Pharmaceutice rationalis: or, The operations of medicines in humane bodies. The second part. With copper plates describing the several parts treated of in this volume. By Tho. Willis, M.D. and Sedley Professor in the University of Oxford.

SECT. III. CHAP. II. Of Remedies restraining or stopping of Blood.

EVen as Art imitates Nature in letting forth the blood by Phlebotomy offend∣ing in plenty, or temperament, or in its motion,* 1.1 so it succours her being dis∣eased or working wrong, by stopping the flux of blood whensoever it is im∣moderate or hurtfull. Whereas there are various and many species of an Hemorrhage, there is no need of Physick for them all. If perhaps a great effusion of blood happens by a solution of unity, excited by an outward accident, as a wound, or stroke, Chirurgery suggests the manner of Administrations whereby it should be restrained. Moreover, an Hemorrhage as long as it shall be Critical, ought to be disturbed by no Medicine, but left to the meer government of Nature (as long as she does aright use her power;) and as to the Symptomatic, whilest it is little or not much troublesome, there is required no Physick: notwithstanding there is great need of it, if at any time the Flux of blood be either immoderate, or flow out by unapt places.

Eruptions of blood of this last kind chiefly challenge a Cure,* 1.2 if perhaps the blood be cast upward by Coughing or Vomit, or downwards by seige, or thrown off through the Ureters. For in these cases, though the quantity of the Blood excreted, be not much to be dreaded, notwithstanding because often a dangerous or mortal Ulcer en∣sues the solution of the Unity so made in the Lungs, or in the Stomach, Guts, or in a Vein; therefore we must industriously rancounter those Hemorrhagies from their first appearance. Therefore among the Diseases of those parts,* 1.3 such bloody excreti∣ons are accounted; but we have already in another place delivered the Theories of Spitting Blood, and of the affection Dysenterical, and the reasons of healing them, so that there is no need to repeat them here; neither also to propound here a reme∣dy for bloody Urine, for that it belongs to the Nephritic Pathology; wherefore we will pass to those Passions, for which by reason of an immoderate efflux of blood, there is great need of restraining Medicines.

The kinds of these Affections are chiefly three, viz. Haemorrhage of the Nostrils,* 1.4 of the Flowers, and the immoderate Flux of the Hemorrhoids: The Cure of which last doth belong more to Chirurgery than Physick, and I think it best to referre the other to the hysterical Pathologie. Here properly belongs to this place the blood flowing out of the Nostrile, being the most general kind of passions of the sort,* 1.5 and common to every Age, Sex and Temperament, so that from the Diagnostick and Therapeutick of it duely assign'd, the uses and efficacies of Medicines stopping blood will best appear: for what we proffer for the unfolding the Causes and Cure of this bloody eruption, may be accommodated unto all other dreadful Hemorrhagies.

It is observable enough, that the Flux of blood from the Nostrils doth happen to most men from extraordinary occasions; for as oft as the blood, about to break out through its own turgescency, or through laxity of the vessels, is apt in some place to make or find its way, it is, by a certain instinct of Nature, very often directed to the Nostrils, as to the part most easily opened.* 1.6 The vessels from whence it flows in that place, are slips of the arterial Branch going from the Carotides, after having pass'd the Cranium, it comes to the basis of the Cerebrum; for this proceeding near to the mammillary Processes, sends very many twigs from it self every where about, of which some eminent ones passing the hole of the Sieve-like Bone with the smelling Nerves, are distributed through the glandulous membrane, investing the windings of the top of the Nose. These nasal Arteries departing first from the Trunk of the Carotides within the skull, anticipate part of the blood chiefly serous from the brain, and lay aside the Serum it self and other watery recrements into the glandules of the Nostrils, as into the proper Emunctories of that Region, whence they distill into the cavity thereof. Wherefore, if the mouths of those little Arteries do alwayes gape somewhat by reason of the sweating out of the Serum, it is no marvel if the blood it self being made more turgid, opening them a little more (which often are too loose of themselves) bursts forth of dores. Indeed this Emissary both of the Serum and of the Blood, being apt ordinarily to open, or on any occasion,

prevents or cures great incommodities of the brain, or of the Praecordia, yea and sometimes of the whole body.

