Platerus golden practice of physick: fully and plainly discovering, I. All the kinds. II. The several causes of every disease. III. Their most proper cures, in respect to the kinds, and several causes, from whence they come. After a new, easie, and plain method; of knowing, foretelling, preventing, and curing, all diseases incident to the body of man. Full of proper observations and remedies: both of ancient and modern physitians. In three books, and five tomes, or parts. Being the fruits of one and thirty years travel: and fifty years practice of physick. By Felix Plater, chief physitian and professor in ordinary at Basil. Abdiah Cole, doctor of physick, and the liberal arts. Nich. Culpeper, gent. student in physick, and astrology.

CHAP. V. Of Breathing Depraved.

The Kinds,

WE call it a Depraved Respiration which is evil, either too much, or disorderly, not only without the evil, or involuntary. But Voluntary.

Respiration is involuntary, when Inspiration, or Breathing in is too quick or too great, or when Expi∣ration or Breathing out is violent or interrupted, too short or too long, in divers kinds, either with divers noises, or with manifest voiding. These in sound men are from smal causes, and are but light afflictions: but somtimes they are greater and fortel Diseases, or are constant, and Symptoms of Diseases, and if great Ex∣cretions are voided they are referred to that Head.

Often and quick respiration when the Air is suddenly drawn in and suddenly sent out, * 1.1 may be in some men, and be also the Symptom of a Disease.

Great Respiration in Sighing in which the Air is attracted with great labor and thrown out again with a lamentable sound, * 1.2 may be in the sound, and sick.

There is great Respiration in Yawning, * 1.3 or Oscitation, in which the Mouth is wide opened, and the Air drawn in much, and presently sent out with a doleful sound. With this Pandiculation is commonly joyned, as we shewed. They are both in the sound, and sick.

In the Hicket there is a short and interrup∣ted Respiration, * 1.4 the Air breaking forth with a sound in a moment. It is in sound people; and in sick a dangerous accident, and holds many hours.

In Neesing, * 1.5 there is a sudden sending forth of Air with more force and noise and a sha∣king of the whol Body. It is many times to∣gether somtimes, causing Tears and throwing out what∣soever is in the Jawes, or Nostrils. It foreruns Catarrhs and great Diseases, as the Falling-sickness somtimes. Hence come the crying of God bless you, at that time as we shewed in Epilepsie. It somtimes follows Dis∣eases, and puts an end to them, and in some people it comes upon a slight occasion.

In a Cough the Air is thrown out with as much force as the other, * 1.6 and with a noise but chiefly from the Mouth, it is somtimes long somtimes short and returns, usually sending hu∣mors to the Mouth that are spit forth afterwards, then it is called a moist Cough, as that in which nothing is voided, is called a dry Cough, and if it be smal, Tussi∣cula, or a Kecking. But if it be vehement it causeth Vomiting, Weeping, and Hoarsness by clamor, or takes away the Voice: And if it continue it causeth pain in the Breast and Belly by the shaking thereof. This Cough may be in some Men from outward causes, but in old men it is so usual that it seems a Natural Excre∣tion. In many Diseases it is troublesome and the chief Symptome.

There is a more strong and continued sending forth of wind in belching, * 1.7 in sound and sick, it is stinking or otherwise.

In Vomiting, * 1.8 there is breathing forth with greater straining, somtimes without matter sent forth, and it is the Symptom of many Diseases, lasting long and much afflicting.

There is also a Voluntary sending forth of Air from the Mouth and Nose in Vo∣ciferation or hollowing and in Anhelati∣on which is hot breathing, * 1.9 and Exsufflati∣on which is cold breathing.

Emunction, * 1.10 or blowing of the Nose is voluntary with force and Noise, sending forth Air, and Humor; with holding of the Nose that the part being strightned, the sending forth may be more violent: or else the Nostrils are open and the matter is snuffed out.

We cast out Humors voluntarily, * 1.11 also by spitting with the Mouth contracted that the Wind may be stronger. And by Hawking we ferch it out of the Jawes into the Mouth, * 1.12 and so squirt it forth. These two are som∣times Symptomes of Diseases. Somtimes sound men have them from plenty of Humors in the Jaws; or from custom. As when Oratours spet at every ful point.

Hoarsness, * 1.13 is when the Voyce is rough and unequal. The Articulate Voyce or Speech is sent forth badly, * 1.14 when men Stemmer in pronouncing some Letters: But when they cannot speak them plainly it is to be re∣ferred to Speech diminished, as we shewed in the defect of Respiration. But when there is no defect but they pronounce some Letters with a double sound, as R. then it belongs to Depraved Speech.

The Causes.

All the Causes of all the Kinds of Depraved Respi∣ration are from the Heart and Organs of breathing. Respiration, and especially Inspiration is from the Heart to get vital Spirits. And it is enlarged if there be not sufficient Air: or when the Spirits are moved vehemently.

If the Heart be deprived of Air by respiration intermitting, * 1.15 which the heart must have for the genera∣tion of vital spirits: then to reco∣ver what was lost it fetcheth a great Inspiration or Sigh; by which the Air being largely attracted, the Defect is made up. Respiration is in∣termitted when the mind through affection is so in∣tent

upon other things, that it forgets breathing til ne∣cessity constrains it and makes it greater.

The Cause of sighing or great Inspiration, is the too much commotion of the spirits of the heart, by reason the preturbation of mind with Pain, Oppression and Suffocation, of as we may perceive in passions. For thereby the heart is cooled and refreshed, as we per∣ceive plainly in sighing. And this is the cause rather, than intermission, and forgetfulness, in regard in the night when we think of nothing we breath suffici∣ently.

Vehement motion of the whole body, * 1.16 as Running, Climing up a hil, which dissipate the spirits, is the cause of quick respiration to restore them, not only to cool the heart, for respiration may be from motion without heat.

Respiration is quicker if the bo∣dy grow hot with too much pain whereby the Spirits are more con∣sumed, * 1.17 especially when the heart is hot also, as it may be by hot houses, as wel as motion, also by violent motions of the mind, as Anger, Joy, and Feavers, in which one Symptom is short breath∣ing.

