Doron medicum, or, A supplement to the new London dispensatory in III books : containing a supplement I. to the materia medica, II. to the internal compound medicaments, III. to the external compound medicaments : compleated with the art of compounding medicines ... / by William Salmon ...

CHAP. III. Of OYLS Distilled.

1. OLEƲM Cinnamo∣mi, Oyl of Cin∣namon.

℞ Cinnamon, grosly bruise it, put it into a glass Body, which cover with spirit of Wine (made very sharp with spirit of Salt, or else having so much Salt put into it as the Wine will dissolve:) put thereto a blind Head, which Lute close, and set it to digest in a gentle heat, for about ten days: then apply an A∣lembick close luted, with its receiver; distil it with a small Fire, encreasing it by degrees; so shall you have a heavy Oyl which will sink, and

a Spirit: separate them, and keep them for use. Or thus, ℞ choice Cinnamon bruised lbvj. Rain-Water lbxviij. Sal Niter ℥xij. digest in an Earthen Vessel well stopt for 48 hours: put the Ingredi∣ents into a large Copper A∣lembick, well tin'd within, joyn to it a fit receiver, lu∣ting the joynts with a wet Bladder, distil with a pretty good sire, lbiij or lbiiij. of the Liquor: then unlute the Stillatory, and pour into the Alembick the distilled Water by inclination, reserving the Oyl, which will be at the bottom of the Receiver, stop∣ping it up close in à little Vial by it self: Distil the Liquor again as before, returning the distilled Liquor again, and reserving the Oyl with the former: This Cohobation so often repeat, till no more Oyl will arise: then weaken the fire, and draw off a strong Cinnamon Water, which rectify as you do Spirit of Wine.

§ 1. The Vertues of this Oyl are almost infinite, in comforting, strengthning, and restoring of Nature, fortifying the Stomach, cor∣roborating the Heart, &c. And the spirituous Water is of the same nature, but weaker: See the Virtues at large, in Our Pharmacop. lib. 4. cap. 3. sect. 12. Where you have also the way of Exhibition. § 2. Af∣ter this manner almost all Oyls of Odoriferous Vegi∣tables may be drawn, as those of Roses, Sweet-Marjo∣ram, Jamaica Pepper, Cloves, Mace, Nutmegs, Aniseeds, Dill-seeds, Rosemary, La∣vender, Juniper, Sassasrass, Rhodium, &c. Which ei∣ther swim above the Water or sink, according as they are less or more repleat with Salts. § 3. The Niter is put into the digestion, that the water may the more power∣fully open the body of the matter, that it may the more easily exert and yeild its Oyl. § 4. The Cohobation serves only for the farther o∣pening of the body, to make a perfect separation of the Oyl, which without it could not be. § 5. You ought to make a sufficiently strong fire, otherwise the Oyl will

not rise at all. § 6. Cinna∣mon yields less Oyl than o∣ther Woods or Barks: one pound scarcely yielding a∣bove ʒj. of good Oyl. § 7. The Spirit of Cinnamon is only a rarified Oyl, whose parts are separated and divi∣ded in the Water by Fermen∣tation, so as to become im∣perceptible.

2. Oleum Benedictum, The Blessed Oyl.

℞ Benjamin ℥iiij. Myrrh ℥viij. pure Wax ℥xij. Ve∣nice Turpentine ℥xviij. recti∣fied Spirit of Wine ℥xxx. Ashes or Sand ℥xxxiiij. mix, and in a Retort distil the Flegm, Spi∣rit and Oyl: each of which separate a-part, and keep for use.

The Flegm easeth pain in Ulcers; the Spirit is good a∣gainst the Plague, as also the Pin and Web; the Oyl cures Wounds suddenly, is excel∣lent against the Strangury, Pleurisy, Worms, Coughs, Rheums, Feavers and Con∣sumptions. It is said to Cure the Plague, even to a Miracle. Dose à gut. vj. ad 1. in Canary. Outwardly mix it with Oyl of Almonds and anoint therewith.

3. Oleum Calami Aroma∣tici, Oyl of Calamus Aro∣maticus.

It is made as Oyl of Cin∣namon.

It Cures Catarrhs, and a weak Memory, Indigestion, Vomiting, a stinking Breath, swooning and sits of the Mother: It expels Urine, Terms and the Stone. Dose ad gut. x.

4. Oleum Carui, Oyl of Carraways.

It is made as Oyl of Cin∣namon.

