Ars chirurgica a compendium of the theory and practice of chirurgery in seven books ... shewing the names, causes, signs, differences, prognosticks, and various intentions of curing all kinds of chirurgick diseases ... : to which is added Pharmacopoeia chirurgica, or, The medical store, Latin and English ... / by William Salmon ...

VI. Defilements, or Vices of the EYES.

CHAP. XL. Of BLISTERS of the EYES.

I. THEY are called in Greek, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. in Latin, Phlyctaenae Oculorum; and in English, Blisters of the Eyes.

II. They are litte Tumors, like Gromwel-seed, happening in the white of the Eye, viz. in the Cornea and Adnata; being full of Water, proceeding from a sharp Humor: which being broken, there follows an Exulceration.

III. Those in the Adnata are red; those in the Cornea, blackish if outwards, but whitish if in∣wards.

IV. The Prognosticks. Those which grow in the Adnata, are less dangerous than they in the Cornea.

V. The more superficial, the less danger; the more inward, the more danger: for it is to be feared, that they should erode the whole thickness of the Cornea; whereby the watery Humor will be let forth, or the Ʋvea start out.

VI. If there be an Exulcera∣tion, and it be not stayed, it will corrupt the whole Eye: but if the Ulcer seizeth only the Ca∣runcle, and that the Punctum Lachrymale grows callous, it becomes Fistula Lachrymalis.

VII. The Cure. In the Cure hereof, you must resolve the Matter conjoined, and revert the ante∣cedent Cause; taking great heed that you bring not the Pustules to suppuration, lest they should turn into Ulcers.

VIII. Therefore those Evacua∣tions, Revulsions, and Deriva∣tions, which we shall hereafter use in the Cure of an Ophthal∣my, must be used here.

IX. If they be with inflam∣mation, they must be cured as other Inflammations: for which purpose, Saccharum Saturni dis∣solved in Eyebright or Fennel Water, is here of all Remedies the chifeest.

X. If they be from a waterish Humor, you must exsiccate and dry; which you may do with Lapis Tutia, Calaminaris, and such like: here Brandy dropt into the Eye several times, is of good use.

XI. Afterwards you must apply such Topicks, which may gently

repercuss and discuss, such as we shall hereafter lay down in an Ophthalmy: then such things as are more dissolving and drying, and especially Ophthalmick-Ointments, which discuss, and dry up Pustles.

XII. Those which are superficial, and appear of a darker colour, are called in Greek Epicaumata.

XIII. Those which are more deep, under the second or third Film, which seem white, by rea∣son of the whiteness of the Cornea, are called Encaumata; these are more dangerous, and do often eat thro' the whole Cornea Tunicle.

XVI. Barbett saith, that these Phlyctaenae are easily cured by this Pouder. ℞ White Sugar∣candy, prepared Tutty, A. ℥ ss. red Coral prepared, Camphir, white Vitriol, Saccharum Sa∣turni, A. ℈ ij. mix, and make a fine Pouder.

CHAP. XLI. Of a SWELLING in the CORNER of the EYE.

I. IT is called in Greek, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. in Latin, An∣chilops; and in English, A Swelling in the Corner of the Eye.

II. It is a Tumor in the great Corner of the Eye, near the Nose: it is either with, or without Inflammation; if not broken, it is called Anchilops; but if inflamed and broken, it is called Aegilops.

III. The Signs. When it is inflamed, it is like a small Phle∣gmone; red about, with a shooting pain.

IV. The Causes. It proceeds of a thick viscous Humor like Honey; painless, and included in a Cistis.

V. The Prognosticks. It is difficultly cured: if the Apostem opens, it becomes an Ʋlcer, which quickly turns hollow; and then is called Fistula Lachrymalis: which continuing a year, causeth foulness of the Bone.

VI. The Cure. In the begin∣ning of the Tumor, you must repel the Defluxion from the Part, use Repercussives to the Forehead, and Purge with proper Cathar∣ticks: to which purpose you may apply Ceratum Santalinum, or that pro Herniosis, (in Our Pharmac. Lond. Lib. 5. Cap. 5. Sect. 3, 10.)

VII. Or this of Riverius: ℞ Pomgranate-peels, Acacia, Balaustins, Galls, Cypress-nuts, Roch-alum, fine Bole, A. ʒ j. white Wax ℥ iv. Turpentine ʒ iij. make a Cerate.

VIII. After the use of Re∣percussives, apply Resolvers to the part affected; such as Liquor Ophthalmicus, (in our Pharmac. Lond. lib. 4. cap. 11. sect. 22.) or this Decoction: ℞ Honey, fine

fine Aloes, A. ℥j. Myrrh ʒss. Saf∣fron ʒj. Water lbij. boil gently to the consumption of a third part; with a Spunge squeeze it into the Eye, and apply the Spunge warm to the part, binding it on: after which you may apply the Ceratum Capitale Horstii, or Our Ceratum Album.

