The great historical, geographical and poetical dictionary being a curious miscellany of sacred and prophane history : containing, in short, the lives and most remarkable actions of the patriarchs, judges, ... heresiarchs, ... emperors, ... and all those who have recommended themselves to the world ... together with the establishment and progress both of religious and military orders ... ; [with] The genealogy of several illustrious families in Europe ; The fabulous history of the heathen gods and heroes ; The description of empires, kingdoms ... / collected from the best historians, chronologers, and lexicographers ... but more especially out of Lewis Morery ... his sixth edition corrected and enlarged by Monsieur Le Clark ... now done into English ; to which are added by way of supplement ... the lives ... and writings of the illustrious families of our English, Scotch and Irish nobility ... clergy ; as also an exact description of these kingdoms ... by several learned men ; wherein are inserted the last five years historical and geographical collections of Edmond Bohun ... never extant till in this work.

• Naaman, a Leper, General to the K. of Syria, being in∣form'd by a Hebrew Captive that the Prophet Elisha could Cure him, his Master recommended him to Joram K. of Israel for that end, which he lookt upon as a design of the Syrian to pick a quarrel, and seek occasion of War; and being sollicitous about it, the Prophet signify'd to the King, That if Naaman would come to him, he should know there was a God in Israel. The Syrian going to the Prophet's door with a great Retinue, he sent him word to go and wash seven times in Jordan; which Naaman taking as a slight, went away in a rage; but being prevail'd upon by his Servants to obey, was cleans'd, and re∣turn'd to acknowledge the Prophet's kindness, and his being convinc'd that the God of Israel was the only true God 2 Kings 5.
• * Naas, a Barony and Town in the Provence of Lemster and County of Kildare in Ireland. Long. 7. 9. Lat. 55. 37.
• Naasson, one of the Ancestors, according to the Flesh, of our Lord Jesus Christ; he was the Son of Aminadab, and Prince of the Tribe of Judah soon after their departure out of Egypt. Numb. 1.7. Matth. 1.4.
• Nab, Lat. Nabus, a River of Franconia; which passing through the Upper Palatinate, empties it self into the Danube, above Ra∣tisbon.
• Nabal, a rich Jew, that dwelt near Mount Carmel in Judaea, whom David, for his churlish and ungratefull Behaviour to him, design'd to have kill'd, but was hindred by the prudent interposition and presents of his Wife Abigail, whom David afterwards Married about An. M. 2977. 1 Sam. 25. from ver. 2. to 43. Salian. Sponde.
• * Nabarzanes, one of Darius's Generals, who Commanded the Horse in the Right Wing at the Streights of Cilicia; he Conspir'd with Bessus against Darius, with this Resolution, That if Alexander pursued 'em, they would deliver up the King, and so make their terms; and if he did not, that they would kill Darius, usurp the Government, and renew the War. They perform'd the Latter, and Nabarzanes was afterwards reconcil'd to Alexander. Diodor. Q. Curt.
• Nabatheans, a People of Arabia Petraea. St. Isidore suppo∣seth 'em to have their Original and Name from Nebajoth, Is∣mael's First-born, Gen. 25.12. Their Country had Arabia De∣serta on the East, Palaestina on the South, and Arabia Foelix on the North. This was the People whom Gabinius defeated, ac∣cording to Josephus. Strab. Plin.
• Nabis, a Tyrant of Lacedaemon, infamous for his Cruelty. He wag'd War with the Romans, but was defeated by L. Quin∣tius, who forc'd him to more Moderation; and taking Argos, left him only Lacedaemon, where he was kill'd not long after. Florus. Livy. Polybius.
• Nabonas••ar, the first King of the Chaldaeans, or Babylonians, after the Division of the Assyrian Monarchy, famous in History for his Epocha; the beginning of which Petavius fixeth in the Year 3237. Torniel, Sponde and Salian, with others, fix it on the 3306, beginning on Wednesday, Feb. 26. in the 3967. of the Julian Period, 747 before Christ; the first of the Eighth Olym∣piad, and the Sixth of Rome, being not finish'd: Spanheim concurrs with 'em; adding, That it was 265 after the Building of Solomon's Temple, and the Eleventh of Jotham King of Judah. Certain it is, that the beginning of this new Empire of the Chal∣daeans is very obscure; and all that, by way of Conjecture, we know concerning it, is, That the Babylonians being revolted from under the Government of the Medes, who had overthrown the Assyrian Monarchy, did, under the Conduct of Nabonassar, Governour of the Medes, lay the foundation of a Dominion, which was very much increas'd afterwards under Nebuchadnez∣zar. It seems most probable that this Nabonassar is that Baladan mention'd in 2 Kings 20.12. the Father of Merodach, or Bero∣dach, whom Ptolomy calls Mardokempade, the same that sent Em∣bassadors to Hezekiah, 2 Kings 20. The curious may consult 1 Chron. 32. Ptol. l. 4. Almagest. ••caliger lib. 5. de Emend. Temp. pag. 391. & seq. Petav. l. 9. de doct. Temp. cap. 51. & seq. & lib. 10. c. 7. & seq. Torniel, A. M. 3306, 3331. Ubbo Em. lib. 2. re∣rum Chron. & lib. 5. Spendan. A. M. 3306. Isaac Vossius cap. 9. Chron. Sacr. Calvis. in Chron. Riccloli Chron. Reformat.