For in the first place,* 1.7 this way the Serum (as I said) is derived from the head, and when the mouths of those Vessels are vellicated or provoked by any sneezing Medi∣cine put into the Nostrils, the Serum is from thence more abundantly drawn out; which yet doth not descend from the Brain (as is commonly thought) but is antici∣pated by these nasal arteries, lest it should go to it; from which when it is more plen∣tifully drained and brought forth by the use of Errhines, for that cause the Brain be∣comes more serene and exempt from vapours. Then secondly, lest the Brain should be overwhelmed at any time by blood more impetuously overflowing, a portion here∣of passing through these vessels and breaking out, easily prevents it.

But sometimes it happens that an Haemorrhage of this kind,* 1.8 rather becomes a Disease than a Remedy; for whensoever the blood flows out more often and more abundantly than is fit from the Nostril, if life be not immediately hazarded by reason of too great loss, yet the remaining mass of the blood being impoverished thereby, and losing its temper, acquires a cachectick and frequently an hydropick disposition; even as we have clearly intimated before, where we also have shewn the Aetiologie of this distem∣per in common with other too great Hemorrhagies, either to consist in the fault of the blood, or of the vessels, or of both together.

First,* 1.9 the blood bringing an Hemorrhage of it self, offends either in Quantity or Quality; and therefore while occasionally it boyls up, it cannot be contained within the vessels, but either opening their mouths by distending them, or unlocking them by its acrimony,* 1.10 it skips out: To which happens that the blood being sometimes dissolved in its consistence, and as it were infected, becomes unfit to continue the course of Circulation, inasmuch as portions thereof separating from one another, are partly fixed in the flesh or skin, having suffer'd death; and partly breaking out, stirre up frequently dreadful, and sometimes mortal Haemorrhagies, as every where is discovered in malignant Feavers, and sometimes in the Scurvy. Notwithstanding the blood offending by meer Quantity or Acrimony, unless the fault of the Vessels happening thereon provoke the flux thereof, or too easily permit it, seldom breaks out into a great Hemorrhage.

Therefore secondly,* 1.11 the vessels bringing blood, as often as they conspire to produce that affection, are usually in the fault, either first inasmuch as their small mouths gaping, by reason of the fibres being too loose and weak, do not readily enough transvasate the blood out of the Arteries into the Veins; which fault happens to scorbutick and cachectical persons; or secondly inasmuch as by reason of the same moving fibres being affected with the Cramp and Convulsion, the blood being snatcht impetuously to and fro, and chiefly towards the Head, is constrained to break out to continue the thread of circulation, even as it will plainly appear in the case of a Pa∣tient which shall be shewn below.

1.* 1.12 As to the Prognosticks, although an immoderate flux of Blood, in the Small-Pox, Measles, malignant Feavers, and in the Plague, doth ever presage evil, and is expedient to be stopt; notwithstanding it ought to be restrained not by meer cool∣ing or revulsory things, but to be chang'd by temperate Hydroticks into sweat∣ing.

2. An Haemorrhage of the Nostrils, though not great, is more dangerous in Ca∣checticks with a weak Pulse, and a cold sweat, than a plentifull Hemorrhage in men endued with a Pulse strong enough, and blood very fervent.

3. They who are obnoxious to this Disease, by reason of a Dyscrasie of blood and loosness of the vessels, if there come upon both these a convulsive disposition of the fibres of the little Arteries, they receive a far more difficult Cure, and frequently are reduced to extream languishings by reason of the great losses of blood.

