The workes of that famous chirurgion Ambrose Parey translated out of Latin and compared with the French. by Tho: Johnson. Whereunto are added three tractates our of Adrianus Spigelius of the veines, arteries, & nerves, with large figures. Also a table of the bookes and chapters.

CHAP. XVII. Of the Aspera Arteria, the rough Artery or Weazon.

THe Aspera Arteria, or Weazon, seeing it is the instrument of voice and respiration,* 1.1 is of a gristly, ligamentous, and wholly various substance. For if it had been one rough and continued Body with the Larinx or throttle, it could not be neither dilated nor com∣pressed; opened, nor shut; neither could it order the voice according to our desire.

[illustration]

The Figure of the Aspera Arteria, or Weazon.

• A, The orifice of the great Artery, cut from the heart.
• aa, The coronal arteries of the heart.
• B, C, D, The division of the great ar∣tery into two trunks; the descending C, the asce ndng D.
• E, The left axillary, or subclavian artery.
• F. The right axillary or subcla∣vian artery.
• G, The right Carotis or sleepy ar∣tery.
• H, The left Carotis.
• I, The trunk of the rough artery or weazon.
• K, L, The division of the rough arte∣ry into two branches, of which the right goes into the right, and left into the left side of the lungs; which branches are again subdi∣vided into many other.
• M, The head of the Rough Artery called the Larinx or Throttle.
• N, N, Certain Glandules or Ker∣nels at the root of it.
• OO, The right and left nerves of the sixth and seventh conjugation.
• P, A revolution of small branches of the right nerve to the right Axil∣lary Artery.
• QQ. The right Recurrent Nerve.
• R, A revolution of small branches of the left nerve unto the descend∣ing of the great Artery.
• SS. The left recurrent Nerve.

It is composed of veins from the internal Jugular,* 1.2 of arteries arising from the Caroti∣des, and of nerves, proceeding from the Recurrent Branch of a double membrane, of which the external comes from the Peritonaeum; the internal, which is the stronger and woven with right fi∣bers, from the inner coat of the mouth, the which is common with the inner coat of the oesopha∣gus or gullet. And also, it consists of round gristles, yet not drawn into a perfect circle, compo∣sed

in manner of a channel, and mutually joyned together in order, by the ligaments that proceed from their sides and ends.

* 1.3These same ligaments perfect the remnant of the circle of this Aspera Arteria, on that part next the gullet, which is thought to be done to this end; that that softness of a ligament, might then give place, when we swallow harder and greater gobbets of meat. Of the two sorts of ligaments which are annexed to the gristles of the Weazon, some tie and fasten together the rings or circles, which give means both to it, and these circles, to be drawn in length; othersome bring these gri∣stles into a perfect circle,* 1.4 which also yield them means of dilatation. These ligaments cover the inner superficies, but the gristles are placed without, to resist the incursion of external injuries. But we must note, that by this communion of the inner coats of the Weazon and Gullet, we reap this benefit in the commodiousness of the action, that one of these parts being depressed, the other is lifted up, like a rope running in a wheel or pully. For thus whilest the Gullet is deprest to swallow any thing, the Weazon is lifted up; and on the contrary, when the Stomach rises up in vomitting,* 1.5 the Weazon is deprest. It is only one, and that seated between the Larinx, (from which it takes its beginning), and the Lungs in which it ends; first dividing it self into two large branches,* 1.6 the right and the left: and besides, each of these entring into the substance of the Lungs, is again divided into two others; to each of the Lobes one; and, to conclude, these be subdivided into infinite others, through the substance of the Lobes.

All these branches are gristlely even to the ends. They are situate between the ends of the Arteria venosa, and the Vena arteriosa, that the entrance of the air into the Heart by the Arteria ve∣nosa, might be speedier; as also the passage out of the vapour, by the Vena arteriosa. Thus it hath connexion with these in the ends, or utmost parts thereof, but by the other parts compassing it, with the members from whence it takes them. The temperament thereof is cold and dry. The action is to carry the air to,* 1.7 and vapours from the Lungs; that by dilating, but this by pressing the gristles together.

Notes

• * 1.1

  The Substance.
• * 1.2

  Composure.
• * 1.3

  Why the back part of the Weazon is li∣gamentous.
• * 1.4

  Why the fore-part is gristle∣ly.
• * 1.5

  The number and site.
• * 1.6

  The division of the Weazon through the Lobes of the Lungs.
• * 1.7

  The temper and action.