• Nabonnides, Nabonnadius, Nabennidocus, or Labinet King of Babylon, to whom these Names are given by Prophane Authors; who having kill'd Belshazzar, the last of Nebuchadnezzar's Race, Reign'd 17 years at Babylon. The Astronomical Canon, Berosus, Josephus, Sulpitius Severus, St. Maximus, Scaliger, Petavius, and divers others, suppose him to be the same with Darius the Mede, who kill'd Belshazzar at the Banquet of Wine, Dan. 16. But Josephus, Torniel, Hierom and Usher think him to be the last of Nebuchadnezzar's Race, and him whom the Scripture calls Be∣shazzar, Jer. 27.7. Dan. 7.5. in the 209 Year of Nabonassar.
• Naboth, a Native of Jezreel, whose Vineyard Ahab coveted; and being discontented, because he could not have it, Jezebel his Wife suborn'd false Witnesses, who swore Treason against Naboth; whereupon he was ston'd to Death, and Ahab took Possession of his Vineyard An. M. 3123. but Elijah meeting him there, charg'd him with the Murther, and prophesied his De∣struction. 1 Kings 21. Torniel.
• Nadab and Abihu, the Sons of Aaron, who presuming to offer strange Fire before the Lord, were devour'd by a Fire that went forth from him, A. M. 2545. This secret Fire, like a Flash of Lightning, is said to have consum'd 'em inwardly without hurting their Bodies, or so much as their Garments. Levit. 10. from ver. 1. to 8. Torniel.
• Nadab, King of Israel, succeeded his Father Jeroboam, A. M. 3081. and following his wicked courses, was, after two years Reign, kill'd by Ba••sha, one of his Generals, who usurp'd his Throne. 1 Kings 15.25. to 29.
• Nadasti (Francis) President of the Soveraign Council of Hun∣gary, being disgusted at the Emperor's refusal to create him Palatine of that Kingdom, conspir'd with the Counts Serini, Frangipani, and Ragot••ki, and begun the Revolt there in 1665. He corrupted a Joyner to fire the Palace which he was repair∣ing, that, during the Consternation, he might kill or take the Emperor. The Palace was accordingly burnt, Feb. 23. 1668. but Nadasti fail'd in his design. After this he invited the Empe∣ror and Court to divert themselves with the Fishing of Putten∣dorf, Apr. 5. 1668. against which time he had order'd his Cook to prepare a Pigeon-pye, which the Emperor loved, and to poy∣son it; but herein he was prevented by his Countess. In 1669, and 1670, he poysoned the Wells, whence the Emperor had his Water; but also without success. At last Nagiferents, Secre∣tary of the Plot, being taken with his Papers about him, Anno 1670. Nadasti gather'd together 500 Men to Conduct him to Venice; but was surpriz'd in his Bed, and brought to Vienna, where he acknowledged his Crime, and Petitioned the Empe∣ror to spare his innocent Children, and content himself with his Punishment. During his Imprisonment, a Letter was inter∣cepted to the Grand Visier at Adrianople, seal'd with his Seal, which he denied nevertheless. On the 30th. of April, 1671, he was Beheaded according to Sentence, his Estate confiscated, his Children degraded, and his Corps expos'd to the Publick for a Days time; after which he was Interr'd, his Children quitting his Name and Arms, took that of Crutzemberg.— The Counts Scrini and Frangipani were also Condemned for Conspiring with him to deliver the Kingdom of Hungary into other Hands. Hist. of the Troubles of Hungary.
• * Nader, a great City in the Empire of the Mogul, between Se∣ronge and Agra, built round a Mountain which has a Fort on the top. The Houses are generally Thatch'd, and but one Story high, except the better sort, which are of two. A River washes it on three sides, and then falls into the Ganges. Tavernier.
• Nadin, a Fortress of the County of Zara in Dalmatia, which Solyman II. took by Composition: But in 1647, General Pisani re-took it for the Venetians, who afterwards yielded it again to the Turks. In 1682, the Inhabitants quitted and burnt it in the Night, and laid the fault upon the Morlacks. In 1683, Mehe∣met Aga, at the Head of 150 Horse, march'd to Nadin with a design to take Possession of it once more for the Grand Signior. But a considerable Number of the Subjects of the Republick having notice of his intention, prevented him, by putting them∣selves into the Place. Coronelli's Description of the Morea.
• Nania, a Heathen Goddess, to whom the Romans built a Temple without the City, near the Gate, call'd Viminalis, and supposed her to preside over the Dolefull Ditties which were used to be sung at Funerals in honour of the Dead, to the Sound of Flutes and other Instruments, by Women that were hir••d for this Service, and call'd Praeficae. These Funeral Dit∣ties, if we believe Horace lib. II. Ode I. were first invented by Simonides, a Greek Lyrick, and called Naeniae from the Name of the Goddess that had the care of 'em; which word, some think, was first used, because it naturally expresseth the Dolefull whining Tone of their Funeral Singsters: Whence the word is still used to signifie foolish Songs and idle Tales. The Flutes at the Funerals of both Greeks and Romans were not only used to accompany the Voice of those who sung the Naeniae in praise of the Dead, but also to point out the Time when the Assistants were to strike their Breasts in token of their sorrow, for these Knockings were to be perform'd in Cadence with the Musick of the Flutes. Varro de Vet. Pop. Rom. Cicero de Leg.
