The sea-mans dictionary, or, An exposition and demonstration of all the parts and things belonging to a shippe together with an explanation of all the termes and phrases used in the practique of navigation / composed by Henry Manwaring ...

B (Book B)

To BAle.

Is to lade water out of the Ships hould, with Buckets, Cans or the like; This because it is more labour, and tires men soo∣ner, and doth not deliver so much as all the Pumps will; we never use, but in great extremities, when either a leake doth over-grow the deli∣vering of the Pumps, or else that the Pumps doe faile us a which happens many times in extraordinary pumping, that the pumps with overmuch wearing, draw wind or chance to be stoaked, or else the pump boxes; Irons or the like doe faile us.

Ballast.

Is that Gravell, Stones, Leade or any other goods, which is layd next the keelson of the Ship to keep her stiffe in the sea; of Ballast, that is best which is heaviest, lyes closest, and fastest, and dryest, both for the ship bearing a saile, stowing of goods, health of the company, and sa∣ving of cask and other goods; whereof if a ship have too much, she will draw too much water, if too little, she will beare no sayle. To trench the Ballast, that is, to devide the Ballast in any part of the ships howld, which is commonly done, to find a Leake in the bottome of the ship, or to undock the ship. The Ballast shoots, that is, runs over from one side

to the other, and therefore Come and all kind of graine, is danger ous la∣ding, for that will shoote, but only that they make Ponches (as they are called,) that is Bulke heads of boords, to keep it up fast, that it doe not run from one side to the other, as the ship doth heele upon a Tacke.

Beake, or Beake-head.

Is that part which is fastned to the Stem of the Ship, and is supporred with a knee, which is fastned into the Stem, and this is called the Maine-knee; to this is fastned the Coller of the Maine-stay. In the Beake-head, the fore-tackes are brought a-boord, and is the proper stand, where men doe handle most part of the sprit-sayle, and sprit-sayle, Top-sayle rigging. And it is also placed for the fashion, to grace the ship. The Beaks-head steeves, or stands steeving, that is, stands very much with the outward most end up, towards the bolt spirit. The Beake-head of the Venetian Argozis, and Shoamsh Galeons, doe see very much: by which we know them afarre off.

Beame.

The Beames are those great crosse-timbers which keepe the ship sides afunder, and doe support the Daks, Odops; according to whose strength, a ship is much the better, or worse able to carry Ordi∣nance: All strong and great ships, have a Tire of Beames in hold, that is, a row of Beames, whereon lyes a Deck. The mayne-Beame, is ever the next to the mayne-Mast, at which place we reckon the bredth of the ship: And stom this we call the Beame, both fore-ward and aft-Ward, by the name of the first, second and third, &c. beginning from this, which we call the mid-ship Beame?

To Beane.

This word in some eases, is taken in the ordinary sense, as for cleering much, as when we say, a Ship will beare much Ord∣nance; that is, carry much by reason of her strength. Also the bearing, or stowing of much goods from whence, when we describe the great∣nesse of the ship, we say, she is a ship of such a burthen; but it is used in many senses, different, according to the diversity of the phrases. To beare sayle well, that is as much as to say, she is a stiffe guided ship, and will not couce downe on a side, with a great deale of sayle. A ship to beare-out her Ordnance, that is meant, her Ordnance lye so high, and she will goe so upright, that in reasonable sighting weather, she will be able to keep out her Low-Tire, and not be forced to snut in her pores: One ship over-beares the other, that is, was able in a great gale of wind, to carry out more sayles then the other, viz. a Top-sayle more or the like. To beare with the Land, or with a Harbour, or a Ship, is to sayle to∣wards

it, when we beare too wind-ward of it: To beare under the Lee of a ship, is when that ship which is to weather comes under the other ships-sterne, and so gives the wind to her; this is the greatest curresie that a ship can give an other at sea. The Peece will beare more shot, or not so much, that is, she is over-charged, or will endure a greater charge. The Peece doth come to beare a terme in the use of Ordnance: by which is meant, that now she lyes right with the marke.

Beare in.

