The North American species of Pholiota, by Alexander H. Smith and L. R. Hesler.

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The North American Species of Pholiota

filamentous hyphae 2-3.5 Iu diam., hyaline and subgelatinous as revived
in KOH. Pileus cutis a gelatinous pellicle of interwoven hyphae hyaline
to bright ochraceous in KOH, tubular, 3-5 pu diam.; golden lactiferous
(or oleiferous?) hyphae also in the layer; hypodermial zone not structurally distinct from context (possibly containing more oleiferous
hyphae). Context hyphae (3)6-12 (22) p. wide, cells becoming greatly
inflated, golden oleiferous hyphae also present. Clamp connections
present. All hyphae inamyloid but occasional small masses of amyloid
debris noted.
HABIT, HABITAT, AND DISTRIBUTION: Clustered to gregarious on soil
in lawns, Tennessee, November-December, Hesler 18848 type, and 17246,
18848, 18871, and 25006.
OBSERVATIONS: This is a most interesting species from the standpoint
of the yellow-brown spore deposit, tendency for the subhymenium to
gelatinize, the obscurely truncate spores and presence of chrysocystidia.
It is excluded from Naematoloma by the color of the spore deposit. The
bright yellow pseudocystidia in the hymenium are fairly rare in the
material examined to date but we feel they are significant as a species
character. We would not emphasize the amyloid debris at this time as a
taxonomic character, though it must be admitted that this sort of material
is very rare in the genus as we have studied it to date. In the herbarium
the bright yellow pseudocystidia distinguish this species from P. caespitosa. In the field P. caespitosa is basically whitish and has a yellow veil.
P. tennesseensis has yellowish brown scales on the stipe, and the pileus
when young is pale yellow or tinged with olive.
38. Pholiota caespitosa sp. nov.
Illustrations: Text figs. 128-130.
Pileus 3-5 cm latus, convexus demum late convexus, viscidus, fibrilloso-squamlulosus, subalbidus demum pallide luteus, ad margineum appendiculatus. Contextus albus. Lamellae adnato-decurrentes, subdistantes,
latae, luteae. Stipes caespitosus, 4-5 cm longus, 6-10 mm crassus, albidus
demum luteus, deorsum fibrilloso-squamulosus. Velum copiosum. Sporae
5.5-7.5 x 3.5-4(4.5) Ip. Pleurocystidia ut chrysocystidia, 23-42 x 6-9 p,
clavato-mucronata vel fusoide ventrisosa, Specimen typicum in Herb.
Univ. Tenn. conservatum est; legit Anderson County, Tennessee. 31 Oct.
1943, Hesler No. 15908.
Pileus densely caespitose (30-50 in each clump), 3-5 cm broad, convex, viscid, densely fibrillose when young, becoming fibrillose scaly, scales
more conspicuous on disc, basic color whitish, scales becoming (at maturity) "chamois," margin incurved and more or less appendiculate. Context firm, moderately thick, white; odor and taste mild (or slightly like
Irish potato).
Lamellae adnate-decurrent, finally sinuate, near "honey yellow" to