An antidote agaynst poperie: most necessarie for all in this back-slyding age. Wherein 1. The trueth is confirmed, by authoritie of scriptures, witnessing of antiquitie, and confession of the popish partie. 2. Popish scripturall arguments are answered, by the exposition both of father and of their own doctours / by William Guild.

CHAPT. X. Of the fiue bastard SACRAMENTS.

SECT. I. Of the Sacrament of Con∣firmation: which the Ro∣manists labour to confirme, by these places following.

[ 1] MATTH. 19.15. And Hee layde His handes on them, (to wit, the children that were brought vnto Him.) Heere then (saye they,) CHRIST first of all con∣firmed little Children.

* 1.1Aunswere. BELLARMINE gran∣teth, That all Sacramentes of the Gospell, properlie so called, must haue these three thinges: 1. a materiall and visible signe or Ele∣ment, 2. a directiue word or in∣stitution, by CHRIST Himselfe, and 3. a promise of saving, or ju∣stifying grace, annexed to the right vsers there-of: and there∣fore they must bee common to all. But so it is, that both Alexander of Hales,* 1.2 and their owne Bonaven∣ture, affirmeth, that Confirma∣tion was not instituted by CHRIST, (as Biell witnesseth of them) but long afterward by the Church.

Lyke-wyse their owne Suarez

testifieth, that this imposition of our SAVIOVR'S hands,* 1.3 was not Sacramentall. For it is most true (sayeth hee,) that our Lord heere, by this imposition of hands, did never conferre this Sacrament, nor before His Ascention, was it ever ministred by anie.

ACTES 8.17. Then they [ 2] layde their handes vpon them, and they receaved the holy Ghost. Heere lyke-wyse (say they) the Apostles ministred Confirmation.

Answere. This imposition of the Apostles handes, was not a Sacrament: for that which they receaved thereby, on whom they layde handes, was not ordinarie saving grace, which is the effect of a Sacrament,* 1.4 but the extraor∣dinarie gift of miracles: as wit∣nesseth Chrysostome, and O Ecume∣nius playnlie, as also their owne Lyra, and Bernardus Felicianus.

And as for simple laying on of handes onelie, whereof is men∣tion heere,* 1.5 Suarez sayeth, it is to bee affirmed, that the simple laying on of handes, was not true∣lie the Sacrament of Confirmation, which wee haue nowe (sayeth hee,) because in the sinsible rite thereof, it is verie farre different; and except Chrisme bee applyed to the fore-head, (sayeth Bellar∣mine,* 1.6) wee affirme that it is no Sacrament.

SECT. II. Of MARRIAGE, which the Romanists would proue to bee a Sacrament, by these places following.

[ 1] EPHES. 5.32. This is a great Sacrament. Spea∣king (say they) of Marriage.

Answere. Thou hast not out of this place (prudent Reader) (sayth Cardinall Cajetane,) that Mar∣riage is called by S. PAVLL a Sa∣crament: for hee sayeth not this is a great Sacrament; but, This is a great Mysterie. Where-fore also their late Estius declareth, that it is not proven out of this place, that Marriage is a Sacrament. Yea, it seemeth not to bee playne out of Scripture at all, (sayeth Cathari∣nus) that Matrimonie is a Sacra∣ment, as others are: Nay,* 1.7 it is nowayes a Sacrament, properlie of the Newe Testament at all, (sayeth Durand, as hee is cited by their owne Cassander:) one rea∣son whereof,* 1.8 their owne Lombard giveth to bee this, Because it conferreth not saving or justifying grace: which if it did, they were injurious to their Clergie, who depriue them thereof.

1. TIM. 2.15. Not-with∣standing, [ 2] shee shall bee saved by

Chylde-bearing: to wit, the Wyfe. Therefore, (saye they) seeing heere wee see saving grace conferred by Marriage, Marriage is a Sacrament.

Aunswere. This is ascrybed to Chylde-bearing in Marriage, and not to Marriage it selfe: for there are sundry Marriages, where there is no Chylde-bearing at all; and others, where it is long delayed, as Sarahs and Elizabeths. Next: It is sayde in the TEXT, If they continue in Fayth, and Chari∣tie, and Holinesse, with Sobrietie. And there are none, (I hope) who will denye, but if those who liue in a single lyfe, contine in these Graces, they shall bee no lesse saved.