And if the Organs of breathing are burdened or pro∣voked, the expiration is greater.

We shewed in depraved moti∣on how the Organs of breath, * 1.18 be∣ing burdened with vapors, and de∣siring to relax themselves cause oscitation and pandiculation,

The Organs of Respiration being molested cause blowing or exsufflation, when any of them being very sensible, as the Membrane in the Aspera Arteria, Lungs, Nostrils, Mouth, Jaws, Throat, Stomach, Guts and Midriff is offended, whereby they labor to blow forth what hurts them, and then the blowing is more or less according to the part affected. And we shal now shew how it may come from divers causes, splendor, vapor, air, humors.

As a great Light as that of the Sun by disturbing the Eyes causeth tears: * 1.19 so it causeth snezing, by affecting the sensible Tunicle of the Nostrils with which that of the Eyebrows hath consent, in those that have thin humors or exqui∣site sense of those parts.

A sharp scent or vapor, as that of Gar∣lick, * 1.20 Onions, Mustard, Radish, caus∣eth Tears and Neezing by pricking the Membrane of the Eyes and Nose.

Much cold Air drawn in, * 1.21 that molesteth the Tunicle of the Jawes and rough Artery causeth a dry Cough with Hoarsness, when by binding and drying it exasperateth and maketh rough the parts that should be smooth and slippery. And then the Voice is lost, and by causing a Defluxion, it may by accident produce a moist Cough.

Cold Water drunk much doth the same, and astrin∣gents much used.

If humors or other thick bodies fall into the rough Artery (being it is of exquisite sense, * 1.22 and cannot so much as have a touch of them) a cough is caused, and it is greater if the things be rough or sharp. As it is when in eating or drinking any thing goes the wrong way in at the La∣rynx or Wind-pipe; as it often happens to them that speak when they are eating, which enlargeth the wind∣pipe, Water, Wine, or a crum of bread gets in, or the like which cause coughing by which they are sent out at the mouth or Nose. Also dust or pouder may be drawn into the Wind-pipe and cause the same.

And if the like be snuffed or drawn into the Nose with the breath, * 1.23 being sharp and pricking they cause neesing, as Pepper, Pel∣litory, Hellebore, or sharp juyces. And if they get into the Wind-pipe with the Air, they cause coughing.

Also things that burn the Jaws, * 1.24 and prick the mouth, chewed or held therein provoke spittle, as Pel∣litory, Stavesacre, and the like.

A watry humor, thin, or thick, * 1.25 simple, or mixed with choler, which is salt, or is chewed in a Catarrh, if it fall into the Wind-pipe, it caus∣eth a Cough which is greater, according to the quanti∣ty or sharpness of the humor. And it continues when the Flux continueth, and is rather dispersed than sent forth by coughing.

All these are milder when the humor is watery, and not sharp, as when it falls at night only, and is easily spit up the next morning.

Also the same humor falling from the head into the mouth or Wind∣pipe causeth a hauking which brings it into the mouth and so sends it forth. * 1.26 If it be tough and sticketh long, it caus∣eth a hoarsness, by making an inequality in the part which hinders the voyce, or it lies under the Tunicle and swels it. * 1.27 When filth is sent hither from the whol body, it causeth a constant spitting, as after anoynting with Quick-silver; by which means an ulcer may be caused, which may cause hoarsness.

If the humor from from the head be sharp and thin, * 1.28 and flow to the Nose, it causeth by pricking, nee∣sing and often sniffling in the disease Coryza: and if it continue; Inflammation, and ulcers, from the heat of the humor.

When Blood falls into the Jaws it is hauked out: * 1.29 when into the Lungs it is coughed out. And if it be sharp and about the Nose it causeth neesing which foregoeth bleeding at the Nose.

Also Flegm in the Lungs from their crude nourishment causeth coughing which continues according to the toughness as we shewed in Asthma. * 1.30 As also stones or gravel growing there, especially if they be in the greater bran∣ches of the Wind-pipe where the sense is more exqui∣site, and laboureth to get forth.

Also matter in the Lungs causeth coughing: * 1.31 of flegm long conteined and ripened: or of excrementitious blood without an Ulcer; for which cause in the Pleurisie and Peripneumony it is gathered rather from the Inflammation of the Lungs than strai∣ned through the Lungs from the breast which causeth coughing as I shal shew there: somtimes it comes

from an Ulcer or Imposthume of the Lungs, and 'tis alwaies spit up in Consumptions. In all which if the matter be white, concocted and temperate, the Cough is milder, but if yellow, green, black, sharp or stinking, it is worse.

Also the matter in a Pleu∣risie and Peripneumony sweat∣ing through the Lungs at the first causeth a Cough. * 1.32

And Blood in the passion of Blood-spitting. * 1.33

If the Midriff in malig∣nant Feavers be troubled with evil vapors and stir'd to send them forth, it is contracted and suddenly relaxed, as we shewed in Convulsions, and causeth the same in the Hickets as we see in deadly Diseases. And in a burning Feaver when the Midriff is dried, this cannot be, but a dfficulty of breathing.

If the Midriff be wounded with the Stomach, it caus∣eth depraved motion; for the Midriff lieth upon the stomach, and hath the same Tunicle with the Stomach and the Nerves, therefore it must needs consent there∣with: And when the stomach laboureth to expel any, the Midriff moves to resist it, with the other Muscles of the breast, as it doth assist the Muscles of the belly to press down the Excrements by stool.

If any thing offending the in∣ward sides of the stomach only, * 1.34 be to be cast off, the motion of the Hicket is sufficient; by which the Midriff shakes the stomach, and helps the expulsive faculty, that it may cast the matter sticking thereto into the hollow of the sto∣mach, and mix it with the rest: And then the pricking ceaseth, and also the motion of the Midriff, except the matter cleave again to the stomach, and then the Hic∣kets return. The Stomach is pricked thus by sharp things, or such as burn, or are enemies unto it, as Pep∣per, Onions, Purges, Poyson, stinks, or cholerick ma∣lignant humors there bred, or sent thither.

