A systeme of anatomy, treating of the body of man, beasts, birds, fish, insects, and plants illustrated with many schemes, consisting of variety of elegant figures, drawn from the life, and engraven in seventy four folio copper-plates. And after every part of man's body hath been anatomically described, its diseases, cases, and cures are concisely exhibited. The first volume containing the parts of the lowest apartiments of the body of man and other animals, etc. / by Samuel Collins ...

CHAP. XXV. Of the Kindeys of Fish.

THe Kidneys of a Porpess * 1.1 † 1.2, well described by Learned Dr. Edward Tyson, in his Anatomical Treatise of it, seem to me to resemble in Figure two Ovals clapped together; and are two Systems of numerous Glands, immured with a common Coat, and every one too, is encircled with a proper Membrane, by which as by a fine Wall, they are severed one from another, and are made up of a Cortical part, and of various sorts of Vessels, as subservient to the secretion of the watry, from the more refined particles of Blood.

These Glands seem not much to exceed the bigness of a Pea, and are adorned with variety of Figures, as having more or less Angles, by which they are Discriminated from each other.

The body of the Kidney, is integrated of two ranks of fruitful Glands, one seated above another, and are so closely conjoyned to each other, by the mediation of Membranes, that they cannot easily be parted.

The Kidneys of a Gurnet, * 1.3 are seated on each side of the Spine, which is larger in its beginning † 1.4, and groweth less in its progress, and is endued with a kind of Pyramidal Figure † 1.5.

The Origen † 1.6 of these Kidneys, is much more expanded then the other parts, which afterward grow much less, as consisting of many smaller Glo∣bules † 1.7.

The Terminations of the Kidneys in this Fish, are larger in Dimensions then the middle, and do end near the Extreamity of the Guts, and are two Lobules, endued with a Conick Figure † 1.8.

The Kidneys of an Eel, * 1.9 have their beginning † 1.10 near the Gills, and take their progress as in other Fish, on each side of the Spine † 1.11, and are of great length, according to the make of the Fish; and have their lower Extrea∣mity endued with a point, near their Termination into the Intestinum Rectum, as having no Bladder of Urine.

The Emulgent Blood Vessels † 1.12, descend all along the right side of the Spine, and do impart many Branches to the Glands of the Kidneys.

This Fish as well as many others, doth discharge Urine, gross Excrements, Eggs, and Seminal Liquor, through the Intestinum Rectum, and Anus † 1.13, as the Termination of it.

The Originations † 1.14 of the Kidneys in a Carp, are very small, * 1.15 and take their first rife as it were in obtuse Cones.

Their progress † 1.16 is larger, and furnished with numerous Glands, some Oval, or Round, others are Oblong, and of a Conick Figure, and after two or three Inches, they go transversely to each side, as having Processes in form of a Cross † 1.17, and have afterward smaller Processes † 1.18 derived from the Cruciform Process, taking their progress on each side of the Spine † 1.19.

The Origen † 1.20 of the Kidney in a Flounder, is larger in Dimensions then the other parts, and maketh its progress in a Semicircular manner, and after Pyramidal Figure † 1.21; its Base being seated in its beginning, and its Cone † 1.22 in the Termination, near the Bladder of Urine.

A Tench hath small-Origens, Cruciform Processes, * 1.23 and Pyramidal Pro∣gresses below the Cross of the Kidneys, ending in an acute Cone; in all which, this Fish perfectly resembleth that of a Carp.

A Thornback hath Kidneys much different from other Fish, in the man∣ner of the Globules, which are placed edgwise, and are Systems composed of many Glands, of several Figures and Magnitudes

The beginning † 1.24 of these Kidneys, are much smaller then their Termi∣nations † 1.25.

Notes

• * 1.1

  The Kidneys of a Porpess.
• † 1.2

  T. 12. c c.
• * 1.3

  The Kidneys of a Gurnet.
• † 1.4

  T. 38. F. 4. a a.
• † 1.5

  b b.
• † 1.6

  c c.
• † 1.7

  d d d.
• † 1.8

  e e.
• * 1.9

  The Kidneys of an Ecl.
• † 1.10

  T. 41. F. 2. f f f f.
• † 1.11

  iii.
• † 1.12

  g g g g.
• † 1.13

  k.
• † 1.14

  T. 43. F. 1. a.
• * 1.15

  The Kidneys of a Carp.
• † 1.16

  b b.
• † 1.17

  c c.
• † 1.18

  e e e e.
• † 1.19

  h h.
• † 1.20

  T. 44. h.
• † 1.21

  iii.
• † 1.22

  k.
• * 1.23

  The Kidneys of a Tench.
• † 1.24

  T. 44. F. 4. a a.
• † 1.25

  b.