Nine books of physick and chirurgery written by that great and learned physitian, Dr Sennertus. The first five being his Institutions of the whole body of physick: the other four of fevers and agues: with their differences, signs, and cures.

CHAP. III. Of the first faculties of Medicines.

AS for what belongs to the first forme, * 1.1 and first for alte∣ring Medicines, some of them being compared with mans body are called temperate, which cause or bring forth no mutation in man either in coldnesie, drynesse, heat, or moisture; and these are either such simply and in all the quallities, or els in two of them only; * 1.2 but the intemperate are such as have power to change the heate or moysture of our bodies.

Moreover these qualities are divided by Physitians into certaine degrees, * 1.3 which are left to bee esteemed by their ef∣fects; the first degree is when a Medicine alters our bodies obscurely and scarce senfibly; the second is, when it mani∣festly changeth our bodies, yet without hurting, inconveni∣ency or trouble: the third degree is, when it doth not onely manifestly alter the body, but vehemently, and not without trouble, and paine, yet without corruption: the fourth degree is that which altereth the body not without paine, and that most grieviously.

To either of these degrees there are appointed certaine Latitudes, which are commonly called mansions, * 1.4 as they al∣ter more intensely or remisly, or betwixt both, which they call in the beginning, middle, and end.

The temperate are, Venus haire, Sparagus, * 1.5 Licorish Sweet Oyle, Pine-nuts, Jujubes, Figgs, Sebestens, Raysins, Dates, Gum Elemie, and Tragacanth, Calves and Goates Suet, and Hoggs Grease.

The hot in the first degree are, Marsh-mallowes, Burrage, * 1.6 Buglosse, Beets, Cabbage, Camommil, Bindweed, Agrimony, and Fumitory, Flex, Melilot, A lease that swims in Ditches without any Root, Spikenard, Wall-wort, and Coltsfoot, the flowers of Borrage, Buglosse, Bettony, Oxe-eie, or Wild Ca∣momil, Melilot Camomil, black Poplar, Arabian Staechodos, an herbe with grey downe like an old mans haire called Sene∣cio in Latin: Fruits; sweet Almonds, Chestnuts, Jujubes, Ciprus∣nuts, green Walnuts, Grapes, ripe Mulberies, sweet Apples, Fra∣grant Seeds, Coriander, Fenegreeke, Flax, Grumwell, Lu∣pines,

Sesanix rice, Rootes, Marsh-mallowes, Bares Breech, Beets, Buglosse, Licorish, Satirion, Barkes, Guaicum, Tama∣risk, Liquors, Juices, and Gummes, Sugar, Bdellium, Lada∣num, Al. 2. i. e. Others in the second degree, Gumme of ivy, the tallow of Goates, Does, Harts, fresh Butter.

Hot in the second degree, * 1.7 Worme-wood, Pimpernell, greene Dill, Angelica, Parsly, Mugwort, Bettony, Calamus Aromaticus, ground Pine, Faenugreek, St. Johns-woort, Ivy, Hopps, Bawme, Horehound, Motherwort, Sweete-ferne, Ba∣fill, common-Burnet, Maiden-weed, Poley, Rosemary, Sum∣mer or Winter Savory, Sage, Scabious, Scordium, Staecha∣dos, Feaverfew, Flowers of Night-shade, Saffron, Gilli∣flowers, or Carnations, Schaenanth, Lavender, Lupines, Bawme, Ros-mary; Fruits, as Capers, Nutmeggs, Pistack∣nutts, dried Figs, dryed Nuts; Seeds, as Dill, Parsley, Bitter∣vetch, Water Rocket, Pulse, or Vetches, Nettle seed. Roots, as Parsley, Caper-roots, Mayden-weed, common Burnet, Turneps, Zedoarie, Rosewort; Barkes, as the Barkes or Wood of Cassia, Cynamon: others in the third degree.

Frankinsence, Roots of Capers, Liquors, Gums and Ro∣sins, Wine that is new, Ladanum, Aloes, and Galbanum, Myrrh, Mastick, Frankinsence, dryed pitch, Rosin, storax; Fats, as Lions fat; Libards, Beares, Foxes.

