Ars chirurgica a compendium of the theory and practice of chirurgery in seven books ... shewing the names, causes, signs, differences, prognosticks, and various intentions of curing all kinds of chirurgick diseases ... : to which is added Pharmacopoeia chirurgica, or, The medical store, Latin and English ... / by William Salmon ...

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Title
Ars chirurgica a compendium of the theory and practice of chirurgery in seven books ... shewing the names, causes, signs, differences, prognosticks, and various intentions of curing all kinds of chirurgick diseases ... : to which is added Pharmacopoeia chirurgica, or, The medical store, Latin and English ... / by William Salmon ...
Author
Salmon, William, 1644-1713.
Publication
London : Printed for J. Dawks ... and sold by S. Sprint [and 6 others] ...,
M.DC.XCVIII [1698]
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Subject terms
Medicine -- 15th-18th centuries.
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http://name.umdl.umich.edu/A60561.0001.001
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"Ars chirurgica a compendium of the theory and practice of chirurgery in seven books ... shewing the names, causes, signs, differences, prognosticks, and various intentions of curing all kinds of chirurgick diseases ... : to which is added Pharmacopoeia chirurgica, or, The medical store, Latin and English ... / by William Salmon ..." In the digital collection Early English Books Online 2. https://name.umdl.umich.edu/A60561.0001.001. University of Michigan Library Digital Collections. Accessed October 31, 2024.

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IV. Defilements, or Vices Of SKIN and FLESH.
CHAP. XXVII. Of SCABBINESS.

I. IT is called in Greek, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. in Latin, Psoora, Scabies; and in English, the Scab, or Scabbiness.

II. The Description. It may be known by sight, there being not only present some defilement and

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deformity of the Cuticula, but also a distemper even of the very Skin, together with a swelling and exulceration; from whence it is that the Actions of the Skin are also hurt.

III. It generally succeeds the Itch, or a vehement Surfeit; especially if it be in an ex∣ceeding Scorbutick habit of Body; those Diseases being as it were the Praeludia or Fore∣runners of Psoora or Scabbiness.

IV. But in a Scabies, the top, or utmost part of the Cutis is affected; and Galen upon the Aphorisms, sect. 4. aphor. 17. saith, that there is a falling off of the Skin, (to wit, in patches, or pieces, where the Scabbiness is;) so that he will have it to have some resemblance with the casting off the Skins of Serpents.

V. The Differences. It differs from the Itch, because in that there is only a roughness of the Skin, with watery Pustules break∣ing forth; in which there is no∣thing which falls off, notwith∣standing the scratching: whereas in Psoora or Scabies, there is not only a roughness of the Skin, but a Distemper, with swelling, breaking-out, and a dry Scab, and sometimes run∣ning; from which by scratch∣ing, the Scabs or Scabby-matter is easily separated, and with the same, an ichorous matter, and filthy purulent excrements.

VI. The Kinds. It is either a dry Scabbiness, or moist, running with pus, or matter: it is also again, either recent or inve∣terate; and it is also either in some parts only, or over the whole Body.

VII. The Causes. Galen, in his book of Tumors, cap. 1, & 3. says it proceeds from Melancholy, or adust matter; and upon the Aphorisms, sect. 7. aph. 40. that Cancers, Elephantiases, Lepra's, and Psoora's, are all of them Melancholy Affects.

VIII. But Avicen, in his fourth Tome, lib. 7. tract. 3. cap. 6. saith, that the Cause of a Scabies is the Blood, with which Choler is mixed, and that, with salt Phlegm, converted into Melan∣choly.

IX. Other Physicians say, that in Psoora or Scabies, the Humor is not always one; but that in every Scabies there is some mixture of adust Choler and Melancholy, or of Humors hot and dry: but it is in the dry Scabies, that Galen makes the Melancholy Humor to abound.

X. However, since the Scabies is generally an universal Affect of the whole Body, it must mostly proceed from Blood and Lympha; or the Blood and Lympha de∣filed with excrementitious Hu∣mors, not sufficiently separated and expelled the right ways; to wit, by Urine, Stool, Sweat, Menses, Hemorrhoids, &c.

XI. So that the Sanguineous and Lymphatick juices, must of necessity be corrupted with sharp and biting Humors, mixt with salt Phlegm and adust Choler, which are Humors most apt and fit to produce Psoora, or Scabies.

XII. For these Humors being thick and hot, they excite a hot

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and dry Distemper, causing an itching, swelling, and exulce∣ration.

XIII. The procatartick, or re∣mote Cause, is partly from Diet, viz. eating Meats of evil juice, yielding an unwholesom and cor∣rupt nourishment; such as are salt, sharp, and easily cor∣rupted: and hence it is, that the poorer sort of people, who live upon such unwhole∣som and corrupt Food, are most frequently infected with a Scabies, or Scabbiness; as also young people and children, who are careless and heedless of their Diet.

XIV. For from these bad and evil Meats, salt and sharp Humors are easily bred, espe∣cially in a hot habit of Body; whereupon the Blood and Lympha contract great store of Excrements, which being re∣tained, and let fall into the outward parts of the Body, are are there corrupted, and so get an acrimonious qua∣lity.

XV. Another procatartick cause is, want of cleanliness, or nasti∣ness of the Body, not keeping it sweet and clean, and with clean Linen and Cloathing, as it ought to be: for the filthiness of the Skin being not duly washed off, or the Garments not changed often enough, the filth and impurities stick in the super∣ficies of the Skin, and obstruct the Pores; so that there is not a free passage for the recre∣ments of the Blood and Lym∣pha; which being retained, corrupt the Juices of the Body, and give them a kind of acrimony.

XVI. Poison (where it is not so great as to kill) is accounted another cause of a Scabies; and Contagion (which Galen ac∣knowledges) is reckoned up among the principal Causes: for in the superficies of the Skin, in those that are scabby, there is a cer∣tain viscous and clammy moi∣sture, which is contagious; which being either by touching, or by the Linen, Sheets, or Apparel, or some other means, commu∣nicated to other Bodies unin∣fected, corrupts their Humors in the like manner, and pro∣duces the like Affect; more especially in such habits, as are predisposed to a Scabies.

XVII. But of the two kinds of Scabies, dry and moist, the moist Scabies is the most conta∣gious; in regard that it yields more of that viscid and clammy matter.

XVIII. The Signs. The dry Scabies, which is said to proceed from a black and Melancholy Humor chiefly, with a mixture of other Humors; either sends forth nothing at all which is moist out of the parts affected; or if any thing does issue out, it is thick and dry; and the Ulcers them∣selves, or places upon which the Scabs lay, are wan and pale, and sometimes black.