4. From those who are feaverish, when much blood shall flow out of the Nostrils, and does not terminate the disease, often-times in the place of a Crisis a delirous or a so∣poriferous affection succeeds. There are many other prognosticks about a Hemor∣rhage accurately remarkt by Hippocrates, which notwithstanding properly belonging to the discourse of a Feaver, we omit in this place; for truly, the Cure in general of this Distemper is here almost only intended.

About which there will be three primary Indications,* 1.13 to wit, Curatory, Vital, and Preservatory; the two former respect immediately the symptom to be stopt, as often as it shall be urgent; and the last is busie about removing the Cause of the Disease,

that so the assaults of the Hemorrnage may be small, or not at all. Besides, an He∣morrhage ought to be handled one way without a Feaver, and after a different man∣ner if pressed with a Feaver.

Therefore whensoever without a feaver much blood shall flow out of the Nose,* 1.14 pre∣sently as there shall be need of stopping Remedies, there will be three chief intentions of Curing, all being together assumed into practice, viz. Let the turgescency of blood be bridled, that it may be less disposed into inordinate tendencies. Moreover in like manner let it be endeavoured, that as well its fluxion being withdrawn from the Nostrils may be diverted to another place, as that the mouths of the Vessels gaping within the Nostrils be shut: for which purpose Remedies as well external as internal very many and of diverse kinds are wont to be exhibited; of the former we will en∣treat in order briefly.

First therefore let the Patient be quiet, plac'd with his head upright,* 1.15 then let many of the Joints of his Arms and Thighs, but not all, be bound with strait Ligatures, which ought now and then to be loosened and removed to other parts; for all being bound together and long, by reason of the blood being held in the outward parts,* 1.16 and too much detained from the heart, hath caused most dreadful swoundings; but otherwise this Remedy being prudently administred, frequently helps. For when the blood by this means running into the members by the Arteries, is stopt, that it pre∣sently returns not by the veins, its more impetuous spreading it self into the head is impeded. Moreover, by the painfull Ligatures of the Joints, the muscular Fibres of the Carotides Arteries are preserved from Cramps which oftentimes come upon them.

Secondly, For diverting the tendency of blood from the Nostrils,* 1.17 it is sometimes expedient to breath a Vein in the Arm or in the Foot. For by how much more blood is carryed by the Arteries to the vein cut, by so much less will the afflux be towards the Nostrils. Yet this administration does not always so help, but sometimes a con∣trary effect thereof happens, as we have already observed in spitting blood. The reason whereof is, that the vessels being suddenly and not sufficiently emptyed, suck up again the disagreeable humours formerly ejected, and stagnating within the pores, whereby the blood incontinently is stirred up into a greater eruptive tur∣gescency.

Thirdly, Cold things applyed to the Forehead and Temples,* 1.18 also to the Nape of the Neck, where the vertebral Arteries ascend, cause the vessels to be bound toge∣ther, and the flux of blood to be somewhat stopt or repelled. Notwithstanding it is ill which some advise, that cooling Topicks be applyed to the Jugular Veins; for so the blood being retarded in its recourse, flows the more plentifully out of the No∣strils. Moreover, what is usual, to apply linty Cloaths, or a Spunge moistened with Vinegar, to the Pubes and Testicles, helps by no other means than the ligature of the members, to wit, inasmuch as the flowing back of the venous Blood is impe∣ded. A sudden and unexpected sprinkling of cold water on the face, frequently stops an Haemorrhage, inasmuch as it gives an impression of terror.

Fourthly, Cupping-glasses applyed upon the Hypochondres, Flanches,* 1.19 inner part of the Thighs, and the soles of the feet, are accounted a famous remedy as well with the ancient, as with modern Physitians, for diverting a tendency of the blood from the Nostrils. And the reason is plain, viz. because a Cupping-glass being put on, the impulse of air being prohibited by the space of the orifice, and encreased every where about, presently the blood and humours, yea and vapours, and solid parts, being call'd from any other tendency, are driven towards the empty space of the Glass.