When the stomach is offended by consent of the inward Tunicle, * 1.35 nature strives to disburden it by a stronger motion, which is Nees∣ing, by which they which have pain at the Heart are suddenly refreshed, because the matter is by that means shaken into the stomach.

And by the same consent not only with the stomach, * 1.36 but guts and bowels adjacent there is a dry cough: as it appears in Children that have the Worms, which cause a dry Cough by their disturbing of the stomach and Colon, and somtimes Neesing: before which the Nose itched by the consent of the same Tunicle. And in other obstructions of the bowels, the Midriff being burdened with their weight, there is a dry Cough.

Belching is a stronger motion than Hickets for the Midriff helps the sto∣mach, * 1.37 when it is filled with Wind to throw it out, which swels like the matter that caused it.

When the matter is more solid as meat and Drink and humors, * 1.38 there is a stronger motion of the Midriff and Muscles of the breast by Vomiting, by which the stomach is not only forced but turned, by which the matter and air is sent forth with great noise by an unaccustomed way. This Vomiting is caused by things in the stomach that offend in quantity or quality, as we shal shew in Excretion and things cast out.

Also the Inflammation of the sto∣mach and Midriff, * 1.39 and other Diseases that hurt them, cause the Hickets; And also great Diseases of the parts adjacent.

Preternatural Tumors and Ulcers in the Chaps, cause hoarsness, * 1.40 as we observe in the Leprosie and French Pox.

It is commonly from the Birth, * 1.41 that the Tongue is so disordered that it cannot pronounce R. but like a double R. the Tongue is bent or otherwise. The cause of stammering is shewed in the Defect of Respirati∣on.

The Cure.

Some kinds need no Cure, others are mentioned in other places.

If it come from strong motion, * 1.42 there must be rest, or by a contrary motion, as when it comes from ascending, to de∣scend.

If it come from passion, when that is past, the mo∣tion of the heart is past.

If from outward heat, cooling abates it, &c. In Feavers.

If it come from disturbance of the mind and be often, it ceaseth with it. * 1.43 Sighs shew the greatness of the Disease in the Mind, Head, or Madness. In other Diseases when the mind is not di∣sturbed, often sighing declares Pusilanimity or strength lost.

If it come not from weariness or want of sleep which is natural, and be often, * 1.44 it foretels a Feaver or Ague as we shewed in Pandiculation which accompanieth it. It is caused by Imagination, easier in lazy people than in Active.

If Hickets be in acute Feavers and con∣tinue, it threateneth Convulsion, * 1.45 because the Midrif is greatly affected, and death. If it come from the Stomach much offended with Hellebore, Poyson or corroding things, or a great Disease, o•• Inflammation, it foretels the same from other causes; it is easily cured.

In the cure, first remove the cause as the Inflamma∣tion in a malignant or sharp Feaver, if from the sto∣mach being pricked lenifie it. And in all causes stop the inordinate motion of the Midrife which comes by the Hicket. They are done by these following, as the cause is sharp, hot, cholerick, biting, malignant, or cold and flegmatick.

If the cause be in the Stomach, Vomiting is best, for the Midriffe in the Hicket helpeth the stomach to ex∣pel together with the Muscles of the breast.

The Vomit must be such as cleanseth, and allayeth sharpness and heat, thus. Take syrup of Vinegar and Oxymel simple, each six drams; Oyl of sweet Almonds two ounces, with Water of Nuts or Decoction of Raddishes, give it.

It must be repeated, if the Hicket cease not, and stronger given such as are mentioned.

Also purge. And if the Humor be tough, prepare it with Cutters and Cleansers, as Juleps, Wormwood∣wine, which is good both in a cholerick and flegmatick Humor.

Stomach Purges are given for this as Hiera &c. in the Diseases of the Stomach. As in a hot Cause: Take Wormwood one dram, Senna three drams, Rhubarb one dram, Infuse them in Wine, let them boyl and be strai∣ned.

In a cold Cause: Take Agarick, Turbith, of each one dram; Ginger half a dram, Sal Gem six grains, Hiera two drams Diagrydium one scruple, with Oxymel make a Mass, give one dram.

These may be repeated if the Disease return.

These following stop the Hickets, cleanse the Hu∣mor, and Lenifie the Stomach, and after streng∣then.

In a hot cause when the humor is sharp and burning, or in a distemper or emptiness, these following are good.

Broath in great quantity and often, Ptisans, cold or hot, water in great quantity, Oyl of sweet Al∣monds.

Or, Take juyce of Pomegranats half an ounce, Vineger two drams, Mastick, dried Mints, of each half a dram; Let him drink it.

Or other sharp Syrups.

In a cold Elegmatick Cause: Take Galangal, Ginger, of each half a dram, spanish Wine one ounce and an half, Cinnamon water half an ounce: Or thus, Take Galangal three drams, dried Wormwood and Mints, of each two drams; Spike, Marjoram, Dill and Carva seeds, of each one dram; Cinnamon, Cloves, of each half a dram; Steep them in Wine.

Also: Take Aqua vitae one ounce, infuse Cinnamon and Galangal, of each one dram; shake it often.

Or this Electuary: Take Acorus, that is, Calamus Aromaticus and Candied Ginger, of each one ounce; conserve of Marjoram half an ounce, Pouder of Galangal one dram, with syrup of Mints.

Or these Pills: Take Castor half a dram, Mumie one scruple, Mastick half a scruple, with Honey of squils: make a Mass, for two Doses.

We also allay the sense of the Stomach with Treacle Methridate, pouder of Tormentil, and if it come from Poyson, they do good against the Hicket And other Antidotes. You may give other Narcoticks if it hin∣der Sleep.

And Clysters to revel downwards, and Supposito∣ries, that Nature may rather send downwards then up∣wards.

The smel of Dill boyled with Mastick staies the Hickets.

Neesing Cures Hickets, because the matter offen∣ding is sent from the Stomach and Midrif by a greater force.

Wash the Mouth with cold Water and Gargle.