XIX. In the moist Scabies, there abounds a salt Phlegm, out of which there plentifully flows forth much moist filth and cor∣ruption; which is either icho∣rous, thin, subtil, and sharp; or rotten, filthy, and purulent:

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being of a thicker and more di∣gested substance.

XX. The Prognosticks. Tho this Scabies is many times with∣out danger, but only causes defor∣mity, yet always it is not secure and safe, and of the several species or kinds; the dry is more difficult to be cured than the moist.

XXI. And therefore of what sort soever it be, the cure ought not to be neglected (even for the ve∣ry deformity sake, were there no other cause) but withal possi∣ble hast and care to be pursued, and the Disease removed.

XXII. If it has its Original from the Birth, being a contami∣nation from the impurities of the Mothers Womb, as being begot in the time of the flowing of the terms, or the Seeds being defiled with impure Whites, or other sharp humors of the Womb, it is rarely or never cured, but most∣ly accompanies the Patient to their Lives end.

XXIII. But a Quaery may here arise; that tho' none of the ordi∣nary methods hitherto attempted in a Scabies from such a maternal Pollution, has prevailed or done a∣ny good; whether a Salivation in this case might not be so powerful as to remove the Evil, and cure the Disease, since it draws off the whole mass of the old and defiled Lympha, and introduces that which is new and pure.

XXIV. If a Scabies comes not by contagion or contract, but from internal causes of the Humors; then it is for the most part criti∣cal, and proceeds from the vitious property of some of the Bowels, in which corrupt Humors being generated, they are by nature protruded to the outward parts, or surface of the Skin. Now if Nature be not always able to do this, or if by Repercussives or o∣ther improper Medicaments, the morbifick Matter is kept in, it will have recourse to other places, and breed other more dangerous Diseases.

XXV. Sometimes it begets Quartans, and other Agues: some∣times continual Fevers; Some∣times Asthmas, and vehement Coughs, with spitting of Blood; sometimes inordinate Fevers, and many times a Phthisis, or Con∣sumption of the Lungs.

XXVI. Authors give Examples of all these Diseases breaking forth, after the removing of an inveterate or habitual Scabies; and that up∣on forcing out the Humour a∣gain, the Patient has been freed from those other new Diseases.

XXVII. Sennertus tells us of a certain Student who had been affected with a Scabies, who up∣on the drying up, or keeping the Humour in, became presently blind, and continued so for some few days, together with an extra∣ordinary streightness of Brest, difficulty of Breathing, and black Urine: And these continued with him, till the adust Hu∣mor was evacuted with proper Purges, and he had took Fumi∣tory and the like, after which, in about four days time more, he recovered his sight again.

XXVIII. The same party (some time after) being again afflicted with the same Disease (and keep∣ing

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the Humor in like manner in, by improper Medicines I suppose) did not loose his sight as for∣merly, but the Falling-sickness fell upon him; out of which, he was also recovered again by fit and proper Medica∣ments.

XXIX. The same Sennertus says also, That he knew a Youth of 14 years old, who having a Scabies, which not being removed according to Art, but with impro∣per Ointments, lost his sight, and made black Urine, and at length was seized with the Falling-sickness, of which (the Fits being vehement and very frequent) in the end thereof he died.

XXX. And some from this un∣skilful taking away of a Scabies, (without first removing the Caco∣chymy, and purging away the re∣crements of the Humors, by proper Purgers, and other internal Me∣dicaments) by application of repercussives, and other impro∣per externals, have been seiz∣ed with vehement Stitches in the sides, shootings in the Brest, Cachexies, Pleurifies, and other like dangerous Diseases.

XXXI. These same Observati∣ons are also to be noted in the A∣chores, or Scald-head (which is indeed a species of Psoora, or Scabies,) of which Disease Hip∣pocrates in his Book of the E∣pilepsies, saith, Those Infants (saith he) who have Scabs breaking forth upon their Heads and Ears, and upon the rest of their Body, and such as spit often, or abound with shot or snivel at Nose, these in the pro∣gress of their Age live most in Health: for to these places flow, and from those parts is purged forth that Flegm, which ought to have been purged away in the Mothers Womb; and these Infants who are thus purged, are never seiz∣ed with the Falling-sickness.

XXXII. Whereas, if upon the unskilful application of repelling Medicines, these Achores, or scald-heads, are healed, those Infants or Children, many times fall into Fevers, Obstructions of the Lungs, Coughs, Asthmas, Epi∣lepsies, Convulsions, &c. the vitious Humour retiring, and falling upon the internal, and many times the more noble parts, causing in a short time (for the most part) their deaths.

XXXIII. The Cure. The true method of curing this Disease is, 1. By administration of proper internal Medicaments, 2. By the application of proper To∣picks.

XXXIV. The Internal Medi∣cines fit for this purpose, are, 1. Purging Medicaments, as Emeticks and Catharticks. 2. Proper Diets, which may alter the habit of the Body, cool the preternatural heat and sweeten the Juyces thereof, by absorbing the acrimony, salt∣ness and acidity of the Hu∣mours.

XXXV. Purging. If the Sto∣mach is foul, it ought first to be cleansed with some proper Eme∣tick, as infusion of Crocus Me∣tallorum, Vinum Antimoniale, Tar∣tar Emeticum, and in weaker Constitutions with Oxymel Scil∣liticum, any or either of them, two or three times repeated.

XXXVI. The Stomach being cleansed, the Bowels ought then

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to be emptied with proper Ca∣tharticks. As with Electuarium Catharticum, or the Pulvis Cor∣nachini; the Pulvis Catharticus is an extraordinary thing; and in strong Constitutions you may give the Pulvis Rheumaticus.

XXXVII. If the Terms are stopt, they ought to be provoked with powerful Emmenogogicks; and if the Hemmorrhoids are stopt, where they have been used to flow, they ought to be open∣ed; for Nature will by these ways expel much of the vitious Blood and Humours.

XXXVIII. ℞ Decoction of Se∣na ℥ix. Syrups of Fumitory of Epithymum and of Cichory, a. ℥ij. mix them for two Doses. Or,

XXXIX. ℞ Clarified juyce of Fumitory ℥viij. Sena ʒij. Rhubarb sliced ʒj. infuse for some hours warm, or boil a walm or two and strain, which sweeten with Syrup of Fumitory or Syrup of Cichory, for two Doses.

XL. ℞ Sena ℥j. Agarick, Rhubarb thin sliced, a. ℥ss. Spicknard ʒij. Aniseeds, Liquorice a. ʒj. Ginger ℥ss. Juices of Fu∣mitory and Scabious a. lbjss. mix and infuse scalding hot for two hours close covered, then boil two or three walms, and strain out, which sweeten with Syrup of Damask Roses, for six doses, to be taken every day, in an inveterate Sca∣bies.