Fifthly,* 1.20 Rubbing of the extream parts are commended in this distemper by some Practitioners, which we judge not always useful, nay scarce safe; because, although they solicit a greater appulse of the blood to the feet or hands, yet they so hasten the re∣turn thereof, that the whole mass of blood being raised into an effervescence, it ha∣zards a more violent tendency towards the Nostrils.

Sixthly, Zacutus Lusitanus among his revulsory Remedies,* 1.21 propounds an actual Cau∣tery to be applyed to the sole of either foot; and Crato the bending the little finger of the same side, which because done with no trouble we may try; but we advise not so of the former, unless the way of helping were more certain, which might com∣pensate the pain and lameness that would ensue thereon. Seventhly, Swounding raised by any means, presently stops an Haemorrhage,* 1.22 how∣ever

contumacious it be; wherefore when such bleeding persons are taken out of their beds, or when they do timorously admit of Phlebotomie, though but sparingly, or have their members bound for a longer time, or are suddenly affrighted with some feigned rumour, or by some other occasion fall into a swouning or fainting of the spirits, the flux of blood ceases thereon presently. The reason whereof is evident enough, for that as soon as the motion of the heart fails, presently the blood and spi∣rits rush thither, and so every outward flux is stopt on a sudden, and what was im∣moderate before, doth not again return.

Eighthly,* 1.23 In the last place, for repressing the flux of blood from the Nostrils, Reme∣dies ought to be recited, which are said to operate after an occult manner, by Sym∣pathy or Antipathy,* 1.24 of which sort first is the sympathetick powder, made of Roman Vitriol calcin'd to a whiteness by the Summer Sun; also a piece of wood cut from a young Ash first sprouting about the time the Sun enters Taurus; the efficacy of which remedy in the late Civil Wars many worthy of credit attest to have been ap∣proved for stopping the Hemorrhages of wounded Souldiers: Yea some still with much confidence prescribe it in all eruptions of blood. I confess the reasons of ef∣fects of this kind are concealed from me, if so be they happen often. Besides, it seems not a less Empirical and irrational Remedy, that a silk Bag with a dry Toad in it,* 1.25 worn on the pit of the Stomach, stops any kind of Hemorrhage, and prevents its return: unless (according to the Aetiology of Helmontius) that the application terrifying the Archaus, compells the blood being astonish'd, either to go back, or desist from its inordinate excursion.

There remain very many famous Medicines whose Operations are wont to be re∣ferred to hidden Causes and secret vertue;* 1.26 as are Necklaces of Blood-stone hung about the Neck, also the moss of a humane Skull carryed in the hand; Epithemes of the leaves of Nettles bruised and applyed to the soles of the feet, and the Palms of the hands; the Empirical administrations of which kind, when they may be admi∣nistred without trouble or cost, we make no refusal of; since in a dangerous case every thing is to be attempted; and applications of that sort do help sometimes in re∣spect that they fortifie the imagination of the patient.

While such like outward Administrations are used,* 1.27 for repressing or calling aside the flux of blood out of the Nostrils, also other Topicks are put up into the Nostrils, which may shut the gaping mouths of the vessels, for which use the injections of liquid things, Pledgets, Powders to be blown in, and Fumes are wont to be prescribed, which not helping, in the last place we descend to Escharoticks.

