Historical antiquities, in two books the first treating in general of Great-Brettain and Ireland : the second containing particular remarks concerning Cheshire / faithfully collected out of authentick histories, old deeds, records, and evidences, by Sir Peter Leycester, Baronet ; whereunto is annexed a transcript of Doomsday-book, so far as it concerneth Cheshire, taken out of the original record.

OF IRELAND.

CHAP. I.

Of the Name, Situation, and ancient Inhabitants of Ireland.

I. IRELAND is called by Orpheus, Aristotle, and Claudian, IERNE; by Juvenal and Mela, IWERNA; by Diodorus Siculus, IRIS; by Martianus of Heracleota, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 by Eustathius, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 and BEP'NIA; by the Natives, ERIN; by the Bret∣tans, YUERDON; and by the English, IRELAND; and Cambden most probably concludes, that Hibernia, and Iwerna, and 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, flow from Aristotle's and Orpheus's Ierne, and that Ierna, Iuerhdon, Iris, and Ireland, do all spring from Erin, as the Inhabitants themselves do call it; which Cambden conje∣ctureth to come from the Irish word Hier, which in that Language signifies The West Point; so that Erin denotes as much as The West Countrey, or Western Land.

The Irish Bards in their Songs called it Tirvolac, Toridanan, and Banno, as by much the most ancient Names of that Island; but why (saith Cambden) I cannot tell, unless Banno be that Bannomanna which Pliny mentions out of Timaeus, whiles he relates the ut∣most Parts of Europe, and the Shore of the North Ocean on the left Hand, from Scythia even to the Gades. What that Bannomanna was, is not yet known to Geographers: But Biaun in Irish, is Holy in English; and Festus Avienus calleth this of Ireland, The Holy Island.

If that Ogygia, which Plutarch placeth at the West of our Brettaine, be no Dream, but a true Vision, he may seem to point out Ireland by that Name; howbeit, the things which he speaks of are meer Poetical Fictions, and Milesian Fables: nor can any tell why they named it Ogygia, unless perhaps from the Antiquity; for the Grecians call nothing Ogygia, but what is very ancient.

II. It containeth 300 Miles in length, and scarce 120 in breadth, and hath England on the East, from whence it is severed by a boisterous Sea, called The Channel of St. George, or The Irish Sea. On the West part it is environed with the vast Ocean, called The Western Ocean; on the North, with the Deucalidonian Ocean; and on the South, with the Vergivian Ocean; situate under the eighth and tenth Climates; the longest Day being 16 Hours and a half in the Southern Parts, and 17 Hours and 3 quarters in the Northern.

III. It is observed among other things, that in this Island there is neither Snake nor Toad, nor any venomous Creature, neither will any such live in that Soil, if brought

from other Places. And all living Creatures in Ireland are of a lesser size in their Kind than those in England, except Women and Greyhounds, and those are bigger than with us in England. It abounds with Sheep and Cattel, but much infested with Wolves. The Kernes, or wild Irish, are extremely barbarous.

IV. To omit the many Fables devised by the ancient Irish Historians, as that Cae∣sarea, the Neece of Noah, should inhabit here before the Flood, with many other of the like stamp. It seems to be Peopled very anciently by the Brettans, for that many ancient words in the Irish Language do savour of the British Original; and that the Irish and the Brettans were not much different in their Dispositions and Manners, as Tacitus saith; and that by all ancient Writers, as Diodorus Siculus, Ptolemy, and Strabo, it is reckoned among the British Islands. And there is no Nation (by reason of the nearness) whence they may pass more commodiously to Ireland, than out of our Bret∣tain, from whence they may be as soon wafted into Ireland, as out of France into Brettain.

We read not that ever the Romans subdued Ireland; but in the declining State of the Roman Empire, the Nation of the Scots or Scythians (Celto Scythae, ut habet Strabo, omnes olìm ad occasum Populi dicti) waxed strong in Ireland. Orosius writes, That in the time of Honorius and Arcadius, Emperors, Ireland was inhabited by the Scots about Anno Christi 400.

These Scots came out of Spain into Ireland, and part of them going again out of Ire∣land into the North of Brettain (sub Duce Reudâ, à quo Dal-Reudini vocantur; Bede de Hist. Ang. lib. 1. cap. 1.) Seated themselves there, and added a third Nation in Bret∣taine to the Picts and Brettans, and afterwards from those Scots the whole North of Brettain was called Scotland even to this day.

And from those Scots inhabitng Ireland, that Kingdom was by Isidore and Bede cal∣led Scotia; Haec propriè Patria Scottorum est, saith Bede of Ireland, l. 1. de Hist. Ang. c. 1.

Anno Christi 684. Egfrid, King of Northumberland, wasted Ireland. Bede, ib. l. 4. c. 26.

Anno Christi 838. the Norwegians, under the Command of Turgesius, for 30 Years miserably wasted Ireland; but he being slain by Treachery, the Inhabitants slew all the Norwegians. Giraldus Topogram. Hiberniae, Distinct. 3. cap. 37. These Norwegians without doubt were those Normans, who (as Rhegino saith) in the Times of Charles the Great setting upon Ireland, the Island of the Scots, were put to flight by the Scots.

Afterwards the Oustmanni, that is, The Eastern Men, came from the Sea-coast of Ger∣many into Ireland, under pretence of Merchandize, and soon after raised a great War.

About the same time almost, Edgar, King of England, overcame a great part of Ire∣land, and subjected it under his Dominion. Cambden's Britannia, pag. 731.

