The gard'ners kalendar shewing the most seasonable times for performing his hortulan affairs monthly throughout the year, and a catalogue of such dishes and drinks as a compleat garden can afford in their seasons : published for the climate of Scotland / by John Reid.

NOVEMBER.

COntrive or forecast where, and what you are to sow and plant. Trench and fallow all your vacant grounds. Prepare and mix soils and composts throughly: miss not high-way Earth, cleansings of streets; make compositions of dungs, soils, and lyme.

Lay bair Roots of Trees that need, and dung such as require it. Plant all fruit Trees, Forrest-trees, and shrubs that lose the leaf, also prune such. Plant cabbage. Sow hasties for early peas in warme grounds but trust not to them.

Gather the seeds of holly, yew, ash, &c. Ordering them as in Chap: 3. furnish your nurseries with stocks.

Shelter tender evergreen seedlings. House your Cabbag, Carrots, Turneeps: and any time e're hard frosts your Skirrets, Potatoes, Parsneeps, &c. Cover Asparagus, Artichocks, as in the last moneth. Sow bairs-ears, plant Tulips, &c. Shut the conservato∣ry. Preserve your Choicest Flowers. Sweep and cleanse the walks of leaves, &c. Stop your bees close so that you leave breathing vents.

Garden Dishes and Drinks in Season, are

Cabbage, Coleflower, Onions, Leeks, Shallot, &c. Blanched Sellery, Succory, Pickled Asparagus, Purslain, &c. Fresh Par∣sneeps, Skirrets, Potatoes, Carrots, Turneeps, Beet-rave, Scorzonera, parsly and fennell Roots.

Aples, Pears, &c.

Cyder, Perry, wine of Cherries, Rasps, Currans, Goosber∣ries, Liquorish, Hony, &c.

DECEMB^r.

TRench and prepare grounds. Gather together composts plant Trees in nuseries. and sow their seeds that can Endure it.

Gather Firr seed, holly berries, &c. Take up liquorish. Conti∣nue your care in preserving choice Carnations, Anemonies, and Ranunculuses from Raines and frosts. And keep the green-house close against the piercing colds. Turne and refresh your fruit in a clear and serene day. Sharpen and mend tools. Gather oziers and hassell Rods and make baskets in stormy weather. Cover your water pipes with leitter lest the frosts do crak them, feed weak bees.

Garden Dishes and Drinks in season.

Colworts, Leeks, &c. Housed Cabbage, Onions, shallot. Se∣veral dryed sweet herbes. Housed Parsneeps. Turneeps, Skir∣rets, Carrots, Potatoes, Beat-rave, Scorzonera, parsly, Fennel Roots. Pickled Cucumbers, Barberries, Artichocks, Asparagus, Purslain, &c.

Housed Aples, Pears. Conserved Cherries, Plumes, Peaches, Apricocks, &c.

Wine of Aples, Pears, Cherries, Liquorish, Hony, &c.

JANUARY.

PRepare the ground, soils and manures. Fell trees for mechani∣cal uses. Prune Firrs, plant Hawthorn Hedges, and all Trees and Shrubs that lose the leaf weather open. Also prune the more hardy and old planted. Dung the Roots of Trees that need, drain∣ing excessive moisture, gather Graffs e're they sprout, and near the end Graff; begin with the Stone Fruits. Gather Holly-berries, Firr husks, &c. Secure choice plants as yet from cold and wet, and earth up such as the frosts uncovered.

Feed weak bees, also you may remove them.

Garden Dishes and Drinks in season.

Coleworts, Leeks, &c. Dry sweet Herbes. Housed Cab∣bage, Onions, Shallot▪ Parsneeps, Skirrets, Potatoes Car∣rots, Turneeps, Beat-rave, Scorzonera, Parsly and Fennel Roots in broth.

Pickled Artichocks, Beet-raves, &c. Housed Aples, Pears, and other conserved Fruits.

With Cyder and other Wines as before.

FEBRUARY.

PLant any Trees or Shrubs that lose the leaf, also lay and cir∣cumpose such for increass, see June. Likewayes sow all your Seeds, Kyes, Kirnells, Nuts, Stones; also the seeds of several Greens, as Holly, Yew, Philyrea, Laurells, &c. Prune Firts, &c.