Ninthly,* 1.28 Among Liquids, not only first, but as good as all others is esteemed the solution of Vitriol in Fountain-water. Some boast this for a great secret, and a most certain Remedy. Indeed the same being applyed to a fresh wound, forasmuch as it shuts the ends of the cut vessels, by wrinkling them up, it restrains and presently stops the flux of blood. But that application in Hemorrhages of the Nostrils, where the blood being brought to the gaping mouths of the little Arteries, ought to be received by the Veins, in regard it shuts them as well or rather than those, it succeeds little, and sometimes not at all, as I have known it frequently experi∣mented. This Medicine is prepared of Green Vitriol, viz. of Hungary, or of our Countrey, also of the fictitious Vitriol of Mars dissolved in a sufficient quantity of Spring-water. I know some commend the solution of Roman Vitriol, which they not only apply by injection, but also to a linnen cloath dipt in the blood are wont to administer it sympathetically. Moreover the water of the infusion of white Vi∣triol prepared with Bole and Camphire, I have known to be used successefully as well in wounds, as often in other Hemorrhagies.

Tenthly,* 1.29 Since water cast into the Nostrils, doth not adhere enough to the mouths of the Vessels, but is washed away by the breaking out of the blood, before it can exert its Virtue, it is therefore more expedient either that a Styptick powder be blown in, or that a Pledget dipt in the water of Vitriol, either by it self, or strewed with an astringent powder, be thrust into the upper part of the Nostril. For this purpose many and several kinds of styptick powders have been prescribed, I have fre∣quently used either Crocus Martis calcin'd to the highest redness, or the powder of Camphorated Vitriol, or the vitriolic Soot scrap't from the bottom of an old Brass Pot, the powder whereof I have often used with success in this case. In obstinate He∣morrhagies not yielding to other remedies, let Pledgets, whose tops are dipt in Cau∣stick Colcothar, be put up deep into the Nostrils, that the mouths of the Vessels

being burnt, and covered with an Eschar, all flux of blood may be presently stopt. Many other Errhines to stop bleeding are accounted famous with Practitioners,* 1.30 as Hogs-dung, thrust into the Nostrils, which by the meer ill savour is thought to re∣pell the blood; also the smoak of Blood dropping on hot Iron,* 1.31 repercuss'd into the Nose, the Powder being burnt is also taken inwardly. The moss of a humane Skull unburied, put into the Nostrils, is commended by many for this effect: but these latter applications ought to be referred to the sympathetick Aetiologie, if they avail any thing.

These things concerning outward Remedies stopping blood, the vertue and effi∣cacy of which ought at the same time to be promoted by intern Remedies, seasonably exhibited and cooperating.

Therefore a slender Diet being instituted,* 1.32 and the Patient ordered to keep himself in an upright posture, or not much supine, while the aforesaid Administrations are orderly administred, medicines appropriated to the same end are also prescribed to be taken inwardly. There will be two scopes of Remedies of this sort, viz. 1. That the effer∣vescency of Blood whether incentive or fermentative being suppressed, the liquor there∣of being restrained within the vessels, may pleasingly circulate. 2. That the more impetuous motion of the heart driving about the blood too rapidly, may be dedpressed by apt Sufflamina's.

1.* 1.33 The first Intention requires Medicines that suppress the too much kindling of the blood, and appease the undue fermentation thereof, for which intents I usually prescribe the ensuing Remedies.

Take of the water of Plantane, red Poppy, Purslain, and frog-Spawn,* 1.34 of each four ounces, Syrup of water-Lillies two ounces, Sal Prunella one dram, mix them for a Ju∣lep, the dose three ounces three or four times a day.

Take Barly-water two pound, Red-rose leaves one handfull,* 1.35 Spirit of Vitriol what suffices to make it gratefull, or about half a dram, make an Infusion warm for extract∣ing the Tincture, adde Syrup of St. John's-wort two ounces: the dose three or four ounces, as oft as they please day or night.

Take leaves of stinging Nettles, of Plantane, of each three handfuls, pour upon them being bruised Plantane-water 6 ounces, press them strongly, let the strained liquor be taken.

2. For the second Intention, to wit,* 1.36 for the cooling of the heart too vehemently beating, Hypnoticks and Opiates are convenient.

