Camden's Britannia newly translated into English, with large additions and improvements ; publish'd by Edmund Gibson ...

An APPENDIX, containing some short ADDITIONS and EMENDATIONS.

• IN the Life, Page 9. Col. 1. line 24. after effectual, add Recommendation.
• P. lxiv. l. 19. And so Agricola.
• P. lxxiii. l. 9. Cl. Corn. Laelianus.
• P. 19. l 74. For King Arthur's read Prince Arthur's.
• P. 132. at Alresford, for 1610. read 1690.
• P. 157. l. 21. read his Grandchild.
• P. 182. Charles (and not Heneage) Finch is Earl of Win∣chelsea.
• P. 215. under Otford, instead of Chester write Lege∣cester; and for Dorchester, read Dunwich.
• P. 290. In the Additions to Bedford, observe, That 'tis of late much improv'd by new Buildings, and a fair Market-house; the River also is made navigable.
• Ibid. To what our Author has said of Ampthill add, That 'tis a Town extraordinarily improv'd by many brick-buildings, but especially by a beautiful Market-house and convenient Sessions-house, where the Assize for the County have been frequently held, at the charge of the right honourable the Earl of A∣lesbury, who has there in the middle of a most plea∣sant Park, a beautiful house, built by the Countess of Pembroke; the model whereof was devis'd by the incomparable Sir Philip Sidney in his Arcadia. It has been likewise noted for a Palace belonging to King Henry 8. where Queen Catharine liv'd during the at∣tempt of the Divorce, and from whenc•• she was ci∣ted to appear before the Commissioners at Dunsta∣ble.
• Three miles from Ampthill, is discover'd a Gold∣mine, which they work with such great hopes, as the Undertakers have offer'd 60 years purchace for the Land.
• P. 291. To what is said of Dunstable, add, That after the Coronation of King Charles 2. the wives of two Blacksmiths were at the same time deliver'd of three Children each, one of three Boys, and the other of three Girls.
• P. 432. In relation to what Mr. Camden has said of Wedon on the street, insert in the Additions: That Station is not properly placed at Wedon on the street, which is not found to produce any Testimony of that nature, either as to Coins or Entrenchments. But there is a place somewhat more than a mile from it to the South, which is now call'd by the name of Castle-Dikes, which shews a clear demonstration of Antiquity, and of what may be call'd Roman Anti∣quity. 'Tis in an enclosure within the Liberties of Farthingston, where, upon an Hill, there are many Entrenchments, the whole c••mpass whereof con∣tains about eleven Acres of Ground: And in the highest part there stood (as they say) a Castle. There is indeed a great deal of stone visible there, but▪ whether it be the foundation of such a Structure, or whether it be the natural product of the Earth, is not easily discover'd, tho' the latter rather appears. They have formerly, it's said, in digging, discover'd some ancient Works, and a small sort of Tyle, which might be part of some Roman Area. The whole platform is so overgrown with Brush-wood, that there is little now visible beside the Trenches; only when the wood is down (which they cut perhaps once in eight years) there is a much clearer view of the whole. There is at a small distance to the South-West an Entrenchment of another form, running out more in length, where, they say, a Town was situ∣ate; but more properly a Roman Camp, which, by the form, seems to have been pitch'd there. There is a Town call'd Litchburrow, which, by its name and neighbourhood seems to lay a considerable claim of relation to Bennavenna, and with great probability to make out its affinity rather than any other place in that part.
• P. 454. Observe further of what is said of Melton-Mowbray. That the present Church was formerly Collegiate, may be easily evinc'd from its form, which (as almost all others of that nature) is like a Cross; from the Stalls which are yet to be seen in the Chancel; and from a place in the Church where the Priests use to hang their Vestments. There still remains the Organ-case, with other Monuments of it's Religious Antiquity, which manifest what it has formerly been. Where the Chantry stood, whether in that place call'd The Prior's Close, lying at a small distance from the Town southward, or in a place overthwart the street eastward from the Church, is not easily discernable. But upon further enquiry, it plainly appears, that what is now the Parsonage-house was so of old, and not the Chantry-house, as was once imagin'd
• P. 456. l. 5. Mr. Camden is in the right in affirming that Thomas Cromwell was Baron of Okeham.
• P. 499. At the Vale of Redhorse, observe, that Pil∣lerton is three miles off the figure. Tysoe had been a better direction to it.
• P. 505. l. 16. Henry 3. seems to be an error for Henry the 8th, in the 11th of whose reign John Voisey was consecrated.
• Ibid. last line but three, for dangling read dischevel'd.
• P. 506. l. penult. read, Dividing this County from Leicestershire, passes northward by High-cross.
• P. 510. l. 8. Sir Robert Shirley is now Lord Ferrars of Chartley.
• Ibid. l. 20. for Ealenden read Eatingdon.
• —The Works at Chesterton are not properly a Building, but a square Camp or Entrenchment.
• P. 511. last line but five, after rock, add, Over a cur∣rent of water, and through, &c.
• P. 512. l. 11. Ambrose Dudly was Earl of Warwick.
• In the same page, to what is said of Warwick, add: On the fifth of September, 1694. the best part of this Town was destroy'd by a dreadful fire, which began by the accident of a spark being blown from a stick, as a poor man was carrying it cross a Lane. There is an Act of Parliament preparing for the re∣gular rebuilding of it, and for preventing such fatal Accidents for the future; so that 'tis hop'd, that by the munificence of Benefactors and the industry of the Inhabitants, it will rise out of its ashes with a new beauty.
• Upon a review of the Sheets of Wales, Mr. Lhwyd found it necessary to have some things alter'd, viz.
• Pag. 583. lin. 54. The letter Y has two pronun∣ciations in the Welsh, and therefore two Figures in the Grammars of Joan. Davides Rhesus, Hen. Salsbury, &c. viz. Y pronounc'd as I in the words Hill, Him, &c. and Y pronounc'd as U in the words Mud, Must; or, as I in Third, Bird, and the like▪ Mr. Lhwyd had us'd this distinction in the MS. which yet escap'd our observation in the printing.
• P. 587. Annot. c. dele As for Rhaiadr, &c. to the word denominated; and write, The word Rhaiadr is found in the names of several places in Wales, &c.
• Ibid. For Rydh r. Rhŷd.
• Ibid. For Dwradh, Dwrdh.
• P. 594. For Aered, Frêd.
• Ibid. Upon farther consideration, I conclude, the Inscription on the Cross at Vaenor, must be read thus: In nomine Dei Summi, tilus.
• P. 601. Yrwyth is probably erroneous in Giral∣dus, &c. for Iorwerth.
• P. 603. del. Mynydh Kader, &c. to the word deno∣minated; for which write, The word Kader is frequently us'd in the names of Mountains in Wales, &c.
• Ibid. For signifying, signify'd.
• Ibid. For Yd-lhan, Yd-lan; for Korph-lhan, Korph-lan; and for Kor-lhan, Kor-lan.
• Ibid. Annot. c. For them (the last word of the paragraph) write it.
• P. 606. After the word ages, add, out of a mistaken respect to the name Julianus.
• P. 610. marg. For rhanna, Rhannu.
• P. 611. For chest, cleft.