XLI. To such as cannot take Liquid Purges, you may give Pills, as our Family Pills, ad ʒss. or Pilulae Catharticae, which are to be five or six time repeated at due intervals of time: Or,

XLII. Purge with Panchyma∣gogon Vegetable, mingled with Mercurius dulcis, or Arcanum Corallinum; and let them drink Whey clarified with Fumitory. Or, with Confectio Hamech ʒiij. mixt with Elect. of Roses of Mesue ʒjss.

XLIII. Or, After other Prepa∣rations and Purgations, give this: ℞ Clarified Juices of Fu∣mitory and Cichory, a. ℥iij. infuse therein for one night, Roots of black Hellebor ʒjss. Aniseeds and Carraways, Winters Cinnamon, a. ℈j. Cloves ℈ss. strain out by pres∣sing, and sweeten with Syrupus Catharticus ʒvj.

XLIV. But that which is more especially to be administred as a Specifick, is the Whey of Goats Milk, to which must be added, Syrupus Catharticus ab ℥j. ad iij.

XLV. When the Body has been thus sufficiently Purged, then pro∣voke Sweat, with our Theriaca Chymica, mixed with ʒss. of the inspissate juice of Fumitory: Or, the said juice may be gi∣ven with Spirit of Elder-Ber∣ries: And if it be rebellious, you must exhibit decoction of Guajacum and Sassafras, in a sudorifick manner.

XLVI. This done, cleanse the Body, by often taking Spirit or Tincture of Tartar; cool and sweeten the Blood with ma∣gistrey or Tincture of Corals or Pearl.

XLVII. Or, Provoke Sweat with Spirit of Danewort, Gua∣jacum, Antimonium Diaphoreti∣cum, &c.

XLVIII. And then outwardly anointing either with Mercurial

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Ointments, or the ablution of ☿ dulcis in Lime-water, &c. with Pomatum, the Cure will be perfected.

XLIX. If it be the moist Scab, it is more easily cured than the dry Scab: first, by Evacuation with Epithymum, Polypody, Sena, whey of Goats-milk, and juices of Roses and Fumitory: secondly, by provoking Sweat, by Sect. 45, 46, 47. or thus: ℞ Spirit of Danewort ℥ ss. Fumitory-Water ℥ ij ss. mix them.

L. Thirdly, by Baths of sweet Water, Sulphur-baths, and Baths with Vinegar, with the middle-Bark of Frangula. With these Baths and Whey alone, (saith Sennertus) even the most contu∣macious Scabies is often cured.

LI. Examples of these Mineral-Baths, Sennertus has many, of which take these: ℞ Alum ℥j ss. Sulphur ℥ ij. Nitre ℥ j. Salt an handful: all being in pouder, cast it into a Kettle full of Water warmed.

LII. Or, ℞ Salt lbss. Alum ℥ iij. Vitriol ℥ iv. Tartar, Nitre, a. ℥ ij. being in a pouder, cast them into a Bath of Water. In these Baths you may before∣hand boil Camomil, Fennel, Fea∣therfew, Savory, Tyme, Mallows, Fumitory, Scabious, Mugwort, Beet, roots of Sharp-pointed-dock, Elecampane, Briony: after these are boiled, and the Minerals put in, add meal of Lupins, Orobus, and Beans, Wheat-bran, &c.

LIII. Outwardly, we commend anointing with these Ʋnguents; viz. Enulatum, ex Oxylapatho, Valentia Scabiosae: but if the Humor be confirmed and setled, you must use stronger; as, Ʋn∣guentum Enulatum cum Mercu∣rio, (in Our Pharmac. Londinens∣lib. 5. cap. 4. sect. 14.) or Our Oleum Cosmeticum, Ʋnguen∣tum Mercuriale, Ʋng. Nicotianae, Ʋng. Cosmeticum, or Ʋng. ad Scabiem.

LIV. Or this, ℞ Flowers of Sulphur ℥ ss. Nitre ʒ ij. juice of Limons ʒ iij. Oil of Roses and Nuts, of each ℥ j. mix them. Or this, ℞ Rooots of Elecampane, Dock, a. ℥ j. boil them in Vin∣egar, and pulp them; to which add, Sulphur vive ʒ j. Salt ʒ ss. juice of Limons ʒ vj. White Ʋn∣guent of Rhasis, Citrine Ʋnguent, a. ℥ ss. Oil of Roses and Oil of Tartar, A. enough to make an Ʋnguent, adding a little Wax.

LV. But by the leave of Sen∣nertus, the Oil of Tartar will be inimical to the juice of Limons; Alcalies ought to be used by themselves, and Acids by them∣selves.

LVI. He proposes this, as an experienced Remedy:Roots of Sharp-pointed-dock and of Ele∣campane, (both green) lbss. Hogs-grease ℥ iij. bruise them well in a Mortar, and boil them a little over a gentle fire; then press them hard out, and make an Ointment.

LVII. If it be the dry Scab, wherein little or nothing is voided, it is cured with much greater difficulty, but after the manner of the former; wherein also you must use stronger Purges, as Sena, Confectio Hamech, Extract of black Hellebor, &c.

LVIII. Lastly, after all the

Page 400

former things have been at∣tempted, in order to the per∣fecting of the Cure, but without any success, and despair seems to attend the Patient, the Physician ought not to give over his en∣deavours with those ordinary Me∣thods; but in the last place to pursue the last Remedy, which is Salivation; which being care∣fully and well performed, will scarcel fail of accomplishing the desired end: if this does not, the Patient ought to rest contented, and may then rea∣sonably be accounted uncurable.

CHAP. XXVIII. Of the CHIN-SCAB.

I. IT is called in Greek, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. in La∣tin, Mentagra, Lichene agria, vel fera; in English, the Chin-Ringworm, or Chin-Scab.

II. The Place. It is a Disaffect of the Chin, sometimes as it were overspreading the whole Counte∣nance, the Eyes alone being free; and thence descending into the Neck, Breast, and Hands, with a filthy kind of roughness and branniness upon the Skin.

III. It was of old a most in∣veterate Disease; and so conta∣gious, as to be caught by kissing.

IV. And Pliny, lib. 26. cap. 1. says, it is a Disease altogether void of Pain, and having in it no danger at all of Death: yet (says he) it is so foul and filthy, and it so defiles the Face, that any kind of Death is to be pre∣ferred before the enduring this loathsom Disease: and it is cal∣led Mentagra, because of the place of its rise, as being prin∣cipally from the Chin.

V. The Skin is made hard, dry, and rough, and as it were full of Scales; with a kind of redness, which somtimes a little ulcerates: there is present an itching, and the Disease extends it self every day, till it becomes of a great bredth.