Take water of red Poppies three ounces,* 1.37 Syrup of Diacodium half an ounce, make a draught to take at night. Or,

Take Conserve of red Roses an ounce and a half, Powder of Henbane, and white Poppy-seeds of each two drams, Syrup of Poppyes, enough to make an Opiate. The dose the quan∣tity of a Nutmeg every six or eight hours.

Take of Laudanum Cydoniatum one dram, the dose fifteen drops twice a day in a convenient Vehicle.

These things touching an immoderate Hemorrhage, and the Remedies thereof,* 1.38 when it happens without a Feaver: but that which coming in a feaver ought to be stopt in regard of the too great loss of Blood, is either Critical making an immoderate excursion, by reason of some accident, for which the Method and Medicines even now prescribed with caution and respect had to the Feaver may be accommodated; or meerly Symptomatical, which being excited in a malignant and Spotted Feaver, Small-pox, Measles, or the Plague, neither scarcely can, nor ought to be stopt with the Remedies above recited. For letting of blood is not convenient, repelling Topicks, also cooling Juleps, or Decoctions, and Narcoticks, have no place here: The chief intention of Healing will be to change the Hemorrhage into Sweating, for a gentle Sweat being raised, the flux of Blood often ceases, if it be not very dangerous.

Take water of Meadow sweet, Tormentil, of each four ounces,* 1.39 Saxons cool Cordial two ounces, Treacle water an ounce and a half, Acetum Bozoardicum three drams, Sy∣rup of Croal an ounce and a half, Confection of Hyacinths two drams, make a Julep, the dose six spoonfuls, every third hour.

Take of the Powder of Toads prepared half a dram, Camphire two grains, take it every sixth hour, with the forementioned Julep. Or,

Take Powder of Scarlet-cloth from half a dram to two Scruples, as before.

Take Consection of Hyacinths three drams, Powder of Scarlet-cloth on edram, Syrup of Corals enough to make a Confection; the dose the quantity of a Nutmeg every other hour.

Take of Bistort and Tormentil-roots, of each one ounce, the leaves of Meadowsweet, Pimpernel, Wood-sorrel, of each one handful, burnt Harts-horn two drams, Shavings of Ivory and Hart horn, of each two drams, boyl them in Spring-water from three pound to two, adding about the end Conserve of red Roses three ounces; the dose three ounces being strained, often in a day.

2.* 1.40 Hitherto of the first Indication Curatory, together with the scopes of healing, and forms of Remedies, appointed for a Haemorrhage of the Nose happening with or without a feaver. The second Indication Vital only prescribes a slender Diet, tem∣perate Cordial,* 1.41 and a fit handling of the Patient. The Provision of the first is so small and easie, that there seems no need to appoint a Measure and Rules for it par∣ticularly. About the latter the chief question is, whether we ought to retain them within or out of their beds. Without doubt the languishing, and those obnoxious to often swounings, are not to be roused up, unless (as we have already hinted) it be for a Curatory attempt: as to others less weak, it seems so to be determijned. Those whose Blood does not easily transpire by reason of the constipation of the pores,* 1.42 and is incited into a greater turgescence from the heat of the bed, and proner to break out, it will be expedient they not only remain out of bed while bleeding, but also sometimes through extern applications to be cooled in the whole habit of their body, or at least in most of their members. Wherefore, Fabritius Hildanus relates he suddenly cured one of a great Hemorrhage of the Nostrils, after many things tryed in vain, by putting him into a vessel of cold water. Also with like success Riverius cured another affected in like manner, being taken out of his bed, and laid on a woollen Matte on the Pavement, he bathed his whole body with Linnen dipt in Oxycrate. Yet this method is not alike convenient for all persons, or at all seasons; but on the contrary, those whose blood is halituous, and enjoying more open pores, doth evaporate easily, mnad being wont to be dissolved by a more moderate heat encompassing them, into sweat, and from thence find themselves more quiet, it is more convenient that they remain within the bed, not only while the blood breaks out, but as long as there is danger of its return. For this reason it is, that many obnoxious to dreadful Hemorrhagies, during the Summer, when they tran∣spire more freely, live exempt from that disease, but the Winter cold pressing them, by reason of their pores being bound up, they suffer under more frequent and dread∣ful Invasions.