• Navius (Cneius) a Latin Poet, who, of a Souldier, betook himself to the Writing of Verses and Comedies: His first Co∣medy was Acted at Rome in the 519. U. C. He was also Author of an History in Verse, and several Comedies; but being too Sa∣tyrical, he incurr'd the Displeasure of Metellus, whose Family was very powerfull at Rome; and therefore was Banish'd the City, whence he retir'd to Utica in Africa, where he died the 551 of Rome. Aulus Gellius. Voss. de Hist. Lat. 〈1+ pages missing〉〈1+ pages missing〉

• 〈1+ pages missing〉〈1+ pages missing〉tation of Count Lambert, being enraged, because Charles the Bald had bestowed the City of Nantes on Reinold Earl of Poi∣ctiers, persuades Neomenus to rebell, and with his assistance kill'd Reinold, and took the City of Nantes; but Neomenus afterwards falling out with him, drove him from the City; whereupon Lambert, assisted by the Normans, surprized the Town by Night A. C. 844. kill'd most of the Inhabitants, who were fled for safety into St. Peter's Church, and Murther'd the Bishop that was saying Mass at the High Altar, and carried away with him all those that were left live. A. C. 851. Lambert a second time took this City. Neomenus died not long after, and King Charles the Bald gave the City of Nantes to Herispoux his Son. In this City Henry IV. publisht the Edict of Nantes in favour of the Protestants of his Kingdom in the Month of April 1598, which some Years ago was revok'd by the present King Lewis XIV. in 1685. though he had Sworn to preserve it. Ar∣gent. Histor. Britan. Augustin de Pas. Du Chesne. Sincerus. S. Marth. Pope Vitalian held a Council at Nantes in 658. We have also 20 Canons of a Council celebrated in this City, which, according to the common opinion, were made in 895, under Pope Formosus; but it seems more probable they were Enacted in the Council before mentioned of 658. Another Council was held here in 1127, in the Pontificat of Honorius II. as appears from the 65 and 66 Epistle of that Pope. Vincentius de Pilenis, Archbishop of Tours, held a Synod here in 1263, or 64. And Gabriel de Beauvau, Bishop of this City, published Synodal-Ordinances here in 1642.
• * Nantwich, a Market-Town of Nantwich Hundred, in the South Parts of Cheshire. It stands on the East-side of the River Wener, and is next to Chester for Greatness and Beauty. Here is made great Plenty of white Salt, the best in England: It lies upon the Road from London to Chester. The Market is on Sa∣turday abundantly provided with Corn, Cattle, and other Pro∣visions, and is distant from London 126 Miles.
• Napaeae, Nymphs of Woods and Forests, according to the Opinion of the Heathens, from the Word 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, which sig∣nifies a Wood or a Valley covered with Trees. Servius.
• * Naphtali, a strong City of the Tribe of that Name in the Land of Canaan, on the Dotham, North-West of Sephet, and South-East of Bethsaida, mentioned 1 Kings 4. Tobias is said to have been Born here, and carried thence with the 15 Tribes, by Salmanasser, King of Assyria, in the 6th. Year of Hezekiah, King of Judah. Tobit. 1. 2 Kings 17.18.
• * Napier (Archibald) of Marchistone in Scotland, a profound Scholar, and of great Worth: His Logarithms have rendred him famous throughout the whole World. He wrote also an Exposition of the Revelation, and died in 162—
• Naples, Lat. Neapolis, a great and fair City of Italy, which is the Capital of the Kingdom of Naples. The Italians call it Napoli, and the Spaniards Napoles. Its Name at first was Parthe∣nopea, from a Sirene so called. See Silius Italicus lib. 12. Though Naples be but accounted the third City in Italy for its Bigness, yet for its Strength and Beauty it may well be ac∣counted the first; wherefore also the Italians give it the Name of Gentille, Gentile or Noble: It boasts not without reason of excelling all the Cities of Italy for Beauty, or at least for its Inhabitants and Situation; which is so pleasant, that it allures all the Nobi••••ty of the Kingdom; having on one side a most fertile and delightfull Country; and on the other the prospect of the open Sea, which affords it a very safe Haven. The an∣cient Romans had so high an esteem for the Goodness of the Air about this City, that most of the great ones had their Country-houses in the Neighbourhood of it. There are few Cities in Europe that have more Churches than Naples. The Metropolis is Dedicated to St. January, being one of the 14 Patrons of the City. In this Church is a Chappel built after the Modern way, which is very beautifull and sumptuous, as well by reason of its Statues of Brass as by its extraordinary Painting. The Church also hath a Dome painted by Domenichino. The Egg-Castle, so called, because it stands upon a Rock of an Oval form in the Sea, was built by William III. a Norman. There is also the New-Castle, built by Charles I. of France, and enlarged by Ferdinand of Ar∣ragon, which contains the Palace of the Governour, and a vast Magazine, stor'd with all manner of War-like Instruments and Arms. The Castle of St. Elmo is a Fort that overlooks the City, being built on a high Rock, which commands the Country round about, and was built by the E. Charles V. Besides which, there is the Tower of the Carmelites, that of St. Vincent, and the Castle of Capua. The Palace of the Viceroy is very sumptuous and beautifull; next to which, the most considerable are those of Toledo, the Ursins, Cassignani, Caraffa, of the Princes of Sul∣mona, Stigliani, and those of the Dukes of Atri, Matelona, Gra∣vina, &c. The Street called La-strada di Toledo, is the fairest of all Naples, being paved with hewen Stone, and adorned with a great number of Palaces and Magnificent Houses, most of 'em covered with Plat-forms, where the Inhabitants use to take the fresh Air in the Evening. Naples hath also several fair Squares, surrounded with Iron Balisters, and all painted within, where