The workes of that famous chirurgion Ambrose Parey translated out of Latin and compared with the French. by Tho: Johnson. Whereunto are added three tractates our of Adrianus Spigelius of the veines, arteries, & nerves, with large figures. Also a table of the bookes and chapters.

CHAP. XXX. Of the Bladder.

* 1.1THe Bladder is of the same substance, that the Ureters, that is, nervous, that so it may be the more easily dilated.

It is of a large proportion, in some bigger, in some less, according to the difference of age,* 1.2 and habit of body. It is of a round figure, and, as it were, Pyramidal.

* 1.3It is composed of two coats, one proper, which is very thick and strong, composed of the three sort of fibers, that is, in the inner side of the direct; without of the transverse; and in the midst of the oblique. The other common coat coming from the Peritonaeum, hath veins and arteries on each side one, from the Hypogastrick vessels above the Holy-bone; also it hath nerves on each side from the sixth conjugation mixt with the nerves of the Holy-bone. For these nerves descend from the brain even to the end of the Holy-bone.

It is but one, and that situate in men in the lower belly upon the right gut, and below the share-bone; but in women between the Womb and that bone, to which it cleaves with his mem∣branous ligaments, as it doth to the Yard by its neck, and to the right gut by its common coat and proper vessels. It is of a cold and dry temper.

[illustration]

The eleventh figure of the Bladder and Yard.

• AB, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, The two bodies which make the Yard.
• CC, 2, 3, The place where these two bodies do first arise.
• D, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, The Nut of the Yard, called Glans penis.
• EE, 4, 5, The fungous and red substance of the bodies of the Yard.
• F, 4, 5, The mutual connexion of the bodies of the Yard, and the nervous outward substance of the same, compassing round about the former fungous sub∣stance.
• G, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9. The passage of the Urine, or common pipe, run∣ning under the Yard all along his length.
• H, I, 1, 2, The first pair of Muscles of the Yard, which in the first figure do yet grow to it, but in the second they hang from their original.
• K, L, 1, 2, The second pair of Muscles of the Yard, in the first figure, growing; in the second, hanging from their insertion.
• M, 1, 2, The Sphincter of the right Gut.
• N, 3, 7, 8, 9, The round Sphincter-Muscle of the bladder.
• OO, a Membrane which is over the holes of the share-bone.
• P, 2. A round Li∣gament from the meeting of the share-bones on the head of the thigh.
• Q, 3, 7, 8. The body of the bladder.
• RR, 3, 7, The Prostatae, which into seed when it is perfectly laboured, is led.
• SS, 3, 8, Portions of the Ureters.
• TT*3, Portions of the vessels, which lead down the seed.
• VV, 7, 8, The umbilical arteries.
• X, 7, 8, The ligament of the bladder called Urachus.
• Y, 7, 8, The navil or umbilicus.
• Z, 7, 8, The um∣bilical vein.
• aa, 7, The vein and artery of the yard.
• b, 5, The artery distributed through the body of the Yard.

* 1.4The use and action thereof is by the fibers continually to draw the urine, and contain it as long as need requires, and then to expell it by the neck, partly by compression either of it self, or ra∣ther to the muscles of the Epigastrium and midriff; because this motion, seeing it is voluntary, can∣not be performed unless by a muscle which the bladder wants; partly by the dilatation and relax∣ation of the Sphincter-muscle composed of transverse fibers,* 1.5 like the sphincter of the fundament, after the same manner to shut up the orifice of the bladder, that the urine flow not out against our will. But the bladder, as it fils, is dilated; but as it is emptied, it is contracted like a purse. You may easily observe this Muscle in a Sow's bladder: it is stretched from the orifice of the bladder, and beginning of the urinary passage even to the privities, in women; but in men it is termi∣nated

in the Peritonaeum, as soon as it hath left the right Gut. Besides, this muscle is thus far stretched forth, that the urine by its compression should be wholly pressed out of the bladder, which by too long stay would by its acrimony do some harm. This is the common opinion of Ana∣tomists concerning the Sphincter of the bladder, which nevertheless Fallopius allows not of. For (saith he) if this muscle should be situate beneath the glandulous bodies, the Seed in copulation could never be cast forth without some small quantity of urine. Wherefore he thinks, that this muscle is situate above the Prostats, and that it is nothing else but the beginning of the neck of the bladder, which becomes more fleshy whilst it is woven with transverse fibers.

For the neck of the Bladder: it differs nothing in substance, composure, number,* 1.6 and temper from the Bladder, but only in quantity, which is neither so large, nor round in figure, but some∣what long together with the Yard, representing the shape of the letter S. It is placed in men at the end of the right Gut and Peritonaeum, rising upwards even to the roots of the yard, and with it bending it self downwards; in women it is short, broad, and streight, ending at the orifice of the neck of the womb between the nervous bodies of the Nymphae.

In men it hath connexion with the bladder, the ejaculatory vessels, the right gut and yard,* 1.7 but in women only with the neck of the womb and privities. The use of it is in men to cast forth seed and urine; in women only urine. But we must note, that the share-bones must be divided and pulled asunder, in that part where they are joyned, that so you may the more exactly observe the situa∣tion of these parts. Besides, you must note, that by the Peritonaeum, we understand nothing else, in men and women, than that space which is from the fundament to the privities, in which the seam is called Taurus.

Notes

• * 1.1

  The substance.
• * 1.2

  Figure.
• * 1.3

  Composition.
• * 1.4

  Temper, use or action.
• * 1.5

  Their Sphin∣cter of the Bladder.
• * 1.6

  The neck of the Bladder.
• * 1.7

  The connexion and use there∣of.