• P. 616. line 13. For that, than.
• P. 617. line 40. For critical, critic.
• Ibid. For Chychyrog, Lhythyrog.
• P. 619. line 16. read or else Memoriae.
• Ibid. line 29. For Lygadyr, Lygad yr.
• Ibid. lin. 31. For meneu Lydaidyr, meineu Lhygaid yr.
• P. ••23. For Witland, Whitland.
• Ibid. marg. For Patriae, patriaeque.
• P. 626. Annot. f. lin. 1. For of Emlyn, r. of this our Author calls Elmlyn.
• P. 627. line 17. dele and fourth.
• Ibid. line 20. For Gerwerth, Ierwerth.
• P. 628. For Gwaly, Gwâl y. And at the end of that paragraph, for length read height.
• P. 630. For Capel King, Càpel Kìrig.
• P. 633. lin. 58. For in War, at Ware.
• P. 635. For Gorwerth, Iorwerth.
• P. 636. For Aber Divy, Aber Dyvy.
• P. 646. For Glâl, Gwâl.
• P. 652. For Givenewnwyn, Gwen••ynwyn,
• Ibid. For Tal y Ganeg, Tâl y Garreg.
• P. 657. For Dôl Gelhen, Dôl Gelheu.
• P. 659. For & pectore summo, r. it pectore summo.
• P. 669. Annot. b. After the words Ships of burthen, add for eight.
• Ibid. For Penharedh, Pendhâredh.
• Ibid. For Cuntegorix, Cunegetorix.
• P. 676. lin. 12. dele best.
• P. 677. For killieu, kittieu.
• P. 682. After the words in my opinion, add is the most probable; 'twas, &c.
• Ibid. For this chirk, this and chirk.
• Ibid. marg. For lhymarch, lhŷwarch.
• P. 684. For Impostor, Imposture.
• Ibid. For Hampton Gag, Hampton Gay.
• P. 685. For Gwydhelèn, Gwydhèlen.
• Ibid. Hic hu—is to be read hic humatur.
• P. 687. For Kaerwysk, read Kàer-wys.
• P. 692. paragr. ult. dele such as.
• P. 693. For Seising, Seisnig.
• Pag. 708. lin. 1. Mr. Dodsworth in his Collect. (vol. 58. fol. 31.) has given us a draught of the Inscri∣ption somewhat different from Mr. Camden. It is thus:

  DV. C. BRIG. ET NVM. MG. C. FL. AVR. AVRELIAN VS DD pro S. FU ESVIS S. MA. GS.