Apply things outwardly to the Stomach, as this Fo∣mentation: Take roots of Elicampanc three drams, Mints, Wormwood, Spike, Dill, Pennyroyal, Calamints, of each one handful; Lavender, Rosemary and Cammomel flowers, each one pugil, Cumin, Carua, Dill seeds, of each one dram; Bay and Juniper berries, of each half an ounce; Mastick two drams; Boyl them in Wine to foment the Stomach before.

Also hot Ashes with Aqua vitae and Sack put in a bag or bladder and applied to the Stomach.

A Fomentation with Rose Vinegar and a Spunge is good in a hot cause.

Anoynt the Stomach before and behind with loos∣ning Oyls and after with Astringents.

Or apply this Bag: Take CArva seeds half an ounce, Ammi and Dill seeds, of each two drams; Galangal, Cloves, of each one dram; dried Mints two drams, Mastick, Fran∣kincense, of each one dram; sprinkle them with Rose Vine∣gar.

Emplasters also, in a hot cause the Cerot of Sanders, Unguent of Roses, of each one ounce; Mastich half an ounce, Citron peels and Quince, of each one dram; with juyce of Houseleek and Turpentine, make two Emplaisters for the fore and hinder side of the Sto∣mach.

It is good to wash or bath the Hands and Feet in hot water.

And to bind the outward parts.

Apply Cupping-glasses first to the Shoulders and Navel, and then to the Stomach before and be∣hind.

If you hold your breath, it stops the motion of the Midrif and abates the Hicket.

Or, Swallow down suddenly water or gulp divers times without it. Or, if you hollow and roar or runn, it causeth more breathing and then the Muscles of the Breast with the Midrif help the Stomach to expel what is hurtful.

Also sudden passions of the mind by calling in the spirits, take it away by frighting or noise or the like. And chiefly by dashing the Face suddenly with Wa∣ter.

Dioscorides, Teacheth that Alysson held in the Hand stops it.

Neesing is somtimes, a good sign and in sound people sends forth that which trou∣bleth, * 1.46 and in the declining of a Disease shews recovery. Somtimes it is a sign of a distillation coming or Epilepfie in those that are ad∣dicted to it. None of these ought to be stopped. But in bleeding at the Nose, and in Ruptures, because it provoketh the Gut down, and in Diseases of the Eyes because it causeth tears, and sends blood thither and o∣ther Diseases, in which it increaseth pain, it is to be stopped. As also when it is so immoderate and con∣tinual that it causeth Head-ach, and disperseth the spirits.

It is then stopped by things that purge Excrements from the Head, if it come from the Flux of them into the Nose as shall be shewed in Coryza.

They say the Decoction of Basilicon stops it.

Palliate the Nostrils, with the Vapor of warm water, and anoynt them with Butter, Milk, Oyl, Oyl of Gourds, Poppies, Henbane, and with the white of an Egg and Mucilages. All fresh.

The smel of Narcoticks, as of Opium, Oyl of Roses or Willows, represeth the sharpness of the Humors. As the smel of sharp things raiseth it.

Oyls, as those of sweet Almonds, Dill, Chamomil, Roses, Willows, Gourds, and juyce of Basilicon, are good to be put into the Ears.

And the Decoction of Basilicon to wash the Head. And Chamomel flowers in the Pillow. Foment the Breast to strengthen the Muscles with this: Take Cha∣momel flowers two pugils, Metilot and Basil flowers and Bran, of each one pugil; put a stupe into the Decoction and Foment the Breast with it Squeezed.

Use Frictions, and Ligatures of the extream parts. press and rub the Ears and Eyes, and pul the Nose, rub the Palate with the Finger and Comb the Head.

Holding of the breath as it Cure the Hickets, so doth it Neefing, if the Nose and Mouth be stopped.

Also frighting will Cure Neesing, as soon as Hickets.

Strong drawing in of the breath doth stop Neesing, which when the vulgar smel unto Bread, they impute to the sent thereof.

Sleep also stops it.

And darkness, as light increaseth it. Therefore after a Cataract is couched they are kept a while in the dark, and you may do so in other Diseases unto which Nee∣sing is an enemy.

Let the Head be laid high.

If there be great Diseases with a Cough look for the Cure in them. * 1.47 As in Dyspnaea and Asthma. When blood or matter is spet, see in Haemoptoica Passio, Pleurisie, Peripneumony, Phthises. And for the Cure of that which comes from the fault of Natural parts, in other places. But that Cough which is alone, is to be judged by the diversity of the Causes, and to be so Cured. If it come from things fallen into the wind Pipe, then if they be not choaked as we shewed in Dyspnaea, the Cough ceaseth when they are cast out. And if there be provocation in the jaws after, use the Lenitives following. If it come from cold, only use actual and potential heat, and Leni∣tives, and they will easily Cure. If it come from a thin Defluxion sharp and salt, the Cough is troublesome, provokes much, and it is not voided by coughing but dispersed only, neither doth it stop till the Catarrh is gone, and the matter be thick and concocted, and then it is easily voided, and the Cough abates. If it come from thick Flegm fallen down or otherwise it is hard to be cured, if new matter stil come, after the old is voi∣ded.

In the Cure of both Coughs that come from Excre∣mentitious Humors; we keep Humors from flowing, and stop them. And we study to expectorate that which is the conjunct Cause and Lyes in the Breast; by thick∣ning it if thin; by cutting if it be thick; by concocting both and a little blunting the exquisite sense. And these chiefly correct this Symptom of Cough.

Thus give Juleps to prepare before evacuations, and after to expectorate, if the Humor be thin and sharp, for three daies: Take Syrup of Jujubies and Violets, of each one ounce and an half, Honey of Roses, Syrup of Poppies, of each half an ounce, water of Coltsfoot and Violets, of each four ounces: Make a Julep.

Or this Decoction: Take Jujubes, Sebestens, of each twenty, Prunes ten, Clean-barley half an ounce, Liquorish one ounce, Violets two pugils, Roses, one pugil: boyl them, add Penidyes one ounce, for three doses.

If the Humor be thick and cold. Take Syrup of Li∣quorish one ounce and an half, of Hysop, Oxymel simple, each one ounce; Water of Bettony, Horehound, Hysop, each three ounces. Make a Julep.

