Platerus golden practice of physick: fully and plainly discovering, I. All the kinds. II. The several causes of every disease. III. Their most proper cures, in respect to the kinds, and several causes, from whence they come. After a new, easie, and plain method; of knowing, foretelling, preventing, and curing, all diseases incident to the body of man. Full of proper observations and remedies: both of ancient and modern physitians. In three books, and five tomes, or parts. Being the fruits of one and thirty years travel: and fifty years practice of physick. By Felix Plater, chief physitian and professor in ordinary at Basil. Abdiah Cole, doctor of physick, and the liberal arts. Nich. Culpeper, gent. student in physick, and astrology.

CHAP. IV. Of Pain in the Eyes.

The Kinds,

WE comprehend under the name of Pain in the Eyes; all Diseases in the balls and corners of the Eyes, and in the inside of the Eyelids, and we leave other pains outwardly in the Eybrows to another place. When pain is in the said parts it either hath no other ac∣cident, or is with other accidents, as chiefly Redness, Tumor, or Inflammation in the Eye or great corner, or there is a bladder in the Eye, or unevenness in the Eye∣lids, or a corroding or excoriation, or ulcer, or wound in the Eye or Eyelids. These kinds of pain are accord∣ing to their accidents.

Itching in sound people coming from Wind or Watching, * 1.1 wil cause redness if it be rubbed. Also Prick∣ings are in the Eye alone without any other hurt, or with a Head-ach called Cephalalgia, where the pain comes to the roots of the Eyes. Also some have a twitching pain in their Eyes after sleep, before their Eyes are well opened, which hinders the motion of the Eyes.

When the pain is with Redness and without Tumor or Inflammation, * 1.2 it is called a false Ophthalmy, and it is red all over, or in part, or in the inside only of the Eylids Blood-shot, but the veins are not so swel∣led as in a true Ophthalmy; nor is there so great burning, but a cutting pain, or itching in the corners or the ed∣ges of the Eybrows, and it called Xenophthalmia. * 1.3 In this the Eyes are commonly moist, and the tears are first thin, and then thick. If they flow many and cause another Disease, it is called Epiphora, * 1.4 espe∣cially if pain be in the Eylids, or Taraxis or moist Blear-eyedness, in which at length is thick matter, and the corners are foul, and the Eyelids cling together, especially in sleep, and they cannot be opened til they are clensed. And there is sand in the corners, and it is called the Sclerophthalmy. * 1.5 Sometimes the Eyelids swell outwardly, and fall and rise. When the Eyes are red

and dry it is called Xerophthalmy and is either new or of long continuance, * 1.6 especially an Epiphory in which the Ey-lids are only red and wet and the Eye little offended. This is usual in old men and drun∣kards, and scarse to be cured in them, nor is it troubl∣some except it increase and bring another infirmity by Itching and shooting, these are called Lippi or blear-eyed. If Eyes be red and hotter only then ordinary, without pain, as when the body is hot it fall often out we shall speak of that in Deformity, by reason of the ill-favored sight of the Ey-lids turned out.

It is called a true Ophthalmy, when it is with a Tumor and redness, * 1.7 over all the white, and the Veins appear: when the Tumor is great tis called Chymosis. I have known it as big as my fist. In a true Ophthalmy there is great burning, * 1.8 so that the Eyes cannot be opened, but a true inflammation is seldom in the Eye∣lids.

Agilops is in the great corner of the Eye with tumor and redness, * 1.9 and pain of the Head, Temples and parts adjacent, and beating in the Eye. In this there is a red push in the middle, and a pricking pain, and I have seen their Ey-lids and Cheek inflamed therewith.

When there is a bladder or blister in the white of the Eye, * 1.10 it is red, and the part round about it. And if it be in the black of the Eye, it is not painful, but clear and shining called Phlyctaena. And there are o∣ther filmes and spots of that part that rather hinder the sight then cause pain.

Somtimes there is a sense of roughness in the side of the Ey-lids, * 1.11 especially when they are moved, and then there is com∣commonly somewhat in the Eye, and though it be out again, yet the roughness remaines.

Somtimes in the corners of the Eyes there is a cutting and itching pain with Excoriati∣on and sense of roughness. * 1.12 Dioscorides menti∣ons it, it is often in the side of the Ey-lids, and there is a scab and it is called Pso∣rophthalmia, * 1.13 but some call it a dry blearing, or Lippitude, or Xerophthal∣mia

There is often a pricking and itching pain in the great corner of the Eye, * 1.14 af∣ter an Egilops turned into an impo∣stum and broken. Hence comes a simple Ulcer, * 1.15 that hath concocted matter, or a creeping and malignant called Phagedaenicum, and the matter is somtimes Concocted and somtimes crude, somtimes it eats through the lower Ey-lid, and makes a Tumor in the Skin, which being broken, there is an Ulcer there also ful of the same matter. And when it enlarged, it is a Fistula called Lacrymalis or weeping. In this stinking matter flows through the next Nostril, * 1.16 and tears are still in the Eyes. Somtimes the little flesh of that Eye be∣ing consumed by the long malignity of the Ulcer, there is a little hole in the bone that weeps perpetually, and I have seen some of that thin bone with stinking matter fall forth. Of this we shall speak in deformity.

There is somtimes a pain in the bal of the Eye with an Ulcer, * 1.17 either superfi∣cial blood red and inflamed, or deep following Inflammations, that were Im∣postums, * 1.18 this because it is filthy and mat∣tery, is called Epicauma, and if the Lips be hard it is called Condyloma. This hea∣led leaves a scar, and when it gets into the hollow of the Eye, it causeth the humors to fal out somtimes, within four daies after the Inflamation, and we have seen the Crystalline humor upon a mans beard.

If there be a prick or cut in the Eye there is pain, with redness, * 1.19 weeping and som∣times true Inflammation. And if the wound peirce through the ball of the Eye, the humors of the Eye fall out and the Eye sinkes in. Also if any sharp thing fall into the Eye, the inside of the Ey∣lids may be wounded with pain and redness, as we shewed in Excoriation or rawness.

The Causes.

The Cause of all pain in any part of the Eye, is a disease in some sensible part of the Eye. For the out∣ward skin of the Eye, is very sensible under the Ey-lids, and there are many thick Muscles about the Eye, be∣sides which, the ball of the Eye, made of the horney Tunicle and other Membranes and ful of humors, (as we observe in the pricking of a Cataract without pain) there is no sense, except it be without in the Circum∣ference, by reason of the Tunicle called Adnata for whose cause pain, goes to the Ball of the Eye. The diseases that cause pain in these parts, are either distem∣per or afflux of a bloody waterish humor, or solution of continuity manifest, or hidden.

A simple hot distemper that yet hath caused no flux, * 1.20 causeth rather heat and itching then pain in the Eyes, but when pain comes there is a flux presently, as we may see in hot Diseases when they rub their Eyes, their Nose fals a bleeding. Also a cold distemper from cold Wind, especially, and the like causeth itching of the Eyes by biting. Also too much dryness makes itching and roughness in the Eyes, * 1.21 and therefore they who watch long either in or out of a disease, have itching Eyes, which they rubb, except heavi∣ness of Eyes, when sleep is at hand cause this itch∣ing.

If there be a hot distemper in the Eyes and Lids with a Flux of bloody humor, and redness, * 1.22 in regard the Inflammation is not true, the Oph∣thalmy will be false and not so strong as a true, and it will be moist from the tears, proceeding from the sensibility of the part, or dry when they are wanting, from the dryness of the brain, or it is called dry and hard, if the matter be sly∣my and produce some thing which glueth the Ey-lids together.

