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The Arms of the House of Howard were Quarterly, Howard, Brotherton, Warren and Mowbray.
I Would have the Reader know, That I presume not here to declare the Honors, and Advantages, which belong to the Illustrious House of Howard; it would be too great a task for one much abler, that could have access unto those lights which might direct him in such an undertaking; but much more for a stranger, who does only pretend to trace out those Genealogies, among the proofs of which, he has been conversant, and that particularly appertain to the House of Mordaunt.
It is therefore of the Howards of Effingham of which I am to Treat, from whence the Earl of Peterborow is not only Descended, but of which he is, indeed, the very Heir; and of this Family it was, which is so very admirable, where Fortune and Virtue (that are so oft at odds, about the Creatures they intend to raise) did both concur, to make the Lords thereof so very Great, with so little Envy.
Great they were, as all the greatest Dignities could make them; they had been Generals in the Field, Admirals at the Sea, Counsellors at the Board, Ambassa∣dors abroad, Commissioners in the most important Treaties, and borne the greatest Offices in the Houses of their Kings; but greater far, in that their Noble Qualities, and Virtuous Actions did deserve them; so as they seemed made to adorn those Honours, which might well at first have been designed to illustrate other Men.
For their Descent, it was several ways derived from the Beds of Kings; they took Marriages from the Crown, and gave Wives into the Arms of Princes.
Their Estates were suitable to their other Greatness, and the Rewards of their Services such as became the acknowledgment of generous Princes.
After all which, I know not what could obstruct the Lustre of this House, un∣less it were the Malignity of Oblivion, or want of Friends within the House of Fame: to obviate which, these short Memorials are thought fit to be Recorded, by a Servant, and honourer of their Descendants.
THOMAS HOWARD, who was afterward the Second Duke of Norfolk, from whom more immediately the Howards of Effingham do Descend, be∣ing the greatest, and most happy Subject of his time; it were not amiss, for example sake, to shew by what Education and Practices he became fit for such a Fortune; for he was certainly the Son of Virtue; and Chance, or Favour had little share in his Prosperity. He was, by a prudent Father, as soon as he was fit for Study, committed to the severity of the Schools, to the end a great Spirit under discipline might be acquainted with the moderations that are to be used in the course of Humane Life; as that he should apply himself to obtain the Fa∣vour
of the Muses, whose Graces if he could acquire, they would certainly be to him of use, or comfort in every Fortune.
After he had such a tincture of Letters as was necessary for a Man, that was nei∣ther design'd for the Pulpit, nor the Bar, the Lord Howard his Father sent him out of the Country, where there was little improvement to be made, besides en∣abling himself, in the conduct of mean Sports, or meaner Inclinations.
He addressed him to the Court, where he was soon received in the quality of Page, or Henchman to King Edward the Fourth, continuing there till he came to Mans estate, in perpetual practice of those Exercises that are necessary to fit a Man for the Knowledge and use of Arms; of all which, when he was become a Master, he was ambitious to shew his Learning upon a proper Stage: And hearing that the Duke of Burgundy, one of the nearest and most considerable Allies of the Crown of England, was undertaking a War against Lewis the Eleventh, at that time King of France; He begged leave of the King his Master to go into that Service, in Company of other considerable Gentlemen of his own Country, who desired to gain Knowledge and Experience in that great Art; to be the better able after∣ward, when there should be occasion, to serve their own Prince and Country.
They were received with all the courtesie they could expect from that War-like Prince, and had every Encouragement young Adventurers could pretend to, in such an undertaking. The young Howard did particularly advance into the Favour of the Duke, by his extraordinary application to what he came for; being the first in every occasion, that could possibly gain him either Honor, or Experience. And thus he continued in this Service, till the end of that War; at which time he re∣turned home to his own King, loaden with the Rewards, and Praises of the Duke of Burgundy.
King Edward, as well for the desert of the Young Gentleman, as to give Ex∣ample and Encouragement to other of his Subjects, for enabling themselves by such generous untertakings, upon his Arrival did distinguish him by several Graces, and took him into an Office, at that time very considerable, to be the Esquire of his Body; whose duty it was to attend the King at his making ready, both Mor∣ning and Evening, and afterward he made him Knight. He continued from thence∣forth to follow King Edward in all his Fortunes; he Fought by his side at the Field in Lincoln-shire, at Banbury Field, and was with him at Warwick, when he was taken Prisoner by the Earl of that place: And after the Kings escape into Flanders, and that all the ways were so be-set, as it was over hard for any of his Servants to get after him, Sir Thomas Howard was fain to take sanctuary at Saint Johns in Colchester, for the true love that he bore King Edward; where he remain∣ed till the Kings Return; upon which, he immediately resorted to him, and went with him to Barnet Field, at which he was sore hurt.
The King, after this, being settled in the Throne, and designing to go over into France with an Army Royal, he sent thither, before, divers Gentlemen: and having great opinion of the Conduct, and Experience of Sir Thomas Howard, from the Service he had seen under the Duke of Burgundy, as because he had been with himself in so many Fields, and Businesses; he commanded him to go over with them, that nothing might be done without his Advice, till the Kings own Arrival. And when King Edward, and King Lewis met at the Barriers upon the River of Somme, the said Sir Thomas Howard was with King Edward, by the King's Commandment, in that Occasion, and no Man else save only the Chancellor of England, the Chan∣cellor of France, and Sir Thomas Cheyny.
Sir John Howard, the Father of Sir Thomas, had before this been made Lord Ho∣ward, and lived always exercised in the greatest Employments, having just pre∣tentions to the Honors, and Lands, of the Great and Antient House of Mowbray, as Son and Heir to Margaret the Eldest Daughter to Thomas Mowbray, the last Duke of Norfolk.
But Sir Thomas Howard his Son, of whom we Treat, having acquired noble Possessions of his own, by his Services, and his Wife's Inheritance, who was Eli∣zabeth Daughter and Heir of Sir Frederick Tilney; did about this time desire the King's leave to retire from Court; which having obtained, he came into Norfolk, and dwelt during the rest of King Edward's days, at a House of his Wife's, called Ashwoldsthorpe; where he kept an honourable House, in favour of the whole Shire: The Lord Howard his Father being yet alive, and so continuing many Years after.
What was the inducement to this retreat is still uncertain; but it is constant, that the last Years of King Edward were so full of Faction between the power of the Queen and her Kindred, and the Ambition of his Brothers, as it was not strange that Wise Men should desire to withdraw from the difficulties of keeping well with both, or the danger of disobliging either. In this condition remained the House of Howard at the death of Edward the Fourth, and for some time after, till the Ambition of King Richard, with the Arts and Practices subservient there∣unto, had through Blood and Violence, made way unto the Crown; and that the Young King was destroyed with his Brother, and as many of the great Lords as were like to have taken part with the unhappy Prince.
The new King (after this) being one of the most Politick, as well as the most daring Princes in the World, was not ignorant of the ill Actions he had commit∣ted, nor of the consequences they were like to have; he knew all the Friends he could make would be little enough to sustain him, against the potent Enemies he had created. And therefore he made it now his business to gain, among the Nobles, and among the People, every Man that had Parts, or Interests suitable to his oc∣casions. To this end, knowing the Lord Howard, and his Son, had from the lat∣ter Years of King Edward, been retired from the Court, not oversatisfied; and in no good Correspondence with the Queens Kindred, which he had been forced to suppress: He thought from the great interest they had, and their exceeding reputation for Wisdom and Valour, they were the sittest persons to be gained, and the likeliest to adhere to him of any other. He therefore invited them to Court; and as an earnest of his Favour, and dependance, he created the Father Duke of Norfolk, with the restitution of the Lands of his Mother's Inheritance; and makes the Son, at the same time, Earl of Surrey: They were also from thence∣forth the chief in all his Councils; and with this proceeding he captivates their grate∣ful Hearts, and makes them resolve to stand by him in every Fortune.
After King Richard had Reigned two years, in all the endeavours that could be practised by a Wise Ruler, to get his faults to be forgotten, and to oblige his People by doing Justice, and making good Laws, and favouring particulars as far as was in his power; he found, notwithstanding, from every part, Clouds a∣gathering in order to a Storm Abroad; the Earl of Richmond sought for Aid; at Home, the Duke of Buckingham, and other great Lords, prepared to assist him: In fine, towards the end of the Second Year of his Reign, that Earl Landed in England: and at last, the King was forced to see his Crown set at Com-promise, in the Fortune of a Bloody Battel; at Bosworth was the Fatal Field, whereat this Criminal King, was as prodigal of his own Blood, as he had been of other Mens; All that could be performed by the conduct of a Captain, or the Valour of a Soul∣dier, he put in practice, to save that Crown, which had cost so many Crimes. And when by the overthrow of some Troops, and desertion of others, he found it could not be, as one that scorned to out-live his Power, and his Fortune, he threw himself into the Arms of Death, as the only refuge against humane miseries.
John Duke of Norfolk, his faithful Friend and Subject, with his Son the Earl of Surrey, Fought both, this day, in behalf of their Benefactor: and the Duke, who led on the Archers, and had his post at the head of the Foot, was there slain upon the place, in performing that duty to which he was called by his Honor,
and his Gratitude. The Earl toward the end of the day, overcome by his own Valour, which had spent his strength and spirits in continual exercise of Heroick Actions, but that disdained to save his Life, by flying from the Fortune of his Friends, was taken by his Enemies, and brought a Prisoner to the Victorious King.
The Earl of Surrey was at this time in the vigor of his youth, Tall, Strong, and Graceful, of a flourishing Health and Constitution, and esteemed one of the best Men of Arms of that Age: He was of a high Spirit, but had a sober Aspect, and was nothing dejected by his ill Fortune. King Henry was surprized, though not undelighted, with the sight of a Man so extraordinary; and after having said some thing to the other Prisoners of Quality, he called for the Earl, and ask'd him, How he durst engage in the Service of so Ʋnjust, and Cruel a Tyrant? To whom the Earl Replied, That King Richard was in the Throne before he came into his In∣terest; and if he had found the Crown of England upon a Bush, he would have Fought for it. The King did not seem exasperated with so bold an Answer, and with the rest, he did dismiss him, to the charge of those in whose custody he was, to be conveyed to the Tower.
Within these fatal Walls, which seemed built for the restraint of Hero's, the Earl of Surrey was detained Three Years: During which Imprisonment, he often with gratitude, acknowledged the Goodness and Care of the Duke his Father, who had given him such a share of Learning, as did enable him (during that solitude) to divert himself with the Records, and Notions of Philosophy, and other useful and esteemable Studies. He had acquiesced in the determination of Heaven, and the destruction of his Master; who leaving no Heir to pretend a right to his farther Services, this Earl did believe he might well submit to his Authority, whom God had made a Conqueror, who was now Crown'd, and whose Royal Virtues did deserve that he should Reign. He therefore refused all the invitations were made him by the King's Enemies, and the Malecontents of that time (of which there were many, and those very potent) to enter into the intriegues of their Faction: He would not hear of the Dutchess of Burgundy, nor of the Earl of Lincoln: And when a great Consternation arose, upon that Prince's Invasion, and the Armies approach towards Stoake in Lincoln-shire, in order to Fight with the King and his Forces; the Lieutenant of the Tower, offer'd the Earl his Liberty, to have gone where he pleased; but he generously refused it, and said, He would never leave to be a Prisoner, but by his consent that had thought him worthy of such a punishment.
And so he continued till the King's return from the Battel of Stoake, who ha∣ving been informed of his submissive and modest behaviour, during so long an Imprisonment; and of the other great Capacities of the Earl, which would ren∣der him very useful to any Prince that should imploy him; he took him out of the Tower, and made him one of his Privy-Council; being, as Polidore the Historian says, Vir Prudentia, Gravitate, & Constantia summa.
In the Fourth Year of this King he was restored, by Act of Parliament, to the Title of Earl of Surrey, and to all those Lands that were of his Wife's Inheri∣tance. But after this, he began to be set at the head of every important business; this Wise King believing he might trust a Man who had proved so faithful to another Master.
There having then happned a great Commotion in the North, occasioned by the raising of a Subsidy, and of that importance, that the Earl of Northumberland was slain therein; (who was the greatest Lord of all those parts:) The King raising a great Army for suppressing of the same, he gave the whole Command thereof to the Earl of Surrey; and sent under his Obedience the greatest Lords, and the best Captains of his Court; as the Earl of Shrewsbury, the Lord Hastings, Sir William Stanly his Chamberlain, Sir Rice ap Thomas, Sir John Bourchier, Sir John Savage, Sir John Risely, and divers others. And he was after, in the Eighth of the same King,
imployed again, for suppressing the Incursions of the Scots. His Deserts, and great Abilities appearing every day more and more to this Sagacious King; in the Sixteenth Year of his Reign, he conferr'd upon him the great Office of Lord High-Treasurer of England; and in the Two and twentieth of his Reign, finding the Earl worthy of all the acknowledgments he could make, King Henry granted him a special Livery of all the Lands whereof his Father died Seized, Mowbrays, Howards, and what ever he had acquired. This put him in a condition to support his great Merit, his great Blood, and his great-Condition: And after the death of this King, (which soon succeeded) his Young Successor, King Henry the Eighth, found the Earl of Surrey in a condition of Fortune and Reputation, as much to do, as to receive Honor from the Court, or any Imployment whereunto he could be called. He therefore chose him into the number of his first Counsellors, renewed his Patent for Lord High-Treasurer, and constituted him Earl Marshal of England for his Life.
In the Fourth Year of this King, there happned a great Crisis of State. The King was Engaged with an Army, consisting of the flower of England, to go for France; where he Besieged, and took several Towns. At the same time he had cause to believe the King of Scots would enter England, with his utermost Power; the Defence whereof, would be enough for the greatest Captain he could ap∣point. He thereupon chose the Earl of Surrey; under whose Protection he left all that could be dear to him, his Country, and his Wife: and it falling out as he did apprehend, and the Scottish King entring the Kingdom with a mighty Army, the Earl, with all power he could make, Marched to meet him. He found the King had taken Norham Castle; and being resolved now, to do something should render him worthy of the Trust he had received, or to die in the endeavour, he brought, by several industries (of which the Historians are very particular) the Scottish Army to a necessity of Fighting: Which they did, under the Example, and Sight of their Valiant King, with all the Valour and Resolution that was pos∣sible. But such was the Conduct, the Valour, and the Ascendant of this Earl, as their Resistance did prove fruitless; the whole Scottish Army was overthrown, and their King (who for his Valour deserved a better Fortune) was slain Fighting upon the Field.
If ever the Action of any Subject was opportunely Fortunate to a King, or his Affairs, this Victory proved so to King Henry, at that time Engaged in the War with so Potent an Enemy as the King of France; and the consequence would have proved of the last misfortune, if the Earl had otherwise succeeded. The applauses of the Court, of the King, and Kingdom, were of mighty satisfaction to the great and publick Spirit of this Earl; but the Generous King forbore not to add Rewards suitable to the Great Merits of his Service. He did him several Honors, but as the greatest, was his restitution to the Illustrious Dignity of his Ancestors, the Dukedom of Norfolk, of which his Father was possessed, and that by his Grandmother had Descended to him from the Mowbrays, in former times Dukes of that Country. He gave him, for the support of this Dignity, many Man∣nors, and great Lordships; and continued him, during the rest of his Life, in the greatest Honours of the Kingdom. But at last, loaden with Years as well as with Felicities, he yielded to Death, in the Castle of Framingham; the Twenty first of May, in the Year 1524. in the Sixteenth Year of King Henry the Eighth: Having Married Two Wives.
WILLIAM Lord Howard, though he had the advantage of so great, and so fortunate a Father, yet it was not to that he owed the least part of his Fame, or of his Fortune. The Duke, his Father, loved Virtue and Industry, and to a Son that would have been Great without Care, or Labour, he would have afforded little assistance. The Earl of Surrey, the Lord Howard, and the Lord Edmund, were the Sons of his Prudence; by his Dutchess Elizabeth Daughter to Sir Philip Tilney, who brought her Husband a great Inheritance: But the Lord William was the Son of his Love; and Born of Agnes Tilney, his Second Wife, that was a young Virgin, Cousin to the former Dutchess; and who brought in partage, but her Beauty, her Virtue, and her Fruitfulness. To this young Lord the Duke had indeed a secret partiality, but his great Lands were already all to be inherited by the Children of his First Wife; and it was the principle in those days, for Great Men to do little in detriment of them, that were to sustain their Names and Dignities. He resolved then so to cultivate the Virtue, and noble Inclinations of the young William, as should make him deserve any Fortune, what ever his own were like to be. He gave him therefore admirable Education, and thrust him betimes into the World. He made use of his Inclina∣tion, being Martial, to introduce him into the Favour of the greatest Captains of his time, particulary those that were applied unto the Sea; whom with his Com∣pany, in every occasion, he did so well humor, as he became the future Hopes of that calling. In intervals of Martial occasions he followed the King, and Mi∣nisters, who found him of so solid and useful a Temper, as they thought him fit
serve the Crown in any important capacity. He followed the King to Boloigne; at the magnificent enterview with King Francis: And in the Twenty sixth of Henry the Eighth, was sent into Scotland, to present King James with the Order of the Garter, and his Master's desire that he would come through England, to accompany him, and be present at the enterview.
The Duke, his Father, had been instrumental in the greatest disasters of Scot∣land. But in those Heroick times, Generous Princes had a value for Noble Ene∣mies. King James was taken with the Nature and Manners of the Lord William Howard, and perceiving in his Merit, much hopes of future greatness, he did so cultivate his friendship, as when there was business to be transacted between the Crowns, that King did shew an inclination more ready to hear this Lord, than any other; wherefore King Henry, having, at that time, a great desire to draw the King of Scotland to an enterview, he sent him to Edenburgh in the ..... Year of his Reign, together with the Bishop of St. Asaph, to perswade him there∣unto; as also to make him propositions of very great advantage.
In the Three and thirtieth Year of the same King, he was sent Extraordinary Ambassador into France; in his discharge of which Employment, having much sa∣tisfied the King, and his Ministers, he expected a chearful welcome at his return; but from the Faults, or the Misfortune of another, he found such a disappoint∣ment as lodged him in the Tower, instead of the Palace; and gave him the Frowns due to the ill behaviour of the Queen, instead of the Applauses his own endea∣vours had deserved. For Katharine Howard, the Fifth Wife of Henry the Eighth, was his Niece, and had in a short space after her Marriage, so conducted her self, as she fell into his Majesties disgrace, and lost her Head. Thereupon, the old Dutchess of Norfolk, with this Lord William, and his Lady, were Indicted for Mis∣prision of Treason, in concealing (as was alledged) what they knew of that Queen's former behavior, and Condemn'd to perpetual Imprisonment.
But after that for reason of State, and to justifie the King, something had been done under an appearance of Anger, and Severity; the King, that knew the Lord William was never Author of that Match; and that it could not be expected he should have taken great pains, to hinder the Honor, and Advantage, of his Niece; who he could not foresee, would have made so ill a use of so great a good Fortune: his Majesty set at liberty this Noble Lord, and his Relations, who had suffered this restraint. Although they did remain under some sort of discou∣ragement, during the short remainder of this King's Reign; who for other reasons had Beheaded the Noble Earl of Surrey, that was Brother to this Lord, and Im∣prisoned the Duke his Father; a Servant, and Subject, that had deserved more than any other of his time.
But after the Death of King Henry, when the State began to grow jealous of the French, for designing to recover the Key of their Kingdom; the considerable Town of Calis, King Edward's Council cast into the Arms of the Lord William Howard; and to make it safe, made him Lord Deputy thereof, in the Sixth Year of his Reign.
After the Death of King Edward, the Queen his Sister, being notable for the Council she chose, and the Ministers and Servants she imployed in every pur∣pose, took this noble Lord into the nearest of her Trust, and Confidence; she knew his Valour, his Experience, and the opinion the World had of it; and therefore thought none so fit, for the great Office of High Admiral of England; which she conferr'd upon him in the First Year of her Reign; creating him, at the same time, Lord Baron of Effingham, whereof in the succeeding Parliament, he took his place; she also made him Lord Chamberlain of her Houshold; and he was afterwards Lord Privy Seal.
