Ars chirurgica a compendium of the theory and practice of chirurgery in seven books ... shewing the names, causes, signs, differences, prognosticks, and various intentions of curing all kinds of chirurgick diseases ... : to which is added Pharmacopoeia chirurgica, or, The medical store, Latin and English ... / by William Salmon ...

CHAP. LXVIII. De SPECIEBƲS.

I. Pulvis Antimonii.

℞ ANtimonii optimi pulve∣rizati libras duas, Li∣xivii Saponis for tissimi quantum sufficit, vel ad quatuor digito∣rum eminentiam; benè agite∣tur Spatulà ligneà: spatio stet horarum viginti quatuor; dein affunde guttatim Olei Vitrioli uncias duas, digere per septi∣manam integram; postea affun∣de Aquae quantitatem magnam, ut edulcoretur; denique sicce∣tur, & reservetur ad usum.

Hic operari solet interdùm per Vomitum, aliquando per Seces∣sum; Humores crassos viscidosque in Ventriculo, vicinisque locis, ejicit sursum ac deorsum: pene∣trat, digerit, aperit, incidit, dissolvit, abstergit, purgat, Pu∣tredini Venenisque resistit; Cru∣ditatibus Ventriculi, Appetitu pro∣strato; Obstructionibus Alvi, He∣patis, Lienis, Ʋteri, & Renum; Colicis doloribus maximè conve∣venit; Pesti, & Febribus mali∣gnis & pestilentialibus resistit; utile quoque est in Febribus pu∣tridis, Hydropi, Scorbuto, Scro∣phulae, Ictero, Arthritidi, Rheu∣matismo, &c. longè minùs per Vomitum, magìs verò per Alvum operatur. Dosis, à granis tribus ad quinque, plus-minus.

II. Pulvis Antifebriticus.

℞ Salis Prunellae subtilissimè

pulverisati libram unam, Anti∣monii crudi laevigati libram semis; misce.

Ʋsus insigne est in Febribus ardentibus, putridis, malignis, & pestilentialibus, in Hydrope, Ictero, & Obstructionibus Renum & Vesicae: operatur per Ʋrinam, Impuritatesque quascunque educit. Vim habet Putredini resistendi, Sitim ac Aeftum compescendi, Tartaream saburram incidendi, Sanguinem coagulatum resolvendi, Doloresque mitigandi; in Pleuresi Angina, Peripneumonia, in Ob∣structionibus Epatis & Mesaraei, Calculoque Renum & Vesiea ex∣hibetur. Dosis, à semidrachma ad drachmam unam, in Vehiculo maximè Saccharo albo edulcorato.

III. Pulvis Bezoarticus.

℞ Bezoartici Mineralis un∣cias octo, Oculorum Canero∣rum, Terrae sigillatae albae, ana uncias quatuor, Cinnabaris na∣tivae, Cochinellae, ana uncias duas; Camphorae unciam unam: misce, fiatque Pulvis.

Cardialgiam, & Dolorem Ven∣triculi curat: exhibetur commodè in Febribus ardentibus, putridis, & malignis; Sudorificus est; & Epilepsiae, Pesti, & Venenis adversatur: convenit etiam in Variolis, Morbillis, Ictero, Mor∣bisque omnibus per Sudorem cura∣bilibus. Dosis, à granis sex ad scruplam unam.

IV. Pulvis Cachecticus.

℞ Chalybis, cum Aqua vel Sulphure in pulverem redacti uncias sex, Sem. Anisi, Ari radi∣cis faeculae, ana unciam unam, Nu∣cis Moschatae uncias duas, Sac∣chari albissimi uncias decem: misce, fiatque Pulvis.

Insigniter attenuat, incidit, aperit; Anticachecticus est, & de∣obstruens egregius; Menstrua promo∣vet, Ictero succurrit, Vermes necat; Chlorosi, Scorbuto, & Melancho∣liae Hypochondriacae medetur: Spe∣cificum est in Cachexia Mulierum, Hydrope, & in omnibus Obstru∣ctionibus Ventriculi, Hepatis, Lienis, & Mesenterii, & Affectis inde oriundis. Dosis, à granis duodecim ad granas viginti-qua∣tuor, mane quotidianê ac vesperi.