3.* 1.43 The third Indication Preservatory, which regarding the removing the Cause of that disease, either stops the eruptions of blood, or renders the same more rare, or less, and suggests these two Intentions of healing, viz. 1. That the blood being restored to its due temperament and mixture, may quietly circulate within the ves∣sels, without turgescency and breaking out. 2. That the Vessels carrying Blood, as to the structure of their little mouths, and the tenours of the muscular fibres, may be contained in their due state; so that they neither cause those inordinate tenden∣cies of blood towards the Head, nor suffer effluxes out of the nose: For both these ends too great plenty and impurity of the Blood are carefully to be provided against by Phlebotomy and Purgation seasonably used; afterwards for procuring and con∣serving its good temperature, the following Alteratives may be given at fit seasons of healing.

Take of Conserve of red Roses,* 1.44 of Hipps, an. three ounce, powder of all the Sanders an. half a dram, Coral prepared one dram, of the reddest Crocus Martis two drams, Sal Pru∣nella four Scruples, with Syrup of Coral, make an Electuary, take the quantity of a Chesnut early in the morning and at night, by it self, or drinking after it three ounces of the following water.

Take the tops of Cypresse, Tamaris, an. eight handfuls, St. Johns-wort, Tamarisk, Horsetail an. four handfuls, of all the Sanders bruised an. one ounce, of the Crum of White∣bread two pound, slice them small, and pour on them of new milk eight pound, distill

in a cold Still, sweeten each dose when taken with Syrup of the juice of Plantane.

Take leaves of Plantane, Brooklime, stinging Nettles, of each four handfuls, to them bruised pour half a pound of the foregoing water, of small Cinnamon-water two ounces, press them strong, the dose three ounces to four, at Nine in the Morning, and at Five in the Afternoon.

Madicines of this sort are taken in Spring and Autumn for twenty or thirty dayes, with sometimes a gently Purge coming between. In Summer let them drink Mineral Steel-waters for a Month, than which in this case there is not a better Remedy. Out of many Examples of persons labouring with an Hemorrhage, we only propose this one singular case.

I was lately consulted at a distance for a certain Gentleman that had suffered fre∣quent and great eruptions of blood, one while at the Nostrils,* 1.45 anotehr while at the Hemorrhoid Vessels. He had frequently used Phlebotomy by perswasion of his friends, without benefit; yea frequently falling into cold Sweats and Swounings after breathing a vein, and notwithstanding obnoxious to eruptions of blood, he was wont to be much worse. I prescribed Juleps (having not yet seen him) and cooling Decoctions, and Anodyhnes, also the juicy expressions of herbs, and other things cooling the blood, but even from these, (as if all still far enough from the scope) he was nothing the better. At length being sent for into the Countrey to visit him, I found the affection under which he suffered to be meerly or chiefly convulsive; for whereas he daily bled, his Pulse was weak, the extreme parts cold, and all his Vessels as being too much emptyed fell flat;* 1.46 also the patient was affected with a continual Vertigo and trembling of heart, and by and by with a swouning or fear of it. Really the blood was so far from breaking out by reason of turgescentce, that rather the stream thereof being de∣pressed and small, it seemed scarce enough to sustain the current of Circulation. Not∣withstanding the truth of the matter was, he was often sensible of something in his body creeping one while upward, another while downward like wind, and for the most part the flux of blood out of his Nostrils or Hemorrhoids, followed the tendency of that motion: henced it was easie to conclude, that the moving fibres of the Vessels carrying blood, by which they are contracted, being affected with a Convulsion, did disorderly convey the stream of blood however small and low, to and from, and so compell it into Eruptions: which also happen'd the easier, inasmuch as the mouths of the vessels being laxe and gaping, suffered the blood forc'd into them to flow out without any due resistance.* 1.47 The instituted method of Curing did plainly approve of this Aetiology, inasmuch as it happily succeeded, leaning on this supposition; for Blood∣letting, and the use of Medicines stopping blood being at last omitted, I prescribed the use of the ensuing Powder, a dose whereof he took every sixth hour with a fit∣ting Julep.

