Doron medicum, or, A supplement to the new London dispensatory in III books : containing a supplement I. to the materia medica, II. to the internal compound medicaments, III. to the external compound medicaments : compleated with the art of compounding medicines ... / by William Salmon ...

CHAP. VIII. Of EXTRACTS.

1. PAnchymagogon Vege∣tabile nostrum, Our universal Vegetable Purge.

℞ Cambogiae, Aloes, A. ℥jv, dissolve in Borrage-Water and make an Extract. ℞ Tur∣bith, Agarick, Hermodacts, Rhub arb, Sena, Troches al∣handal, powder of Cloves, A. ℥ijss. with S.V. make another Extract. Take of the first Extract iij: of the second Extract ℥ii. Resins of Scam∣mony and Jallap, Extract of black Hellebor, A. ℥j: Ela∣terium ℥ss: Oyl of Nutmegs distill'd, and oyl of Wormwood A. ʒ ii: mix for a Mass.

There are many Panthy∣magogons extant, but I have found this by manisold Expe∣rience to exceed all others. It universally purges all hu∣mors, and that both safely and pieasantly, and is truly a very noble Cathartick or purge. If it be given in ob∣durate Obstructions, and such as are inveterate, resist∣ing the Powers of most Me∣dicines in this Case, it will be well if you add to the Com∣position ℥iiss of Mercurius dulcis in fine or impalpable pouder, for by this means it will have force & strength to melt (as it were) any im∣pacted humour, though ne∣ver so tough and viscous; and to dissolve all manner of tartarous Matter, whereso∣ever

obstructed in any part of the Body. Dose a gr. vij, ad ℈j: or ʒss, if in strong Bodyes, it works nimbly, and therefore may be given Ear∣ly in the morning sasting, as other quick purges are com∣monly administied. It is an excelient Remedy in the Seur¦vy, Dropsy, Gout, Jaundice and Kings-Evil, powerfully cleansing the Head, Stomach and Joynts.

2. Extractum Viperarum, Extract of Vipers, improper∣ly called by some Quintes∣sence.

℞ fat Vipers in June, cast away their Head, bowels and Gall, cut them into bits, and dry them in a warm Balnco; then put them into a Bolt head with Alcool of Wine; so much as may over-top them the breadth of 8 fingers: Seal the Glass hermetically, and digest for 20 days in B.M. then de∣cant the Wine, and put en more alchoolized Spirit, till the Virtue is extracted: put these tinged spirits together, and draw off the spirit in a very gentie B.M. till it is thick at bottom. Ʋpon this Extract put alcooliz'd tin∣cture of Cloves; Circulate them ten dayes, and after ab∣stract the S. V. and the Extract will be at bottom.

This Extract is of mighty power for purifying of the blood, flesh and skin, and ta∣king away of all cutaneous Diseases. It cures the Scab and Leprosy, helps in the Epilepsy, strengthens the Brain, Memory, Sipht Smel∣ling and Hearing; preserves from gray hairs, and reno∣vates the whole body, ma∣king it become youthful and pleasant. It hinders Abor∣tion, provokes Sweat power∣fully, and is eminently good against the Measles, Small Pox, Plague, and all other malign Feavers. It cures the Goat, Consumption and French-Pox; esteem it as a Jewel. Dose ʒj. in Sack, Morning and Night.

3. Extractum Eophracti∣cum, An Extract opening Obstructions.

℞ white Tartar, silings of Iron, A. ℥iiij. grind them to∣gether into pouder; after boyl in white Wine or fair

water, from lbjv. ad lb ij. strain, and add tops of Cento∣ry of Roman Wormwood, of Carduus, A. M. j. Species Diacurcumae ℥iss. Gentian root ℥j. boyl all close for three or four hours, strain and e∣vaporate by the heat of a Bath, to the consistency of an Extract; to which add pou∣der of Rhubarb, or Species of Hiera a Picra ʒij. mix them well.

It is a good thing for open∣ing all Obstructions of Liver, Spleen and Womb, and re∣moving the morbifick mat∣ter. It also cures the Rick∣ets in Children, and is by some of our Modern Physi∣cians magnified for curing a Chlorosis and Cachexia. Dose à ℈j. ad ʒss. every evening, made up into Pills, and gi∣ven in a proper Vehicle.

4. Extractum Gentianae; Extract of the Root Gen∣tian.

It is made after the gene∣ral way, taught in our Pharm. lib. 4. cap. 8. sect. 1.

It Sweats, cures the Green sickness, brings out the Small Pox, and powerfully resists Plague, Poyson, and all ma∣lign Feavers: helps also Di∣seases of the Head and Brain. Dose ad ℈ij.