Continue to destroy Vermine.

Graffing is now in season, see the last moneth.

Prune all Trees and Shrubs except tender Greens. Nail and dress them at the wall. Cover the Roots of Trees layed bair the fore-end of Winter, if any be. Plant Hawthorn Hedges, Willows, &c.

Plant Liquorish, Potatoes, Peas, Beans, Cabbage. Sow Parsly, Beets, Spinage, Marygold, and other hardy Pot-herbes.

Let carnations and such sheltered Flowers get Air in mild wea∣ther. But keep close the Green-house.

N••w you may remove bees and feed weak stocks.

Garden Dishes and drinks in season.

Cole, Leiks, sweet Herbes. Onions, Shallot, housed Cab∣bage, Skirrets, Turneeps, Parsneeps, Potatoes, Beat-rave, Scorzonera, Carrots, besides Parsly and Fennell Roots.

Pickled Beat-rave, Artichock. Cucum: Housed Aples, Pears, and other conserved Fruits with Cyder and other Wines and drinks, as above.

MARCH.

REdelve, mix, and Rake your ground for Immediat use. Delve about the Roots of all your Trees. Yet plant Trees and rather greens. Also prun such except the Rosinious. Propagate by laying circumposition, and especially by cuttings. Sow the seeds of most Trees and hardy greens. Cover these Trees whose Roots lay bair, and delve doun the dungs that lay about your young Trees all winter, covering on leitter again topt with Earth to prevent drought in summer: this is a material observation and more especially for such as are late planted. Slit the bark of ill thriving Trees. Fell such as grow croked in the nurserie. Graffing is yet in season, (but too late for stone fruit) cut off the heads of them Inoculated.

Set peas, beans, Cabbage, Asparagus, Liquorish. Sow parsly, beets, Endive, Succory, Bugloss, Burrage, Sellery, Fe••••ell, Marigold. Plant shollot, garleeks, Potatoes, Skirrets. Sow Onions, Lettice, Cresses, Parsneep, Beet-rave, Radish, &c, And on the hotbed coleflour, and if you please cucumber, &c.

Slip and set physick herbes, July-flowers, and other fibrous Rooted flowers. Be carefull of the tender, the peircing colds are now on foot. Turne your fruit in the Room but open not yet the win∣dows.

Catch Moles, Mice, Snails, Worms, destroy frogs spawn, &c.

Half open passages for bees, they begin to fit, keep them clo∣se night and moring: yet you may remove them.

Garden Dishes and Drinks in season.

Both green and housed herbes and Roots: also Pickled, Housed, and conserved fruits: with their wines as in the former months.

APRILE.

PLant Holly Hedges and Hawthorn too if not too foreward. Ply and sheer Hedges. Nail and prun Wall-trees, &c. Sow and plant firrs, and other greens. Slip and set sage, Rosemary, thym, Rue, Savory, and all fibrous Rooted herbes and Flowers. uncover and dress strawberries. Plant Artichocks, slip them and delve their plottes. Set Cabbage, Beans, Peas, Kidnees. sow Asparagus, Parsly, Beets, and Beet-card. Set Garleeks, Shal∣lot, Potatoes, Skirrets, Sorral. sow Onions, Leeks, Lettice, Cresses, Radish, Orach, Scorzonera, Carvy, Fennel, &c. And on the hotbed Cucumbers, Coleflowers, Purslain, sweet Marjorum, Basill, Summer Savory, Tobaco, &c.

Set Strawberries, Violets, July-flowers, &c. Also sow the seeds of july flowers. &c. Sow all your Annuall flowers and Rare plants some requiring the hotbed. Destroy Moles, Mice Worms, Snails. Lay, Beat, and Roll gravel and grass. Fall to your mowing and weeding.

Open the Doors off your bee-hives now they hatch.

Garden Dishes and Drinks in season.

Onions, Leeks, Colworts, Beets, Parsly, and other herbes: Spinage, Sorral. Scorzonera, green Asparagus, Lettice and other Sallads. Pickled Artichocks, Beet-rave, Barberries, Cucumbers.

Housed Aples and Pears, Conserved Cherries, Plumes, Peaches, Apricocks, Goosberries, Currans. Also the wines of Aples, Pears, Cherries, Liquorish, Hony, &c.

