The country-mans recreation, or The art of [brace] planting, graffing, and gardening, [brace] in three books. The first declaring divers waies of planting, and graffing, and the best times of the year, with divers commodities and secrets herein, how to set or plant with the root, and without the root; to sow or set pepins or curnels, with the ordering thereof, also to cleanse your grafts and cions, to help barren and sick trees, to kill worms and vermin, and to preserve and keep fruit; how to plant and proin your vines, and to gather and presse your grape; to cleanse and mosse your trees, to make your cider and perry, with many other secret practises which shall appear in the table following. The second treateth of the hop-garden, with necessary instructions for the making and maintenance thereof, ... with some directions for tabaco. Whereunto is added, The expert gardener, containing divers necessary and rare secrets belonging to that art, ... hereunto is likewise added the Art of angling.

Otherwise.

When the stump is unco••ered and clean burnisht

at the soft place, then tie him fast, that he cleave no further than to the length of your sprout, which you must graffe upon him, and then leave the prick in it, then make your sprout pointed like a prick, so that the middle be not touched, then put it into the cleft, having cleansed the hole first with the point of a knife, so that one bark may touch the other, and out∣ward one wood another, to the end, the moisture may have the more easier his course, then pull out the pricke, and that which remaines open and bare be∣tween the cleft and the sprout, that bind well every where with the bark of the tree, or with hard pres∣sing with a little sand, or with dung of an Oxe, or with waxe, or with a linnen cloth washed in waxe, that no raine, winde or worms may hurt it. This helpeth much to keep the moistnesse in, which com∣meth from the root, that it cannot breake out, but nourisheth the better the new plant; but when the stumps are great, they be cleaved after two waies. The first is, that you cut or cleave the tree with a knife at one side only, even to the heart, and that you graft into it but one sprout. The other is, that you cleave it all over, and that you prick or graft on every side one sprout, or one alone, and leave the o∣ther side without.

When the stump is but a little bigger, then the sprout must necessarily be cloven in two, and you must graft but one sprout into it, as is said in the be∣ginning.

This cleaving may be done in February, March, and Aprill, then it is good to cut them before they be greene, for to keepe them the better under the ground, in cold or moist places.