Or this Decoction: Take Liquerish one ounce, Elicam∣pane two drams, Raysons stone, twenty pair, Figs ten, Dates five, Anniseeds two drams, Fennel seed one dram, dried Hysop two drams, Maiden hair, Coltsfoot, of each one dram: Boyl them, and add Honey two ounces, for three or four Doses.

If the Cough come from a Desluxion give Purges, but not too strong least, you increase the Desluxion, therefore mix Astringents.

If the Defluxion be thin and hot thus. Take yellow Myrobalans two drams, Rheubarb four scruples, Agarick one dram, Spike six grains: Infuse them all in white Wine, strain them and dissolve the Electuaries, of the juyce of Roses one dram, syrup of Roses solutive one ounce.

Or give half a dram of Aggregative Pills, and one scruple of Pill Aureae, Mixed with Wine.

In a cold thick Humor purge thus: Take Agarick one dram, Turbith half a dram, Spike half a scruple, Gin∣ger one scruple; Infuse them in Wine and Honey, strain them and dissolve Diaphaenicon two drams, Honey of Roses solutive one ounce and an half.

Or with Pills: Take Pills of Agarick two scruples, Cochy one scruple. With Wine, or Cinnamon water, Make Pills.

If the Body needs more Purging, give this Decocti∣on three or four mornings: Take Liquorish two ounces, Orris one ounce, Elicampane half an ounce, Horehound, Coltsfoot, Hysop, Betony, of each one handful; Annis, Fennel seeds, of each two drams; Raysons twenty, Figs ten, Dates five, Carthamus and Senna, of each one ounce and an half: Boyl them in Water and a little Wine, infuse at the end Agarick three drams, Turbith two drams, strain them, add Honey of Roses four ounces; Boyl them a little and strain them, and let him drink it.

Keep the Body loose and Purge somtimes.

This Electuary is the best Lenitive: Take Raysons one ounce and an half, Currans one ounce, Sebestens fifteen, Figs twelve, Dates five, Cassia new drawn one ounce and an half, Tamarinds one ounce, Steep them and Boyl them in white Wine, make a Pulp, and add to it Manna three ounces, syrup of Violets and Roses solutive, of each one ounce; boyl them a little, give a spoonful or two before Sup∣per.

When we will gently Purge and stop the Catarrh also; Take Agarick two drams, Mastick and Frankincense, of each half a dram, with juyce of Hysop make a Body. Take half a dram at night, or take one scruple of Mastick Pills.

If you will have them stronger: Take Pill Asajaret, Agarick, Rhubarb, of each one dram; Frankincense, Mastick of each one scruple, Saffron half a scruple, with syrup of Poppyes: make a Mass, give half a dram at Bed time.

It is good in Defluxions when they continue to sweat after purging.

Alteratives shall be declared which stay the Catarrh, if it cause a Cough with their healing and drying quali∣ty rather then with astringing: and which Expectorate, by thickning if the humor be thin, by cutting if it be thick, by cleansing if it stick; also to Lenifie the passages and stupefie; many whereof were mentioned in Asthma especially to cut and cleanse.

The solid forms for a Cough, are to be held long in the Mouth: and they stop the Catarrh from falling to the Wind-pipe, and mix with the spittle: or to be chewed, as troches, little things like Lupines, or Tab∣lets, dry, like Pills to be held under the Tongue, at bed time, for in sleep they are held better, and are not pre∣sently Swallowed down when Melted. These may be also held in the Cheeks where they hinder not the Speech and get into the Wind-pipe better when you speak.

The root of Liquorish is so held and chewed which Lenifieth and cleanseth, and the juyce thereof; but it is a little unpleasant alone.

Sugar Candy, especially that sticks to the Glass where syrup of Roses or Violets are kept is also good for the same.

The white Troches called Bechici, are more u∣sual.

But the red are better by reason of the Bole, or these. Take the best Bole one dram, Mastick, Starch, of each half a dram, Spike, Gum Traganth, Arabike, of each one scruple; Camphyre two grains, Penidies and Sugar Candy, of each two drams, with Mucilage of Fleabane, make little Balls.

The black are Compounded of juyce of Liquorish, with Storax, &c.

There are yellow Troches also, very pleasant and good. Take Starch three drams, Liquorish two drams, Elicampane, Orris, of each half a dram; Angelica half a scruple, Saffron six grains, Penidies and Sugar-candy, of each two ounces, with infusion of Gum Traganth, make Troches; add Oyl of Annis seeds two drops.

The usual Lozenges, are Diatragacanth Frigid: Diapenidion without the Species, Sugar of Roses in a hot cause. In a cold, Diaireos simple, and Solomonis Diatragacanthum Calidum, &c.

A Linctus, or Eclegma, is usual for a Cough, because it goes down by degrees, and comes to the breast, it is to be taken with a Liquorish stick.

In a hot cause, Lohoch of Fleabane, Marsh-mallows of Mucilages; in others Lohoch Sanum, of Pine-nuts, of Fox Lungs, Coltsfoot, and Coleworts.

Many are made without Pouders and Lenifie more.

Others are Unctious, and the better for that, to which things of other vertue are added; And this kind is good for Children, because it smels like meat, and is sweet.

Junkets of Butter or May butter, are usual in Ger∣many and very good taken by little or licked, Take Starch one ounce, dissolve it in Milk, boyl it to a pultis, add fresh Butter four ounces, Sugar a good quantity, when it is cold it grows hard.

An Eclegma of Oyl excellent for a Cough. Take Oyl of sweet Almonds new drawn one ounce, Sugar-Candy half an ounce, Mucilage of Fleabane made with Rose water half an ounce, lick it often.

This Mucilage is Lenifying: Take Mucilage of Line∣seed, Fenugreek, Fleabane, Quinces, all made with Rose water one ounce and an half, Penidies one ounce: Infusion of Gum Traganth, in Rose water, or Cinnamon water, half an ounce, Sugar-candy, or Penidies as much as will make a Linctus.