But besides these, there arose great Dissention among the Irish themselves, which made way to the conquering of Ireland: for the King of England, Hen. II. taking notice of these Jars, Treated seriously with his Nobles of England, about the Year 1155. concerning the conquering of Ireland, for the use of his Brother William of Angeau; but by the Advice of his Mother Maude, the Empress, the Matter was at that time defer∣red. Not many Years after, Dermot Mac Morrog, King of Leinster, (being driven out of his Kingdom by Rodoric, King of Connaught, and Monarch of Ireland) implores the Aid of Hen. II. who condescending thereunto, Dermot prevailed with Richard de Clare, Earl of Pembroke, sirnamed Strongbow (Son of Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Pembroke, which Gilbert was a younger Son of Gilbert, Earl of Clare in Suffolk) to raise Forces for his Assistance, Covenanting to make Strongbow his Successor in the Kingdom of Leinster, and to give unto him Eva his Daughter in Marriage. Hereupon Strongbow gathers an Army of se∣lect Soldiers in Wales and England, accompanied with Fitz-Gerald, Fitz-Stephen, and other Gentlemen, and in few Years obtained so great a part of Ireland, that Hen. II. fearing his Power, sends out his Proclamation in Anno 1171. That Strongbow and other his Associates should return back out of Ireland by Easter next, or else be utterly Disinherited for ever. Strongbow returns into England; the King is pacified with him, Conditionally, that he surrender Dublin to the King, with the Cantreds adjoyning, and also all the Maritime Towns and Castles; the residue of his Conquest he must ac∣knowledge to hold from the King of England and his Heirs. So Giraldus.

CHAP. II.

Of the chief Persons in the Conquest of Ireland.

I. RIchard Strongbow, Earl of Pembroke, a Man much in Debt, had large Possessions, but had much lesned his Estate by his profuseness, and therefore more easily drawn in to the getting of new Territories. Chron. Joh. Brompton, pag. 1069. Vir plus nominis hactenùs habens, quam hominis: plus senii, quàm ingenii. Giraldus Hib. Expug. li. 1. cap. 12. Of a ruddy Complexion, Freckled, great Eyes, a womanly Face, a small Voice, a short Neck, Bountiful, and of a mild Nature; being fixed in Battel, was a Standard for his Forces to resort unto; not puffed up with a Victory, nor dejected with a Defeat. Giraldus Hib. Expug. lib. 1. cap. 27. He was sirnamed Strongbow from the strong Bowe which he used to draw, having Arms of an extraordinary length; of whom it is reported, that standing upright, he could touch his own Knees with the Palms of his Hands. Brooke in his Catalogue of Nobility, Title Pembroke. The King of England, Hen. II. gave him what accrued unto him in Right of Eva his Wife, and what he had got in War, and gave him the Counties of Weshford, Ossery, Caterlogh, and Kildare, to hold of the Kings of England. Cambd. Britan. pag. 731. Ireland. He died An. Chr. 1176. and Dermot King of Leinster, his Father-in-law, died at Fernys, about the Calends of May, Anno 1171. full of Days. Annales Hiberniae, at the end of Camb. Britan.

II. Hugh Lacy was also very instrumental in the Conquest of Ireland; [ 1172] to whom Hen. II. gave all the Land of Meath in Ireland, with the Apurtenances, by Charter, to hold of him and his Son John, for the Service of 100 Knights Fees: He gave him also in custody, the City of Dublin, with its Apurtenances, and appointed these following to belong to the Service of Dublin, —all the Land of Offlan, with its Apurtenances, and Wilkechelon with its Apurtenances, and the Service of Meath, and the Service of four Knights Fees, which Robert Poer ought to do for the Castle of Dunavet. Hoveden, pag. 528. & 566. He was Descended of Walter Lacy, a great Baron, who Founded Lanthony-Abby in the Valley of Ewyas, in the Borders of Monmouthshire; to which Wal∣ter, William Earl of Hereford gave great Possessions in those Parts. Cambden in Mon∣mouthshire. This Hugh was of a black Complexion, hollow Eyes; the right side of his Face even to his Chin, was disfigured by Burning, which hapned in his Youth; a short Neck, a hairy Body, strong Sinews, of a little Stature, and a deformed Shape; firm to his Trust, intent on his own Business, and very vigilant in the Affairs of Government, a good Soldier, much trusted by his Prince, who made him Lord Justice of Ireland, 1172. Hoveden, pag. 528. He Fortified Leinster and Meath, with many Castles; and had his Head chopt off with a Hatchet by an Irishman treacherously, as he stooped down, Anno 1186. at Dernath, where he intended to have built a Castle. Hoveden, pag. 631. also Annales Hiberniae. He left two Sons of great eminency in Ireland, Walter de Lacy, Lord of Meath, and Hugh Lacy, Earl of Ulster afterwards.

III. Robert Fitz-Stephen was the first of Strong-bow's Forces, who entred Ireland with three Ships, containing about 130 Soldiers of his Friends and Allies, Landing at Ban∣van about May, Anno 1167. besides 60 other Horse, and 300 Foot Archers, among whom Hervey de Mont-Morice: The Day after, Maurice de Prendergest followed with two Ships of Soldiers more, raised out of Cardiganshire, or thereabouts [De Rosensi Walliae Demetiae Provinciâ.] These with 500 Soldiers more, sent by Dermot out of his own Countrey, under the Command of his Bastard Son Donwald, Assaulted Weshford, but were beaten back, and the next Day it was surrendred to Dermot, who gave Weshford with its Apurtenances, to Robert Fitz-Stephen, and to Maurice, and to their Heirs, ac∣cording to his former Agreement; and to Hervey de Mont-Morice, he gave two Cantreds of Land, lying after the Sea between Weshford and Waterford. Girald. Hib. Exp. l. 1. c. 3.

The Annals of Ireland say, That Fitz-Stephen entred Ireland Anno 1168. and that Strongbow followed 1169. with about 1200 Soldiers, Landing at Waterford the 23. of August, and on the 25. of August he took Waterford; and there Eva, the Daughter of Dermot, was Married to Strongbow, given by her Father. But Roger Hoveden saith, That Strongbow came into Ireland Anno 1168. and then Fitz-Stephen, who went before him, entred Ireland 1167.

