The North American species of Pholiota, by Alexander H. Smith and L. R. Hesler.

Smith ~ Hesler

259

much paler in color and when fresh its stipe has brown squamules of veil
remnants, and it typically lacks a fragrant odor. Both show variation from
thin to thick-walled pleurocystidia.
P. vinaceobrunnea lacks a fragrant odor, has pleurocystidia with
walls 2-3 A. thick, and no caulocystidia were found in an examination of
dried material. Also its cystidia measure 60-115 ut long. P. humii with
pleurocystidia having walls to 3 /u thick, has a fragrant odor, and a veil
so poorly developed as to scarcely leave a zone of fibrils where it breaks.
Also it appears to be a more slender species.
This stirps, with the exception of P. velaglutinosa appears to be a
"collective" species, and as indicated in other similar situations, comparative studies in culture are badly needed.
MATERIAL EXAMINED: CALIFORNIA: Smith 56059, 56192 (type),
56583, 56647. IDAHO: Smith 69534.
Stirps Ferruginea
As indicated, the species with bright rusty red, orange, and variations
of these colors over the disc of the young pileus are placed here. The
colors may fade and then the species may resemble those of stirps Occidentalis. If only old material is available for identification try both stirpes
to obtain an identification. This stirps might be further divided on the
color of the gills at maturity: one group with dull colored gills and the
other with yellow-brown gills. Presumably there would be a difference in
the color of the spore print but this remains to be checked.
Key
1. Spores mostly 6-7 x 4-5,u; gills with wood brown to fuscous tones
when m ature and fresh........................................ 2
1. Spores usually narrower in relation to length; gills yellow brown.... 4
2. Odor strong (of iodiform or Inocybe-like); pileus "burnt sienna"
fresh......................................................... P. sienna
2. Odor not distinctive; pileus ferruginous at first......... 3
3. Stipe readily staining yellow.P. ferrugineo-lutescens
3. Stipe not staining as above............ P. hypholomoides
4. Pleurocystidia with walls 1.5-4 FA thick.. P. ferruginea
4. Pleurocystidia with walls thinner (0.5-2 a)
see P. Ilbrica var. Itteifolia, P. rufodisca and P. abru-ptibulba
137. Pholiota sienna (Kauff.) comb. nov.
Stropharia sienna Kauffman, Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci. Arts, Papers and
Letters 11: 207. 1930.
Illustrations: Text figs. 289-290.