VI. The Disease was of old contagious, as Pliny seems to speak in the place before cited; and Galen held it to be contagious and epidemical; when in his Book de Comp. Med. lib. 5. cap. 7. he saith, that one Pamphilus by the curing of the Lichenes at Rome, got much wealth, at the same time when the Mentagra raged and prevailed in the City.

VII. The Kinds. Celsus, lib. 5. cap. 28. makes it the second kind of Papulae, i. e. Lichen, Impe∣tigo, or Ringworm: in the Impe∣tigo or Ringworm, he saith, the Skin is lift up with small Pu∣stules, becomes red, and is lightly corroded; having the middle part of it a little smoother, and creeping along

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very slowly; beginning in a round mannar, and in the same form it proceeds, and creeps along, keeping its round fa∣shion.

VIII. But in this other (says he) which the Greeks call Agria, or Fera, the Skin likewise breaks out; but is far more exaspe∣rated and exulcerated, and is more vehemently corroded, be∣coming thereupon red; and sometimes also (says he) it sends forth Hairs.

IX. The Cause. It arises from a thin, serous, or wheyish Humor; generated from a salt, sharp, and corrupt kind of Diet.

X. Some say it may be caused from the Heat of the ambient Air, which thrusts the matter forth into the superficies of the Body, exasperates the same, and super∣ficially exulcerates it: also, in the Winter time by Cold; which shutting up the Pores close, keeps that salt and sharp Humor in, which afterwards breaks out in this manner.

XI. And besides all the other Causes, this Disease may have its rise, and be contracted from Contagion, or Infection; as is the Itch, and some other Diseases.

XII. It is not dangerous; if newly begun, it is easily cured: if it grows old and inveterate, it may degenerate into Lepra.

XIII. The Cure. As to the Cure, what we said as to the Evacuation of the Humors, in Chap. 27. aforegoing, is to be observed here.

XIV. As for Topicks, anoint the Part twelve, or sixteen, or twenty times a day with Spittle: for that, if the Disease be recent and mild, will do the Cure; if this will not do.

XV. You must use the Method of curing Impetigo or the Ringworm, in the following Chapter; or that for the cure of a Scabies in the preceding Chapter; where you will find many things of good use in this case: or the Unguent commended by Vale∣scus and Guido.

XVI. ℞ Juniper-berries well beaten ℥ j. Hogs-grease ℥ vj. boil them, strain, and put in Turpentine ℥ j. being cooled, add Sulphur vive ℥ j. mix them well in a Mortar, for an Ʋnguent.

XVII. Or this: ℞ Sulphur vive, Nitre, A. ℥ ss. pouder of black Hellebor ʒ ij. Vinegar ʒiij. Oil of Coloquintida, q.s. mix them, and anoint therewith.

XVIII. Or this: ℞ Pouder of white Hellebor, and of black Hel∣lebor A. ℥ ss. Sulphur vive in fine pouder ʒ iij. white Precipitate ʒ ij. fine Verdegrise ʒ ss. mix, and with Oil-olive and Sheeps-suet, of each equal parts, q.s. make an Ointment.

XIX. Or this: ℞ Pouder of white Hellebor ℥ j. Tar ℥ j. Oil of Colocynthis, q.s. mix, and make a soft Ointment.

XX. If it is exulcerated, and spreads much, this is commended; ℞ Sulphur vive, pouder of white Hellebor-root, A. ℥ j. Scammony in fine pouder, Aloes, burnt Brass, Nitre, A. ʒ ij. Verdigrise, Lith∣arge, A.ʒ j. all being in fine pouder, mix them with Oil of Colocyn∣this, and Balsam of Gum Elemi,

Page 402

of each equal parts, q.s. and therewith anoint Morning and Evening.

XXI. But before the Ointment is applyed, it would be good to wash the part affected either with Spiritus Universalis, or with the Juice of Limons; for by the use of these things, much of the Excrementitious Matter will be first taken away, whereby the other things being applyed, will take the better effect.

CHAP. XXIX. Of a RINGWORM.

I. IT is called in Greek 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, in Latin Impetigo, and in English, The Ring-worm.

II. The description. It is a hard red Pustle upon the Skin, spreading it self round, with dry∣ness, roughness, and great itch∣ing: it comes from a thing, sharp and cholerick Humor. See chap. 28. sect. 7. aforegoing.

III. The Procathartick or re∣mote cause, is evil Diet, sharp and salt Meats, and eating and drinking things of corrupt Juice, which breed salt and acid Hu∣mours; as also Surfeiting, from whence this Disease oftentimes takes its Original.

IV. The antecedent cause is a serous, wheyish, thin, and sharp Lympha, mixt with salt or acid Flegm, and sometimes with yel∣low Choler; and if there is a mixture of Melancholy there∣with, it many times degenerates, either into Elephantiasis, Le∣prosy, or Cancer.

V. The Prognosticks. It is not dangerous, and (if new) easily cur'd: but if it happen in a me∣lancholick Constitution, it is more hard, and turns into a Lepro∣sy. In one I saw it ulcerate, and afterwards became Cancerous, wherein was much danger, for the Patient lost his Life.

VI. The Cure. The Patient is to observe such a Diet, as may not generate salt, sharp, acrid and vitious Humors, but promote an exceeding sweetness of the Blood and Lympha; and the evil Humors which are already present, must be carried off by Universal Purgations.

VII. The Stomach, if foul and disordered, or not able to make a good digestion, is first to be clean∣sed with Oxymel Scilliticum, or Tartar Emetick, and then you are to corroborate it with Our Tinctura Stomachica, Tinctura Cordialis, Tinct. Sacra, or Tinct. Antimonii, Theriaca Chymica, &c.

VIII. After this, you may purge the Bowels with an infusion of Sena and Rhubarb, made in Wa∣ter or Wine, or with our Tin∣ctura Purgans, or Cathartica, ac∣cording as you see the habit

Page 403

of the Body requires.

IX. But if the Disease is stub∣born, you must purge with strong∣er Medicines, as our Pilulae Ca∣tharticae, Pulvis Cornachini, or Pulvis Rheumaticus, which need rarely be above twice given; after the use of which, you may corroborate the Bowels with Tinctura Antimonij, or Tinctura Salis Tartari.

X. Then cool the Blood and Lympha, by giving now and then Our Syrupus Antifebriticus mixed with Aqua Elementaria, which may be for some days repeat∣ed.

XI. This done, we must come to the use of Topicks: If the Disease is recent and gentle, it is often cured by rubbing, or besmearing them with Spittle 10 or 12 times in a day, or oftner; but especially, that it be done with Fasting Spittle.

