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Let the breadth of the Apperture of the Doore A A. be di∣vided into six equal parts, one of these parts shall be the Arche∣trave B, which windes about the Doore, and must be divided into four parts, of three thereof is made the height of the Frize O, and of five, that of the Cornice D.
The Measures of each member of the Ornaments may be found in this manner.
The Archetrave B must be divided into ten parts, three must be for the Prima Fascia G, for four the second V; and the three which remaines must be divided into 5: three for the Scima Reversa P, and the other two for the Orlo, or Regula R, whose Projecture is the fourth part of its thicknesse; The Scima Reversa P, hath in Projecture its height, and is marked in this manner: they draw a straight line which terminates at the end thereof, under the Orlo or Regula R, and on the second Fasciae V, and is divided in half, so as each of these halfes is the Base of a Triangle of two equal sides; And on the Angle opposed to the Base must be placed the sixt foot of the Compass, and the Curve lines must be drawn, which make the said Scima Reversa P.
The Frize is three parts of four of the Archetrave, divided into four, and is designed of a portion of a circle lesse then the semi∣circle, the swelling whereof comes directly over the Cimatium of the Archetrave.
The five parts which are given to the Cornice, distribute themselves in this manner to its members: one to the Scotia with its Listella, which is a fifth part of the said Scotia.
The Scotia hath in Projecture two thirds of its height; to design it they form a triangle of two equal sides, and to the angle G they place the Centre, and so the Scotia becomes the Base of the Triangle; another of the said five parts is for the Ouolo, and hath in Projecture the two thirds of its height, and is designed making a triangle of two equal sides, and the Centre is made at the point H; The other three parts are divided again into seventeen, eight for the Coronna with its Lists, of which that a∣bove makes one of the eight parts; and that which is below and makes the hollow of the Coronna, makes one of the six parts of the Ouolo: The other nine are for the Scima Recta, and its Orlo or Regula, which is a third of the said Scima. To frame it so as may be well and graceful, they draw the right line A B, and 'tis divided into two equal parts: at the point C, one of those parts is divided into seven, whereof six are taken at the point D; then they form two Triangles, A E C, and C B F, and on the points E and F, they put the fixt foot of the Com∣pass,
and draw the portions of the Circles A C and C B, which make the said Scima.
The Archetrave likewise, in the second invention, is divided into four parts; of three is made the height of the Frize, of five that of the Cornice, then the Archetrave is divided into three parts, two of them are divided again into seven, of which se∣ven, three are for the first Fascia, and four for the second; And the third part of the Architrave is divided again into nine parts of two is made the Astragal, the other seven are divided into five parts; Three are the Scima Reversa, and two the Orlo or Regula.
The height of the Cornice is divided into five parts and ¾ one of which is divided again into six parts, of five is made the Scima Reversa above the Frize, and of the 6 the Listella; The Scima Reversa hath as much Projecture as it is high, and the same also hath the Listella; The second part of the height of the Cornice is for the Ouolo, which hath in Projecture ¾ of its height The Moulding above the Ouolo, is the sixth part of the Ouolo, and hath the same Projecture; The other three parts of the height of the said Cornice are divided into 17 parts, eight of which are for the Coronna, which hath in Projecture three parts of four of its height, the other nine are divided into four parts, three are for the Cimatium, and one for the Orlo or Listella; The ¾ which remaine are divided into five parts and ½; of one is made the Moulding, and of four and ½ the Scima Reversa above the Coronna; The said Cornice hath as much Projecture as it hath thicknesse.
By the meanes of these two, you may know the members of the second Invention.
Of these two other Inventions, the Archetrave of the first which is marked F, is likewise divided into four parts, of three and ¼ is made the height of the Frize, and of five that of the Cornice; The Archetrave is divided into eight parts, five are for the plaine of the Archetrave, and three for the Cimatium, which is divided again into eight parts; Three for the Scima Reversa, three for the Scotia, and two for the Ouolo or Regula; The height of the Cornice is divided into six parts, of two is made the Scima Recta, with its Orlo or Regula, and of another the Scima Reversa; the said Scima Recta is divided again into nine parts, of eight thereof are made the Coronna and the moulding; The Astragal, or Rondeau above the Frize, is a third of one of the said six parts, and that which remaines between the Coronna and the Astragal, is left for the Scotia.
In the other Invention the Archetrave marked H; is divided into four parts, and of three and ½ is made the height of the Frize, and five the height of the Cornice: The Archetrave is divided into eight parts, five of them are for the plain of the Archetrave, and three for the Cimatium, which is divided into seven parts, of one is made the Astragal, and the rest are divided into eight parts; three of which are for the Scima Reversa, three for the Scotia, and two for the Orlo or Regula; The height of the Cornice is divided into six parts and ¾, of three are made the Scima Reversa. The Dentells and the Ouolo, the Scima Reversa, hath as much Projecture as it is thick: the Dentells are two of three parts of their height, and the Ouolo three of four parts. Of the ¾ is made the Scima Reversa, between the Scima Recta and the Coronna; And the three other parts are divided into seven∣teen, nine make the Scima Recta, and the Orlo or Regula, and eight the Coronna.
This Cornice hath much Projecture as it hath thicknesse, as all the other aforesaid.
Here followes designes of Doores and Windowes according to the five Orders of Andrea Palladio, and are the same which are in the Louvre in Paris.