Thus Robert Fitz-Stephen prepared way for Earl Strongbow, and Strongbow for the King of England, to the Dominion of Ireland. Weshford was the first Colony Planted by this Fitz-Stephen with the English in Ireland, which to this day retains the ancient English Attire, and much of their Language, as a Badge of their Conquest, and which by the Natives there is yet known and called by the Name of Weshford-Speach.

To Robert Fitz-Stephen and Milo Coggan, King Hen. II. gave the Kingdom of Cork, for the Service of 60 Knights Fees, 1177. except the City of Cork, with one Cantred, which the King retained to himself and his Heirs. Hoveden, pag. 567.

This Robert Fitz-Stephen was the onely Example of Valour and Industry; one that had often tasted the various turnings of Fortune, as well in Ireland as in Wales; like Marius Secundus, if you look back upon his Felicity, none more prosperous and happy; if upon his Misery, none more unfortunate and miserable: A Man of a large and sound Body, of a comely Countenance, of little more than a middle Stature, sumptuous and plentiful in his Diet, bountiful and pleasant, but immoderately given to Wine and Women. Giraldus Hib. Expug. lib. 1. cap. 26.

About Anno Christi 1165, or 1164. Rees ap Griffin, Prince of Southwales, Besieged Aber-Tivy Castle, and took it, and demolished the same; where Robert Fitz-Stephen was taken Prisoner by Rees his Cosin-german, and after three Years Imprisonment he was released by Rees, upon Condition that he would joyn with Rees against the King of England: But he chose rather to go into Ireland with Dermot, than to be perfidious to his Prince. Giraldus. But Cambden in Cardiganshire saith, he was released on Condition that he would relinquish his Right to his Lands in Wales. He was the Son of Stephen, High Constable of Southwales, and Governor of Aber-Tivy, that is Cardigan in Wales, Cambden; called Constable of Aber-Tivy in the Welsh History put out by Powel.

This Stephen Married Nest, Daughter of Rees the Great, Prince of Southwales, and the Widow of Gerald of Windsor. By Gerald she had Issue Maurice Fitz-Gerald, a principal Assistant in the Conquest of Ireland. By Stephen she had Issue this Robert Fitz-Stephen, who had no lawful Issue by his Wife, saith Giraldus, Hib. Expug. lib. 2. cap. 17. He then had a Bastard; for Giraldus in another place, lib. 1. cap. 40. makes mention of Ra∣dulfus, Stephanidae filius, who deserved very well for his Valour, when O-Roric, King of Meath was killed; which O-Roric had like to have killed Hugh Lacy by Treachery.

This Rafe, Son of Robert Fitz-Stephen, was slain with his Father-in-law Milo de Cog∣gan, between Waterford and Lismore, Anno 1179. by one Machtyrus treacherously. An∣nales Hiberniae. also Giraldus, Hib. Expug. lib. 2. cap. 18. Robert Fitz-Stephen had also another Bastard Son called Mereducius. Giraldus ibidem.

IV. Maurice Fitz-Gerald, another Assistant in the Conquest of Ireland, a Man well modelled in Mind and Body, of an innate Goodness, of little Speech, but full of weight, circumspect in Dangers, not rash, but resolute when once resolved on by him; a sober, modest, and chaste Man; Valiant, and Faithful; not altogether without Faults, yet without any notorious Crime. He died at Weshford about August 1176. and had three Sons; William the eldest Married Ellen, Daughter of Earl Strongbow. Giral∣dus another Son, Alexander another Son, and Nest a Daughter, Married to Hervey. Gi∣raldus, Hib. Expug. lib. 1. cap. 42. & cap. 23. lib. 2. cap. 5. & cap. 15.

V. Reymund, another principal Person, was Son of William Fitz-Gerald, and Ne∣phew to Maurice Fitz-Gerald, and to Robert Fitz-Stephen, by the eldest Brother. He Married Basilia, Sister of Earl Strongbow, about the Year 1174. but had no Issue by her. He was Constable to Strongbow, to wit, Praefectus Familiae, The Governor or Lord Mar∣shal of his Houshold. Of a yellow Hair, somewhat curling, great Eyes, grey and round, a high Nose, a chearful Countenance, and good Complexion; Provident and Prudent.

VI. John Curcy was a gallant Man at Arms.* 1.1 He was the first of all the English who subdued Ulster in Ireland, Anno 1177, not till then subdued. He Married Africa, the Daughter of Gotred, King of the Isle of Man. It is observed of these four Props of Ire∣land, Fitz-Stephen, Hervey, Reymund, and this Curcy,* 1.2 that they had no Issue by their Wives. Hoveden, pag. 561.

This John was the first Earl of Ulster, and of the Family of the Curcyes of Stoke-Curcy in Somersetshire. Cambden. In the Year 1204. he had a great Battel at Down in Ireland, with Hugh Lacy (Son of the first Hugh) and got the Day, but afterwards by Treachery was delivered to Hugh Lacy, who brought him to King John; and the King gave the Earldom of Ulster, and the Dominion of Connaught, to the said Hugh Lacy, Annales Hiberniae, and Curcy never got his Right again.

It is said of this John Curcy, that he should have fought a Duel for the King against the King of France's Champion; but that Champion durst not meddle with him. He strook his Sword through a Head-piece so deep into a Block, that none could pull it out but himself. Annales Hiberniae, sub Anno 1204. put in the end of Cambden's Britannia after Ireland.

There were also some others, as Robert le Poer, the King's Marshal in Ireland, to whom Henry the Second gave Waterford Town in custody, with all the Apurtenances. And he appointed all the Land between Waterford and the Water beyond Lismores, and all the Land of Oiseric, with its Apurtenances, to belong to the Service of Wa∣terford. Hoveden, pag. 567.