When this Queen was dead, her Sister remembering the behaviour of this Lord, to have been tender towards her, and obliging, during the times of her troubles,
and Persecution; she conferred the same Office of Chamberlain upon him, in the First Year of her Reign.
He was also sent by Queen Elizabeth, with the Lord Cobham, Ambassador to the Spaniard, into the Netherlands, on an important Negotiation; and in the Twelfth of that Queen, joyned with the Earl of Sussex, in Command of those Forces, that were sent to suppress the Rebellion of the Earls of Northumberland and Westmorland: He was also one of the Peers, who sate upon the Tryal of his unfortunate Nephew, the Duke of Norfolk. Thus, after having been imployed (as has been express'd) in the Service of so many Kings, in management of the Highest Offices, and Imployments of the State, he dyed, full of Honor, Esteem, and Reputation, the Fifteenth Year of Queen Elizabeth; at her Palace of Hampton-Court. By his Will, bequeathing his Collar of Gold, and his Robes of the Order, to Charles, his Son; (for he was also, a Knight of the Garter) and was hono∣rably Interred in the Parish Church of Rygate.
CHARLES HOWARD, the eldest Son of the Lord William, Baron of Ef∣fingham (of whom we have last Treated) was bred under a Father who knew that great Birth and Dignities, were things that weighed much upon those that wore them; and could never be honourably supported, without equal Merit, and Capacities, in those that would pretend to be advantaged by them. He had therefore, in his Youth, been bred to the Theories of all the Noble Arts, that could render a Man useful to his King, and Country; and as soon as he was of a fit strength, he was thrust by his Father into the practice of them, upon every necessary occasion. He was with him in all his Expeditions at Sea; becoming there∣by very expert in Navigation. He was in all the Land Services of his time, and followed his Father in every Embassy where he was imployed. These practices made him fit for great Imployments; as indeed, such Imployments were fit for
him; because, the truth was, that his Father's perpetual custom, of keeping his hands clean in all the great Trusts had been committed to him; being ever fon∣der of Fame and Faithfulness, than of Money or Estate; he had not left his Son so superfluous a Fortune, as it might have been easie for him to have suitably sub∣sisted, to his desert, and great Spirit, without the Favour and Assistance of his Princes: But the times wherein he lived were very Active, and in them usefulness made Men considered more than phancy. And the discerning Queen Elizabeth thought she had a jewel in this Youth, whose hopefulness and merit shone in the Eyes of every Man. The first Imployment we find he had, was to be one of those noble persons, chose by the Queen, to conduct the Lady Anne of Austria, Daughter to Maximilian the Emperor, from Zeland into Spain. Afterward we find him a Commander of some Forces, under his Father, that were sent for the suppression of the Earls Rebellion: And in the Registers of that Order it appears, That he was chosen a Knight of the Garter in the Fifteenth Year of Queen Eli∣zabeth.
In the Twenty eighth of that Queen, upon the Death of the Earl of Lincoln, he was made Lord High Admiral of England; being at that time Lord Chamberlain, as his Father had formerly been. And in the Year 1588. when the King of Spain sent his greatest Fleet under the Conduct of his greatest Subject, the Duke of Me∣dina Sidonia, with a design to take the Kingdom with the very sight of so formidable a power; the Queen then, and her admirable Council, pitch'd upon this Lord Howard to be the Buckler of England; making him, with an extraordinary Power, Lieutenant General of all the Queen's Forces on the Sea, from the estimation they had of his excellent Virtues; as being a Man of great Moderation, much knowledge in Maritine Affairs; Discreetly Wary, throughly Valiant, Industrious in Action, and a Person whom the Mariners entirely loved.
The success gave the approbation to this choice; the Spaniards appeared, the Admiral gave them Battel, and they were overthrown; England was delivered, and the Noble Lord received the Applauses his Valour, and his Conduct did deserve.
But after this, there remaining still great jealousies of future dangers from the Enmity of Spain, who did design much by the Assistance of the Irish, who were at that time Rebelliously disposed, he was made joint General of the English Army, with Robert Earl of Essex, for defence of this Kingdom, both by Sea, and Land. He was also in this Year, on the Fifteenth of June, constituted Justice Itenerant of all the Forests South of Trent for Life. And in the Two and twen∣tieth of October following, in consideration of his Eminent Services in Anno. 1588. in defending this Realm against the Spanish Armado, as afterwards of the Sacking of Cadiz in Spain, and for destroying the Spanish Fleet then in the Port there, he was advanced to the Title and Dignity of Earl of Nottingham, as descended from the Mowbrays; whereof some had before been Earls of that Country.
In the One and Fortieth Year of the same Queen, this Admiral continuing still in great Reputation, and there remaining some supition of the Spaniard's ill in∣tentions, he was made Lieutenant General of all the Queen's Field Forces, and one of the Commissioners for exercising the Office of Earl Marshal of England. And in these great Trusts, he imploy'd his time during the Reign of this Happy, and Victorious Queen. And the wife Successor, upon his Arrival, thought it a material testimony of his kindness to the Kingdom he did Inherit, to give all marks of his Esteem and Favor, to those who had contributed so many Cares and Labours, to the Glory, and Safety thereof. Therefore, at his Royal Coro∣nation he made this Earl Lord Great Steward of England for that occasion. And in the Second Year of his Reign, at the renewing the Commissions unto several Great Lords, for exercising the Office of Earl Marshal of England, he was like∣wise constituted one of that number. But by this time the Noble Earl was grown very Antient, and his Body being less able than before to support the Labours,
and Cares of War, or of the Court; he by the advice of his Friends, resolved of a retreat; he resigned the great Office of Admiral into the King's Hands, for which he was notwithstanding allowed great Pensions for his Life, and other very considerable advantages. After which he was engaged in going Extraordinary Ambassador on a most splendid occasion, into Spain, to Make and Sign that Peace, which was so agreeable to King James the First, as he thence did design such an Alliance, as by Marriage of his Son, should make lasting Friendship between the two Crowns. This was the last great occasion, wherein the Earl of Nottingham did appear; the rest of his Life was Peace, and Prayer. His Lordship departing this World, at Hayling in Kent, at the Age of Eighty eight Years; having been Knight of the Garter Fifty two. This Noble Earl had Married Two Wives:
His First was Katharine Cary, Daughter to the Lord Hundsdon.
His Second was Margaret Stuart, Daughter to James Earl of Murray in Scotland.
WILLIAM Lord Howard, was a Youth of extraordinary expectation, and had given early proof of many rare Virtues; he was Active, he was In∣genious, he was applicable to every thing that was for the Honor of the Court, or the Use of the Kingdom. In the days of Queen Elizabeth, the Pastimes, and Tri∣umphs of the State, were very Martial; Courses at the Tilt were much in fashion, and Fights at the Barriers; no Man had greater applause at these Exercises, than this Young Lord: And when Monsieur was here, with his great Followers, who are held Masters at these Exercises, he got the esteem of all the French-Men. He was with his Father at the Encounter with the Spanish Fleet; (though but Young at that time) he was with him at the Sacking of Calis; and also, in most of his Embassies. He was Grave of his Nature, and entring into the favour of the Ministers, as Man likely to be fit for Business; when unhappily he fell into a consuming Sickness, that after some time, brought him to his end, (in the Life-time of his Father; to the great mortification of that Noble Lord, and of all the rest of his Relations; leaving by his Wife, the Lady Anne Saint John, Daugh∣ter and sole Heir of the Lord John Saint John of Blefso, for his sole Heir;
ELIZABETH HOWARD, was the only Daughter, and Sole Heir, of William Lord Howard, eldest Son to the Admiral; and she was Inheritable to all the Lands that at his Marriage had been settled upon her Father, and to what ever else had not by Will, or otherwise, been disposed of by her Grand-Father, to any of his other Sons. And if Margaret Stuart, Countess of Nottingham (the Admiral's Second Wife) had not, by being present with the old Lord at the time of his Death, been possessed of his personal Estate, which was vast in Jewels, Plate, and all kind of Precious Moveables, she had proved the greatest Fortune of her time. However, she was possessed at her Marriage with the Castle of Dunnington, with the Park, and a large Lordship of fair Revenues, that had Roy∣alties of great Extent and Consideration: She had the Noble Lordship of Blech∣ingleigh in expectance after her Mother, and the Priory of Rygate after the death of the Countess of Nottingham; all which she lived to enjoy.
She was a Lady of extraordinary Beauty in her time; and before she was Mar∣ried, the hopes and expectation of every one that was Great and Considerable in England. But her Mother being of a Family that was of Kindred as well as Neigbourhood to the Mordaunts of Turvey, proved favourable to the Merits, the Person, and Noble Qualities of the Lord Mordaunt, afterward Earl of Peterborow; to whom she gave in Marriage her Daughter, and all her pretences.
This Lady had much Wit, and a great Spirit, which inclined her to be Generous and Bountiful, to a degree of a little too much valuing the uncertain applause of needy persons. She lived in Unhappy Times, the Rebellion beginning and ending in her days; dying after the King's Restauration, in the Year . . . . leaving Issue by her Husband, John Earl of Peterborow:
GENEALOGICAL PROOFS OF THE DESCENT and SUCCESSION Of the HOUSE of HOWARD of Effingham; Drawn out of Extant Charters, Records, Histories, and other Authentick Testimonies.
ORdaining her Son-in-Law, Thomas Earl of Surrey, surviver of this her Testament, to whom she gave a Cup of Gold, and a Cross with the Pots of Silver Gilt. The probate of which Will bears Date the Thirtieth of December, 1494.
Which Thomas being Squire of the Body to King Edward the Fourth (his Fa∣ther then living) was retained to serve in his Wars, in the Fifteenth of Edward the Fourth, with six Men at Arms, and Two hundred Archers. And the next ensuing Year constituted Sheriff of the Counties of Norfolk and Suffolk; he was also created Earl of Surrey, at such time as John his Father was made Duke of Norfolk, by King Richard the Third. And though he took part with that King, and Fought valiantly on his behalf at Bosworth Field, where he was taken Prisoner, yet did King Henry the Seventh afterwards receive him into Favour, and made choice of him for one of his Privy Council, being a person of great Prudence, Gravity and Constancy; whom he served faithfully, during the whole time of his Reign.
In the Fourth Year of Henry the Seventh he was in Parliament restored to his Title of Earl of Surrey, and to all those Lands which were of his Wifes Inheritance. And the same Year, upon the Insurrection in the North, occasioned by the assessing of a Subsidy (wherein the Earl of Northumberland was Murdered, through the fury of the Multitude) he was sent with a strong power for the suppressing thereof: And in the Eighth of Henry the Seventh was again imployed into the North, to restrain the incursions of the Scots.
In the Thirteenth of Henry the Seventh, upon the Siege of Norham Castle by those bold Invaders, (being then in York-shire) he March'd towards them; but be∣fore he could reach to Norham, they quited their ground, and retired into their own Country; whereupon he followed them with his Army and made great spoil within their borders.
About this time he made partition with Maurice, Brother of William Marquess of Berkley, of the Lands which came to them by Inheritance, by reason of their Descent from the Coheirs to Mowbray Duke of Norfolk. And in the Fifteenth of Henry the Seventh attended the King and Queen to Calis.
In the Sixteenth of Henry the Seventh (25 Junii) he had that great Office of Lord Treasurer of England conferr'd on him. And in the Two and twentieth of Henry the Seventh obtained a Special Livery of all the Lands, whereof his Fa∣ther died seized. In the First of Henry the Eighth, being likewise made one of the Privy Council to that King, he had his Patent for Lord Treasurer renewed: And in the Second of Henry the Eighth was constituted Earl Marshal of England for Life.
In the Fourth of Henry the Eighth, upon that Expedition then made by that King into France (at which time Therouane, and Tourney were taken) he was sent Northwards to prevent the Scots Incursions, during the Kings absence: But before he got far enough to make resistance, King James the Fourth of Scotland, having entred the borders, with a powerful Army, took Norham Castle. Of which this Valiant Earl being advertised, he made the more speed thitherwards (his Army consisting of Twenty six thousand) appointing Thomas his Son, then Lord Admi∣ral, to come by Sea, and meet him at or near Alnwick in Northumberland: Which he accordingly did, bringing with him a Thousand stout Men (some say Five thou∣sand.) Hereupon, having intelligence, That the Scots had Intrench'd themselves on a Hill called Floden, on the edge of the Mountain Cheviot; and finding the Country so Forraged that he could not long continue there, he sent Rouge-Cross Herald, on Sunday the Fourth of September, conducted by a Trumpet, with instructions to tell that King, That having violated his Faith and League, and Hostily entred Eng∣land, he resolved on the Friday next following, to bid him Battle, if he would ac∣cept it.
Whereupon King James accepting the Challenge, he March'd within Three Miles of Floden; and discerning that the Scots still kept the Hill, he sent Rouge-Cross again, with a Letter subscribed by himself, and his Son, the Lord Admiral, with divers others, moving them to come down into the Plain: Unto which no satisfactory Answer being given, he March'd on with his Army, to cut off their Victuals, in case they would not draw down. The Scots therefore being aware of that danger, fired their Huts and dislodged, covertly by the advantage of the Smoak; but kept still on the higher Ground. This Earl therefore traversing some Bogs and Marshes, till he came to the bottom of the ascent, and finding it not very steep encouraged his Men to Fight, marching speedily on; his Two Sons, Thomas and Edmond leading the Van of the Battle, himself and Sir Edward Stanly the Rear: The Lord Dacres, with the Horse, being appointed as a reserve. Whereupon the Fight began, which was stoutly maintained on both sides for Three hours; till at length, the Scots, for the better avoiding the storm of Arrows, opening their Ranks, the Lord Dacres came in with his Horse, and put them so to it, that they were constrain'd to cast themselves into a ring, doing all that Valiant Men could do, and no Man more than the King himself; yet he lost the day, him∣self being slain upon the place by a mortal Wound with an Arrow, and another with a Bill. For which memorable Service this Earl had thereupon a special Grant from King Henry, to himself, and the Heirs Male of his Body, of an honourable augmentation to his Arms, to bear on the Bend thereof, the upper half of a Red Lion (Depicted as the Arms of Scotland are) pierced through the Mouth with an Arrow: And by Letters Patent, bearing date the First of February next ensuing, was advanced to the Dignity of Duke of Norfolk; which Title, John his Father, deriving his Descent (through the Heirs Female of Mowbray and Seagrave) from Thomas of Brotherton, Son to King Edward the First, did enjoy; the Ceremony of his Creation being performed at Lambeth the Day following, which was the Festi∣val of Our Ladies Purification. And by other Letters Patent bearing date the same First of February, obtained a Grant in Special Tail, of the Mannors of Acton-Burnel,
Holgat, Abeton, Millenchop, Langdon, Chatwall, Smithecote, Wolstanton, Ʋp∣pington, and Rushbury, in Comitatu Salopiae, Solihull, in Com. Warr. Wolverhampton, in Com. Staff. Birehust, and Ʋptonlovel, in Com. Wilts; Erdescote, in Com. Berks; Hon∣nesdon, Estwike, Barley and Hide, in Com. Hertf. Kentcote and Kerdwike, in Com. Oxon. Eastwickham, in Com. Kanc. of the Castles of Balesover and Horeston, and Mannor of Horsley, in Com. Derb. and of the Mannors of Clipston, Limby, Mauncefield, Wood-house, and Sutton in Ashfield, in Com. Nott. to be held by the Service of one Knight's Fee.
Upon the Second of March next following, he had a new Patent (by the Title of Duke of Norfolk) for the Office of Lord Treasurer of England: And in the Sixth Year of Henry the Eighth, upon the Contract of Marriage betwixt Lewis de Longueville, on the behalf of Lewis the Twelfth of France, and the Lady Mary, Sister to King Henry the Eighth, the King himself conducting her to the Sea side, recommended her to the care of this Duke, who Landing with her at Boloigne, brought her to Abbeville; where (upon the Ninth of October) King Lewis himself solemnly Consummated the Marriage. But in the Seventh of Henry the Eighth, observing that the Kings Coffers were much exhausted by his Wars and Triumphs, and not finding it easie to supply these vast Expences, which (in Pageants, and other devices) increased daily, he wisely withdrew himself.
In the Thirteenth of Henry the Eighth (13 Maii) he performed the Office of Lord High Steward, upon the Tryal of Edward Duke of Buckingham, and gave Sentence of Death upon him, but not without Tears. And in the Fourteenth of Henry the Eighth, obtained a Grant in Special Tail, and to his Son Thomas Earl of Surrey, of the Mannors of Welles, Shyringham Stafford, Barningham, Warham, and Waveton, in Com. Suff. with the Advousons of the Churches, part of the Pos∣sessions of the before specified Edward Duke of Buckingham attainted.
By his Testament, bearing date ult. Maii, Anno. 1520. (12. H. VIII.) he bequeath∣ed his Body to be Buried in the Church of the Priory of Thetford, in Com. Norf. before the High-Altar; appointing that his Executors should cause a Tomb to be made, and set up there, with the Images of himself, and Agnes his Wife thereon; allowing for the charge thereof CXXXIIIl VIs VIIId He also bequeathed to his Son, and Heir Apparent, who should be living at his Decease, his great hanged Bed, paled with Cloth of Gold, white Damask, and black Velvet, broidered with these Two Letters T and A, as also one suit of Hangings of the story of Hercules, made for the great Chamber at Framingham in Norfolk. And departing this Life at his said Castle of Framingham, 21 Maii, Anno 1524. (16. H. VIII.) had Burial in the Priory of Thetford accordingly.
He Married two Wives, first Elizabeth, Daughter and sole Heir to Sir Frederick Tilney, Knight, Widow of Humphrey Bourchier Lord Berners: Which Elizabeth, by her Testament, bearing Date Nov. 6. Anno 1506. (22. H. VII.) bequeathed her Body to be Interr'd in the Nuns Quire of the Minoresses without Aldgate in Lon∣don, nigh unto the place where Anne Montgomery lay Buried: appointing that no more than Twenty Torches should be used at her Burial, and Months-mind; also, that no Dole, or Money, should be given at either of these Solemnities; but in∣stead thereof, a Hundred Marks to be distributed to the poor folks, viz. to every poor Man and Woman, in the Parishes of White-Chappel and Hackney, vij d.
By this Elizabeth he had Issue Eight Sons, 1. Thomas, created Earl of Surrey in his life time. 2. Sir Edward Howard, Knight of the Garter. 3. Edmond. The other Five, viz. Henry, John, Charles, Henry, and Richard all dying young: And Three Daughters, 1. Elizabeth, Married to Thomas Viscount Rochford, (afterwards Earl of Wiltshire and Ormond) 2. Muriell, first Married to John Grey Viscount Lisle, afterwards to Sir Thomas Knevet of Buckingham, in Com. Norf. Knight: And 3. Mary, Married to Henry Fitz-Roy, Duke of Richmond and Sommerset, Natural Son to King Henry the Eighth.
To his Second Wife he Wedded Agnes, Daughter to Sir Philip Tilney, Knight; by whom he had Issue, William, afterwards created Baron Howard of Effingham, (of
whom, and his Descendants, I shall say more anon.) 2. Thomas, who taking to Wife the Lady Margaret Douglas, (Daughter to Margaret Queen of Scots, by her Husband the Earl of Angus) Niece to King Henry; was attainted of Treason, upon some suspition of his intents for aspiring to the Crown; and departing this life in the Tower of London, 1. Nov. Anno 1537. (29. Eliz.) was Buried at Thetford. 3. Richard, who died Anno 1517. (9. H. 8.) and was Buried at Lambeth. And Four Daughters, Anne, Married to John Earl of Oxford; Dorothy to Edward Earl of Derby, Elizabeth to Henry Earl of Sussex; and Katharine, first Married to Sir Rice ap Thomas, Knight, but afterwards to Henry Daubeny Earl of Bridgwater.
ET Thomas Howardus, Comes Surriae, vir Prudentia, Gravitate, & Constantia summa.
