Pharmacopœia Bateana, or, Bate's dispensatory translated from the second edition of the Latin copy, published by Mr. James Shipton : containing his choice and select recipe's, their names, compositions, preparations, vertues, uses, and doses, as they are applicable to the whole practice of physick and chyrurgery : the Arcana Goddardiana, and their recipe's intersperst in their proper places, which are almost all wanting in the Latin copy : compleated with above five hundred chymical processes, and their explications at large, various observations thereon, and a rationale upon each process : to which are added in this English edition, Goddard's drops, Russel's pouder [sic], and the Emplastrum febrifugum, those so much fam'd in the world : as also several other preparations from the Collectanea chymica, and other good authors / by William Salmon ...

CHAP. IX. Of MAGISTERIES and ARCANƲMS.

1. Magist••••ium Antimonii Diaph••••etici; The Magi∣stery of Antimony Diapho∣retick.

Bate▪ IT 〈◊〉〈◊〉 made of Antimo∣ny diaphoretick, ••oy∣led in Water and filtrated, by a••••••••••g ••••••m dissolved, preci∣pi••••••ng and washing, S. A. Dose 〈…〉〈…〉 ad ℈j. It has the same Vertues with Ceruse of A••••imony.

Salmon.] § 1. It is an ex∣cellent Sudorifick and Dia∣phoretick, resolves the coagu∣lation of the Blood, opens Obstructions, sweetens the Juices of the Body, prevails against Feavers, Pleurisies, and the like Diseases. Dose à ℈j. ad ℈iss.

§ 2. Now whereas that Antimony diaphoretick, ei∣ther by Age or some other accident, does many times acquire an Emetick quality, th••••▪ by means of this Ope∣ration, is freed therefrom, and the Patient more secure in the taking of it.

§ 3. You may give it in all cases wherein Pearl is gi∣ven, and it is ordinarily exhi∣bited in the so much celebra∣ted Pearl-Cordials, and for the same intentions is of good use.

§ 4. Le Febur makes this Magistery or Precipitate out of the first Water wherein the fixt Nitre is dissolved, which comes off from the first wash∣ing of the Diaphoretick Anti∣mony, because, says he, the na∣ture of this Salt is altered by the Sulphur of the Antimony, and is become of the condition of an Alcali and lixivial Salt, whose quality and essence is subtil, penetrating and igneous, rather than corrosive, which is the reason it has dissolved the purest part of the Antimonial Regulus, impregnated with its fixt and solar Sulphur, very well concocted and digested, by the action of the Fire and Nitre.

§ 5. And though this Water appears clear, yet it has con∣tracted a weight and substance out of the Antimony, which must be precipitated: This our Author does with Alum dissol∣ved in Water, but Le Febur with Spirit of Vinegar, so (says he) will it turn imme∣diately as white as Milk, be∣cause the Diaphoretick was hid∣den in the dissolution of it, and does manifest itself with no un∣pleasant smell, but contrari∣wise has the very smell of Cream or sowrish Whey, whilst it is edulcorating, which is done with fair Water, then dryed and kept for use.

§ 6. And this Precipitate is of a very good smell, by reason of the fixedness of its internal Sulphur; whereas that prepared out of the com∣mon Sulphur Auratum with Spirit of Vinegar, has a very ill and unpleasing smell, be∣cause it is nothing else but the external, impure, and vo∣latile Sulphur, which the Salt had drawn to it self, being not sufficient to draw it and expel it away, much less to fix it, the parts of the Nitre and Antimony in making Crocus Metallorum being but equal; whereas in making Antimony Diaphoretick there is Nitre, p. ij. to Antimony p. j. and after the Detonation is over, Nitre, p. j. more, is added, to perfect the matu∣ration and fixation of all the crude and indigested remai∣ning matter.

§ 7. This is thought ne∣cessary to be said, to inform the Sons of Art, That what∣soever fixes a Substance ought ever to be at least in tripple proportion to the matter to be fixed, and contrariwise, what∣ever is to be volatilized must be less in the same tripple pro∣portion to the matter volatili∣zing, if not sometimes quadru∣ple; as ℥iv. of Spirit to vola∣tilize ℥i. of Salt, and ℥iv. of Salt to fix ℥i. of Spirit; which Note is worthy of your ob∣servation.

§ 8. The common Dose is but to gr. xx. but we have with good success given it many times to xxx, and more; in this matter you must be guided by your Reason.

§ 9. The Vertue of this Remedy is very estimable, and of high value in Phy∣sick: And tho' it is here said to be fixed, it is to be un∣derstood only comparatively to other Antimonial Reme∣dies, which provoke violent vomitings and purgings, this Diaphoretick only working

by an irradiation of Vertue, and an efficacy not easily conceivable.

§ 10. For it naturally and gently strengthens the inter∣nal Archaeus, which is the principal director of all the Functions of Life, either in Health or Sickness, and there fore its use must be continued without interruption, for a•• least 30 or 40 days, because that during that time, it wil•• make the alteration and change in the Blood, and other Juyces desired.

§ 11. It is of singular us•• to resist any Corruption o•• Putrefaction which may lurk in any part of the Body, mun∣difying and rectifying the whole mass of Blood, where∣by it becomes capable of opening the most inveterate Obstructions of the Liver, Spleen, Mesentery, Pancrea's, Womb, and other Viscera.

§ 12. Besides, it removes the obstruction of the Men∣ses, cures the Greensickness, Dropsy, and Hypochondria∣cal Melancholy, cleanses and heals inward and outward Ulcers, and is a singular good Remedy against malign and pestilential Feavers, Measles, Small-Pox, Spotted-Feaver, and the Plague itself.

II. * Magisterium Benzoïni; Magistery of Benjamin.

Bate.] It is made of the white parts of the Benjamin, being dissolved in Alcohol of Wine, precipitated with Milk∣water, and drying it, accor∣ding to Art. Dose à ℈ss. ad ℈j. It is a noble Pectoral.

Salmon.] § 1. This is nothing but a Tincture of Benjamin precipitated with Water; for the Tincture made with the Alcohol of Wine, being mixed with a great deal of Water, makes a kind of Milk, (which by some is called Virgins Milk, and serves for a Wash for the Face and Skin) because the Water weakens the S. V. and makes it quit what it held up dissolved, if you let this Milk be still a while, the Rosin or Magistery precipitates to the bottom of the Vessel, and the Water becomes clear.

§ 2. Le Febur makes it thus: ℞ Benjamin ℥ij. in fine pouder, put it into a Ma∣trass, upon which affuse Alcohol of S. V. prepared upon Salt of Venus ℥vj. shake them toge∣ther nimbly, and digest a while in a warm B. M. so will the Benjamin dissolve in a very short time, (by which it is evi∣dent, that this Concrete con∣tains

a very pure and subtile sulphurous volatile Salt; for if it was composed of a gross and unctuous Sulphur, the Alcohol of S. V. would make but a sim∣ple Extraction of it, not a per∣fect Dissolution:) This Disso∣lution, which will be red and transparent, must be filtrated into a Vial or Glass; the one half you may keep for Tincture, the other for Magistery, or precipitate, which is done by affusion of a good quantity of common fair Water, then in B. M. abstract the S. V, in a small Cucurbit, so will the Ma∣gistery be left at bottom, with the Water upon it, which you may decant by inclination, and if you please, wash it with Da∣mask-rose-water, then dry and keep it for use.

§ 3. The Tincture, to speak the Truth, is only a dissolution of the Benjamin, yet however, its Vertues is encreased by reason of the ex∣cellency and nobleness of the Menstruum, for which reason it may be used inwardly for Diseases of the Brest and Lungs, as well as outwardly for a Wash; as in its proper place we have declared.

§ 4. However, this we add concerning this Tincture, That outwardly applyed, it is said to be a wonderful Cos∣metick, cleansing the Skin beyond any other thing, ta∣king away all Spots and Pim∣ples, as also other Tumors, Pustles, Buds, or redness in the Skin, and dissipating all harsh, virulent, and malig∣nant Serosities, with which it is many times infested. You must apply it towards Bed∣time upon all the places which you find wanting it, and the next day wash the same places with Barley∣water, in which Veal has been boyled, which you shall turn to a Milk-colour with some few drops of this Tin∣cture, and then wipe the Skin (whether of Hands or Face) with a very dry, soft Linnen Cloth. And as the Tincture, used simply or alone, will cure the Defects of the Skin aforementioned, so washing with the white Water made by this Tincture will prevent for the future the coming again of other Pimples, Redness, Pustles, &c.

§ 5. Inwardly, it may be given à gut. iiij. ad xx. mixt with the Yolk of an Egg, or in a spoonful of Syrup of Hyssop, against Asthma's, Shortness of Breath, Phthi∣sicks, old Coughs, &c. in the morning fasting, and an hour before Supper.

§ 6. The Magistery is a Specifick for Diseases of the Brest and Lungs, and by rea∣son of its subtile, volatile, and balsamick parts, is appro∣priated, by the help of the Archeus, to the digestions of the diseased parts, and is gi∣ven instead of the Tincture, to such as have an aversion to Spirit of Wine, for all the purposes aforesaid.

§ 7. It may be exhibi∣ted in the Yolk of a new∣laid Egg, or some pectoral Conserve or Syrup à gr. x. ad xx. or xxv. Or you may give it in Tablers, or Lozen∣ges, or mixt with some pro∣per Electuary, and so made up into a Bolus.

§ 8. To make excellent Washballs: Your Soap being prepared, and brought to a due consistency with new Milk, feed it for soone days with Tincture of Benjamin, adding also to each pound of Soap of the Ma∣gistery ℥ss. or more, and a few grains of Musk and Amber∣grise, then frame it into little Balls each weighing ℥ij. or iij. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 yo•• like best your self, which carefully lay to dry, and then keep them for use.

§ 9. These Washballs, for their sweetness and excellen∣cy, in cleansing and preser∣ving the Skin both of Face and Hands, much exceed the Bolonian Washballs, which have had such a great repute in the World.

III. Magisterium Bismuthi; Magistery of Marcasite or Tin-Glass; or, Spanish White.

Bate.] ℞ Marcasite in fine pouder, p. j. Spirit of Ni∣tre, p. iij. mix and dissolve, precipitate with Salt water, edulcorate and dry, S. A. It is good against the Vices of the Skin, as Freckles, Len∣tils, Impetigo or Ringworms, Scabbiness of the Hands, and the like, for which intentions it is a most absolute Cosme∣tick or Beautifier.

Salmon.] § 1. Rolfincius Art. Chym. lib. 5. sect. 2. cap. 34. makes it thus: ℞ Of the Marcasite of Lead, which they call Bismuth, and by us Tin-Glass, q. v. Aquae∣fortis made with Alum and Nitre, A. q. s. mix and dis∣solve in a gentle heat; what is dissolved pour off, and precipi∣tate with Oleum Tartari per diliquium, so in a moment you will have the Alcohol of Bis∣muth, most pure white, like the new-faln Snow: Dulcifie it by many ablutions in fair water, which will free it from all its saltness and acrimony, and then dry it.