• Under which, upon a sort of Pedestel, is written

  C O. S.

  On the other part of the Stone,

  ANIO. NI. III. ET GETA COS.

• P. 715. l. ult. for daughter read mother.
• P. 734. Add to what is said of Burrow-bridge: That notwithstanding the concurring opinions of so many eminent men, about the Stones there being artificial; what the Ingenious Dr. Lister has said against it (Phi∣losoph. Transact. N^o 4. p. 90, 91, &c.) ought to be well consider'd. He affirms, that they are made of one of the most common sort of Stone, viz. a coarse Rag or Milstone grit, and that all the Roman Monu∣ments among us are of the same matter. He instan∣ces, in the remains of their ancient gates at York, a vast Roman head in Mr. Hilliard's garden, and two Roman Altars; one, the original of that at Ilkley; ano∣ther (these are his own words) in the possession of that ingenious Antiquary Mr. Thoresby late of Leeds, viz. father to the present Mr. Ralph Thoresby. And that the want of that sort of stone may be no objection to his hypothesis, he instances in several places where it may be had in great abundance, particularly above Ilkley, in one solid bed; the perpendicular depth where∣of will yield Obelisks at least 30 foot long; and that's within 16 miles of Burrowbridge.
• P. 729. before [s] add to what our Author has said of Winwidfield, the substance of a Letter I receiv'd from Mr. Thoresby of Leeds:
• The place where the Battel is suppos'd to have been fought, is yet call'd Winmore, and is four miles hence in the road to York; but all the difficulty is, to find out the right Winwid-fluvium of Bede (in the Lovain edition misprinted Innet; whence probably Speed's Innet, but a very old MS. of mine has it Winwed, as that also which Wheelock us'd) the Winƿidstream of K. Alfred. For after many years enquiry, and fre∣quent traversing the ground, I cannot find or hear of either great or small Brook, that carries a name any thing akin to Winwed; which I now conclude to be our River Are. And indeed, there is no river besides, that seems to have the least probability of being it. Wherf cannot pretend to it, because the Mercians, upon their defeat, would certainly flee homewards. Calder is too remote from the place of Battel, which was in regione Loidis. All the difficulty (for the In∣closures between the present Winmore and Leeds may well enough be concluded of a modern stand, and consequently the old Winwid-field the nigher Are) is the different names; and yet, I think, the matter may be thus solv'd: that the Christian Saxons, in memory of so signal a deliverance from their Pagan Enemies, who threaten'd the extirpation of their whole race, might endeavour to change the British Are into the Saxon þinƿid; and Bede, who was a Northern man, and wrote his History presently after, might accor∣dingly celebrate it under that name, tho' in a few ages the old one seems to have reverted. Now, that Bri∣tish names sometimes gave place to Saxon, Somner himself admits, in his Treatise of the Roman Ports, where he concludes Sandwich to have let go its British Rutupium for the Saxon Lunden ƿic: and Limene and Rother he positively asserts to be different names of the same Romney water. As to the Etymon, I could fan∣cy it to be from ƿin victoria, and ƿid latus; sic Win∣wid-field, est Pugnae, sive Victoriae, latus campus: and so it had need have been for so vast an army, where 30 cyne bearna (duces è prole Régia) with their forces, were slain on one side, or rather drowned in the ƿidstream: for Bede puts the accent upon that,* 1.1 Et quod prope fluvium Winwid pugnatum est, qui tunc prae inundantia pluviarum la••e alveum suum, imò ripas sua•• transierat, contigit ut multo plures aqua fugientes, quam bel∣lantes perderet ••ensis. And methinks our modern Win∣more and Broad-Are agree special well with the old Winwid-field and Winwid-stream: And I am very apt to think, that even w••en the old British name rever∣ted, it hence got that universal Epithet of broad, that is to this very day so generally us'd, or rather incor∣porated into the very name of the River, that the common people can scarce pronounce this Shibboleth without its adjunct. And why (except from this memorable Victory, which was chiefly owing to the water) it should be Broad Are, rather than Broad Ousè or Calder, I cannot divine. And I am rather induc'd thus to take ƿid appellatively, both because the place of battel is call'd Winmore, not Winwidmore; and be∣cause ƿidstream is synonymous to Bradan ae, i.e. latus fluvius, Broadwater, which was so nigh akin to the old name, that nothing's more easie than the change of Brad ea to Brad are.
• P. 823. l. 24. after England, r. by the bound-rod. Lin. 25. Reddon. L. 27. Jed. P. 906. l. 17. Dalzel. P. 927. l. 42. Ravin's heugh. P. 957. l. 10, Pentland. P. 986. l. 29. Warham. P. 992. l. 25. dele it fell to. P. 1003. l. 8. for and r. who. P. 1005. l. 4. Ciules.

FINIS.

Notes

• * 1.1

  l. 3. c. 24.