Mikrokosmographa. A description of the little-world, or, body of man, exactly delineating all the parts according to the best anatomists. With the severall diseases thereof. Also their particular and most approved cures. / by R.T. doctor of physick.

CHAP. V. Of the Armes and Shoulders.

IN the shoulder there be two bones, the shoulder bone and the cannell bone, the first is os spatula, or blade bone of the shoulder, whose hinder part declineth toward the chin, and in that end it is broad and thin, and in the upper part it is round; wherein in a concavity, called the box or coope of the shoulder, and which entereth the adjutor bones of the armes, and they are bound together with strong flexible sinews, and are contained fast

with clauicula, or the cannell bone, which bone extendeth to both the shoulders, one end to one shoulder, and another to the other, and there they make the composition of the shoulders; the bones of the armes from the shoulder to the fingers ends be thirty; the first is the adjutor bone of the arm, the upper end whereof entereth into the box of the shoulder bone, it is hollow and full of mar∣row, and extendeth to the elbow, where it hath two knobs in the juncture of the elbow, entering into a concavity proportioned, in the uppermost ends of the two fosell bones, the lesse whereof go∣eth from the elbow to the thumb, by the upper part of the arme, and the greater neathermost from the elbow to the little finger; and these bones be joyned and bound together with the adjutor bone with strong ligaments, and likewise with the bones of the hand; the bones of the hand are eight, four uppermost and four neathermost, and in the palme of the hand five called ossa patinis, unto them are joyned the bones of the fingers and thumbes, in every finger three bones, and in the thumbe two; so that there is in the fingers and thumbe of every hand fourteen bones called ossa digitorum, in the palme of the hand five called pa∣tinis, and between the hand and the wrist eight, and from the wrist to the shoulder three bones, which in the whole numbred together are thirty, in each hand and arme, likewise there cometh from

Minuca, and the spondels of the neck four sinews, one cometh along the upper part of the arm, ano∣ther passeth under the arme, one in the inner side, and another in the outer side of the arme, which bring unto the armes feeling and moving from the brain and minuca; now to speak of the veins and arteries of the arme, from venakelis springeth two branches, one runneth to one arme pit, the o∣ther to another, and there the branch is divided into two parts, or other branches, one goeth along the innerside of the arme, untill it commeth to the bought of the arme, and there it is called Bazillica or Epatica, and then goeth down the arme, till it come to the wrist, where it turneth to the back of the hand, and goeth between the little finger and the next, and there is called salvatella; the other branch in the arme hole spreadeth to the utter side of the shoulder, where he divideth in two, the one goeth up spreading in the carnous part of the head and passeth through the bone into the veine; the other branch runneth along the outward side of the arme, and there is divided into two also, the one part endeth at the hand, the other part foldeth about the arme, and in the bouget of the arme is called Sephalica, from thence it goeth to the back of the hand, appeareth between the thumbe and the forefinger, and is there called Sephaelica occula∣rio; there are in the arme five principall veines from each of the two branches that I speak of,

which bee divided in the hinder part of the shoul∣ders, springeth one vein, and those two meet toge∣ther in the bought of the arme, and there is called Mediana, or Cordialis, or Commine, and of vena Sephalica springeth vena oculoris, and of vena Ba∣zilita ariseth vena Salvatella, and of the two veins that meet there springeth vena mediana; and from these five principall veins there spring innumera∣ble other small veins, but of them the Chyrurgion hath not so great charge; further you shall under∣stand, that wheresoever there is found a vein, there is an Artery under him, if it be a great vein, there is a great Artery; and contrariwise, a little vein a little Artery, for wheresoever there goeth a vein to carry nutrimentall bloud, there also goeth an Ar∣tery, conveying the spirit of life. Therefore the Ar∣teries lye deeper in the flesh then the veins do, and carry in them more pure and precious bloud, therefore he is further from outward danger then the veine, and is covered with two coats, the vein only with one: and thus much for the arms and shoulders, which are governed by the signe Gemini.