XII. If this will not do, you must anoint with Oil of Tartar per deliquium, mixed with Oil of Wax, ana; or wash with the water distilled by a Retort out of Oleum Tartari per deliquium ℥iv. Quick silver ℥i. which Wa∣ter cures all Itch, Tettars, and Ringworms, though very con∣tumacious.

XIII. This following is a most excellent thing: ℞ Oil of Ben ℥viij. Oil of Tartar per deliquium ℥i. Flowers of Sul∣phur ℥ij. White Praecipitate ʒvj. Artificial Cinnabar in subtil Pou∣der ℥ss. mix and make an Oint∣ment. But before the Applica∣tion of this Ointment, the place ought to be well foment∣ed with warm Water, or a Lixivium of Pot Ashes, or ra∣ther with Spiritus Ʋniversalis Clauderi.

XIV. Other Topicks (besides what we have already advised) are the Liquor coming out of Green Wood while it is burn∣ing: Or, Juice of Parietary, or of Sorrel roots mixt with Vine∣gar, adding to them Flowers of Sulphur, and a little Verdigrise, so much as may give it a tin∣cture of Greenness: Or, Bal∣sam of Tartar mixt with Oil of Eggs and Ʋnguentum Album Camphorat.

XV. Or this. ℞ Oil of Wax ℥j. Oil of Eggs ℥ss. Oil of Tar∣tar per deliquium ʒij. mix them. Or this: ℞ Ʋng. Nicotianae ℥j. Oil of Eggs ℥ss. Sulphur vive ʒiij. Camphir. ʒj. mix them.

XVI. But if it be stubborn, you must bathe with this Water.Damask Rose Water ℥viij. Pow∣ers of Mercury ℥j. mix them to wash with; or you may use instead of the former, Aqua Mer∣curialis, the weaker or strong∣er (as you see the Disease re∣quires it;) or the Aqua Divina Fernelii.

XVII. If you use Ointments, the Ʋnguentum Enulatum cum Mercurio, to anoint with, more especially if you mix with it flos Sulphuris, or Sulphur Vive is excellent; so also our Oleum Diacolocynthidos, Ʋnguentum Ni∣cotianae, Ʋng. Cosmeticum, & ad Scabiem.

XVIII. And, not much in∣ferior is Joel, his experiment of the rust of Iron; Or, a weak Solution of white Vitriol in Rose Water; as also Aqua Ophthalmica

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Nostra, in Our Pharmacopoea Lond. 5. cap. 1. sect. 14.

XIX. Or this. ℞ Aquae Ele∣mentariae ℥ viij. white Vitriol, Roch Alum, A. ʒiss. mix and dissolve, with which daily wash the part affected as hot as can be well endured, for the space of near half an hour.

XX. Lastly, strew upon the part, if Ʋlcerated, our Pulvis Herculeus, or the Pulvis Mercu∣rii Coagulatus, which will in a short time consummate the cure.

CHAP. XXX. Of the TETTAR.

I. IT is called in Greek 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. in Latin, Leo∣nina, & morbus Leoninus: in English The Tettar.

II. It is so called from the rug∣gedness of the Lions Forehead, and is known by sight.

III. The Causes: It proceeds from a salt, sharp and pituitous matter misplaced, or thrust forth by some particular Accident, to the surface of the Skin; and sometimes from Choler, or Choler mixt with salt Flegm, whereby the Blood and Lympha are defiled.

IV. The Prognosticks. It quickly comes to the height; if it once become inveterate, it is of difficult Cure, especially, if in the extream parts, as the hands, or leggs, or feet: the Alopecia, Ophiasis and Leonina, are com∣monly found all joined together in Elephantiack persons.

V. The Cure. Ʋniversals must be first exhibited, that the antecedent Cause may be removed, according to the method delivered in the cure of the Impetigo or Ringworm, in Chap. 29. Sect. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. aforegoing.

VI. This done, you may come to the application of Topicks, rubbing the place affected often with Spittle, as 10, 15, or 20 times a day, but more especi∣ally with fasting Spittle, which is a thing of great force, being suffered every time to dry on.

VII. So also a Lixivium of Quicklime; Or juice of Plantane mixed with Beef Brine; Or, a Solution of Sublimate in water: Or, Aqua ad Verrucas, & ad de∣lenda Variolarum vestigia, Aqua Ophthalmica, & Ophthalmica nostra.

VIII. To these may be added, Bulls-Gall, Lac Virginis, Liquor Mercurij vivi Mynsichti, and his sugared Liquor (in Our Pharm. Lond. Lib. 4. Cap. 11. Sect. 19, 20, 21, 24.) which are all very ex∣cellent things, provided that a good Diet, and doe Evacuation has been made before-hand.

IX. I once cured a Tettar upon a Maidens hand, with this fol∣lowing

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Ointment: ℞ Oil of Colocynthis ℥ ij. Sheeps-suet ℥ j ss. mix, and add thereto Turpethum minerale ℥ ij. with this she anointed morning and evening for a month, and was made perfectly well.

X. Another person, after due Purging, I cured with this Mix∣ture: ℞ Oil of Ben ℥ iij. Oil of Tartar per deliquium ℥ ss. white Precipitate ʒ vij. mix them, and anoint therewith morning and evening.

XI. Another I cured with this:Oil of Colocynthis ℥ iij. Tar ℥ ij. Sheeps-suet ℥ j. white Pre∣cipitate ℥ j ss. mix them: but before I anointed therewith, I caused the place affected to be fomented for half an hour, with warm Water and a Spunge.

XII. A recent Tettar I cured, by often bathing with the Spiri∣tus Universalis: in about 12 days the Patient was perfectly well.

XIII. I have also cured many with this following Water.Fair Water lbij. Roch-alum, white Vitriol, A. ℥ j. mix, and dis∣solve, then filter: with this let the diseased Party wash morning and evening, as hot as they can endure it, for a full half hour at a time.

XIV. If it be in their Hands, let them keep their hands in the hot Liquor, often rubbing them together: if any other Part, that cannot be kept in the Water, let it be washt and fomented with a large Spunge, as hot as it can be endured; and let the liquor be kept hot all the while over a chafing-dish of charcoal.

XV. With this very Liquor I have cured a Tettar of ten or twelve years standing, and some of near twenty years standing; nor have I ever yet found it to fail.

CHAP. XXXI. Of WORMS in the FEET.

I. THEY are called in Greek, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, i. e. very small Worms; in Latin, Sirones, & Chirones; in English, Worms in the Feet; and by some, Barbadoes-Worms, or Chego's.

II. They are Pustules in the soles of the Feet, and palms of the Hands, full of little Animals or Worms, exceeding small, and hid under the Scarf-skin.

III. Signs. They are known by a kind of Itch, which is felt in the Pustule at first; but after∣wards causes a kind of smarting pain: and if they be in the Feet, they will cause the party to go lame.