When a ship sayles before, or with a large wind, into a Harbour, or Channell, or else sayles large towards the Land, we say, she-heares-in with the Channell, Harbour or Land, but if she sayle close by a wind, we use not that speech.

Beare-off.

When a Ship would not come neere a Land, or an other ship, but goes more Roomer then her course doth lye, we say that she beares off from the Land. Also, when we tell how one head-Land Iseland ship, or the like, doth lye from another, that is, upon what point of the Compasse, we say, they beare right East, or West, or otherwise, off one an other: In hoysing any thing into the ship, if it hath hold by any part of the ship, or Ordnance or the like, they say beare it off from the ship-side: So if they would have the breetch or mouth of a peece of Ordnance or the like, put from-ward one, they say, beare-off, or beare-about the breetch; So that generally, Sea-men use this word beare off (in businesse belonging to shipping) instead of the word thrust off, which to the like sense, is most commonly used amongst others.

Beare up.

This is a word we use in conding the ship, whenas we would have her goe larger or more before the wind then she did: Beare-up round, that is, to put her right afore the wind, or to bring her by the Lee: The manner of doing it, is no more, but thrusting the helme up to wind-ward, as farre as it will goe towards the ships side.

Bedds.

When the Decks lye too low from the Ports of that the Carriages of the peeces, with the Trucks cannot mount the Ordnance fittingly, but that they will lye too neere the Port Lasse, or Gun-wale; then we make a false Deck, for so much as the Peece will require for her Travesing, to raise it higher, this we call a bed: Also in the carriage of the Peece, that planck which lyes lower-most next the Carriage under the breetch of the Peece, whereon the Quoynes doe lye, is called the Bedd.

To Belage.

Is to make fast any running Rope when it is hailed, as much as you would, as the Halliards, when you hoyce a-yard, or the

sheates or Tacks, &c. so that it cannot run forth againe till it be loosed.

A Bend.

Is the outwardmost tymber on the ships-side, and is also called a Wale: these are the chiefe strength of the Ships-side, to which the Futtocks and knees of the Beames are Boleed, and they are called by the name of the first, second, &c. beginning with that next the water.

To Bend, or Bent.

Is taken in the common sense: as when the shancke of the Anchor is with over-much strayning crooked, we say, It is Bent: But it is otherwise used, as when they say, Is the Ca∣bell bent, that is, when it is seased and made-fast to the Ring of the An∣chor. Unbend the Cabell, that is, unbind it, which we doe commonly when we doe make account to be long at Sea, before we come into Har∣bour: To bend two Cabells or Roapes together, that is, to tye them to∣gether with a knot, and so to make their own ends fast upon themselves: This is not so sure as splising two Roapes together, but it is sooner done, and most commonly used, when we meane to take them a sunder againe, as when a Warp, or any Roape is too short for the present use.

A Berth.

Is a convenient distance and roome to Moore a ship in: Also when they would goe cleere of a Point, or a Rock, they say, take a good berth, that is, goe a pretty distance off to sea-Boord of it.

Berthing.

They call the raising or bringing-up of Ship-sides, the Berthing of her: as they say, A Clincher, hath her sides Berthed-up, be∣fore any beame be put into her.

A Bight.

By a Bight, is meant any part of a Roape, as it is taken compassing, as when we cannot, or meane not to take the end in hand, because of a Cabell, or other small Roape being Quoiled up: we say, give me the Bight, or hold by the Bight; that is, by one of the fakes, which lyes rowled up one over the other.

Bildge, or Buldge.

The Bildge of the Ship, is the bredth of the flooce, where∣on the ship doth rest, when she is a-ground. A ship is Bilged, that is, when she strikes on a Rock, or an Anchor, or the like, and breakes off her Timbers or planckes there, and so springs a Leake.

Bildg-water.

Is the water by reason of the Ships bredth and depth, lyes in the Bildge, and cannot come to the well, and therefore the Flem∣mish ships have generally, broader and longer floares then our ships have, besides the ordinary Pumps at the Mayne-mast, two Bildge-Pumps.

A Bittakle.