§ 2. This (says he) is a most wonderful Cosmetick, freeing the Face and Hands from Freckles, Spots, and other Defedations. In using it to cleanie the Face, let it be applyed with Bean-flower-water; to take away the Freckles and Spots of the Hands with Ʋnguentum Po∣matum, or Hogs Lard well washed, for by this means it removes Lentils, Freckles, Ringworms, Tetters, and all sorts of Scabs whatsoever.

§ 3. But the way most agreeable with the Process of our Author you may see ex∣plicated at large, with a Ra∣tionale thereon, in our Pharm. Lond. lib. 3. cap. 10. sect. 6. wherein you have many Ob∣servations in the making thereof worthy of noting.

§ 4. Lemery's Magistery of Bismuth. ℞ Bismuth in pouder ℥i. put it into a Glass Matrass with Spirit of Nitre ℥iij. put the Dissolution into a clean white Ware Vessel, and affuse thereon five or six pints of Fountain-water, in which you have dissolved beforehand an ounce of Sea-salt, so will you have a white Pouder, precipi∣tate to the bottom; decant the Water by inclination, and wash the Magistery several times, drying it in the shade.

§ 5. This is that which is called Spanish White, and is a most excellent Cosmetick, for that it serves to cleanse the Skin and whiten the Com∣plexion; and it is used mixt either with Pomatum or Lil∣ly-water.

§ 6. Now, in the making of this, you must be sure to use a very large Bolthead to dissolve the Bismuth in, be∣cause of the great Ebulition; for as soon as the Spirit of Ni∣tre is put upon it, it takes up much room to move in, sen∣ding forth many Vapors, of which beware, for they are very pernicious to the Head, Brain, Brest and Lungs.

§ 7. Now this great Ebu∣lition proceeds from the A∣cid's penetration of the large Pores of the Bismuth, which violently divide all that op∣pose their motion: In this operation the Bolthead grows so hot, that a man can't en∣dure his Hand upon it, which comes from the points of the Acid chafing against the so∣lid body of the Bismuth, which makes a heat much after the manner, as when two solid Bodies are rubbed hard one against another: And the great store of Igne∣ous Particles contained in the Spirit, help much also to en∣crease this Heat.

§ 8. If the Dissolution becomes troubled thro' some Impurities in the Bismuth, you must put into it twice as much Water and filter it, for if you should filter it without Water, it would coagulate in the filter like Salt, and not pass through. This Coagu∣lation proceeds from the acid Spirits of the Nitre, included in the Particles of the Bis∣muth, which having not room or moisture enough to swim in or disperse, do gather to∣gether when the Dissolution is cold, into Crystals.

§ 9. The Impurity which commonly swims upon the Dissolution of the Marcasite is a fat or bituminous mat∣ter, which the Spirit of Nitre is not table to dissolve; and indeed Marcasite is nothing but an Excrement of a Me∣tal, or a fat Earth impregna∣ted with metalick parts.

§ 10. That is, it is a sul∣phurous Substance found in the Tin Mines, (thought by some to be an imperfect Tin, which partakes of good store of Arsenick) but its Pores are disposed in another manner than those of Tin; which is evident from the operation of the Menstruum, for that it perfectly dissolves Bismuth, but has nothing near such an operation upon Tin.

§ 11. This Magistery may also be made by affusion of a great quantity of Fountain-water into the Dissolution, without any Salt, but it is made the quicker when you do it with Salt, and the Pre∣cipitation is the better, be∣cause the Salt Particles do encounter and break the Acids, which Water alone was not sufficiently able to enervate or weaken. Thus you see the Acid of the Salt overcomes the Acid of the Spirit of Nitre.

§ 12. Now how fair Wa∣ter alone should be able to precipitate Lead, Antimony, and Marcasite, being dissol∣ved by the Acid, and yet cannot precipitate Gold, Sil∣ver, or Mercury, without the help of some Salt or other Body, is worthy to be enqui∣red into: Without doubt the largeness of the Pores of the former give the Water a greater liberty to pervade them, and force away the Acids, which cannot stick so close as they do in Gold, Sil∣ver, and Mercury, where the Pores are very much finer and smaller, by which rea∣son the Acid sticks not only the closer, but the Water for the same reason is denied that easie entrance, and so can make no separation, without

the help of a more piercing and active body.

§ 13. In making of this Magistery there is a conside∣rable augmentation of the Bismuth, but this proceeds from part of the Spirit of Ni∣tre remaining in it, and which cannot be separated by the precipitation nor lotion, tho' never so often repeated.

§ 14. And what we have here taught you from Bis∣muth, or the Marcasite of Load, or Silver, as some call it, the same you may do from Zinck, or the Marcasite of Gold, which much resembles Bismuth; and the operation is performed in like manner in all respects: But in the whole operation avoid the use of AF. (made with Vi∣triol) for that, by reason of the Vitriol, will blacken or foul the Precipitate, do what you can.

§ 15. Modus Ʋtendi. You may mix ʒj. of this Magi∣stery with Orange-flower-water or Damask-rose-water ℥iv. Or with choice Pomatum, or well-washed Hogs-Lard ℥i. It sof∣tens the Skin very much, and is also good against the Itch, because it feeds upon those Acids or Salts which cause and nourish this Disease.

§ 16. Le Febur makes it thus: ℞ A. F. made of equal parts of Nitre and common Salt, lbss. Bismuth in pouder ℥iv. mix and dissolve, and if there be any foulness in it, filter it, then precipitate with tar∣tarized S. V. abstract the Li∣quor swimming above the Ma∣gistery, and wash it with di∣stilled Rain-water, till it is sufficiently dulcified. Thus Schroder and Beguinus.

§ 17. It is, says he, a very good Remedy for all the Vices and Eruptions of the Skin, and above all against the Itch: It takes away Spots and Freckles in it, and smooths the roughness of the Face and Hands: But if you would make there with a pure and white Cosmetick, and use it either with or without Pomatum, he advises to precipitate with Oyl of Vi∣triol, (tho' I think Oyl of Sul∣phur would be better) so (says he) you shall have an almost incomparable White, which you must dulcifie, dry; and keep for use.

§ 18. Charras makes it in all respects, as does Le Febur, in a large Glass Cu∣curbit, but with this diffe∣rence. That whereas Le Febur allows for the Bismuth, but p. ij. Charras allows the full tripple quantity, and then when the dissolution is perfected, precipi∣tates with the best tartarized

Spirit of Wine, and pouring thereon a good quantity of fair Water, lets it settle, decants the Water by inclination, and perfectly edulcorates it by many ablutions, then dries it in the shade between two Papers, and keeps it for use.

§ 19. This (says he) is a very white Magistery, fit for all Deformities of the Skin, and to beautifie the Com∣plexions of Ladies, mixing it with proper Waters and Po∣matums. And here note, that the Water of the first L••••ion is very good to cure Tetters Ringworms, and the Itch.

§ 20. This Bismuth is a Mineral Body, half metalick, composed of Mercury, or the first maner of Tin ill dige∣sted, a ••oul terrestial Sulphur no•• ripened, and an impure Arsenical Salt, as aforesaid, which Arsenical Salt making one part of the Composition, is the reason that no Prepa∣rations made thereof are ever taken inwardly.

IV. * Magisterium Gittae; Magistery of Cambogia.

Bate.] ℞ Cambogia pure and in pouder ℥iij. Tincture of Red roses lbiss. Juice of Limons lbss. Spirit of Vitriol ʒj. mix. digest, and evaporate, to the consistency of an Extract. Or thus: Make a fine pouder of choice Cambogia ℥ij. add to it Oleum Tartari per deliquium ℥j. S. V. ℥iiij. digest and eva∣porate S. A. It purges 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 sursum & deorsum, upwards and downwards, chiefly serous and watery Humors. It is profitably used in the Dropsy, Scab, Itch, &c. Dose gr. x. ad ʒss.

Salmon.] § 1. Mynsicht extracts it with S. V. Rolfin∣cius with S. V. acuated with Spirit of Vitriol; Schroder with Oyl of Tartar per deli∣quium; all which see in our Seplasium, lib. 9. cap. 17. sect. 4, 5, & 8.

§ 2. Mindererus dissolves in Spiritus Vitrioli, then ab∣stracts the Spirit, and drys it gently, so as it grows not black, but may retain its co∣lour: This, if you please, you may edulcorate with much washing. Dose à gut. xv. ad xx. Sanè (dixit Grulingius) extractum hoc maximè lau∣dandum, id quod sine mole∣stia, sine torminibus humores, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, evacuat, inpri∣mis serosos & biliosos, nec diu in corpore haeret; vomitu quo∣que in ventriculo congesto ex∣pellit.

§ 3. The following Com∣position is accounted with Physicians, among the Ca∣tholick Secrets. ℞ Of the Magistery of Cambogia gr. viij. Mecohacan in pouder ℈j. Ma∣stick gr. vij. Oyls of Anise and Fennel, A. gut. ij. mix and make a pouder for one Dose. Or thus: ℞ Of this Magi∣stery gr. viij. of Tartar Vitrio∣late ℈j. Magistery of Pearls gr. v. Oyls of Citrons and Cin∣namon, A. gut. j. mix, and for a Dose, to be given in Broth, Malaga-wine, Wormwood-wine, Cinnamon-water, or the like.

§ 4. But being thus com∣pounded, it is more profitable against the Dropsy. ℞ Of this Magistery à gr. vj. ad xij. Extract of wild Cucumbers gr. x. mix, and with Syrup of Cinnamon make Pills for a dose. Or thus: ℞ Of this Magistery gr. vij. Troches Al∣handal à gr. iv. ad vij. Oleum Anisi, gut. ij. with Sugar dis∣solved in Cinnamon-water, make a Confection in Lozenges and Rouls.

V. * Magisterium Jovis, Magistery of Jupiter or Tin.

Bate.] It is made of the Flowers of Jupiter, dissolved in Water and filtred, precipita∣ting with Oyl of Tartar per deliquium, or a dissolution of Alum, edulcorating by many ablutions in warm Water, and drying it again. Dose gr. 4, 5, 6, &c. See the Vertues of the Salt of Jupiter.

Salmon.] § 1. This Pre∣script is from Lemery, but by all that is said, it does not appear of what kind the Flo∣wers are, of which this Ma∣gistery is to be made; they are twofold, viz. a sublima∣tion of Tin, either with Sal Armoniack or with Nitre: What the latter is, we shall shew in its place; what the former is (which without doubt is the Subject of this Prescript) we shall here shew.