V. Pulvis Cartharticus.

℞ Vitri Antimonii levigati unciam unam, Spiritus Nitri unciam semis; misce, ac digere per horas viginti quatuor; cui affundatur Spiritus Vitrioli un∣cia una, digere ad siccitatem: affundatur iterùm Spiritus Vi∣trioli uncia una, digereque ad siccitatem: repetatur hoc opus quinquies vel sexies; atque Aqua calidà edulcoretur, repo∣naturque ad usum.

Stomacho praesenti est auxilio, non retentos Cibos ob Vomitionum impetus sistit; Ictero, Scorbuto, Scrophulae, Cachexiae, Melancho∣liae Hypochondriacae, Arthritidi, Rheumatismo, Epilepsiae, Lethar∣go, Hemicraniae, Cardialgiae, & Ventriculi dolori prodest; Lienis gravitatem removet, Faciei co∣loris reddit, Obstructiones omnes tollit, Ʋrinam, Arenulas, & Humores Tartareos pellit; Ʋ∣teri Affectibus, Colico dolori ab Humoribus crudis, & à Fla∣tibus orto, Hydropi, & Fe∣bribus putridis & malignis me∣detur. Dosis, à grana semis ad sesquigranam, & in robustioribus ad

granas duas: operatur praecipuè per Secessum, rariùs per Vomi∣tum.

VI. Pulvis Cornachini.

℞ Scammonii resinosi pulve∣risati uncias duas, Autimonii Diaphoretici, Crystallorum Tar∣tari, ana unciam unam; misce, fiatque Pulvis.

Humores crassos, simulque se∣rosos, potenter ab extremis par∣tibus, praesertim ab Articulis, educit; ac ad multos Affectus, & Morbos frigidos, non modo Capitis, Nervorum, & Junctura∣rum, sed etiam Ventriculi, Hepa∣tis, Lienis, Mesenterii, Renum & Ʋteri, utilis est: ex his enim partibus Pituitam, Serum, Bilem, & Succum Melancholicum de∣trahat & purgat; propterea Fe∣bribus putridis, malignis, comple∣xis, & inveteratis, & Morbis complicatis conducit. Scorbuto, Ictero, Arthritidi, Rheumatismo, Strumae, Cachexiae, Hydropi, Vi∣scerum Obstructionibus, atque Ʋteri Morbis medetur: Vermes necat & expellit, Febri quartanae confert, Stomachum corroborat, & totius Corporis Humores ex∣crementitios, blandè, sineque dolore purgat. Dosis, à scrupla una ad semidrachmam; diluculò, cum custodia.

VII. Pulvis ad Diabeten.

℞ Catechu, Seminum Hyo∣sciami, aua partes aequales; fiat Pulvis.

Diabeti non solum, sed etiam omnibus Haemorrhagiis & Flu∣aeibus, ut Lienteriae, Dysenteriae,

Diarrhaeae, atque Fluxui Hepatico, & Mensium Prosluvio medetur. Dosis, à drachma semis ad scru∣plas duas, manè ac vesperi. Hujus itaque usus est in omnibus Distil∣lationibus è Capite in Asperam Arteriam; Tussi quinetiam a tenui Distillatione, seu Catarrho exci∣tatae auxiliatur; defluentes enim illos Humores inspissat.

VIII. Pulvis Emeticus.

℞ Antimonii optimi pulve∣risati quantum vis, cui affunda∣tur Aqua Regia: stent aliquam∣diu in digestione, donec Calx in fundo alba appareat; postea abstrahatur Aqua Regia per distillationem, vel decantatio∣nem; vel etiam affundendo Aquam praecipita, Calcemque elue Aquà tepidà, donec Aqua Regia non ampliùs sentiantur: Pulverem siccatum in Crucibulo clauso reverbera per sex horas, fietque rubeus.