5. Extractum Hellebori Nigri, Extract of Black Hel∣lebor.

It is made as is that of Gentian, after the general way, in the place aforecited.

It Cures Melancholy, Frenzy and Madness: it opens Obstructions of the Spleen, and easeth the pains thereof, wonderfully curing that way: it cures Cancers, Herpes, Elephantiasis, Ver∣tigo, Epilepsy, Apoplexy, Scabs, and Quartan Agues; it is a certain Remedy for Hypocond riack Melancholy. Dose ad ℈j. or more.

6. Laudanum Paracclsi, The most excellent Lauda∣num of Paracelsus.

℞ Thebian Opium ℥iij: Juyce of Henbane inspissate, Species diambrae & Diamos∣chi, A. ℥ijss, Mummy ℥ ss: Salt of Pearl and Coral A. ʒiij:: Liquor of white Am∣ber extracted with Alcool of Wine, bone of a Stags heart,

Bezoar stone, Ʋnicorns horn, A. ʒj. Musk, Ambergrise A. ℈j. Aurum potabile ʒj: Or for want thereof, of the Chymical Oyls of Annis, Ca∣rawayes, Oranges, Citrons, Nutmegs, Cloves, Cinnamon, Amber, A. gut. xij. of these make a Laudanum according to Art, Thus, With S. V. recti∣fied, make an Extract or Tin∣cture of the Opium, Henbane and Species, each severally apart, by digestion in a warm place for 40 days, with which mix the Liquor of the Am∣ber, and then inspissate them to the thickness of Honey: then add Salts, with the other things in pouder, as also the Aurum potabile, or for want thereof the Oyls, which mix well together, and keep it in a close glaz'd Vessel for use.

Here is to be noted, That because Opium often causes Vomit, if you mix with it Oyl of Wormwood, gut. 40 or 50. it will be much more stomachical, and indeed if Oyl of Wormwood be used in stead of all the Oyls, it will not be amiss. It eases all manner of Pains in a Mo∣ment, stops all sorts of Flu∣xes, as Catarrhs, Flux of the Bowels, Terms, Whites, Blee∣ding, &c. It is a specifick in Plenrisies, Fits of the Mother, the Cholick, griping of the Guts, restlessness, &c. Dose à gr. j. ad vj. either in a Pill, or dissolved in aqua Papave∣ris or choice Canary.

7. Laudanum nostrum, our great specifick Anodyn.

℞ Opium extracted ℥viij: Extracts of. Cloves, raddix serpentaria, Contra yerva, Saffron, Viper pouder, ana. ℥jss: Oriental Bezoar, Be∣zoar minerale, Salt of Pearl A. ℥j. Aurum potabile ʒiij. Or, instead thereof distilled Oyls of Cinnamon, Cloves and Wormwood, A. ʒ ij. Amber∣grise, Musk, A. ʒj. mix all well together, & make a mass of a Consistency for Pills.

If the Opium and the other things be first extracted with tartarized S. V. and after∣wards dissolved in Spirit of Vinegar, or of Vitriol, Sul∣phur or Salt, or most sharp juyce of Limons, and then inspissated to the thickness of Honey, the Laudanum will be so much the better. In

stopping all Catarrhs and Fluxes, as of Rheum, Blood, Terms, Whites, Gonorrhoea, in Watchings, Restlessness, and in the end of all sorts of Feavers; in Frenzy, madness Melancholy, Epilepsie, Vomi∣ting, Pleurisy, Cholick, Weak∣ness of Bowels; in the Gout, in knees, feet or hips; and in the Stone both in the Reins and Bladder, it is truly the most speedy and praevalent Remedy: and in easing the most Vehement and sharp Pains in what part soever, it is even a divine Help, & quasi ultimum Asylum. Dose à gr. ij ad jv. or vj: it has all the Virtues of that of Pa∣racelsus, and is indeed much more powerful: where note, That if it be given to wo∣men subject to fits, it will be good to leave out the M••sch and Ambergrise: or you may make the one half with the Mosch and Ambergrise; and the other half without them.

8. Laudanum solare Bay∣eri, Solar Laudanum of Bay∣erus.

℞ Gold calcined (with Sul∣phur and Mercury) ℥ss: oyl of Mercury or of Saturn ℥ v: digest them in Ashes in a lu∣ted Vessel viij dayes; so shall you have a red Tincture of Gold, a white body being lest in the Glass: digest and co∣agulate it into a red Stone; dissolve it upon a Marble with some Liquor, cast away the faeces, coagulate, and repeat it three times.