JAM dies Concilii ad Westmonasterium habendi advenerat, ubi Henricus, cum Katharina Uxore, à Cantuariensi Archiepiscopo corona redimitur, sacraturque, Octavo Kal. Julii, Anno qui fuit salutis humanae MDIX, quo ejus pater è vita excesserat, qui dictus est Henricus, eo nomine octavus, dum publicum gaudium celebratur, Laetitiam moeror velut saepe Comes sequitur: Margareta enim Henrici avia, moritur, ob cujus obitum non nihil respublica damni fecit; quippe mulier erat prudentissima atque sanctissima, quae cum videret Henrico per aetatem non li∣cere suum officium praestare, ita à principio providere, consulere, prospicere coe∣pit, ut summa imperii penes optimos quosque principes esset, quo ne quid ipsa respublica detrimenti acciperet, quae aliquot menses communi multorum Concilio gubernata, postremo ad duos, Ricardum Wintoniensem Episcopum, & Thomam Comitem Surreium, administratio pervenit, qui inter se secretas habebant simul∣tates, quas authoritatis aemulatio in dies singulos magis magisque augebat. In iis diversa erant studia: Wintoniensis, suis amplis rebus contentus, Regis tantum & republicae utilitatem quaerebat: Comes vero, qui olim paternae haereditatis majori ex parte, propter Civilia Bella & Factionum Seditiones, Naufragium fecerat, suo interim privato commodo inservire cogebatur, qui idcirco ad latus Regis quotidie adhaerens, bene magna identidem ab eo beneficia habebat, quae ille tam suis quam aliis postea ad arbitrium suum daret, tribueret, deferret. Ista Wintoniensi visa sunt eo brevi tempore evasura, ut Comes primas apud principem teneret omnino, nisi maturè obviam ejus conatibus praeiretur, id quod sibi modis omnibus facien∣dum deliberavit. Accessit in eandem palaestram & tertius, Guilielmus Conton, in Regio cubiculo primus Minister; sed is cum magis rei familiari quàm potentiae studeret, nihil dabat suspicionis. Interea Christopherus Benbricus, Eboracensis Archiepiscopus, Romam Legatus ad Julium Romanum Pontificem Mittitur, & Thomas Ruthal designatur Dunelmensis Episcopus.
HAving thus Finish'd with the Principal Stemm of this most Noble Family, I come to those Collateral Branches as are not yet spoke of: And first, to William, Son to Thomas, the Second Duke of Norfolk of this House, by Agnes his Second Wife, Daughter of Hugh Tilney, and Sister and Heir to Sir Phi∣lip Tilney of Boston, in Com. Linc. Knight.
This William in 24. H. VIII. was one of the Attendants of that King to Calis, and so to Boloigne, at such time as he was there Magnificently received by Francis the First, King of France: And in 26. H. VIII. sent into Scotland, to present King James the Fifth, with the Order of the Garter: Also, to acquaint him with the intended Interview betwixt King Henry, and King Francis of France: And intreat∣ing his Presence thereat, to desire his Coming through England, to accompany King Henry to Calis.
In 27. H. VIII. he was sent with Dr. William Barlow, Bishop of St. Asaph, to the same King of Scots, to perswade him to enterview with King Henry; as also, to make certain advantageous Propositions to him. And in 35. H. VIII. upon that unhappy Deportment of Katharine Howard, his Niece, Fifth Wife of King Henry, for which she lost her Head, (being newly return'd from an Embassy into France) he was Indicted (as was also his Wife, and the old Duthess of Norfolk) for Mis∣prision of Treason, (in concealing what they knew of that Queen's Behaviour there∣in) and condemned to perpetual Imprisonment: But at length, through the King's Favour, enlarged; and in 6. Edw. VI. made Deputy of Calis; being a very valiant Person, and perfectly Loyal to both those Kings. He had such Esteem from Queen Mary, as that by Letters Patents, bearing Date 11. Martii, in the First Year of her Reign, he was advanced to the Degree and Dignity of a Baron of this Realm, by the Title of Lord Howard of Effingham; as also, the Twentieth of the same Month, made Lord Admiral of England, Ireland, and Wales: And upon the Second of A∣pril next ensuing, took his Place in Parliament amongst the rest of the Peers: Al∣so, upon the Eighth of that Month, constituted Lord Admiral, and Lieutenant Ge∣neral of all her Forces at Sea: He was likewise Lord Chamberlain of her House∣hold. And in the 1. Eliz. had the same Honourable Office conferred on him by that Queen.
After this he was sent Ambassador, with the Lord Cobham, to the Spaniard into the Netherlands; and in 12. Eliz. accompanied the Earl of Sussex, General of those Forces then sent against the Earls of Northumberland and VVestmoreland, at that Time in Rebellion. In 15. Eliz. he was one of the Peers which sate at the Tryal of the Duke of Norfolk. And by his Testament, bearing Date 6. Maii, (11. Eliz.) being then Knight of the most Noble Order of the Garter, bequeathed his Body to be buried in the Chancel of the Parish Church of Rygate, in Com. Sur. appointing a Tomb to be there made for him. And to Charles, his Son and Heir, bequeathed his Collar of Gold, and all his Robes belonging to the Order of the Garter.
He Married Two Wives; first, Katharine Daughter and Co-heir to Sir John Broughton, of Tuddington, in Com. Bedf. Knight; by whom he had Issue, only one
Daughter, called Agnes, Married to VVilliam Pawlet, the Third Marquis of VVin∣chester: Secondly, Margaret, Daughter of Sir Thomas Ganiage, Knight; which Mar∣garet departed this Life . . . . . Maii, Anno 1581. (23. Eliz.) by whom he had Issue four Sons, viz. Charles, who succeeded him in his Honour; VVilliam Howard of Lingfield, in Com. Sur. Edward and Henry, who died Young: Also Five Daughters; First, Douglas, Married first to John Lord Sheffield; afterwards to Robert Earl of Leicester, as hath been pretended; and thirdly, to Sir Edward Stafford of Grafton, Knight: Secondly, Mary; first, to Edward Lord Dudley; afterwards to Richard Montpession, Esquire. Thirdly, Frances, to Edward Earl of Hertford. Fourthly, Martha, to Sir George Bourchier, Knight, (Third Son to John Earl of Bath.) And, Fifthly, Katharine, who died young. And departing this Life at Hampton-Court, 11. Jan. 15. Eliz. was honourably Buried at Rygate in Surrey, upon the 29th. of the same Month.
MARIA Dei Gratia Angliae, Franciae, & Hiberniae, Regina, Fidei Defensor, Archiepiscopis, Episcopis, Ducibus, Comitibus, Baronibus, Justiciarils, Vice∣comitibus, Praepositis, Ministris, & omnibus Ballivis, & Fidelibus suis, salutem. Cum enim praeteritorum Magnifica gesta Principum saltem, qui sua Industria atque Vir∣tute, famam nobis reliquere Immortalem, ad mentem revocemus, nil Prudentius, nil laude Dignius pro prospero atque Felici ipsorum Statu, Salute, securoque Successu, eos fecisse arbitramur, qui quando Fideles, Diligentes, strenuosque suos servientes Facultatibus, Regimine, & Honore, condigne remunerari, caeterisque praeferre de∣creverint, sicque sua iis Beneficia juxta eorum Virtutes, atque Merita, benignè con∣ferre curarunt. Nos eorum mores imitantes, non solum Nobilitatem atque Constan∣tiam, imo probitatem, ac in Armis strenuitatem, caeterasque virtutes Domini Willi∣elmi Howard, militis nostri intime dilecti, non modica cum deliberatione maturè considerantes ipsum Willielmum Howard in Baronum Parliamenti, & Regni nostri Angliae, ex mero motu, gratiaque, nostris ordinavimus, deputavimus, creavimus, & constituimus, prout per praesentes ordinamus, deputamus, creamus, & constitui∣mus, atque titulum, nomen, & stilum Baronis Howard de Effingham, locumque in singulis Parliamentis infra idem Regnum nostrum Angliae posthac celebrandis, caeteraque jura, Privilegiaque nostra ipsius Regni Baronibus ejusdem ex Lege, consue∣tudine, aliove quovis pacto pertinentia, eidem Willielmo, damus, & concedimus, eis∣que ipsum adeo liberè, & amplè uti, & gaudere, sicut unquam aliquis Baro hu∣jus Regni nostri usus fuit, aut debuit, volumus habendum hujusmodi statum, titu∣lum, nomen, & stilum Baronis Howard de Effingham praedicta, atque locum in Par∣liamentis praedictis, ac caetera praemissa praefato Willielmo, & haeredibus suis mas∣culis, de corpore suo excuntibus, in perpetuum, eo quod expressa mentio de vero valore animi, aut de certitudine praemissorum, sive eorum alicujus, aut de aliis do∣nis, sive concessionibus, per nos, seu per aliquem progenitorum nostrorum praefato Willielmo ante haec tempora factis, in praesentibus minime factum existit. Aliquo statuto, actu, ordinatione, provisione, sive restrictione inde in contrarium ante haec editis, factis, seu ordinatis, seu provisis, aut aliqua alia re, causa, vel materia qua∣qunque in aliquo non obstante, his testibus Reverend' in Christo Patre, ac praedilecto & fideli Conciliario nostro, Stephano Wintoniensi Episcopo, summo nostro Angliae Cancellario, charissimis consanguineis, & Conciliariis nostris, Willielmo Marchione Winton, praenobilis ordinis Garterii Milite, ac Thesaurario nostro Angliae, Henrico, Comite Arundel, praenobilis ordinis Garterii Milite, ac Domino senescallo Hospitii nostri, Johanne Comite Bedford, praenobilis ordinis Garterii Milite, ac Custode privati sigilli nostri, Henrico, Comite Sussex, Willielmo, Comite Pembroke, praenobilis or∣dinis Garterii Milite, praedilectis & fidelibus Conciliariis nostris, Willielmo Domino Paget de Bewdesert, praenobilis ordinis Garterii Milite, Reverendo in Christo Pa∣tre
Cutberto Dunelmens. Episcopo, Johanne Gage, praenobilis ordinis Garterii Milite, Domino Camerario nostro, Roberto Rotchester, Milite, contrarotulatore Hospitii nostri, Henrico Jernynham, Milite, Vicecamerario nostro, Willielmo Petre, Milite, uno Primariorum Secretariorum nostorum, & Johanne Bourne, Milite, altero Prima∣riorum Secretariorum nostrorum. Data per manum nostram apud Westmonasterium undecimo die Martii, Anno Regni nostri primo, per ipsam Reginam.
Sigillum Eden.
BUT it rested not here; for the Lord William Howard, the Queen's Uncle, new∣ly returned from an Embassage in France, and his Wife, and the old Dutch∣ess of Norfolk, and divers of the Queen's, and the said Dutchess's Kindred and Ser∣vants, and a Butter-Wife, were Indicted of Misprision of Treason, as concealing this Fact, and condemned to perpetual Prison; though yet, by the King's Favour, some of them were at length Released.
MARIA Dei Gratia Angliae, Franciae, & Hiberniae, Regina, omnibus, ad quos, &c. Salutem. Sciatis quod nos ob certas causas, & considerationes nos specialiter moventes, ac in consideratione boni, veri, & fidelis Servitii per di∣lectum Conciliarium nostrum, Willielmum Howard, Militem, Dominum Howard de Effingham, ante haec tempora facti, & impensi, de gratia nostra speciali, ac ex cer∣ta Scientia, & mero motu nostris dedimus, & concessimus, ac per praesentes, pro nobis, haeredibus & successoribus nostris, damus, & concedimus, eidem Domino Howard, officium magni Admiralli nostri Angliae, Hiberniae, Walliae, ac Dominio∣rum & Insularum eorundem, Villae nostrae in Cales, ac Marchiarum nostrarum ejus∣dem, Normanum Gastonum, & Aquitanum, ac ipsum Dominum Howard, magnum Admirallum nostrum Angliae, Hiberniae, & Walliae, ac Dominiorum & Insularum nostrarum eorundem, Villae nostrae Cales, & Marchiarum nostrarum ejusdem, Nor∣manum Gastonum, & Aquitanum, necnon praefectum generalem Classis, & Marium, dictorum Regnorum nostrorum Angliae, & Hiberniae, ac Dominiorum & Insularum eorundem, fecimus, constituimus, & ordinavimus, ac per praesentes facimus, consti∣tuimus, & ordinamus: Et ulterius sciatis, quod nos de Gratia nostra speciali, ac ex certa scientia, & mero motu nostris dedimus, & concessimus, ac per praesentes pro nobis, haeredibus, & successoribus nostris, damus, & concedimus eidem Domino Howard, magno Admirallo nostro Angliae, & praefecto Classis, & Marium nostrorum praedictorum, omnia & omnimodas jurisdictiones, autoritates, libertates, officia, feoda, proficua, vadia, emolumenta wrecum maris, & maris ejectum, regardia, ad∣vantagia, commoditates, & praeminentia quaecunque eidem officio magni Ad∣miralli nostri Angliae, & Hiberniae, ac aliorum locorum, & Dominiorum praedicto∣rum qualitercunque spectantia, & pertinentia, sive incumbentia, vel aliquo modo ab antiquo, & perantea debita, sive consueta; necnon tam bona, & catalla quo∣rumcunque praedictorum piratorum, homicidarum, & felonum, qualitercunque infra nostram jurisdictionem Admiralitatis nostrae Angliae, inferius limitatam, delinquentium; quam bona, debita, & catalla omnium & singulorum eorum manutenentium accessa∣riorum, consulentium, auxiliantium, vel assistentium quorumcunque, & eorum mi∣nistrorum; atque etiam bona, debita, & catalla quarumcunque personarum felonum de se, & cujuslibet personae felonis de se, infra praedictam nostram jurisdictionem Admiralitatis nostrae Angliae praedictae, quovis modo, seu qualitercunque ad mortem devenientium, ubicunque bona, debita, vel catalla hujusmodi, aut aliqua parcella eorundem, per mare, aquam, vel terram, infra Regna nostra praedicta, seu Domi∣nia nostra eorundem, tam infra libertates, quam extra fuerint inventa, seu inveni∣enda, forisfacta, seu forisfacienda, vel existentia quaecunque: Et etiam bona, de∣bita,
& catalla, quarumcunque aliarum personarum felonum de se, & cujuslibet aliae personae felonis de se infra jurisdictionem nostram praedictam reperta, seu re∣perienda, aut contingentia quaecunque; & praeterea tam bona, dedita, & catalla quorumcunque aliorum praedictorum felonum & homicidarum ubique locorum de∣linquentium; ac bona, debita, & catalla eorum manutenentium, accessariorum, consulentium, auxiliantium, seu assistentium; quam etiam bona, debita, & catalla quorumcunque fugitivorum, convictorum, attaintorum, damnatorum, utlatorum, vel in exigendo vel productione felonia, homicidia vel murdra, seu aliquo alio quocunque offenso, aut delicto, qualitercunque posito, sive ponendo; necnon & bona naviata Flotsfonde, Jetsond, Lagon, & Shares, ac thesaurum inventum, seu inveniendum, deodanda, ac bona inimicorum pro derelicta habita, vel habenda, seu casu fortuito reperta, aut reperienda, vel qualitercunque debita, seu debenda; necnon omnia bona mercimonia, & catalla deperdita in mare inventa, sive extra mare projecta, atque etiam omnia & singula alia casualia, tam in, super, seu per mare, litorave, crecas, aut costeras maris, vel partes Maritimas, quam in, super, vel per aquas dulces, portus, flumina publica, rivos, seu crecas quascunque, aut loca superundata quaecunque, infra fluxum vel refluxum maris, seu aquae ad pleni∣tudinem, aut super litora, vel ripas alicujus eorundem, à quibuscunque primis pontibus versus Mare per Regnum Nostrum Angliae, aut Hiberniae, seu Dominia nostra praedicta, qualitercunque, quandocunque, vel quomodocunque emergentium, contingentium, seu provenientium quaecunque; vel ubicunque bona, debita, vel catalla hujusmodi aut caetera praemissa, seu aliqua parcella eorundem infra juris∣dictionem nostram Admiralitatis nostrae Angliae praedictae reperiantur, aut invenire seu reperiri contingunt, vel quae ad nos nunc pertinent, aut unquam à die obitûs Domini Edwardi Sexti, nuper Regis Angliae defuncti, quovis modo pertinuerunt, seu pertinere debuerunt, aut debent ullo modo, Areriam, Anchoragia, Beothona∣gia, seu signa per mare, vel portus, seu publica flumina, sive litora & promon∣toria alicujus eorundem pro directione navium erecta, & lastagia seu arenosam navium onerationem, atque Pisces Regales, videlicet Sturgiones, Balaenas, Cetas, Porpesias, Delphinos, Riggs, & Graspes, ac generaliter caeteros Pisces quoscunque, magnam sive ingentem crassitudinem, sive pinguedinem, in se habentes, eidem officio magni Admiralli nostri Angliae, ab antiquo, de jure vel consuetudine, pertinentes seu spectantes, aut aliquo modo consueta. Et insuper omnes, & omnimodas fines, mulctas, exitus, forisfacta, amerciamenta, redemptiones, ac re∣cognitiones quascunque, forisfacta, & poenas pecuniarum, pro transgressionibus, de∣lictis, injuriis, extortionibus, contemptibus, ac aliis malefactis quibuscunque, vel pro aliqua alia re, materia, seu causa quacunque impositas, vel inflictas, aut im∣ponendas, vel infligendas tam coram dicto magno Admirallo nostro Angliae, seu ali∣quo ejus locum tenente Officiali Commissario, Vice-admirallo, vel deputato vi∣gore harum literarum nostrarum Patentium, per eum assignando, vel deputando, in aliqua curia Admiralitatis nostrae Angliae praedictae, tenta, sive tenenda, praesentatas, sive praesentandas assidendas, afferendas, forisfaciendas, vel adjudicandas; quam etiam amerciamenta, exitus, fines, perquisita, mulctas, & poenas pecuniarum quas∣cunque, ac forisfactionem quarumcunque recognitionum, coram dicto magno Admi∣rallo nostro Angliae, ejusque locum Tenente, Vice-admirallo, vel Deputatis, ac aliis Justiciariis, seu haeredibus, vel successoribus nostrum Admiralitatis nostrae Angliae praedictae, vel quatuor corundem, ad omnia Productiones, Felonias, Ro∣berias, ac Murdras, Homicidia, Confederationes, ac alia Offensa, Transgressiones, Comtemptus, Misprisiones, Spoliationes & Maleficia, infra jurisdictionem nostram maritimam, commissa sive committenda, audienda, & terminanda per literas no∣stras commissionales patentes, haeredum vel successorum nostrorum juxto statuta inde edita, & consuetudinem Curiae principalis Admiralitatis nostrae Angliae praedictae fub Magno Sigillo Angliae, factas, & fiendas, assignatas, sive assignandas, contingentia, sive imposita, aut imponenda, vel affligenda, sive aliquo modo affligenda, afferen∣da, forisfacienda, seu adjudicanda, aut aliquo modo, occasione praemissorum, nobis