And also afterwards at Marleberge, [ 1177] the King gave to Philip de Breos all the Kingdom of Limrick, for the Service of 60 Knights Fees: for Herbert and William, Brothers of Reginald Earl of Cornwal, and Joslan de la Pumerai their Nephew, would not have that Kingdom (though given them before by the King) because it was not yet gotten: for Monoderus, King of Limrick, being slain by the English, after he had sworn Fealty to the King of England, there arose up another of his Progeny, who would not submit, because of the infidelity of the English: also the King of Cork, and divers others of the better sort of the Irish rebelled against the King of England. Hoveden, pag. 567. Joh. Brom∣ton, pag. 1128.

• The Princes of Ireland who submitted to the Rule of the King of England, Henry the Second, Anno 1172. Chartis subsignatis, & Romam transmissis. Cambd. Britan. pag. 731.
  • ROtheric O-Conor-Dun, Fuscus Hiberniae Monarcha.
  • Dermot Mac-Carty, King of Cork.
  • Donald O-Bren, King of Limrick.
  • O-Carel, King of Uriel.
  • Mac-Shaglin, Rex Ophaliae.
  • O-Roric, King of Meath.
  • O-Nele, King of Ulster; and the chief Noblemen of them all.

Now followeth a Catalogue of all the Lord Deputies of Ireland

CHAP. III.

A Catalogue of the Chief Governors of Ireland, under the Sovereignty of the Kings of England, since the Conquest thereof by Henry the Se∣cond, to the Year 1670. Stiled sometimes Lord Justices, sometimes Lord Lieutenants, sometimes Lord Deputies of Ireland.

[Ann. Dom. 1171] HEnry the Second, King of England, landed at Croch in Ireland, eight Miles from Waterford, the 17 of October, 1171. and staid there till Easter following: In which space the Princes of Ireland submit, and swore Fealty to him; Rode∣rik King of Connaught being as it were the Chief Head and Monarch of Ireland. Hoveden and Giraldus.

The Conquest of Ireland was before prepared for him, Anno 1168. by Richard Strongbow, who then entred Ireland with his Forces, and very victoriously winning one Place after another. Hoveden.

The King of Connaught agreeth to hold all his Lands under the King of England,— Ut Rodericus sit Rex sub Henrico paratus ad Servitium suum; and to pay him Tribute, as the words of the Deed run, which you may see at large in Hoveden's History, or An∣nals, bearing date in the Octaves of St. Michael, 1175. made at the Parliament at Wind∣sor in England.

[ 1172] 1. Hugh Lacy, Lord Justice of Ireland.

[ 1174] 2. Richard Strongbow, Lord Justice. Obiit 1176. Hoveden.

[ 1176] 3. William Fitz-Aldelme, Justice of Ireland. Hoveden.

But Giraldus, Hiber. Expug. lib. 2. cap. 15. saith, Reymund was elected Governor of Ireland, while Messengers were sent to the King of England to certifie him of Strongbow's death; who forthwith sent William Fitz-Aldelme Procuratorem in Hi∣berniam, joyning with him John Curcy, Robert Fitz-Stephen, and Milo de Coggan, in Commission.

[ 1179] 4. Hugh Lacy again, made Generalis Hiberniae Procurator; Robert le Poer the King's Marshal, being joyned as an Assistant to him: which Robert was then Governor both of Waterford and Weshford. Giraldus.

[ 1181] 5. John Lacy, Constable of Cheshire, and Baron of Halton, with Richard Peche Bishop of Chester, were sent into Ireland about the Calends of May, 1181. and made Gover∣nors of Dublin; for the King had sent for Hugh Lacy, as jealous of his Strength and Power in Ireland, having now married the Daughter of Roderik King of Connaught, without the King of England's Licence first obtained. Hoveden.

[ 1181] 6. Hugh Lacy again, in the Winter following, eodem Anno; Robert of Shrewsbury, a Clergy-man, being joyned with him.

[ 1184] 7. Philip of Worcester, vir Dapsilis & Militaris. Hib. Expug. lib. 2. cap. 24. (called by Hoveden, Philip de Breos) sent Governor into Ireland about the Calends of September.

[ 1185] 8. John the King's Son (afterwards King John) went into Ireland, but soon returned, after he had appointed Justices, and settled the Garrisons there. Hoveden. But who those Justices were, he mentions not.

Hoveden saith, That Anno 1176. the King of England gave Ireland to his Son John; and then after at a Parliament at Oxford, Anno 1177. the King did constitute him Regem in Hiberniâ, Concessione & Confirmatione Alexandri summi Pontificis: And Anno 1185. 31 Hen. 2. the King Knighted him at Windsor the last day of March, and

sends him forthwith into Ireland (where he staid not long) & indè eum Regem consti∣tuit.

Certain it is, That this John (after he became King of England) assumed the Title of Dominus Hiberniae to his other Titles; which also the succeeding Kings of England ever since retained, until the Year 1542. 33 Hen. 8. at which time, by a Parliament in Ireland, King Henry the Eighth was declared King of Ireland, as a Title of greater Majesty; which Title of Rex Hiberniae, the Kings of England have used ever since.

Probably when the King gave unto his Son John, Dominium Hiberniae, 1176, it was as much as King of Ireland in effect, whereby the Supreme Power was implied; and from thence we see he assumed the Title of Dominus Hiberniae afterwards: But it is not probable, that the King did create him Regem Hiberniae by Charter (though possibly he might sometimes be so called) for then he would have assumed the Title of Rex Hiberniae, and not of Dominus Hiberniae, which afterwards we find he assu∣med; but never Rex Hiberniae. [Ann. Dom. 1211]

9. John Grey Bishop of Norwich, Lord Justice. Matt. Paris. King John went then into Ireland.

10. Henry Londers Archbishop of Dublin, Lord Justice. Annales Hiberniae. [ 1212]

Sub Henrico Tertio.

