A help to magistrates, and ministers of justice,: also a guide to parish and ward-officers. : Containing, 1. Plain directions for justices of the peace ... 2. To their clerks in drawing forms of warrants, and other necessary writings. 3. A help to grand and petty juries. 4. Penalties upon forestallers ... 5. The rates of servants wages ... 6. Some directions to coroners and their inquests ... 7. Customs ... peculiar to the city of London in privileges, law-matters ... 8. The office and duty of a high constable ... 9. The office and duty of churchwardens and sidesmen. 10. The office and duty of the overseers of the poor. 11. The office and duty of toll-keepers and fair-keepers. 12. The office and duty of surveyors of highways, scavengers, &c.

CHAP. LXXX. Of Fairs and Markets, Toll and Toll-keepers, Clerks of Markets, their Office and Duty in some Parti∣culars, &c. Measures, and Measuring, Sealing, &c.

A Fair must be kept no longer than the Grant or Use by Custom will Warrant for what is Warrantable; and Goods so Sold after the Expiration of the Time, as Merchandize, &c. The Seller shall forfeit to the King double the Value of what is Sold, and the prosecutor shall have the fourth part; the Fair must be duly Pro∣claimed by the Sheriff, or Lord of the Fair, and the Time it is to continue mentioned, the place or ground appointed, set out, and care taken that there be no Riots or Disturbance, but an Orderly keeping of it during the Time it lasts.

Where there is a Beast Fair for Horses, Mares, Geldings, and other Cattle, they must have their appointed places, that those that resort thither may have a Certainty where to find them. And one sufficient person, or more must be appointed to take Toll, and keep the same place from Ten

in the Forenoon, every Day till Sun Set, during the Time of the Fair or Market, upon pain to for∣feit for every Default 40 s. And in Tolling, the party thereto appointed must have before him the paries Bargaining, upon his Tolling any Horse, Mare, &c. And must Write in his Book the Christian Names, and Sir Names of all the Parties; also their Dwelling places, with the Colours and some particular Marks of the Horse or Mare, &c. so Sold or Bargained for, on Penalty to forfeit for every Default 40 s. and he is to have one Credible Person known to him to Vouch the Horse or Mare, &c. and testifie his Knowledge of the Seller, and his Name and place of Aboad must be entred with the others in the Book, with the Colour, Mark, or Price of the Horse or Mare, Sold or Exchanged, and the Buyer requiring it, may have a Note in Writing out of the Book, Reciting the Contract and Toll∣man's Hand thereto, for which he may take Two-pence.

If any Toll keeper suffer a Sale to pass without a Voucher, unless he well know the party, and every Party making a false Testimony, or Avouch∣ment, or every Seller unknown, not bringing a Voucher, and causing the same to be entred, for∣feits Five Pounds, one Moiety to King, and the other to the Prosecutor, and the Sale of the said Horse, &c. to be void. Yet notwithstanding such Vouching, the Owner of a Stollen Horse, &c. so Sold, his Executors or Adminstrators, claiming him within six Months after the Stealing, may Redeem at the price he was Sold for, making proof that it is his, and that it was Stollen by two suffi∣cient Witnesses before a Justice of the County where he is found, or the Head Officer or Magi∣strate of a Corporation, and the price to be such, as the Buyer upon Oath shall testifie before the Justice, he paid for him; and if the Stollen Horse

be not Sold in open Fair or Market, and lawfully Toll'd, the Right is in the Owner from whom he was Stole, and he may Seize or Replevy him in a∣ny place where he finds him.

If any person Buy Oxen, Goats, Sheep, Calves, Heifers, Lambs, &c. alive, he shall not Sell them again alive till he has kept them in his pasture by the space of five Weeks.

As for Measure, there shall be only the Winchester Bushel, and no other Bushel, and that to contain 8 Gallons; and whoso Sells by any other, according to the 22d. Caroli 2. Chap. 8. forfeits 40 s. And upon the Clerk of the Market's refusing to Seal such Measure as shall be full Gauged, he forfeits for the first Offence 5 l. for the second 10. l. Or if the King's Clerk of his Market of his House ex∣act, or take more Fees than his due, that is, above one penny for Sealing a Bushel, a Half penny for half a Bushel, and one Farthing for Measures of less proportion, he incurs, and shall undergo the penalty in the Statute, Caroli 1.

A Brass Bushel is to be chained to a post, or publick place in the Market-place, at the Charge of the person taking Toll for the publick Use of Measuring, upon penalty of forfeiting of five Pounds, 22 Caroli 2. Chap. 8.

Whosoever shall Sell or Buy Corn without Mea∣suring, being thoreunto required, so Selling or Buying it in Sacks, or Bags, or in any other thing, shall forfeit the said Corn, or the value thereof to the party making his Complaint of this Offence a∣gainst the Statute, 22 & 23 Caroli 2. Chap. 12. And upon Complaint the Defendant by the Oath of one or more Witnesses before a Justice of the Pcace, must prove that he or they did Buy or Sell according to the Statute of 22 Caroli 2. and 23 Caroli 2. or else pay the Forfeitures by the latter directed, which upon Warrant may be

Levied by Distress and Sale of Goods; the War∣rant to be given under the Hand and Seal of one or more Justices, before whom such Conviction shall be, one half to the poor of the parish where the Offence is committed, and the other to the Informer, Ibid.