vel haeredibus seu successoribus nostris, in ea parte qualitercunque debita, seu de∣benda quaecunque, eademque omnia & singula petenda, exigenda, levanda, capi∣enda, recipienda, & obtinenda, ac liberè disponenda, habenda, gaudenda, occu∣panda, & exercenda, dictum officium magni Admiralli nostri Angliae, Hiberniae, Walliae, Cales, & Marchiarum eorundum, Normanum Gasconum & Aquitanum, ac Praefecti generalis Classis & Marium nostrorum praedictorum eidem Domino Howard pro termino vitae suae, per se, vel per sufficientem deputatum suum, sive deputatos suos sufficientes, unà cum omnibus & singulis praemissis, ac aliis rebus qui∣buscunque, eidem officio magni Admiralli nostri Angliae quovis modo pertinenti∣bus, devenientibus, incumbentibus, sive spectantibus, seu perantea ab antiquo de∣bitis, vel consuetis, absque compoto, seu aliquo alio, nobis, haeredibus, vel successo∣ribus nostris, proinde reddenda, solvenda, seu facienda, aliquibus Statutis, actibus, ordinationibus, prohibitionibus, restrictionibus in contrarium factis, editis, ordi∣natis vel positis, aut aliqua alia re, materia, seu causa quacunque in aliquo non obstante. Et insuper ex uberiori gratia nostra speciali, ac ex certa scientia, & mero motu, nostris concessimus, ac per praesentes pro nobis, haeredibus, & successo∣ribus nostris, damus, concedimus eidem Domino Howard, magno Admirallo nostro Angliae, ac Praefecto Classis, & Marium nostrorum praedictorum, pro occupatione & exercitio dicti officii magni Admiralli nostri Angliae praedictae, quandam annuita∣tem, sive annualem redditum ducentarum marcarum legalis monetae Angliae, unà cum omnibus & singulis caeteris praemissis, habendum, gaudendum, & annuatim percipiendum praedictam annuitatem, sive annualem redditum ducentarum marca∣rum, praefato Domino Howard, à Festo Nativitatis Domini ultimo praeterito de thesauro nostro ad receptam scaccarii nostri, per manus thesaurariorum & Came∣rariorum nostrorum dicti Scaccarii pro tempore existentis, ad quatuor anni termi∣nos, videlicet, ad Festa Annunciationis beatae Mariae Virginis, Nativitatis Sancti Jo∣hannis Baptistae, Sancti Michaelis Archangeli, & Nativitatis Domini, per aequales portiones solvendum. Et praeterea de uberiori Gratia nostra, ac ex certa Scientia, & mero motu, nostris dedimus, & concessimus, ac per praesentes pro nobis, haere∣dibus & successoribus nostris, damus, & concedimus praefato Domino Howard, magno Admirallo nostro Angliae, & Praefecto Generali Classis, & Marium nostro∣rum praedictorum, plenam jurisdictionem, potestatem, & authoritatem, audiendi, examinandi, & terminandi quascunque Causas Civiles & Maritimas, atque quere∣las, contractus, delicta, seu quasi delicta, crimina, debita, exchambia, compotas, literas petitas, conventiones, lites, transgressiones, injurias, extorsiones, & de∣manda, ac negotia Civilia, & Maritima quaecunque inter mercatores, aut inter Do∣minos, & proprietarios Navium, & aliorum vasorum, & mercatores seu alios quoscunque cum eisdem Dominiis, & proprietariis Naviis, & caeterorum vasorum quorumcunque infra jurisdictionem nostram Maritimam Admiralitatis nostrae Angliae praedictae, occupatorum vel usitatorum, seu inter quascunque alias personas qualiter∣cunque habitas, factas, initas, seu contractas, pro aliqua re, materia, seu causa, vel negotio, seu injuria quacunque, tam in, super, vel per mare, aut flumina pub∣lica, seu aquas dulces, portus, rivos, seu crecas, & loca fuperundata quaecunque, infra fluxum, & refluxum maris, & aquae ad plenitudinem, vel super litora, seu ri∣pas quascunque, eisdem vel eorum alicui adjacentes à quibuscunque primis pon∣tibus versus mare, per dicta Regna nostra Angliae, & Hiberniae, seu Dominia no∣stra eorundem supradicta, vel alibi ultra mare, aut in partibus ultramarinis quibus∣cunque expedita, seu expedienda, unà cum omnibus & singulis suis infidentibus, emergentibus, dependentibus, annexis, & connexis causis quibuscunque, ubicunque, seu qualitercunque hujusmodi causas, querelas, contractus, & alia praemissa supra∣dicta, vel eorum aliquod oriri, celebrari, contrahi, vel fieri contingat. Atque insuper causas appellationum & nullitatis querelarum ex causis praedictis, seu earum aliqua, à quibuscunque Judicibus, Justiciariis, Vice-admirallis, Majoribus, Vice-comitibus, Senescallis, Ballivis, seu ab Officiaris vel ministris quibuscunque ad curiam nostram principalis Admiralitatis nostrae Angliae praedictae interpositarum,
seu interponendarum, cum omnibus & singulis suis emergentibus, dependentibus, connexis, & annexis causis & negotiis quibuscunque, juxta leges nostras Civiles & Maritimas, ac consuetudinem Curiae nostrae principalis Admiralitatis nostrae prae∣dictae, in eadem Curia nostra audiendis, & terminandis, cum plena potestate, & authoritate nostris inhibendum, prohibendum, & supersedere faciendum, & man∣dandum omnibus, & singulis, quibus in ea parte fuerit inhibendum, superseden∣dum, vel prohibendum, quod ipsi, & eorum aliquis, pendentes in dictâ Curiâ nostrâ, hujusmodi appellationes, sive nullitatis querelae, negotiis indiscussis, ulteriùs in ea parte procedere minimè attemptent, nec attemptet, sub poenis, arbitrio dicti magni Admiralli nostri, in ea parte limitandis, seu interponendis, necnon querelas omnium & singulorum contractuum, conventionum, ac causarum, & negotiorum civilium, & maritimorum ultra mare proficiendorum, vel ultra mare contractorum, ac in hoc Regno nostro Angliae, vel dicto Regno nostro Hiberniae, vel in aliquo alio Dominio nostro eorundem perimplendorum, seu perficiendorum, qualitercunque emergentium, seu contingentium, areriam, cognitionem caeterorum omnium & sin∣gulorum, quae ad officium magni Admiralli nostri Angliae, & Praefectum gene∣ralem Classis, & Marium nostrorum praedictorum, vel jurisdictionem nostram Maritimam nostrae Admiralitatis Angliae praedictae quovis modo tangunt, vel aliquo modo concernunt, aut ab antiquo pertinere debuerunt, aut debent. Et generaliter ad cognoscendum, & procedendum in omnibus, & singulis aliis causis, litibus, criminibus, delictis, excessibus, querelis, injuriis, maleficiis, seu quasi malesiciis, transgressionibus, regretariis, forstallariis, & negotiis Maritimis quibuscunque per Regna nostra, & loca praedicta infra jurisdictionem nostram Maritimam Admira∣litatis nostrae Angliae praedictae, per mare, vel aquam, aut ripas, seu litora eorun∣dem qualitercunque facta, commissa, perpetrata, aut emergentia; unà cum po∣testate & authoritate recognitiones quascunque pro conventionibus seu debitis qui∣buscunque capiendas, easque executionum ponendas, & exequi faciendas & man∣dandas; necnon naves, personas, res, bona, merces, & mercimonia quaecunque pro praemissis, & eorum quolibet, ac aliis causis quibuscunque eadem concernen∣tia ubique locorum fuerint reperta, seu inventa per Regna, seu Dominia nostra praedicta infra libertates, seu extra Areriam, pro aliis conventionibus, causis, seu debitis quibuscunque, qualitercunque contractis, sive emergentibus, dummodo bona, seu personae debitorum reperiantur infra jurisdictionem Admiralitatis nostrae prae∣dictae ab antiquo usitatas, realiter arrestandas, & arrestari faciendas, & mandan∣das, ipsasque & ipsa cum suis emergentibus, dependentibus, insidentibus, annexis, & connexis causis, & negotiis quibuscunque, juxta leges, & consuetudines praedi∣ctas, aliisque viis, modis, & mediis omnibus & singulis, quibus idem magnus Admirallus noster & Praefectus generalis Classis, & Marium nostrorum praedicto∣rum meliùs sciverit, & poterit, ad audiendum, examinandum, discutiendum, & sine debito terminandum. Ac personas quascunque in ea parte, prout casus exiget in dicta Curia Admiralitatis nostrae Angliae praedictae, coram dicto Admi∣rallo nostro Angliae, seu ejus deputato quocunque, seu deputatis comparere, & respondere, cum cujuslibet coercionis potestate, ac cum suis alternis poenae & mulctae, juxta leges, & consuetudines praedictas compellendum, ac justitiam faci∣endum & ministrandum, etiam juris ordine servato seu velo servato, sine strepitu & sigura justitii sola facta, & rei veritate inspecta procedendum. Necnon ad in∣quirendum per Sacramentum proborum & legalium hominum, tam infra libertates quàm extra, de omnibus & singulis, quae de jure, statutis, ordinationibus, vel consuetudinibus Curiae nostrae principalis nostrae Admiralitatis Angliae prae∣dictae ab antiquo inquiri solent vel deberent. Reofque, contemptores ac juris & jurisdictionis nostrorum praedictorum violatores, & usurpatores, delinquentes, & contumaciter absentes, naucleros, marinarios, remiges, piscatores, naupegos, & alios operarios & expertos quoscunque, res nauticas quascunque exercentes, tam juxta & secundùm leges nostras Civiles & Maritimas, ac ordinationem & consue∣tudinem praedictam, & eorum demerita, quam juxta & secundùm Statuta Regni
nostri Angliae in ea parte edita, & posita, mulctandum, corrigendum, puniendum, castigandum, & reformandum, ac in quibuscunque carceribus nostris, ubique locorum, infra Regna & Dominia nostra praedicta, incarcerandum, & incarcerari faciendum & mandandum, incarceratosque quoscunque, qui deliberandi fuerint, deliberandum, & penitùs exonerandum, & exonerari faciendum & mandandum, fluminaque nostra pub∣lica, portus, rivos, & aquas dulces, & crecas quascunque infra jurisdictionem nostram maritimam, ubicunque locorum, infra Regna & Dominia nostra praedicta existentia, pro conservatione tam Classis nostrae ac Classium & Navigiorum regnorum & domi∣niorum nostrorum praedictorum, quàm piscium in eisdem fluminibus & locis prae∣dictis crescentium quorumcunque, necnon & ordinationes & statuta quaecunque in ea parte edita & posita, debitè conservandum, & exequi ac conservari faciendum, subconservatoresque deputandum, & assignandum, omniaque alia & singula facien∣dum, exercendum, expediendum, ac exequendum in praemissis, & eorum quolibet, prout de jure, & secundùm leges, & consuetudines praedictas fuerint facienda. Necnon & reta minus stricta, ac alia ingenia, sive instrumenta illicita quaecunque, ubicunque locorum, per flumina publica, portus, rivos, aquas dulces, seu crecas quascunque infra jurisdictonem nostram maritimam Admiralitatis nostrae Angliae praedictae per aquam occupata, sive exercita, ac exercitatores, & occupatores eorun∣dem, juxta dicta Statuta, & ordinationes Regni nostri Angliae praedictae, in contra∣rium editas, & positas, puniendum, corrigendum, & reformandum, ac insuper tam naves, & naviculas, seu vasa quaecunque, pro quibuscunque voyagiis, & nego∣tiis nostris, vel expeditione eorundem; necnon nautas, sive Pilotas Navium, Ma∣gistros, Naucleros, & Vibrillatores, sive Bombardarios & Marinarios, ac alias per∣sonas quascunque, pro Navibus & Naviculis, seu vasibus hujusmodi aptas, & ido∣neas de tempore in tempus quoties necesse fuerit, ubique locorum, infra Regna & Dominia nostra praedicta, infra libertates & extra congregandum, delegandum, reti∣nendum, capiendum, arrestandum, deputandum, & assignandum, absque interrupti∣one seu impedimento per quemcunque alium in contrarium fiendum, cum plena jurisdictione, & potestate ad exequendum omnia alia & singula, quae in ea parte per magnum Admirallum generalem nostrum, & Praefectum Classis & Marium nostrorum fieri possint, debent, vel solent expediri, vel necesse fuerint expedienda vel exequenda aoprout eidem magno Admirallo nostro Angliae, & Praefecto Classis, & Marium nostro∣rum praedictorum, de tempore in tempus magis expediens visum fuerit; concessimus praeterea, & de gratia nostra speciali, ac ex certa scientia, & mero motu, nostris dedi∣mus, ac per praesentes pro nobis, haeredibus, & successoribus nostris, damus, & concedi∣mus eidem Domino Howard, magno Admirallo nostro Angliae & Praefecto generali Classis, & Marium nostrorum praedictorum, ac omnia, & singula alia eidem officio pertinentia, & spectantia, per Regna & Dominia nostra praedicta, & quodlibet eorundem, meliùs & commodiùs exequi, & perimpleri valeat, vel possit, plenam potestatem, & autoritatem, quoties opus & necesse fuerit, ad nominandum, profi∣ciendum, ordinandum, assignandum, faciendum, & constituendum, locum tenen∣tem, sive locum tenentes, Judicem, sive Judices, Vice-admirallum, sive Vice-ad∣mirallos, Commissarium, sive Commissarios, Praesidentem, sive Praesidentes, Re∣gistrarium, sive Registrarios, ac omnes, & omnimodos alios Officiarios, & Mini∣stros sub se necessarios, idoneos, & opportunos pro praedicto Officio & exercitio ejusdem in locis praedictis exercendo, pro termino vitae cujuslibet officiariorum, & ministrorum hujusmodi duratorum, deputandorum, & praeferendorum, vel ad benè placitum dicti magni Admiralli nostri Angliae praeferendorum, deputandorum & as∣signandorum, ad omnia & singula praemissa, vice & loco suis faciendum & expe∣diendum, Statutaque, & ordinationes quascunque in officio nostro Admiralitatis Angliae praedictae statuendum, & concedendum, quoties opus fuerit, ac ea quae fuerint repellenda, repellendum. Necnon hujusmodi officiarium, & ministrum, & eorum quemlibet, ab hujusmodi officio & exercitio eorundem, juxta juris & aequitatis exigentiam, ac dictae curiae principalis Admiralitatis nostrae Angliae praedictae consue∣tudinem, amovere, & expellere, ac alium, sive alios, loco, sive locis, modo praemisso
ad ejus beneplacitum, vel pro termino vitae, substituere, ordinare, facere, & de∣putare possit, & valeat, quoties magis expediens videbitur. Et insuper de uberi∣ori gratia nostra volumus, ac per praesentes concedimus quòd hujusmodi offici∣arii, & ministri habeant & percipiant omnia & singula vada, & feoda, proficua, advantagia, & commoditates quaecunque eisdem officiariis & eorum cujuslibet, jux∣ta consuetudinem Curiae principalis Admiralli nostri Angliae praedictae, ab antiquo debita & consueta absque compoto, seu aliquo alio, nobis, haeredibus, vel successo∣ribus nostris proinde reddendum, solvendum vel faciendum.
Et ulteriùs de uberiori Gratia nostra speciali, ac ex certa scientia, & mero motu, nostris dedimus, & concessimus, ac per praesentes pro nobis, haeredibus, & successoribus, damus, & concedimus praefato Domino Howard, magno Admi∣rallo nostro Angliae, & Praefecto generali Classis, & Marium nostrorum praedi∣ctorum, & ejus locum tenenti, & locum tenentibus, Judici, sive Judicibus, Vice, admirallo, sive Vice-admirallis, Deputato, sive Deputatis, Comissario, sive Comis∣sariis, Praesidenti, sive Praesidentibus, plenam potestatem, jurisdictionem, autorita∣tem in causis supradictis, negotiis, litibus, & querelis, delictis, criminibus, extor∣sionibus, malefactis, contractis Civilibus & Maritimis, ac caeteris praemissis, omni∣bus & singulis, unà cum omnibus & fingulis suis emergentibus, incidentibus, connexis, dependentibus, & annexis causis, & negotiis quibuscunque cognoscen∣dum, procedendum, easque & ea audiendum, examinandum, terminandum, & si∣niendum, ac sententias, & decreta quaecunque in ea parte fulminandum, promul∣gandum, & interponendum, eaque executioni demandandum, cum cognitione, & plena jurisdictione quarumcunque aliarum causarum civilium & maritimarum, quae mare, vel maris pertransum, sive passagium, aut iter navale, sive voyagium maritimum, vel jurisdictionem nostram Maritimam supradictam, quovis modo con∣cernunt, seu respiciunt, aut super mare, fluminibus publicis, seu portubus, rivis, aquis dulcibus, crecis, vel locis praedictis, qualitercunque expeditis, vel expedien∣dis; etiam cum potestate ad procedendum in eisdem juxta leges nostras civiles & maritimas, ac consuetudinem Curiae principalis nostrae Admiralitatis Angliae praedictae, ab antiquo usitatas, tam ex officio mere mixto vel promoto, seu ad alicujus partis instantiam, prout casus exiget & expediens visum fuerit. Volumus etiam & per praesentes concedimus, quòd praefatus Dominus Howard, magnus Admirallus no∣ster Angliae, & Praefectus Classis & Marium nostrorum praedictorum, ac ejus lo∣cum tenentes, ac caeteri ejus officiarii, & ministri praedicti habeant cognitionem, & decisionem de wreco maris magno, seu parvo, ac de morte, supervisione, & visu corporum mortuorum, quarumcunque personarum in mare vel fluminibus publi∣cis, portubus, aquis dulcibus, seu crecis quibuscunque infra fluxum maris, vel aquae praedictae ad plenitudinem, per dicta regna nostra, & dominia praedicta, ac juris∣dictionem Admiralitatis nostrae praedictae custodiendum, & conservandum, statu∣tis nostris de wreco maris, & de officio Coronatoris, annis, tertio & quarto Edwardi Primi, atque Statutis de bonis spoliatis super mare venientibus in hoc Regnum nostris Angliae, anno vicesimo septimo Edwardi Tertii, progenito∣rum nostrorum quondam Regni Angliae respectivè editis & provifis, atque cogniti∣onem de mahemio in locis praedictis, infra fluxum maris, & aquae ad plenitudinem contingent, cum potestate etiam puniendi delinquentes in ea parte quoscunque, juxta juris exigentiam, ac Curae Admiralitatis nostrae praedictae consuetudinem, eò quòd expressa mentio de vero valore annuo vel certitudine praemissorum, sive eorum alicujus, aut de aliis donis sive concessionibus, per nos seu aliquem progeni∣torum nostrorum praefato Domino Howard, magno Admirallo nostro, & Praefecto generali Classis, & Marium nostrorum praedictorum, ante haec tempora factis, in praesentibus minimè facta existit, aut aliquo Statuto, actu, ordinatione, provisi∣one, prohibitione, sive restrictione, praesentibus literis nostris patentibus, sive alicui parti, seu clausulae in eisdem expressis vel insertis, repugnantibus, derogato∣riis, aut contrariis quibuscunque, in contrarium factis, editis, ordinatis, sive pro∣visis, seu aliqua alia re, causa, vel materia quacunque in aliquo non obstante,
mandantes & firmiter & strictè tenore praesentium percipientes, atque per dictum magnum Admirallum, & Praefectum nostrum generalem ex parte nostra percipi & mandari volentes universis & singulis Proceribus, Dominis Justiciariis, Majoribus, Vicecomitibus, Capitaneis, Senescallis, Ballivis, Custodibus Gaolorum, & carce∣rum nostrorum quorumcunque, Constabulariisque ac caeteris Ministris, & fide∣libus Subditis, & Ligeis nostris quibuscunque, & eorum cujuslibet infra libertates & extra, quod praefato Dimino Howard, magno Admirallo nostro Angliae & Prae∣fecto generali Classis & Marium nostrorum praedictorum, ac officiariorum, deputatis & ministris suis quibuscunque, & eorum cuilibet in dicto officio Admiralitatis no∣strae, assignatis seu assignandis, circa executionem praemissorum intendentes, auxili∣antes, faventes, pariter & obedientes sint, ac quòd mandatis & praeceptis quibus∣cunque eis, vel eorum alicui ex parte nostra, per dictum Dominum Howard, mag∣num Admirallum nostrum Angliae, ac Praefectum generalem Classis, & Marium no∣strorum praedictorum, vel ejus nomine directè pareant, sub poena contemptûs istarum literarum nostrarum patentium, ac sub periculo incumbentium. In cujus rei, &c.
Teste Regina apud Westmonasterium vicesimo die Martii, Anno Regni Reginae Mariae primo.
Per ipsam Reginam. Concordatum cum Recordo & examinatum per me S. Killingworth.
JAM illa annos nata XXV, usu, & adversitate efficacissimis magistris, edocta, prudentiam supra aetatem comparuerat, cujus primum specimen in Conciliariis de∣ligendis dedit. In sanctius enim Concilium sibi adscivit Nicolaum Heathum, Ar∣chiepiscopum Eboracensem, quem dixi, magna prudentia, & modesto ingenio, vi∣rum, Guilielmum Pawletum, Wintoniae Marchionem, summum Angliae Thesaurari∣um, Henricum Fitz-Alanum Arundeliae, Franciscum Talbottum Salopiae, Edwar∣dum Stanleium Derbiae, Guilielmum Herbertum Penbrochiae, Comites, Edwardum Baronem Clintonum, maris Praefectum, & Guilielmum Baronem Howardum Effing∣hamium, Cubicularium.