It is an excellent Anodyn and sudorisick, good against Surfeits, Scurvy, Drosie, Pox, and Gout, it is found also by Experience to be a speci∣sick against all Sorts of Fea∣vers: Dose à gr. ij. ad v.

9. Laudanum Johannis Petri Fabri, Fabers specific Anodyn.

℞ Opium extracted in S. V. and made solid ℥ ii. dissolve it in red Rose-Vinegar: to it add Confectio Alkermes, Con∣fect of Hyacinths, Venice-Treacle, Pulveris Electuarii Diarrhod. Abbatis, A. ℥ j: Musk, Ambergrise, A. gr. vj: Salt of Pearl and Coral, ana, ʒj: mix them.

It is to be given after due Purgation: it prevails against

Pains of the Teeth, Cholick, Gout, Sciatica, Stone, or any other excruciating Torment. If it be made up without the Perfumes, it is wonderful a∣gainst all fits, chiefly those of the Mother: Dose à gr. iij. ad vij or viij.

10. Laudanum cum Per∣larum Preparatione, Lauda∣num with Pearl.

℞ Opium extracted with spirit of Vinegar ℥ss: Salts of Pearl and Coral A. ʒj: ex∣tract of Saffron ℈ ij: Tin∣cture of Ambergrise ℈ j: mix and keep them in a silver box for use.

It is a Prescript of Para∣celsus, design'd for the Cure of Raging Madness: and he writes, That he cured a Ger∣man Prince, who was fren∣rick, with a Dose of gr. v. hereof, by which also the Feaver was expelled. It eases all manner of pains, and has the Virtues of the former, or of any other Laudanum.

11. Extractum Melligi∣num Baccarum Juniperi, Melligenous Extract of Ju∣niper.

℞ Juniper-Berries full ripe, q. v. beat them all in a mortar, till the seeds and all are extreamly well bruised: to this Mass put water so much as to wash the pulp from the husks and seeds: this wa∣ter evaporate to almost dry∣ness, keeping this Extract of the Pulp by it self: Ʋpon the husks and seeds (being first dryed) put rectified S. V. e∣nough to cover it two Inches thick: digest 10 or 12 days, and then decant, and press forth the Tincture: in this Tincture dissolve the former almost dryed Extract of the pulp: and a fourth part of the weight of the whole Tincture and Extract of pure Virgin honey: this done evaporate the S.V. till the Magma is of the thickness of new Ho∣ney, which keep for use.

It has all the Virtues of Juniper-berries, and is a most admirable thing against the Stone and Gravel in both Reins and Bladder: it is pre∣valent against all Obstructi∣ons of Urine, the Dropsie, Scurvy, Scirrhus of the Li∣ver, Spleen and Mesontery, the Cholick and all Oppres∣sions of Wind. Dose à ʒj, ad ʒ iij. morning and night,

drinking a Glass of Sack after: now here is to be noted, That if the Salt of the Faeces, be added to the Extract, it will be so much the better. This is That Extract so often men∣tioned in Cap. 22. Sect. 2, 3, 7. of this Book.

12. Extractum Cochlea∣riae compositum, Extract of Scurvy-Grass Compound.

℞ the Magma, or remain∣ing matter after the spirit is distilled off (as is taught Cap. 2. sect. 20. of this Book:) strain it through a sive, and express the remainder in a press through a hair strainer, as strongly as you see conve∣nient: these Faeces dry, cal∣cine and extract a Salt ac∣cording to Art, which reserve. The strained Liquor clarify with whites of eggs, and then evaporate in a sand heat, ve∣ry slowly, to the consistency of a very thick Syrrup, or of new Honey, with which mix the afore-reserv'd Salt: to every ounce hereof add choice Rhu∣barb, sena elect, in fine pou∣der, A. ʒ j: mix them well, and keep it for use.

It is an excellent thing to cleanse the Bowels, chiefly the Spleen and Pancreas of thick earthy matter by stool: you may give it in a Wafer, in form of a Bolus, drinking after it a little white-wine or sherry, and an hour or two after a little Broth or posset-drink: it purges gently, and expels Viscous matter from the sides of the Ventricle and the Guts: opens obstructions of Spleen and Mesentery: you may take it once in 5 dayes, while you take the aforemen∣tioned spirit of Scurvy-grass; for by this order it e••adi∣cates a cold Scorbute. Dose à ʒj ad ʒ ij or iij.