It is good against Plague, Poyson, Melancholy; cau∣ses rest, helps dissiculty of Urine, Jaundice and Drop∣sy: it breaks the Stone and expels it: it stops fluxes, and expels Wind in any part of the Body: it comforts all the inward parts, and brings forth the Birth and After-Birth, provokes the Terms, and is a powerful Remedy a∣gainst the Epilepsy, Convul∣sions, Palsies, Apoplexy, and all Obstructions of both Li∣ver,

Spleen and Lungs; causing a sweet Breath, ta∣king away Asthma's, helping ulcers of the Lungs, and cau∣sing a good Appetite. It helps in all Diseases pro∣ceeding of cold, and any ways afflicting the Head or Nerves, as Vertigo's, Ca∣tarrhs, Megrim, Head-achs, as also Deafness, if one drop or two be mixed with three or four drops of Oyl of Al∣monds, and put into the Ear every morning. Dose gut. vj, viij, or x. drops, in any convenient Spirit or Water: outwardly you may anoint with it, by mixing it with Oyl of Almonds.

5. Oleum Compositum, A Compound Oyl.

℞ seeds of Fennel, Anise, Dill, Cummin, Parsly, Cori∣ander and Ivy-berries dryed, A. Extract the Oyl, as Oyl of Cinnamon.

It has all the Virtues of the former, besides which, it more powerfully breaks the Stone, and gives ease in the Chollick. Dose à gut. vj. ad x. or xij.

6. Oleum Rosemarini, Oyl of Rosemary.

℞ Rosemary-leaves and Flowers, bruise them, and co∣ver the same with S. V. tar∣tarized: digest for two or three Months, in a gentle heat, then distil it in Ashes with a gentle fire; so have you Oyl and Spirit, which se∣parate, keeping the Spirit for other distillations, or for use.

It has all the Virtues of Oyl of Cinnamon, Cloves, Nutmegs, Caraways, and Juniper-berries, but not al∣together so powerful, as are the Oyls of Cinnamon, Cloves and Nutmegs; it strengthens the Brain and Memory, fortifies the Heart, resists poyson, and cures all sorts of Agues: it is abso∣lutely the greatest strength∣ner of the sight, and restorer of it also if lost, of any thing thing in the World. It makes the Heart Merry, and takes away all foolish Fan∣tasms out of the Brain; it cleanses the blood, cures the Tooth-ack, easeth all pains from a cold cause, and takes away the causes hindring

Conception. It has a very grateful taste, and so many Vertues, that they are not easy to be all expressed. Dose à gut. vj. ad x. or xij. and to be taken as other di∣stilled Oyls. See cap. 1. sect. 9. aforegoing.

7. Oleum Amaraci com∣positum, Oyl of sweet Mar∣joram compound.

℞ sweet Marjoram, Pennyroyal, Sago, Rue, Time, Tansy, Mint, Wormwood, A. all being dryed, extract the Oyl, as that of Rosemary.

It has the Virtues of Oyl of Rosemary, only this more powerfully provokes the Terms.

8. Oleum Nicotianae, Oyl of Tobacco.

It is made as Oyl of Rose∣mary.

It is seldom used inwardly, outwardly it easeth the Tooth-ach, and all pains in any other part whatsoever∣lt cures the Kings-Evil; bitings of Venomous Beasts, Worms in Children; Sores, Scabs, Itch, Cankers and old Ulcers: This Oyl impreg∣nated with its Essential Salt, and made up into Troches, with Sugar and Gum, or Whites of Eggs, (half a grain or less in each Troch) being taken one every morning, will keep the body soluble.

9. Oleum Terebinthinae per Retortam, Oyl of Turpen∣tine by Retort.

℞ Venice Turpentine, put it into a glass Retort so that three parts be empty, but let it be first mixt with Sand 2 or 3 parts: distill with a soft fire, so will there come forth, 1. a clear water, 2. a clear Oyl. 3. a yellow Oyl; 4. a red Oyl; at the coming of this last, encrease the Fire to the height, draw off that red Oyl, and keep it as a precious Balm.

The first Oyl is hot, the second hotter, the last hot∣test. The white or yellow Oyl opens all Obstructions in the Reins and Bladder, as also pain and soreness pro∣ceeding of Cold; they expell Wind and the Stone; they take away pains of the Sto∣mach, and strengthen it, being anointed therewith; and may

be used in all old stinking Ulcers, Biles, Fractures, contracted and benummed Members, being mixed with other Oyntments and anoint∣ed. Fallopius saith, They cure Wounds in 24 hours: the red is the most effectual for all external purposes aforesaid. See Our Pharm. Lond. lib. 4. cap. 3. sect. 28. where you have another way of Distil∣ling Turpentine.