MAY.

PUll up suckers and haw about the Trees. Rub off unnecessary buds. Sheer or clip Hedges. Prun tender Greens, (Not the Rofinious) bring furth the housed ones refreshing & trimming them. Plant all sorts of medicinal Herbes. Sow all sweet ones which are tender.

Gather Snails, Wormes, catch Moles.

Sow Letice, Cresses, Purslain, Turneep, Radish, Peas, &c. Continue weeding and watering.

Near the end watch the Bees ready to swarm.

Garden Dishes and drinks in season.

Coleworts and other Herbes, (being eaten with contentement is better than a fatted Ox without it) sage (with Butter,) Leeks, Parsly, Thyme, Marjorum, sorrall, Spinage, &c. Scorzonera, Aspa∣ragus, Letice, Purslain, and other Sallades and Pot-herbes.

Pickled Artichocks, Barberries, Beet-rave, Cucumbers, hou∣sed Aples and Pears for many uses. Early Cherries, Straw-ber∣ries, near the end.

Cyder, Metheglin, Liquorish Ail, &c.

JUNE.

CLeanse about the Roots of Trees, Suckers and weeds, water their Covered Bulks: especially the new planted.

Fell the long small ill-train'd Forrest-trees in the nurserie within half foot of the ground. Unbind graffs. Prun all Wall and Stan∣dard Trees. Towards the end you may Inoculat. And Increase by circumposition.

Gather Elm seed and sow Immediatly.

Transplant Coleflowers, Coleworts, Beets, Leeks, Purslain, &c. In moist weather; at least water first the ground if dry.

Sow Peas, Radish, Turneep, Letice, Chervil, Cresses, &c. Destroy Snails, Worms, &c.

Begin to lay carnations or July-flowers: shade, support and Prun such as will blow. Water pots and thristy plants. Weeding and mowing is in season, and so is distillation.

Bees now Swarm, look diligently to them.

Garden Dishes and Drinks in season.

Cole, Beets, Parsly, Sorrall and other Pot-herbes. Purslain, Letice, and other Sallads. Radish, Scorzonera, Asparagus. Green Peas and Artichocks. Green Goosberries. Ripe cherries, Ralps, Currans, Straw-berries.

Housed Aples and Pears.

Cyder, Metheglin, &c.

JULY.

FAllow ground as soon as the crop comes off. Prune and purge all Standard-trees. Ply, Nail, Prune, and dress your Wal-trees. Pull up suckers and weeds. Haw and Water where need∣ful. Inoculat Fruit-trees, Shrubs, rare Greens, Flower-trees; Increase the same by laying. Clip your Hedges after Rain. Suffer such Herbes and Flowers to run to seed as you would save: Cut∣ting the rest a handful from the ground.

Sow Turneep, Radish, Lettice, Onion, Cole-flower, Cab∣bage, and Coleworts in the full Moon. Near the end sow Beets, Spinage, &c. You may plant Strawberries, Violets, Camomile. Lay July-flowers. Plant their seedlings. Slip and set Hypaticas, Bears-ears, Couslips, Helibors, &c. Take up Bulbo and Tube∣rous ones that are dry in their stalks (if you mind to change their places) and keep till September, but some would be set imme∣diatly.

Supply voids with potted Annualls. Lay Grass and Gravell. Make Cherrie and Rasberrie Wine, &c.

Prevent the Bees latter swarmes, Kill Drons, W••sps, &c.

Garden Dishes and drinks in season.

Beets and many Pot-herbes and Sweet-herbes.

Beet-card, Purslain, Lettice, Endive, &c.

Cabbage, Cole-flower, Scorzonera, Beetrave, Carrot, Ra∣dish, Turneep, Peas, Beens, and Kidnees, Artichocks, Straw∣berries, Rasps, Currans, Goosbeeries, Cherries, Plumes, summer Pears and Aples, Cyder, Metheglin and other Wines.

AUGUST.

