The history of the warres of the Emperour Justinian in eight books : of the Persian, II, Vandall, II, Gothicke, IV / written in Greek by Procopivs of Caesarea ; and Englished by Henry Holcroft, Knight.

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Title
The history of the warres of the Emperour Justinian in eight books : of the Persian, II, Vandall, II, Gothicke, IV / written in Greek by Procopivs of Caesarea ; and Englished by Henry Holcroft, Knight.
Author
Procopius.
Publication
London :: Printed for Humphrey Moseley ...,
1653.
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Subject terms
Justinian -- I, -- Emperor of the East, -- 483?-565.
Vandals.
Goths -- Italy.
Byzantine Empire -- History -- Justinian I, 527-565.
Iran -- History -- To 640.
Link to this Item
http://name.umdl.umich.edu/A55986.0001.001
Cite this Item
"The history of the warres of the Emperour Justinian in eight books : of the Persian, II, Vandall, II, Gothicke, IV / written in Greek by Procopivs of Caesarea ; and Englished by Henry Holcroft, Knight." In the digital collection Early English Books Online 2. https://name.umdl.umich.edu/A55986.0001.001. University of Michigan Library Digital Collections. Accessed June 15, 2024.

Pages

CHAP. VII.

BUt what happened concerning the Caspian Gates I will now relate. Mount Taurus of Cilicia passes first by Cappadocia; then Armenia, and Per∣sarmenia, and then Albania and Iberia, and the other nations that way, free, or subject to the Persians, extending thus through many Countryes, and the further it goes, growing to a greater bredth and height. Beyond Iberie, you come to a narrow way, reaching some six miles, and ending at a steep place unpassable; where for the way out, nature hath built a kind of Gate, ancient∣ly called the Caspian gates, or streights. Beyond which are faire champions well watred, and large plaines for horse pastures; where are seated the nations of the Hunnes, and extend to the Lake of Maeotis, who passing by the streights in their inroads into Roman or Persian provinces, come with their horses lustie, going not about, nor nor being engaged in ragged Countries, save onely those six miles into Iberia; whereas by other passages they arrive with much toile, and cannot make use of the same horses, having been forced to many circuits and craggie wayes: which Ala••••nder the great considering, built Gates indeed

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there, and by them a Fort; which through many owners, at last came to Am∣bazuces a Hunne, a friend of the Emperor Anastasius. This man growne old, and neer his end, offered Anastasius for mony to put the Romans in possession of the Caspian Gates, and the Fort. But the Emperour (who used not to doe things unadvisedly) considering that it was not possible to maintaine a garri∣son in that place, wanting all commodities, and having no nation neer it subject to the Romans, he thanckt the man much for his good will, but would not meddle with the thing. Ambazuces soone after died, and Cabades forcing out his sonnes, possessed himselfe of the Gates. Anastasius also, after the truce with Cabades, at a place called Daras, built a very strong City, and named it then Anastasia, being distant from Nisibis about twelve miles, and from the Persian frontier three miles and a halfe at most. This building the Persian de∣siring to hinder, could not, having his hands full with the Hunnes. But having dispatcht that warre, he expostulated with the Romans for this building so neer his confines, and contrary to the Articles of Peace. Anastasius, partly threatning, partly pretending friendship, and with large presents, put it off. Another City also this Emperor built upon the frontier of Persarmema, which had been before a village, and from Theodosius his name was called Theodosia. But Anastasius compassed it with a strong wall, which no lesse then the other troubled the Persians, being both as Rampires upon his Country. Not long after Anastasius deceasing, Justine succeeded in the Empire, the others kind∣red being rejected, though many of them very eminent men.

Cabades was also troubled, fearing innovation upon his house after his de∣cease; For upon his Sonnes he could not transferre the Kingdom, without some question. His eldest, Caoses, the law invited, but him he could not abide; the fathers opinion therein overruling nature, and the ancient Lawes. His second Sonne Zames, having lost an eye, the Law excluded, prohibiting to make a King having but one eye, or any other maime. But Chosroes, borne of the sister of Aspevedes, he chiefly affected. But seeing the Persians admire the va∣lour of Zames, as being a good Souldier, and a favourer of vertue, he feared least taking armes against Chosroes, they might ruine his house, and Kingdom. Hereupon he resolved to make a peace with the Romans, by procuring his Son Chosroes to be adopted by the Emperour Justine; which he conceaved the one∣ly way to preserve the security of his Empire. To this purpose he dispatcht