This is good to Lenifie and loosen the Mouth and Belly: Take Cassia, Manna, of each three drams; Peni∣dies and Sugar-candy, of each two drams; Oyl of sweet Al∣monds and fresh Butter, of each as much as will make a Lo∣boch. Of which let much be taken if you will Purge much.

Or, Take Turpentine one dram; one yolk of an Egg, fresh Butter two drams, Honey half an ounce: Mix them, lick it.

Syrups and Robs are made of Decoctions and juyces for to be licked. Syrup of Myrtles is most usual.

Also of Violets, Jujubies, in a hot cause, in another, of Liquorish, Maiden hair, Hysop.

The Rob or thick juyce of fruits boyled is used in∣stead of Honey, which in a thin Defluxion moveth it too much. Or use this, Take Liquorish, Pease shels, of each three ounces; Raysons, Currants, Figs, of each four ounces; Prunes ten, Jujubies, Sebestens, of each twelve pair: boyl them tel the fruits are dissolved, strain them and boyl them to a Rob.

Or thus of Juyces: Take juyce of Coltsfoot, red Cole, Purslain, of each one ounce; juyce of Horehound, Hysop, Sage, of each half an ounce; juyce of Liquorish two drams, Sugar and Honey, of each three ounces; Boyl them to a Syrup.

Or of a Decoction in a cold cause: Take Liquorish, Marsh-mallows, of each one ounce and an half; Elecampane, O••ri, Fennel, of each one ounce; Angelica two drams, Com∣frey half an ounce, Maidenhair, Hysop, Pennyroyal, of each one handful; Horehound half a handful, Annis seed one ounce, Fennel seed half an ounce, Line seed three drams, Fe∣nugreek two drams, Violets and Rosemary flowers, of each one pugil; Pease shels cleansed two ounces, Raysons stoned three ounces, Figs twelve, Jujubies and Sebestens, of each ten pair; Boyl them, strain them, and add Honey and Sugar, of each four ounces, and a little Cinnamon; Boyl it to a Syrup.

Those that have Pouders, if they be not finely sifted will cause coughing. They are diversly made.

As of Seeds and Roots thus: Take Line seeds, Fenu∣greek, of each a dram; Nettle seed; Bryony root, Marsh-mal∣lows, Orrice, Elicampane, of each half a dram; Gum Tra∣ganth one scruple, juyce of Liquorish dissolved in Oxymel one dram: Make a Lohoch.

Or of Fruits stoned: Take sweet Almonds, Pinenuts, of each an ounce; Gourd and Melon seeds, of each half an ounce; Penides and Sugar-candy, of each an ounce; Manna half an ounce, with syrup of Violets, or Liquorish: Make a Lohoch.

This of Sulphur is good: Take the best Sulphur one dram, Orrice half a dram, Sugar-candy one dram and an half: Make a pouder, let it be licked, or taken with a rear Egg.

For Compound Pouders. In a hot cause: Take pouder of Diatraganth frigid, Diapenidies without species, of each one dram; Lohoch of Fleabane, Coltsfoot, of each half an ounce; Penides and Sugar-candy, of each six drams; Mallows and Cotten seed, of each half a dram; Line seed one dram, Liquorish one dram and an half, with syrup of Ju∣jubies: Make an Eclegma.

It is good to give things with Meat and Drink for a Cough, though they work less, because they mix with the spittle, and leave their Vertues therewith.

Also to Eat Figs, Raysons, and Prunes.

It is a usual Medicine for a Cough, to steep Figs in Aqua vitae, and then dry them and after eat them.

Also Almonds, Pine and Pistach nuts alone, or can∣died, March pane and other sweet Meats also, and the junkats mentioned of Butter.

Also Meats of Barley, and Oats, and of Beans, ccor∣ding to Dioscorides.

Especially Barley and Almond Milk is excellent to stop a Catarrh, as we shewed in Asthma.

Or this, taken some spoonfuls towards bed: Take Barley Meal, Starch, of each half a dishful, two whites of Eggs beaten: Boyl them with Milk, and add Sugar.

Also a roasted Onyon with Butter and Sugar, or fil∣led with Treacle and roasted and the juyce taken out and mixed with Sugar-candy to be licked. Also Leek Portage are good.

And Radishes with much Oyl, a little Vinegar and Honey.

Eggs also rear dressed with fresh better and but a little Salt, for it provokes coughing.

Spinach and Rocket buttered.

A meat made of Egs boyled Wine and Butter, or Egs, Wine, Sugar, and Butter, which the Dutch call Beanwarm, that is Warm-bones.

Also warm Milk drunk with Penidies or Sugar∣candy.

A Medicine wel of sented, sharp Apples, is excellent, and for to restore the strength also in other Diseases: Take sound Apples sliced round, Lay them upon sticks in an earthen Vessel in a Wine-seller, sprinkle Sugar-candy thereon: Take of the juyce that you shall find in the Vessel which fel from the Apples two ounces, Aqua vitae, Rosewater, of each one ounce; Oyl of Cloves and Cinnamon, of each two drops: Mix them, and give a spoonful or two of∣ten.

Another Lenifying Decoction: Take Raysons, Pease shels, Liquorish, of each two ounces; Jujubies, Sebestens, of each ten pair; Barley clensed one ounce: Boyl them, strain them, and Clarifie them, let him often drink a draught, you may add Sugar and Honey.

Another to Expectorate: Take Hysop, Penyroyal, Maidenhair, Cole worts, of each one handful; Figs ten, with Honey: Boyl and scum and strain them, drink it.

Or thus. Take Line-seed, Faenugreek bruised, each two drams; Anise and Nettle seed, each one dram; Basil seed half a dram, Liquorish, Marsh-mallows, each half an ounce; Pennyroyal, Goldy-locks, each one bandful and an half; Mallows, Violets, each one pugil; Figs ten, Dates five, boyl them and add Honey and Syrup of Liquorish.

This is good against a Catarrh. Take Frankincense, Mastich, each one dram; Liquorish one ounce, Raisons sto∣ned ten pair, Figs five pair, Jujubes, Sebestens, each six pair; boyl them, add to the straining Penidies, for a Drink.