Emeticus est, & Quartanum curat; Podagricas defluxiones, & Paroxysmos efficaciter compescit; Vulnera, Fistulas, & Ʋlcera inveterata à Putridine conservat, & sanat: conducit adversus omnes Obstructiones licet invete∣ratas, Hepatis, Lienis, Mesenterii, & aliarum Viscerum; Sanguinem mundisicat; Obstructionibus Men∣sium, Cachexiae Virginum, Hy∣dropi, Melancholiae Hypochondria∣cae, Luae Venereae, Febribusque malignis prodest: felicissimè autem purgat aequè deorsum quam sur∣sum; idque non tàm naturâ suâ, quàm Humoris Biliosi, circa Ven∣triculum stabulantis; quinimo in ••onnullis per Diaphoresin operatur.

Dosis, à granis duabus ad quin∣que.

IX. Pulvis Herculeus.

℞ Argenti vivi optimi, Flo∣res Sulphuris, ana unciam unam; misce, fiatque per triturationem Pulvis nigerrimus.

Non movet Ptyalifmum, sed per Sudorem operatur. Vermes necat; exhibeturque in Lue Vene∣rea, Scabie inveterata, Ʋlceribus malignis, Gonorrhoeâ virulentâ, Hydrope, &c. In Ʋlceribus ma∣lignis, tam Venereis quam aliis, miscetur cum Ʋnguentis adaptis, & exterius applicatur. Dosis, à scrupla semis ad seruplas duas: in Vermibus Puerorum expellendis, datur à granis octo ad viginti, cum granis Scammonii duas vel tribus.

X. Pulvis Rheumaticus.

℞ Arcani Corallini triturati uncias quatuor, Cinnabaris arti∣ficialis uncias viginti, Scam∣monii optimi pulvcrisati uncias octo: misce, fiatque Pulvis.

Diversimodè operari consuevit; in quibusdam Vomitum producere solet, aliis, Alvum purgat; ma∣xima cum utilitate assumi potest in Rheumatismi curatione: Ʋlce∣ribus inveteratis, Scabieis, Ar∣thritidi, Scorbuto, Doloribus Nocturnis, Lui Venereae, Gonor∣rhoeae, Scrophulae, aliisque Mor∣bis hujus generis canvenit. Dosis, à scrupla una ad semidrachmam, vel scruplas duas, in robustio∣ribus.

XI. Pulvis ad Vermes.

℞ Corallini laevigati, Mercu∣rii dulcis laevigati, ana dra∣chmas sex; Scammonii resinosi, Mechoacae, Seminum Cynae & Anisi, Entis Veneris, Croci

Martis aperitivi, ana drachmas quatuor: misce, fiatque Pulvis.

In expellendis Vermibus & Lumbricis, tùm Puerorum, tùm Adultorum, efficax est. Dosis, à scrupla una ad scruplas duas, vel dcachmam unam; manè vel vesperi, in Vehiculo convenienti.

CHAP. LXVIII. Of POUDERS.

1. Pouder of Antimony.

℞ OF the best Antimony in pouder lbij. strong Ley of Soap-ashes, a sufficient quen∣tity, or so much as may over-top it four inches; stir it well with a wooden Spatula; let it stand for the space of twenty-four hours; then affuse thereon by drops Oil of Vitriol ℥ ij. digest for a whole week; afterwards affuse thereon a great quantity of fair Water, that it may be sweetned; then dry it, and keep it for use.

This is wont to work some∣times by Vomit, sometimes by Stool; it expels thick and viscous Humors in the Sto∣mach and parts adjacent to it, both upwards and downwards: it penetrates, digests, opens, incides, dissolves, absterges, purges, resists Putrifaction and Poyson, and is wonderful good against Crudities of the Sto∣mach, weakness of Appetite, Ob∣structions of the Bowels, Liver, Spleen, Womb, and Reins, Co∣lick pains: it prevails against the Plague, and malign and pe∣stilential Fevers: it is also profitable in putrid Fevers, the Dropsy, Scurvy, Kings-evil, Jaun∣dies, Gout, Rheumatism, &c. it works much less by Vomit than by Stool, and is given à gr. iij, ad v. more or less.