Is a close Cubbard placed in the Steeridge before the Whip, or Tiller, whereon the Compasse doth stand, which is not fastned

together with iron nailes, but wooden pinnes, because that iron would draw the Compasse, so that it would never stand true.

These are to be so contrived, that they may carry candles or lamps in them, to give light to the Compasse so as it may disperse no light, and yet to let any be seene about the Ship.

A Bitter.

Is no more, but a turne of the Cabell about the Bitts, which is used in this kind, when we come to Anchor in any great Tide, or current, or wind, especially in deep water, after the Cabell is run-out a convenient way. We take a turne which is about the Bitts, that we may by little and little, veere it out at ease: for otherwise, if a stopper should chance to faile, the Cabell would run all-out, or as the phrase is, End for End, now this turne of the Cabell is called a Bitter, and when the Ship is by this meanes stopped, we say the Ship is brought up to a Bitter.

A Bitter-end.

Is that end of the Cabell, which is used to be with∣in boord, still at the Bitts, when the Ship rides at an Anchor, so that upon occasion when they would have that end bent to the Anchor, they say, Bend to the Bitter-end.

The Bitts.

Are the two maine square peeces of Timber which stand piller-wise, commonly placed abast the Manger in the Loofe of the Ship: and for no other use, but to make fast, or as it were, to Belage the Cabell unto, when we ride at an Anchor; The lower part of them, is fast∣ned, in holde to the Riders, but the middle part doth beare, for their better strength, and are bolted, in great Ships, to two beames, which crosse to the Bowes of the Ship, and therefore sometimes, in extraordinary stormes, we are faine to make fast the Cabell to the Maine-mast, for the better relieving the Bitts and safetie of the Bowes which have in great Road-steads been violently torne from the after-part of the Ship.

Blocks.

Are these small wooden things, having Sheevers in them, wherein all the running-Roapes doe run. There are divers kinds of blocks: as single Blocks, double blocks; Blocks with 3,4, or 5, shee∣vers in them, and they are called by the names of Roapes whereunto they serve. As the sheate Block, the tack-Block, the fish-Block, &c. Note that double-Blocks, doe purchase more then single-blocks, and there∣fore in all places where we have occasion to use strength with few hands, we have double-Blocks (as to the Tacks of our Ordnance:) But you must note also, that though double-blocks purchase with more ease, yet

single-blocks doe purchase faster: When we hale upon any Tackle, Halliards or the like, to which two Blocks doe belong, when they meet and touch, we can haile no more, and this we call Block and Block.

Blowe.

Every man knowes when the wind blowes: but there are some speeches used at Sea, which are not generally understood, as the wind blowes-home, or blowes through; That is, when the wind doth not cease, or grow lesse, till it comes past that place: Also, blow through, is sometimes used, when they think the wind will be so great, that it will blow asunder the sayles, In some places, (as I have seene at Santa Cray in Barbarie,) the wind being right-off the Sea, and a fresh gale, as much as we could beare out top-sayles, when we came within lesse then a League of the Roade, we had little or no wind at all, and it is in∣fallibly ever so. The naturall cause whereof, I could never find out: for it cannot be the height of the land, since all that Bay is low land, on∣ly the Cape which is not very high; and we know that at the Peekes of Tenneriff and Fyall (which are the highest Lands in all the world) it doth the contrary. Nor can it be the heate of the Land, which should duller the wind, for this happens there in the winter also, and besides we see the contrary in hotter Countries, when a wind increases so much that they cannot beare any top-sayles, then they use to say, that they were blowne into their courses, (that is,) could only have out those sayles. It blowes hard, fresh, stiffe, high; all words easily known when they expresse an extraordinary wind, they say, it will blow the sayle out of the Bolt-roapes: If the touch-hole of a Peece be gulld, much powder will flame out, and that is also called blowing.

Bluff, or Bluff-headed.