§ 2. Flowers of Tin, with Sal Armoniack, from Lemery. ℞ Tin, p. j. Sal Armoniack in pouder p. ij. mix them well together, put them into a strong earthen Cucurbit, so large, as that not above a third part may be full, fit to it a blind Head, luting the Juncture, and place the Vessel on the Grate in a small Fornace and a naked Fire, and only so open, as that the Fire may pass through the Registers, for which reason you must stop up the top of the For∣nace with Bricks and Lime, leaving some holes in the sides, which are called Registers, and let the Cucurbit enter a third

part of its height into the For∣nace; then make a Fire small at first, and encrease it by de∣grees, till the bottom of the Cucurbit is red hot, which Fire continue till nothing more will sublime, which you will know by the Heads growing cold, and then the sublimation will be at an end; the Flowers will stick to the Head, and to the top of the Body, which take and keep for the making of the aforesaid Magistery.

§ 3. These Flowers are nothing but some Particles of the Tin, raised up by the vo∣latility of the Sal Armoniack, and at the bottom of the Body you will find some of the Tin revived.

§ 4. But that this may be the more effectually done, your Tin ought first to be reduced into a Calx by the means of Fire, for the better mixing it with the Sal Ar∣moniack, which is thus done: Put Tin into a large unglaz'd earthen Pan, place it in a cir∣cular Fire, so will the Tin melt, then stir it with a Spatula, till it comes into a pouder, con∣tinue a great Fire to it 36 hours, stirring it from time to time, so will you have the Calx of Tin fit for sublimation.

§ 5. In this Operation an unglaz'd Earthen Vessel is used, lest the Lead with which it is glaz'd should mix with the Tin, and hurt its Purity; and the Vessel is broad, that it might by stir∣ring be the sooner reduced to Pouder, in which it will be easier done in 36 hours, than in 4 or 5 days in a Cruci∣ble.

§ 6. It is impossible to make Tin ascend in Flowers without any mixture; and therefore, tho' the mixture of Salts may be found fault with, yet since it is not to be sublimed without them, it must be born withal, but the fault is the less, by reason of the facility of separating the said Salts again from the Me∣tal by Lotion, of which our Author's Prescript here gives the Example.

§ 7. Some take equal quantities of Tin and Sal Armoniack; but Charras takes Calx of Tin, ℥iij. Sal Armo∣niack ℥xij. and being mixt in fine pouder, he sublimes in a good Aludel upon a proper For∣nace, covered with 3 or 4 of its pots, one upon another, and the Junctures well luted, and the uppermost covered with a little Head, then kindles a Coal-Fire under the Aludel, encrea∣sing it by degrees, till the Alu∣del is red hot in all its lower parts, at which time he throws in at the hole about ℥ss. of the

pouder, and then closes it im∣mediately, by which means the Tin and Sal Armoniack rise together in Vapors, which con∣dense in Flowers, on the insides of the Pots; then throws in another like quantity at the hole, and repeats this Opera∣tion till all the pouder is spent, keeping a good Fire under the Aludel, to facilitate the subli∣mation of the Tin which by this means will be all sublimed.

§ 8. Now, should you take equal parts of Tin and Sal Arm. the Tin would re∣main almost all at the bot∣tom of the Aludel: Nor is it to be wonder'd at, since it is impossible to make Metals ascend in Flowers, without the assistance of 3 or 4 times their weight of volatile Salts mixed with them, or at least without several constant Co∣hobations, directed to be made use of.

§ 9. This Magistery is a delicate White, being mixt with Pomatum, and serves for a Paint: The Precipitate thus wash'd, is in order to deprive the Flowers of Jupiter of the volatile Salt which they de∣rive from the Sal Armoniack in sublimation: It is desica∣tive, and is used in Pomatums, for that purpose of drying up running Sores and Ulcers, and it is found to be of good use to repress Vapors, and resist Fits of the Mother.

VI. Magisterium Saturni; Magistery of Saturn or Lead.

Bate.] ℞ Red Lead, boyl it in Spirit of Vinegar, filter, precipitate with Oyl of Vitriol, and edulcorate S. A. It is of use against Phthisicks, or Ul∣cers of the Lungs, Hecticks, burning Feavers, and other inward Inflammations; also in Quartans, Affections of the Spleen, the Colick, and French Pox, it is a Secret. Dose gr. 4, 5, 6, &c. Outwardly it prevails against Cankers of the Mouth, malign Ulcers, Cancers, the Wolf, Fistula, Burnings, red Pustles of the Face, redness of the Eyes, &c.

Salmon.] § 1. Lemery makes it thus: ℞ Salt of Sa∣turn ℥iij. well purified, dissolve it in a sufficient quantity of Water and Spirit of Vinegar; filter, and affuse on it drop by drop Oyl of Tartar per deliqui∣um, so will it become a kind of Milk, and then a kind of Coa∣gulum, which will precipitate into the bottom of the Vessel in a white pouder; boyl it a lit∣tle, and then filter again, so will the Liquor pass through, leaving the Precipitate behind

very white, which wash feveral times with warm Water, to abolish all the acid Particles of the Vinegar, which being dryed, will be a very white Magi∣stery.

§ 2. It is used for a Fu∣cus, like Bismuth, and it is likewise mixed in Pomatums for Tetters, Ringworms, Pu∣stles, and other breakings out of the Face and Skin.

§ 3. Here is to be noted, that if you should use only Water, you would make but a kind of Virgins Milk, and the Saturn would not dissolve but precipitate, leaving some particles of its Body yet in the Water; wherefore it is better to take equal quanti∣ties of Water and Spirit of Vinegar, for thereby the Salt will be dissolved, into which dropping the alcalious Oyl of Tartar, the edges or points of the Acid are destroyed, which held up the Salt, and the matter precipitates by its own weight.

§ 4. In this Operation there is no effervescency, for the Acids of the Vinegar be∣ing broken and weakened, it has not strength nor activi∣ty enough left to enter the Pores of the Salt of Tartar, so as to make such an opera∣tion; and it is the same in all other substances dissolved by Vinegar; but if the Dissolu∣tion be performed with stron∣ger Acids, as Oyls of Vitriol or Sulphur, Spirit of Ni∣tre, &c. an Ebulition is made.

§ 5. This Pouder being washt and dryed, is nothing but a Ceruse made exceeding pure and fine. It is used by some for Paint; but this Cosmetick, as well as others made of metallick Substan∣ces, such as Tin, Bismuth, &c. do often black the Skin, after having whiten'd it, because the heat of the Flesh gathe∣ring together these metallick Particles (which owe all their whiteness to their alcoholiza∣tion) does often make them revive.

§ 6. But Le Febur makes a twofold Magistery of Sa∣turn; 1. The false made from Red Lead, with Spirit of Vi∣negar, as our Author here di∣rects, but precipitated with Oyl of Tartar. 2. The true Magistery, which he makes thus: ℞ Ceruse ℥ij. in fine pouder, Spirit of Venus ℥vj. put it in by little and little, and stir them together, that the Spirit may penetrate to the bot∣tom; place the Matrass in B. M. and digest warm for 12 hours, then filter and let the filtrated Liquor rest one night in a cold place, so will you find

it coagulated into white Cry∣stals; separate the superfluous liquor, and abstract the Spirit by distillation in Balneo to dry∣ness, so will you have at bottom the Magistery of Saturn, dis∣soluble in all kinds of liquors, and like unto the first which was in Crystals, in respect of its Vertue; which dry in a gentle heat between two Pa∣pers.

§ 7. This Magistery may be given in all Diseases for which the Salt of Saturn is given, and you will find from it much better and quicker effects than from that made with Vinegar, but the Dose is less, and may be gi∣ven à gr. ij. ad vj. yea, to xij. says Febur.

§ 8. You are also to note, that the Spirit of Venus used in this Operation, and drawn off again by distillation, is yet good for the same Work again, or any other for which it is proper, having lost but very little of its Power and Vertue.

§ 9. It is also to be noted, that you may indifferently make use of Litharg, Minium, White-Lead, Ceruse, or other Calces of Lead, for this Pre∣paration; for it is sufficient to have a Lead that is open, and in a condition easily to be dissolved by Spirit of Vi∣negar: But because this Medicine calcin'd to white∣ness comes nearest to the co∣lour of its Salt and Magiste∣ry, it is better to make use of Ceruse, or some other white Lead, but be sure to chuse a true Ceruse of Lead, such as we call Venetian Ceruse, and not that which is counterfei∣ted, as being mixed with Chalk, Whiting, or other like Substances, having neither the brittleness, weight, nor whiteness of the true Ceruse, or that of Venice.

§ 10. This Magistery of Saturn may also be made by weakening the Spirit of Vine∣gar, impregnated with the Ceruse or Salt of Lead, with Water only; but then it be∣hoves you to use a great quantity of Water, without which you cannot therewith alone be able to make it quit its hold, and let fall the whole dissolved matter, or most part thereof, to the bot∣tom.

§ 11. Some also dissolve thin plates of Lead in A. F. made with Nitre and Alum, and upon this Dissolution affuse Salt-water filtred, whereby they precipitate a Magistery extra∣ordinary white, which is dulci∣fied by many Lotions with fair Water, then dryed in the shade between 2 Papers, and kept for the uses aforesaid.

VII. Magisterium Sulphuris, i. Lac Sulphuris; Magi∣stery or Milk of Sulphur.

Bate.] ℞ Flowers of Sul∣phur p. j. Quick-lime, or Salt of Tartar p. iij. boyl them in a sufficient quantity of Water to the Solution of the Sulphur; filter it while hot, and preci∣pitate with Spirit of Vinegar or Spirit of Nitre, then edulco∣rate and dry S. A. It is a Balsam for the Lungs, healing and drying, being profitable against Catarrhs, Asthma's, Coughs, Phthisicks, Colicks, &c. Dose ℈ss. ad ℈j.

Salmon.] § 1. This is explicated at large in our Pharm. Lord. lib. 3. cap. 12. sect 8. from Quercetans Pre∣scription: Clossaeus has ano∣ther done with Quick-lime, and precipitated with Piss, which you may see in the same place.

§ 2. Lemery and Charras makes it also almost exactly according to this Prescript of our Author; but to dissolve the Flowers, he boils 5 or 6 hours with Water, lbii. to every ounce of Sal ☿, or Salt of fixt Nitre, and so drys it in the shade.

§ 3. Now here is to be observed, that as simple Wa∣ter is not able to dissolve the Sulphur, but an alcalious Salt is made use of, to divide it into imperceptible Particles; so on the contrary the Acid afterwards pierces the Alcali, and by separating its parts, makes it let go its hold of the Sulphur, whereby it falls down in a white Pouder, which being edulcorated, may be said to be only Flo∣wers of Sulphur Alcoholiz'd.

§ 4. And the change of the colour into a white, comes from its being more rarified, and obtaining a smoother Surface than it had before, to reflect the light in a direct line to our Eyes.

§ 5. And this operation (says he) may give us an Idea of Chylification and San∣guification; for as the Sulphur becomes white in the Magi∣stery, so the Aliments being fermented, and their substance attenuated in our Stomachs, are in part reduced into Chyle of a white colour; and as the Sulphur when entirely dissolved, turns of a red co∣lour, so the parts of the Chyle being exalted and dissolved by repeated Circulations, be∣come red, and turn into Blood, which Blood in Apo∣stems turning into Pus, be∣comes white again, by reason of the praeternatural Acid assisting anew in that opera∣tion.