• 1224. — The same Archbishop of Dublin. Fuller's Eccles. Hist. lib. 3. pag. 58.
• 1230. 11. Geffrey de Maurice, Lord Justice. Matt. Paris.
• These following are Collected out of the Annals of Ireland, apud Cambdenum in Britannia sua, to the Year 1420.
  • 1248. 12. Sir John Fitz-Geffrey, Lord Justice.
  • 1255. 13. Alan de la Zouch, Lord Justice.
  • 1259. 14. Stephen de Longspée, Lord Justice. See Vincent upon Brook, pag. 447.
  • 1259. 15. William Dene, Lord Justice. Obiit 1261.
  • 1261. 16. Sir Richard de Capell, Lord Justice.
  • 1267. 17. Sir David de Barry, Lord Justice.
  • 1268. 18. Sir Robert de Ufford, Lord Justice.
  • 1269. 19. Ricardus de Exoniis, Lord Justice.
  • 1270. 20. Sir James Audley, Lord Justice. He was kill'd with a fall from his Horse in Toomond, 1272.

Sub Edwardo Primo.

• 1272. 21. Maurice Fitz-Maurice, Lord Justice.
• 1273. 22. Sir Geffrey de Genevill, Lord Justice.
• 1276. 23. Sir Robert de Ufford, Lord Justice: But going to England, Anno 1279. Robert de Fulborne Bishop of Waterford, was put in his Place. Ufford returns 1280. and is Lord Justice.
• 1281. 24. Stephen de Fulborne, Archiepiscopus Turonensis, Lord Justice eodem Anno. Ufford goes into England; and Fulborne dieth, Anno 1287.
• 1287. 25. John Sampford, Archbishop of Dublin, Lord Justice ad Tempus.
• 1291. 26. William Vescy, Lord Justice.
• 1294. 27. William D'oodyngzele, Lord Justice. Obiit 1298.
• 1295. 28. Sir Thomas Fitz-Maurice, Lord Justice. Obiit 1298.
• 1295. 29. John Wogan, Lord Justice: Sir Thomas Fitz-Maurice surrendring the Place to him.

Sub Edwardo Secundo.

• Ann. Dom. 1312. 30. Sir Edmund le Butler is made Deputy to Sir John Wogan. Both died 1321.
• 1314. 31. Sir Theobald de Verdon, Lord Justice. He came into Ireland the 20 of June.
• 1314. 32. Sir Edmund le Butler, Lord Justice. He received his Commission on Friday after St. Matthew's day.
• 1317. 33. Sir Roger de Mortimer, Lord Justice; but going into England to the King, makes William Archiepiscopum Cassiliensem, Custodem Hiberniae; who was Lord Justice, Chan∣cellor, and Archbishop, all at a time, 1318. And in Anno 1319. Sir Roger returns, and is Lord Justice.
• 1320. 34. Thomas Fitz-John, Earl of Kildare, made Lord Justice. This Year Dublin is made an University, Alexander Bicknor then Archbishop of Dublin.
• 1321. 35. John Bermingham, Earl of Louth, Lord Justice.
• 1323. 36. John Darcy, Lord Justice.

Sub Edwardo Tertio.

• 1327. 37. Thomas Fitz-John, Earl of Kildare, again Lord Justice. Obiit 1328.
• 1328. 38. Roger Outlaw, Prior of Kilmaynan, Lord Justice. He was Prior of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in Ireland, and Chancellor of Ireland: Nicolas Fastoll, and Elias Ashburne, Justiciarrii de Banco.
• 1329. 39. John Darcy, second time Lord Justice. Darcy going into England 1330. Roger Outlaw is deputed Justice.
• 1331. 40. Sir Anthony Lucy comes Chief Justice, 3 die Junii.
• 1333. 41. Sir John Darcy, third time Justice.
• 1337. 42. Sir John Charleton (Miles & Baro) came Lord Chief Justice, in Festo Calixti Papae. Thomas Charleton Bishop of Hereford, Brother to Sir John, Chancellor of Ireland; and John Rees Treasurer.
• 1338. 43. Thomas Charleton Bishop of Hereford, Lord Justice and Governor, Anno 1340. The Bishop of Hereford called into England by the King, Roger Outlaw again was made Lord Justice; who died Lord Justice, and Chancellor of Ireland, 13 die Fe∣bruarii.
• 1341. 44. Sir John Darcy, the fourth time, now made Lord Justice for his Life.
• Sir John Morrice comes into Ireland, mense Maii, 1341. Deputy to John Darcy.
• 1343. 45. 13 die Julii, Sir Rafe Ufford, with his Consort the Countess of Ulster, came into Ireland Lord Chief Justice. He died on Palm-Sunday, the 9 of April, 1346.
• 1346. 46. Sir Roger Darcy, Lord Justice ad tempus, de assensu & Ordinatione Regalium & alio∣rum in Hiberniâ: And Sir John Morris comes Lord Chief Justice May 15. 1346. who being put out by the King, Sir Walter Bermingham was instituted; mense Junii he came into Ireland.
• 1348. 47. John Archprior of Kilmaynan, Deputy to Sir Walter in his absence; but Sir Wal∣ter returns out of England Lord Justice, as before; to whom the King gave the Ba∣rony of Kenlys in Ossery, which belonged to Eustace le Poer, who was attainted and hanged. Obiit Bermingham, quondàm Optimus Justiciarius Hiberniae, in Vigiliâ Mar∣garetae Virginis, 1350. in Angliâ.
• 1349. 48. Dominus de Carew, Miles & Baro, Lord Justice.
• 1350. 49. Sir Thomas Rokesby, Lord Justice.
• 1355. 50. Sir Thomas went out of his Justice-ship July 26. and Maurice Fitz-Thomas, Earl of Desmond, is made Lord Justice. He continued as long as he lived, which was not long; for he died in Dublin-Castle die Conversionis Sancti Pauli following.
• 1356. 51. 31 Edw. 3. Sir Thomas Rokesby again Lord Justice. Obiit eodem Anno.
• 1357. 52. Sir Almaric de Sancto Amando, Lord Justice.