10 Oleum Myrrhae per Retortam, Oyl of Myrrh distilled by Retort.

℞ Myrrh sinely poudred, from which extract the Tin∣cture with S. V. rectified: Take the faeces which will not dissolve, with which mix fine Sand, put them into a Retort, upon which put all the ex∣tracted Tincture; distill first in sand, with a gentle fire; so have you first a white Liquor then a yellow Oyl••remove now your Receiver, and apply ano∣ther, and with a strong Fire draw off the red or blackish Oyl.

It is used chiefly to open Obstructions of the Womb, and to expell the Child: it helps Hoarseness, Coughs, Quinsies, Pleurisies, Chol∣licks, Fluxes, Feavers, Agues, (chiefly Quartans,) kills Worms, and is praevalent against the Lethargy, For∣getfulness and Deafness. Outwardly it is good against Erysipela's, Gangreens, Tu∣mors, green Wounds and old Ulcers. See other ways of Di∣stilling hereof in our Phar∣macopoeia lib. 4. cap. 3. sect. 29.

11. Oleum Corticis Citri, Oyl of Citron Peels.

℞ The outward yellow rinde of Citrons, which put into a Glass Cucurbit, putting thereon distilled Rain-water, to over-top the breadth of 3 or 4 fingers: digest in a Sand heat 12 or 14 days, then di∣still with a moderate fire, so have you a Water, with a small quantity of yellow Oyl which swims at top; both of them very odoriferous, chiefly the Oyl, whose taste is very penetrating.

It is an excellent Oyl against all manner of Poyson and Venom, against the Plague, and all manner of

Malign Contagions, and Epi∣demick Diseases. It provokes Sweat powerfully, and expells the malign humour by insen∣sible transpiration. It cures all cold Diseases of the Sto∣mach, and takes away all pains there, or in the sides, coming of Cold. It is a present Remedy in the Quinsey and Pleurisy, and against the bitings of Vipers and Serpents of all sorts. It strengthens the heart, revives the Spirits, comforts the noble parts, and fortifies the whole man. Dose à gut. ij. ad viij. dropt upon fine poudred Sugar, well mixt together, and drank in its own water as a Vehicle; or you may take it in Sack. After the same manner you may distill Oyl and Water from the rinds of Oranges and Limons. The sowr juy∣ces of these kinds of Fruit, are seldom or never Chymi∣cally prepared, but only pu∣resied, or made into a Syrup nevertheless the aqueous part may be separated in B.M.

12: Oleum de Ranis Sen∣nerti, Oyl of Frogs.

℞ Green Frogs living ei∣ther in Reeds, or in pure and clear water, fill their mouths with Butter, and afterwards put them into an Earthen Pot that is Glased, and having in its bottom many little holes: Let this Pot be put into ano∣ther Pot, and that other Pot be put into and surrounded with Earth, in the which it is to be as it were shut up: Then let as well the Pot that hath the Cover, as that Pot which is put into it, be care∣fully luted and stopt, that so nothing may Exhale: after∣wards let the Fire be kindled round about the Pot on every side, and the Oyl will distill into the lower Pot, which it to be taken forth, (and toge∣ther with the pouder of the Frogs mingled, for the ma∣king of a Liniment.)

This eases all manner of Pains in any part of the body, chiefly of the Gout; but it was invented for easing of pains in a Cancer, and to cure it, for which it is a real good thing. It cures almost all manner of breakings out, and blemishes of the Face and Skin by barely anoint∣ing with it.

13. Oleum Philosphorum Compositum Langij, Oyl of Philosophers Compound.

℞ Oleum Philosophorum or Brick lb ss. Frankincense, Mastich, Gum Arabick, Turpentine, A. ʒ iij. beat them together and distill in an Alembick, to the Distil∣lation add Salt of Holm Oak ʒij. and distill it again, keep∣ing the Oyl for use.

It is a very admirable thing against Scrophulae or the Kings Evil, as also for all other sordid and malign Ulcers, if wisely used. Here note, that if you cannot get Salt of Holm Oak, you may use Sal Gem instead there∣of.