§ 6. Also when you make this Preparation, let no Ves∣sels of Silver be near where it is perform'd, for the Va∣pors proceeding from the Sulphur and Alcali, with the Acid, will make it black.

§ 7. As to the Dose, our Author limits it in the largest to 20 grains; whereas Le∣mery limits it to 15, because (says he) 15 grains of this Pouder will do as much as double the quantity of Flowers of Sulphur, in Diseases of the Brest, and yet it does not heat so much: But notwith∣standing this, I have given it to ℈j. yea, to gr. xxv. with very good success.

§ 8. Marggrave makes it thus: ℞ Flowers of Sulphur ℥ss. melt them in a clean earthen Pan, and then add Oyl of Tartar per deliquium ℥iss. stir them continually with an Iron Spatula to dryness, and till it acquires a spadiceous or brown colour; reduce it to pouder, and with Alcohol of S. V. extract a Blood-red Tin∣cture in some few hours; from this, in some few days space, a grey pouder will spontaneously precipitate, which Beguinus calls the grey Magistery of Sul∣phur; But this Tincture (says he) with Vinegar is precipita∣ted into a most white Mass, which when dryed, is called Lac Sulphuris.

§ 9. Le Mort makes it with Flores Sulphuris p. j. Quick-lime p. ij. which he boyls in Water to redness, then filter the Water, and precipi∣tates with Spirit of Vinegar, which he edulcorates with ma∣ny washings. The same he also does with Cineres Cla∣vellatorum or Pot-ashes.

§ 10. Rolfincius, lib. 5. sect. 2. cap. 35. Art. Chym. saith, That in the preparation thereof there are four distinct Operations; 1. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, by Solution, which is done in some fit saline Menstruum, as an alcalious Salt, with which the fat or oily parts of the Sulphur will mix easily; this is twofold, viz. either vulgar as a Lixivium of Quick-lime alone, or with Tartar; or singular, as Salt of Tartar: But the first of these he su∣spects, for (says he) the Atoms of the terra damnata of the Calx will inseparably unite themselves with the Lixivium and pass through the filter: The other, which is a solu∣tion of the Salt of Tartar, is much the more noble. 2. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, by precipitation, which he performed by Spi∣rit of Wine-Vinegar. 3. Edul∣catione, sweetening by wash∣ing

with much Water. 4. Ex∣siccation, by drying, as is be∣fore taught.

§ 11. To this Opinion of Rolsincius, Le Febur seems to assent, for (says he) we re∣commend the Purity of Ma∣terials, which makes us make choice of Salt of Tartar in the dissolution of Sulphur, notwithstanding several Au∣thors content themselves with Ashes of Wine-lees or Sandi∣ver; but as these Salts have not the penetrating and fiery Vigor which is required for the dissolution of Sulphur and maturation of that Mineral, so neither can they make the Medicament so good nor so fai••▪ ••o•• endow it with the requisite vertues.

§ 12. These things being considered, he takes Flowers of Sulphur ••wice sublimed, and dissolves the Salt of Tartar in in 15 parts of distilled Rain-water; but before the affusion of the Water, he grinds the Flowers of Salt of Tartar toge∣ther dry▪ in a warm Marble Mortar, then affuses the Wa∣ter, and boyls 5 or 6 hours to the dissolution of Sulphur; this done while hot, he only decants the clear Solution, (but filtrates not, because it cannot be soon enough performed, for that as soon as the Menstruum begins to co••l, the Sulphur returns in∣to a body again) and then pre∣cipitates with Spirit of Vine∣gar, performing all the rest of the Operation as before dire∣cted.

§ 13. This is also to be noted, that your first Water is not to be thrown away but reserved and evaporated, for so you will find again your Salt of Tartar, which rever∣berate in a Crucible to red∣ness, dissolve and filter again, and then coagulate, so will it be as good and as pure as before, and serve for the same operation, or any other that Salt of Tartar is fit for. Lastly, he washes the Magistery in equal parts of Cinnamon and Rose-water, and so drys it slowly for use.

§ 14. This Remedy is called the Balsam of the Lungs, which consumes and drys up all malignant, serous, and watery Superfluities, for which reasons it is exhibited in melting and suffocating Catarrhs, Asthma's, Phthi∣sicks, and to such as are afflicted with old and inve∣terate Coughs, Colicks, Ven∣tosities, or Wind, malignant Humors and Serosities in the Joynts; it hinders and dissi∣pates Vapors, facilitates Ex∣pectoration, and wonderful∣ly strengthens the Brest and Lungs.

§ 15. Dose so much as will turn Bawm or Cinna∣mon-water milk-white, and may be given every day morning and evening.

§ 16. But says Charras, by reason of the various al∣terations happening to the Sulphur in its dissolution and precipitation, the ill qualities which it receives from the Substances with which it is mixt, (and of which the ill scent remaining after the washing is a sign) it will be better to lay it aside, and make use of the Spirit of Sul∣phur in its place.

§ 17. And Le Febur says, Tho' this Remedy is highly celebrated by Authors, it is better rather to trust to the Tincture extracted from it, than to this body, yet too course and material, to hope from it all the good and com∣mendable effects which are attributed unto it.

§ 18. However we can∣not rely wholly upon what these Gentlemen say, for the Medicine is not so despicable as they would make it, tho' it be none of the highest Pre∣parations; and notwithstan∣ding Le Febur says, it is yet too course and material, we say it is much more subtile than a thousand other Medi∣caments much esteemed above it, and will do that by tou∣ching only outwardly with it, which other more estee∣med sublime Medicines will not do neither by inward nor outward application.

§ 19. By simply rubbing it on an Itchy person, it will absolutely cure him; which shews the great sublimity of its Substances, and what it may do and effect if it be pru∣dently given inwardly. This very thing shews, there is something more in the tex∣ture of its parts than Artists are ordinarily aware of, and that it has a subtilty in its nature able to penetrate the whole human frame, and an alexipharmick Property able to overcome and ruinate the most inveterate, malignant, and rebellious Humors what∣soever, destroying them in their Crasis, and undoing them in their very Essence and Being.

VIII. Magisterium Tartari; Magistery of Tartar.

Bate.] ℞ Salt of Tartar q. v. impregnate it with the best Vinegar so long, till the Tartar will receive no more acidity, then affuse thereon S. V. and abstract again, co∣hobating several times, at length place the Tartar so as it

may melt, and you will have a red Oyl, which purges per in∣feriora, or downwards. It is of profitable use in all deplo∣rable Diseases. Dose à ℈ss. ad ℈j.

Salmon.] § 1. Le Mort makes it otherwise, and calls it soluble Tartar, thus: ℞ Crystals of Tartar in pou∣der ℥iij. Oyl of Tartar per de∣liquium ℥iv. dissolve them to∣gether, filter the Solution, and affuse ther••on Spirit of Vine∣gar ℥••x. shake them together, and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 them stand for a time, then evaporate to the consum∣ption of a third part, and set the remaining matter in a oool Cellar to crystallize, the Cry∣stals take, dry gently, and keep them for use.

§ 2. If you would have them yet more grateful, dissolve them again in Spirit of Vine∣gar, f••••rate and evaporate as before, so will they be both more pure and more pleasant to the Palate and Stomach. They break the S••one, and expel it, and have all the vertues of Cremor Tartari, but four times stronger. Dose à gr. viij. ad ℈j. or ʒss. or to a pleasing acidity in Broth or Wine. E vinis Gallicis vina Rh••n••na extempore conficiun∣t••r a••••••••do circiter drachmam ••••••n pin••••ae uni.

§ 3. Another process of the same Le Mort. ℞ Cry¦stals of Tartar ℥vj. Oyl of Tar∣tar per deliq. ℥i. dissolve in a warm place, and at length an earthy pouder will fall to the bottom, which hindered the solubility of the Tartar. This Solution filtrate, and add to it Spirit of Vinegar, to take away the ingrateful taste of the Al∣cali; evaporate a third part of the humidity, and set it to cry∣stallize, which dry and keep for use: These, if not acid enough, dissolve again in more Spirit of Vinegar.

§ 4. It is admirably pe∣netrating, and dissoluble in any Liquor, it breaks the Stone, eases the Gout, takes away Pain, and strengthens weak parts, powerfully pro∣vokes Urine, and wonderful∣ly quickens the Operation of other Purges. It prevails al∣so against Hypochondriack Melancholy, the Jaundice, and all Obstructions of the Bowels.

§ 5. We will now deliver you the Process of Sennertus's Magistery or purgative Salt of Tartar, which is the very thing with which Le Febur makes his Armoniack Tin∣cture of Mars, the Prescript of which you have in Chap. 7. Sect. 2. aforegoing. The said Magistery of Sennertus is thus done.

§ 6. ℞ Pure Salt of Tartar lbij. put it into a Glass Cucur∣bit, affuse thereon strong Spirit of Vinegar lbiv. stir them toge∣ther till the Salt is well dissol∣ved, place the Cucurbit in a Sand or Ash heat, and abstract the humidity, which will come off tastless as fair Water; put on more Spirit of Vinegar, and continue to distil softly; and so often repeat this work, till what you distil off comes forth with the same strength as when it went on, which will happen after you have reitterated the operation about 20 times: The Salt remaining after all this work will be very black, but have lost all its lixiviate taste, and become of a pleasant aci∣dity. The last time you draw off the Vinegar, you must dry this Salt with a pretty strong Fire, that no moisture may re∣main with it: Dissolve the same in the Alcohol of S. V. and filtrate, to separate from it the blackness it has contracted; then put it into B. M. and abstract the Spirit to dryness; dissolve again, filtrate and ab∣stract again, until the fourth time; the fifth time cohoba∣ting the Spirit, abstract in Ashes, and continue these coho∣bations, giving still more and more a stronger fire towards the latter end, until the Salt be∣comes white: After all, put the Salt in a clean Glass Vessel, and in a cool moist Cellar, so will it easily dissolve into a red liquor, which filter, and either keep it in a liquor, or evaporating the humidity to dryness, keep the dried Salt in a Vial close stopt, to preserve it from dissolving.

§ 7. In this Operation the change which happens in the taste of this Salt, proves this Truth, that acid and alcali∣ous Salts convert one another into a neutral substance, which is no more either the one or the other, and yet possesses a less hurtful and more excel∣lent vertue than the Bodies of which they have been com∣pounded.

§ 8. This evidently ap∣pears in the Example of Tar∣tar Vitriolate, for Oyl of Vi∣triol is a very strong and fiery Corrosive, like an all-consuming Fire; and strong Oyl of Tartar per deliquium, or Soap-boilers strongest Lees, is a very fine Alcali, of a biting, urinous, and unpleasing taste; nevertheless the Result of both being mixt, makes a very pleasing Magistery, contain∣ing no more the simple qua∣lities of either of the Bodies of which it is compounded, ex∣cept that of a penetrative, sub∣tile, and dissolutive property.