the Nobility take their Walks. The Mole is an admi∣rable Piece of Work, which runs a quarter of a Mile into the Sea, with a stately Pharos or Light-house at the end of it, where there is a Fountain of fresh water. There are two Academies of Learned Men in this City, Gl' Ardenti and Gl'Otiosi. In 1456. there was an Earthquake in this City which lasted for a Month; and in 1528, it was Besieged by the French, who were forced to raise the Siege by a Pestilence, which consumed above 20000 of their Men. The Kingdom of Naples is the greatest Domi∣nion that is in all Italy; it extends it self in the form of a Pe∣ninsula, having the Ionian Sea on the East, the Gulph of Ve∣nice on the North, the Tyrrhene Sea on the South, and the Do∣minions of the Church on the West. It is commonly divided in∣to 12 Provinces, viz. Terra di Lavoro, the hither Principality, the further Principality, the Basilicata, the hither Calabria, the further Calabria, Terra di Otranto, Terra di Barri, la Capitanata, the County of Molisso, with the hither and further Abruzzo. All these Provinces were so well Peopled, that they contained for∣merly no less than 2700 Cities, Villages or Parishes, though it may be at present somewhat diminished. Besides, there are in this Kingdom 23 Archbishopricks, about 125 Bishopricks, 45 or 50 Principalities, 65 or 80 Dukedoms, 90 or 100 Marquisates, 65 Earldoms, and 1000 Baronies; whereof there are about 400 that are very ancient. The most considerable Cities of this King∣dom, next to Naples, are Acerenza, Amalfi, Lanciano, Capua, Gayeta, Gravina, Cosenza, Otranto, Manfredonia, Nola, Nocera, Rossana, Regio, Salerno, Tarento, Conza, Sorento, Brundusium, Barri, Benevento, which belongs to the Pope, &c. The Lakes of Fun∣di and Averno, and the Mountains Vesuvius, Posilippo, Falerno, are considerable. Its most noted Rivers are Volturn, Trionto, Of∣frante and Gallesse. The Air of the Country is wonderfull clear and healthy, and the Soil extreamly fruitfull, affording great plenty of all things; which makes the Italians say, That Naples is a Paradise inhabited by Devils; and another Proverb of theirs saith, Napoli Odorifera & Gentile, ma la Gente cativa; Naples is a sweet and genteel, or noble City, but its Inhabitants are Miscre∣ants. The Neopolitans were always very faithfull to the Romans, but their Country came into the hands of the Goths in the 5th. Century. Belisarius, the Emperour Justinian's General, having made his Souldiers enter by the Conduits, took Naples A. C. 537. but Totilas took it again in 543. Next the Lombards were possessed of it, till their Kingdom was destroyed by Charlemaigne in 774, whose Children shared this Kingdom with the Greeks, who sometime after subdued the whole, but were dispossess'd of the greatest part of it by the Saracens in the 9th. and 10th. Century, who continued here untill the Normans, Fierabras, Dreux and Guischard Duke of Calabria and Puglia, quite drove them away in the 11th. Century, and continued in possession of the Kingdom, till the Marriage of Henry IV. Son of the Em∣perour Frederick Barbarossa, with Constantia the Posthumous Daughter of Roger Duke of Puglia, in 1186. of which Marriage was Born Frederick II. who was the Father of Conrade, and he of Conradine; but the Kingdom of Naples submitted it self to Man∣fredus, Bastard to Frederick II. who was dethron'd by Charles of Anjou, Brother to St. Lewis, upon whom the Popes Urban IV. and Clement IV. had bestowed the Investiture of that Kingdom. The Princes of the House of Anjou possessed this Dominion till the time of Queen Joan the II. who Adopted Alphonsus V. King of Arragon, but his Ingratitude made her afterwards de∣clare Lewis III. Duke of Anjou her Heir; who dying, she be∣queathed it by her Last Will to Renatus of Anjou, Brother of Lewis, who took possession of it after the Death of Joan, but did not enjoy it long, the Arragonians making themselves Ma∣sters of it, who possessed it till the Conquest made of that King∣dom by Charles VIII. and afterwards Lewis XII. of France. But at last the famous Captain Gonsalva expell'd the French un∣der the Reign of Ferdinand King of Spain, and ever since that time his Successors have been Masters of it, who do homage for it to the Pope every year, by presenting a white Hackney and a Purse with 6000 Ducats, being a Fieff of the Church: because the Popes had formerly chased the Saracens thence. The City and Kingdom of Naples have produced many great Men, as Sta∣tius, Sannazzarro, Marini, Alexander ab Alexandro, &c. See di∣vers Travels of Italy; and more particularly la Guida de Forastieri Curiosi de vedere le Cose piu notabili della Regal Citta di Napoli, dall Abbate Sarnelli in 12^o. Printed at Naples 1686. and the Treatise of Father Cantel the Jesuit, intituled, Metropolitanarum Urbium Hi∣storia. It is known to all that the Neapolitans rebelled in 1646, and 1647. and that the Rebellion began in the Market-place by means of a poor Fisher-man, called Thomas Angelo Maja; but for short∣ness, Masaniello, who for 15 days together Commanded 200000 Men, who obeyed him without reserve. The Number of Kings of Naples from 1055, to 1666, are 48. This City is 125 Miles South-East of Rome, and thought to have been founded by Her∣cules, A. M. 2725. when Tola judged Israel. The Chalcidians enlarged it, and the Romans took it from the Samnites about the 463. of Rome. It has a Noble Palace, formerly belonging to their Kings, but now the Residence of the Viceroy. It has 110 Magnificent Churches, and 100 Convents very rich and stately, every one of which would be thought worth the seeing in a∣nother place; the Mass of Plate laid up in them helps to im∣poverish the City, and each of the Monasteries having the li∣berty to buy all the Houses that lie on either side of the Street where they stand, they may come in time to be Proprietors of the whole City, as the other Ecclesiasticks are in a fair way to be of the Kingdom, four Fifths of it being already in their hands, which makes it one of the poorest of Europe. Naples is reckoned to be Situated the best of any City in this part of the World, and is one of the largest and most populous in Italy, being 7 Miles in compass; and besides its advantageous Situa∣tion