14. Oleum Jovis per de∣liquium, Oyl of Tin by dis∣solving.

℞ Salt of Tin, abstract often from it S.V. lastly sepa∣rate the Spirit, to a moderate consistency, and set it to Cri∣stalize. Those Crystals dis∣solve in a cold Collar, per de∣siquium into Oyl,

It is the most noted thing in the World against Fits of the Mother, and Hypocon∣driack Melancholy, perform∣ing the Cure almost to a Miracle, being given inward∣ly in a proper Vehiculum (af∣ter due purgation) à gut. j. ad iij. or iiij. It is good al∣so against Convulsions, Apo∣plexies, Epilepsies, Megrims, Vertigo's, and other Disea∣ses of the Head and Brain: but 'tis not often used, be∣cause of the difficulty of ma∣king of it.

15. Oleum Argenti Kesleri, Kesters Oyl of Silver.

℞ Calx of Silver (made by Amalgamation of Silver, p.j. with Mercury p. viij.) ce∣ment it with Salt, which ab∣stract by washing, sublime it ℥j. with Sal Armoniack ℥iiij. do it five times, abstract it by washing, some say, with some sharp Liquor, as Spirit of Vinegar; (others, with Spirit of May-dew) then with high∣ly exalted S. V. extract a blew Tincture, which inspis∣sate till it is dry, what re∣mains will be a Salt, which in a Collar will be Argentum Potabile, or an Oyl of Silver

and in about 80 days will be fixed.

It has all the Virtues of the Crystals of Silver, cures all diseases of the Head, and is a great specifick, for the Cure of the Falling-sickness: Dose a gr. iij ad vij.

16. Oleum Vitrioli Drusii, Oyl of Vitriol of Drusius.

℞ Vitriol, melt it in a well glaz'd earthen pan, calcine it till it is red, pouder it, and moisten it with S. V. put it into an Earthen Retort that will endure the Fire, encrease the fire by degrees, till it come to the height, for 3 days, or until the Receiver (having been full of Fumes) becomes clear, and the Spirit or Oyl comes: then according to Art, rectify it, by separating the S.V. spirit of Vitriol, and oyl, one from another.

It cools in all Feavers, re∣freshes, resists putrefaction, and the Plague, breaks, dis∣solves and expels the stone: dose à gut. iiij ad xvj. in any convenient Vehicle: for its other vertues, see our Dispen∣satory, lib. 3. cap. 11. sect. 78.

17. Oleum Ferri per De∣liquium, Oyl of Iron by Dis∣solution.

℞ Choice spirit of salt, spi∣rit of Vitriol, A. distill them over together, looking well to the Fire, lest the glass break: in this double spirit dissolve clean filings of needles: filter the solution, put it into a Glass Cucurbit, with the head of an Alembick, to which lute a large receiver; then give fire by degrees, distill first the Flegm, then (with a stron∣ger fire) the spirits, so long as any will come over: after which let it cool, and in the Alembick you shall find sto∣wers, which in a cool and moist Air, will dissolve into a pure red Oyl.

It is a secret in curing the Piles and Hemorrhoids, as also Ficus in ano, Condylo∣mata, Clefts, and other dis∣eases of the Fundament.

18. Oleum Mercurii sub∣limati, Oyl of Mercury sub∣limed.

℞ Quicksilver well purifi∣ed, sublime it from Vitriol and Niter, A. what sublimes red (and lies upon the Caput

Mort.) grind with as much sublim••d Alum, then sublime the red ☿ from the Alum, take it out, & sublime it again by it self, so will it be free from any ill taste: grind it small, put it on a Bolt-head, and put thereon a well prepa∣red S. V. digest 40 daies, so will it become an Oyl: sepa∣rate the S V. in a gentle B.M. and the remaining Mercury distil in sand with a strong fire, so a white Juyce will ascend, which (with that that sticks on the side of the Glass) distil over by the force of the fire again, and you will have a sweet insted heavy oyl, which keep for use.

This is a Most admirable Metallick Laudanum, and an universal Medicine in the Plague, and all other Malign and Epidemical Diseases. It totally extirpates and radi∣cally cures the French dis∣ease. Dose à gut.ij ad iiij. in a proper Vehiculum. You may administer it in the Gout, Sciatica and Scurvy.