Hot in the third degree are Mettalls, * 1.8 Flos aeris, which is that which comes from the Brasse in melting, burnt Brasse, Squama aeris or the Scaling of Brasse, Verdegrease, Dreggs of Brasse, Allum, Salt, Nitre, Brimstone, Red-vitriall; Herbes or leaves, as Sowthernewood, Asarabecca, or the chast Plant, Wake Robin, the Herbe called Hierusalem, or Ladies Rose, the herbe Ammios, dried Dill, Bayes, Dittany, Carnations, Germander, blew flower, Bastard Saffron, Century the grea∣ter and lesse, Celandine, (or Pile-wort) Calamint, Fleabane, Horsemints, Fennel, Epithymum, so called, because it growes upon Time, Juniper, Elecampane, Hyssop, Laurell, Marje∣rom, Marum an herbe cald Marjerom, Mints, Fennel flower, flowers of the wild Vine, wild Marjerom, wild Woodbine, Parsley, Sneeze-wort, Penny-royall, Oxe-stay, Rue, Savine, Wild Time, wild Mints. Al. 2. Time, trifoile, Vervaine, Net∣tles, Fl owers of Agnus-castus, Epithymum, Violets, of the wild Vine, of the wild Woodbine. Fruits, Iuniper-berries, Cloves, the fruit of Balsimum, Anacardium, that is a fruit of an Indian Tree, like a Birds heart, and the juice like blood, Pepper, Al. 4. Seeds of Ammi, and Anniseed of Hie∣rusalem,

or Ladies Rose, Carawayes, of Garden Cresses, bast∣ard Saffron, according to Galen, Fern. 2. of Fennell, Cum∣men; Carrots, Fennell Flower, Turneps, Parfly, Hartwort, Stavesager, of a Vine. Roots; of sweet Garden Flag, others in the second degree, Asarabecca, wakerobbin, Sea Onion, or Squills, Dittany, Leopards bane, Fennell, English Galin∣gale, both kinds of Hellebore, Elecampane, Orrice, Parsly, Raddish, Barkes bf Mace, Liquors, Teares and Gums; old Wine, and sweet Asa, stinking Asa, Ammoniack, Cedar, Pitch, Opoponax, Muske.

Hot in the fourth degree, * 1.9 are such as belong to mettalls as vitriol, Arsenick, Sandaraca, which is a Gemme, Chry∣socolla is a kind of a minerall found like fand in veines of Braffe, Silver, or Gold, which Goldsmiths use to solder Gold, and Silver with; Mysysory, is that which the Apothecaries call vitriol, Melantheria, Inke, wherewith Chyrurgions consume putrifyed flesh, Herbs, or Leaves; Pepper-wort, Garden, and water Cresses, some would have them to be hot in the third degree, great headed Leekes, the fullers herbe Thapsia, a Milke Thistle; Fruits, as Pepper &c. Seeds as of both kinds of Cresses, Mustard-seed; Rootes, as Gar∣lick, Onions, Costus, Leekes that have great heads, bastard Pelitory, or sneezing wort, Euphobium.

Things cold in the first degree, Herbs, or Leaves, * 1.10 as O∣rack, sowre Sorrell, Mallowes, Mirtles, Pelitory of the wall, Flowres, of Mallowes, Roses, Violets; Fruits, as the sub∣stance of Citrons, Quinces, Pares, Plumbs; Seeds, as Barly, Millet; Rootes, of Mallowes, Concreate Juices, Acacia, o∣thers in the second, Draggons blood; Stones as a Hyacinth, a Saphir, an Emerald.

Things cold in the second degree, Leaves, and Herbs, * 1.11 a kind of beete which some call Spinack, Spanish Succory, Lettice, Ducks-meate, Endive or Succory, Violet leaves, Sorrell, Plantine, Knot-grass, Fleawort, Night-shade; Flow∣ers, of wild Poppies, Cichory, water Lillies; Fruits, as Gourds, Cucumbers, Oake Apples, Oranges, Pomgranates, Damaske Pruins, Pippens, Peaches; Seeds, of Sorrell, Cicho∣ry, Winter Cherries, Wood of Santalls.

Things cold in the third degree, Herbs, or Leaves, * 1.12 Pur∣slan, Mandrake, life everlasting, Henbane, others think it hot in the fourth degree; Flowers, as of Pomgranets. Fruits; as Oringes, Mad-Apples of Mandrake; Seeds, as of Hemlock, Henbane, Poppy, Rootes of Mandrake, juice of the juice of Holly Rose.

Things cold in the fourth degree; * 1.13 Herbs or Leaves, Hem∣lock, Poppey; Fruits, Apples of Pern; Concrete Liquours, as the juice of Poppy or Meconium, also Opium, according to the vulgar opinion, which is not true, for they are hot.

Moist in the first degree; * 1.14 Herbs, Buglosse, Pellitory of the wall, Mallowes; Flowers, of Buglosse, Mallowes, Endive; Fruits, as the substance of Citron, In jubes, sweet Almonds, Seeds, of Mallowes, Sesami, which is a white graine grow∣ing in India; Rootes, of Satyrion, Buglosse, Lycorish, Mal∣lowes, Rape Rootes.

