The country-mans recreation, or The art of [brace] planting, graffing, and gardening, [brace] in three books. The first declaring divers waies of planting, and graffing, and the best times of the year, with divers commodities and secrets herein, how to set or plant with the root, and without the root; to sow or set pepins or curnels, with the ordering thereof, also to cleanse your grafts and cions, to help barren and sick trees, to kill worms and vermin, and to preserve and keep fruit; how to plant and proin your vines, and to gather and presse your grape; to cleanse and mosse your trees, to make your cider and perry, with many other secret practises which shall appear in the table following. The second treateth of the hop-garden, with necessary instructions for the making and maintenance thereof, ... with some directions for tabaco. Whereunto is added, The expert gardener, containing divers necessary and rare secrets belonging to that art, ... hereunto is likewise added the Art of angling.

Worthy remedies and socrets availing against the stroying of Snailes, Cankerwormes, the long bodied Moths, Garden-fleas, Earth∣wormes, and Moles.

AFricanus, singular among the Greek writers of husbandry, reporteth, that Garden-plants and roots may well be purged and rid of the harmefull wormes, if their dennes or deep holes be smoaked, the winde aiding, with the dung of the Cow or Oxe burned.

That worthy Pliny in his first booke of Histories writeth, that if the Owner or Gardener sprinckleth the pure mother of the oyle Olive, without any salt in it, doth also drive the wormes away, and defend the Plants and Herbs from being gnawne of them. And if they shall cleave to the roots of the plants, through malice or breeding of the dung, yet this weedeth them clean away. The plants or herbs will not after be gnawne or harmed by Garden-fleas, if with the naturall remedy, as with the herbe Rocket, the Gardener shall bestow his beds in many places.

The Coleworts and all pot-herbs are greatly de∣fended from the gnawing of the Garden-fleas, by Radish growing among them. The eager or sharp vineger doth also prevaile, tempered with the juice of Henbane, and sprinkled on the garden fleas. To these, the water in which the herbe Nigella Romana shall be steeped for a night, and sprinkled on the plants, as the Greek Pamphilus reporteth, doth alike prevaile against the garden-fleas.

Paladius Rutilius reporteth, that the noisome ver∣mine or creeping things will not breed of the Pot∣herbes,

if the Gardener shall before the committing to the earth, dry all the seeds in the skin of the Tor∣toise, or sow the herbe Mint in many places of the Garden, especially among the Coleworts. The bitter Fitch and Rocket (as I before uttered) bestowed a∣mong the pot-herbs, so that the seeds be sowne in the first quarter of the Moon, doe greatly availe us. Also the Canker and Palmer wormes, which in many pla∣ces work great injury both to the Gardens and vines, may the owner or Gardener drive away with the fig-tree ashes sprinckled on them and the herbs.

There be some which sprinckle the plants and herbes made with the lee of the fig-tree ashes, but it destroyes the wormes, to strew (as experience repor∣teth) the ashes alone on them.

There be others which rather will to plant or sow that big on you, named in Latine Scilla or Squilla here and there in beds, or hang them in sundry places of the Garden.

Others also will to fixe River Cresses with nailes in many places of the garden, which if they shall yet withstand or contend with all these remedies, then may the Gardener apply to exercise this devise, in taking the Ox or Cow urine, and the mother of oyle Olive, which after the well mixing together, and heating over the fire, the same be stirred about untill it be hot, and when through cold, this mixture shall be sprinckled on the pot-herbs and trees, doth mar∣vellously prevaile, as the skilfull Anatolius of experi∣ence reporteth.

The worthy Paladias Rutilius reporteth, that if the owner or Gardener burne great bundles of the Gar∣licke blades (without heads) dried, through all the

allies of the Garden, and unto these the dung of Backes added, that the savour of the smoke (by the helpe of the wind) may be driven to many places, es∣pecially to those where they most abound and swarm, and the Gardener shall see so speedy a de∣struction, as is to be wondred at.

The worthy Pliny of great knowledge, reporteth that these may be driven from the pot-herbes, if the bitter Fitch seeds be mixed and sown together with them, or the branches of the trees, Crevises hanged up by the hornes in many places, doth like prevaile. These also are letted from increasing; yea, they in heaps presently gathered are destroied, as the Greeks report of observation, if the Gardener by taking cer∣taine Palmer or Canker-wormes out of the Garden next joyning, shall seeth them in water with Dill, and the same being through cold, shall sprinckle on the herbes and trees, that the mixture may wet and soke through the nests, even unto the young ones, cleaving together, that they may taste thereof, will speedily dispatch them. But in this doing, the Gar∣dener must be very wary, and have an attentive eye, that none of the mixture fall on his face or hands.

Besides these, the owner or Gardener may use this remedy certain, and easily prepared, if about the big armes of trees, or stumps of the herbs, he kindle and burn the stronger lime and brimstone together. Or if the owner make a smoake with the Mushromes, growing under the Nut tree, or burne the hoofs of Goats, or the gum Galbanum, or else make a smoak with the Harts horne, the winde aiding, by blowing towards them.

The husbandmen and gardeners in our turne have

found out this easie practise, being now common e∣very where: which is on this wise, that when these af∣ter-showres of rain are cropen into the warm sun, or into places standing against the Sunne, early in the morning shake either their fruits and leaves of the pot-herbes, or the boughes of the trees, for these be∣ing yet stiffe, through the cold of the night, are pro∣cured of the same, the lighter and sooner to fall, nor able after to recover up againe, so that the Palmer worms thus lying on the ground, are then in a rea∣dinesse to be killed of the Gardener.

If the owner mind to destroy any other creeping things noyous to herbes and trees, (which Paladius and Rutilius name, both herb and Leek-wasters) then let him hearken to this invention and devise of the Greek Dyophanes, who willeth to purchase the maw of a Wether sheep new killed, and the same as yet full of his excrementall filth, which lightly cover with the earth in the same place, where these most haunt in the Garden, and after two dayes shall the Gardiner find there, that the mothes with long bo∣dies, and other creeping things will be gathered in divers companies to the place right over it, which the owner shall either remove and carry further, or dig and bury very deep in the same place, that they may not after arise and come forth, which when the Gardener shall have exercised the same but twice or thrice, he shall utterly extinguish, and quite destroy all the kindes of creeping things that anoy and spoil the Garden plants.

The husbandmen in Flanders arme the stockes, and compasse the bigger armes of their trees, with wisps of straw handsomely made and fastened or

bound about, by which the Palmer wormes are con∣strained to creep up to the tops of the trees, and there staid, so that, (as it were by snares and engines laid) these in the end are driven away, or thus in their way begun, are speedily or soone after procured to turne backe againe; As unto the remedies of the Snailes particularly belongs. These may the Gardener like∣wise chase from the kitchin herbs, if he either sprin∣ckle the new mother of the oyle olive, or soot of the chimney on the herbs, as if he bestowed the bitter sitch in beds among them, which also availes against other noisome worms, and creeping things, as I afore uttered, that if the Gardener would possesse a greene and delectable Garden, let him then sprinckle dili∣gently all the quarters, beds, and borders of the Gar∣den, with the mixture of water and powder of Fenni∣greeke tempered together, or set upright in the mid∣dle of the Garden, the whole bare head without the flesh of the unchaste Asse, as I afore wrote.