• betwixt the Sea and the Mountains, is guarded by fou•• strong Castles or Cittadels. It's not above half so big as London or Paris, but more beautifull than either, the Streets being large and broad, and the Pavement great and noble; the Stones of it generally a Foot square. The City abounds with Palaces and great Buildings, and is well supplied by daily Markets, their Wine and Flesh being reckoned the best in Europe. It's scarcely ever cold in the Winter, and the cool Breezes from the Mountains refresh it in the Summer. The Catacombs of this City are more noble and large than those of Rome, both of which Dr. Burnet proves to have been the Sepulchres of the Pagans, and not as was commonly thought, the Works of the Primitive Christians. It has a very safe and capacious Harbour, and much frequented by all Trading Nations of Europe. The Kingdom is the Richest in Italy; the very Mountains which compose near one half, producing Wine and Oyl, the latter of 'em being Exported by the English for Soap, &c. as is their Corn for Spain. The Inhabitants, especially the Women, are very superstitious, and generally so lazy, that they starve in the midst of Plenty; and their Clergy are Ignorant and Cove∣tous. June the 5th. and 6th. 1688. there happened an Earth∣quake here, which on the 6th. over-turned abundance of the Churches and Religious Houses, particularly the Jesuites Church, destroyed three Ships in the Harbour, and a third part of the City. It continued more or less to the 17th. when the Earth opened in several places, vomiting out Smoak and Flames, like Vesuvius; which so terrified the Inhabitants, that two Thirds of them went to seek new Habitations. Dr. Burnet's Tra∣vels, &c.
• Naples (Garnier de) Ninth Great Master of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem, succeeded Roger de Moulins in 1187. He was Born at Naples, or Napoli de Syria, and Lord of the City Crac in Arabia, which he bestowed upon the Order, now called Montreal, and is situate upon the Confines of the Holy Land. It was the Capital of Arabia Petraea, in the time of the Arabian Kings; at present the Grand Seignior hath made a kind of Ma∣gazine of it, where he keeps the Revenues of Egypt and Arabia. There was also a Castle of the same Name in the Earldom of Tripoli in Syria. Garnier enjoyed this Dignity onely two Months, for he died of his Wounds received in a Battle against Saladine, where King Guy of Lusignan was made Prisoner, with most of the chief Men of his Kingdom; for finding the Army to be totally routed, he fought his way through the Enemy, and got to Ascalon, where he died 10 days after, and Emengardus Daps succeeded him. Bosio's History of the Order of St. John of Je∣rusalem.
• Naplouse, or Napoulouse, a City of Palaestina, where Gara∣mond, Patriarch of Jerusalem, celebrated a Council for the Reforma∣tion of Manners in 1120, as we are informed by Gulielmus Tyrius. We must not confound this City with Sebaste, which was the same with Samaria. Napoulouse is seated at the Foot of Mount Gerizim. It was formerly called Sychar. See Cellarius Histor. Samar. c. 1.
• Napoli di Malvasia: See Malvasia.
• Napoli di Romania, Lat. Nauplia, so called from Nauplius, the Son of Hercules. 'Tis situate on the East-side of the Morea, upon a Bay, to which it gives the Denomination, in the Pro∣vince of Sacania, or the Lesser Romania. It is built upon the top of a small Promontory, which is divided into two parts; one side whereof runs into the Sea, and forms a safe and spaci∣ous Haven; and the other side, towards the Land, renders the Passage to the Town almost inaccessible, there being no other but a narrow and stony way to come to it, between the Moun∣tain Palamida and the Sea-shore. The Entrance of the Haven is so narrow, that no more than one Galley can pass at once; but the inside of it is capable of a whole Fleet. This City, for∣merly, was a Bishop's See, under the Archbishop of Corinth; but is now an Archbishoprick. It contains above 60000 Greeks, besides a vast Number of Inhabitants of other Nations. * In 1205. it was taken by the French and Venetians; and a little af∣ter King Giannoviza seized and plundered it. The Venetians bought it of Peter Cornaro's Widow in 1383, and defended it gallantly against Mahomet 2d. in 1460, obliging him to raise the Siege, as they did Solyman, Anno 1537. Two years after they quitted it to the Grand Seignior to procure a Peace. In 1686, General Morosini, after he had taken Navarin and Modon, or∣dered General Coningsmark to possess himself of Mount Pala∣mida, which is within Musquet-shot of the Town, and Com∣mands it; and whilst he battered it from this place, General Morosini gave Battle to the Serasquier, who came to relieve it; defeated him, and took Argos, their Fleet at the same time ta∣king Ternis. August the 29th. the Serasquier advanced again with 1000 Men, and fell upon the Venetians in their Trenches, where the Battle was dubious for three hours; but at last the Turks fled, General Coningsmark, the Princes of Brunswick and Turenne Signalizing themselves in the Action. After the Battle, the Siege was pusht on with Vigour, and the Turks Capitulated to Surrender, on the usual Terms, and were conducted to Tenedos. The Venetians found in the Castle 17 Brass Cannon, 7 Iron Can∣non, and 1 Mortar. This City is Capital of the Morea, and was the Residence of the Sangiac. It is seated on the River Ina∣chus, 60 Miles North-East of Misitra, 55 North-West of Athens, and 36 South of Corinth, and situated as well for Defence and Commerce as any place in Europe. Coronelli Descript. Moreae.