§ 9. And this appears in our present Magistery, in that

the Vinegar loses all its acidi∣ty, and turns into an insipid Water; and this volatile-acid Salt of the Vinegar (for such it is) checks, and turns the edge and ill taste of the Alca∣li, or Salt of Tartar, and makes it to become an extra∣ordinary Remedy.

§ 10. We cannot chuse therefore but recommend this magisterial Salt in the highest manner considering the won∣derful effects it is able to pro∣duce, for it is beyond most other Remedies in opening the Obstructions of all the Viscera, or in any other part of the Body, (for which rea∣son it is an excellent thing against the Palsie) and to eva∣cuate gently any morbifick matter lodged in the said Vi∣scera, and parts adjacent to the same.

§ 11. It purges gently, and without violence, through all the Emunctories and prevails against all chronick and de∣sperate Diseases, which have been of so rebellious a nature, as to yield to no other Reme∣dies.

§ 12. Dose à ℈ss. ad ℈j. if dry, or from ℈j. or 20 drops, to ℈ij. or 40 drops, if liquid: You may give it in Veal or Chicken Broth, or Veal boi∣led with Parsly-roots, or White-wine in which Da∣mask-Roses have been infused and aromatiz'd with a little Cinnamon: Give it fasting in the morning, and if need require, reiterate it at night going to Bed.

IX. Magisterium Turpethi; The Magistery of Turbith Mineral.

Bate.] ℞ Corrosive Subli∣mate q. s. boil it in Rain-water till it is dissolved, filter, and with Oyl of Tartar per deliqui∣um precipitate, then edulcorate with distilled water S. A. It is a famous thing against the French Pox, Worms, Tetters, Scald Heads King's-Evil, &c. Dose ℈ss. ad gr. xv. with Comfectio Hamech ʒij. or iij.

Salmon.] § 1. Mynsicht is the Author of this Prescript, and calls it Turpethum Mine∣rale Verum, but he advises the solution of the Mercury to be se∣veral times filtred, and the precipitation with the Oyl of Tartar to be made Guttatim, and then to be edulcorated with common Water, till it be freed from its sharpness and saltness, and after that, that it should be cohobated with the best Aqua Mellis, rectified six or seven times, so often, till the pouder is become exceeding sub∣tile; and lastly, affusing there∣on the best Alcohol of S. V. that

it may be well moistened, to de∣flagrate it, continually stirring it round with an Iron Spatula, till all the S. V. is consumed. The Dose of which he limits to be à gr. iv. ad vj. or vij. in some proper Vehicle.

§ 2. But the latter part of this Preparation of Mynsicht would be better done, in my opinion, by abstraction of the S. V. in B. M. two or three several times, from the Magistery, rather than by de∣flagration, because the actual heat of the fire in that Opera∣tion is apt to vivifie some of the Particles of the Mercury; for being very small and sub∣tile, a small Fire has a great power over them.

§ 3. Tilingius in Prod. Chy∣mic. Chap. 3. Tit. 24. Pag. 899. gives us another Prescript made with simple red Precipitate, which is this. ℞ Simple red Precipitate ℥iss upon which affuse Oyl of Tar∣tar per deliquium, as much; digest for one or two days, then edulcorate with simple fair wa∣ter, and calcine it a little with a very gentle fire: Lastly, af∣fuse thereon Alcohol of S. V. de∣flagrate and keep the Magistery for use. Dose à gr. iv. ad vij.

§ 4. Here is to be noted, that for want of Salt of Tar∣tar, you may do the work with Salt of Pot-ashes, or a Lixivium thereof; and some do it with a Lixivium of Quicklime.

§ 5. The first Water which is decanted off after precipitation, you may re∣serve as a Jewel, for it cures even to a Miracle all old Ulcers, running Sores, and inveterate Fistula's, only by washing them therewith, and laying a Cloth wet therein up∣on them; and this it per∣forms, though of never so many years standing, with∣out any other Medicine for any pain or discomposure.

§ 6. A man who had a foul filthy Ulcer upon his Leg, and been troubled with it for near 30 years, and could get no Remedy, but was de∣clared by all his Chyrurgions to be past cure, was herewith cured perfectly in less than a months time. And a Ser∣ving-maid, who had been troubled with a like stubborn Ulcer for about 12 years, I cured) only by washing here∣with, and laying a Cloth wet therein over the Sore) in less than 6 weeks time. So that for such-like purposes this Water is almost above va∣lue.

§ 7. As to the Precipitate it self, it works strongly, and must be given with caution;

but therewith a wise man may cure the French Disease withall its Symptoms.

§ 8. If it be given in any great quantities, or often, it will certainly Flux, but that may be prevented, if the next day a Cathartick Dose be gi∣ven, or it self be first mixt with a Cathartick Dose, and then exhibited with Caution, that the Sick should beware of taking cold.

§ 9. Mixt with Oynt∣ments or Balsams, or Hogs-Lard, and outwardly applied, it cures Tetters, Ringworms, Itch, Scurf, Morphew, or any other Breakings out, or deformities of the Skin; and this it has done after all other things have failed and proved fruitless.

X. Alumen Dulce; Sugar of Alum.

Bate.] ℞ Alum, and dis∣solve it in Water, and coagu∣late; repeat this work thrice, that the Alum may be sweet, this is called Sugar of Alum. It is commended in Diseases of the Brest, chiefly those contracted from Mineral Fumes: And it eases the Tooth-ach, being applied to the Gums.

Salmon.] § 1. We will shew the Method from Le Febur, more explicitly. ℞ Roch-Alum lbiij. put it into a good glass Retort, and in a gra∣dual Sand heat abstract the Flegm; cohobate this Flegm upon the desiccated Alum, and digest them together in a gentle vaporous balneo for 24 hours, then in Sand again abstract the Flegm, which cohobation, digestion, and abstraction re∣peat seven times; this done, after the seventh time, or se∣paration of the Flegm, put that which remains in the bottom of the Vessel, into a Cellar, or other cool place, to dissolve per deli∣quium into Liquor; this Li∣quor filter, and digest it in a double or circulatory Vessel, in a gentle heat in Ashes, for 12 or 14 days, then put it into a Cucurbit, and in Ashes abstract again the moisture to dryness, so will the Sugar of the Alum remain behind.

§ 2. It is a peculiar Re∣medy against Diseases of the Brest and Lungs, especially for such as are affected with any metallick, mercuriel, mi∣neral, or arsenical Vapours or Fumes. It is cooling, and allays the extremity of Thirst in Fevers.

§ 3. It is of singular use for such as feel heats and pre∣judicial pains about the Ster∣non, or Region of the Brest, arising from malignant, sharp,

and biting Serosities, procee∣ding from a venereous taint, especially in such as have had the stain long upon them.

§ 4. Applied to the Gums, it eases the Tooth-ach, and cures Cankers and Sores in the Mouth and Throat: It works inwardly by Urine▪ Spitting, Sweats, and an in∣sensible transpiration. Dose à gr. vj. ad xvj. or xx. in Broth, or some pectoral or diuretick Water, Infusion, or Decoction. This Process of Le Febur is exactly the same with that of Schroder.

§ 5. There is also an Alu∣men Dulce Liquidum, which according to Charras is thus made. ℞ Roch-Alum q. v. dissolve it in Rain-water, fil∣ter it, put it into a low Glass Cucurbit, and in Ashes distil to dryness: The Caput. Mort. dissolve again in the distilled Water, filter and distil anew in like manner to dryness; this Work of dissolving, filtering, and distilling, continue till the Alum is truly freed from all its terrestreities, and its pure sub∣stance wholly ascends in distil∣lation.

§ 6. This is a liquid sweet Alum, or the Magisterial Spi∣rit of Alum, and is accoun∣ted one of the best Stypticks that is known in the World, and without doubt, being mixed in Gargarisms for the Mouth, (℥j. of this Spirit to ℥x. ounces of the Gargarism) it may be of singular use to heal all manner of Sores and Ulcers in those parts, kill Cankers, and stop Defluxions of Humors when the maxil∣lary Glands are too much extended, and the Pores or Mouths of the salivatick Ves∣sels too open: It cools, clean∣ses, and binds, and is of use for Diseases of other parts, as well as of the Mouth, where there is need of cooling, clean∣sing, and strengthening; as also to stop a defluxion of Humors upon the same, Fluxes of the Bowels, Gonor∣rhoeas, heat of Urine, &c.

§ 7. It may also be put into vulnerary Drinks, and traumaticks, (p. j. to p. 20. of the Drink) and so drank in the morning fasting, and last at night going to Bed, or otherwise, as the urgency of the Disease shall seem to re∣quire.

§ 8. Thus having this Spirit in a readiness, you may mix it as you see occasion, with any proper distilled Water, Decoction, or Juice, specifick to your purpose, which will be incomparably much better than all the di∣stilled Aluminous Waters, found ordinarily in Books.

XI. Alumen Febrifugum; A Febrifuge Alum, or Alu∣minous Fever-frighter.

Bate.] Dissolve Alum ℥iij. in Water of Carduus Bene∣dictus (well tinged with Dra∣gons Blood, and filtred) lbiss. then evaporate to dryness S. A. Dose ℈j. before the febrile Pa∣roxism, it induces Swea∣ting, &c. Vide Mynsicht.

Salmon.] § 1. Mynsicht has it thus. ℞ Crude Alum ℥j. Magistery of Dragons blood ℥ss. dissolve in Water of Car∣duus Benedictus, and coagulate or evaporate the humidity, S. A.

§ 2. This, says he, is a won∣derful Medicament against Fevers, and a Remedy even for the quartan Ague it self; besides which, it is a Secret for the Bloody Flux, and other Fluxes of the Bowels: Let it be given in some ap∣propriate Vehicle, some hours before the Fit of the Ague: The Author advises, in Aqua Nicotianae, or distilled Water of Indian Tobacco, provo∣king Sweat withal, if possi∣ble.

§ 3. Charras his Aluminous Febrifuge is this: ℞ Burnt Alum q. v. put it into a Glass Cucurbit, which place in asand beat, and affuse thereon as much good Vinegar as is need∣ful to dissolve it; filter the dissolution, and evaporate in the same bath till a film cover the top of it, then set it to cry∣stallize in a cool place, which separate, dry, and keep for use.

§ 4. It is given for the cure of Tertian Agues, a lit∣tle before the Fit, à gr. xij. ad xx. in some proper purg∣ing Liquor. The Author had it doubtless by report, for he professes to know nothing of it by Experience: Yet this is certain, that it is cooling, and extreamly styptick, and as such, it may be esteemed a good thing against Agues of all sorts, forasmuch as Expe∣rience has confirmed to us, that styptick Medicaments are the chief profligators of those Diseases.