2. The Fever-Pouder.

℞ Sal Prunellae finely poudred

lbj. crude Antimony levigated lbss. mix them.

It is a singular thing in burn∣ing Fevers, putrid, malign, and pestilential; in the Dropsy, Jaundies, and Obstructions of the Reins and Bladder; it works by Urine, and brings forth all sorts of Impurities; it resists Putrifaction, quenches Thirst, and allays burning Heat; cuts Tartarous silth, resolves the Coagulation of the Blood, and mitigates pains: it is given also in the Pleurisy, Quinsey, Inflam∣mation of the Lungs, Obstru∣ctions of the Liver and Mesen∣tery, and in the Stone, both in Reins and Bladder. Dose, à ʒ ss, ad ʒ j. in a Vehicle very well sweetned with white Sugar.

3. The Bezoartick Pouder.

℞ Bezoar Mineral ℥ viij. Crabs-eyes, Terra sigillata, ana ℥ iv. native Cinnabar, Cochinel, ana ℥ ij. mix, and make a Pouder.

It is good against Sickness at Heart, and Pain at Stomach; and is properly exhibited in Fevers, burning, putrid, and malign; it is sudorifick, and good against the Falling sickness, Plague and Poyson; and prevails against the Small-pox, Measles; Jaun∣dies, and all sorts of Diseases curable by Sweating. Dose, à gr. vj, ad ℈ j.

4. The Virgins Pouder, or Green-sickness-Pouder.

℞ Steel or Iron, reduced into a pouder either with Water or Sulphur ℥ vj. Aniseed, Facula of Aron-roots, a. ℥ j. Nutmegs ℥ ij, treble-refined Sugar ℥ x. mix, and make a Pouder.

It admirably attenuates, in∣cides, opens, and is Anticachectick, and a wonderful opener of Ob∣structions; it provokes the Terms, helps the Jaundies, kills Worms, and cures the Green-sickness, Scurvy, and Hypochondriack Melancholy. It is a specifick in the Cachexia, or evil habit of Womens Bodies; in the Dropsy, and in all Obstructions of the Stomach, Liver, Spleen, Me∣sentery, and Diseases thence arising. Dose, à gr. xij, ad xxiv. every day morning and evening.

5. The Purging Pouder.

℞ Glass of Antimony levigated ℥ j. Spirit of Nitre ℥ ss. mix, and digest for twenty four hours; then add to it Spirit of Vitriol ℥ j. digest to driness: add again Spirit of Vitriol ℥ j. and digest to dri∣ness: this work repeat five or six times, then edulcorate with warm Water, and keep it for use.

It is a present help for the Stomach; it keeps the Food in the Stomach, which otherwise would not be retained, because of a violent Vomiting; it is good against the Jaundies, Scur∣vy, Kings-evil, Cachexy, Hypo∣chondriack Melancholy, Gout, Rheumatism, Falling-sickness, Lethargy, Megrim, Sickness and Pain at Stomach; it removes the pain and heaviness of the Spleen, makes the Face of a good colour, removes all Obstru∣ctions, and drives forth Urine, Sand, and Tartarous Humors; it helps Diseases of the Womb, the Colick, arising from crude Hu∣mors and Wind, the Dropsy, and putrid and malign Fevers. Dose, à gr. ss, ad gr. j ss. and to gr. ij.

in strong Bodies: it works mostly by Stool, more rarely by Vomit.

6. Cornachinus his Pouder.

℞ Resinous Scammony in pou∣der ℥ ij. Antimony Diaphoretick, Crystals of Tartar, a. ℥ j. mix, and make a Pouder.

It brings forth powerfully both thick and serous Humors from the extream parts, but chiefly from the Joynts; and it is profitable to many Affects, and cold Diseases, not only of the Head, Nerves, and Joynts; but also of the Stomach, Liver, Spleen, Mesentery, Reins, and Womb; and from all those parts it draws and purges forth Phlegm, Serum, Choler, and Melancholy; it is also good in Fevers, putrid, malign, com∣plex, and inveterate, and in complicate Diseases. It helps the Scurvy, Jaundies, Gout, Rheu∣matism, Kings-evil, Cachexy, Dropsy, Obstructions of the Bowels, and Diseases of the Womb: it kills Worms, and expels them, prevails against a quartan Ague, comforts the Stomach, and purges the whole Body of excrementitious Hu∣mors, and that gently, and without pain. Dose, à ℈ j, ad ʒ ss. early in the morning, the Patient being careful not to take cold.