To vnderstand, then, the mea∣ning of this place rightlie, we haue the same phrase, ACT. 14.22. where it is sayde, that by manie afflictions, wee must enter into the Kingdome of GOD: and

yet Afflictions them-selues con∣ferre not Grace, or are there-fore Sacramentes. But, as by Affli∣ctions, even so by Chylde-birth in payne, (as one sorte there-of) if Wyues haue these saving Gra∣ces heere spoken of, they shall bee saved, and enter into the King∣dome of GOD. Their bearing of Children also beeing the Fun∣ction of that Sexe, and estate of lyfe, where-vnto they are called; where-in, (sayeth their Bishop Espenceus) if they walke sincerelie, wee deject not so farre that Sexe, but that they shall bee also Part∣takers of Salvation.

SECT. III. Of the Sacrament of Pen∣nance: which the Roma∣nistes labour to establish, by these places following.

MATTH. 4.17. Doe Pen∣nance, [ 1] (sayeth our SA∣VIOUR.)

Answere. First, this no more proveth Pennance to bee a Sacra∣ment, (tho the word were right∣lie translated, which is, repent,) than all other Preceptes of GOD'S Word are Sacramentes, as where hee sayeth,* 1.9 Watch and Pray; or where the Prophet sayeth, Repent,* 1.10 and turne you from all your Transgressions.

Next, this was before Bap∣tisme, (as the Rhemistes on this place acknowledge,) and the Councell of Trent declareth,* 1.11 that after CHRIST'S comming, Pen∣nance before Baptisme was no Sa∣crament at all: and therefore ACT. 2.38. no such Sacrament is spoken of.

Lyke-wyse this was before CHRIST'S Resurrection, and therefore no Sacrament at all;* 1.12 for wee teach, (sayeth Bellarmine,) that the Sacrament of Pennance, was instituted onelie after Christs Resurrection.

IOHN 20.22. When Hee [ 2] had sayde this, Hee breathed on them, and sayde vnto them, Re∣ceaue the holie Ghost: and whose sinnes yee shall forgiue, they are forgiven them; and whose sinnes yee shall retayne, shall bee retayned. Heere (sayeth both the Councell of Trent, and the Rhemistes,) the Sacrament of Pennance was instituted.

Answere. Heere is no institu∣tion of a Sacrament: because, 1. there is no Elementarie signe,* 1.13 wherevnto the word of institu∣tion should bee ever joyned, ac∣cording to Augustines rule, acce∣dat verbum ad Elementum, & fit Sacramentum: and which signe should resemble the saving grace which is signified thereby, as in Baptisme, and the LORD'S Supper: for, sayeth the same Au∣gustine, If they haue not the re∣semblance of these things whereof they are Sacramentes, they were no Sacramentes at all.

In these words, then, our Saviour reneweth only to his Apostles their Commission which Hee had given before, which their owne Aquinas showeth, saying, That heere is 1. an injunction of their office to preach, 2. the fitting of them thereto, by giving them the ho∣lie Ghost, and 3. this is the effect of their preaching, vnto the Re∣mission of sinnes, &c. In lyke-manner sayeth Barradius, (and with him Ferus,) in this place Hee instituteth them Apostles, that is (sayeth hee,) Hee sendeth them to preach the Remission of Sinnes.

SECT. IV. Of auricular Confession: which the Romanists would proue, by these places fol∣lowing.

[ 1] MATTH. 3.6. And they were baptized of him in

Iordan, confessing their sinnes; even as it is lykewyse sayde, ACT. 19.18. And manie who believed, came, and confessed their deedes.

Answere. Of both these places sayeth Cajetane,* 1.14 As they went vn∣to the Baptisme of IOHN confessing their sinnes, so are they nowe sayde to confesse their deeds: but without all doubt (sayeth hee) this was publickelie and generallie, for none of them was sacramen∣tall confession, but a profession of repentance, for their by-gone lyfe.

And for the first place,* 1.15 Bellar∣mine sayeth, Wee haue no ex∣ample of sacramentall Pennance, (where-of confession is a part,) eyther in the actions of the bap∣tist, nor before CHRIST'S Re∣surrection.

IAMES 5.16. Confesse [ 2] your sinnes one to another.

Answere. There is no speach heere of sacramentall confession, (sayeth Cardinall Cajetane) as is evident out of that which the A∣postle sayeth, Confesse one to a∣nother: where-as sacramentall confession (sayeth hee,) is not one to another, but to the Priest onelie. The verie same also doeth their Carthusianus showe: as also (sayeth Scotus) by saying,* 1.16 Con∣fesse one to another, hee sayeth not that this confession should bee to the Priest, more than to ano∣ther man. For which cause the Rhemistes themselues on this Text are forced to confesse, that it is nowayes certayne heere, that the Apostle speaketh of Sacramentall confession.