The Boate belonging to a Ship, is either called the Ships-boate, or the Long-boate, and this is ever intended to be able to carry-forth and waigh her sheate Anchor; other small Boats, which they carry for lightnesse, to hoyse in and out quickly, are called Skiffes and Shallops, according to their forme. A good long boate will live in any growne sea, if the water be sometimes freed, unlesse the sea breake very much: The Roape by which it is towed at the Ships sterne, is called the Boate roape, to which, to keepe the boate from sheering, we adde an other, which we call a Gest-roape: we doe also to save the Bowes of the boate, which would be torne out with the twitches which the Ship under sayle would give, use to swite her, that is, make fast a Roape round by the gun-wale, and to that, make fast the Boate roape.

Free the Boate, that is, fling out the water: Man the Boate, that is, some men goe to rowe the Boate: The Boates Ging, that is, those that use to rowe in the boate, which are the Cockson and his Ging, to whom the charge of the boate belongs: Fend the boat, that is, save her from bea∣ting against the Ship-sides: Wind the Boate, that is, bring her head the other way. A bolde Boat, that is one that will indure a rough Sea well. A ships Boate, is the very Modell of a Ship, and is built in parts in all things answerable to those which a Ship requires, both for sayling and bearing a sayle, and they beare the same names, as doe all the parts of a Ship under water, as, Rake, Run, Stem, Sterne, Bowe, Bildge, &c.

Bolt or Bolts.

Are iron pinnes belonging both to the building, and rigging of a Ship; of which there are divers kinds, as Ring-bolts, which are of infinite necessary use, both for the bringing to of the planckes and wales to the ship, as also the chiefe things whereunto we fasten the tac∣kles and breetchings of the great Ordnance. Drive-bolts, which is a long one to drive out an other bolt, or Treenell by. Set-bolts, used in the buil∣ding, for fireing the planckes, and other works close together. Ragg-bolts, which are sharpned at one end and jagged, that they may not be drawn-out. Clench-bolts, which are clinched with a Riviting hammer, to prevent drawing out. Fore lock-bolts, which are made at the end with an eye, whereunto a fore-lock of iron is driven over a Ring, to keep it fast from starting-back. Fender-bolts, which are made with a long head and beate into the outward most bend of the Ship, to save the ship sides, if an other ship should lye a-boord her. Bolts are many times cal∣led according to the places whereunto they are used, as chaine-bolts, bolts for Carriages and the like: The use of them is so great, that without them a ship cannot be built strong, for they bind together all the timbers knees and the like, which doe strengthen the Ship.

A Bolt-roape.

Is the Roape into which the Saile is soawed, or made fast: that is a three-strained-roape made gentle and not twisted so hard as the others, of purpose to be the more pliant to the saile, as also that they may soaw the saile into it the better.

Bolt-sprit.

To this is fastned all the stages that belong to the fore-Mast, and fore-top-Mast, and fore-top-gallant, &c. with their bowlings, tacks, besides the rigging which belongs to its particular sayles, which are only two: viz. Sprits-Sailes, and sprit saile-top-saile, if a ship spend her bolt-sprit, or, as the more proper speech is, if the bolt-sprit drop by

the boord, the fore-mast will quickly follow, if it be a rough sea, especially if you goe by a wind, this beares the same proportion for length and big∣nesse, as the fore-mast doth.

A Bonnet.

Is belonging to an other saile, but is commonly used with none but the Missen, maine and fore-sailes, and the sprit-sailes I have seene, but it is very rate, a top-saile bonnet, and hold it very usefull in an easie gale, quarter winds or before a wind, this is commonly as deepe as the saile it belongs to, there is no certaine proportion for some will make the Maine-saile so deepe that with a showele bonnet, they will latch all the mast without a drabler: Others will make the maine-saile-showler, that they may with foule weather beare it safer, and then the bonnet will be the deeper. Lase on the bonnet, or bring to the bonnet, that is, put it to the course: loosing is here very proper, be∣cause it is made fast with latchetts, into the eylot-holes of the sayle: Note that when we doe speake of the saile in any correspondence to the bon∣net, we call it the course, and not the saile: as we say when a ship hath those sailes out; course and bonnet of each: not maine-saile and bonnet, and fore-saile and bonnet. Shake off the bonnet: that is, take it off.

A Boome.

