A systeme of anatomy, treating of the body of man, beasts, birds, fish, insects, and plants illustrated with many schemes, consisting of variety of elegant figures, drawn from the life, and engraven in seventy four folio copper-plates. And after every part of man's body hath been anatomically described, its diseases, cases, and cures are concisely exhibited. The first volume containing the parts of the lowest apartiments of the body of man and other animals, etc. / by Samuel Collins ...

CHAP. XLIX. Of the Winde-pipe of less perfect Animals.

THE Aspera Arteria of a Sea Tortoise, * 1.1 seemeth to have no Larynx, by reason the top of the Wind-pipe hath the same, or not much larger dimensions than the other parts of it, but in regard of its Rimula (commonly called the Glottis) though it be very small, yet it must be a part of the Larynx, as being a Fissure of the Arytaenoides, where the two Carti∣lages are not conjoyned: * 1.2 And the Aspera Arteria is beset with many annular Cartilages, which are perfectly Circular as far as I could see in a Tortoise, Dissected by Learned Dr. Browne, at Mr. Hobb's House, in the presence of Renowned Dr. Whisler, and divers other Persons of Quality.

The Trachaea of this Animal hath an equal bore, till it is divided into two branches, before it entreth into the body of the Lungs, which is rare in more perfect Animals.

The Aspera Arteria of a Crocodile, * 1.3 is very remarkable for its Epiglottis, as being very broad, and of a Semicircular Figure, filling up the Interstice of the Fauces; and the Trachaea is beset with many annular Cartilages, ma∣king up complete Circles (as in a Sea Tortoise) without the interposition of any Membranous substance.

The Aspera Arteria of a Viper, * 1.4 is endued with a great length, and beset with numerous Cartilages, interspersed with Membranes, as in other Ani∣mals, and passeth over some part of the Stomach † 1.5 (as Dissected in a Su∣pine posture) and afterward creepeth under it, and then after a little space entreth into the Lungs.

The Aspera Arteria in an ordinary Snake, * 1.6 hath the structure of a Viper, and of other Animals, and maketh its progress all along the inside of the Spine † 1.7, and then creepeth under the Heart, and after small space is received into the Compage of the Lungs.

The Larynx of a Snake (called Caprimulgus) from the sucking the Teats of Goats) is rendred Conspicuous, * 1.8 as being exerted in the distortion of the Mouth; and the root of the Tongue being often vibrated near the head of the Aspera Arteria, maketh the hissing sound, when they are much surprised with fear.

The Trachaea in this Animal is furnished with many Cartilaginous rings, which grow Membranous when they lean upon the Gulet, as it is found in most Animals.

Insects have a great Apparatus of Trachaeae, which transmit Air into most, if not all the Viscera, as most Ingenious Malpighius hath discovered in these admirable Minute Animals.

A Silk worm is furnished with a great company of Air-vessels, * 1.9 that every Annulus or Section of it is endued with a pair, and the sides all along the Body in length, are marked with many black spots, which are so many Orifices of Trachaeae, transmitting Air through various Pipes into the Heart, Stomach, Intestines, Spinal Marrow, and Bowels of the whole Body; So that the Concoction is not only performed in the Stomach and Intestines by Air conveyed by the Air-vessels, but the Spirit of Life and Motion is main∣tained

by Air, conveyed into the Heart and Muscular parts by Trachaeae, which may be made good by this experiment of anointing the black Specks, the extremities of the Wind-pipes with Oyl, Butter, or any other unctious Matter, which produceth Paralytick Indispositions and Convulsive motions, the forerunners of Death, caused by intercepting the current of Air into the noble parts, by stopping up the Orifices of the Trachaeae, with clammy Liquor.

Notes

• * 1.1

  The Trachaea of a Sea Tor∣toise.
• * 1.2

  The Carti∣lages of Ani∣mals are Cir∣cular.
• * 1.3

  The Trachaa of a Croco∣dile.
• * 1.4

  The Aspera Arteria of a Viper.
• † 1.5

  T. 41. F. 1. c c c.
• * 1.6

  The Aspera Arteria of a common Snake.
• † 1.7

  T. 41. F. 2. e e e.
• * 1.8

  The Aspera Arteria of a Snake, called Caprimulgus.
• * 1.9

  The Trachaeae of a Silkworm are numerous which enter into the Vis∣cera of the middle and lowest Apar∣timent.