the pileus margin. The
lamellae are narrow and whitish to grayish when young.
A collection from England by Smith (63165, MICH) is close; in it
the veil-remnants form orange-tawny squamules on the stipe. Further
collections of it might prove it to be a form of P. carbonaria. The name
P. carbonicola Singer was based on conversations Singer had with Smith
who admitted that he had first intended to publish the species as P.
carbonicola. It is doubtful, in a strict interpretation of the International
Rules, if the change to carbonicola from carbonaria, as finally published
by Singer, is now justifiable. At any rate, Peck's species epithet highlandensis is available for the fungus commonly known in the past as
Flammula carbonaria.
MATERIAL EXAMINED: CALIFORNIA: White 575 (MICH); Smith
3638, 3773, 9003, 9386, 9446, 9500, (type). IDAHO: Smith 44428, 44458,
44906, 45336, 45485, 46021, 46022, 53888, 54261, 55314, 68196; OREGON:
Sipe 918 (MICH); Smith 3406, 3418, 3616, 9342; WASHINGTON:
Smith 17998, 18019, 48364, 48449. Stuntz and Isaacs (Stuntz 1587).
149. Pholiota fulvozonata sp. nov.
Illustrations: Text figs. 328-329; 331.
Pileus 1-2 cm crassus, conicus demum late coniczs vel convexuts,
saepe-umbonatus, viscidus, fulvo-squamulosus, ad centrum pallide fulvus,
ad marginem pallidus. Contextus pallidus, cartilagineus, curn FeSO
viridis; sapor mitis. Lamellae pallidae, confertae adnatae. Stipes 1-2 cm
longus, 3-4 mm crassus, deorsum attenuatus, pallidus, conspicue fulvozonatus. Sporae 6-7 x 4-4.5 u. Pleurocystidia 33-46 x 9-16 p. conspicua,
fusoide ventricosa. Specimen typicum legit prope Upper Priest Lake,
Boundary County, Idaho, Oct. 3, 1966. Smith 73887 (Mich).
Pileus 1-2 cm broad, conic expanding to broadly conic or conic
campanulate, surface tawny on disc and pallid on margin, viscid pellicle
tough and separable, surface covered with superficial dark russet squamules representing the remains of the outer veil, slowly glabrescent. Context pallid, pliant, odor and taste not distinctive, with FeSO4 quickly
green.
Lamellae pallid becoming dull cinnamon, crowded, broadly adnate,
edges even and pallid.
Stipe 1-2 cm long, 3-4 mm thick, narrowed downward, solid, ground
color pallid but so densely covered by concentric zones of dark russet
veil material as to almost obscure the ground color except at apex.
Spores 6-7.5 X 4-4.5 /i, with a minute apical pore; shape in face
view ovate to elliptic, in profile elliptic to obscurely inequilateral; color