§ 5. Le Febur makes it after this manner: ℞ Pure Roch-Alum lbiij. calcine it in an unglaz'd earthen pot, in a moderate heat, till all the flegm is vanished away, then encrease the fire by degrees, till the Pot and Alum grow red hot, which done, have in a readiness in a great earthen Pan, Spirit of Vinegar lbij. into which put this calcin'd Alum thus red hot, so will it draw immediately, and take to it self the Essence and Magistery of Alum, (and the remainder of the Body will pre∣cipitate

it self in the bottom of the Vessel, into a white Pou∣der, which being separated, may by ablutions be sweetened and dryed, for other particular In∣tentions) This Vinegar im∣pregnated with the vertues of the Alum, filter and add to it Tincture of Elderberries, made with its own fermented Spirit ℥ss. put all into a Cucurbit, and in B. M. abstract all the super∣fluous humidity, to the consisten∣cy of a Syrup, then setting the Vessel in a cool place for 4 or 5 days, it will crystalize, which separate, dry, and keep for use.

§ 6. These Crystals are sudorifick, diuretick, and sto∣matick, and therefore a good Remedy against the Scurvy; but their chief intention is for the cure of Tertain Agues, be∣ing given à gr. x. ad xx. in decoction or Juice of Net∣tle-roots, or Chervil well de∣purated and mixed with a little Whitewine, a little be∣fore the Fit: In other cases it may be taken in like manner in the morning fasting.

XII. Arcanum Aluminis; The Arcanum of Alum.

Bate.] It is made of Alu∣men Dulce ℥ij. fused or melted Salt ℥vj. being mixed together and reverberated, and washed with Water S. A. The Ver∣tues are the same with those of the Alumen Dulce, or Sugar of Alum.

Salmon.] § 1. This is only Sugar of Alum, yet more purified and corrected, by the fused or melted Salt, which Salt is afterwards separated from it by washing, the Ar∣canum Aluminis precipita∣ting.

§ 2. It is esteemed better than the Alumen Dulce, and thought not inferiour to the Essence of Chalybs or Iron, Loadstone, &c. and is given à gr. x. ad xx. in any proper astringent Liquor.

§ 3. It is said to perform all the Operations of a good Styptick, and is not only good against Fevers and Agues, but also stops all immoderate Fluxes of the Bowels, and Fluxes of Seed, Gonorrhoea's in Men, and Whites in Wo∣men, or heat of Urine from a venereal cause, the Pocky taint being first taken off by some proper and specifick Remedy, according as the Prudence of the Physician shall direct.

§ 4. Modus Ʋtendi. ℞ Aq. Lactis alexiter. ℥iv. Syrup of Citron-peels ʒvj. of this Ar∣canum gr. xx. liquid Lauda∣num gut. x. mix for a Dose, against the Gonorrhoea, Whites, weakness of the

Back. &c. Universals being first premised. ℞ Centory or Carduus-water ℥iv. Syrup of Limons ℥j. of this Arcanum gr. xx. of our volatile Lauda∣num gr. ij. mix for a Dose, against a Tertian Ague, to be given three hours, or better, before the Fit, putting also the Sick into a condition of Sweating, that when the time of the cold Fit should come, the Patient may be in the midst of a good Sweat, by which means the violence of the Paroxism will be anti∣cipated.

XIII. * Arcanum Corallinum; The Coralline Secret.

Bate.] It is made of crude Mercury lbj. Spirit of Nitre lbij. distilled therefrom with cohobations, so will the Arca∣num remain in the bottom which is to be edulcorated ei∣ther by calcination, or washing it with Water S. A. Dose à gr. iv. ad vj. or more. It purges chiefly downwards, is a great Secret in the Lues Venerea, Dropsy, Gout, Ulcers, Scabs, Cancers.

Salmon.] § 1. We have shewn you another way of making it in our Pharm. Lon. lib. 3. cap. 7. sect. 23. which is with red Precipitate and Spirit of Salt, which is from Thibaut. And in Sect. 27. following you have another Coralline Arcanum from Schroder, in these or the like words. ℞ Fine Quick-silver, rectified Spirit of Nitre, A. ℥iij. digest till dissolution, draw off the Spirit in Sand, with a long∣neck'd Glass; to the Mercury left and pouder'd add as much fresh Spirit, viz. ℥iij. more, draw it off again, and repeat this with ℥iij. of fresh Spirit of Nitre the third time, so will you have a fine corallated Mer∣cury, which calcine with a gen∣tle fire, and it will be sweet without any corrosion.

§ 2. Now the difference between this Prescript, and that of our Author is only this; that whereas Schroder, or rather Hartman, prescribes but an equal quantity of Spi∣rit with the Mercury, and the operation to be three times repeated with the same quan∣tity of fresh Spirit. Our Au∣thor prescribes a trebble quantity of Spirit at once, and the same to be 3 times cohobated, which to me seems to make the Preparation the better by all the Cohobations, though Lemery seems to be of another opinion. He makes it thus.

§ 3. ℞ Mercury revived from Cinnaber ℥viij. Spirit of Nitre ℥viij. or ix. mix, and

dissolve, put the dissolution in∣to a Vial or Matrass with a short Neck, set in Sand, and evaporate all the moisture with a gentle heat, until there re∣mains a white Mass, then quic∣ken the Fire by little and lit∣tle, to the third degree, and keep it in this condition till all the matter is turned red, then take it off from the Fire, let it cool, and break the Vial, so will you have ℥ix. of Precipitate. Some put this red Precipitate into an earthen Pot, and pour upon it S. V. well rectified, then fire it, letting it burn till it is consumed, and then adding more, and burning it off as be∣fore: They repeat this Opera∣tion of deflagration six times, and call it Arcanum Coralli∣num.

§ 4. Now here is to be noted, that Lemery is of opi∣nion, that the distilling Spirit of Nitre three times off from the white Mass, or cohoba∣ting of it, to the encrease of its redness, is of no use, and as I apprehend him, adds no∣thing to the Vertue of the Medicine.

§ 5. But that it reduces the Mass into smaller Parti∣cles, is apparent; for if ℥iij. of Spirit of Nitre will reduce the Mercury into Particles so fine, ℥ix. of Spirit, from the same reason, must reduce it into Particles three times as fine. And this was the Opi∣nion of Paracelsus; and that the Particles at length might be made so fine, as to become Oily, else in vain was the Engine of Joel Langelot made, for the grinding of Gold, thereby to reduce it into Oil, if the smalness of the Particles added not something to that Reduction.

§ 6. And if the reducing of the Mercury into small Par∣ticles accidentally add to the Vertue of the Mercury, by enlarging the surface thereof; if then by adding three times the quantity of Spirit, the Particles be made three times as small, it follows by parity of Reason, that its Vertues must be three times as great.

§ 7. The white Mass which remains after the first evapo∣ration of the humidity, is a mixture of Mercury with a great many acid Spirits, for it weighs three ounces more than the crude Mercury did; and it is extreme corrosive and fiery, if applied to the Flesh.

§ 8. But according as it is calcin'd, to make it red, the Points of the Spirit of Nitre which caused the corrosion, do strike off, and fly into the Air; whence it comes to pass, that the more it is cal∣cin'd,

the more we encrease in nedness, and the more di∣minish its weight, and the less, it corrodes even in outward application. And therefore some Chyrurgions observing this, when they would make an Eschar quickly, chuse the Precipitate that is less red, or less red than usual, the more red being less escharotick.

§ 9. Therefore being con∣tinued for some hours under the red Mass, will cause it to sublime, and yet still retain its red colour, but this subli∣mate is hot so corrosive as the other; from whence it ap∣pears, that the Points or Acids of the Spirit of Salt are neces∣sary to make a sublimate very corroding.

§ 10. And the reason why it will sublime, is, because the Mercury being freed from many of the acid Spirits, which did fix it, has power to sublime with those that re∣main; but because those re∣maining Spirits do a little clog it in its career or volati∣lity, it commonly makes its station in the middle of the Vial.

§ 11. Le Mort makes it in all respects as Schroder or Hartman does, but after the dissolution and abstraction of the Spirit of Nitre, he affuses Spirit of Vinegar, so much as to overtop in 4 inches, di∣gests two days, after evapo∣rates to dryness, then affuses tartarized S. V. to overtop it 3 inches, digests and abstracts in Sand to dryness, cohoba∣ting the same Spirit upon the Mercury, so long till it ac∣quires an acidity. Lastly, affuses fresh Spirit of Wine upon the matter, and abstract again, so have you an Arca∣num Corallinum, which you may keep under the name of Aurum Horizontalis.

§ 12. It brings forth all noxious humors in the French Pox, Leprofie, Kings-Evil, &c. being given à gr. j. ad vj. It is a specifick Purge in all ul∣cerous Affects, or any vene∣real Relique; and if pru∣dently given with proper Catharticks, it cures the Dropsie, and all Diseases proceeding from cold glassy Flegm and watery Humors.

§ 13. Marggrave makes it of crude Mercury, and but double the Spirit of Nitre, with one single dissolution and abstraction of the Spirit and calcination to redness, abstracting several times from it the Alcohol of S. V. to re∣move from it its Acrimony.

§ 14. Charras makes it thus: ℞ Quick-silver ℥iv. (revived from Cinnaber) Spi∣rit of Nitre ℥iv. put all into a

Matrass, being first placed in a gentle Sand-heat; the ☿ being dissolved, encline the neck of the Matrass a little, and by en∣creasing the fire, evaporate the Spirit; this repeat three times with equal quantities of Spirit of Nitre, and at last encrease the fire, till the matter looks perfectly red, pouder it, affuse thereon the best rectified S. V. a little to overtop it, then de∣flagrate, and repeat the defla∣gration six times; pouder it, and keep it for use.

§ 15. He not only gives it against all venereal Di∣stempers, but also against Dropsies, Rheumatisms, and intermitting Agues, it purging universally bad Humors, chiefly Flegm, which it dis∣solves and carries off by the most commodious ways.

§ 16. It is given in some Conserve or Confection, from gr. iij. (saith he) ad. gr. viij. or x. It is used outwardly for the cure of old Ulcers, Fistula's, &c. chiefly such as are venereal; and in Poma∣tums, to take away all sorts of Scabs, Leprosies, Scurf, Morphew, and other defeda∣tions of the Skin.

§ 17. Le Febur takes to Mercury purified ℥ iv. Spirit of Nitre ℥ ivss. dissolves in a gen∣tle Ash-heat, in a short-neckt Matrass, and abstracts the Spi∣rit to dryness, and repeats this same work twice more with fresh Spirit of Nitre ℥ ivss. each time (by which means the Par∣ticles are made much finer than by any of the former. Operati∣ons) then poudering it finely in a Glass Mortar, calcines it in a Crucible by degrees in an open fire, till it is red hot, be∣comes of a fine red coralline co∣lour, and insipid in taste. Lastly, being in fine pouder; deflagrates rectified S. V. from it seven times, as is before taught.