Wherefore, seeing there is no warrand for the same in Scripture, it was not without cause, that their owne Scotus sayde, and with him Petrus Oxoniensis, and Bishop Rhenanu••, (as witnesseth Bellar∣mine)

It appeareth that this con∣fession (sayeth hee,) is not jure divine, or by anie warrand of A∣postolicall Scripture.

It is to bee noted alwayes, that wee oppose not a Christian volun∣tarie confession, whereby a man, beeing touched in conscience, may at anie fit tyme, privatelie resort to his Pastor, or anie discrete Mi∣nister of the Word, and for his spirituall ease, comfort, and cure, confesse such sinnes as disquieteth him, or that hee findeth himselfe given vnto; that so hee may re∣ceaue Pastorall instruction, com∣fort, and counsell, for the obtay∣ning of mercie, farthering his mortification, and health of his soule. This sort of confession, (I say,) with Calvin and others,* 1.17 wee greatlie approue, both as lawfull and expedient; and wish, that men were more sensible, than they are of sinne; and this recourse to the Physitians of the soule, were more customeable in practise.

But that which wee justlie im∣pugne, is the imposing vpon all men indifferentlie, the yoke of such a Sacramentall confession to the Priest,* 1.18 as must be of all sinnes, and their circumstances; which they make to bee of such an abso∣lute, necessitie by divine precept, that without the same bee done, no pardon is to bee expected at GOD'S hand: and that hee who dieth vnconfessed to man, dieth bound in his sinnes before GOD. So that the manner, obligation, and sacramentall necessitie of this their confession, hath made it a Racke to the conscience, and a politicke Pike-locke to know all secrets: which moved their owne Cassander to say,* 1.19 I belieue there would bee little contraversie in this (sayeth hee,) if this whole∣some Medicine of confession, were not infected and defyled, by skillesse and importune Physi∣cians,

with manie vnprofitable Questions, whereby they insnare, and as it were with torments, racke the conscience (sayeth hee,) which they ought rather to com∣fort.

SECT. V. Of the Sacrament of holie Orders: which the Roma∣nistes would establish, by these places following.

1. TIM. 4.14. Neglect [ 1] not the grace that is in thee, which is given thee by pro∣phesie, with imposition of hands. Heere (say they) a visible signe, with the effect of invisible grace, in giving of orders, therefore it is a Sacrament.

Aunswere. First, the signe (if it were sacramentall) should bee an Elementarie signe, (as is sayde) resembling the grace sig∣nified thereby, and instituted by

CHRIST Himselfe to that ende, else altho it hath beene vsed by CHRIST Himselfe, yet it is no sacramentall signe at all, as wee see, MATTH. 19.15. imposi∣tion of CHRIST'S handes vpon little Children, and of His Disci∣ples vpon the sicke, MARKE 16.18. and thereafter, His owne breathing vpon them, whereby they receaved the holie Ghost, Iohn 20.22. and yet no man will say, that this imposition of hands vpon the sicke, or insufflation of our SAVIOVR'S, was a Sacrament at all.

Next, from the signe, to come to the grace signified, and confer∣red, it is not sacramentall grace: for (as witnesseth Bellarmine) that is saving and justifying, com∣mon to all the Elect: but this which is heere spoken of, is a pro∣per gift of teaching, given to Pa∣stors in the Church, and some∣tymes given in an eminent degree or measure, to such as are wicked

in lyfe; and so it is, gratia gratis data, but not justifying grace, which is, gratia gratum facient, (as they speake in the Schooles.) Therefore S. Chrysostome telleth vs, and with him Theophylact, that thereby his gift of teaching is on∣lie vnderstood, Sedulius, the ex∣ercyse of his Talent; Anselmus, and Cajetane, his Episcopall Fun∣ction; and the late Iesuites, Sal∣meron and Iustinian, the power which hee had to teach.

SECT. VI. Of the Sacrament of ex∣treame vnction, which the Romanists would prooue, by these Texts following.

MARKE 6.13. And [ 1] they anoynted manie that were sicke with Oyle, and hea∣led them.