• * Narbarth, a Market-Town of Narbarth Hundred, in the North-West of Pembrokeshire, about two Miles from the Sea.
• Narbon, a City of France in Languedoc, upon the River Aude, and an Archbishop's See. It is one of the most ancient Cities of that Kingdom. The Romans setled a Colony here, and made it the Capital of Gallia Narbonensis, and bestowed several Names upon it, as Narbo, Narbona, Narbo Martius, Civitas Acacinorum, Colonia Decumanorum, &c. It is situate in the midst of a low Plain, and watered by an Arm of the River Aude, which brings up Barges from the Sea, whence it is but two Leagues distant. The Romans had a great Esteem for this place; for we find that Crassus, Julius Caesar, Tiberius, &c. did People it three several times, and bestowed great Privileges upon it. The Pro-consuls had their ordinary Residence here, and honoured it with a Ca∣pitol and Amphitheatre, erected Municipal Schools, built Baths, Aquaeducts, &c. and fill'd it with all the Marks of the Roman Greatness: In acknowledgment of which favours, the Inhabi∣tants erected an Altar in Honour of Augustus, as appears by an Inscription found in the XVI. Century. In 435, the Visigoths Besieged this City in vain; but it was Treacherously delivered to them in 462, by Count Agripin. And in 732, the Saracens took it from them, being admitted into the City as friends, but slew all, except the King. In 736, Charles Martel took it from the Saracens; since which it hath been subject to the Crown of France. The Cathedral Church is very ancient and famous, and is by some supposed to have been a Metropolitan See, since the Year 309. It is Dedicated to St. Justus and St. Martyr, and Renowned for its Organs, and the History of the Raising of Lazarus, painted by an excellent Hand. The City is well for∣tified, and hath onely two Gates. The Dukes of Septimania, were also Dukes of Narbon; and the Earls of Tholouse, who suc∣ceeded them, used the same Title; and the City and Diocess was governed under them by Viscounts. Gaston de Foix, King of Navarre, in 1468, bestowed the Viscounty of Narbon upon John his second Son, who Married the Sister of Lewis XII. by whom he had Gaston de Foix, kill'd at the Battle of Ravenna in 1513. This Gaston exchanged the City and Lordship of Nar∣bon with his Uncle, for other Lands in 1507, by which means it became United to the Crown of France. Pontanus Itinerar. Gall. Narbonens. Jul. Scalig. de claris Urbib. Galliae. Elias Vinet. Narbon. Votum. La Perriere. Annal. de Foix. Of the Councils held at Narbon, consult St. Marth. Gallia Christiana. D. Marca, Archbishop of Paris, hath published and cleared several Anti∣quities of this City in the VII. and VIII. Chapters of his Marca Hispanica, Printed at Paris, in Fol. 1688.
• Narcis, Bishop of Gironne, whose Body the Inhabitants of that City pretend to have whole and entire; and report, that when Philip III. of France besieged it in 1285, a vast swarm of Flies came out of his Tomb, and destroyed the French Army: But an Historian, quoted by de Marca, and who lived at the same time, saith, That the French having taken Gironne, and being desirous each of them to have some Relique of this Saint, crumbled him into a thousand pieces. Marc. Hispan.
• Narcissus was the Son of the River Cephissus, and of Liriope; he was a Youth of extraordinary Beauty, and disdained the Love made to him by the Nymph Echo; but afterwards chan∣cing to see his own Face in a Fountain, fell in love with him∣self; which Passion consuming him, he was changed into the Flower Narcissus, or Dassadil Ovid. Metamorph.
• Narcissus, Bishop of Jerusalem, lived towards the end of the 2d. Century. He held a Council about the time of the Cele∣bration of Easter. This holy Man was accused of unchastity by three persons, whom he had severely rebuked for their Vices. They cursed themselves with horrible Imprecations, if what they said was not true, and God punished them accord∣ingly; for the first of them was burnt in his House, together with his whole Family; the second was struck with a Sore, which rotted away his Flesh by piece-meal; and the third lost his Eye-sight. Narcissus, who upon this false Accusation had voluntarily banisht himself, returned to Jerusalem towards the end of his life, where God confirmed his Innocence by many Miracles. Euseb. Baron.