But if in this Flux of blood if it flow not only into the Veins but Tunicles and Ey-lids and cause a true Inflam∣mation, the Ophthalmy is called true, * 1.23 with greater accidents and stronger pain, with Head-ach somtimes by reason of the Con∣nexion and consent of the Pericranium with the adnate Tunicle: and the pain is greater when the blood flows into the Muscles of the Eyes, as into the horney Tunicle or under it. And the pain is greater, as the blood is

hotter, * 1.24 more Chollerick or sharp. When this fals into the great corner of the Eye inflaming it, there follows an Egilops. The cause of this flux of blood into the Eyes, is Plethory or abundance, or thinness, sharpness, or heat. When it is from plenty, it is called an Ophthalmy, from plenitude. Moreover if the Veins of the Eyes be disposed to receive this flux, by reason of their larg∣ness having been formerly filled therewith, the dispo∣sition of the Eyes is the helping cause. Also too much light which they cannot endure, who have an Ophthal∣my, they scarse open their Eyes and shut them soon. This is caused also from hot Air, and cold wind that nips the Eyes, or Smoak, or things fallen into them, for the Eyes cannot be safely touched by any thing, especially that is rough or sharp, as Pouders dust or flies. And crooked hairs in the Ey-lids cause the same. Also hot burning things, as Pepper, or sharp things, as Salt getting into the Eyes. Oyl and all unctious things burne, if they get into the Eyes. Great hurts or wounds cause a true and false Ophthalmy. And wee∣ping either makes an Ophthalmy or increaseth it, if the tears be sharp and hot. All these causes trouble in the Eyes, if they cause itching, and makes men rub, this rubbing may cause a new Flux.

A simple waterish humor, or mixt with Flgem fal∣ling into the Eyes or Lids causeth no great pain, if it be near to the Nature of water, but continual flux of tears and somtimes outward swelling of the Ey-lids, of this in the Chapter of Tears over-flowing. But if the humor be serous and partly salt it causeth some itching. * 1.25 If it be sharp and hot then there is an Epiphora, that is a pain redness, itching and burning and weeping in one or both Eyes, (for one suffers often with the other) This Epiphora, if it be ve∣ry painful, causeth a flux of blood and an Ophthalmy. Aboundance of this waterish humor in the heat within or without the Skul, is the material cause of this de∣fluxion, and many Excrements. The efficient cause that moveth the defluxion into this or that part, comes from the things that provoke the Eye either to natural tears or preternatural Tumors, of this we shall spake in the causes of blood-shot and tears.

All these are helped by the disposition of the Eyes to receive them, when they are made weak and loose by former Fluxes, hence it is that when this disease hath long continued and these causes met, they have alwaies red and wet Ey-lids, and somtimes ulcers and little pain but itching,

Some say pains of the Eyes may come from wind, but in regard wind can no way get into the Eyes, nor stay there, and if it were there, it cannot dilate the thick ball of the Eye, or cause pain being the part is insensible, I cannot allow it. But without the ball of the Eye, if vapors get between the Muscles, there is a loosness and a twinkling rather then pain, * 1.26 if they be not many, but if they be many, there may be a short twiching pain before the Eyes are opened, af∣ter sleep. As we shewed in the windy Cramp.

Solution of continuity causeth divers pains in the Eye. * 1.27 If it be hidden and only a twiching, not yet seperating any thing in the Eye it causeth itching and roughness, and if it continue and in∣crease pain, it causeth Ophthalmy and Epiphora. If the solution be manifest and the adnate Tunicle seperated from the Eye, * 1.28 it fils the part with water and causeth a Bladder. If the Tunicle be divided in the cor∣ners or the Ey-brows, there is Cor∣rosion, Scabs or Ulcers. If it be deep it causeth a simple or a hollow Ulcer, or Fistula, or Wound. All these have divers causes. Somtimes they come from outward hurts. As strong and hot rubbing, from itch∣ing causeth the Phlyctaenae and Excoriations of the Eyes. Things falling in, if they be rough, may not only ex∣asperate the Eye, but take of the Skin. Things that are sharp and burn also, do not only inflame, but take of the Skin and cause Phlyctaenae and Erosions, as the juyce of the wild Cowcumber. It often comes from strong Medicines that are used to take away spots, and all these Erosions may turn to true Ulcers. If things that prick or cut fal into the Eye, they may both disturb and wound it, as we see in the couching of a Cataract, there is Inflammation. Also Tears, and waterish hu∣mors that wet and provoke the Ey, do at length cor∣rode and cause Scabs in the Ey-brows, and Ulcers, as also diseases that went before, cause solution of conti∣nuity. As Phlyctaenae broaken leave excoriation behind them. A true Ophthalmy turns into an Impostume, when the Inflammation will not discuss, but supurate, which broken, there is somtimes a deep Ulcer. Also an Aegilops after the flegmon breaks, turns to an Ulcer, either simple or Malignant, as the blood is that caused the Inflammation, or hollow, if the matter be sharp and long kept, before the Impostume opened, corro∣ding within. And lastly if the Lips by continuance of the Ulcer be hard, or grown over with a Skin, there is a Fistula that descends into the Nose. And when the Caruncle, * 1.29 or bit of flesh in the Eye is consumed by sharp matter or Medicines, which they used to heal the Ulcer; the disease called Rhyas follows. And the thin bone adjoyning is eaten away and lost.

The Cure.

The Cure and Prognostick is according to the di∣vers Causes of these pains.

A Simple hot distemper without a Flux, * 1.30 that causeth itching and som∣times pricking, if it come in a Cepha∣lalgia, and the pain of the Head reach to the roots of the Eyes, must be Cured as the Head-ach. In these heat and redness and largness of Veins, in a critical day foretel bleeding at the Nose. But if the Eyes itch or be red from any other cause besides these diseases, as heat, violent motion, wind or watching, these causes must be removed, and the Air amended, and they are easily the cured.

A heaviness of Eyes and Lids after sleep, such as wrings them, and suffers them not to be easily ope∣ned foretelleth heaviness of head and aboundance of Vapors and Humors, these must be preven∣ted.

If a false Ophthalmy come from a Flux of blood there is little danger, except it turn true. But if In∣flammation of the Eyes follow, the true Ophthalmy is more dangerous, especially if a great Tumor cover the black of the Eye. That is worst which suppura•••••• and turns into an Imposthume, and so into an Ulcer, which if deep there is danger of loosing the Eye, also a

not suppurated Ophthalmy true or false if long of con∣tinuance, darkneth the Pupil, or leaves a spot, and cau∣seth dimness or blindness: But the Inflammation made in the outward corner of the Eye in an Aegilops, goes somtimes soon away, but neglected suppurateth and proveth a lasting and perverse Ulcer, which turns to a Fistula and is scarse cured.

An Epiphora also is very stubborn from a waterish humor, and continues many daies or months, some∣times a whol Winter, and in old Persons all their lives.

I have known Phlyctaenae or Pearls coming of out∣ward causes that were cleer and not red, to go away of themselves, and they which are red and painful, and break, leave excoriation behind them.

Excoriations and Scabs by reason of the moistness of the part, are not soon cured, and are worse if they ulcerate, if it turn mattery or callous, it is stubborn, and somtimes incurable, piercing the Eye, and putting it out, or covering it with a Callous or Scar.

When a Wound of the Eye pierceth the Cornea or horney Tunicle the humors fall out and the Eye sinks in and is blind. An outward or superficial wound turns to an Ulcer, hard or easie to be cured. A puncture causeth Inflammation if it be not looked unto.

As for the Cure. when any of these Diseases will not away of themselves, * 1.31 then have at the Causes, which either are exter∣nal as hard bodies that get into the Eye, or hairs of the Eye-brows, or Air, or Light, which molesteth. Or also from things taken in, or from motion extra∣ordinary of mind or body. or from filth or tears. If any of these Causes procure an Ophthalmy, or exulceration, or the like, or increase them, they must be removed, or amended, or prevent∣ed. But if an Ophthalmy come from a Defluxion of blood, or an Epiphora from a Defluxion of flegm•• or if the Eyes formerly weak have new Defluxions, then we must evacuate by opening a Vein or Artery, or cutting or burning of holes, or by Cupping, by Leeches, Frictions, or the like, or by Stool, Nose, Mouth, by Vomitting, Sweat, Urin, or derive the hu∣mor another way, and so consume it by things given or applied, and stop the flux to the Eyes by outward applications. But the cause of the Disease it self must be cured by Topicks to the Eye according to its con∣dition. All which shall be done as followeth by the order declared being appropriated to the Causes and to the Disease.