IV. They are usual in hot Coun∣tries, near the Tropicks, and under the Line, as in Barbadoes, Caribee-Islands, and possibly in

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Aegypt, and other hot places in Africa; and I am very apt to believe, are the very same kind of kind of Worms which the Barbadians call Chego's; which that you may the better understand, we will here give you the description of them from the Ingenious Ligon; as you may find it in his History of Barbadoes, pag. 65.

V. These harmful Animals (says he) we call Chego's, and these are so little, that you would hardly think them able to do any harm at all, and yet they will do more mischief than Ants; and if they were as numerous as they are harmful, there would be no enduring them: they are of shape not much unlike a Louse, but no bigger than a Mite which breeds in Cheese, and its colour blewish.

VI. An Indian laid one of them upon a sheet of white Paper, and with my Spectacles on (says he) I could hardly discern it; yet this very little Enemy, can and will do much mischief to Mankind.

VII. The Cause. They arise from much Cholerick Sweat, re∣strained within the Skin; and this Affect comes in these places chiefly: because that the more thick and gross ichorous or ulcerous Excrements are in eve∣ry Scabbiness, detained and held under the Skin; which in the aforesaid places are more thick than elsewhere.

VIII. This is the cause, ac∣cording to the Opinion of such Authors as have wrote thereof: but Ligon gives us another Cause, which is external, and is from the Worm it self, in these words: This Vermin will (says he) get thro' your Stockin or Hose, and (lodge it self) in a Pore of the Skin, in some part of your Feet, commonly under the nail of one of your Toes, and there make a habitation to lay its (eggs, or) off-spring; making a Pustule as big as a small Tare, or the Bag of a Bee; which will cause you to go very lame, and give you much smarting pain.

IX. It is of a blewish colour, as aforesaid, and is seen thro' the Skin; but the Negro's, whose Skins are of that colour, (or near it, or black) are in an ill case, for they cannot find where they are: by which means they are many of them very lame.

X. The Cure. These Worms lying hid in the Pustules, the places affected are discerned by the exceeding Itch, which is felt more than at other times.

XI. In order to the Cure, these Worms are to be picked out with a Needle, or other fit Instrument: then, (that they may not breed anew) the places are to be washed with Wine or Vinegar, in which Salt, Alum, or Nitre has been dissolved.

XII. Or, in a Decoction of Oak-leaves with Alum: or, in a Lixivium of Broom and Oak∣ashes: or, in Tincture of Sul∣phur, made by boiling in Oil of Tartar; and then after to anoint with Ʋnguentum Mercu∣riale, or Cosmeticum.

XIII. The Indian Women (says Ligon) have the best skill to take them out; which they d by putting in a Pin or sharp∣pointed Needle, at the hole where

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they first came in, and winding the point about the Bag, to loosen it from the Flesh, and so to take it out.

XIV. Some of these Chego's (says he) are poisonous, and after they are taken out, the orifice in which they lay, will fester and rankle for a fortnight after they are gone: I have had ten taken out of my Feet in a morning, by an Indian Woman.

XV. In Barbadoes these Worms breed in the dust of the Earth, in great numbers; and so easily get into the Skin, in such as go barefoot, or are careless of themselves; where making their nests, they many times breed in vast numbers, to the very great detriment of the Pa∣tient.

XVI. And in their taking out, there ought to be great care taken, that the Cistis be not broken: for should they in the taking of it forth break it, so as that any of the Worms should be left behind, it would not only be troublesom to extirpate and clear the Part of them; but they would increase to such prodigious quantities, as to ha∣zard sometimes the losing of a Toe, or cause some other great mischief, not easy to be retrieved.

XVII. In Davies Translation of the History of the Caribee Islands, lib. 1. cap. 24. it is said, that these Worms breed in the dust and sweepings, cast out into the dung∣hill and such unclean places; and that getting into the Feet and Toes, if they are not taken away in time, they will get farther, and so go into all other parts of the Body.

XVIII. At first they only cause a litte itching, as aforesaid, but having once got thro' the Skin, they cause an Inflammation in the place affected; and mightily increase by the abundance of their nits or eggs which they lay: by which means, Ulcers are bred in the places they seize on.

XIX. The best time to attempt the Cure, is as soon as the least itching is felt, picking them out with a Needle: but if there are Ulcers bred, either thro' un∣skilfully taking them out, by breaking the bag, or thro' not taking them forth in time, tho' they seem to be little or no∣thing at first, yet afterwards they grow to be as big as the palm of a mans hand, because the Ulcer will have its course: and some of these Ulcers, tho' little, are very hard to be cured.

XX. Of these Ʋlcers there are two sorts, the one round, the other uneven; of which the former is the harder to cure, because it is encompassed with dead flesh: for till that dead and loose flesh is taken away, the Ulcer can never be healed: for which cause as oft as it is dressed, the dead flesh must be cut away till it is quite removed, which is very painful to be done.

XXI. For the curing of these Ʋlcers, they ought first to be washt with the Spiritus Univer∣salis, then burnt Alum, or Our Pulvis ad Hypersarcosin must be applied; that therewith the

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dead flesh may be taken away: and they must be often washt with Lime-juice, the juice of Limons, or juice of the les∣ser Citron, tho' indeed these things are extreamly sharp: they certainly kill all the little Worms contained in the Ul∣cers, of which there are store, making them clean, and to look well.

XXII. Then you may anoint with Unguentum ad Scabiem, Ung. Nicotianae, Cosmeticum, or Mercuriale: or with this; ℞ Honey ℥ ij. Aloes ℥ ss. dis∣solved in a little Vinegar, puri∣fied Verdigrise ʒ j. mix them: which being used for some time, at length perfect the Cure with Balsamum Gummi Elemi, or some other thing of like nature.

CHAP. XXXII. Of WARTS.

I. THIS Tubercle is called in Greek, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, Pl. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 vel 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, Pl. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. in Latin, Thymus, Thymi; Verruca, Verrueae: and in English, a Wart, or Warts.

II. A Wart is a little tubercle on the Skin, resembling the flower of Tyme; proceeding from a thick, phlegmatick, and me∣lancholy Juice. Some have slen∣der Roots, and some broad.

III. The Prognosticks. It often vanishes alone; if cut off, and the root be remaining, it grows again. If the Roots be small and slender, they are easily removed; but if broad, with much more difficulty.

IV. The Kinds. They are of three kinds: 1. Myrmecia, seu Verruca sessilis, vel Formica; a small, callous, round and thick tubercle, having a broad foun∣dation; and when handled, yielding a sense like to the biting of an Ant or Pismire.

V. 2. Thymon, which has a narrower root than the former, but a much broader head; which when it is spread, or in flower, or seed as they call it, something resembles the flower of Time: being higher, harder, with a seedy top, and more apt to bleed.