Answere. Wee neede no more

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for a full replye, but Bellarmine and Suarez, their Argumentes whereby they proue, That the Sacrament of extreame vnction, is nowayes spoken of heere, but the gift onelie of miraculous healing: For 1. this vnction was for the bodie, whereas Sacramentes are chiefelie for the good of the Soule. 2. The Apostles were not Priestes as yet, till they were made such at the last Supper, as the Coun∣cell of Trent teacheth, and there∣fore no fit Ministers then of this Sacrament: 3. (sayeth Bellar∣mine) they anoynted all sicke persons whosoever, whereas this Sacrament is onelie conferred (sayeth hee,) vpon those who are bedfast, and in the danger of lyfe; and 4. they anoynted those who were not baptized, whereas this Sacrament (sayeth hee,) should neyther bee given, nor is availeable to those who are not first baptized.

IAMES 5.14. If anie man [ 2] bee sicke amongst you, let him bring the Priestes of the Church, and let them pray over him, a∣noynting him with Oyle, in the Name of the LORD: and the prayer of the faythfull shall saue the sicke, and the LORD shall rayse him vp.

Answere. Cardinall Cajetane on this place, sayeth. Neyther by wordes, nor by effect, doe these wordes of S. Iames speake of sacramentall or extreame vnction (sayeth hee,) but rather of that vnction which CHRIST appoynted in the Gospell, by His Disciples to bee vsed towardes those who were sicke: for the Text sayeth not, Is anie man sicke amongst you to death, but simple, is any man sicke. And hee calleth the effect of this vnction, the healing of the sicke. And besides this, S. Iames biddeth Sende for manie

Elders or Priestes, to one sicke person, that they may pray over him, and anoynt him: which (sayeth hee) is altogether con∣trarie to the rite or custome of ex∣treame vnction.* 1.20

More-over, Beda, Theophylact, (to whom wee joyne Euthymias, and Victor Antiochenus, as also Thomas Waldensis, and Alfonsus à Castro, (as witnesseth Bellarmine) with Lyra and Carthusian,) all these doe holde, that it is one and the selfe same vnction, that is spoken of both by S. MARKE, and S. IAMES heere: But so it is, that both Bellarmine and Suarez, the one a Cardinall, the other a Ie∣suit, proveth, that there is no sacramentall vnction spoken of by S. MARKE: therefore it will fol∣low, that neyther is there anie such spoken of by S. IAMES,

Notes

• * 1.1

  Bel. l. 1. de sacrā in ge∣nere c. 9. §. est au¦tem et l. 2. de cōfirm c. 2.
• * 1.2

  Halen part. 4. q. 4 mēb. 1 Biel in 4. dist. 7.
• * 1.3

  Sua∣rez Disp. 32. Sect. 2 also Bel. l. de ex∣trem. vnct. Cap. 2. §. Denique.
• * 1.4

  Chry∣sost. in Actes 17. se•• Acte•• 19.6.
• * 1.5

  Sua∣rez Disp. 33. Sect. 3
• * 1.6

  Bel. l. 2. de con∣firm. Cap. 9. §. Respon. Tertull.
• * 1.7

  Ca∣thar. 4. de Ma∣trim.
• * 1.8

  Cas∣sand. cōsult art. 13.
• * 1.9

  Math 26.41
• * 1.10

  Ezek. 18.30
• * 1.11

  Con∣cil. Trid. Sess. 14. c. 3
• * 1.12

  Bell. l. 1. de poenit. c. 11. §. in secūdo ••••pite.
• * 1.13

  Aug. tract. 80 in Iohan. See Bel. l. 1. de poenit. c. 11. §. re••∣spōde•• non mal••
• * 1.14

  Caje∣tane in Act 19.
• * 1.15

  Bel. l. 1. de poenit. c. 11. §. ad argu∣men∣tum.
• * 1.16

  Scotus in 4. Sent. Dist. 17. q. 1. art. 1.
• * 1.17

  Cal∣vin l. 3. in∣stit. c. 4. §. 12. Iuel•• defēce Apol. 2. c. 7. Martyr. loc. cont. class. 3. c. 8. §. 28. Morton. appeale Lib. 2. Cap. 16. Gerard' Loc. Com. Tom. 3. dist. pon. num. 99.
• * 1.18

  Cōcil. Trid. Sess. 14. can 7. et Na∣nar. Enchi¦rid. c. 2. Rhem on Iohn 20.23
• * 1.19

  Cas∣sand. cōsult. art. 11
• * 1.20

  All these Fa∣thers, and Do∣ctors, in their Com∣men∣taries on Mark 6. Bel. l. de ex∣tra. unct. c. 2.