Things that get into the Eye, if they be thin, come out again of themselves, if they be more solid, they get out by the motion of the Eyes and Lids and tears that come from thence to wash them away. But if they stick, they must be taken out by Art.

This is done easiest when they are in the corners of the Eyes, and may be seen when the Eye is opened or the Eyelids lifted up, And then make a tent of Linnen and the like, and wipe them out.

But if they lie out of sight, or having been seen, re∣turn upon touching, or the motion of the Eye, then they must be taken out with smooth and slippery things put into the Eye, and by putting one Eyelid over the other, these are best when pouderous, as little small Pibbles or precious stones, as the Swallow stone which is made of Mamor, or the Jasperstone, or the Cray∣fish stones called Crabs-eyes, which seem to be made for that very purpose, to be put into the Eye, the one side being hollow or concave for the Ball of the Eye, the other convex for the Eyelid.

Rhasis saies this may be better done with a little Pen∣sil anoynted with Turpentine, drawn through the Eye under the lid, that they may stick unto it, and so be brought forth, but this way wil presently fail by the watering of the Eye.

Sneesing or often blowing of the Nose are good to shake out, or at least to remove things in the Eye, they appear to be strongly driven through the Nose, by which the Eyes are moved, and the tears provoked to wash them out.

For which Washing other things are good that pro∣voke tears, as of often motion of the Eye, when the Eyelids are kept open, this drives things out.

When crooked hair in the Eye-brows prick the Eyes by reason of some fire that singed or dried them, or the like, they must be cut off, and then they will grow bet∣ter, if the pores be not in fault, and then if they be, they must be constantly cut, or pul'd out, or the Eyebrows burnt, which being not to be done without pain, and seeing it is not decent to want hair upon the Eyebrows, they may be set right with the infusion of Gum tra∣ganth, Mastick, or the like, as some do their Musta∣choes to keep them out of their mouth, and which some take for an Ornament.

Hot Air, because it is naught for red inflamed Eyes must be tempered, or avoided, or changed, for cold Air which is good in this case: but very cold Air, espe∣cially with Wind, is hurtful in all Diseases of the Eyes. And Smoaks, especially of new quenched Lime which is sharp and pricks the Eyes, and very strong scents as Oyl of Spike, of stinking things or Jakes, all these are to be avoided in sore Eyes.

Also Brightness from flame especially, which cannot be endured, or from light at which the Patient is unwil∣ling to look. And therefore they ought to have a black Veil before the Eye if other things are not applied to keep away light.

Meats and Drinks must be avoided, that inflame the body and make the Face and Eyes red, as strong Wine, Onyons, Mustard and Radishes. And it is good in an Epiphora to keep a slender Diet, and abstain from Suppers.

Also 'tis hurtful to sore Eyes to move them much, to look too stedfast upon any thing, or to read or write much, or to move the Head too much, or hang down the Head: therefore let him stand upright, and sleep with his Face upward, on the contrary side. Also it is naught to rub the Eye, from which they hardly abstain.

Also to watch long, or lament, to cause crying and shedding tears; these all must be abstained from.

And from things that are apt to get in, as dust flies. And take heed what midicines are used, lest they be too sharp.

Also remove other Impediments as glewing of the the Eyelids together which is painful when they are o∣pened, the glew therefore slime or sand must be gently taken off with the hand, and Rose water if need be, in which some Mucilage or white of an Egg is.

Other filth that is in the Eyebrows before the Pupil especially to hinder the sight, must be gently thrust to the corners, and there taken out.

When tears flow, the less you wipe your Eyes if they be sore, the less you wil offend them, but if you must dry your Eyes, do it gently by pressing not wiping.

Blood-letting is good against sore Eyes if the pain comes from flux of blood thither, as in an Ophthalmy and Aegilops and in an Ulcer or Wound, when we fear a new flux of blood by reason of pain, especially if there be

Inflammation, and Plethory or fulness, then they must bleed much, and often in the same or divers veins. the Shoulder-vein in the Arm is opened for Revulsion or that which appears most, on the same side the Eye is sore while blood flows to the Eye according to the A∣rabians. also in the Thumb or Foot; some open that between the Shoulder-blades. When we intend to fetch the blood and derive it from the part where it is, we open nearer veins, as in the Forehead, Temples, or under the Tongue. Or some wil in the fore part of head. And it is good to take blood from the Nose any waies.

As we shewed in Head-ach opening of an Artery is excellent against an Opthalmy or great old pain of the Eyes, or an Epiphora which hath continued long: for when the serous humor descends by the outward Veins which causeth weeping there is a certain Cure.

Paracentesis or a Seton or opening of the skin of the Head at the root of the hinder part, and so putting a skein of Silk or Hair through it to keep it open, is the last Remedy in an Epiphora to divert the flux.

In a long flux whether Epiphora, or Ophthalmy, or the other, it is an excellent way to burn or cut an Issue in the Neck opposite against the sore Eye, or in the mid∣dle of the Nape, or in the coronal suture of the Head.

Cupping-Glasses are good in all fluxes, whether blood or water in the Eyes, alone or with Scarificati∣on, especially if it be blood, they must be applied to the sides of the Neck upon the Shoulders and Arms, and repeated often if need require, for they revel and derive mightily. Some highly esteem of Scarifying of the Ears on that side the Eye is sore,

I should like of better the making an Issue in that part of the Ear which the Greeks call 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 the La∣tines Hircus or Goat, and the same is excellent in an old Tooth-ach.

Leeches applied in Head-ach are as good as other bleeding.

And Friction of the body to revell.

Also to loosen the Belly with Clysters or Supposito∣ries to clense the Guts before bleeding, or with Laxa∣tives is good. These revell also if often given, they may be made more mollifying or sharper as you please as we shewed.

Also light purging to take away the binding of the Belly which hurteth the Eyes, and to take away the first excrements, must be given in all cases, as in In∣flammation lest stinking vapors should offend, but we must take heed of hot things in them, without cool to temper them. These are also good in a false Oph∣thalmy which hath no inflammation but heat and red∣ness, in which stronger may be used, especially in the progress of the Disease when tears begin to molest. Examples of these are in cholerick Diseases and in Head-ach from a hot cause, but add to them alwaies things proper for the Eyes.

Prepare first thus. Take syrup of Violets an ounce, sy∣rup of Water-lillies and of red Roses dired, each half an ounce; with Vervain, Rose and Plantane water make a Ju∣lep, drink it often.

Then purge thus. Take syrup of Roses an ounce and an hal, syrup of Violets an ounce, Diagridium two or three grains: with Endive and Rose water drink it.

Or, Take syrup of Roses solutive with the Infusion of Senna (which is thought proper for the Eyes) an ounce and an half: drink it with Whey.

Or, Take Cassia an ounce, Electuary of juyce of Roses two drams: with Sugar make a Bolus, or give it in Bugloss water.

Or, Take Rhubarb four scruples, yellow Myrobolans a dram: sprinkle them with Wine to take out the strength, then infuse them in Rose and Violet water: strain them and add syrup of Roses an ounce.

Or this Decoction. Take Fennel roots half an ounce, Cordial flowers a pugil, Fennel seeds half a dram, Violet seeds a dram, Tamarinds an ounce, Prunes six, yellow Myrobalans three drams, Senna two drams: boyl and dissolve syrup of Roses or Violets half an ounce.

The Pill Sine quibus (proper for the Eye) doth the same in half a dram.