VI. 3. Acrochordon, Verruca pensilis vel botoralis; which is a kind of Wart having a thin or slender root, with a callous bunch, like unto the knot of a Rope, hanging by a small string, round, and without pain.

VII. The Cause. They are all caused of gross matter, or a thick juice, pituitous and melancholick: being the recrements of the Blood and Lympha, which Na∣ture not being able to digest, sends out in this slow manner for her relief.

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VIII. The Cure. Purge the Body with Pil. Rudii, mixed with Mercurius dulcis: or with Pil. Catharticae, or an Iufusion of Sena and Rhubarb, in Water or Whey, especially in Whey of Goats-milk.

IX. Then touch the Warts three or four times with either Oil of Vitriol or Sulphur, or Butter of Antimony: or wash them with Water which comes out of the ends of Oak-sticks when burn∣ing: or wash them with Spurge∣milk, or apply to them an Onion beaten with Salt.

X. Fallopius commends the juice of the leaves of the Willow or Sallow tree; or, if the juice cannot be had, their Pouder, mixt with Vinegar of Squills.

XI. So also Figwort; or the roots of Water-dragon; or Aron and Sowbread; or the fresh roots of Celandine with the yellow juice thereof, to anoint with and apply: applying after a Cataplasm of Watercresses and Mustard.

XII. Or, rub them with Night∣shade and Ʋrine, washing them afterwards with juice of Mullein: or a Decoction of Mustard, Salt, and Sulphur with Vinegar.

XIII. The rubbing of them often also with a dead mans Hand, is said to be of great force. The leaves of Savin macerated twenty four hours in Wine, and applied, are good: so is a Cataplasm of Herb-robert, Rue and Yarrow, beaten together and applied.

XIV. And Cichorium Verru∣carium or Wartwort, is of singular use and benefit; as also the milky juice of Dandelion, and of all other Endive and Succory-like Plants: or the Water sweating out of Vine-branches while burning: or the standing-water on the stumps of felled Oaks: or the meal of Chick-pease.

XV. But above all is commended juice of Purslane: or rather a Cataplasm of Purslane, applied night and day upon the part for some time; it softens them, repercusses the Humor which feeds them, and causes them to wither insensibly away: nor inferior to this, are the leaves of the greater Housleek, applied whole, (their outward skin on that side which lyes next the Wart being taken off) and their use continued for some consi∣siderable time.

XVI. For Compound-medicines, the Emplast. de Ranis cum Mer∣curio, is very good: or this, commended by Sennertus:Ship-pitch ℥ j. Galbanum dis∣solved in Vinegar ℥ ss. Sal Armon. ʒ j. Diachylum magnum ℥ j ss. mix, and make an Emplaster.

XVII. If this will not do, you must apply your self to Causticks, such as those at Sect. 9. afore∣going: which yet notwithstand∣ing are not to be used without a great deal of caution, espe∣cially in nervous places, and only by touching the Wart with them; the part about being first well guarded with Wax, or some kind of Em∣plaster.

XVIII. For this purpose, the milk of the Fig-tree or Spurge, or Tithymale alone, are very effi∣cacious, and so found by Ex∣perience.

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XIX. You may also use unslak∣ed Lime mixed with Soap, which will be yet more effectual, if a little calcined Vitriol or Verdi∣grise or a cautery of Soap Ashes be added.

XX. Or, ℞ The white of an Egg hardned, Verdigrise, Alum A. ʒ j. mix them: Or, make a Cataplasm of green Garlick, and apply it.

XXI. Or, ℞ Orpiment, mix it with Oxymel, or juice of Spurge, and put it upon the Wart, with a defensative. Andreas à Cruce much commends the Oil of Vi∣triol, nor is that of Sulphur be∣hind it.

XXII. But if you like not these Potential Cauteries, you must ap∣ply your selves to the Actual, or else to cutting. You may Actu∣ally burn them, either by a lit∣tle stick of the Beech Tree, lighted at one end; Or, by an Iron Bodkin heated red hot, and applyed through a silver or brass Pipe, that the adjacent parts may not be hurt.

XXIII. Or, apply a thin Plate of Iron, having a hole bored through it, so far as the Wart only may appear through the hole, and then burn it either with a red hot Iron, or the flame of a Candle.

XXIV. Lastly, The burning be∣ing ended, the Scar is then to be taken away; and the affect to be healed after the manner of other Ulcers.

XXV. Some have been cured by washing them with this water.Lime Water ℥vj. Roman Vi∣triol ʒj. Verdigrise ʒij. Roch A∣lum ʒiij. Nitre ʒiiij. mix and dissolve. This Water is only to be often dropt upon them.

XXVI. Others have been cured by anointing the Warts four or five times a day with the Milk of the Fig-Tree; and others by dropping upon them daily one drop at a time of Oil of Cloves, which will penetrate e∣ven to their Roots.

CHAP. XXXIII. Of CORNS.

I. THis Tubercle is called in Greek, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, Pl. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 Pl. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. in Latin, Clavus, Clavi: and in English, A Corn, Corns.

II. It is a round callous Wart, of a whitish Colour, infesting the Feet and Toes, thereby causing pain in going; they come from Bruises, or straightness of Shoes.

III. The Cause. It is from a melancholy or pituitous Matter, or the superfluities of an excremen∣titious Juice, separated from that which nourishes the Skin. And many times they are caused by bruising the Toes with straight Shoes.

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IV. The Prognosticks. They never go away without cutting or pulling up by the Roots; There is no danger in the cutting tho' it bleed, provided you expose it not to the cold Air. I knew two, which by cutting their Corns, met their deaths: for, not taking care of them they gangren'd, by which they lost not only their feet but their lives too.

V. If the Corn Bleeds in cut∣ting, it many times dies and goes away; but then as Avicen saith, you must take care of it, lest an Inflamation or a Cancer hap∣pens thereupon, which some∣times befalls the Patient.

VI. The Cure. What we have spoken in the former Chapter may be understood here; besides which you may anoint the corns with Oil of Mercury, or the blood of an Eel often.

VII. Or, cut them, and wash them with Dogs-urine, applying a plaister of soft Red-wax, mixed with white Praecipitate, or Mer∣curius Dulcis, or a Plaster made of Galbanum, Ammoniacum, and Turpentine dissolved in Vine∣gar.

VIII. Or this commended by Rulandus, ℞ Oil of Sulphur per Camp. ℥ ss. corrosive Salt of Crystal-stone ʒ ij. seeds of Henbane, Opium, A. ʒj. grind and mix them; this plucks them up by the Roots.