Wine with things infused or boyled, especially that of Elicampane is good, boyled thick.

Wine wherein Juniper berries are boyled is good for a Cough in Children, and it is stronger with Hysop and Mother of Time.

Also the flowers of Gourd dried and boyled in Wine. And of bitter things, Take Elicampane half an ounce, Orris, Squils prepared, each two drams; Horehound, Car∣duus, Germander, Sage, Pennyroyal, Pauls Bettony, each one handful; steep and boyl them in Wine.

Some drink pouder of Ginger in Wine, at nights, in Winter. And if the Cough be of Cold it must do good; And because it heats the mouth, and the virrue is carried by consent to the Lungs it expectorateth. And Dioscorides commends Pepper.

Brandewine is good with Sugar-candy, also the same burnt while it wil flame, and so brought to an Oyl.

Some commend the essential Oyl of Sugar thus made. Put four ounces of Sugar often washed with Sack, and dried, into a Glass; lute it wel, set it in the Sun or Ashes over the fire, and sublime the Sugar, which wil make a noyse. This take out, and put it in the hard boyled whites of Eggs, and place them in a Wine-celler til you have a cleer Oyl. One spoonful of this swallowed by degrees is excellent.

The water of Pauls Betony or, Pouder of it with Su∣gar is good.

Also new drawn Oyl of sweet Almonds.

That which stops the Catarrh, expectorateth, and taketh away the provoking to cough by stupefaction, is excellent.

As Diacodium at bed-time, or syrup of Poppies, or Lohoch of Poppies.

Or thus, Take Syrup of Poppies or Diacodium one ounce, Syrup of Jujubes one ounce and an half, Mucilage of Fleabane seeds half an ounce, make a Lambitive or Linctus.

Or this. Take Garden Poppy heads almost ripe three ounces, Pease shels, Liquorish, each one ounce and an half; boyl them, add Penidies and Sugar-candy, each four oun∣ces; boyl them to a Consistence, let it be licked at night.

Or, Take Lohoch of Poppies one ounce, Lohoch of Flea∣bane half an ounce, Pouder of Diatragacanth frigid. one dram, Henbane seed half a dram, Bole one scruple, Penidies half an ounce.

Some write for a secret that red Poppy water and Sugar-candy drunk at night is excellent.

Also Pils of Hounds-tongue or Storax are taken one or two of six grains in weight at bed-time.

If you wil use them often; Take Storax, Myrrh, Frankincense, Galbanum, Spike, each one scruple; Saffron, Opium, each five grains; mix them with Honey for Pils: let him hold one of half a scruple in the mouth, and if it doth not help take one scruple at bed-time.

Errhines are put into the Nose, to bring the Catarrh into the Nose. And clysters to draw it downwards, of which see in Catarrhs. Masticatories and Garga∣risms which draw rheum to the Mouth cannot be good fumes to dry the Brain, taken in at the Mouth and Nose, do reach the Lungs and Brain, and dry both.

Let him take into his mouth the hot vapor of this Decoction. Take Mastich, Frankincense, each one dram and an half, Salt two drams, Sulphur one dram, Calamus three drams, Colts-foot, Horehound, each one handful; boyl them in water and take up the vapor by a Funnel.

A Fume from things burnt is stronger, if it be not in great quantity or sharp. Take Colts-foot dried half an ounce, Schaenanth, Storax, each two drams; Mastich, Frankincense, Myrrh, each one dram; Henbane seeds half a dram, with Turpentine, or Infusion of Gum Traganth in Rose-water make Troches.

Some things are applied to dilate the breast, and to allay its pain, and to concoct the matter.

In a hot case this Oyntment. Take Oyl of Violets one ounce, Oyl of sweet Almonds, sweet Butter washed in Violes water, Hens grease, Mucilage of Fleabane made with Colts∣foot water, each half an ounce.

In a Cold this. Oyl of Lillies, wall-flower, each half an ounce; Mucilage of Time and Faenu-greek seed each half an ounce; Orris half a dram, Saffron one scruple, with Wax make a Liniment, see the rest in Asthma.

Also the Resumptive Oyntment.

An Emplaster of Lillies and Onions boyled, and butterred.

And this Epithem warm. Take Oyl of Cammomel, Violets, each one ounce and an half; Milk or cream of Al∣monds, made with Barley water wel boyled four ounces, dip Clouts strain and apply them.

Keep the Breast warm.

Use spiced Caps or pouders to the Head, wash the Thighs with warm water to divert Catarrhs, in which Head herbs have been boyled. And when the Cough is hot, or sleep is wanting, use cold herbs.

Apply Garlick and Bears grease to the feet, it is ac∣counted an Oyntment that cureth.

Ligatures also, Cupping-Glasses, Cauteries, are good to revel, as we shewed in a Catarrh.

Holding of the Breath staies Hickets and Neesing, and also Coughing; not because then a greater heat is raised in the breast, but for the cause mentioned in Hickets.

Warm Air is best when the Cough is from Cold.

A hot house is good, because Sweating after purging is proper.

Let him take heed of a cold Air and the North-wind, and a moist or Night-air or Westwind: the East a∣stringeth. Also from the Head being inflamed with the Sun.

It is hurtful to lie with the Face upwards, because so the humor fals sooner into the mouth, except it be when you take Pils in the mouth.

Fast sometimes or eat little, exercise gently, sleep moderately, and they wil hinder the increase of hu∣mors.

If Hoarsness come from a Tumor or Ulcer of the Jawes, * 1.48 it must be cured as I shal shew in its proper place; for that being cured, the hoarsness ceaseth: but if that be not cured, or so cured that there remaineth unevenness, the Hoarsness is uncurable. As I have known many from Leprosies and the Pox to be ever hoarse. If it come from cold and driness, it is cured by warm, moist, and suppleing things. If it come from a Defluxion, after spitting of the humor up, it ceaseth. But if the De∣fluxion return or the humor stick fast, use things menti∣oned for a Catarrh. But for expectoration, it is best here to use Clensers and Lenifiers such as are mention∣ed there, to which I shal add these following choice things.