If water flow to the Eyes and tears fall, we use stron∣ger purges, and hotter, especially in Epiphora or Oph∣thalmy when the humor is not so hot, and in Ulcers with Fluxes, as in the weeping Fistula: they are al∣most the same prescribed in melancholick and slegma∣tick Head-ach.

A Preparative. Take Honey of Roses an ounce, syrup of Bettony and Maiden-hair each half an ounce, with Celon∣dine, Bugloss, and Succory water, and a little Sanders give it, and repeat it.

Or When a Flux is more than heat. Take syrup of Hysop an ounce, of Staechas and Bettony each half an ounce; with Fennel, Vervain, and Eyebright water, make a Potion.

Then purge with cooling Purges while redness and heat remain, but if Flux and tears are most, use things to purge flegm, and if the Disease be old, Epiphora or Ophthalmy, or Ulcer, repeat them often.

These are the best Pils of Fumitory, Sine quibus or Lu∣cis majores a dram of either, with Eyebright, Vervain, or Fennel water, or syrup of Staechas. Or Pilcochie or Aggre∣gative may be given.

Or Diacarthamum, Diaphoenicon, or our Diacaryon and other purgers of flegm and water with proper waters for the Eyes.

Or this Decoction. Take Fennel roots an ounce and half, roots of Calamus and Liquorish, each an ounce, green Fennel, Eyebright, Vervain, Celondine, Fumitory, each a handful; Rue half a handful, flowers of Rosemary, Stoechas, and Roses, each a pugil; Fennel seeds and Siler montane, each two drams; Senna two ounces and an half; Cartha∣mus seeds bruised two ounces: boyl, and infuse in it hot Agarick three drams, Rhuharb two drams (this is used in watry fluxes (Spikenard half a scruple, strain them, and with Cinnamon and Sugar give it three mornings.

If this purgeth not sufficiently, give Pils.

We have shewed fit Purges for the Eyes in the Cure of slegmatick humors in the Brain, producing weak∣ness of sight.

And how the Head and Stomach is after to be strengthened.

In a hot Cause it is not good to purge by the mouth or Nose, for that wil inflame them, and cause bleeding and inflammation of the Eyes, nor sneesing which makes the Eyes red and weeping. In other cases when Tears are without Heat, or from Ulcers, things to chew called Masticatories, or Gargle called Gargarisms, draw Humors to the Mouth, by the Nose, from the Eyes: And so the Head is purged, and the Flux stopped, after other Purgings. These may be done by Errhines, or things to snuff, but that by Sneesing, they disturb the Eyes, for tears flow Naturally and preternaturally from the Eyes, through the Nose, and it is good to help it.

Sore Eyes are not to be clensed by Vomir, for by straining, the Blood flows to the Eyes, and Tears are produced, and the Cause is increased or renewed, and the Pain also.

Sweating is not good in hot Diseases of the Eyes, because the Eyes would be inflamed more by it, But if there be Ulcers without heat, and tears then Sweating

is good to dry the body and consume Excrements, and it may be often with sparing Diet.

In the declining of an Ophthalmy Baths are good to consume the reliques, and wine, though both are nought at first while the Eyes are hot.

It is good to provoke Urin to take away the cause and waterish humors. Therefore in Fistulaes of the Eyes, we give drinks that dry and provoke Urin.

Thus: Tansey, red Coleworts, Agrimony, male Fearn, Dropwort, burnet, Ceterach, each a handful, of Myrrh half a handful, roots of Lquorish an ounce, red Pease two pugils, boyl them, take it for five draughts, sweeten it with Su∣gar, give it for the weeping Fistula of the Eye.

We use things to consume the humors in the Head, in an Epiphera and Ulcer in the Eye. These dry and strengthen the Head inwardly and outwardly, such as we prescribed in diseases of the Head. Some are good to be lookt upon, and to be carried about, as in an Ophthalmy it is good to look upon an Agate and to carey a Dock root dig'd up in the Moon increasing, and to put the stone found in the Gall of an Ox into the Nose, as some think.

We stop the humor flowing to the Eyes, whether it be blood or water by the passages, and by coolers to strike them away, in an Ophthalmy or beginning of an Aegilops and in an Epiphora, and in other causes when a Flux is feared. They are applied near to, or upon the Eye, being first closed.

To the parts near which humors flow we apply these on that side the pain is, over all from one Ear to ano∣ther, if both Eyes suffer. Somtimes down upon the Cheeks. They are good in an Ophthalmy to asswage the force of the blood, appli'd upon the jugulars. And they are such as astring and dry and cool, and they are safer near then upon the Eye.

Epithems made of a cloth strained, from convenient Liquor or a Spunge spueezed that more get into the Eye are good in a true Ophthalmy, or in great heat. They repercuss more, when they are actually cold; but very cold as Snow must not be used, for it may hurt, and as I knew, make blind. They are mentio∣ned in hot diseases of the Head. Only leave out Oyls and Vinegar which hurt the Eyes. These may be ap∣plied to the Forehead or jugilares, and mixed with very cold things.

An Epithem of juyce of Plantane with the white of an Egg is good.

Emplasters, because they stick long and fal not into the Eye, may be applied to the said places. And re∣nued every third day if need be. As in other Defluxi∣ons.

Or thus: Take Mastick, Frankincense, Varnish, each two drams; Starch or finer Flour a dram, with the white of an Egg and infusion of Gum Traganth: make a Plai∣ster.

Another: Take Pitch and Oyl of Myrtles, Varnish, Frankincense: make a Plaster, this is good to the nape also.

Or this Astringent: Take Bole half an ounce, Dragons blood, conserve of Sloes, each two drams; Pomegranate peels and Galls, each a dram; make a Pouder, and with the white of an Egg and red Vinegar: make Emplasters for the Forehead and Temples.

A better: Take Bole, burnt Chalk, Blood-stone, each two drams; Vitriol half a dram, Asphaltum, Frankincense, Mastick, Varnish, each a dram and an half; Dragons blood, Conserve of Sloes, Acacia, Pitch, each a dram; flowers and peels of Pomegranats, Galls, Cypres nuts, each half a dram; Pouder them, and add Starch half an ounce, with infusion of Gum Traganth, the yolk of an Egg and Vinegar and Oyl of Roses: make a mixture.

Or a Plaister of Mastick, or that for the Rupture.

Some stop Fluxes with a scruple of Opium in one Pla∣ster, and if there be Head-ach we allow it to help, and for Poppy seed instead of white Poppy seeds, we mix syrup of Poppies.

The ordinary defensative is of Bole, Vinegar and whites of Eggs, this applied behind the Eares, is good also in an Ophthalmy.

Of these with Oyls, you may make Oyntments to anoynt about the Eye, especially if it swel they must be thick, that they may stick and not fal into the Eye, and used at nights when the Eyes are shut.

Such may be made of juyces without Pouders, least when the Oyntments are dry they fal into the Eyes: Take juyce of Plantane two ounces, red Vinegar an ounce, white Vitriol a scruple, Dragons blood, Acacia, Hypocistis or conserve of Sloes, Labdanum, each half a dram; dissolve them, and add white of an Egg and Oyl of Roses and a lit∣tle Turpentine.

Somtimes they are applied upon the closed Eye and Lids, for these are too strong to be put into the Eyes, and Astringents which would make Eyes rough, which ought to be smooth.

Or thus: Take fat Bole three drams, Barley flowers an ounce and an half, infusion of Gum Traganth in Myrtle or Rose water an ounce, Camphire half a dram, with Cream and juyce of Plantane, to keep it moist, make an Empla∣ster, apply it to the closed Eye.

Coolers do the same, as we shall shew for stop∣ping of blood at the first and after in stopping of Tears.