Take the powder of male Poeonie, red Coral, Pearles, of each one dram, Ivory, Crabs∣eyes, Blood stone of each half a dram, Lapis Prunellae one dram, make a Powder, the dose half a dram.

Take of Black-cherrie water eight ounces, Balm, Barly Cinnamon-water, of each two ounces, Treacle-water one ounce, Syrup of Coral an ounce and a half.

But I commanded that Ligatures should be applyed to certain places by a constant course, and by and by to other places as occasion should be given, as well to stop as to intercept the Convulsions of the Vessels; and by remedies of this kind, and means of administration, he recovered his health in a short space, without any return of the disease.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Every Hemor∣rhage is not to be stopt.
• * 1.2

  But only the im∣moderate and inconvenient.
• * 1.3

  The chief Cases of the latter are reckoned.
• * 1.4

  And also of the former.
• * 1.5

  For the present the Cure of the Hemorrhage of the Nostrils is only propounded.
• * 1.6

  A description of the Vessels from which Blood flowes.
• * 1.7

  They are the same by which the Serum di∣stills to the Nostrils.
• * 1.8

  The Blood flow∣ing forth in too great plenty from these Ves∣sels, is very hurtfull.
• * 1.9

  The causes of such an immoderate flux.
• * 1.10

  1. From the fault of the Blood.
• * 1.11

  2. From the fault of the Vessels.
• * 1.12

  Prognosticks.
• * 1.13

  Three primary Indications of Cure.
• * 1.14

  The Curatory In∣dication sug∣gests three in∣tentions of heal∣ing.
• * 1.15

  Outward reme∣dies to stop the flux of blood.
• * 1.16

  1. Ligatures.
• * 1.17

  2. Bleeding.
• * 1.18

  3. Application of cold things.
• * 1.19

  4. Cupping-glasses.
• * 1.20

  5. Frictions.
• * 1.21

  6. Cauteries.
• * 1.22

  7. Faintings.
• * 1.23

  Remedies by Sympathy and Antipathy.
• * 1.24

  1. Sympathe∣tick powder. 2. Young Ash¦wood.
• * 1.25

  3. A dry Toad.
• * 1.26

  4. A Blood∣stone. 5. Mosse.
• * 1.27

  Topicks closing the mouths of the Vessels.
• * 1.28

  6. Escharoticks. The injection of Vitriol water.
• * 1.29

  10. Pledgets.
• * 1.30

  Hogs-dung.
• * 1.31

  Burnt Blood.
• * 1.32

  Inward Reme∣dyes, whereof are two inten∣tions.
• * 1.33

  1. Things ap∣peasing the ef∣fervescency of the blood.
• * 1.34

  Juleps.
• * 1.35

  Tinctures.
• * 1.36

  2. Intention, to cool the motion of the Heart,
• * 1.37

  Is done by Hyp∣noticks.
• * 1.38

  Of a Hemor∣rhage in a ma∣lignant Feaver.
• * 1.39

  Remedies.
• * 1.40

  Second Indica∣tion vital.
• * 1.41

  The Position of the Sick.
• * 1.42

  Sometimes in bed, and some∣times out.
• * 1.43

  Third Indica∣tion Preserva∣tory hath two intentions of healing.
• * 1.44

  Forms of Re∣medies.
• * 1.45

  An Example of a rare Hemor∣rhage.
• * 1.46

  Its Aetiologie.
• * 1.47

  His Cure.