The North American species of Pholiota, by Alexander H. Smith and L. R. Hesler.

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The North American Species of Pholiota

(possibly pseudocystidia), some (mostly the fusoid cells) with wrinkledrefractive content extending the length of the cell. Cheilocystidia versiform: some in chains and the cells 2-3 in numbber, 6-9 F diam. and
about as long; some pear-shaped and 26-32 X 9-12 p,; some fusoid ventricose with acute apex; nearly all with thin hyaline walls, content hyaline
or in a few bright yellow (in KOH). Caulocystidia at extreme apex of
stipe and resembling the cheilocystidia but often larger, some with yellow
content, 30-50 (67) x 4-9 p..
Gill trama with a central area of somewhat interwoven hyaline
floccose hyphae with thin smooth walls, the hyphae with narrow (4-6 p/)
or more inflated cells; subhymenium becoming gelatinous in KOH, of
interwoven hyphae tightly packed (in sections appearing cellular). Pileus
cutis a poorly formed layer of somewhat gelatinous hyphae 3-6 pu diam.,
thin-walled, hyaline in KOH, smooth; hypodermial region of interwoven
floccose hyaline hyphae more or less like those of context. Context hyphae
hyaline in KOH, thin-walled, cells inflating. Clamp connections present.
All hyphae inamyloid.
HABIT, HABITAT, AND DISTRIBUTION: On soil, in pastures, near stumps,
New York, Michigan and in Canada, Ontario; also reported from Ohio
(Overholts 1927) and from Wisconsin (Harper 1913), July to October.
Type studied.
OBSERVATIONS: This species is distinguished by its small dot-like
scales on a brown fading pileus. Overholts (1927) reports that in an
Ohio collection, some pilei were glabrous among the typically scaly ones.
Cystidia are present in the hymenium of the type but they revived poorly
and are most readily discovered by their refractive inclusion in mounts
revived in KOH.
118. Pholiota simulans sp. nov.
Illustrations: Text figs. 254-255; 256-258.
Pileus circa 8 cm latus, planus, squamrnllosus, subviscidus, griseobrunneus, sublitescens. Lamellae confertae, angustae, adnatae demum
Sllbdecurrcntes. Stipes circa 8 cm longias, 9 mml crassus, subsqUiam losus.
Sporac 5-6 x 4-4.8 /., leves, obscure truncatae. Pleurocystidia 36-54 X
8-13 tl, numerosa, fusoide ventricosa, ut chrysocystidia. Specimen typicum
in Herb. Univ. Mich. conservatum est; legit prope Pontiac, Mich. 17 Sept.
1965, Simth 72658.
Pileus about 8 cm broad, plane with a decurved margin, or margin
uplifted in age, surface covered by very fine appressed fibrillose squamules
more numerous and less distinct over disc, squamules dull ochraceous
tawny and disc this color from dense arrangement of squamules, becoming rimose toward margin, ground color with a yellowish tinge (more
accentuated on drying), surface beneath the scales subviscid and soon
dry. Context thin, buff, FeSO4 olivaceous; taste slight and not distinctive,
odor none.