§ 18. This, says he, is a purgative Precipitate, capa∣ble of working many noble effects, and without any cor∣rosion. Dose (says he) is from gr. ij. ad x. in purga∣tive Extracts, or a Dose of the Pilulae Angelicae of Gru∣lingius, commonly called the Frankfort Pill; which you may see in our Pharm. Lond. lib. 4. cap. 3. sect. 86. with its Vertues at large.

§ 19. It is a real and true Arcanum against the French Pox, with all its regiment of evil Symptoms, for it equal∣ly and universally purges away all that is hurtful and superfluous, and therefore is good against hydroptick hu∣mors, Gouts, Sciatica's Rheu∣matisms, Kings-Evil, inter∣mitting Fevers or Agues,

scirrhus Tumors, whether in∣ward in the Bowels, or out∣ward in other parts of the Body; it resolves Fluxions, and Cararrhs, and is good against the malignity of the Plague.

§ 20. Outwardly no Re∣medy surpasses it in the cure of corrosive, or eating and malignant Ulcers; it is good against Itch, Scabs, Leprosie, and all irruptions of the skin if mixed in Pomatums ℈j. of it to ℥ j. of the Oyntment, and so the Pulses in the Wrists, Feet, Fingers, and other parts be anointed there∣with.

§ 21. One thing I have to remind you of here, which is that being taken in∣wardly, but 6, 8, or 10 doses, it is a Specifick in removing nocturnal pains, which it so ab∣solutely cures, that they never return any more from that oc••••••••on. You may give it à gr. iij. ad v. or vj. mixt with ℈j. of Cinnaber of Anti∣mony, or native Cinnaber in fine pouder, which being mixt with the Pap of an Apple, is to be swallowed at night going to bed, and repeated in like manner the next night, then intermitting 2, 3 or 4 nights, (as the strength of the Patient requires) to be in like man∣ner repeated again for two other nights, and this course to be followed till 8 or 10 Doses are taken, at the end of which course you may pro∣bably (thro' God's Blessing) find your Patient perfectly well.

§ 22. Lastly, this Arcanum being put into a Vial hermeti∣cally sealed, and set for 8 whole days in a Sand-heat, a Tincture of Gold may be extracted from it, red like blood, leaving in the bottom a white substance or body of Gold; in another Phiol hermetically sealed coagulate it with a gentle fire in an Athe∣nar, into a red stone, which up∣on a Porphory, in a cold moist place, dissolve into Oyl, which afterwards purged from its fe∣ces, coagulate, and repeat the same coagulation a third time: This Precipitate, Elixir of Life and Mercurial Laudanum care∣fully keep in a Glass close stop∣ped.

§ 23. Dose gr. j. with Ex∣tract of Treacle, and Pouder of Liquorice, enough to make it up into Pills. In every Disease, after taking it, the Sick may drink a draught of Wine, repeating the Dose if necessity urge. Note, that the white substance of Gold remaining in the bottom of the Phiol, which is wont to be called fixed Silver, recovers its pristine colour, if precipi∣tated

with Antimony. See Paracelsus's Chyrurg. Mag.

XIV. Arcanum Corallinum Paracelsi; Paracelsus his Coralline Secret.

Bate.] ℞ Crude Mercury, Vitriol calcin'd, Nitre, A. lbij. mix and sublime, the sublimate mix with Nitre and Salt a lit∣tle calcin'd, A. lbj. Wine-Vine∣gar q. s. so as to make a Paste, which again sublime, separa∣ting the red from the yellow; wash each apart, or by it self, deflagrating thereon S. V. S. A. Dose à gr. iv. ad vij. It exceeds in vertue and power Mercurius Dulcis, and is a Secret in the French Pox, Dropsie, Scabs, &c.

Salmon.] § 1. Schroder has an Arcanum not much unlike to this, which he calls the Pa∣nacaea Mercurii, or fixt Mer∣cury, and it is thus made: ℞ Crude Mercury lbiij. yellow Sulphur lbij. Sal Armoniack lbiss. mix them well till no Mercury appears, then sublime, mix the sublimate again with its own feces, and sublime still afresh, then encrease the fire, and that at the bottom is the great Secret. It is (says he) sudorifick, drys up all bad Humors, and expels them by Sweat. Dose à ℈ss. ad ℈j. or ʒss.

§ 2. This Operation more fixes the Mercury than the former, for in the former Operation it all sublimes, whereas in this the Spirit of the Sulphur, by several subli∣mations, brings it to a singu∣lar degree of fixity, insomuch that it may be taken in all respects as safely as Mercu∣rius Dulcis.

§ 3. Hartman has also an Arcanum, which answers all the same intentions, but it is prepared after another man∣ner, which because it may be of service to the Sons of Art, we will here impart. ℞ Crude Mercury purified, digest it in red Oil of Vitriol, till it become as Water, abstract the Oyl by a Retort in Sand, and you will have a Precipitate at bottom; take this Precipitate and add to it an equal weight of Silver calcin'd, and as much of Sal. Armoniack; mix and sub∣lime, so the Sal Armoniack will ascend, leaving the Mercury and Silver at bottom, like pure Gold, which sweeten by many ablutions in fair Water, or by a gentle calcination, and it will become red. Dose à gr. iij. ad viij. or x. against the Pox, Dropsie, Scab, Leprosie, Gout, Stone, &c.

§ 4. This Arcanum or Matter being put into a Cru∣cible, in a melting Fire, turns

both the Ingredients, viz. the Mercury and Silver, into Glass; Harim. Disp. Chym. Med. 7. Th. 127. Vitrum hoc (dixit ille) infinitarum virtu∣tum est, quas singulas hoc loco recensere ne{que} instituti, ne{que} aequitatis est: Sed demonstra∣to conficiendi modo, solerti Chy∣miatria indagatori committi∣mus. It may be given à gr. iij. ad iv. and it will yield its Vertue to Wine by infusion, as other Glasses of the like kind will.

§ 5. But what the Arca∣mon Corallinum of Paracelsus was, does not plainly appear by what we have from him, for in his Fragmenta libri se∣cundi (pag. meâ 70.) speaking of the perfect cure of the Gout by his Coralline Arca∣num, he saith, Podagricut pri∣mò plenè, perfecté que per Ar∣camon Corallinum purgandus est. Per hoc fluxus podagrici us{que} adeò expurgantur, ut locus illi morbo ampliùs non detur: in isto siquidens Corallino, quod ex essentia Auri preparatum est, facultas adeò insignis latet, ut impossibile sit, Medicum ci∣tra illam purgationem Poda∣gram inquirere, &c. By the Essence of Gold he may pos∣sibly mean Mercury, for that the Hermetick Philosophers al∣ways accounted it the very Root and Foundation, or Es∣sence of that Metal. And De Vita Longa, lib. 2. cap. 1. he saith, Tria quae ad perfe∣ctam podagrae curam requirun∣tur; purgatio, apertio, deinde Cura in hanc sententionem: Principio purgetur omnis po∣dagricus plena ac perfecta pur∣gatione, & id ipsum Arcano Corallino, quo interveniente, eliciuntur fluxus podagriae, adeò ut ne locus porro relinqua∣tur podagrae: In hoc Corallino quod ex essentia Auri est, tanta vis, ac virtus inest, ut eam, nisi hac purgatione à medico deprehendi impossibile sit: fiat ista purgandi ratio sexies, aut septies, pro vetustate sive duri∣tia, sive natura podagrae. All this we were willing to say in the Author's own words, that at least its use might the better be understood.

§ 6. However, this of our Author's, going under the Name of Paracelsus, is taken from Crollius, and by Hart∣man attributed to Paracelsus, tho' he confesses it is no where to be found in his Works. Libavius also denies it to be his, because the genuine Pre∣paration is no where in any of his Writings; therefore Hartman questions whether Libavius ever saw Paracelsus's Key (which he sent in Wri∣ting to a certain Friend, and has lain hid among some few,

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as especially with Heuserus, who set forth Paracelsus his Works, and afterwards by Rhenanus it was in part divul∣ged) or had yet read Geber de Fornacibus, or the Ninth Chapter of the same; or whe∣ther he understood how Mer∣cury with Saltpeter is subli∣med, red, and splendid.

§ 7. In this Preparation the crude Mercury ought to be purified, which is done with a Lixivium of Calx Vive, and Potashes, 6 or 7 times repea∣ted, and afterwards wash'd with Salt and Vinegar so long, till it has a coelestial colour, so will it be fit for sublimation.

§ 8. Or thus: ℞ Crude Mercury, put it into a long Glass, no part cut off, put on it the best S. V. so much as to co∣ver it 2 inches; keep it well stopt with your Thumb, and shake the Glass between your hands very well, so will the Mercurial blackness be sepa∣rated in the Spirit of Wine, and to the sides of the Vessel; the S. V. thus fouled, decant and affuse fresh S. V. shaking as be∣fore, which Operation continue and repeat, till the whole black∣ness be removed (which in some kinds of Mercury which are very foul, will be almost a fourth part of their weight) and the Mercury appears of a most pure, bright, and coelestial colour. The S. V. you may abstract in B. M. from the filth, and keep it for use, reserving the Feces for killing Lice, Nits, Worms, Itch, &c. as you shall see fit.

§ 9. The Saltpeter or Ni∣tre must be also diligently purified, and separated from all vulgar Salt, otherwise the Sublimate or Arcanum will be above measure corrosive. Now a Trial whether the Salt be duly separated, is thus made: If the Nitre be put upon a red-hot Iron Plate, and it all burn up and fly away, lea∣ving no sign of that remaining, it is fine and pure, and fit for this work, otherwise not: How to purifie it, see in its pro∣per place.

§ 10. The incorporation will be best done with a wooden Pestel, and so long till the Mercury seems wholly mortifi∣ed, or does disappear, then put the whole Mass into a conve∣niently large earthen Cucurbit, being very clean, and begin the distillation in Sand, or a naked Fire, but moderate it first for one night, that the Flegm may come forth, then by gradual en∣creasing the Fire for 24 hours or more, sublime the matter; so will the crude Mercury ascend to the head of the Alem∣bick with a very dark colour, in the middle of the Alembick

it will be of a yellow colour, and a little above the matter of a rubicund colour; then break the Glass, and gather all the sublimate Pouder, as well the red ••s the yellow, and take of Nitre, and of Alum calcin'd (not too lightly, lest the Mercu∣ry revive with it, not too strong∣ly, lest the Spirits vanish) of each as much as your Mercury purified was at first; mix them with the Mercury by beating, moistening them with the flegm of the former distil∣led Vinegar, then sublime in a new Alembick as before, and in contin••ing the fire for the space of 12 hours (the last two there∣of the bottom of the Cucurbit being very hot) the Operation ••ill be done, and the pouder as••end, below of a most red co∣lour, a little above that yellow, and in the top black.