IX. If the Tumor will not resolve, but come to suppuration, whereby it becomes Aegilops, you must forward the maturation with simple Diachylon: or if there be Pain or Inflammation, you may apply a Cataplasm of Crums of Bread.

X. If it will not break, you must open it with a Lancet, with∣out delay; lest the contained matter should corrode the Parts, and make an incurable Fistula. Some open it with the hot Iron, but the cold is best.

XI. After the Apostem is opened, you must pursue the me∣thod of Cure, according to the Precepts of the next Chapter.

CHAP. XLII. A RƲNNING SORE in the EYE.

I. IT it is called in Greek, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. in Latin, Aegi∣lops; and in English, a Running Sore in the Eye.

II. It is a Running Sore or Ʋlcer in the great corner of the Eye next the Nose; from Anchilops being broken.

III. The Cause of its breaking, is from Cholerick Blood afflicting the Eye; with much pain, and a flux of sharp Humors which corrode the skin.

IV. The Prognosticks. Aegilops is of difficult cure, in regard Medicines are troublesom, and ill to be applied to it; by reason the Sight is so nigh.

V. But it is of more difficult cure, when the Apostem or Ʋlcer breaks out at the Nose, whereby the matter flows out at the Nostrils.

VI. And it is most difficult of cure, when it degenerates into a Cancer; which is accompanied with pricking pain, extension of the Veins, hardness and blewness of the Skin.

VII. The Cure. Let the Body be first well purged with Our Pilulae Catharticae, once or twice, and af∣terwards 3 or 4 several times with Sal Mirabile, given from ℥ ss, to ℥ j. and let the use thereof be continued once every fifth or sixth day, till the Cure is com∣pleated; that the Humors which are apt to fall into the Eye, may be constantly carried off.

VIII. Also if the Ʋlcer, or parts near it be very hot, full of pain, and inflamed; you will do well to divert the Humor in some measure, by applying a Se∣ton to the nape of the Neck,

at least a Blistering-plaster; which ought to be kept run∣ning as long as it can conve∣niently.

IX. As for Topicks to be ap∣plied to the Part, Authors advise to Resolutives and Maturatives, or Digestives, that it may be made fit for cleansing as soon as may be; of which kind this is good: ℞ Mithridate ℥ ss. Melliginous Extract of Juniper∣berries ʒ iij. Honey of Roses ʒ ij. Gum Elemi ʒj. Saffron in pouder ʒ ss. mix, and apply it daily.

X. After it is brought to good digestion, you must cleanse it with good Detersives: wash it every day with Decoction of Celan∣dine, Fennel, and Rue; or with the juice of Fennel and Hyssop.

XI. Then dress it with this: ℞ Honey of Roses ℥ j. fine Aloes in pouder, Sarcocolla in pouder, Frankincense and Mastich in pouder, A. ʒ j ss. fine Verdigrise gr. xxiv. mix them well together; lay it upon fine Lint, and dress the Eye therewith morning and evening.

XII. After it is well cleansed you must dry it, and heal it, by washing it constantly four or five times a day, or oftner, with Our Aqua Ophthalmica: if there seems to be a flux of Humors into the Eye, you must add to the Eye-water, an equal part of choice Brandy; for there∣by the Eye and Part will be strengthned; the Humor will be more effectually dryed up, and the Ulcer healed.

XIII. If it breaks inwards, into the Nose, you must then pre∣pare your detersive Washes to be snuffed up the Nostril; or other∣wise to be cast up with a Sy∣ringe, and to be often repeated, at least six or eight times a day, for some time.

XIV. After which, you must cast up Washes only drying and healing, mixt with a good quan∣tity of choice Brandy: Thus; ℞ Fair-water ℥ vj. white Vi∣triol, Roch-alum, Saccharum Sa∣turni, A. ʒss. Spirit of Wine ℥iv. Mel Rosarum ℥ ij ss. mix them, to inject with a Syringe, several times a day.

XV. If it degenerates into Fistula Lachrymalis, cure it as we shall direct in its proper place: you may use this to cleanse; ℞ Myrrh ʒ j. Aloes ℈ j. Sugar∣candy ʒ iij. yolks of Eggs N^o iij. Goats-milk ℥ix. mix them.

XVI. And this to Heal: ℞ Red Coral prepared, Harts-horn burnt, Sarcocol, burnt Lead, A. ℈ j. San∣guis Draconis, Crocus Metallorum, A. ℈ ss. white Starch ʒss. Gum∣tragacanth ʒj. dissolved in Rose-water: mix all with Horsetail-water q.s. and make a Colly∣rium.