13. Extractum Martis Aperitivum, Opening Ex∣tract of Iron.

℞ Rust of Iron made by dew ℥ viij: Aqua Mellis lb iij: Must or Wine unf••r∣mented lb jv: Juyce of Li∣mons ℥ jv: put all into an iron Pot, cover it with an iron cover, set it in a Fur∣nace over a little fire, digest for 3 dayes time, then boyl gently for 4 hours, stirring it now and then from the bottom with an Iron spatula, thou

covering it again, that it may not evaporate too fast: when you see the Liquor is black, take way the fire, let it settle, and strain it warm through a Cloth, then evaporate the humidity in sand heat, in an earthen Pan, to the Consisten∣cy of an Extract.

§ 1. The Virtues of this Ex∣tract are mightily augmen∣ted by the Addition of the Essential Salts, and the Spi∣rit of Honey, which makes it as good a Remedy as can be of this Kind, no better yet known. § 2. It is a mighty Aperitive, opening all Ob∣structions, and restoring a good Complexion to such as want it by reason of Oppila∣tions of the Liver, Spleen and M••sentery: But it ought not to be given only once or twice, but for 14, 20 or 30 dayes together, yet with some little Intervals, that Nature might not be nause∣ated. Dose à gr. x. and ℈ ij. dissolv'd in some fit Vehicle. Its Virtues are the same with the Tincture in Cap. 7. sect. 19. of this Book. It takes a∣way obstructions of the La∣cteals and L••m••hatick Ves∣sels admirably, thereby be∣ing a means to restore such as are in Consumptions.

14. Extractum Rhabar∣bart, Extract of Rhubarb.

℞ Rhubarb lbx: let it be shaved, and digested 12 hours in warm Succory-water, so much as may over-top it 4 or 5 Inches, let it just boil, then strain it through a cloth: put the Rhubarb into as much more Succory-water, which Infuse, boil and strain, as be∣fore, expressing it strongly: mix the Liquors, let them settle, filterate them, and eva∣porate the humidity in a glass Vessel, over a soft fire, to the thickness of Honey; so have you the Extract of Rhubarb, which keep in a Pewter pot close covered.

§ 1. This has all the vir∣tues of Rhubarb, and may be given à gr. x. ad ℈ ij, being dissolv'd in Succory or Straw∣berry water, or made into Pills: it prevails in Diseases of the Liver and Spleen, pur∣ges and bindes. § 2. After this manner you may make the Extracts of all Vegetables, which are not Resinous or A∣romatick:

The refinous are made with S.V. The Aro∣matick or odoriferous ought not to be Extracted in this kind, for that their best and most Volatile parts would be carried away in Evaporation, but if any shall be so minded; they may Evaporate by Di∣stillation, whereby you will save an odoriferous water. § 3. Many learned men have doubted in what principle the purgative Virtue of these things do consist: some say, In the Salt: some, in the Sulphur or Oyl; some, in the Mercury or Spirit: but each Principle being separated, we have found that none of them have been purging; whereby we know in separa∣ting the Principles, That pro∣perty or Faculty is totally destroyed, nor can it be re∣paired by any artificial mix∣ing them again: So that We conclude, That, the proper Purging Power is conserv'd only in the natural mixion of the Principles, so as is ne∣cessary to produce such stru∣gling and fermentations in our Bodyes: And, hence it appears, that Nature does something so exquisitely, that Art can never attain unto; nay, nor imitate the same, what God has joyn'd together ought not to be put asunder, man ought not to be wiser than his God.

19. Extractum odorifi∣cum Paracelsi, The Specifick odoriferous Extract.

℞ White Lillies, Rosema∣ry-flowers, Basil, Cardamoms, Roses, A. M. j. spicknard M. ii. beat them grosly in a past: to which add juyce of Orange Apples lbiv: put all these to∣gether into a Pelican, and let them be digested together for one Month, afterwards let them be separated from their faeces by straining with pres∣sing: put this expressed Li∣quor again into a Pelican, and presently let be added Mace, Cloves, Cinnamon, Civet, A. ℥ j: Ambergrise, ℥ ss: Musk ʒ ij: grind them most exceeding small, and put them into the said Pellican with the other things, then di∣gest in Dung, then add Gum Arabick dissolved ℥ss: Tra∣gacanth dissolved ℥ j: and let them harden with the clea••

of the whites of Egs in a shut Glass: then after a white as soon as you see it become of the likeness of glass, break your Glass, and you have a stone which is our Odoriferous spe∣cifick.

The Intention of this odo∣riferous Extract is to be a perfume ready at all times and upon all occasions to perfume other Medicaments with: for that it immediate∣ly expands it self and dilates its specifick Odour and Vir∣tues. However it is a great Cordial, and may be given in any fainting fits à gr. iij ad viij in any proper Vehicle.