Is a long Pole, which we use commonly to spread out the clew of the studding-sayle; yet sometimes also we Boome out the clewe of the Maine-saile, and fore-saile, to spread them out so much the broader to receive more winde. When we say a ship comes booming towards us, it is as much as to say, she comes with all the saile she can make: Note that booming of sailes, is never used but quarter windes, or before a winde: For by a wind, Studding sailes, and booming the sailes is not usefull: In comming into harbours where the channell is narrow and crooked, and the land about it overflowen, they use to set poles with bushes, or baskets at the tops, to direct how men should steere along the channell by them: and these are also in many places called Boomes, but in some others, they are called Beacons.

Boord, or a Boord.

By this is not only meant deales-boords, or the like, but otherwise: for when we use the word, A boord, at sea, it is as much as to say, within the ship; To goe a boord, that is to goe into the ship. Bring the tack close a boord, that is, pull down the tack close to the Chestree or the gun-wale: Boord and boord, that is, when two ships touch each other. The weather-boord, that is as much as to say, to wind∣ward. To make a boord, or as we use to say, to boord it up to a place, is

to turne to wind-ward; which we doe, by standing sometimes one way, sometimes the other for the gaining a place to wind-ward: In which, note that the farther you stand-off upon one point of the Compasse, the better boord you shall make: and it is better making long boords, then short-boords, if you have sea roome. A long-boord is, when you stand a great way off before you tack or turne. A short-boord, is when you stand-off but a little. A good boord, is when we have got up much to wind-ward, for sometimes we take a great deale of paines, and get little, either by reason of a current or tyde, that may take her on the wea∣ther-bowe, or by reason of a head-sea, which may drive her to Lee-ward, and hinder her way, or for that the ship may be a Lee-ward ship: Sometimes againe, when it is a smooth sea; a current under the Lee-bowe, and a good ship by a wind, she will get a point or two more in the wind then we expect. Here note that a crosse-saile ship in a sea, cannot make her wag neerer then 6 points, unlesse there be tyde or cur∣rent which doth set to wind-ward, within boord, with-out-boord-over-boord: by the boord, all tearmes obvious to common sense. To leave a land on back boord, is to leave it asterne, or behind, for the back boord, is that which in boates or skiffes, we leane our backs against. In fight, to boord a ship, is to bring the ship to touch the other, where you must note the advantages and disadvantages of every place in boording: and know that when two ships sight, the defendant may choose whether you shall boord him or no, but only in the quarter, which is a bad place to boord: For men can worst enter there, in respect that it is the high∣est part of the ships hull: and for that there is only the Missen-shrowdes to enter by; as also, for that ships are hottest there, and men being en∣tred there can doe little good, and are easily skowred off with Mur∣derers from the close-sights: the best boording for entring; is if you can, to boord on the bowe, for then you may quickly bring all your broade-side to: but the greatest advantage for use of Ordnance, is to boord a-thwart her hawes, for then you may use all your Ordnance on one side, and she can only use her Chase and her Prowe Peeces.

The Bowe.

Is that part of the ship which is broadest before, and begins from the Loofe, till it come compassing about towards the stem. The proportioning of this part, is of great importance for the sayleing of the Ship: for this first breakes-off the sea, and is that part which beares all the ship forward, on which is in a manner all the bearing of the ship:

If the bowe be too broad the ship will not passe easily through the sea, but carry a great deale of dead water before her: if it be too leane or thin, she will pitch or beate mightily into a hollow sea, for want of bredth to beare her up; so that there must be a discreet meane betwixt both these: The shaping of this part, doth much import the ships going by a-wind; yet I have seene ships of both sorts goe will by a-wind; but most commonly those that have good bolde bowes, and yet it is certaine, that a ships way-after-on is of more importance for her sayle∣ing by a wind. A bold bowe, is a broad round bowe: a Leane bowe, is a narrow thin bowe: the bowe Peece, is that which lies in the bowe.

Bowling.