AD Hispanum in Belgio mittitur Baro Cobhamus cum documentis in eandem sententiam; necnon cum diplomate, quo Comes Arundeliae, Thurlbeius, Episcopus Eliensis, & D. Wottonus à Maria ad pacem Cameraci tractandam nuper delegati, Reginae nomine denuo delegantur, illisque Guilielmus Baro Howardus Ef∣finghamius adjungitur.
HINC visum ut ad castellum Cameracense de componendis controversiis, & pace concilianda, agerent utrique delegati. Pro Regina Angliae, Thurlbeius, Episcopus Eliensis, Guilielmus Baro Howardus Effinghamius, Reginae cubicularius supremus, & Nicolaus Wottonus, Ecclesiarum metropolitanarum Cantuariae & Ebo∣raci Decanus. Pro rege Galliae, Carolus Cardinalis à Lotharyngia, Archiepiscopus & Dux Rihemensis, Par primus Franciae, Annas, Dux Montmorentius, Par Cone∣stabilus, & magnus Magister Franciae, Jacobus Albonus, Dominus à St. Andraea, Marchio Fronsac, & Franciae Marescallus, Johannes Morvillerius, Episcopus Aureli∣anensis, & Claudius Albospinaeus, in Privato Concilio Secretarius.
INter pares appellatur ad judicium nepotis Ducis Norfolciae.
PRincipio hujus anni spiritum edidit Guilielmus Baro Howard Effinghamius, privati Sigilli Custos, Thomae Howardi, Bellicosi illius Norfolciae Ducis, de secunda Uxore Agnete Tilneia, filius, vir fidei spectatissimae & animi invicti, qui primum Caleti Praefectus, in Baronum numerum à Regina Maria adstitus, & mag∣nus Angliae Admirallus constitutus. Cui postea Cubicularius erat, ut etiam Elizabe∣thae, donec aetate fractus, Sussexio, paucis ante obitum mensibus, cesserit, privati Sigilli Custos factus, qui in Anglia quartus est, ut dixi, honoris gradus. Successit in Baroniae honore, Carolus filius, qui postea Reginae Cubicularius, & magnus iti∣dem Angliae Admirallus.
AND the twentieth of December they came to Hexam, from whence the Re∣bels were gone the Night before to Neworth, where they counselled with Edward Dacres concerning their own weariness; and also, how they were not only pursued by the Earl of Sussex, and others with him, having a power with them of seven thousand Men, being almost at their heels, but also, by the Earl of Warwick, and the Lord Clinton, with a far greater Army of Twelve thousand Men, raised by the Queen's Majesty's Commissioners, out of the South, and middle part of the Realm; in which Army, besides the Earl of Warwick, and Lord Admiral, chief Governour of the same, there were also Walter Devereux, Viscount Hertford, High Marshal of the Field, with the Lord Willoughby of Parham, Mr. Charles Howard, now Lord Howard of Effingham, General of the Horsemen under the Earl of Warwick, young Henry Knowles, Son to Sir Francis Knowles, his Lieute∣nant, Edward Horsey, Captain of the Isle of Wight, with five hundred Harquebusiers out of the same Isle, and Captain Leighton, with other five hundred Harquebusiers, Londoners, and many other worthy Gentlemen and valiant Captains.
WHich Charles so succeeding him, in 13. Eliz. (his Father then living) was one of those noble persons, who, by the command of Queen Eliza∣beth, conducted the Lady Anne of Austria, Daughter to Maximilian the Emperor,
from Zeland into Spain: And in 16. Eliz. (24. April) was Install'd Knight of the most Noble Order of the Garter.
In 28. Eliz. upon the death of Edward Earl of Lincoln, Lord High Admiral of England (being then also Chamberlain to the Queen, as his Father had formerly been) he was constituted his Successor in that great Office. Whereupon in Ann. 1588. (30. Eliz.) when that formidable Armado from Spain so much threatned an Invasion here, he was constituted Lieutenant General of the Queen's whole Fleet at Sea, of whose prosperous success she had no small opinion, well knowing him by his Moderation and Noble Extraction, to be a person of great knowledge in Maritine Affairs, Discreetly Wary, througly Valiant, Industrious in Action, and a person whom the Mariners entirely loved.
And in 39. Eliz. further dangers being threatned from the Spaniard, through the help of those Irish, who were Rebelliously disposed, he was made joint General of the English Army with Robert Earl of Essex, for the Defence of this Realm, both by Sea and Land, (vix. Essex for the Land, and this Lord Admiral for the Sea) the first squadron being led by him, the second by Essex, the third by Thomas Howard, and the fourth by Sir Walter Rawliegh. In this Year also (15. Junii) he was constituted Justice Itenerant of all the Forests South of Trent for Life. And upon the 22th of October following, in consideration of his eminent Services in in Ann. 1588. by defending this Realm against the Spanish Armado, and after∣wards in Sacking of Cadiz in Spain; as also in destroying the Spainsh Fleet (then in the Port there) was advanced to the Title and Dignity of Earl of Nottingham, as descended from the Family of Mowbray, whereof some had been Earls of that County.
In 41. Eliz. still continuing in high reputation at Court, some danger from the Spaniard being again threatned, he was constituted Lieutenant General of the Queen's Field Forces: And in 44. Eliz. made one of the Commissioners for exer∣cising the Office of Earl Marshal of England.
In 1. Jac. I. in order to the Solemnity of that King's Coronation, he was made Lord Great Steward of England, for that occasion: And in 2. Jac. I. upon renewing the Commission unto seven of the great Lords, for exercising that great Office of Earl Marshal, was likewise constituted one of that number. But in Ann. 1619. (17. Jac. I.) he surrendred his Patent for the Office of Lord Ad∣miral, into the King's hands; whereupon it was conferr'd on the Marquis of Buck∣ingham.
This Noble Earl Married to his first Wife Katharine Daughter to Henry Lord Hunsdon, by whom he had Issue Two Sons, William, who Wedded Anne, Daugh∣ter and sole Heir to John Lord Saint John of Bletso, but died in his life∣time, leaving Issue Elizabeth his sole Daughter and Heir, Married to John Lord Mordaunt of Turvey, in Com. Bedf. afterwards Earl of Peterborow. 2. Charles, his Successor in his honours. As also three Daughters, Elizabeth, Married to Sir Robert Southwell of Wood-Rising, in Com Norf. Knight; Frances, first Married to Henry Fitz-Gerald, Earl of Kildare, in Ireland; afterwards to Henry Lord Cobham; and Margaret to Sir Richard Leveson of Trentham, in Com. Staff. Knight, and Vice-Admiral of England.
To his second Wife he Married Margaret, Daughter to James Steward, Earl of Murrey in Scotland, which Margaret was naturalized in the Parliament of 1. Jac. I. by whom he had Issue Two Sons, James, who died young; and Sir Charles Howard, Knight. And died at Hayling, near Croydon in Kent, 13. Dec. Ann. 1624. (22. Jac. I.) being at that time Eighty eight Years of Age, having been Knight of the Garter Fifty two Years: his Wife surviving him, who afterwards Married to Sir William Munson, Knight, afterwards Viscount Castelmayn, in Ireland.
To whom succeeded Charles his second Son (the elder dying before him with∣out Issue Male) which Charles first took to Wife Charitie, Daughter of ..... White (Widow of ..... Leche, a Londoner); afterwards Mary, Daughter to Sir William Cockaine, Knight, Alderman of London; and thirdly, Margaret, Daugh∣ter
to James, Earl of Marrey, in Scotland; by whom he had Issue, James, who died unmarried; and Charles.
Which Charles succeeding him in his Honours, Married Arabella, Daughter of ...... Smith of ....... but, as yet, hath not any Issue; so that Francis Howard of Great-Buckham, in Com. Surr. Esq (Son and Heir to Sir Charles How∣ard, Knight; Son and Heir to Sir Francis Howard, Knight; Brother and Heir to Sir Edward Howard, Knight, Cup-bearer to King James the First; Son and Heir to William Howard of Lingfield, in Com. Surr. second Son to William Lord Howard of Effingham) is his next expectant Heir Male.
ILLA tamen (ut mortuo constaret Regius honos) exequias ut regi amico in Templo Paulino Londini magna pompa persolvit. Simulque per Carolum, Baronis Howardi Effinghamii filium, Francisco successori de patris obitu condo∣let, & de successoris gratia, ut amicitiam nuper initam Sanctè coleret, admonet.
ILLI enim aliis curis erant occupatissimi, & Hispanus totus in nuptiis appa∣randis cum Anna Austriaca, Imperatoris Maximiliani filia, sua ipsius è sorore nepte, quae hoc tempore è Zelandia Hispaniam versus solvit. Ad quam per mare Britannicum in Hispaniam deducendam, Elizabetha Carolum Howardum cum Bel∣licosa Classe, & selectis nobilibus misit. Summa cum honoris, & amoris in Au∣striacam familiam festificatione.
INeunte hoc anno diem obiit Edwardus Clintonus, maris Praefectus, sive Admiral∣lus, qui Comes Lincolniae anno MDLXXII. ab Elizabetha creatus, Winde∣sorae sepultus, & fines sepulchrali inscriptione falsò cognominatus, quod adnoto, non ut arguam, sed ne ipse arguar. Successit in dignitate Henricus, filius, in maris Praefectura, Carolus Effinghamius Reginae Camerarius. Illi autem eo in munere successit Baro Hunsdonius, Bervici Praefectus.
ELizabetha Dei Gratia Regina Angliae, Franciae, & Hiberniae, &c.
Omnibus ad quos praesentes Literae pervenerint, Salutem.
Sciatis quod nos ob certas causas & considerationes nos specialiter moventes, ac in consideratione boni, veri, & fidelis servitii, per dilectum Conciliarium nostrum Carolum Dominum Howard, praeclari ordinis Garterii Militem, Baronem de Effingham, ante haec tempora facti, & impensi, de gratia nostra speciali, ac ex certa scientia, & mero motu, nostris de∣dimus, & concessimus, ac per praesentes pro nobis, haeredibus, & successoribus no∣stris, damus, & concedimus eidem Carolo, Officium magni Admiralli nostri An∣gliae, Hiberniae, Walliae, ac Dominiorum, & Insularum eorundem, Villae nostrae Ca∣lesiae, & Marchiarum nostrarum ejusdem, Normanum Gasoonum, & Aquitanum, ac ipsum Dominum Carolum, magnum Admirallum nostrum Angliae, Hiberniz, & Walliae, ac Dominiorum, & Insularum nostrarum eorundem, Villae nostrae Ca∣lesiae, & Marchiarum nostrarum ejusdem, Normanum Gasconum, & Aquitanum, necnon Praefectum Generalem Classis, & Marium dictorum regnorum nostrorum An∣gliae & Hiberniae, ac Dominorium, & Insularum nostrarum eorundem, fecimus, consti∣tuimus, & ordinavimus, ac per praesentes facimus, constituimus, & ordinamus. Et ulteriùs sciatis quòd nos de Gratia nostra speciali, ac ex certa scientia, & mero motu,
nostris dedimus, & concessimus, ac per praesentes pro nobis, haeredibus, & successo∣ribus nostris, damus, & concedimus eidem Domino Carolo, magno Admirallo nostro Angliae, ac Praefecto Classis, & Marium nostrorum praedicta omnia, & omnimodas ju∣risdictiones, autoritates, libertates, officia, feoda, profitus, vada, emolumenta, wreca maris, & maris ejectum, regarda, advantagia, commoditates, praeminentia, & privilegia quaecunque, eidem officio magni Admiralli nostri Angliae, & Hiberniae, & locorum, & Dominiorum praedictorum qualitercunque spectantium, & pertinen∣tium, sive incumbentium, vel aliquo modo ab antiquo & perantea debitorum, sive consuetorum. Necnon tam bona & catalla quorumcunque praedictorum Pirato∣rum, homicidarum, & felonum qualitercunque, infra jurisdictionem Admiralitatis nostrae Angliae inferiùs limitatam, delinquentium; quàm bona, debita, & catalla omnium & singulorum eorum manutenentium, accessariorum, consulentium, auxi∣liantium, vel assistentium quorumcunque, & eorum cujuslibet; atque etiam bona debita, & catalla quarumcunque personarum, felonum de se, & cujuslibet personae, felonis de se, infra praedictam nostram jurisdictionem Admiralitatis nostrae Angliae praedictae, quovis modo seu qualitercunque, ad mortem devenientium, ubicunque bona, debita, vel catalla hujusmodi, aut aliqua parcella eorundem per mare, aquam, vel terram, infra Regna nostra praedicta, seu dominia nostra eorundem, tam infra libertates, quam extra, fuerint inventa, seu invenienda, forisfacta, seu forisfacienda, vel existentia quaecunque: Et etiam bona, debita, & catalla quarumcunque aliarum personarum, felonum de se, & cujuslibet aliae personae felonis de se, infra ju∣risdictionem, nostram praedictam reperta, seu reperienda, aut contingentia quae∣cunque. Et praeterea tam bona, debita, & catalla, quorumcunque aliorum praedictorum felonum, & homicidarum, ubique locorum delinquentium: ac bona, debita, & catalla eorum manutenentium, accessariorum, consulentium, auxilianti∣um, seu assistentium; quam etiam bona, debita, & catalla, quorumcunque fugiti∣vorum, convictorum, attinctorum, damnatorum, utlegatorum, vel exigendorum, pro productione felonum, homicidarum, vel murdra, seu aliquo quocunque offen∣so, aut delicto, qualitercunque positorum sive ponendorum. Necnon & bona naviata, flotzon, jetzon, lagon, & shares, ac thesaurum inventum, seu inveniendum deodanda; ac bona inimicorum per derelicta, habita, vel habenda, seu casu fortuito reperta, seu reperienda, vel qualitercunque debita, seu debenda. Necnon omnia bona, mercimonia, & catalla deperdita in mare inventa, seu extra mare projecta. Atque etiam omnia & singula alia casualia, tam in, super, vel per mare, litora, crecas, aut costera maris vel partes maritimas, quàm in, super, vel per aquas dulces, portus, flumina publica, rivos; seu crecas quascunque, aut loca superundata quae∣cunque infra fluxum, vel refluxum maris, seu aquae ad plenitudinem, aut super litora, vel ripas alicujus eorundem, à quibuscunque primis pontibus versus mare per Regnum nostrum Angliae, aut Hiberniae, seu Dominia nostra praedicta qualitercun∣que, quandocunque, vel quomodocunque emergentium, contingentium, seu prove∣nientium quaecunque vel ubicunque, bona, debita, vel catalla hujusmodi aut caetera praemissa, seu aliqua parcella eorundem infra jurisdictionem nostram Admiralitatis nostrae Angliae praedictae, reperiantur, aut inveniri, seu reperiri contingunt, vel quae ad vos nunc pertinent, aut unquam à Festo Nativitatis Domini, quod fuit in anno regni nostri decimo septimo, quovis modo pertinuerunt seu pertinere debue∣runt aut debent ullo modo, & ad manus vel notitiam nostram, & ministrorum no∣strorum, nondum pervenerint, nec in scaccarium nostrum relata fuerint, Areriam, Anchoragiam, Beochonagiam, seu signa per mare, vel portus, seu publica flumina sive litora, & promontoria alicujus eorundem, pro directione navium erecta, & lastagia, seu arenosam navium onerationem, atque Pisces regales, videlicet Sturgi∣ones, Balenas, Cetas, Porpesias, Delphinos, Rigges, & Graspes, ac generaliter caete∣ros Pisces quoscunque magnam sive ingentem crassitudinem, sive pinguedinem in se habentes, eidem officio magni Admiralli nostri Angliae, ab antiquo de jure, vel consuetudine pertinentia, seu spectantia, aut aliquo modo consueta. Et insuper omnes & omnimodas fines, mulctas, exitus, forisfacta, amerciamenta, redempti∣ones,
ac Recognitiones quascunque, forisfacta, & poenas pecuniarum pro transgressi∣onibus, delictis, injuriis, extorfionibus, contemptibus, & aliis maleficiis quibuscun∣que, vel pro aliqua alia re, materia, seu causa quacunque imposita vel inflicta, aut imponenda, vel infligenda, tam coram dicto magno Admirallo nostro Angliae seu aliquo ejus locum tenente, Officiario, Commissario, Vice-admirallo, sive Deputato, vigore harum literarum nostrarum patentium per eum assignandis, vel deputandis in aliqua Curia Admiralitatis nostrae Angliae praedictae, tentae, seu tenendae, praesentatae sive praesentandae, assidendae, afferendae, forisfaciendae, vel adjudicandae, quam etiam amerciamenta, exitus, fines, perquisita, mulcta, & poenas pecuniarum quaecunque, ac forisfactarum quarumcunque Recognitionum coram dicto magno Ad∣mirallo nostro Angliae, ejusve locum tenente, Vice-admirallo, Deputato, vel De∣putatis, ac aliis Justiciariis nostris, seu haeredum vel successorum nostrorum, Ad∣miralitatis nostrae Angliae praedictae, vel quatuor eorundem, ad omnes productiones felonum, roberias, murdras, homicidia, confederationes, ac alia offensa, transgres∣siones, contemptus, misprisionum spoliationes, & malesicia infra jurisdictionem no∣stram maritimam commissa, sive committenda, audienda, & terminanda, per literas nostras commissionales patentes, haeredum, vel successorum nostrorum, juxta statuta inde edita, & consuetudinem Curiae principalis Admiralitatis nostrae Angliae praedictae sub magno Sigillo Angliae factas & fiendas, assignatas, sive assignandas, contingentes sive impositas, aut imponendas, vel infligendas, sive aliquo modo assidendas, afferendas, forisfaciendas, seu adjudicandas, aut aliquo modo occasione praemissorum nobis, vel haeredibus, seu successoribus nostris, in ea parte qualitercunque debitas, seu deben∣das, & quaecunque eadem omnia, & singula petendas, exigendas, levandas, capiendas, recipiendas, & obtinendas, ac liberè disponendas, habendas, gaudendas, occupan∣das, exercendas, dictum officium magni Admiralli nostri Angliae, Hiberniae, Walliae, Calesiae, & Marchiarum eorundem, Normanum, Gasconum, & Aquitanum, ac Praefectum generalem Classis & Marium nostrorum praedictorum, eidem Carolo, pro termino vitae suae per se vel per sufficientem Deputatum sive Deputatos suos sufficientes, unà cum omnibus & singulis praemissis, ac rebus aliis quibuscunque ei∣dem officio magni Admiralli nostri Angliae quovis modo pertinentibus, devenienti∣bus, incumbentibus, sive spectantibus, seu perantea, ab antiquo debitis, vel con∣suetis, absque compoto, seu aliquo alio, nobis, haeredibus, vel successoribus nostris pro∣inde reddendis, solvendis, seu faciendis, aliquibus statutis, actibus, ordinationibus, pro∣hibitionibus, aut restrictionibus, in contrarium factis, editis, ordinatis, vel provisis, aut aliqua alia re, materia, seu causa quacunque, in aliquo non obstante. Et insuper ex uberiori gratia nostra speciali, ac ex certa scientia, & mero motu, nostris concessimus, ac per praesentes pro nobis, haeredibus, & successoribus nostris, damus & conce∣dimus praedicto Carolo, magno Admirallo nostro Angliae praedictae, quandam an∣nuitatem, sive annualem redditum ducentarum marcarum legalis monetae Angliae, unà cum omnibus & singulis caeteris praemissis; habendum, gaudendum, & annu∣atim percipiendum, praedìctam annuitatem sive annualem redditum ducentarum marcarum praefato Carolo, magno Admirallo nostro Angliae, ac Praefecto Classis & Marium nostrorum praedictorum, & assignatis suis pro termino vitae ejusdem Caro∣li, à Festo Annunciationis beatae Mariae Virginis ultimo praeterito, de thesauro no∣stro, haeredum & successorum nostrorum, ad Receptum Scaccarii nostri, haeredum, & successorum nostrorum, per manus thesaurariorum & Camerariorum nostrorum dicti Seaccarii pro tempore existentium, ad quatuor anni terminos, videlicet, ad Festa Nativitatis Sancti Johannis Baptistae, Sancti Michaelis Archangeli, Natalis Do∣mini, & Annunciationis beatae Mariae Virginis, per aequales portiones solvendum; & praeterea de uberiori gratia nostra, ac ex certa scientia, & mero motu, nostris de∣dimus, & concessimus, ac per praesentes pro nobis, haeredibus, & successoribus nostris damus, & concedimus praefato Carolo, magno Admirallo nostro Angliae, & Praefecto generali Classis, & Marium nostrorum praedictorum, plenam jurisdicti∣onem, potestatem, & autoritatem, audiendi, examinandi, & terminandi causas quascunque civiles, & maritimas, atque querelas, contractus, delicta, seu quasi