IX. Or you may apply in parti∣cular, the Emplaster afore-de∣scribed in Chap. 32. Sect. 16. aforegoing; which is commend∣ed in particular by Sennertus. Or this, ℞ Emplastri Meliloti ℥ ss. red Praecipitate ʒij. mix them, and apply it, changing it every third day.

X. If none of these things will do, but you must be forced to come to cutting; You must first soak the Feet or part where the Corn is, in warm water; then cut it so as you may see it, af∣ter with the point of a sharp Pen Knife, dig it round the edges, so as you may tye a twine thread gently about it; this done, you may hold up the Corn by the Thread, till you so dig round about it, as absolutely to cut it out.

XI. This done, fill the place, or apply over it Empl. de Ranis cum Mercurio, or Forest. his ce∣rat of Ammoniacum. Or rather, Our Emplastrum Mercuriale, which is inferior to no other thing of that kind.

XII. But the best way of curing Corns is to cut them close, first soaking the Feet a pretty while in warm Water, and then to ap∣ply Ivy leaves bruised, renew∣ing the same every Morning and Evening for 20 or 30 days, in which time the Corns will be drawn out; by which it ap∣pears, that there is a very great attractive Virtue in that Plant.

XIII. Or, after well soaking in warm Water, and cutting close, you may morning and evening apply and bind to the Corns, leaves of the greater Housleek; taking off the outward Skin of that side of the leaf which you apply next the Corn; this wonderfully softens the Corns, resolves the Humor and discusses it, per∣forming the Cure in a months

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time, after most other things had been used in vain, for more than twenty years toge∣ther.

Of a CALLƲS.

XIV. It is called in Greek 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉: in Latin, Callus: in English, Hardness of the Skin.

XV. It is bred in the surface of the Skin, in the Palms of the Hands and Soles of the Feet, as also the sides of the Feet and bottom of the great Toe; and sometimes upon the Knees, by much and often kneeling.

XVI. The Cause. It arises in the Hands by continual and hard Labour, and in the Feet by much Walking.

XVII. The Prognosticks. As it has no Root, and is void of all manner of Pain, so it is without danger, yet not very easily cured.

XVIII. The Cure. The Pa∣tient is to forbear all those things which are the cause thereof, o∣therwise all attempts for the Cure will be in vain.

XIX. Then he must often bathe and soak the Parts affected in a mild Lixivium of Pot Ashes blood warm, which is to be con∣tinued and repeated, so long till the Skin is very thin and soft.

XX. After bathing in the Lixi∣vium, the parts are to be wiped very dry, and then anointed with Oil of Ben; and if you so please, you may lay over them Emplast∣rum Album, which will bring the Skin not only to a whiteness but softness also.

Of HORNS.

XXI. They are called in Greek, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, Pl. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉: in Latin Cornu, Cornua: and in English, A Horn, Horns.

XXII. They are thicker, har∣der and higher than Corns, and in some they grow to a very great length.

XXIII. They grow in many parts of the Body, as upon the Head, Forehead, Back, Joints, and other parts.

XXIV. Avicen Lib. 4. Tract. 3. Cap. 14. saith, They are thick, and crooked, arising above upon the Junctures, in the Extremi∣ties, and that they are cured by cutting off that which is in∣sensible, &c.

XXV. Avenzoar, Lib. 2. Cap. 5. gives a relation of a Man, who had one of these Excrescencies bred in his Back, not much unlike to a Unicorns-horn, but less hard than a natural bone: This man by purging and drying Medi∣cines was cured, and the bone fell forth, as Harts shed their Horns.

XXVI. And that he himself also had once a Bone growing upon his back, which gave him much Grief and Pain; but by purging himself from gross Humors, and applying Resolutives thereto, it was for the most part resolved, and the little of it which re∣mained was no prejudice to him.

XXVII. Lanfrancus, Tract. 3. Doct. 2. Cap. 3. says, That he had seen manifest Eminencies of the Skull, like unto Horns; and that

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a man came to him for Advice, who had seven of those Eminen∣cies, of which one was as long as a mans Thumb, and as big as the horn of a little Goat.

XXVIII. Philippus Ingrassias, de Tumorib. Tract. 1. Cap. 1. says, He saw a Noble Virgin afflicted with many of these Excrescen∣cies, sharpned in their Tops, like unto Horns, and of an ex∣traordinary hardness: these had continued many years with her, augmenting both in bigness and number, so that she became so deformed and mishapen, that (saith he) she was become more like an ugly Monster or fright∣ful Devil, than a Woman kind; he cured her, and restored her to her pristin Beauty.

XXIX. Alexander Benedictus Anat. Lib. 1. Cap. 14. saith, That on a Knee wounded by an Ar∣row, he saw a black Horn grow, which was the Matter that ought to have been converted into a Bone, &c.

XXX. Zacutus Lusitanus Prax. Med. Admir. Lib. 2. Obs. 188. tells us of a Man, who had one of these Horns grew out of his Heel, as long as the Palm of a mans hand, and of the very likeness of a Horn, which by the advice of Physicians (his Body being often purged) was afterwards cut off, and he lived after it two years in good Health; but not long after he felt in the same place vehement pain, and in six months time the Horn grew a∣gain, somewhat longer than it was before, hard and full of se∣veral sharp Points, which being again cut off by the root, there remained a wide and deep hole, from whence a great quantity of a black and putrid Humor came forth, so acid and sharp, that it eat the Flesh round about.

XXXI. Julius Caesar Scaliger, Exercit. 199. Sect. 5. saith, That notwithstanding the Authority of Prince Aboalis and Abumeron, a person of note, he could not believe so strange a thing, till he himself had seen one of them on the back of a certain Rower.

XXXII. And Fallopius in his Book of similar Parts, Cap. 7. saith, That sometimes likewise in whole Bones as well as in Fractures, there may be some∣thing bred like unto a Horn, which may grow forth without the Flesh and Skin, and that he himself saw this at Padua, in the Thigh of a certain No∣ble Man.

XXXIII. The Cause. They proceed generally from thick and glutinous Humors, and a melan∣cholly Juice, which Nature pro∣trudes into some particular part, according to her conveniency.

XXXIV. The Prognosticks. They are of difficult cure, and re∣main thro' the whole course of life, unless cut off by Instrument.

XXXV. The Cure. If they be near the Joints, and cause much Pain, or hinder their Motion, they ought to be cut off; which may be done the more safely, in regard that they are like naked Bones, and are only covered with Skin.

XXXVI. Let the Body first be purged with Ʋniversals, and in particular with Lapis Lazuli, which let be several times re∣peated;

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which done, The Skin is then first to be opened, the Cornu is to be made naked or bare, and then it is to be cut away from the Bone with a sharp Knife (but if too hard for a Knife, with a fine sharp Saw) and the part is to be cured, as any other common Wound.

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