Ambassadors to Constantinople, with letters to Justine, to this purpose. Your selfe know, that the Romans have done us wrongs, which I am resolved not to urge; knowing that those in reason ought to have the Victory,* 1.1 who having the right on their side, are yet willingly put to the worst, to gratisie their friends. But for this I must demand a favour, which binding our selves, and subjects by kindred, and the consequent thereof, good affection, may for ever settle to us the blessings of peace. It is that you would adopt my Son Chosroes, who is to succeed me in my Kingdom, for your Son.
Justine was glad at the proposition, and so was Justinian, his sisters son, and successor designed, urging the speedy perfection, and drawing up of the adoption after the Roman forme. But Proclus crost it: who was assessor to the Emperor (the Romans call this officer, Quaestor) and a knowne just man, not to be bribed, nor hastily passing Edicts, or altring things setled: He opposing it, spake thus. I use not
to meddle with novelties, which of all things I feare most knowing that they cannot possibly stand with safety. But were I a very daring man, I think I should shrinck and tremble at the storme that is to be expected from this Act. For I cannot conceave any thing now in consulation, but with a faire pretence to betray our State to the Persians; who in plaine words, without disguising, or modeslie, pray us to let them take our Empire from us; covering their grosse deceipt with simplicity, and their impudent proposition with a pretended desire of quietnesse. But you both had need to oppose this designe of the Bar∣barians, to the utmost of your power; you Sir I least you prove the last Roman Emperour; and you the General, least you block up your own way to the Em∣pire. Some tricks coverel with faire pretences, need an interpreter to the common sort. But this Ambassage bluntly, at first dash, will have this Chos∣roes

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heire to the Roman Emperour. Consider it thus, I pray. By nature is due to children their fathers estates: All Lawes, though differing in other things, do yet in this agree, both among Romans, and Barbarians, that children are to inherit their fathers estates. So that yeilding to this their first request, the rest you must consequently grant.
The Emperour and his Nephew approved this speech, consulting what was to be done. In the meane time came other letters from Cabades to Justine, to send to him men of experience, for conclud∣ing of a peace, and to signifie the forme that was to be observed in the adopti∣on. Upon this Proclus more eagerly opposed the Persians proposall, and urged that they should rather adopt to themselves the Roman power and dominion; declaring his opinion, that it was fit they, as speedily as might be, should conclude a peace; and withall that some chief men should be sent; who being demanded by Cabades, in what manner the adoption should be, should answer, as is fit for a Barbarian; For the Barbarians adopt sons, not by writings, but by arming them. Accordingly Ambassadors were sent by Justine, and promise of some greater men to follow, for consummating all touching the peace, and Chosroes. There were therefore shortly after sent Hypatius a patrician, Nephew to the late Emperour Anastasius, and Generall of the East; and Rufinus, sonne of Silvanus, a principall patrician, and one well knowne to Cabades. From the Persians came Seoses, their most powerfull man, who had the chief power over all armies and offices; and with him Mebodes, who was Master of the Pa∣lace in Persia. These meeting upon the frontier, treated concerning an accord∣ing of the differences, and concluding a peace. And Chosroes came down to the Tigris, two dayes journy from Nisibis, that the peace being concluded, he might go to Constantinople. Many discourses past about their differences; and Seoses alledged, that Colchis, now called Lazica, antiently belonged to the Persians, and that the Romans held it from them unjustly. The Romans took it very ill that their title to Lazica should be questioned; But when they said, that the Adoption must be performed in a form fit for a Barbarian, the Persians thought this insufferable. So both broke off, and they severally went home. And Chosroës returned to his father, vowing to revenge this scorn upon the Romans.

Mebodes afterward accused Seoses for mentioning Lazica without their Master direction, purposely to break the Treaty, and for communicating therein first with Hypatius, who bare the King least affection, and crost the conclusion of the Peace, and the Adoption. Seoses being charged by his Ene∣mies with many other things, was called to a judiciall tryall before the Per∣sian Senate, who were all displeased with his new Office, and offended at his behaviour. He was a man free from corruption, and very just; but extremely arrogant. Which, though a vice naturall to the great Officers of Persia, yet in Seoses, themselves thought it to reign in extremity. His accusers charged him with the matters afore mentioned; and for not contenting himself with the ancient customes of the Persians, worshipping new Gods; and that lately he had buryed his Wife; the Persian Laws prohibiting the burying of dead bodies in the earth. So the Judges condemned him to dye. And Cabades seemed to grieve as for a friend, but would not pardon him; professing that he was not offended with him, but he must not infringe the Laws: And yet he owed his life Seoses, who was the chiefest cause of his living and reigning; and being thus condemned, he was put to death. His office as it began so it ended with him, none after him having ever the like Generall power over all offices and armies. Rufinus also accused Hypatius to the Emperour, who upon it discharged him of his Office; but after torturing some about him, he found no truth in the accusation, and so did no other harm to him.

Notes

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