delicta, crimina, placita, debita, excambia, assecurationes, compotos, literas parti∣tas, conventiones, chirographia, oneratus navium, omniaque negotia & contractus, quae nauta pro navibus conductis, & locatis debitis pecuniam trajectis, seu nautis fevdus quovis modo tangunt, seu aliquo modo concernunt, lites, transgressiones, inju∣rias, extorsiones, & demanda, ac negotia civilia & maritima quaecunque, inter mercatores, aut inter Dominos & proprietarios navium, & aliorum vasorum, & mercatores, seu alios quoscunque, cum eisdem Dominis & proprietariis navium, & caeterorum vasorum quorumcunque, infra jurisdictionem nostram maritimam Admiralitatis nostrae Angliae praedictae occupatorum, vel usitatorum, seu inter quas∣cunque alias personas qualitercunque habitas, factas, initas, sive contractas, pro aliqua re, materia, seu causa, vel negotio, seu injuria quacunque, tam in, super, vel per mare, aut flumina publica, seu aquas dulces, portus, rivos, seu crecas, & loca superundata quaecunque infra fluxum, & refluxum maris, & aquae ad plenitudi∣nem, vel super litora, seu ripas quascunque eisdem vel eorum alicui adjacentes à quibuscunque primis pontibus versus mare, per dicta Regna nostra Angliae, & Hi∣berniae, seu Dominia nostra eorundem supradicta, vel alibi ultra mare, aut in par∣tibus ultramarinis quibuscunque expeditas, seu expediendas, unà cum omnibus & singulis suis incidentibus, emergentibus, dependentibus, annexis, & connexis cau∣sis quibuscunque, ubicunque, seu qualitercunque hujusmodi causas, querelas, con∣tractus, & alia praemissa supradicta, vel eorum aliquod oriri, celebrari, contrahi, vel fieri contingat; atque insuper causas, appellationes, & nullitates querelarum, ex causis praedictis, seu earum aliqua à quibuscunque Judicibus, Justiciariis, Vice-ad∣mirallis, Majoribus, Vice-comitibus, Senescallis, Ballivis, seu aliis officiariis, vel ministris nostris quibuscunque ad Curiam nostram principalem Admiralitatis nostrae Angliae praedictae interpositis, seu interponendis, cum omnibus & singulis suis emergentibus, dependentibus, connexis, & annexis, causis & negotiis quibus∣cunque, juxta leges nostras civiles, & maritimas, ac consuetudinem Curiae nostrae principalis Admiralitatis nostrae praedictae, in eadem Curia nostra audendis, & ter∣minandis, cum plena potestate, & autoritate nostris inhibendum, prohibendum & supersedere faciendum, & wavedandum, omnibus & singulis, quibus in ea parte fuerit inhibendum supersedendum, vel prohibendum, quod ipsi, aut eorum ali∣quis ponendus, in dicta Curia nostra hujusmodi appellationibus sive nullitatibus, querelis, negotiis indiscussis, ulteriùs in ea parte procedere minime attemptent, ne∣que attemptet, sub poenas arbitrio dicti magni Admiralli nostri in ea parte limitandas, seu interponendas. Necnon querelas omnium & singulorum contractuum, con∣ventuum, ac causarum, & negotiorum civilium, & maritimorum, ultra mare per∣ferendorum, seu ultra mare contractorum, aut in hoc regno nostro Angliae, vel dicto Regno nostro Hiberniae, vel aliquo alio Dominio nostro eorundem perimplendorum, seu perficiendorum qualitercunque emergentium seu contingentium, atque etiam cognitionem caeterorum omnium & singulorum, quae ad officium magni Admiralli nostri Angliae, & Praefecti generalis Classis, & Marium nostrorum praedictorum, vel jurisdictionem nostram maritimam, nostrae Admiralitatis Angliae praedictae quovis mo∣do tangunt, seu aliquo modo concernunt, aut ab antiquo debuerunt, aut debent, & generaliter ad cognoscendum, & procedendum, in omnibus & singulis aliis causis, litibus, delictis, excessibus, querelis, injuriis, maleficiis, seu quasi maleficiis, trans∣gressionibus, regretis, forstallis, & negotiis maritimis quibuscunque per regna no∣stra, & loca praedicta infra jurisdictionem nostram maritimam Admiralitatis nostrae Angliae praedictae per mare, vel aquam, aut ripas, seu litora eorundem qualitercunque factis, commissis, perpetratis, aut emergentibus, unà cum potestate, & autoritate recognitionum quarumcunque, pro conventis, seu dibitis quibuscunque capiendis, eisque executioni ponendis, & exequi faciendis & mandandis. Necnon naves, personas, res, bona, merces, & mercimonia quaecunque pro praemissis, & eorum quolibet, ac aliis causis quibuscunque eadem concernentibus, ubicunque locorum fuerint reperta, seu inventa, per Regna, seu Dominia nostra praedicta infra liberta∣res, seu extra. Areriam pro aliis conventis, causis seu debitis civilibus quibuscun∣que,
qualitercunque contractis, sive emergentibus, dummodo bona, seu personae de∣bitorum reperiuntur infra jurisdictionem Admiralitatis nostrae praedictae, juxta leges nostras civiles & maritimas, ac Consuetudinem Curiae nostrae principalis Admirali∣tatis nostrae Angliae praedictae ab antiquo usitatam, realiter arrestandum, & arrestari faciendum & mandandum, ipsasque, & ipsa cum suis emergentibus, dependentibus, incidentibus, annexis, & connexis causis & negotiis quibuscunque, juxta leges & consuetudines praedictas, aliisque viis, modis, & mediis omnibus & singulis, qui∣bus idem magnus Admirallus noster, & Praefectus generalis Classis & Marium no∣strorum praedictorum melius sciverit, aut potuerit, audiendum, examinandum, discu∣tiendum, & fine debito terminandum, ac personas quascunque in ea parte, prout casus exiget in dicta Curia Admiralitatis nostrae Angliae praedictae, coram dicto Ad∣mirallo nostro Angliae, seu ejus Deputato quocunque, seu Deputatis, comparere, & respondere cum qualibet cohibitione temporali, ac cum suis alternis poenis, mulcta, potestate, juxta leges & consuetudines praedictas compellandum, ac justici∣am faciendum, & ministrandum, etiam juris ordine servato, seu velo levato, sive strepitu & figurâ judicii solâ factâ, & rei veritate inspectâ procedendum. Nec∣non ad inquirendum per sacramenta proborum & legalium hominum, tam infra li∣bertates quam extra, de omnibus & singulis quae de jure, statutis, ordinatis, vel consuetudinibus Curiae nostrae principalis Admiralitatis nostrae Angliae praedictae, ab antiquo inquiri solent, vel deberent, eosque contemptores, ac juris & jurisdictonis nostrorum praedictorum violatores, & usurpatores, delinquentes, & contumaciter absentes, naucleros, marinarios, remiges, piscatores, & alios operarios, & expertes quoscunque, res nauticas quascunque exercentes, tam juxta & secundùm leges no∣stras civiles, & maritimas, ac ordinationes, & consuetudines praedictas, & eorum demerita, quàm juxta, & secundùm statuta regni nostri Angliae in ea parte edita, & provisa, mulctandum, corrigendum, puniendum, castigandum, & reformandum, ac in quibuscunque carceribus nostris, ubique locorum, infra Regna & Dominia nostra praedicta, incarcerari faciendum, & mandandum, incarceratosque quos∣cunque, qui deliberandi fuerint deliberandum, & penitùs exonerandum, & exone∣rari faciendum, & mandandum, fluminaque nostra publica, portus, rivos, & aquas dulces, ac crecas quascunque, infra jurisdictionem nostram maritimam, ubicunque locorum, infra regna & Dominia nostra praedicta existentia, pro conservatione tam Classis nostrae, ac Classis & Navigiorum Regnorum & Dominiorum nostrorum prae∣dictorum, qùam piscium in iisdem fluminibus & locis praedictis crescentium quo∣rumcunque. Necnon & ordinationes, & statuta quaecunque in ea parte edita & provisa, debitè conservandum, & conservari faciendum, subservatoresque deputan∣dum, & assignandum. Omniaque alia & singula faciendum, exercendum, expe∣diendum, & exequendum in praemissis, & eorum quolibet, prout de jure & se∣cundùm leges, statuta, & consuetudines praedictas fuerit faciendum. Necnon & re∣tia minus stricta, ac alia ingenia, sive instrumenta illicita quaecunque, ubique loco∣rum, per flumina publica, portus, rivos, aquas dulces, seu crecas quascunque, in∣fra jurisdictionem nostram Admiralitatis nostrae praedictae, per aquam occupata, sive exercita, ac exercitatores, & occupatores eorundem, juxta dicta statuta, & ordina∣tiones regni nostri Angliae praedictae, in contrarium edita & provisa, puniendum, corrigendum, & reformandum. Atque insuper tam naves & naviculas guerrinas, quàm quascunque alias naves & naviculas, seu vasa quaecunque, pro quibuscunque voyagiis, & negotiis nostris, vel expeditione eorundem. Necnon navigeros, nau∣tas, seu pilotas, navium magistros, naucleros, vibrillatores, sive bombardarios, ac marinarios, ac alias personas quascunque pro navibus, & naviculis, seu vasibus hu∣jusmodi aptas, & idoneas, de tempore in tempus, quoties necesse fuerit, ubicun∣que locorum, infra regna, & Dominia nostra praedicta, infra libertates & extra, congregandum, delegandum, retinendum, capiendum, arrestandum, deputandum, & assignandum absque interruptione sive impedimento per quemcunque alium in contrarium fiendum, cum plena jurisdictione, & potestate ad exequendum omnia & singula alia quae in ea parte per magnum Admirallum nostrum, & Praefectum
generalem Classis & Marium nostrorum praedictorum fieri possint, debent, vel so∣lent expediri, vel necesse fuerint expedienda, seu exequenda, aut prout eideni magno Admirallo nostro Angliae, & Praefecto Classis, & Marium nostrorum prae∣dictorum, de tempore in tempus magis expediens visum fuerit. Concessimus prae∣terea, ac de gratia nostra speciali, ac ex certa scientia, & mero motu; nostris de∣dimus, ac per praesentes pro nobis, haeredibus, & successoribus nostris, damus, & concedimus, eidem Carolo magno Admirallo nostro Angliae, & Praefecto generali Classis, & Marium nostrorum praedictorum, ac hujusmodi officio magni Admiralli nostri Angliae, & Praefecto generali Classis, & Marium nostrorum praedictorum, ac omnia & singula eidem officio pertinentia, & spectantia, per regna, & Dominia nostra, & quodlibet eorundem, meliùs, & commodiùs exequi, & perimplere va∣leat vel possit, plenam autoritatem, ac potestatem, quoties opus, & necesse fuerit ad incidendum, perficiendum, ordinandum, assignandum, faciendum, & constituen∣dum Locum tenentem, sive Locum tenentes, Judicem, sive Judices, Vice-admiral∣lum, sive Vice-admirallos, Commissarium, sive Commissarios, Praesidentem, sive Praesidentes, Registrarium, sive Registrarios, & omnes, ac omnimodos alios Officia∣rios & Ministros sub se necessarios, idoneos, & opportunos, pro dicto officio, & ex∣ercitio ejusdem in locis praedictis exercendum, pro termino vitae cujuslibet officiari∣orum & ministrorum hujusmodi duraturorum, deputandorum, & perficiendorum, vel ad bene placitum dicti magni Admiralli nostri Angliae praedictae, deputandorum, & assignandorum, ad omnia & singula praemissa, vice, & locis suis faciendum, & expediendum, statutaque, & ordinationes quascunque, in officio nostrae Admi∣ralitatis Angliae praedictae statuendum, & condendum, quoties opus fuerit, ac ea quae fuerint repellenda, repellendum. Necnon hujusmodi officiarium & mini∣strum, ac eorum quemlibet, ab hujusmodi officiis, & exercitio eorundem juxta ju∣ris & aequitatis exigentiam, ac dictae Curiae principalis Admiralitatis nostriae An∣gliae praedictae consuetudines, amovere, & expellere, ac alium, sive alios, eorum loco, sive locis, modo praemisso, ad ejue beneplacitum, vel pro termino vitae sub∣stituere, ordinare, facere, & deputare possit, & valeat, quoties magis expedi∣ens videbitur. Et insuper de uberiori gratia nostra volumus, ac per praesentes concedimus, quod hujusmodi officiarii, & ministri habeant, & percipiant omnia & singula vada, proficua, feoda, advantagia, & commoditates quaecunque eisdem officiis, & eorum cuilibet, juxta consuetudinem Curiae principalis Admiralitatis no∣strae Angliae praedictae, ab antiquo debita, & consueta, absque Compoto, seu aliquo alio, nobis, haeredibus, vel successoribus nostris proinde reddendum, solvendum, & faciendum. Et ulteriùs de uberiori gratia nostra speciali, ac ex certa scientia, & mero motu, nostris dedimus, & concessimus, ac per praesentes pro nobis, haere∣dibus, & successoribus nostris, damus, & concedimus praefato Carolo, magno Ad∣mirallo nostro Angliae, & Praefecto generali Classis, & Marium, nostrorum prae∣dictorum, & ejus Locum tenenti, sive Locum tenentibus, Judici, sive Judicibus, Vice-admirallo, sive Vice-admirallis, Deputato, sive Deputatis, Commissario, sive Commissariis, Praesidenti, sive Praesidentibus plenam potestatem, jurisdictionem & autoritatem in supradictis causis, negotiis, litibus, & querelis, delictis, criminibus, extorsionibus, maleficiis, & contractibus civilibus & maritimis, ac caeteris praemissis; unà cum omnibus & singulis suis emergentibus, incidentibus, connexis, dependen∣tibus, & annexis causis, & negotiis quibuscunque cognoscendum, & procedendum, easque, & ea audiendum, examinandum, terminandum, & finiendum, ac fenten∣tias, & decreta quaecunque in ea parte fulminandum, promulgandum, & inter∣ponendum, eaque executioni demandandum, cum cognitione & plena jurisdi∣ctione, quarumcunque aliarum causarum Civilium & Maritimarum, quae sunt maris, seu quae mare pertranseunt, sive passagiunt, aut iter navale, sive voyagium mariti∣mum, vel jurisdictionem nostram maritimam supradictam quovis modo concer∣nunt seu respiciunt, aut super mare fluminibus publicis, seu portubus, rivis, aquis dulcibus, crecis, vel locis praedictis qualitercunque expeditis vel expediendis, etiam cum potestate ad procedendum in eisdem, juxta leges civiles nostras & maritimas,
ac consuetudinem Curiae principalis nostrae Admiralitatis Angliae praedictae ab anti∣quo usitatis, tam ex officio mero mixto, vel promoto, seu ad alicujus partis in∣stantiam prout casus exiget, & expediens visum fuerit. Volumus etiam ac per praesentes concedimus, quod praefatus Carolus, magnus Admirallus Angliae, & Prae∣fectus Classis, & Marium nostrorum praedictorum, & ejus locum tenens, sive locum tenentes, ac caeteri ejus officiarii, & ministri praedicti habeant cognitionem de wreco maris magni, ac de morte, submersione, & visu corporum mortuorum quarumcun∣que personarum, in mare, vel fluminibus publicis, portubus, aquis dulcibus, sen crecis quibuscunque, infra fluxum maris, vel aquae praedictae ad plentitudinem per dicta Regna nostra, & Dominia praedicta, ac jurisdictionem Admiralitatis nostrae prae∣dictae qualitercunque interfectarum, sive subversarum, aut interficiendarum, sive subversendarum, vel murderatarum, sive murderandarum, aut aliquo alio modo ibidem ad mortem deveniendarum. Necnon per jurisdictionem Admiralitatis nostrae praedictae, custodiam, & conservationem, statutorum nostrorum de wreco maris, & de officio Coronatoris, annis, tertio & quarto Edwardi Primi, atque statutum de bonis spoliatis super mare venientibus in hoc Regnum nostrum Angliae, Anno vicesimo septimo Edwardi Tertii progenitorum nostrorum, quondam Regnum Angliae respective editum, & provisum, atque cognitionem de Mahemio in locis praedictis infra fluxum maris, & aquae ad plenitudinem contingentibus cum potestate etiam puniendi delinquentes in ea parte quoscunque, juxta juris exigentiam, ac Curiae nostrae Admiralitatis praedictae consuetudinem. Eò quòd expressa mentio de vero valore annuo, vel certitudine praemissorum, sive eorum alicujus, aut de aliis donis, sive concessionibus per nos, seu aliquem progenitorum nostrorum praedictorum ante haec tempora factis, in praesentibus minimè facta existunt, aut aliquo statuto, actu, ordinatione, provisione, prohibitione, sive restrictione praesentibus literis nostris patentibus, sive alicui parti seu clausulae in eisdem expressis, vel insertis, repugnan∣tibus, derogatoriis aut contrariis quibuscunque in contrarium factis, editis, ordina∣tis, seu provisis, seu aliqua alia re, causa, vel materia quacunque in aliquo non ob∣stante, mandantes, ac firmiter & strictè tenore praesentium, percipiendum, atque per dictum magnum Admirallum, ac Praefectum nostrum generalem ex parte no∣stra percipi & mandari volentes universis, & singulis Proceribus, Dominis Justici∣ariis, Majoribus, Vice-comitibus, Capitaneis, Senescallis, Ballivis, Custodibus Gao∣lorum, & carcerum nostrorum quorumcunque, Constabulariisque, ac caeteris Mini∣stris, & fidelibus Subditis, & Ligeis nostris quibuscunque & eorum cuilibet infra libertates & extra, quòd praefato Domino Carolo, magno Admirallo nostro An∣gliae & Praefecto generali Classis, & Marium nostrorum praedictorum, ac officiaris, deputatis, & ministris suis quibuscunque, & eorum cuilibet, in praedicto officio Admiralitatis nostrae assignatis sive assignandis, circa executionem praemissorum, in∣tendentes, auxiliantes, faventes, pariter & obedientes sint, ac quòd mandatis & praeceptis quibuscunque, eis, vel eorum alicui, ex parte nostra per dictum Caro∣lum, magnum Admirallum nostrum Angliae, ac Praefectum generalem Classis, & Marium nostrorum praedictorum, vel ejus nomine directè pareant sub poena con∣temptûs istarum literarum nostrarum patentium, & sub periculo incumbentium. In cujus rei, &c.
Teste regina apud Westmonasterium octavo die Julii, Anno Regni Reginae Elizabethae.
Per ipsam Reginam. Concordatum cum Recordo & Extractum per me S. Killingworth.
ELizabetha contra, ne incauta opprimeretur, Classem quantum posset maximam, & omnia ad bellum necessaria singulari studio apparat. Et ipsa quae in in∣geniis dignoscendis, judicio acerrimo, & cum soluta sibi fuerit eligendi optio, non de aliorum commendatione, semper felicissinia, ad singula munia optimos nomina∣tim dessignavit. Universae verò Classis Praefectum, Carolum Howardum Effingha∣mium, Angliae thalassiarcham sive Admirallum. De cujus felicitate optimè sibi per∣suaserat, quem rei maritimae gnarum, providentia cautum, animo fortem, in agen∣do industrium, & magna inter Classiarios authoritate, tum ex moderatione, tum ex nobilitate noverat. Eum ad occiduas Angliae partes tempestivè mittit, ubi Dra∣cum, quem subthalassiarcham constituit, ibi adjunxit. Henricum Seimorum, filium secundo genitum Ducis Somersetti, ad oram Belgicam cum quadraginta na∣vibus Anglicis, & Belgicis, ne qua Parmensis tum suis copiis egrederetur, excubare jubet, etsi non deerant, qui hostem expectandum, & terrestri praelio excipiendum summoperè suaserunt, juxta quod deliberatum fuerat, regnante Henrico Octavo cum Galli numerosâ Classe Angliae imminerent.