7. A Pouder for the Diabetes.

℞ Japan-Earth, Henbane∣seeds, of each equal parts; make them into a fine pouder, and mix them.

It cures not only the Dia∣betes, but also all Bleedings and Fluxes, as a Loosness of the

Belly, Bloody-flux, Flux of Chy∣lous matter, as also the Hepatick-flux, and Overflowing of the Terms. Dose, à ʒss, ad ℈ ij. mor∣ning and evening. This Pouder is also of use in all Distillations from the Head upon the Lungs; it likewise helps a Cough caused by a distillation of thin Humors, or a Catarrh; by reason of its thickning that flowing Humor.

8. A Vomiting-Pouder.

℞ Of the best Antimony in pou∣der q.v. to which affuse Aqua Re∣gia: let them stand for some time in digestion, till a Calx shall appear white in the bottom; afterwards abstract the Aqua Regia by distil∣lation, or else decant it; or other∣wise praecipitate, by the affusion of Water: wash the Calx with warm Water, till the Aqua Regia can be no more perceived, either by taste or smell: dry the Pouder, and reverbe∣rate it in a Crucible for six hours, and make a red Pouder.

It is Emetick, and cures Quar∣tan-agues; it powerfully allevi∣ates Gouty defluxions, and the Paroxysms thereof; it heals Wounds, Fistula's, and inveterate Ulcers: it is good against all Ob∣structions, tho' inveterate, of Li∣ver, Spleen, Mesentery, and other Bowels; it purifies the Blood, provokes the Terms, and prevails against the Green-sickness in Vir∣gins, the Dropsy, Hypochondriack Melancholy, French Disease, and malign Fevers: it purges with much pleasantness, both upwards and downwards; and that not so much by its own nature and vir∣tue, as from the latency and sta∣gnation of the Cholerick Humor about the Stomach; but in some

it works by Sweating. Dose, à gr. ij, ad v.

9. The Herculean Pouder.

℞ The best Quick-silver, Flow∣ers of Sulphur, a. ℥ j. mix them, and by grinding them in a Mortar, make a very black Pouder.

It causes not Salivation or Spitting, but provokes Sweat. It kills Worms; and is given against the French-Pox, inve∣terate Scabbiness, malign Ulcers, virulent Gonorrhoea, Dropsy, &c. In malign Ulcers, whether Ve∣nereal or others, it is mixed with proper Ointments, and outward∣ly applied. Dose, à ℈ ss, ad ℈ ij. it is given to kill and ex∣pel Worms in Children, à gr. viij, ad xx. with gr. ij, or iij. of Scammony.

10. A Pouder against a Rheumatism.

℞ Arcanum Corallinum ground fine ℥ iv. artificial Cinnabar ℥xx. resinous Scammony in pouder ℥viij. mix, and make a Pouder.

It uses to work variously; in some it is wont to cause Vo∣miting, in others it purges down∣wards by Stool; it is given with wonderful profit in the cure of a Rheumatism: it admirably helps inveterate Ulcers, Scabbi∣ness, the Gout, Scurvy, Noctur∣nal Pains, French-Pox, Gonor∣rhoea, Kings-evil, and other Dis∣eases of this kind. Dose, à ℈ j, ad ʒ ss, or ℈ ij. in strong Bodies.

11. A Pouder for Worms.

℞ Coralline levigated, Mercu∣rius dulcis levigated, a. ʒ vj. resinous Scammony, Mech••acan, Wormseed, Aniseed, Ens Veneris,

opening Crocus of Mars, a. ʒ iv, mix, and make a Pouder.

It is effectual in expelling of Worms of all kinds, both in old and young. Dose, à ℈ j, ad ℈ ij, or ʒ j. morning or evening, in some fit Vehicle.