FAllow bordures, Beds, Nurseries, and the bulks of Trees. Yet Inoculat. Ply and purge Trees. Pull up suckers and weeds. Clip Hedges. Gather the Black-cherrie and Morella Stones. Gather Mezerion berries. Gather the seeds of most Herbes and Flowers. Cut your Physick-herbes. In the begin∣ning sow Cabbage (thô I confess its too late. See the last moneth) Beets and Beet-card, Spinage, Black-radish, Chervil, Letice, Corn-sallade, Endive, Scorzonera, Carvy, Marygold, Angeli∣ca, Scurvy-grass, &c. Take up ripe Onions, Garleeks and Shallot, Unbind buds Inoculated. Cut and string Strawberries. Lay July-flowers. Sow Columbines, Holyhoks, Larks-heells, Candytuffs, Popies, and such as can endure Winter.

Take up your bulbs and plant as in the last. Sift the ground for Tulips and Gladiolus. Plunge in potted Annualls in Vacants. Keep down weeds by hawing, &c. Lay Grass and Gravel, Beat, Roll, and mow well. Make Goosberrie and Curran Wines, &c.

Towards the end take Bees, take the lightest first; those who are near heaths may differ a little. Destroy Wasps, straiten the passage by putting on the hecks to secure from Robers.

Garden Dishes and drinks in season.

Many Pot-herbes and Sallades, Cabbage, Coleflower, Beet∣card, Turneep, Radish, Carrot, Beet-rave, Scorzonera, Peas, Beans, and Kidnees, Artichocks, Cucumbers, Aples, Pears, Plumes, Apricocks, Geens, Goosberries, Currans, Rasps, Strawberries, &c.

Cyder, Metheglin, Cherrie Wine, Curran Wine, Goosberrie Wine, Raspberrie Wine, &c.

SEPTEMB^r.

FAllow, Trench, and level ground. Prepare pits and bordures for Trees. Gather plan seed, Almond, Peach, and white Plum Stones. Gather ripe Fruits. Plant furth Cabbage. Re∣move bulbs and plant them. Refresh, Trame, and House your tender Greens. Refresh and trim pots and cases with July-flowers and other fine Flowers and plants, Carrying them to pits, shelter, and covert, giving them Air, &c.

Towards the end gather Safron.

Make Cyder, Perry, and other Wines, &c.

Straiten the entrance to Bee-hives, destroy Wasps, &c.

Also you may now remove Bees.

Garden Dishes and drinks in season.

Varieties of Pot-herbes and Sallades, Cabbage, Cole-flower, Peas, Beans, and Kidnees, Artichocks, Beet-card, Beet-rave, Scorzonera, Carrots, Turneeps, Radish, Cucumbers, Aples, Pears, Apricocks, Peaches, Nectarines, Quince, Grapes, Bar∣berries, Filbeards.

Cyder, Liquorish Ail, Metheglin, and Wine of Cherries, Rasps, Goosberries, Currans, &c.

OCTOBER.

GAther Winter Fruits. Trench and fallow grounds (raixing with proper soil) to ly over the Winter. Prepare dungs and mannures, mixing and laying them in heaps bottom'd and covered with Earth. Plant Hawthorn Hedges, And all Trees that lose their leaves; Also lay their branches. Prun Roses. Gather seeds of Hassell, Hawthorn, Plan, Ash, Beach, Oak, Aple, Pear, &c. Cut Strawberries, Artichocks, Asparagus, covering their beds with dung and Ashes. Earth up Winter Sallades, Herbes, and Flowers, a little. Plant Cabbage, &c. Plant Tulips Ane∣monies, and other Bulbs. Sow the seed of Bairs-ears, Cowslips, Tulips, &c. Bear and Roll Gravel and Grass. Finish your last weeding and mowing. Lay bair leopered Tree Roots and remove what harms them: also delve and dung such as require it. Drain excessive moisture wherever it be. Pickle and conserve Fruits. Make Perry and Cyder.

You may now safely remove Bees.

Garden Dishes and drinks in season.

Coleworts, Leeks, Cabbage, Cole-flowers, Onions, Shallot, Beans. Blanched Endive and Sellery. Pickled Asparagus, Pur∣slain, &c.

Scorzonera, Beet-rave, Carrots, Turneeps, Parsneeps, Po∣tatoes, Skirrets, Artichocks, Cucumbers, Aples, Pears, Plumes, Almond, &c.

Cyder, Perry, and Wine of Cherries, Currans, Goosberries, Rasberries, Ail of Liquorish, Metheglin, &c.

FINIS.