Topicks or Medicines applied to the Eye. Or put in to it, * 1.32 are either Simple waters, or mixed with others, called Colly∣ria are in form of Troches to be at hand for use: and they may be dropt in, injected or put in∣to the great corner of the Eye or upon the Ey-lids. Some have a Silver and Bone Pen, which they rowle in wet Pouders and put into the Eye, then they close the Ey-lids and draw it through leaving the Pouder behind. Somtimes we blow very fine Pouders into the Eye, ground upon a smooth stone, or a little Pla∣ster upon the great corner and the Nose. And others by way of Fomentation. these are divers in respect of the Cause and distemper, if from heat, cold, drouth, or in respect of the Flux of blood in an Ophthalmy, or Ae∣gilops, or of water, as in an Epiphora, or in respect of wounds, as in a Phlyctaena, Excoriation, Ulcer, Fi∣stula.

A simply hot distemper without Flux that causeth only itching, * 1.33 is cured by preventing a Flux with Cold and astringent things.

If they itch, and wax red from cold, add sharp things. These shall be mentioned in Ophthalmy and Epiphora.

If they itch, or are rough from dryness of the Ey-lids use Anodynes, and the Vapors of hot water into the Eye.

If the Eyes be heavy after Sleep, * 1.34 or contracted, open them by degrees and rub with a warm hand.

If an Ophthalmy, true or false, * 1.35 be with a Flux of blood, with or without In∣flammation, then use Topicks, first to allay pain and stop Flux, then to dry and after to degest, and last of all to discuss the re∣liques. Thus,

You must take away pain at first, not only because it is troublesom, but because it will bring a Flux, and also

cool and stop and allay the heat; use this or that as the pain or Flux most requireth.

Thus: Apply the white of a new laid Egg, beat to a froath, to take away pain by it self, or with others. Or that liquor that sweats out of a rosting Egg, or the yolk alone or both together rosted. The white boyled hard and beaten with Rose water, and applied like a Pultis doth best take away pain and heat.

And all sorts of Milk, especialy Womens, are Ano∣dyne.

Also Fresh Cheese, doth the same.

Or Veal new washed and applied, is a brave Empe∣rical Medicine.

Or the Papp of sweet Apples roasted, some think rotten Apples best. The Mandrake Apples, or love Apples do the same against pain, but to strike back the Flux use sharp Apples and Pears or Quinces, as the former.

Housleek, Purslane, Nightshade, Henban, Man∣drakes green, and bruised or heated in a cloth, take away pain, when applied. If you will bind, apply Plantane, Bramble and Mirtle leaves beaten or boyled. It is good to add Barley meal or bran to them, all to make them stick.

Rose water is in great use to cool, and if we will astringe, take the water of the green cups of Roses or of Plantane, Self-heal or Myrtle, or if you will abate pain use water of Purslane, Nightshade, or Strawberries, or the water of hard whites of Eggs.

When we will take away pain and heat toge∣ther.

First: Take the white of an Egg, with Rose water and Milk, beat them. And if you use the Decoction of white Poppies, 'tis better.

The second: Take Fenugreek seeds half an ounce, white Poppy seeds two drams: boyl in Rose water, and add the white of an Egg.

The third: Take crums of Bread steept in Rose water or Milk; apply it or drop the juyce of it.

The fourth, Use sweet Apples, so boyled. Or Bread and Apples.

The Chirurgions apply a Pill of Elder steept in Rose water.

Another Anodyne: Take Mucilage of Fleabane, Quinces, Fenugreek, Gum Arabick, or Traganth, dissolve it with Rose water and Milk.

If pain be great: Take Mucilage of Fleabane seed and Fenugreek, each an ounce; infusion of Gum Traganth, made in Rose water, whites of Eggs, each half an ounce; Camphire five grains, Opium two grains, Saffron a grain.

Or this Emplaster: Take crums of bread steept in Milk, Pap of sweet roasted Apples and Barley meal, each an ounce and an half; Mucilage of seeds of Fleabane and Fenu∣greek, each an ounce; two yolks of Eggs, Camphire half a dram, Saffron three grains, Opium two grains, Oyl of Roses, sweet Butter, or Cream six drams, the Unctious things are to keep the Medicines from being dry) make a Cata∣plasam and put to the closed Eye. Some apply it to the Forehead to ease pain, or mix cooling juyces, as of Purslane, Nightshade, if heat be great.

Or this Anodyne of Dioscorides: Take the yolk of an Egg roasted and with a little Saffron and Oyl of Roses, ap∣ply it to allay pain.

Or this: Take juyce of Chamomil and Melilot, each half an ounce; Womans Milk and whites of Eggs, each two ounces; Rose water an ounce, beat them, and wet a clout for the eyes, two grains of Opium added, will allay pain.

Or this Decoction to foment: Take flowers of Mal∣lows, Violets and Roses, each a pugil; Chamomil and Me∣lilot flowers, each half a pugil; Fenugreek seeed an ounce, Linseed and Fleabane seed, each two drams; white Poppy seed a dram, boyl them.

An Anodyne Cataplasme: Take Chamomil and Me∣lilot flowers, each a pugil; Fenugreek seeds an ounce, boyl them, and strain, add three ounces of crums of Bread, two yolks of Eggs, and a scruple of Saffron with a little Milk; make a Cataplasme:

When you desire rather to repel and astring then cool: Take Rose cup water two ounces, juyce of Plantane an ounce, whites of Eggs half an ounce, mix them, the juyce of Bramble berries added, doth repel also, if dry∣ed.

An astringent Decoction: Take Plantane, dryed red Roses, each a dram; flowers of Pomegranats two drams, boyl them in Rose and Plantane water.

When you will astring and also take away pain: Take Plantane, Purslane, (or Housleek in Winter) Nightshade, each half a handful; Rose and Violets, each half a pugil; Fleabane and white Poppy seed, each two drams; boyl them in Water, and two drams of Mandrake roots, will allay the pain sooner.

Or this Cataplasme: Take Pap of sower Apples or of Pares or Quinces, boyled in Rose and Plantane water, or the astringent Decoction mentioned, or Wine as Galen prescribeth, make a Cataplasm.

Or this: Take the Pap of boyl'd Quinces, or the other two ounces, Barley flowers an ounce, Sumach and Pome∣granate peels, each a dram; with the juyce of Purslane, Housleek and Plantane: make a Cataplasm.

Somtimes ad dryers, to the said repellers and Ano∣dynes to consume moisture, and when the heat is de∣creased and the disease, increase the quantity, and add digesters.

Eye-waters are madee of white Ceruss, thus: Take Ceruss washed with Rose water two drams, Plantane (or Myrtle water, if you will repel, or Womens Milk, if you will asswage pain) two ounces, whites of Eggs half an ounce, mix and apply them.

Or: Take washt Ceruss two drams, Mucilage of Flea∣bane and Quince seed, or Line, or Fenugreek six drams with Rose water and Milk.

The white Troches of Ceruss to make eye waters, are thus made: Take Ceruss washt half an ounce, Starch two drams, Gum Traganth, infused in Rose water half a dram: make Troches. If pain be great, add half a scru∣ple of Opium, dissolve these in Water and Milk, when you have occasion.

Add Sarcocol when you will digest, as in the Troches of Rhasis: Take washt Ceruss ten drams, Sarcocol steept in Womans Milk three drams, Gum Traganth a dram, with Rose water, make Troches, with a scruple of Opium, if you please.

Somtimes add Camphire: As, Take washt Ceruss two drams, Starch a dram, Mucilage of Fleabane, Fenugreek or Lin seed, each half an ounce; Sarcocal steept in Milk a dram, Camphire a scruple, Rose water two ounces, Milk and whites of Eggs, of each half an ounce; add six grains of Opium, or Decoction of Poppy, or Henbane, three or four grains of Saffron, in the increase of the Disease. 'Tis counted a Correcter of Opium, and will make the water yellowish.