Is a Roape which is fastned to the Leetch or midle part of the out-side of the sail, the use wherof is to make the sail stand sharper or closer, by a wind: The Antients, as it is reported, did ever sail before the wind, the reason wherof, I conceive to be, because they had not the know∣ledge and use of this Roape: It is fastned in 2, 3, 4, or more parts to the saile, which they call the bowling bridle, only the Missen bowling is fastned to the lower end of the yard: This Roape belongs to all sailes, excepting sprit-saile and sprit-saile top-saile, which have no place to haile a Bowleing forward by; and therefore these sailes cannot be used close by a wind. Sharpe the maine-bowleing: Set taught the bowleing, hale up the bowleing; all these are to make it puld-up hard, or more properly be haled more forward on: East the bowleing, check or conie up the bowling, that is, let it more slacke.

A Bower.

Is any Anchor, which Ships doe usually carry at the bowe, and from thence, hath its name: for our greatest Anchor we carry in holde, and for better stowage sometimes unstock them.

Bowes, or to Bowse.

Is a word they use, when they would have men pull together, and is chiefely used by the Gunners, when they haile upon their tackles, to thrust a Peece out of a port: they will cry, bowse hoa; that is, pull more upon the tackle: and then they know to pull altoge∣ther: And also, when there is occasion to pull more upon tackle, then the other, they will say, Bowse upon the tackle.

Bracketts.

Are certaine little peeces, in the nature of knees, which belong to the supporting of galleries, or ship-heads.

Brases.

These Ropes doe belong to all the yards, excepting the Missen-yard, they have a pendant which is seased to the yard-armes; for to every yard, belongs two Brases, and at the end of a pendant, a block

is seased, through which the Roape is reeved, which they call the Brase: The use whereof is, to square the yards and travers the yards: Brase the yard to right, that is to make it to stand just crosse the ship: To make right Angles with the length of the ship, all the brases doe come after∣ward-on-as the maine brase-to the Poope, the maine-top-saile Brase to the missen-top-and so to the main shrowds: The fort-and-fore-top-sayle brases, downe by the maine-and maine-top-sayle-stages; and so of the rest. The Missen bowling doth serve for a brase to the yard; but the crosse-jack brases, are brought forwards to the maine-shrowdes when we goe close by a wind.

Brayles.

Are small-Roapes reeved through blocks, which are sea∣sed on either side the ties, some small distance off, upon the yards, and so come-downe before the sayle, and are fastned to the Creengleyes, at the skirt of the sayle: The use whereof is to haile-up the bunt of the sayle, when we doe farthell our sayles a-crosse, which are in this, com∣modious for a man of war, that he may instantly make up his sayles, and let them fall, if in fight he should fall a sterne: for note, that in fight we desire to use as few sayles as we can, both for the trouble in trimming them, for saving our sayles, for hiding our sight, and for avoiding of fire which might light in them; and therefore when we say we will ship our selves into our fighting sailes, it is meant we have only the missen maine-top-sayle, with which sayles, a ship will work every way: These brailes doe only belong to the two courses and to the Missen: Haile up the brayses, and braise up the sayle, is all one; when Marchant-men will seeme to brave a man of war, if he chase them, they will brayle up their sayles, which is as much as to make a signe, they will fight with them.

Breetch, and Breetching.

The Breetch, is the after-most part of the Gunne, from the touch-hole which is in brasse Ordnance, ever allowed, to be as thicke as the diameter of the Bullet; and those Roapes which are bigger then the tackles that doe make, or lash fast the Ordnance to the ship-sides, being brought about the breetch of the Peece, are called, Breetchings, these we do not use in fight, but at sea, and chiefely in foule weather.

A Breize.

Is a wind, which blowes out of the sea, and doth daily in all seasonable weather, keep his course, beginning likely about nine in the morning, and lasting til it be within little of night we do not com∣monly call al winds that blow off the sea upon any coasts, Breizes, unlesse

it be there where this course is certaine, or rarely misses but in stormes and fowle weather: As for example; here on our coast, the winds are never extreame, but on the coast of Barbery, and other places more southerly, they are certaine to have the wind off the land all night, and off the sea all day. This Breize is also called a sea turne.

A Brest-fast.