Moist in the second degree; * 1.15 Herbs, as Violet Leaves, Water Lillies, Milk Thistles, a kind of Beet which hath no savour, which some call Spinach, Lettice, Ducks-meate, Pur∣slan; Flowers, of Water-lillies, Violets; Fruits, Gourd, Melons, Pompions, the juice whereof some place in the third degree, Peaches, Damask Pruins, ripe Grapes, Su∣gar.

Dry in the first; * 1.16 Herbs and Leaves, Beetes, Cabbage, Camomill, Fennill, Violets, or Purple coloured Lillies, Malabathrum i. e. a certaine Herb, she swims in Ditches in India without any Roote appearing, Mirtles, Petty Mullein, or Longwort, Flowers of Oxe eye, Camomill, Saffron, Violets, Melelot, Roses; other in the second degree, Fruits; as Iuniper berries, Chesnuts; Seed, as Beanes, Fenegreek, Barly, Roots; of Briony, of the wild-Vine, of madder, Tamarisk, Marshmallowes, Wake-robbin; Gums; Frankinsence, others in the second degree.

Dry in the second degree, * 1.17 Herbs as, Pimpernell, Mugwort, others say in the first degree, Green Dill, Bettony, Bindweed, Calamus Odoratus, Endive, Sea Cabbage, Shepheards∣powch, Horstaile, Chervills, Mints, wild Mints, Plantine, Rosemary, Spikenard, Walwort, Fumetory, Burnet, Sorrell, Vervine, Shephards rod; Flowers, of Piony, Scarlet, Anemone or wind Flowre, ground Pine, Wood-bines, Staechados; Fruits, the Oily acorne, Capers, Quinces, Ciprus-nuts, Nutmegs, Pares, Pistach-nuts; Seeds, Fennell, wild Saffron, Lentills Ervum, Millet, Rice, Poppy, Night-shade; Roots, of Caper, Cichory, Raddish, Wood of a Santall Tree, Teares, Gums and Rossins, as Galbanum, oppopanax, dry Pitch, Myrrh, Storax, Mastick, Hony.

Dry in the third degree, * 1.18 belonging to mettals, as flowre of Brasse, burnt Brasse, the dregs of Brasse, Draggon-wort Salt, Solder of Gold, or Saltpeter, Brimstone, red vitriol; Herbs,

and Leaves, Fearne, Yarrow, Cinqfoile, Poley Mountain, Trifoile, Worme-wood, Southernwood burnt, Dill burnt, Parsely, Asarabecca, Ammi, Calamints, Germander, Ground pine, Epithimum, Hyssop, Juniper, Marjerom, Horehound, Origanum, Maiden beets, Wildstone, Parsly, S••eezing-wort, Rue, Savine, Willow, Water-mints, Time wild Bettony; Flowres, of Pomgranates, Epithimum, Ground pine, Wild∣wood-bine; Fruits, of Cloves, the Fruit of Balsamum, Oake-Apples, Pepper, Juniper-berries; Seeds, as Graines which Dyers use, I think he means Cutcheneale. Dill, Parfley, Ammi, of the herbe Jerusalem, or Ladies Rofe, Anniseed, Carraway, Cumming, Coriander, Gith, bastard-stone Par∣fley, Millet of the Vine; Rootes and Barkes, of sweet Garden Flag, the hollow Roote of Galingale, Squills, com∣mon Cinqfoile, Trifoile, Mountaine Osier, Asarabecca, Smallage, Leopards-bane, Hellebore, Cinnamon; juices, and Gums, Aloes, the juice of Sorrell, Acacia, Camphir, Muske.

Dry in the fourth degree, Metalicks, Coppras, Arsenick, * 1.19 Sandaracha, Borax, or green Earth found in the Mines of Brasse, Silver, or Gold, Misysory, that which the Apotheca∣ries calls Vitroil, Milantheria or a Metallick juice; Herbs and Leaves; Wild-rue, Garlick, Cresses, Mustard-seed

Notes

• * 1.1

  Altering temperate.
• * 1.2

  Intempe∣rate.
• * 1.3

  Degrees of qualities.
• * 1.4

  Mansions of degrees.
• * 1.5

  Temperate Medi∣cines.
• * 1.6

  Hot in the first.
• * 1.7

  Hot in the second.
• * 1.8

  Hot in the third.
• * 1.9

  Hot in the fourth.
• * 1.10

  Cold in the first.
• * 1.11

  Cold in the second.
• * 1.12

  Cold in the third.
• * 1.13

  Cold in the fourth.
• * 1.14

  Moist in the first.
• * 1.15

  In the se∣cond.
• * 1.16

  Dry in the first.
• * 1.17

  In the se∣cond.
• * 1.18

  in the third.
• * 1.19

  In the fourth.