Tutty is proper for the eye, and makes a good water, it is burnt and washt for that purpose: or thus, wash it in cold water, Pouder it, and steep it in juyce of Quin∣ces or in a Quince, and in a clout bake the Quince, and then infuse it in white Wine Vinegar, then dry and Pouder it, and put it into Rose water. Af∣ter Water, Make it to fine Pouder for your use.

It is thus used. Take Tutty prepared half a dram, Rose water an ounce, whites of Eggs beaten half an ounce.

With Camphire thus. Take Tutty prepared a dram, Camphire four grains, Plantane, Rose and Fennel water, each an ounce: mix them. a scruple of Sumach will make it stronger, half a dram of Sugar candy is good in the height of the Disease.

Galen makes a white eye-water with Ceruss thus. Take Tutty washed four drams, Ceruss a dram and an half; Starch and Gum Traganth, each a dram; with Rain-water make an Eye-water; add a dram of Opium in pains.

Or thus. Take Tutty prepared a dram and an half, Ce∣russ water a dram, Starch half a dram, mucilage of Faenu∣greek seeds half an ounce, Fennel water an ounce, Rose water two ounces, with half a scruple of Camphire.

In great pain a yellow Eye-water is thus made. Take Tutty burnt and washt in womans milk half an ounce, Ceruss wa sht an ounce, Gum Traganth a dram, Saffron two drams, Opium half a dram, with Rain-water mix them, use it with the white of an Egg.

The Oyntment of Tutty or Nihili are good for the Eyes also.

Or thus. Take Butter, or Hogs grease, or Oyl of Roses, well washt, or new, with white Wax or Oyntment of Roses or of Alablaster an ounce, Tutty prepared a dram and an half, Pompholyx half a dram, mix them, Camphire a scruple, Antimony half a scruple.

When we wil digest as in the beginning of the decli∣nation use these.

The yellow pouder of Sarcocol of Rhasis. Take Sarcocol five drams, Aloes washt in Rose water a dram, Tra∣gacanth half a dram, Opium half a scruple, and Saffron six grains.

Rose water, or Milk, or both having Frankincense quench∣ed in them, is good for the same.

Or this Eye-water. Take Frankincense half a dram, Sarcocol a dram and an half, Aloes half a dram, Saffron half a scruple, Mucilage of Faenugreek seeds half an ounce, Eye∣bright and Rose water, each an ounce and an half, with Fen∣nel water in the declining of the Disease.

The Eye-water of Rhasis digests also and ripens. Take Frankincense five drams, Sarcocol and Ammoniacum, each two drams and an half; Saffron a dram, with juyce of Fennel apply it.

When we wil dry more if there be pain, use this of Galen. Take Frankincense and Tutty, each five drams; Ceruss ten drams, Gum Traganth and Opium, each a dram and an half: make it with Rain-water, somtimes he ads Pompholyx.

To dry and digest. Take Sarcocol a dram and an half, Tutty prepared a dram, Aloes a scruple, Myrrh a scruple, Mucilage of Foenugreek seed half an ounce, Vervain water two ounces, Fennnel water an ounce.

If heat remain. Take Sarcocol four drams, Tutty pre∣pared two drams, Aloes a dram, Sugar candy a dram and an half, Camphire four grains, Saffron thrree grains, Rose water four ounces: mix them and shake often.

In red Itching Eyes. Take Tutty prepared half a scru∣ple, Aloes and Sugar, each five drams, Camphire two grains, white Wine and Fennel water, each two ounces: mix them.

To discuss the remainder in the declination use

This Fomentation. Take Eyebright and Pennyroyal, each a handful; Chamomel, Melilot flowers, and red Roses, and Oat chaff, each a pugil: Foenugreek seed two drams, Fennel seed a dram: boyl them, add a little Wine, dip Clouts and apply to the Eyes. The Fume of the De∣coction is also good.

Or this Cataplasin. Take Southernwood a handful, Chamomel flowers a pugil, Foenugreek seeds an ounce, muci∣lage of Foenugreek seeds an ounce, Fennel seeds a dram, Cum∣min seeds half a dram: boyl and bruise them, add Bean flower an ounce, mucilage of Foenugreek and Line seeds each half a dram; Saffron a scruple, with Milk make a Cata∣plasm.

To strengthen the Eye, use astringent Wine and Fen∣nel water last of all.

A roasted Egg or Apple laid hot to the Eyes takes out the remaining redness.

If the Inflammation Imposthumeth it must be ripe∣ned with a Plaster upon the Eye thus. Take Marsh∣mallows a handful, Chamomel flowers a pugil: boyl them in Milk, beat and add Barley meal and Foenugreek seeds, each an ounce; with Oyl of Chamomel make a Cata∣plasm.

The Eye-water of Rhasis and Oyntment of Tutty doth the seme.

When the Imposthume is broken, cure the Wound as followeth.

If an Aegilops come from cholerick blood in the great corner of the Eye, * 1.36 you must apply things used in the Ophthalmy if there be an Inflammation that repel and take away pain, and then discuss the Tumor with eye∣waters there mentioned which dry and digest, before it come to suppuration, which is sooner when there is little or no inflammation, and the Tumor came by de∣grees.

A Discusser. Take Plantane, Mallows, Chamomel with the flowers: bruise them and with kernels of old Walnuts, make a Cataplasm for the corner of the eye. if you add a little Salt and Hen-dung it wil be better.

The herb Aegilops bruised is good also according to Dioscorides.

Others use Emplaster Diapalma, Divinum, and Cero∣niacum.

If the Tumor imposthumate it must be presently opened, lest the matter retained corrode and cause a hollow Ulcer. Then Cure the Ulcer as we shal shew in Ulcers.

If there be an Epiphora from a wate∣rish humor falling upon the eye-lids chiefly, * 1.37 with redness, Heat, and Itching and pain, we must at the first stop the flux, and abate pain and itching with medicines mentioned in Oph∣thalmy, and with those we must mix afterwards things that dry up moisture, which is plentiful in this case, and use eye-waters of Ceruss and Tutty there menti∣oned.

When Epiphora lasteth long, and there is a weeping, itching and redness without burning we must use stronger Dryers.

As against Itching. Take Ant••••ony prepared half a dram, Rose and Fennel water each two ounces; use it strai∣ned.

A Pouder. Take Lapis Calaminaris a scruple, Tutty prepared a dram, Coral and rinds of Myrobalans torrefied or parched, each a scruple; make a Pouder for the Eye.

Or this. Take Antimony prepared half a dram, Tutty prepared a dram, Coral three drams, Pearl two scruples, the crystal humor of the Eyes of boyled fishes half a scruple: make a fine Pouder.

An eye-water of Blood-stone. Take Blood-stones, Antimony washed, each a dram; Tutty prepared two drams, Lapis Calaminaris a scruple, Aloes a dram, Camphire a scru∣ple, burnt Stones of Myrobalans half a dram, Pomegranate∣wine two ounces, Rose water four ounces.

To digest also. Take Antimony washt, Tutty prepared, each a dram; Myrrh, Aloes, each a scruple; Saffron half a scruple: dissolve them in Fennel and Eyebright water with a little Wine,

Use Fumes also of such things as dry without biting or sharpness, as of Frankincense, Pitch, and the like, but be wary.

A Fume of boyled Salt, drieth well, without any bi∣ting.

Then are stronger drying eye-waters of sharp Juyces to be used, when the Epiphora is stubborn, and itcheth much, which is helped with sharp things which exaspe∣rate pain in other Diseases.

As a little white Vitriol dissolved in Rose water, it is good in Itching, and Redness, and Heat, the Ger∣mans call this Augstein, some apply a little of it in In∣flammations, the Chymists use a drop of Oyl of Vitri∣ol in Water, others the Salt of white Vitriol in Water.

Another. Take white Vitriol half a scruple or twelve grains, Tutty prepared half a dram, whites of Egs hard four, in a Clout bruise them, adding by degrees Rose water four ounces: make Philtration, use this Water cold to the eyes.