• 1359. 53. James Butler Earl of Ormond, Lord Chief Justice.
• 1360. 54. 35 Edw. 3. the Earl of Ormond coming into England, Maurice Fitz-Thomas, Earl of Kildare, is made Chief Justice, ut sequitur.

  OMnibus ad quos hae Literae pervenerint, Salutem. Sciatis, quòd Commisimus dilecto & fideli nostro Mauritio Comiti de Kildare, Officium Justiciarii no∣stri Terrae nostrae Hiberniae, & Terram nostram Hiberniam, cùm Castris & omnibus pertinentiis suis Custodiendam, Quamdiu nobis placuerit: Recipiendo ad Scaccarium nostrum Dubliniae per Annum, quamdiù in Officio illo sic steterit, quingentas Libras: Pro quibus Officium illud & terram Custodiet; & erit vic•• simus de hominibus ad arma cùm tot equis Coopertis continuè durante Commis∣sione nostrâ supradictâ. In cujus rei Testimonium, &c. Datum per manus dilecti nostri in Christo Fratris Thomae de Burgey, Prioris Hospitalis Sancti Johannis Hierusalem in Hibernia, Cancellarii nostri Hiberniae; apud Dubli∣niam, 30 die Martii, 35 Edw. 3.

  And after the Return of the Earl of Ormond into Ireland, Ormond was Justice as before, and the Earl of Kildare surceased.

• 1361. 55. Lionel Duke of Clarence, third Son of King Edward the Third, and Earl of Ulster in Right of Elizabeth his Wife, Daughter and Heir of William de Burgo Earl of Ulster, venit in Hiberniam Locumtenens Domini Regis, in Octavis Nativitatis Beatae Mariae. Here was the first Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. Anno 1364. April 22. Lionel went into England, leaving Ormond his Deputy of Ireland. Lionel returned the eighth of December. He was sent for again into Eng∣land, 1365. and then leaves Sir Thomas Dale, his Servant, Governor and Justice of Ireland. Lionel died at Languvil in Italy, 1368. Cambden, apud Albam in Piemont.
• 1367. 56. Gerald Fitz-Maurice, Earl of Desmond, Lord Justice.
• 1369. 57. Sir William de Windsore came into Ireland the 12 of July, Lord Lieutenant.
• 1372. 58. Sir Robert (alii Richard) de Ashton, Lord Justice of Ireland.
• 59. Edmund Mortimer, Earl of March and Ulster, Lord Lieutenant. He died at Cork, 1381. 5 Rich. 2.

Sub Richardo Secundo.

• 1387. 60. Robert Vere Earl of Oxford, created Marquis of Dublin, 9 Rich. 2. and after made Duke of Ireland, 10 Rich. 2. And after that, the King granted him the Kingdom and Sovereignty of Ireland by Letters Patents, (saith Brook the York-Herald) and to bear for his Arms, Azure, three Crowns Gold, in a Border Argent, to be quartered be∣fore his own Coat. Obiit in Lovaniâ, 1392.
• 1397. 61. Roger Mortimer, Earl of March, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. He was slain by the Irishmen, 1399. 22 Rich. 2. Stow. Rex Anglia contrà Juramentum, quod praestiterat, revocavit de Hiberniâ Justiciarios, quos olìm de Consensu suo Proceres propter defectus eorum notabiles Constituêrunt exulare: So Walsingham, sub Anno 1397. 20 Rich. 2. pag. 353.

Sub Henrico Quarto.

• 1400. 62. Sir John Stanley, Lord Lieutenant.
• 1401. 63. In May Sir John went into England, leaving Sir William Stanley in his Place: And on St. Bartholomew's Eve, eodem Anno, Stephen Scroope entred Ireland, Deputy to Thomas of Lancaster, the King's Son, Lord Lieutenant, who came into Ireland in die Sancti Bricii (November 13.) eodem Anno.

Anno 1403. about the eleventh of November, Thomas the King's Son going into England, left Stephen Scroope his Deputy; and Scroope going into England the first day of Lent, the Noblemen of Ireland chuse the Earl of Ormond Lord Justice.

Anno 1405. Scroope (the Deputy of Thomas of Lancaster) returns into Ireland; but going again into England, the Earl of Ormond is Justice.

Anno 1406. Scroope returning after Michaelmas into Ireland, is Deputy, as before.

Anno 1407. Scroope going this Year also into England, James Butler Earl of Or∣mond is elected Lord Justice.

Anno 1408. Thomas of Lancaster, Lord Lieutenant, lands at Carlingford in Ireland, the second of August. In this Year died Stephen Scroope at Tristel-Dermot, 16 die Januarii: And the third of the Ides of March following, Sir Thomas de Lancaster, Lord Lieutenant, going for England, leaves the Prior of Kilmaynan his Deputy in Ireland.

Thomas of Lancaster was slain at the Battel of Bangy by the Duke of Alanson, 22 Martii, being Easter Eve, Anno Domini 1421. 9 Hen. 5. Stow.

Sub Henrico Quinto.