• Narden, or Naerden, Lat. Nardenum, a City of Holland, being the Capital of Goylandt, three Leagues from Amsterdam, and a∣bout as far from Utrecht. It was almost entirely ruined in the XIV. Century, and the remaining part of it was drowned by the Sea, but rebuilt by William III. of Bavaria, Earl of Holland, in 1355. Those of Utrecht took it in 1481, by disguising their Souldiers like Country Women; who entring the place on a Market-day, made themselves Masters of it; but the Inhabi∣tants were quit with them not long after. This City was, in a manner, wholly consumed by Fire in 1486; but about 100 years after it suffered much more by the Cruelty of the Spani∣ards, under the Command of Frederick de Toledo, Duke of Alva; for the Inhabitants having opened their Gates to him, he cau∣sed them to be butcher'd in a most barbarous manner. The French, by Treachery, took Naerden in 1672; but it was re∣taken again, after a Siege of some Weeks, in 1674. Junius in Batav. Descript. Marczucrius Theatr. Holland. Grotius & Strada de Bel. Belg.
• Nardo, a City of the Kingdom of Naples in Terra di Otranto, with the Title of a Dukedom belonging to the House of Con∣versano, and a Bishoprick under the Archbishop of Brindes; si∣tuated in a very pleasant Plain, two or three Miles from the 〈1+ pages missing〉〈1+ pages missing〉

• Naudaeus (Gabriel) Canon of Verdun, and Prior of Artige in Limosine: He was Born at Paris in the 17th. Age; and ap∣plying himself to Study, he made a very great progress in the Liberal Sciences, Critical Learning, and Knowledge of Lan∣guages. He was Library-keeper to the Cardinals Bagni and Antonio Barbarini at Rome, and afterward to Cardinal Mazarin in France. He had provided himself a very copious Library; and his Fame spreading far and near, Christina, Queen of Sweden, sent for him to Stockholm, and bestowed many Marks of her Favour and Esteem upon him. At his return from this Voyage, he died at Abbeville the 29th. of July 1653. Gabriel Naudaeus writ several Books, viz. Syntagma de studio Militari. An Apology for great Men, who have been accus'd of Magick. In∣struction concerning the Chimerical Society of the Rosy Cross. Advice for the ordering of a Library. An Appendix to the Life of Lewis XI. A Treatise of Politicks, &c. See his Life writ by Fa. Lewis Jacob.
• Naugracut, a City and Kingdom of the East-Indies, in the Dominions of the Great Mogul. The Kingdom is situate to∣wards the Northern part of Mount Caucasus, and the Confines of Tartary. The City stands upon the River Ravee, which passeth from thence to Labor, before it loseth it self in the great River Indus.
• Navire; An Order of Knighthood, otherwise called the Ultra∣marine, or Beyond Sea Order, or the Order of the Double Crescent, instituted by St. Lewis in 1269, to encourage the Lords of France to undertake the Holy Land Expedition. The Collar of this Order was interlac'd with Escalops and Double Crescents, with a Ship hanging at it; the Ship and the Escalop-shells represent∣ing the Voyage by Sea; and the Crescents, intimating the Ex∣pedition, was design'd against the Turks. The Double Cre∣scents, plac'd Salterwise, were Argent; and the Escalops, or the Ship represented in an Oval, was Argent in a Field, Gules. St. Lewis also granted to this Order of Knights, to bear, as an additional Honour in their Arms, a Ship Argent in chief, with the Flags of France, in a Field Or. The first who re∣ceived this Order were St. Lewis his three Sons, and several o∣ther Lords that accompanied him in that Voyage. This Or∣der did not continue long in France, but was afterwards very Illustrious in the Kingdoms of Naples and Sicily, for Charles of France Earl of Anjou, Brother of King Lewis, made it his Order, and of the Kings of Naples his Successors: And Renatus of An∣jou, King of Sicily, restored it under the Name of the Order of the Crescent, in the Year 1448. Favin. Theatr. d' Honneur & de Chevalerie.
• Naumachia, a spacious place at Rome, hollow, in the form of a great Bason, which they could fill with Water at pleasure, and surrounded with Buildings to accommodate the Spectators that came to see the Iudicrous Naval Combats that were there exhibited to the People. The most Magnificent Naumachia's of Rome were those of Julius Caesar, of Augustus, of the Empe∣ror Claudius, of Nero and Domitian. The Emperor Heliogabalus Exhibited a Naumachia, which he caus'd to be fill'd with Wine instead of Water. Plin. Lamprid. in Heliogab.
• Naumburg, Lat. Neoburgum, a City of Germany in Misnia, a Province of Saxony, upon the River Sala, with a Bishoprick, which formerly was under the Archbishop of Magdeburg. It lies six Miles from Leipsick and eight from Erfurt, and former∣ly was subject to its Prelate, but is now under a Secular Prince of the House of Saxony. The Dukes of Saxony took Naumburg during the Religious Civil Wars of Germany, and it was yield∣ed to them by the Treaty of Passau in 1552. See Cluvier. and Paulus Longius de Episc. Neoburgensi.
• * Naupactus, or Naupactum, the Metropolis of Aetolia, upon the Bay of Corinth, 95 Miles from Nicopolis, and 145 North of Metho. It is the Seat of a Bassa, being taken by the Turks under Bajazet in 1449. Anno 1571, the Christians obtain'd a great Vi∣ctory near this place, over the Turks at Sea, called Praelium Nau∣pactinum. Naupactum excubare is a Proverb, denoting those that perish by their own Sloth; as Pausanias, who was killed there by the Greeks, when Captain of the Guards. Thuan.
• Nauplius, King of Seriphus and Eubaea, whose Son Palamedes was condemn'd to Death for a Traitor at the Siege of Troy, by the false Accusation of Ulysses: His Father, to be reveng'd of this injury, seeing the Graecian Fleet driven by Tempest upon his Coast, he set forth a Light upon the top of an high Rock, called Capharaeus, with design, that steering their Course that way, they might be Shipwrackt upon it, which happened ac∣cordingly; but hearing that Ulysses and Diomedes (upon whom he particularly desired to avenge himself) had escaped the dan∣ger, he for grief cast himself head-long into the Sea. Diodor. Hygin.