Another. Take white Vitriol half an ounce, whites of Eggs fifteen, water a pint: mix and boyl them, then in a Glass, add Camphire tied in a clout one dram.

Or thus. Take white Vitriol two grains, Camphire four grains, Tutty prepared half a scruple, white Pompholyx six grains, Rose water an ounce, Fennel water an ounce: make an Eye-water.

Or: Take white Vitriol two drams, Camphire half a dram, Tutty prepared one ounce, Aloes a dram, Sugar candy two drams: make a Pouder, mix it with Rose, Fennel, Ver∣vain, Celondine water, and a little Wine.

If you fear burning add Narcoticks: as, Take white Vitriol, Tutty each a dram; Nutmeg half a dram, Sugar half an ounce, white Wine two ounces, Cel ondine water a pint: boyl, strain, and keep them for your use.

Or thus. Take white Vitriol half a dram, Camphire a dram, Tutty prepared two drams, Ginger, Cloves, each half a dram; pouder them, and add old white Wine in which a Gad of Steel was quenched an ounce, Rose water, Fennel, and Celondine water each two ounces: boyl or steep, and then strain and keep them for your use.

An Eye-pouder. Take white Vitriol half a scruple, Camphire a scruple, Tutty two drams, Pompholix, Ceruss, Lapis Calaminaris, Coral, Mother of Pearl, rinds of yellow Myrobalans each half a dram; Aloes, Myrrh, each a scru∣ple; Sugar candy a dram, Ginger, Cloves, each a scruple: make a Pouder, and put a little thereof into the Eye.

An experienced Oyntment. Take Verdegrece twelve grains, Camphire a dram, Tutty prepared half an ounce, fresh Butter with Rose water boyled a little, six drams: mix them for an Oyntment, put as much as a Pease in the corner of the Eye. and anoynt the Ey-lids. This is a singular ex∣periment against Epiphora and Itching.

A Verdegreece water very excellent. Take a Bar∣bers Bason and anoynt it with Honey, and turn it with the mouth downward upon Sheeps Dung for fourteen daies, and keep ripe Bramble berries in a Glass close stopt in a Horse Dunghil, after fourteen daies wash the Bason with the Bram∣ble berries, and strain the Berries, and mix with the Li∣quor a little Camphire and white Vitriol.

Another. Take a Bason, put therein six ounces of Bramble berries, Salt two ounces, one above the other in rows, keep them in a Celler three weeks, then strain the Liquor from them, and let it settle til the Salt be at the bottom, and pour it off, and do the same the second time til no Salt remain, put this Water into a Tinn Vessel that it may be sweet kept for your use.

If the tunicle of the eye called Ad∣nata separated from the Cornea raise a Blister full of Water, * 1.38 whence cometh also pain and redness, the pain must be abated, the humor stopt, and the Flux dried, as in Epiphora, and by the medicines mentioned in Ophthalmy. If it break and leave a Corrosion, it must be cured as a Corrosion, with medicines that dry without biting, mentioned in Ophthalmy and Epiphora, and such as we shal shew in Ulcers.

If after the tunicle of the Eye is taken off, * 1.39 there follow a roughness of the eye-lids, and there be also redness, heat, and pain, we use the same Remedies mentioned in Oph∣thalmy, then we dry strongly if it cause no pain, with things mentioned in Ophthalmy increased, and shall be mentioned in Ulcers. Or with these.

Tutty prepared with juyce of Quinces and Vinegar and laid in Pouder upon the eye-lids, cures the Scabs and Roughness.

Or this Pouder. Take Tutty prepared a dram, Egg∣shels steept in Vinegar half a dram; Cuttle bone a scruple: make a Pouder.

A third Pouder. Take Tutty prepared a dram, Pumice stone half a dram, Coral burnt and washed a dram: make a Pouder.

An Oyntment. Take Tutty prepared, Acacia, each a dram; Blood-stone and Antimony, each half a dram; mix them with Gum Traganth, or Honey, or Pomatum: a∣noynt the Eye-lids.

Another: Take Tutty prepared, Ceruss washt, Mar∣chasites quenched in Vinegar, each a dram; Hypocistis, Frankincense and Antimony, each half a dram; burnt Ivo∣ry, Pumice stone and Cuttle bone, each a scruple; Pouder them.

After, use sharp Medicines.

The Remedy of Dioscorides. Take Juyce of Onions and burnt Ivory equal proportions.

Another: Take the Gall of a Tench, or other Fish, and Cuttle-bone equal parts.

Dioscorides useth the Milk of Figs, but because it ulce∣rateth, Tutty and other Driers must be added.

Use also the Medicines mentioned in Epiphora made of Vitriol and Verdegreece.

Somtimes the Scab is taken away with a Rag or rough Leaves til the blood cometh and then we use Driers afterwards.

If a true Ulcer follows excoriati∣on, * 1.40 or be left in an Ophthalmy after an Imposthume, then first clense, and after dry, and make a Scar.

Use gentle Clensers, if the Ulcer be not foul, and stronger, as Causticks if foul, or the Lips hard, such as as we shewed in films of the eye and weakness of Sight.

The gentle are such. Take Goats or Womans milk an ounce, Sugar candy a dram and an half, Myrrh a scru∣ple.

Or: Take Honey water distilled an ounce, Sugar candy half a dram, Lizards dung half a scruple.

Water distilled from Turpentine is good.

A strong Clenser and Healer. Take Turpentine half a dram, a yolk of an Egg, beat them, and add Plantan and Rose water.

If you need stronger, use those mentioned in a Fistu∣la of the Eye.

After all those use Driers mentioned in Epiphora, or the Oyntments to the Eyes and Eyelids.

A white drying Medicine. Take Ceruss washed in Plantane water a dram and an half, Starch a dram, white Coral and Harts horn burnt and washed, each half a dram; the mucilage of Comphrey half an ounce, with the juyce of the Grinding of the Stone Galactides, with Rose water: mix them.

A red drying Oyntment: Take juyce of Hypociflis, Dragons blood, each half a dram; Aloes a scruple, Myrrh half a scruple, barke of Frankincense half a dram, infusion of Gum Traganth in Plantane water half an ounce, the juyce of Blood-stone, ground with water of Horstaile, as much as is fitting.

A black drying Eye-water: Take the soot of burnt Pitch as much as a Hazel-nut, and Oyl as much, mix them with the yolk of an Egg. This Dioscorides approves against corroding of the corners of the Eyes.

Or: Take soot of burnt Pitch and Turpentine as for∣merly and Acacia, each half a dram; the white of an Egg beaten half an ounce, with syrup of dryed Roses: mix them.

Another Eyewater: Take Sarcocol, Frankincense, each half a dram; Mirrh, Aloes, Lycium, each a scruple; Tutty prepared half a dram, Antimony a scruple, mix them Pou∣dered with Honey of Roses.

A stronger: Take Tutty prepared a dram, Antimony a scruple, Brass, Lead, Coral, Hearts-horn, all burnt and washt with Horse-tail water, each half a dram, Sugar two scruples, mix them, with the white of a hard Egg.

Rhasis his Eye water of Lead, good in suppuration after Inflammation and in an Ulcer: Take burnt and washt Lead, Antimony, Pompholyx washt, burnt Brass, Gum Arabick, Traganth, each three drams and an half; Opium half a scruple and six grains, Pouder them, and use them in Rain water.

Eleiser, or the Eye water of Rhasis, good when we fear the Pupil will come forth, after an Inflammation and Ulcer: Take Antimony and Blood-stone, each five drams; Acacia a dram and an half, Aloes half a dram, mix them with juyce of Quinces.

Rhasis his Eye-water, called Polycrestum, that makes flesh in Ulcers, and keeps the pupil from coming forth and cleanseth scars: Take Tutty, Pompholyx, Ceruss wa∣shed, Antimony, Frankincense, each a dram; Mirrh half a dram, Sarcocol two scruples six grains, Cinnabar, Aloes, O∣pium, each half a dram.