• Ann. Dom. 1413. The Prior of Kilmaynan continued Justice to 1413.
• 64. 7 die Octobris, Sir John Stanley lands at Cloncarfe in Ireland, the second time Lord Lieutenant of Ireland; and died the sixth of January following.
• 1413. 65. The eleventh of February, Thomas Cranley, Archbishop of Dublin, is elected Lord Justice of Ireland.
• 1414. 66. Sir John Talbot Lord Furnival lands at Dalkey in Ireland, the tenth of November, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. Anno 1419. July 22. Sir John Talbot went into England, much in debt, and left the Archbishop of Dublin his Deputy. This was the Famous John Talbot, Marshal of France under Hen. 6. who was Earl of Shrewsbury, and also created Earl of Waterford in Ireland, 1446. 24 Hen. 6. and also Seneschal or High Steward of Ireland, to him and his Heirs, after the man∣ner of the High Stewards of England in their Office. He was killed at the Battel of Burdeaux in France, 1453. Vincent upon Brooke, Title Shrewsbury.
• 1420. 67. James Butler, Earl of Ormond, lands at Waterford the fourth of April, Lord Lieu∣tenant of Ireland.

So far out of the Annals of Ireland.

Sub Henrico Sexto.

• Leiutenants of Ireland to H. 6. Stow. 68. Edmund Mortimer Earl of March.—James Earl of Ormond his Deputy.
• 69. John Sutton Lord Dudley.—Sir Thomas Strange his Deputy.
• 70. Sir Thomas Stanley.—Sir Christopher Plunket his Deputy.
• 71. Lion Lord Wells.—The Earl of Ormond his Deputy.
• 72. James Earl of Ormond by himself.
• 73. John Earl of Shrewsbury.—The Archbishop of Dublin his Deputy.
• 1433. 74. Richard Plantagenet Duke of York (Father to King Edw. 4.) made Lieutenant by Patent for 10 Years: whose Deputies at sundry times (as ap∣pears by the Statutes of Ireland) were,
  • The Baron of Delvin.
  • Sir Richard Fitz-Eustace.
  • James Earl of Ormond.
  • Tho. Fitz-Maurice Earl of Kildare.
• 75. Thomas Fitz-Maurice Earl of Kildare, Lord Justice to 3 Edw. 4.

Sub Edwardo Quarto.

• Ann. Dom. 1463. 76. George Duke of Clarence, the Kings Brother, made Lieutenant for his Life. His Deputies at sundry times were,
  • The Earl of Desmond.
  • John Tiptoft Earl of Worcester.
  • Thomas Earl of Kildare.
  But falling afterwards to discord with his Brother, the King made another Lieute∣nant. This George is said to be drowned in a But of Malmsey, 1478. 18 Edw. 4. So Stow.
• 1470. 77. Henry Lord Grey of Ruthin, Lord Lieutenant.—Sir Rowland Eustace his Deputy.
• 1481. 78. Richard Duke of York, younger Son of King Edw. 4. Lord Lieutenant.

Sub Ricardo Tertio.

• 1483. 79. Edward Son of King Rich. 3. Lord Lieutenant.—Gerald Earl of Kildare his Deputy.
  • This Edward died 1484. 2 Rich. 3. Buck's Hist. of Rich. 3. pag. 43.
• 1484. 80. John Earl of Lincoln, Lieutenant.—The Earl of Kildare his Deputy.

Sub Henrico Septimo.

• 1491. 81. Jaspar Duke of Bedford, and Earl of Pembroke, Lord Lieutenant.—Walter Arch∣bishop of Dublin, his Deputy.
  • Anno 1494. Sir Edward Poynings Deputy. Jaspar died the 21 of December, 1495. 11 Hen. 7.
• 1501. 82. Henry Duke of York (afterwards King Henry 8.) Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.—Ge∣rald Earl of Kildare his Deputy.

Sub Henrico Octavo.

• 83. Thomas Howard, Earl of Surrey, Lieutenant. 1520.
• 84. Piers Butler (after Earl of Ossery) Lord Deputy. 1522.
• 85. Gerald Earl of Kildare, again Lord Deputy.
• 86. Nugent Baron of Delvin, Lord Deputy.
• 87. Piers Butler Earl of Ossery, again Lord Deputy. 1529.
• 88. Sir William Skeffington, Lord Deputy. 1530.
• 89. Gerald Earl of Kildare, Lord Deputy. 1532.
• 90. Sir William Skeffington again, October 4. 1534.
• 91. Leonard Lord Grey, 1 Januarii, Lord Deputy. 1534.
• 92. Sir William Brereton, Lord Deputy. 1540.
• 93. Sir Anthony Seintleger, 25 July, Lord Deputy. 1541.
• 94. Sir William Brabazon, 1 Aprilis, Lord Deputy. 1546.
• 95. Sir Anthony Seintleger, August 4. again Lord Deputy. 1546.

Sub Edwardo Sexto.

• 96. Sir Edward Bellingham, in May, Lord Deputy. 1548.
• 97. Francis Bryan, December 27. Lord Justice. 1549.
• 98. Sir William Brabazon, February 2. Lord Justice. 1549.

• 99. Sir Anthony Seintleger, August 4. again Lord Deputy. 1550.
• 101. Sir Thomas Cosake,— Sir Gerald Attlemore, Decemb. 6. Lord Justices. 1552.

Sub Maria Regina.

• 102. Sir Anthony Seintleger, September 1. fourth time Lord Deputy. 1554.
• 103. Thomas Lord Fitz-Walter, May 26. Lord Deputy. 1555.
• 104. Hugh Curren, Lord Arcbishop, Lord Chancellor, Sir Henry Sidney Treasurer,— Decemb. 4. Lord Justices. 1557.
• 105. Sir Henry Sidney alone, February 6. Lord Justice. 1557.

Sub Elizabetha Regina.