Is a Roape which is fastned to some part of the ship fore-ward-on, and so doth hold fast the ships head to a wharffe or any thing else, and a sterne fast is the same for the sterne.

Brest Roapes.

Are the Roapes which make fast the parcell to the yard.

Brooming.

Is, when a snip is brought a-ground, or on the careene, to be trimmed, that is, to be made cleane, they burne off the old weeds or stuffe, which hath gathered filth; which they usually doe, either with Reed, Broome, old Roapes, or the like.

A Budge-Barrell.

Is a little barrell (not altogether so big as a barrell) which holds an hundred waight of powder, and hath a purse of leather, made at the head of it, which is to shut over the powder, to keep it from firing: we use to lay Ordnance with this in harbour for healthes and the like, but at sea in fight not, if we can get cathrages, which is the safest way. There are also latten budge-barrels, which are the best.

Bulke.

The Bulk of a ship, is her whole content in hould, as to say, she is a ship of a great bulke, that is, will stowe much goods; sometimes it is taken for the Merchants goods, as when they say, let our stock goe in bulk together. To breake bulke, is as much as to say, to open the houlde, or sell, or part all the goods in the houlde; As the Indies ships may sell any goods, which they have betwixt the decks, but they must not breake bulke, till they have order from the Company, that is, they must not open the howld, to meddle with any merchandize therein contained.

Bulk-head.

Is generally any division, which is made crosse the ship, with boords, whereby one roome is divided from the other, as the Bulk-head of the cabbin, the bulke-head of the halfe deck, the bulke-head of the bread roome, gun toome, or the like.

Bunt.

The Bunt of a saile is, as it were in comparison to the wind, the cod of the net, which receives all the fish; and may as well be called the bag of the saile, and therefore we give a bunt to all sailes, to the intent they may receive much wind, (in which is the Anima sensitiva of a

ship,) if a saile have too much bunt, it will hang too much to Lee-ward-wind, and as they call it, hold much lee-ward-wind, which will hinder the ships sayling especially by the wind, if it have too little, then it will not hold wind enough, and so not give the ship sufficient way; The dif∣ference is rather perceived in top-sailes then the other, for courses are cut square, or at the least, with allowance of small compasse.

Bunt-lines.

Is a small line, which is made fast to the bottome of the saile, in the midle part of the bolt roape, to a creengle, and so reeved through a small blocke, seased to the yard, the use whereof is to trise up the bunt of the saile, for the better fartheling and making up of the saile.

A Buoy.

Is that peece of wood, barrell, or the like, which floates right over the Anchor, and is made fast by the buoy roape unto the flooke; The use whereof, is not only to take knowledge where the Anchor, but also to waigh the Anchor with the boate, which is sooner done then to weigh it with the ship: Sterne the Buoy, that is, before they let the Anchor fall, whilst the ship hath way, they put the Buoy into the water, so that the Buoy roape may be stretched out strait, and then the Anchor will fall cleere from entangling it selfe with the buoy roape. Buoyant, is any thing that is floating or apt to floate: To buoy up a cabell, that is to make fast a peece of floating wood, barrell or the like, to the cabell, somewhat neere to the Anchor, that the cabell may not touch the ground; this we doe in foule grounds, where we feare the cutting of our cabells: There are Buoyes also which doe belong to ships, and these are left at an Anchor in the sea, to shew where any dan∣ger is of sands or rocks: these are especially most needfull to be used, where the sands doe use to alter, or where we can have no fitting land∣marke.

A Butt.

By this word taken indefinitely, is meant a vessell or cask, as a Butt of wine, &c. but in sea language, thus, a Butt, is properly the end of a plancke, joyning to an other, of the outward side of the ship, under water. To spring a Butt, that is, when a planke is loose at one end, and therefore they bolt (in most great ships) all the Butt-head: by Butt-heads, is meant the end of the plancks.

The Buttuck.

Is the bredth of the ship, right-a-sterne from the tucke upwards: and therefore according as she is built, broad or nar∣row at the transom or laying out of her sterne, we say that the ship hath a broad or a narrow Buttock.