An Ulcer after an Impostume in an Aegilops, * 1.41 is to be cleansed and dryed, as we shewed in the Ulcers of the Eye, choosing the strongest meaus, because the water and filth still gathereth to the part.

This is done well by a Lixivium, to wash or squirt into it, though it come out at the Nose, any Lixivium or Lye made of Ashes or burnt bones, will do it, using stronger or weaker, as you may know by the sliminess of it.

Also use Urin used in the same manner.

A stronger Lixivium: Take Lixivium a pint and half, Rose-vinegar half an ounce, Pomgranate flowers and Galls, each half an ounce; Rue half a handful, boyl and use them.

Another: Take Lixivium half a pint, Allum half a dram, white Vitriol a scruple, these must be moderated, as you find occasion.

A drying cleansing Decoction: Take roots of Snak∣weed, Tormentil, Moulin dryed, each half an ounce; Agri∣mony a handful, Rue, Chamomil, each half a handful; an old Nut kernel, Pomegranate flowers and Galls, each half an ounce, boyl them in red Wine, add a little red Vine∣gar.

A clensing Oyntment: Take Aloes a dram, Myrrh half a dram, Honey a dram, Gall and Saffron, each half a scruple; with Turpentine: make an Oyntment.

Another: Take juyce of Plantane and Agrimony, each an ounce; juyce of Rue, red Vinegar and Honey, each half an ounce; Oyl of Roses an ounce, boyl them thick, and with a little Turpentine, make an Oyntment.

An Oyntment to heal, a cleansed Ulcer: Take Antimony, Lead, burnt and washt, Tutty, Litharge, each a dram; burnt Allum two scruples, Verdugreece half a scruple, Blood-stone a dram, Dragons blood, Aloes, dissolved in Vi∣negar, each half a dram; round Birthwort two scruples, burnt Ivory and Coral burnt, each a scruple; with Honey and Turpentine: make an Oyntment.

Or thus: Take filings of Iron a dram, and burnt Chal∣cities half a dram, burnt Lead and Antimony, each two scru∣ples; with Butter and white Wax: make an Oynt∣ment.

A good Plaster to Cure the Ulcer: Take Bole a dram and an half, Dragons blood, Mummy, Acacia, Hypo∣cistu, Frankincense, Mastick, each half a dram; Acron cups, round Birth-wort, Gall and Cypress nuts, each two scruples; with Ising-glass, infused in Vinegar: make a Plaster: apply a little Plaster to the corner of the Eye.

If there be a Fistula that weeps alwaies, * 1.42 then take of the Callus with that part of the bone that is foul, and then fill up the Cavity with flesh, with as little scar as may be.

Aegyptiacum takes away a Callus, put in often with a Tent. Or other Oyntments of Verdigreece, or a little qualified Aqua fortis, or sublimate water boyled, or sublimate it self put in, and the like, as here∣after.

I have used my Caustick, which causeth no pain and it hath caused an Eschar. But an actual Cautery doth it sooner, if the bone be foul. Which you may know by opening the flesh with your Lancet. It must thus be burnt, first defend the Eye with a Linnen cloth dipp'd in whites of Eggs, and Rose water, and with a silver spoon, and then conveigh a red hot Iron with a round head, through an Iron quil, to the part, once or twice, til the Eschar fals off, use Mucilages with yolks of Egs and Butter.

Then increase Flesh: As, Take Birth-wort roots, Orris and Frankincense barke, each a dram and an half; Myrrh, Mastick, Sarcocol, Aloes, Lapis Calammaris, each a dram, with Honey and a little Verdigreece: make an Oyntment.

I have seen in this Disease, being old and above a years continuance, that a piece of the bone, with the stinking flesh hath fallen off, of it self, into the Nostrils and neither tears, nor matter, hath often come forth at the Eye. But through the Nose and the part hath been healed up.

If the Eye be hurt from a stroak or wound, you must presently use things to stop blood, dryers and healers. The blood of a Pidgeon, or Hen, or Turtle, put into the Eye stops bleeding.

And this: * 1.43 grind Brim-stone with Milk, put it into the Eye.

Or: Take the red juyce of Blood-stone ground with Milk an ounce, the white of an Egg beaten half an ounce, juyce of Hypericon a dram, Frankincense half a dram, add a little Opium, if then pain'd.

Then: Take the white of an Egge beaten, the Mucilage of Comfrey roots, each half an ounce, Ceruss and Tutty washed in Plantane water, each half a dram; Antimony a scruple, water of St. Johns-wort and Steel'd water, of each an ounce.

Then Cure the Ulcer, as we shewed in Ulcers.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Itching, Pricking, or contraction of the Eye alone without other sign.
• * 1.2

  A false Oph∣thalmy or pain in the Eye.
• * 1.3

  Xenophthalmy is a kind of false Oph∣thalmy.
• * 1.4

  Epiphora is a kind of Pseudophthalmy. Taraxis or Bleard∣eyedness.
• * 1.5

  Sclerophthalmy a kind of Epiphora.
• * 1.6

  Xerophthalmy, is a kind of false Ophthalmy.
• * 1.7

  A true Oph∣thalmy.
• * 1.8

  Chymosis a sort of Oph∣thalmy.
• * 1.9

  Agilops.
• * 1.10

  The blisters in the Eyes.
• * 1.11

  Roughness in the Eyes.
• * 1.12

  Scabs of the Eyes.
• * 1.13

  Dry Lippitude called Xeroph∣thalmia.
• * 1.14

  Ulcers in the great corner of the Eyes.
• * 1.15

  A malignant Ulcer in the great corner of the Eye.
• * 1.16

  The weeping Fistula in the great corner of the Eye.
• * 1.17

  Ulcers in the ball of the Eye.
• * 1.18

  Epicauma and Condy∣loma, what.
• * 1.19

  Worms in the Eyes.
• * 1.20

  A hot cold or dry distemper causeth itching or pric∣king in the Eye.
• * 1.21

  Dryness caus∣eth roughness of of the Eye.
• * 1.22

  A hot distemper with a Flux of blood, is the cause of an Ophthalmy not true.
• * 1.23

  Inflammation of the Eye caus∣eth a true Oph∣thalmy.
• * 1.24

  Inflammation of the great cor∣ner of the Eye is the cause of Agilopy.
• * 1.25

  A Flux of water to the Eye, causeth itching and Epiphora.
• * 1.26

  Vapors cause Convulsion, or Contraction of the Eyes.
• * 1.27

  Twitching of the Eye causeth itching rough∣ness Ophthalmy and Epiphora.
• * 1.28

  Solution of conti∣tuity, if manifest, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the cause of blad∣ders, roughness, Ul∣cers, Fistulaes and wounds in the Eyes.
• * 1.29

  Rhyas, is the consuming of the little bitt of flesh in the Eye.
• * 1.30

  Prognoflicks in all Eye sores.
• * 1.31

  All kinds of Eye-sores as Itching, Puncture, Ophthalmy true or false, Aegilops, Rough∣ness, Scabs, Ulcers, Wounds, Fistulae's are cured by taking a∣way the Cause.
• * 1.32

  Topicks in all kind of sore Eyes.
• * 1.33

  The Cure of itch∣ing or pricking in the Eye.
• * 1.34

  The Cure of Contraction in the Eye.
• * 1.35

  The Cure of true and false Ophthalmy.
• * 1.36

  The Cure of an Aegi∣lops.
• * 1.37

  The Cure of Epiphora.
• * 1.38

  The Cure of the Bladder in the Eye.
• * 1.39

  The cure of rough∣ness, and taking off the Tunicle of the Eye.
• * 1.40

  The cure of an ul∣cer in the Eye.
• * 1.41

  The Cure of an ulcer in the corner of the Eyes.
• * 1.42

  The Cure of the weeping Fistula.
• * 1.43

  The Cure of Wounds in the Eyes.