• Naurus, or Neurus, the Name whereby the Persians denote the first day of their year, which begins at the Spring Equinox, and signifies as much as New-day. The Minatzim, or Astro∣nomers, take care to observe the Minute when the Sun touch∣eth the Equator; and as soon as they have given notice there∣of to the People, they make publick Rejoicings to welcome in the New-year. Olearius's Travels into Persia.
• Naxos, Lat. Naxios, Naxia, an Island of the Aegean Sea, or Archipelago, one of the Cyclades, which is also called Nicsia and Strongyle. It belongs to the Turks, and the Inhabitants pay a Tribute yearly of 6000 Piasters. It abounds with Marble and good Wines; for which reason the Ancients consecrated it to Bacchus, who there received and entertained Ariadne, when forsaken by Theseus. The Air of this Isle is wonderfull healthy for Old People. There is never a Port or Haven in this Island; and therefore the Vessels that Trade hither are forced to ride in the Haven of the Isle of Paro, about six Miles from Naxia. In this Isle are the Ruins of a Temple dedicated to Bacchus; and here is also found the Stone called Emeril, wherewith Jewellers polish their Jewels, and Glasiers cut Glass. As to the Religion of the Isle, some are of the Latin Church, and others of the Greek, and each of them have their Archbishop. Taver∣nier's Persian Travels. Bacchus Temple was built on a Rock, encompassed by the Sea, and joyned to the Island by a Draw∣bridge; the Gate of the Temple is still to be seen, and the Pipes which conveyed the Wine into the Reservatories. This is reckoned the fairest Island in the Archipelago, and was the Re∣sidence of the Ancient Dukes, who Commanded the Cyclade••. It has three Cities, Barequa, Qusa and Falet; abounds with Fruit, Cattle and Deer, and is about 84 Miles in compass. The Inhabitants have plenty of all things; but are not rec∣koned above 5000. Most of the Inhabitants of the Chief Town, which stands in the North-West of the Island, are Papists. It was taken by the Turks, under Soliman the Great, in 1537. since which it hath paid Tribute. The North-side is Mountainous, but the South Plain and Arable, and has the Ruins of two of Apollo's Temples, one of them now dedicated to St. Salvador. Struys, pag. 109, says, he was there in 1657, and that the City Naxia has a large and commodious Haven, capable of the greatest Ships, and lies fair for all Winds, which was not known to other Geographers, as appears by the above-menti∣on'd Description.
• Nazareth, a Town of Galilee, in the Tribe of Zabulon, fa∣mous for Christ's abode there. It is 30 Leagues North of Je∣rusalem, on the side of a Mountain, where the Inhabitants have hewed out small Grotto's in a Rock, in form of Chambers, and before them a kind of a Hall, making the House consist of two Rooms, a Floor, and but one Story high. The Blessed Virgin's House was thus: The sore Room, from East to West, 26 Foot long, and 13 wide; the Door toward the South, and at the East-end a little Chimny, and on one side of it a little Cup∣board in the Wall; on the West-side was a Window; the in∣ner Room toward the North was 16 Foot long, and 5 and a half wide at one end, and 10 at another; the hight 10 Foot; and the Rom. Catholicks will have it, that after Christ's Ascension the Apostles turn'd this House into two Chappels, with an Altar in each; and so they continued till St. Helena's time, who inclo∣sed them in a Magnificent Church, leaving them in their an∣cient simplicity. In 1291, Seraph Sultan of Egypt having sub∣dued the Holy Land, destroyed the Town, levelled the Chur∣ches, and banished the Christians; at which time, they say, that Angels transported the Virgin's House first into Dalmatia, and three years after into Italy, placing it in a Field belong∣ing to a Devout Lady, called Loretto; and eight Months and a half after moved it to a Neighbouring Hill; and then a little further, where it now stands. However, the Eastern Christi∣ans built a House, resembling it, afterwards in that same place whence it was taken; and there they pretend to shew you the House where the Virgin was born, and part of the Synagogue where our Saviour explain'd that passage of Isaiah concerning himself, Joseph's Shop, and the Well whence the Virgin had her Water, &c. This Town was afterward made an Arch∣bishoprick, but now it's a poor ruinous Village, inhabited by Moors; and there is nothing to be seen but the Chappel and Cave which are kept by some Franciscans. Doubdan Voiage de la Terre Saint. Misson's Voiage into Italy. Emilian's Frauds of Monks, Priests, &c.
• Nazarites: The Name of Persons under the Jewish Law, who made a Vow to abstain from the Fruit of the Vine, from sha∣ving their Heads or cutting their Hair, and from polluting themselves by the Dead; and that either for a term of time, or to their lives end. See Numb. 6.2. to 22. Judg. 13.7. Also a Sect of Christians who received Circumcision. St. Epiphan. Haer. 29. Theodoret. de H••er. fab. Baron. in Appar. Annal.
• Nazianzum, a City of Cappadocia, which at first was a Bi∣shop's See, and afterwards a Metropolis under the Patriarch of Constantinople; and is famous for having been the Birth-place of St. Gregory Nazianzen, whose Father was Bishop of this City, whom he succeeded. See Gregory Nazianzen.