CLassis illa Hispanica, viris, machinis, & omni apparatu, omnium quas oceanus unquam vidit, longè instructissima, & arroganti nomine invincibilis dicta, constabat è centum & triginta navibus, in quibus milites XIXMCCXC nautae, VIIIMCCCL. remiges, catenati IIMLXXX, tormenta majora IIMDCXXX. Praeerat cum summo imperio Alphonsus Pererius Gusmanus, Dux Medinae Sidoniae, (Antonius enim Columna Dux Paliani, & Marchio Sanctae Crucis, quibus hoc im∣perium destinatum, dum apparabatur, diem obierant) & sub eo Johannes Marti∣nus Recaldus, in re nautica versatissimus. Tertio Calendarum Junii è Tago solvit, dumque cursum ad Corunnam Galliciae intendit, horrida tempestate tota erat disjecta; tribus triremibus Davidis Gwini, mancipii Anglici opera, & remigum Turcicorum perfidia, in Galliam abductis, & aegrè post aliquot dies ad Corunnam, & statio∣nes vicinas convenit. Adeò afflictam fama perhibuit, ut Reginae persuasissimum fuerit, classem illam hoc anno non expectandam, & Walsinghamius à secretis ad Admirallum scripserit, ut quatuor è maximis navibus remitteret, quasi bello jam confecto. Ille haud facile credidit, mollique responso, ne quid temerè in re tanta crederetur, utque eas vel propriis impensis retineret, rogavit. Et vento favente usus, Hispaniam versus vela pandit, ut afflictas hostium naves in stationibus op∣primeret. Cum non longè ab Hispaniae ora abesset, ventus in notum mutavit, & ille, qui jussus ut Angliae oram tueretur, veritus ne eodum vento illi inconspecti in Angliam appellerentur, Plimoutham rediit.
NEC visum Angliae Admirallo conserte per harpagines aleam belli subire, & quod nonnulli inconsiderati suaserunt. Hostes enim justum exercitum in classe habuerunt, ille nullum. Eorum naves erant numero longè plures, mole majores, robore firmiores, structura altiores, ut à desuper propugnantibus è tabula∣tis, nihil nisi certum exitium inferiùs oppugnantibus immineret. Perviditque cladem multo magis sibi obfuturam, quam victoriam profuturam. Victus enim regnum Angliae in ultimum discrimen adduxisset, victor, tantum gloriolam de classe supe∣rata, & hoste caeso retulisset.
POstridiè Admirallus, Thomam Howardum, Baronem Sheffeildum, Rogerum Townsendum, Johannem Hawkinsum, & Martinum Forbesherum ob fortitu∣dinem equestri dignitate ornavit. Deliberatumque jam inde hostem non adoriri, priusquam ad fretum Britannicum pervenirint, ubi Henricus Seimorus, & Guiliel∣mus Winterus, eorum adventum praestolabantur. Ita secundo Etesiarum flatu (qui nostro coelo à Libanoto sereni plerumque spirant) Hispanica classis, Anglia subse∣quente, provehitur. Tantum autem abfuit ut invincibili nomine, aut terribili specta∣culo oram maritimam terruerit, ut juventus Anglica incredibili quadam alacritate (parentibus, uxoribus, liberis, cognatis, & amicis, ex intima in patriam charitate, derelictis) navigiis undique privatis impensis conductis, se Classi magno numero ad∣junxerit, & inter alios, Comites Oxoniae, Northumberlandiae, Cumberlandiae, Tho∣mas & Robertus Cecilii, H. Brookus, Carolus Bluntus, Walterus Raleighus, Gui∣lielmus Hattonus, Robertus Carius, Ambrosius Willoughbeius, Thomas Gerardus, Arthurus Georgaeus, & alii clarioris notae.
AT diligentiam ejus & spem credulam Hispanorum praevertit Elizabethae pro∣videntia, cujus jussu, postridiè quam Hispani anchoras fixerunt, Admirallus naves octo ex vilioribus, igne Graeco, pice, resina illitas, sulphure, varioque ignis fomite repletas, ductu Youngi & Prowsi, vento ferente in Hispanicam classem nocte intempesta immisit. Quas, ut propius adventantes Hispani conspexerunt, toto mari flammis collucente, rati naves illas incendiarias, praeter ignis periculum, exitialibus etiam machinis instructas fuisse, ululabili quodam clamore sublato, anchoras tollunt, rudentes dissecant, vela expandunt, remos incitant, & terribili pannico horrore per∣culsi, repentino impetu, in fugam confusissimè proruunt. Inter quas, Galeassa prae∣toria gubernaculo fracto fluitans, dum die sequente trepidè Caletum petit, arenae illisa, ab Amia Prestono, Thoma Gerardo, & Harveio ancipiti pugna occupatur, Hugone Moncada Praefecto occiso, militibus, & remigibus, vel aqua haustis, vel gladio peremtis, magna vi auri in praedam abrepta. Navigium & tormenta Ca∣leti praefecto cesserunt.
ELizabetha similiter supplicationem & gratiarum actionem per omnes Angliae Ecclesias decrevit, ipsaque, quasi triumphum agens, cum spectatissimo nobili∣um agmine per plateas Londini, coeruleo panno vestitos, & civium societates cum suis Banneriis pulcherrimo spectaculo utrinque adstantes, pilento bijugi, (nec qua∣drijuga adhuc principibus in usu, ut hodie privatis) Templum Paulinum adiit (ubi vexilla hosti rapta, proposita) gratias divino numini demisissimè egit, & conci∣oni, qua Deo soli gloria relata, interfuit. Admirallo quosdam reditus ob operam tam feliciter navatam, assignavit, eum & navium Praefectos, ut patriae conservandae natos, subinde laudavit. Caeteros nominatim, quoties vidit, ut praeclarè meritos gratanter salutavit, (quod instar praemii illi habuerunt) saucios atque egentiores pensionibus honestis remuneravit. Eruditi vero domi forisque, animis Laeti∣tia praegestientibus, victoriae congratulantes, triumphalia omnibus linguis cecine∣runt.
NOT many days passed before a far greater and more choice Army was raised in England, into which many Noblemen and Gentlemen voluntarily listed themselves. For a constant rumor grew every day stronger and stronger, That the Spaniard, with all his might and main, prepared for War against England and Ire∣land; encouraged the rather, because he was now in possession of Calice (from whence it was but a short cut over into England). Hawkin's and Drake's voyage had had ill success; and the Irish Rebels earnestly urged the succours out of Spain. The queen to scatter this Storm that was gathering, supposed it the best course to set upon the Enemy in his own Ports; and to that end rigged a Fleet of 150 Ships, whereof 17 were of her Navy-Royal, 22 Low-Country Ships, which the Confederate Estates joyned with hers, the rest Pinnaces and Victualers. In these were 6360 Souldiers under pay, Volunteer Gentlemen 1000, Seamen 6772, besides Low-Country-men. Robert Earl of Essex, and Charles Howard, Lord Admiral of England, who were at great Charges towards this expidition out of their own Estates, were made Commanders in chief, with equal Authority, under the title of Generals; yet so, as the Lord Admiral should have the principal Authority and Dignity at Sea, the Earl of Essex at Land. To these were joyned for a Council of War, the Lord Thomas Howard, Sir Walter Raleigh, Sir Francis Vere, Sir George Carew, and Sir Coniers Clifford. The whole Fleet was divided into four Squadrons; the first the Lord Admiral commanded, the Earl of Essex the second, the Lord Thomas Howard the third, and Sir Walter Raleigh the fourth. The Officers of the Army were, Sir Francis Vere, Lieutenant-General, or Marshal; Sir John Wingfield, Quarter-master-general; Sir George Carew, Master of the Ordnance; Sir Coniers Clifford, Serjant-major. The Colonels were, Robert, Earl of Sussex, Sir Christopher Blunt, Sir Thomas Gerrard, Sir Richard Wingfield, Sir Edward Wingfield, Captain of the Volunteers, and Anthony Astley, Secretary of the Council of War, who was to re∣gister the Councels with every Man's Reasons, and to record all their Actions, and Enterprises.
UPON Sunday, the 20th of June, betimes in the Morning, they cast Anchor, near Saint Sebastian's Chappel, on the West side of the Island. Essex, full of courage and youthful heat, was of opinion, That the Forces were presently to be Landed. Raleigh, and especially the Lord Admiral were of a contrary mind; which Lord never approved of rash and heady Councels; yet upon much in∣treaty, he consented that some should make trial, Whether they could convenient∣ly Land there, but all in vain, the Sea beating violently with vast Waves up∣on the Shoar.
THE English Ships, which, by reason of the shallowness of the Chanal, could not hitherto come near them, now, when it was flood, came in with great alacrity. Essex also with his Ship, thrust himself into the midst of the Eight; as likewise did the Admiral himself, with his Son. In the Miranora they Fought smartly, from break of day till noon; when the Spaniards (their Gal∣leons being shot through and through, and miserably torn, and many Men slain in them) resolved to fire their Ships, or run them a ground. Many of the Sea∣men, for fear, cast themselves over-board; some whereof got to the shoar, some were taken, some drowned, others as they swam, cried for Quarter, and the Admi∣ral pitying them, many of them were saved.
AT the same instant almost the Lord Admiral, with the Lord Thomas Howard, Sir William Paget, Raleigh, Sir Robert Southwell, Richard Levison, Philip Woodhouse, Robert Mansfield, and the Sea-men; Sir Edward Hobby bearing the Flag before them, following hastily, entred the Town. Now did the Spaniards give over Fighting, and retired into the Castle and Town-house. The Town-house was presently yielded, the other the next day after, upon these conditions; That the Citizens should depart in safety with the Garments they wore, and the rest should go to the Souldiers for pillage. That 520000 Ducats should be paid for their ransom, and for the payment thereof Forty of the principal Citizens should be sent as hostages into England. Shortly after Proclamation was made, That no Man should offer violence to the Spaniards. The Women, Church-men, and Citizens, were conveyed to Porta Santa Maria.
ABout Sixty Military Men were Knighted for their Valour: viz. Robert, Earl Sussex, Count Lodowick of Nassan, Don Christophero, a Portuguese, King An∣tonio's Son, Sir William Herbert, Sommerset Bourk, an Irish-man, William Howard, the Admiral's Son, Robert Dudley, George Devereux, Henry Nevill, Edwin Rich, Richard Levison, Anthony Astley, Henry Lennard, Horace Vere, Arthur Throgmorton, Miles Corbet, Edward Conway, Oliver Lambert, Anthony Cook, John Townsend, Chri∣stopher Heydon, Francis Popham, Philip Woodhouse, Alexander Clifford, Morrice Bark∣ley, Charles Blunt, George Gifford, Robert Cross, James Scudamore, Ʋrian Leigh, John Lea, Richard Weston, Richard Wainman, James Wotton, Richard Rudal, Robert Mansell, William Mounson, John Bowles, Edward Bowes, Humphrey Druell, Amias Pre∣ston, Robert Remington, Alexander Ratcliffe, John Buck, John Morgan, John Al∣drige, William Ashinden, Matthew Brown, Thomas Acton, Thomas Gates, John Staf∣ford, Gillie Merrick, Thomas Smith, William Pooly, Thomas Palmer, John Lovell, John Gilbert, William Harvey, John Grey, John Vanduvenvord, Melchior Lebben, Peter Regemort, Nicholas Medkirk.
ELizabetha Dei gratia Angliae, Franciae, & Hiberniae Regina, &c.
Universis, & singulis Archiepiscopis, Ducibus, Marchionibus, Comitibus, Vice-comiti∣bus, Episcopis, Baronibus, ac omnibus aliis ad quos praesentes literae pervenerint, Salutem.
Cum hi quos divina providentia in Monarchia & Regali solio constituit, & collocavit, ut in terris quasi Vicarii, coelestis illius Majestatis, benè, justè, & piè decent, & salutariter praesint regno, atque quaecunque suae custodiae, guberna∣tioni, & regimini, divinitùs mandatae, & commissae sunt. Ipsique monarchae in mo∣narchia sua idem repraesentant, quod oculi in corpore, quorum officium est dirigere omnia corporis membra, ita summi monarchae & principes, tanquam oculi reipub∣licae intentivè circumspicere & perlustare debeant, omnes status, & ordines imperii sui, sine quibus haud dubiè nullam civilem administrationem, nullam politiae guber∣nationem institui, aut fieri posse fatendum est. Atque usque necessaria est ordinum in magnis imperiis conservatio, & postquam viderint statum, & ordi∣nem nobilitatis temporis diuturnitate, antiquitate, vel aliter convulsum, immu∣nitum, conquassatum, aut, ut multa humaniter accidunt, morte afflictum & de∣bilitatum, maturè resarcire, instaurare, augere, & amplificare, ita quòd aliis quos cum virtutis suae, tum generis, & majorum suorum gloria nobilitavit, ad nobilitatem & honorem accitis, ordinem, & statum, in nitore, & splendore suo perpetuatim conservent. Jam idcirco videntes illustrem ordinem Comitum
hujus Regni, ex reliquis honorificum, & gloriosum, ex paucitate laborare, & com∣pertum habentes charissimum Consanguineum nostrum, Carolum Howard, Baronem Howard de Effingham, praenobilis ordinis Garterii Militem, se strenuè, & fortiter nobis gessisse, ante aliquot annos, ut supremus Admirallus Angliae, atque valdè egregia servicia, nobis, ac Regno nostro praestitisse, cum navibus, & Classe nostra Regia, & armata nostra, in Anno Domini millesimo quingentesimo octagisimo octavo, ac Regni nostri tricesimo, auspiciis nostris, ac favente Deo, aperto praelio navali ex∣pugnasse Classem Hispanicam paratam, ad invadendum Regnum nostrum, quan∣quam numero multo fuerint plures naves Hispanorum, Duce Medina Sidonia exer∣citus Hispanici supremo, Duce, & Capitaneo generali in fugam coactis, majorique parte suae Classis distructae aut submersae, & ea victoria parta Regnum nostrum tutum reddidit ab omni vel invasione Hispanica, vel suspicione periculi. Cumque etiam, eo facto, non desistebat à vindicta ulteriori sumenda contra Regem Hispaniae, ho∣stem Regni nostri, sed ut Archithalassiarcha conjunxit cum charissimo consanguineo nostro Roberto, Comite Essex, fortiter, & magnificè coepit, vi aperta, insulam, & urbem de Cadiz, fortiter munitam, in ulteriori Hispania, integramque aliam Classem Regis Hispaniae in dicto portu de Cadiz paratam, contra Regnum nostrum totaliter expugnavit, & destruxit. Volentes igitur ipsum Carolum, pro his rebus tam strenuè gestis, meritò, ad statum, honorem, & dignitatem Comitis Nottingham erigere, ac pro eo quòd praedictus Carolus Howard, Baro Howard de Effingham nuper, ac ne∣pos ortus, & prognatus, sit à nobili stripe, & familia dictorum Howardorum diu possidentium jure haereditario titulos Ducum Norfolciae, Comitum Warrennae, Surriae, & Nottinghamiae, quorum etiam multi ejusdem nominis, ac familiae, offi∣cia Admiralitatis Angliae, anteactis temporibus, & nominatim temporibus patris nostri Regis Henrici Octavi, fratrisque nostri Edwardi Sexti, ac sororis nostrae Re∣ginae Mariae, magna cum laude, & victoriis executi sunt. Sciatis quod nos de gratia nostra speciali, ac ex certa scientia, & mero motu nostris, praefatum Carolum in Comitem Nottinghamiae, nec non ad statum, gradum, dignitatem, & honorem Comitis Nottinghamiae ereximus, creavimus, & praefecimus, ipsumque Comitem Nottinghamium erigimus, creamus, & praefacimus, tenore praesentium; eidemque Carolo nomen, stilum, & titulum Comitis Nottingham imposuimus, dedimus, prae∣buimus, & imponimus, damus, praebemus, ac ipsum Carolum hujusmodi statu, ti∣tulo, honore, & dignitate Comitis Nottingham, per gladii cincturam, cape honoris, & circuli aurei impositionem imponimus, insignimus, investimus, & realiter nobili∣tamus, per praesentes habendum & tenendum, statum, gradum, dignitatem, stilum, titulum; necnon & honorem Comitis praedicti, cum omnibus & singulis praeemi∣nentiis, honoribus, caeterisque hujusmodi statutis Comiti Nottinghamiae pertinenti∣bus, sive spectantibus, praefato Carolo, & haeredibus masculis de corpore suo ex∣euntibus in perpetuum. Volentes, & per praesentes concedentes pro nobis, haeredibus, & successoribus nostris, quod praefatus Carolus, & haeredes sui prae∣dicti, nomen, stilum, gradum, dignitatem, statum, titulum, & honorem prae∣dictum, successivè gerant, & habeant, per nomen Comitis Nottinghamiae suc∣cessivè vocitentur & nuncupentur, & quilibet eorum vocitetur & nuncupetur. Et quòd idem Carolus, & haeredes sui praedicti successivè, ut Comites Not∣tinghamiae teneantur, tractentur, & reputentur, & eorum quilibet teneatur, tracte∣tur, & nuncupetur, habeantque, teneant, & possedeant, dictus Carolus, & haeredes sui praedicti, & eorum quilibet habeat, teneat, & possedeat sedem & locum in Parlia∣mentis nostris, haeredum, & successorum nostrorum, infra Regnum nostrum An∣gliae, inter alios Comites, ut Comes Nottinghamiae. Necnon dictus Carolus, & haeredes sui praedicti gaudeant, & utantur, & eorum quilibet gaudeat, & utatur, per nomen Comitis Nottinghamiae, omnibus & singulis, juribus, & privilegiis, prae∣eminentiis, immunitatibus, statu Comitis, in omnibus ritè, & de jure pertinenti∣bus, quibus caeteri Comites dicti Regni nostri Angliae, ante haec tempora melius honorificemus & quiemus, usi & gauvisi fint, seu in praesenti gaudeant & utantur. Et quia crescent status celsitudine necessario crescent sumptus, & onera grandiora.
Et ut idem Carolus, & haeredes sui praedicti, meliùs, dicentiùs, & honorificentiùs statum praedictum Comitis Nottinghamiae, ac onera ipsi Carolo, & haeredibus suis incumbentia manutenere, & supportare valeant, & quilibet eorum valeat. Ideo de ulteriori gratia nostra, dedimus, & concessimus, ac per praesentes, pro nobis, haere∣dibus, & successoribus nostris damus, & concedimus praefato Carolo, & haeredibus suis praedictis in perpetuum, vigenti libras feodi, sive annualis redditus, singulis an∣nis percipiendum, de exitibus, proficuis, & reventionibus magnae, & parvae custu∣mae, & subsidii nostri, nobis concessi, seu in posterum nobis, haeredibus, vel suc∣cessoribus nostris concedendi, provenientis, crescentis, sive emergentis, infra por∣tum civitatis nostrae Londini, per manus Custumariorum, sive Collectorum nostro∣rum, haeredum, & successorum nostrorum, ibidem pro tempore existentium, ad terminos Sancti Michaelis Archangeli, & Paschae, per aequales portiones, singulis an∣nis, solvendas. His Testibus, Reverendissimo in Christo patre & conciliario no∣stro, Johanne Archiepiscopo Cantuariae, totius Angliae Primate, ac Metropolitano, ac praedilectis, & perquam fidelibus Conciliariis nostris, Thoma Egerton, Milite, Custode magni Sigilli nostri Angliae, Willielmo Domino Burghley, praeclari ordinis Garterii Milite, magno Thesaurario nostro Angliae, ac etiam charissimis Consangui∣neis nostris, Henrico Comite Northumbriae, praenobilis ordinis Garterii Milite, Gilberto Comite Salopiae, ejusdem ordinis Garterii Milite, Edwardo Comite Wi∣gorniae, ejusdem ordinis Garterii Milite, Roberto Comite Sussexiae, Edwardo Comite Hertfordiae; necnon Reverendis in Christo patribus, Ricardo, Episcopo Londini, Tho∣ma, Episcopo Wintoniae, Antonio, Episcopo Cicestrensi, Herberto, Episcopo Herefor∣diae, ac praedilecto & fideli Conciliario nostro, Georgio Domino de Hunsdon, praeno∣bilis ordinis Garterii Milite, Camerario hospitii nostri, ac etiam praedilectis, & fideli∣bus nostris, Edwardo Domino Zouche, Thoma Domino Berkley, Henrico Domino Cobham, Edwardo Domino Stafford, Thoma Domino Scroope de Bolton, Willielmo Domino Sandes, Henrico Domino Windsorae, Edmundo Domino Sheffield, & praenobilis ordinis Garterii Milite; necnon praedilectis, & fidelibus Conciliariis nostris, Rogero Domino Northe, Thesaurario hospitii nostri, Thoma Domino Buckhurst, praenobilis ordinis Garterii Milite, ac Angliae princerna, ac praedilecto, & fideli nostro, Willielmo Domino Compton, ac etiam dilictis, & fidelibus Concili∣ariis nostris Willielmo Knolles, Milite, Contrarotulatore hospitii nostri, Roberto Cecilio, Milite, principali Secretario nostro, & aliis. In cujus rei, &c.