19. Oleum Antimonij ru∣brum••, red oil of Antimony.

℞ sine Regulus of Antimony, grind it to a subtle pouder, put it in a Cucurbit, and by degrees put on it good A. R. (prepar'd with salt) so dis∣solve the Antimony: when it will dissove no more, de∣cant it, and on the remaining part undissolved put fresh A. R. so doing till all the An∣timony is dissolv'd, then let it stand unmoved, and the An∣timony will settle to the bot∣tom of the Glass in a White pouder, from which decant the Water, and with other water warmed, edulcorate the pouder and dry it; being dry, put it into an Iron box, stop it well with a Screw, so that no Air may enter, keep it 5 daies in a good heat, then take it out, and you will find it red, from which with spirit of Vinegar extract a red Tin∣cture: abstract the Vinegar, and upon the remainder put S.V. rectrfied:digest in B M. then in a glass Retort well lu∣ted, draw a blood red Oyl, ac∣cording to Art.

It cures the Apoplexy, Le∣thargy, Epilepsy, Vertigo, Carus, Catalepsis, and most other Diseases of the Head and Brain, in which it is a very great Arcanum, Dose à gut. 4. ad x.

20. Oleum foetidum Juni∣peri, Stinking Oyl of Juni∣per.

℞ Juniper-berries which have already yielded their Aromatick Oyl, fill with them a Stone or Glass Re∣tort luted, put it into a heat of Sand or Ashes in a small Re∣verberatory Furnace, so will many white Vapours come forth, which in the Receiver will condense themselves, some into an acid Spirit, and some into a black, stinking and Caustick Oyl: ℥ xvj of Berries will yield ℥ij. of Oyl, and ℥xij. of this Acid Spirit: if you use fresh Ber∣ries, whose Aromatick Oyl is not yet extracted, the stink∣ing Oyl will be double in quantity: separate by a glass Funnel the Oyl from the Acid Spirit.

It is of singular use for the Spina Ventosa, or the Gangreen and rot of the Bones, for all old Ulcers, Ring-worms and the Tooth∣ach; if the Tooth be hollow, dip a little Cotten therein, and stop the Tooth therewith. See my Pharm. lib. 4. cap. 3. sect. 24.

21. Oleum Tartari foe∣tidum, Stinking Oyl of Tartar.

℞ White Tartar of Mont∣pellier in fine pouder, put it into a Stone Retort, filling it up to the Neck: put it into an Ash Furnace, fit to it a Receiver, and give Fire by degrees, so will you have a white, dark vapour, which will continue all the time of the Operation. The Flegm comes first; then Tartar takes Fire and flames in the Re∣tort; from the smoak of this Flame comes the Spirit and Oyl: continue the Fire tiil the Receiver is clear and cold, though a strong Fire be under the Retort: lastly, separate the Spirit from the Oyl ac∣cording to Art.

§ 1. The Oyl is stinking and Caustick, is good in a Spina Ventosa, for it exfoli∣ates Bones. The Acid Spirit being rectified is good against the Gravel and Stone. § 2. By this Work it is apparent that Tartar is a very Sulphurous Salt, for that it takes Fire in the Retort, and yields a black, stinking and inflamable Oyl. § 3. One pound of Tartar

will yield about ℥x. of Spirit with its F••egm; ℥ij. of Oyl, and ℥iiij. of black Faeces in the Retort. § 4. These black Faeces being dissolved in Wa∣ter, filterated and coagula∣ted, yield above ℥iij. of most pure Salt of Tartar. See my Pharmacop••eia, lib. 4. cap. 3. sect. 41.

22. Oleum ex corticibus Limonium, Oyl of Limon-Peels.

Is is drawn as is that of Oranges, which we have taught in Our Pharmacop. Londinensis, lib. 4. cap. 3. sect. 2. Which see in the place cited.

It is an excellent Cepha∣lick, Stomatick and Hyste∣rick; is good against all cold and moist Diseases of the Brain, Nerves and Joynts: it eases pains in any part, coming from a cold cause, stops rheums, gives ease in the Chollick, expels Wind, and comforts and revives all the spirits, Natural, Vital and Animal; fortifies the Heart, causes a good Digestion, and strengthens all weakned re∣solved and parallytck Mem∣bers. Dose inwardly à gut. ij. ad viij. being first dropt into Sugar, and well mixed therewith, and then mixed with a Vehicle proper to the same purpose. Outwardly, you may mix it with equal parts of Oyl of Sweet Al∣monds, and so anoint there∣with the places affected: but beware that there be no in∣flamation on the part.