Enchiridion medicum: containing the causes, signs, and cures of all those diseases, that do chiefly affect the body of man: divided into three books. With alphabetical tables of such matters as are therein contained. Whereunto is added a treatise, De facultatibus medicamentorum compositorum, & dosibus. / By Robert Bayfield.

CHAP. LIX.

CALCƲLƲs RENƲM, * 1.1 happeneth oft∣ner to men then to children.

The cause is continual crudity and rawnesse of the stomach, whereby much grosse and earthly humours are heaped up together,

which being parched with a burning fiery heat about the reines, hardneth into a stone: The stones do sometimes differ in greatnes, and figure; colour and sharpness; they are black, whitish, and pale.

They feel grievous pain in the reines, * 1.2 even as it were a bodkin thrust through, and yet no swelling without; he have much adoe to turn his back bone: the leg against the diseased rein is astonied, with abhorring of meat and vo∣miting: the urine is sometime pissed forth little in quantity and watery: afterward followeth perfect suppression of urine: the womb avoyd∣deth nothing, yet maketh many proffers to go to the stool; sometimes blood is avoyded through the violence of the stones, especially if they be sharp: the urine hath gravelly residence, when the stone is removed: If the stones be light and round, they are easily sent forth, but very hard if they be long and sharp.

For the cure, * 1.3 if thou wouldst first prevent it in any person, prohibit fulnesse of diet, and all such things as ingender gross and obstructive juyce, unleasened and light bread, gross and new ale, and beer, with new and unsetled wines, and their exercises must be mean; also let them avoyd cheese and milk, and plenty of flesh: all things that do heat and inflame the liver and kidneys are to be avoyded; let him not stand with his back against the fire, sallets are good, * 1.4 and let his meat be such as yeeld nourish∣ment; as veal, pullets, chickens, partridges, doves, larks, and hedge-sparrowes, which is said to be best: * 1.5 Cassia is much commended to

be given in a good quantity with syrrup of vio∣lets. Althaeae, maiden-haire, or lymonds; the broath of Althaeae is very good, with the roots of parsely, fennel, cicers, and the root and seed of saxifrage, with a little new butter: ℞. * 1.6 Tere∣binth. venet ℥.j. aut ℥.i.ss. let it be washed in saxifrage water, take it in wafers, also some of the aforesaid syrrups taken in Aq. sperm. rana∣rum, cannot but be excellent, wine of Alkekengie, * 1.7 and also the milk of an asse is much commen∣ded by Aetius: also syrrup of marrich mallows, * 1.8 taken in parietary, saxifrage, or onion water is good.

Secondly, if the stone be ingendred, [ 2] if there be a plethorick body, and strong, some will ad∣vise the vein in the ham of that leg that is asto∣nied to be cut, and also purging, * 1.9 if nothing for∣bid it, otherwise take this clyster following.

℞. Malvae, Althaeae, merculialis, capil. ven. * 1.10 parietariae, ana M.j. nastur. M.i. ss. Sem. Apii, feniculi, ana ʒ.iij.

Boyle them in a sufficient quantity of water, strein it, and adde ℥.i. of Cassia: Hierapicra, ℥.ss. oyls of dill, and cammomel, ana ℥.j. Salicom. ʒ.ij. f. Enema: anoynt the region of the reines, and loynes, with oyles of dill, sweet Almonds, cam∣momel, and Althea: * 1.11 A cataplasme made with wheat meale, linseed, fenegreek, lupines, cam∣momel, fennel roots, beaten well, and leaves of Althea: If the stone stick fast, or rest quietly in the kidneys, beware of diureticks: you must first loosen the reines with foments, and cata∣plasmes, as aforesaid, and if the stone shall hap∣pen to fall into the bladder, or yard, and so stop

the urine; then make use of a silver Cathetur, and diureticks; the blood of the goat in saxi∣frage water is good: * 1.12 the ancients use Justinum, or Elect. Dulcis: In the fit you may use clysters, bathes, unction, Cassia, turpentine, to disturb the stone, use the clyster abovesaid, to which may be added in the boyling cammomel; roots of parietary, and aniseed, in the streining hony of of violets ℥.j. venus turpentine ℥. ss. oyles of scorpions, ʒ. ij. aut ℥. ss. give syrrup Dial∣thaea, * 1.13 to make the passages slippery in some diuretick water: but this is to be noted, that if the stone be old or hard, it is in vain to use diu∣reticks, but if it be sand, and small stones, then use those things aforesaid: If you want more, look into the Chapter of obstructions, and the three kinds of dropsies; and also into the Chap∣ter of inflammation of the reines. * 1.14 Hercules Sa∣xonia did frequently use Turpentine, and indeed it is of great force, not only to cleanse the reins and bladder from slime and gravel, but also to break the stone.

℞. * 1.15 Terebinthinae in aqua saxifragiae, vel parie∣tariae decies lotae ℥.ss. cum saceharo fiat bolus.

Vel.

℞. * 1.16 Cassiae recentur extractae ʒ. vj. terebinthinae ℥.ss. pulv. liquirit. ʒ.ij. misce fiat bolus.

Vel

℞: * 1.17 Terebinthinae ℥.ss. Pulv. lithontryptici ʒ. ij. Misce. fiat bolus. Riverius. lib. 8. cap. 1. pag. 235.

If the inflammation and pain be great, apply this cataplasme.

℞. * 1.18 Mucilaginis seminis lini, faenugraeci an. ℥.vj.

pinguedinis gallinae ℥.iv. farinae hordei q.s.fiat cataplasma. Fontan. lib. 3. cap. 31. pga. 413. Vel

℞. Ʋnguenti populeon. ℥. j. dialth. ℥.ss. misce. * 1.19 Mar quardus.

Or if that will not be sufficient, you may adde one dragme and a halfe of Opium.

Notes

• * 1.1

  〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. Causa.
• * 1.2

  Signa.
• * 1.3

  Curatio.
• * 1.4

  Victus ra∣tio.
• * 1.5

  Cassia.
• * 1.6

  Bolus.
• * 1.7

  Vinum.
• * 1.8

  Aetius. Potius diuret.
• * 1.9

  Phleboto∣mia.
• * 1.10

  Clyster.
• * 1.11

  Cataplas.
• * 1.12

  Elect. Dulcis.
• * 1.13

  Syr. alth.
• * 1.14

  Hercul. saxonia lib. 3. cap. 41. p. 346.
• * 1.15

  Bolus. Riverius.
• * 1.16

  Aliud. Riverius.
• * 1.17

  Aliud.
• * 1.18

  Cataplas. Fontan.
• * 1.19

  Ʋnguentū.