soever the luxated bone flew; then when it is restored, that side must be bound the more loosly and gently whence it departed, and that on the contrary more hard unto which it went: Therefore the ligature must be drawn from the side whereunto the bone went; so that on this side it be more loose and soft, and not straitly pressed with bolsters or rowlers, that so it may be more inclined to the side opposite to the luxation. If the ligation be otherwise performed, it succeeds not well; for the part is relaxed, and moved out of its natural seat: wherefore there will be no small dan∣ger, lest the bone be forced out again, and removed from its place, whereinto it was restored by Art and the hand: Which thing Hippocrates so much feared, that on the contrary he willed that the set bone should be drawn somewhat more unto the part contrary to that whereunto it was driven by force, than the natural and proper site thereof should require. But to return to our former discourse of the three Ligatures: The first under-binder being put on, we then take the second, with which we in like sort begin at the fracture; but having wrapped it once or twice about there, for that, as we formerly said, we must not force back, and press so much blood towards the extre∣mities, as we must do towards the body and bowels: Wherefore this Ligature shall be drawn from above downwards, gently straining it to press forth the blood contained in the wounded part: When by rowling you shall come to the end of the part, then you shall carry back again that which remains thereof, to wit, upwards; But otherwise you may take the third under-binder, wherewith you may begin to rowle, whereas you left with the second, and you may carry it thus, rowling it from below upwards. These under-bindings thus finished, apply your boulsters, after them your over or upper-bindings, which are oft-times two, but sometimes three. The first hath two heads, & is wrapped both from the right hand and the left, for the preservation of the first un∣derbinder and the boulsters, and restoring the muscles to their native figure. The two other which remain, consist of one head, and the one of them must be rowled from below upwards, the other from above downwards, after such a manner, that they may be directly contrary to the under-binders; as if they were rowled from the right hand, then these must be from the left. Now this is the manner of Hippocrates his Ligation, which, for that it is now grown out of use, we must here set down that which is in common use. They do not at this time use any over-binders, but that which we termed the third under-binder, serves our Surgeons instead of the three forementioned over-binders. Wherefore they carry this third under-binder, wrapped from below upwards (as we formerly said) contrary to the first and second under-binder; as if these begun on the right side, this shall be rowled from the left, and shall end whereas the first under-binder ended. And you must not only draw it indifferently hard, but also make the spires and windings more rare. This third rowler is of this use in this manner of Ligation; that is, it restores the muscles to their native figure, from whence they were somewhat altered by the drawing and rowling of the two former Ligatures. But you must alwayes have regard, that you observe that measure in wrapping your Ligatures, which reason, with the sense of the Patient, and ease in suffering, prescribes; ha∣ving regard, that the tumor become not inflamed. Also the habit of the body ought to prescribe a measure in Ligation: for tender bodies cannot away with so hard binding as hard. Verily, in fractures and luxations, the humors by too strait binding are pressed into the extreme parts of the body; whence grievous and oft-times enormous Oedemaes proceed; for healing whereof the Ligature must be loosed, and then the tumified parts pressed by a new rowling, which must be performed from below upwards, and so, by forcing the matter of the tumor thither, it may be helped; for there is no other hope or way to drive the humor back again. He which doth this, forsakes the proper cure of the disease, so to resist the symptom, which the Surgeon shall never refuse to do, as often as any necessary cause shall require it. For this cause Hippocrates bids, that the bandages be loosed every three dayes, and then to foment the part with hot water, that so the humors, which (drawn thither by the vehemency of pain) have setled in the part, may be dissol∣ved and dispersed; and itching and other such like symptomes prevented. The fear of all acci∣dents being past, let the Ligation be sooner or later loosed, and more slacked than it formerly was accustomed; that so the blood and laudable matter, whereof a Callus may ensue, may flow more freely to the affected part.