Teste Regina apud Westmonasterium vicesimo secundo die Octobris, Anno Regni Re∣ginae Elizabethae tricesimo.
Per ipsam Reginam. Concordatum cum Recordo & Examinatum per me S. Killingworth.
HE was very much offended that the Council were let loose: several Papers he cast into the Fire, lest (as he said) they should tell tales, and pre∣pared himself for defence. And being now reduced to his last hope, of expecting Aid from the Londoners, he Fortified his House on all sides. The Lord Admiral presently Besieged the House to Land-ward. He assigned the Earls of Cumberland, and Lincoln, the Lord Thomas Howard, the Lord Grey, the Lord Burghly, the Lord Compton, and others, with Forces of Horse and Foot, every Man his Post. He himself, with the Lord Effingham, his Son, the Lord Cobham, Sir John Stanhop, Sir Robert Sidney, Sir Fulk Grevill, seized upon the Garden by the Thames side. Being now ready to assault the House, he summoned him by Sidney, to yield.
Southampton asked him, to whom they should yield; To their Adversaries? That were to run themselves headlong to ruine; Or to the Queen? That were to con∣fess themselves guilty. But yet, said he, if the Lord Admiral will give us Hostages for our security, we will appear before the Queen: If not we are every one of us fully resolved to lose our lives fighting. The Lord Admiral returning word by Sid∣ney, That neither were Conditions to be propounded by Rebels, nor Hostages to be delivered to them; signified to Essex, That, for the sparing the weaker sex, he would permit the Countess, his Wife, the Lady Rich, his Sister, and their Waiting-Gentlewomen (who filled all places with their womanish Shrieks, and La∣mentations) to come forth. Which Essex took as a favour; only he desired that an hour or two's time might be granted him to fortifie the place, by which they should go forth: which was also granted.
Before the hour was expired, Essex, holding all things now for desparate, and lost, resolved to make his way out. And the Lord Sands, who was more aged than the rest, earnestly urged him so to do; often repeating that saying, That the resolutest Councels are the safest; That it is more honourable for Noble Persons to die fighting, than by the hand of the Executioner. But Essex, wavering in his resolu∣tion, began presently to think of yielding, and gave notice that upon certain Con∣ditions he would yield. But when the Lord Admiral would admit of no conditi∣ons; he said, he would not give conditions, but rather take them. Yet Three things he requested: First, That they might be civilly dealt withal. This the Lord Admiral promised. Secondly, That their cause might be justly, and duly heard. He answered, That there was no reason to doubt thereof. And, Lastly, That Ashton, a Minister of God's Word, might be with him in Prison, for his Soul's comfort. The Lord Admiral answered, That for these things he would make in∣tercession to the Queen. When presently all the Noblemen, falling upon their Knees, and delivering their Swords up to the Lord Admiral, yielded themselves at Ten of the Clock at Night. There were no more slain but Owen Salisbury, and one, or two, who were killed in the House by shot, and as many of the Besiegers.
UPON which day (whether thinking on her Death, or presaging what would ensue) she happned to say to the Lord Admiral, whom she always dearly affected, My Throne hath been the Throne of Kings, neither ought any other, than he that is my next Heir, to succeed me. And the Courtiers ob∣served, That she never before more frequented Prayers, and the Service of God, than now.
HE is recorded in several Writers of the Heralds Books, to have bore a part in most of the Tilts, Fights at Barriers, and other Marshal Games, and Triumphs of the Reign of Queen Elizabeth.
THE English Ships, which, by reason of the shallowness of the Channel, could not hitherto come near them, now, when it was flood, came in with great alacrity. Essex also with his Ship, thrust himself into the midst of the Fight; as likewise did the Admiral himself, with his Son.
ABout Sixty Military Men were Knighted for their Valour: viz. Robert, Earl of Essex, Count Lodowick of Nassau, Don Christophero, a Portuguese, Sir Wil∣liam Herbert, Sommerset Bourk, an Irish-man, William Howard, the Lord Admiral's Son, Robert Dudley, George Devereux, Henry Nevill, &c.
CHARLES Howard (Son of William, Lord Howard of Effingham, Lord Admiral of England, Lord Chamberlain to Queen Elizabeth, one of her Privy Council, and by her made Knight of the Garter, who was younger Son of Thomas Howard, second Duke of Norfolk) one of the Lords of the Honourable Privy Council to Queen Elizabeth, and King James, Lord Howard of Effingham, Knight of the Garter, Lord Admiral of England, was, for his most right honourable Service at the Sacking of Cales, with Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex, by Queen Elizabeth, created Earl of Nottingham, in right of his descent from the Mowbrays, Dukes of Norfolk, and Earls of Nottingham.
THIS Noble Earl took to Wife, Katharine, Daughter to Henry, Lord Hunds∣don, by whom he had Issue, Two Sons, William, who wedded Anne, Daugh∣ter, and Sole Heir to John Lord Saint John of Bletsoe, who died in his Father's Life-time; leaving Issue, Elizabeth, his Sole Daughter and Heir, Married to John Lord Mordaunt of Turvey, afterwards Earl of Peterborow, and Charles his Successor in his Honors: as also three Daughters; Elizabeth, Married to Sir Robert Southwell of Wood-Riseing; Frances, first to Henry Fitz-Gerald, Earl of Kildare; and Margaret, to Sir Richard Levison of Trentham, and Vice-Admiral of England.
THis Indenture made the Four and twentieth day of April, Anno Domini 1648. and in the Four and twentieth Year of the Reign of our Soveraign Lord Charles, by the Grace of God, King of England, Scotland, France, and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, &c. between the Right Honourable, Elizabeth, Countess Dowager of Peterborow, of the one part, and the Right Honourable, Henry, Earl of Arundel, Sir Becham Saint John, Knight of the Honourable Order of the Bath, Sir Oliver Luke of Hawnes, in the County of BEdford, Knight, and Sir Samuel Luke of Woodend, in the said County of Bedford, Knight, of the other part, Wit∣nesseth, That the said Countess Dowager, for the settling of the Mannor and Lands hereafter mentioned, in the Name, and Blood of her, the said Countess; And in consideration of the summ of Five shillings of lawful Money of England, to her in hand paid, by the said Henry, Earl of Arundel, Sir Becham Saint John, Sir Oliver Luke, and Sir Samuel Luke, whereof she acknowledgeth the receipt; and for divers other good causes and considerations, her, the said Countess, hereunto espe∣cially moving, hath Granted, Bargained, Aliened, Sold, Enfeoffed, and Con∣firmed, and by these Presents, doth Grant, Bargain, Alien, Sell, Enfeoffe, and Confirm unto the said Henry, Earl of Arundel, Sir Becham Saint John, Sir Oliver Luke, and Sir Samuel Luke, all that the Mannor of Blechingly, alias Bletchingley, alias Blechingleigh, in the County of Surrey, with the Rights, Members, and Ap∣purtenances thereunto belonging; and all Houses, Lands, Tenements, Heredita∣ments, Commons, Wasts, Warrens, Courts, Court-Leet, view of Frankpledge, Privileges, Goods of Felons, Deodands, Franchises, Profits, Emoluments, and Appurtenances whatsoever, to the said Mannor belonging, or appertaining, or as part, parcel, or member thereof, commonly accepted, reputed, taken, or known; and also all Lands, Tenements, and Hereditaments, of her, the said Countess Do∣wager, scituate, lying, and being, in the Parishes of Blechingly, alias Bletchingley, alias Blechingleigh, aforesaid, Godstone, Cateram, and Horne, or any of them, in the said County of Surrey, To Have and to Hold the said Mannor, Lands, and Premi∣ses, with their, and every of their rights, members, and appurtenances, to the said Henry, Earl of Arundel, Sir Becham Saint John, Sir Oliver Luke, and Sir Samuel Luke, their Heirs and Assigns for ever, to the use, behoof, intents, and purposes, and with, upon, and under such limitations as are hereafter, in, and by these pre∣sents limited, expressed, and declared; and to, and for no other use, intent, mean∣ing, or purpose whatsoever: (That is to say) To the Use of the said Elizabeth,
Countess Dowager of Peterborow, for and during the Term of her Natural Life, without Impeachment of, or for any manner of Wast: And after her Decease, then to the Use and Behoof of Henry, Earl of Peterborow, Son and Heir Apparent of the said Countess, for, and during the Term of Fourscore and nineteen Years, if the said Earl of Peterborow shall so long live, without Impeachment of Wast: And af∣terwards to the Use of the said Henry Earl of Arundel, Sir Becham Saint John, Sir Oliver Luke, and Sir Samuel Luke, for the Life of the said Earl of Peterborow, upon Trust, and to the intent that the Contingent Remainders, herein after limited, may not be prevented, defeated, or destroyed, without the Consent of the said Coun∣tess: And nevertheless, That the said Earl of Peterborow, may have and receive the Rents and Profits of the said Mannor and Premises, for the term of his Life: And after the Decease of the said Earl of Peterborow, to the Use of the Daughter, or Daughters, and Younger Son or Sons, of the Body of the said Earl of Peterborow, lawfully to be begotten: And of, and for such Estate; and Estates, either in Fee Simple, Fee Tail, for Life, or Lives, or Years, or otherwise, of the said Mannor and Premises, and every or any Part or Parcel thereof. And to the intent that such Son, or Sons, Daughter, or Daughters, may have and receive such Rent, or Rents, Summ, or Summs of Money, out of the Premises, or any Part thereof, as the said Earl of Peter∣borow, at any time, during his Life, by any Writing or Writings, under his Hand and Seal; testified by Two or more Witnesses, shall limit and appoint: And for Default of such Limitation and Appointment; or as the Estates so limited shall respectively end and determine; and charged or chargeable with such Rent or Rents, Summ or Summs of Money, as shall be so limited: Then to the Use and Be∣hoof of the First Son of the said Earl of Peterborow, lawfully begotten, or to be begotten, and of the Heirs of the Body of such First Son, lawfully begotten. And for default of such Heirs, then to the Use and Behoof of the Second Son of the said Henry, Earl of Peterborow, lawfully begotten, or to be begotten; and of the Heirs of the Body of such Second Son, lawfully to be begotten. And for default of such Heirs, then to the Use and Behoof of the Third Son of the said Henry, Earl of Peterborow, lawfully begotten, or to be begotten; and of the Heirs of the Body of such Third Son, lawfully to be begotten. And for default of such Issue, then to the Use and Behoof of the Fourth Son of the said Henry, Earl of Peterborow; and of the Heirs of the Body of such Fourth Son, lawfully to be begotten. And for default of such Heirs, then to the Use and Behoof of the Fifth Son of the said Henry, Earl of Peterborow, lawfully begotten, or to be begotten; and of the Heirs of the Body of such Fifth Son, lawfully to be begotten. And for default of such Issue, then to the Use and Behoof of all, and every such other Son or Sons of the said Henry, Earl of Peterborow, lawfully to be begotten, as they shall be in Priority of Birth; and of the several and respective Heirs of their several and respective Bodies, lawfully to be begotten. And for default of such Heirs, then to the use and behoof of the Daughter, or Daughters of the said Henry, Earl of Peter∣borow, lawfully begotten, or to be begotten; and of the Heirs of the Body, or Bodies of such Daughter, or Daughters, lawfully to be begotten. And for default of such Heirs, then to the use and behoof of John Mordaunt, Esq, Second Son of the said Countess, for, and during the term of his Natural Life, without Impeach∣ment of, or for any manner of Wast. And after his Decease, then to the use and behoof of the First Son of the said John Mordaunt, lawfully to be begotten; and of the Heirs of the Body of such First Son, lawfully to be begotten. And for default of such Heirs, then to the use and behoof of the Second Son of the said John Mordaunt, lawfully to be begotten; and of the Heirs of the Body of such Second Son, lawfully to be begotten. And for default of such Heirs, then to the use and behoof of the Third Son of the said John Mordaunt, lawfully to be begotten; and of the Heirs of the Body of such Third Son, lawfully to be begotten. And for default of such Heirs, then to the use and behoof of the Fourth Son of the said John Mordaunt, lawfully to be begotten; and of the Heirs of the Body of such
Fourth Son, lawfully to be begotten. And for default of such Heirs, then to the use and behoof of the Fifth Son of the said John Mordaunt, lawfully to be begot∣ten; and to the Heirs of the Body of such Fifth Son, lawfully to be begotten. And for default of such Heirs, then to the use and behoof of all and every the Sons of the said John Mordaunt, lawfully begotten, as they shall be in Priority of Birth; and of their several and respective Heirs, of their several and respective Bo∣dies, lawfully to be begotten. And for default of such Heirs; then to the use and behoof of the Daughter; or Daughters of the said John Mordaunt, law∣fully to be begotten; and of the Heirs of the Body, or Bodies of such Daughter, or Daughters, lawfully to be begotten. And for default of such Heirs, then to the use and behoof of the Heirs of the Body of the said Countess Dowager, law∣fully begotten, or to be begotten. And for default of such Heirs, then to the use and behoof of Sir Francis Howard of Great Bookham, in the County of Surrey, Knight, for, and during his Natural Life, without Impeachment of, or for any manner of Wast. And after his Decease, then to the use and behoof of the First Son of the said Sir Francis Howard, lawfully begotten or to be begotten; and of the Heirs Males of the Body of such First Son, lawfully begotten or to be be∣gotten. And for default of such Heirs, then to the use and behoof of the Second Son of the said Sir Francis Howard, lawfully begotten, or to be begotten; and of the Heirs Males of the Body of such Second Son, lawfully to be begotten. And for default of such Heirs, then to the use and behoof of the Third Son of the said Sir Francis Howard, lawfully begotten, or to be begotten; and to the Heirs Males of the Body of such Third Son, lawfully to be begotten. And for default of such Heirs, then to the use and behoof of the Fourth Son of the said Sir Francis Ho∣ward, lawfully begotten, or to be begotten; and of the Heirs Males of the Body of such Fourth Son, lawfully to be begotten. And for default of such Heirs, then to the use and behoof of the Fifth Son of the said Sir Francis Howard, lawfully be∣gotten, or to be begotten; and of the Heirs Males of the Body of such Fifth Son, lawfully to be begotten. And for default of such Heirs, then to the use and be∣hoof of all, and every the Sons of the said Sir Francis Howard, lawfully to be be∣gotten, as they shall be in Priority of Birth; and of their several and respective Heirs Males, of their several and respective Bodies, lawfully to be begotten. And for default of such Heirs, then to the use and behoof of Sir Charles Howard of ..... in the County of Surrey, Knight, for, and during the term of his Natural, Life without Impeachment of, or for any manner of Wast. And after his Decease, then to the use and behoof of the First Son of the said Sir Charles Howard, lawfully begotten or to be begotten; and of the Heirs Males of the Body of such First Son, lawfully to be begotten. And for default of such Heirs, then to the use and behoof of the Second Son of the said Sir Charles Howard, lawfully begotten or to be begotten; and of the Heirs Males of the Body of such Second Son, lawfully to be begotten. And for default of such Heirs, then to the use and behoof of the Third Son of the said Sir Charles Howard, lawfully begotten or to be begotten; and of the Heirs Males of the Body of such Third Son, lawfully to be begotten. And for de∣fault of such Heirs, then to the use and behoof of the Fourth Son of the said Sir Charles Howard lawfully begotten or to be begotten; and of the Heirs Males of the Body of such Fourth Son lawfully to be begotten. And for default of such Heirs, then to the use and behoof of the Fifth Son of the said Sir Charles Howard, lawfully begotten or to be begotten; and of the Heirs Males of the Body of such Fifth Son, lawfully to be begotten. And for default of such Heirs, then to the use and be∣hoof of all, and every the Sons of the said Sir Charles Howard, lawfully to be be∣gotten, as they shall be in Priority of Birth; and of the several and respective Heirs Males, of their several and respective Bodies, lawfully to be begotten. And for default of such Issue, then to the use and behoof of the right Heirs of the said Elizabeth, Countess Dowager of Peterborow for ever. And the said Countess Do∣wager doth Covenant, Grant, and Agree to, and with the said Henry, Earl of
Arundel, Sir Becham Saint John, Sir Oliver Luke, and Sir Samuel Luke, their Heirs and Assigns, and every of them, That she the said Countess Dowager, shall and will, before the First Day of July, next ensuing the Date hereof, acknowledge and Levy one Fine with Proclamations, according to the Statute in that Case made and provided, before His Majesty's Justices of His Courts of Common-Pleas at West∣minster, of all and singular the Premises, with their, and every of their Rights, Mem∣bers, and Appurtenances, by such Name or Names, Quantity and Number of Acres; and in such Manner and Form, as by the said Henry, Earl of Arundel, Sir Becham Saint John, Sir Oliver Luke, and Sir Samuel Luke, their Heirs and As∣signs, or by their Councel Learned in the Law, shall be thought fit and conveni∣ent: Which said Fine, so, or in any other manner to be Levied, of the said Man∣nor, Lands, and Premises; and all, and every other Fine and Fines, by, and be∣tween the said Parties, or any of them, of the said Mannor and Premises, or any Part thereof, heretofore Levied, or hereafter to be Levied, shall be, and shall be Adjudged, Deemed, and Construed, and taken to be, and Inure, to, and for the Uses, Limitations, Intents, and Purposes, herein before mentioned, limited, and declared. Provided, and it is hereby further declared, That this present As∣surance, and the Fine to be Levied, as aforesaid, shall be Deemed, Construed, and Taken to be, and Inure for the Strengthening and Confirming of one An∣nual or Yearly Rent-Charge of Three hundred Pounds per Annum, heretofore Granted or Limited to the said John Mordaunt, and his Heirs, to be Issuing out of the said Mannor of Blechingly, alias Bletchingley, alias Blechingleigh, and other the Premises: And also one Estate for One and twenty Years, of the said Man∣nor and Premises, granted to Francis, late Earl of Bedford, Oliver, late Earl of Bullingbrooke, Sir Henry Compton, and Sir Rowland Saint John, to Commence imme∣diately from, and after the Decease of the said Countess Dowager, for the raising of Four thousand Pounds, for the Portion of the Lady Elizabeth Howard, Daugh∣ter of the said Countess, according to the Purport and true Meaning of One In∣denture, bearing Date the First Day of November, in the Fourteenth Year of His now Majesty's Reign, as by the said Indenture may appear: And that the Uses, Estates and Limitations herein before mentioned, shall be Subject to, and Charged with the said Rent-Charge of Three hundred Pounds per Annum, and term of One and twenty years, any thing in these Presents, contained to the con∣trary, notwithstanding.
In witness whereof, the parties above named have to these present Indentures Interchangably set their Hands and Seals, the Day and Year first above written.
E. PETERBOROW.
Sealed and Delivered in the Presence of