Myrrh held in the Mouth til it dissolves is excellent.

Also the Infusion of Gum Traganth in Violet or Rose-water.

Hot Milk with the white of an Egg or Mucilage is good for a Gargle.

A raw Egg is experimental; but a rear Egg is bet∣ter, because there is nothing from beasts eaten crude, but it is nauseous, except Milk.

Boyled Snailes also by reason of their sliminess, but they without Salt, are not eaten pleasantly, nor Eggs.

Also buttered Leeks, Coleworts and Arrach.

Also crude Purslane doth wonderfully take away roughness not only of the Teeth, but Jaws: And it is good boyled.

Also Cubebs beaten with Raisons: especially when it is from cold.

Juyce of Liquorish held in the Mouth.

Juyce of Coleworts boyled with Honey.

Oyl of sweet Almonds, Fresh Butter.

Mathiolus commends the water of Phyllitis.

These Compounds are also good. Take Myrrh, Frankincense, Sugar-candy, each equal parts; with Muci∣lage of Gum Traganth make smal Troches like Lupines to be held in the mouth.

Or thus. Take Turpentine two drams, dislolve it with the Yolk of a small Hen-egg: add Orris, Myrrh, each half a dram; Cubebs one scruple, meal of Orrobus and Starch, each two drams; Penidies half an ounce, Honey to make a Lohoch.

Rondoletius commends the Pils of Benzoin, and Heli∣daeus Avicens Pils to be held in the Mouth.

Lobel saith that with this Syrup he cured Women that had been ten yeers Hoarse. Take Erysimum or wild Mustard with the roots six handful, Elicampane and Colts-foot green, Liquorish, each two ounces; Borrage, Suc∣cory, Maidenhair, each one handful and an half; Co••dial flowers, French Lavender, or Bettony flowers, each half a handful; Aniseed six drams, Raisons stoned two ounces: boyl them in Barley water and Honey, add Juyce of Wa∣ter-cresses six ounces: add as much Sugar to two or three pints of the strained Liquor as wil make a Syrup.

Or this. Take Liquorish two ounces, Marsh-mallow roots green three ounces, Orris, Galangal, each half an ounce; Erysimum three handful, Colts-foot, Coleworts, Arrach, Mal∣lows, Purslain, Green, each one handful; Mallows, Violets, each one pugil; Gourd and Melon seed, each half an ounce; Cotton seeds one dram, Barley and Beans, each one pugil; Raisons stoned twenty pair, Cubebs one dram, boyl and strain them, and with Honey or Sugar make a Syrup.

Or this Gargle. Take Liquorish and Marsh-mallows, each two ounce; Mallows with the roots one handful, Beans, Orobus beaten, each one pugil; Raisons stoned twenty pair, Figs, Jujubes, Sebestens, each six pair; Myrrh, Frankin∣cense each three drams; boyl them and with Honey or Su∣gar make a Gargarism.

Belching, Vomiting, Snorting, Spitting, * 1.49 Hauking: if they be pre∣ternatural shal be treated of in Ex∣cretion, here they are mentioned on∣ly for order sake.

Whooping, Panting, and Breathing or blowing hot do little hurt of themselves; so that we neither menti∣on further their Causes or Cure. We mentioned in the Kinds what was different from natural Re∣spiration.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Quick Breath.
• * 1.2

  Sighing.
• * 1.3

  Yawning.
• * 1.4

  Hickets.
• * 1.5

  Neesing.
• * 1.6

  Coughing.
• * 1.7

  Belching.
• * 1.8

  Vomiting
• * 1.9

  Vociferation, Anhelation, Sufflation.
• * 1.10

  Emunction.
• * 1.11

  Spitting.
• * 1.12

  Hawking.
• * 1.13

  Hoarsness.
• * 1.14

  Stammering.
• * 1.15

  Affection of the mind is the cause of sighs.
• * 1.16

  Vehement motion is the cause of quick breathing.
• * 1.17

  Heat is the cause of short breathing.
• * 1.18

  A Vapor, Idleness or Imagination is the cause of yawning.
• * 1.19

  The Brightness of the Sun is the cause of sneezing.
• * 1.20

  A sharp Odour is the cause of sneezing.
• * 1.21

  Air and cold Water, is the Cause of Cough∣ing and Hoarsness.
• * 1.22

  Things falling into the rough Artery cause a Cough.
• * 1.23

  Things snuffed into the Nose the cause of neezing.
• * 1.24

  Things held in the mouth, cause spit∣ting.
• * 1.25

  A humor from the Brain causeth a Cough.
• * 1.26

  A humor from the head is the cause of hauking.
• * 1.27

  Use of Quick-silver is the cause of spit∣ting.
• * 1.28

  An humor from the head is the cause of sneesing.
• * 1.29

  Blood falling down is the cause of hau∣king and cough.
• * 1.30

  Flegm or Gravel in the Lungs the cause of cough∣ing.
• * 1.31

  Matter in the Lungs, the cause of a cough.
• * 1.32

  Matter and blood in the Lungs, cause a Cough.
• * 1.33

  Evil Vapors causeth Hickets.
• * 1.34

  The pricking of the stomach is the cause of Hickets.
• * 1.35

  Heart-burning the cause of Nesing.
• * 1.36

  The Cause of Cough and Sneesing from stomach and Guts.
• * 1.37

  Wind the cause of Belching.
• * 1.38

  Trouble in the stomach the cause of Vomiting.
• * 1.39

  Some Diseases cause Hickets.
• * 1.40

  Diseases are the cause of Hoars∣ness.
• * 1.41

  The Tongue disor∣dered in the cause of stammering and Wharling.
• * 1.42

  The cure of Short-breath∣ing.
• * 1.43

  Sighing.
• * 1.44

  Concerning Yawning.
• * 1.45

  The cure of Hickets.
• * 1.46

  The cure of Neesing.
• * 1.47

  The cure of a Cough.
• * 1.48

  The Cure of Hoarsness.
• * 1.49

  The Cure of other kinds of Depra∣ved Breathing.