• 106. Thomas Earl of Sussex, April 27. Lord Deputy. He went into Scotland, and left Sir Henry Sidney, Septemb. 24. Lord Justice. The Earl came out of Scotland, and went into England, leaving Sir Henry Sidney, December 13. Lord Justice. 1558.
• 107. Thomas Earl of Sussex, August 27. Lord Deputy. 1559.
• 108. Sir William Fitz-Williams, February 15. Lord Justice. 1559.
• 109. Thomas Earl of Sussex, June 24. Lord Lieutenant. 1560.
• 110. Sir William Fitz-Williams, February 2. Lord Justice. 1560.
• 111. Thomas Earl of Sussex, June 1. Lord Lieutenant. 1561.
• 112. Sir William Fitz-Williams, January 22. Lord Justice. 1561.
• 113. Thomas Earl of Sussex, July 24. Lord Lieutenant. 1562.
• 114. Sir Nicolas Arnold, May 25. Lord Justice. 1564.
• 115. Sir Henry Sidney, January 20. Lord Deputy. 1565.
• 116. Dr. Weston, Lord Chancellor, Sir William Fitz-Williams,— October 14. Lord Justices. 1567.
• 117. Sir Henry Sidney, October 20. Lord Deputy. 1568.
• 118. Sir William Fitz-Williams, March 26. Lord Justice.
• Idem, January 13. 1570. Lord Deputy. 1570.
• 119. Sir Henry Sidney, September 18. Lord Deputy. 1575.
• 120. Sir William Drury, September 14. Lord Deputy. 1578.
• 121. Sir William Pellam, October 11. Lord Justice. 1579.
• 122. Arthur Lord Grey arrived in Ireland, August 12. Lord Deputy. 1580.
• 123. Adam Lofties, Lord Archbishop, Lord Chancellor, Sir Henry Wallop, Treasurer,— Septemb. Lord Justices. 1582.
• 124. Sir John Parrot, June 21. Lord Deputy. 1584.
• 125. Sir William Fitz-Williams, June 30. Lord Deputy. 1588.
• 126. Sir William Russel, August 11. Lord Deputy. 1594.
• 127. Thomas Lord Burrough, May 22. Lord Deputy. 1597.
• 128. Sir Thomas Norreys, October 30. Lord Justice. 1597.
• 129. Adam Lofties, Archbishop, and Chancellor, Sir Robert Gardiner,— November 27. Lord Justices. 1597.
• 130. Robert Earl of Essex, April 15. Lord Lieutenant. 1598.
• 131. Adam Lofties, Archbishop, Lord Chancellor, Sir George Carew, Treasurer,— Lord Justices. 1599.
• 132. Sir Charles Blunt Lord Mountjoy, October 24. Lord Lieutenant. 1599.

Sub Jacobo Rege.

• 133. Sir George Carew, June 1. Lord Deputy. 1603.
• 134. Sir Arthur Chichester, February 3. Lord Deputy. 1604.

• 135. Thomas Jones, Archbishop, Lord Chancellor, Sir Richard Wingfield— March 14. Lord Justices. 1613.
• 136. Sir Arthur Chichester, Lord Belfast, July 27. Lord Deputy. 1614.
• 137. Thomas Jones, Archbishop, Lord Chancellor, Sir John Denham,— February 11. Lord Justices. 1615.
• 138. Sir Oliver Saint John, August 30. Lord Deputy. 1616.
• 139. Sir Adam Lofties, Viscount Ely, Lord Chancellor, Sir Richard Wingfield, Viscount Powerscourt,— May 4. Lord Justices. 1622.
• 140. Henry Viscount Falkland, September 8. Lord Deputy. 1622.

Sub Carolo Primo.

• 141. Sir Adam Lofties, Lord Chancellor,— Sir Richard Boyle, Earl of Cork, Lord Treasurer, Lord Justices. 1629.
• 142. Thomas Viscount Wentworth, July 25. Lord Deputy. 1633.
• 143. Sir Adam Lofties, Lord Chancellor,— Christopher Wansford, Master of the Rolls, June 2. Lord Justices. 1636.
• 144. Thomas Viscount VVentworth, November 23. Lord Deputy. 1636.
• 145. Robert Lord Dillon of Kilkenny-VVest,— Christopher VVansford, Master of the Rolls, September 12. Lord Justices. 1639.
• 146. Thomas VVentworth, Earl of Strafford, Lord Lieutenant. He was Beheaded May 12. 1641. very unjustly, by the Parliament of England's Faction. 1640.
• Christopher VVansford was Deputy to Strafford.
• 147. Robert Lord Dillon,— Sir VVilliam Parsons, Master of the Court of Wards, Decem. 30. Lord Justices. 1640.
• 148. Sir VVilliam Parsons,— Sir John Borlace, Master of the Ordnance, February 9. Lord Justices. 1640.
• 149. Sir John Borlace,— Sir Henry Tichborn, May 1. Lord Justices. 1643.
• 150. James Butler, Marquess of Ormond, February 21. Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. The Rebellion of the Parliament of England was now broken out, by raising Arms and Forces against the King; and great Troubles arose both in England and Ireland. 1643.
• Anno 1649. Oliver Cromwel Voted General of all the Forces sent against Ireland by the Parliament of England, March 30. On the 20 of June following, Dublin was Besieged by the Marquess of Ormond; and on August 2. he was defeated before Dublin by Colonel Jones and his Party, who issued out of the Town; and Ireland reduced by Cromwel soon after.

Sub Carolo Secundo.

• 151. King Charles the Second being restored to his Kingdoms, 1660. makes James Butler (now Duke of Ormond) Lord Liutenant of Ireland, 1662. who landed in Ireland 28 die Julii, eodem Anno. 1662.
• 152. The Duke of Ormond is desired by the King to surrender his Commission; and the Lord Roberts, Lord Privy Seal, is made Lieutenant of Ireland in February. 1668.
• 153. Roberts is recalled, and John Lord Barkley came Lord Lieutenant. 1670.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Ann. Dom. 1177.
• * 1.2

  Girald. Hib. Expug. lib 2. cap. 17.