§ 11. The Vessels and Mat∣ter being co••led, break the Glass, and carefully take all out; that which is red, and sticks to the sides of the Glass, a little above the Caput Mor∣tu••m, is ••••••e, and fit for use, because the Mercury has acqui∣red a Coralline colour; this keep apart, and ••dulcorate with Cordial Waters, as of Rose∣mary flowers, Damask-Roses, and the like, and lastly, burn often from it the best S. V.

§ 12. The yellow flowers gather also apart, and in a Crucible, with a moderate fire, calcine, that it may be red, and afterwards, in the same man∣ner, edulcorate it: Or rather mix at first the red and yellow flowers together, and put them into a Phial or Bolt-head, and set them in a sand-heat for cer∣tain days, till they are red.

§ 13. The black Feces in the top, with the Caput Mort. you may either cast away, or otherwise keep it, and from thence revive Mercury.

§ 14. It cures not only the French Pox, with all its Attendants, and the Dropsie, but also the Gout, Scabs, and Leprosie; this needs not seem strange to them who know that Mercury is the Balsam of Nature, in which is an in∣carnative and regenerative Vertue, wonderfully renova∣tive and restorative, and cleansing from all Impuri∣ties.

§ 15. Hartman has ano∣ther Arcanum Coralinum of his own, much of this kind, which (says he) is more easie to make, and more excellent than the former of Paracelsus, and it is thus: ℞ Salt (ex∣tracted out of the Caput Mort. of AF. made of Vitriol and Nitre) ℥vj. and Mercury well purged ℥ij. Nitre purified ʒij.

mix and grind them well toge∣ther, imbibing them with Vi∣negar until in those Salts the Mercury be quite consumed, then in a Cucurbit, with its Alembick, sublime after the usual manner: Some will be white, some yellowish Saffron like, and some of it will be most red, without any corrosion. Gather the Saffron coloured and red, rejecting the rest; when mixt, put them into a Bolt-head, and in a very hot sand-heat, or otherwise, sublime it per se, that all may be very red, afterward wash or edulco∣rate it, and upon it burn S. V. tartarized.

§ 16. It cures Scabs, Ul∣cers, Cancers, Fistula's, Pox, Gonorrhoea, Dropsie, Gout, Leprosie, &c. and the Dose is as in the former, being a true metallick Laudanum, or Treacle of Metals.

XV. Arcanum Cosmeticum; The beautifying Secret.

Bate.] ℞ Venice Talck made into subtile pouder, accor∣ding to Art, p. j. Oyl of Cam∣phir, p. ij. digest in B. M. to the greatest whiteness, S. A.

Salmon.] § 1. There are several ways of reducing Talck into Pouder; as we have shewed in our Pharm. Lond. lib. 3. cap. 13. sect. 102. & 103. but Schroder, from whom the Recipe is taken, says it must be crude Talck in Pouder, and if so, you must take the Pouder made by rubbing it with Pumex∣stones, or filed with a Gold∣smith's Smoothing-file, or otherwise by heating it in a hot Mortar.

§ 2. The Oyl of Cam∣phir also here intended, is that which we have describ'd cap. 3. sect; 4. § 2. of this Book aforegoing, so that no more need be said of it here.

§ 3. This Oyl being pou∣red upon the fine Pouder of the Talck aforementioned▪ or a Pouder made by calcina∣tion, it will grow white, as Schroder says, by two days maceration in B. M. which, says he, is a brave fucus for Ladies Faces. See our Se∣plasium, lib. 4. cap. 60. sect; 9, 10, & 11.

XVI. Arcanum Duplex, seu Sal Duplex; The Dupli∣cate Secret, or Salt.

Bate.] It is drawn forth out of the Caput Mortuum of double AF. dissolved in warm Water, filtred and evaporated S. A. It is of egregious use in melancholy affects, all sorts of Fevers, Stone, Scurvy, &c. Dose à ℈j. ad ℈ij.

Salmon.] § 1. What the single Aquafortis is, you may see in our Pharm. Lond. lib. 3. cap. 10. sect. 48. the Double here intended is described in cap. 1. sect. 27. of this Book aforegoing.

§ 2. It is drawn forth with warm Water, because by reason of the heat, it melts the Salt, and so both more easily and sooner makes the Extraction.

§ 3. Mynsicht seems to be the Author hereof, and calls it Arcanum Duplicatum, but he calcines the elicited Sal, (being first ground into Pou∣der on a Marble) in a Glass Cucurbit, well luted, by a good gradual encrease of the Fire for 12 hours, so that at length the bottom of the Cu∣curbit becomes red hot, which Work of poudering and cal∣cining he repeats to the third time.

§ 4. And from Mynsicht Rolfincius assumed it, who makes the Calcination in a Glass Retort, affirming Geor∣gius Bussius to be the first In∣ventor. He saith it opens and incides and cures Ob∣structions of the Hypochon∣ders, having also a diuretick force.

§ 5. Mynsicht saith it is a Secret against Melancholy, Madness, alienation of the Mind, Fevers, Plague, and Epidemick Diseases; and it works variously, by Sweat, Stool, and sometimes induces Sleep.

§ 6. Marggrave calls it Nitrum Vitriolatum, or Sal Ducis Holsatiae, and prepares it only by a simple solution and digestion for 24 hours, then fil∣tration, evaporation, ad cuti∣culam, or to dryness, by which you have a very white Salt en∣clining to greenness: This Salt he well dries upon Paper in hot Sand, till it becomes hard and white, and so keeps it for use without any farther calcination, as the other Authors advise.

§ 7 He ascribes also the same Vertues to it, and withal says, it is very acute and pe∣netrating, conducing to the cure of acute Diseases, the Scurvy, and Hypocondriack Distempers: It is to be given in Broth, in the morning fa∣sting.

§ 8. Schroder depurates the Salt by many Solutions and Coagulations, till it is white, then pouders it, and puts it in∣to a luted Cucurbit or Still, calcines and melts, and for the better melting, adds some Sal Nitre, to make it melt the ea∣sier, which work he repeats four times, but after the second or third time depurates the mat∣ter again from the feces,

by solution and coagulation.

§ 9. Others, to make it melt, instead of Sal Nitre, take Sal Prunellae p. j. to the Salt of the Caput Mort. p. ij.

§ 10. Joel Langelot says, he has proved it by a thousand Experiences, in Fevers, Agues, Melancholy, Stone, Scurvy, &c. And Schroder says, he has often observ'd it to cause Sleep chiefly in melancholy Persons; also that it cost his Prince five hundred Dolars or Crowns, and that they spent some pounds of it every day.

§ 11. Some add to the Salt p. vij. Calx of Gold right∣ly prepared p. j. then mixing and grinding them together upon a Crucible, keep the mix∣ture as a great Treasure.

§ 12. Le Febure puts the Caput Mort, to digest in boi∣ling distilled Rain-water, and stirs it often the better to ex∣tract the Salt; then filters and slowly evaporates in Ashes, in an earthen Pan or glass vessel, and when the Cuticula appears, puts it to crystallize, and after that, evaporates to dryness, that he may have all the Salt, which he often dissolves, filtrates, eva∣porates, and crystalizes, till it is very clear and pure.

§ 13. Then he takes of this Salt p. v. of Crystal Mineral p. j. mixes them in fine pou∣der, puts them into a luted Cu∣curbit, and calcines them in an open gradual Fire, in this Cu∣curbit, till all be melted into a Mass. This Work he repeats a second time, then dissolves a∣gain, filtrates and evaporates in B. M. to dryness; of this Salt he takes p. vij. Calx of Sol p. j. mixes and gives them together, and in a new-luted Cucurbit calcines it in a well-graduated fire, till it melts, which then he takes and keeps as a great Remedy.

§ 14, He ascribes to it all the Vertues before enumera∣ted, and says, that its manner of operating cannot sufficient∣ly enough be praised, for that it sweetly provokes Sleep, and settles the Archaeus of the Ventricle in its ordinary state and calmness when it is out of order.

§ 15. Briefly, says he, there is a certain hidden Mystery in it, whereof it is very diffi∣cult to render any reason, un∣less it be, that this Salt has re∣ceived the Eradiations of the Anodyn Sulphur of Vitriol, by the mighty power and force of the Fire, or sufficient∣ly opening the Gold, makes it yield and communicate its salutiferary Influences and Vertues, &c.

XVII. Arcanum Joviale; The Jovial Arcanum, or Secret of Tin.

Bate.] Make an Amalga∣ma of equal parts of purified Mercury, and English Tin, which reduce into a pouder, di∣gest it into rectified Spirit of Nitre, and distil off the Spirit by retort to dryness; the mass in the bottom grind and edul∣corate it, by a manifold accen∣sion of S. V. S. A. Dose à gr. iij. ad viij. It is a great su∣dorisick.

Salmon.] § 1. You must first melt the Tin, and then add the Mercury, stirring them together in a hot Mortar with an Iron Pestel, till the Sub∣stances are well mixed and reduced into Pouder, then putting the metalline Pouder into a Glass Stillatory, you are to digest them together for some time before distilla∣tion; the more in quantity the Spirit of Nitre is, the better will be the Arcanum, because there is a more ample union made not only between the metalline Sulphurs, among themselves, but also between the metalline and saline Sul∣phurs, so that they may be said to enter into one ano∣thers Properties.

§ 2. In this Preparation, tho' the Spirit of Nitre opens both the bodies, and also in some measure unites them, yet that is but a part of the work, for the body of the Mercury is also in a great measure fixed by the sub∣stance of the Jupiter, so that it is not so apt to fly upwards and cause Salivations as other∣wise, nor has it half the dan∣gerous and pernicious conse∣quences, which attends most other Preparations of Mer∣cury.

§ 3. It is a great Secret in the cure of the Pox, and all sorts of Pocky Symptoms, as also Leprosies, Ringworms, rebellious Herpes, Rheuma∣tisms, Scurvy, &c. in any part of the Body. If it be given in a small dose, it po∣werfully provokes Sweat, but if in a larger dose, as à gr. viij. ad gr. xij. ad xvj. or xx. in very strong People it does Wonders in a short time.

§ 4. I am not aware that I ever observed it to flux any one, but it powerfully pro∣vokes Sweat, if given in a moderate dose, as ℈ss. or gr. xij. for sometimes it cures al∣most incurable Diseases, and that by an insensible way. I deny not but it may cause spitting in some, but 'tis very rare, and what I never found

by the use of the Medicine.

§ 5. It is a Specifick a∣gainst the Worms in Chil∣dren, the King's-Evil, though of many years standing, Can∣cers in Womens Breasts, or elsewhere, and a confirmed Leprosie.

XVIII. Arcanum Scriptorium, A Secret for Writing, or The Sympathetical Ink.

Bate.] It is made of the Salt of Saturn ʒj. dissolved in an ounce of Water, for the Writing Liquor, and of Arse∣nick or Orpiment in pouder, mixed with Quick-lime, A ℥ss. digested in Water ℥iv. for the oblineatory Liquor.

Salmon.] § 1. The Process from Le Mort, who calls it Atramentum Sympatheticum. It is composed, says he, of two liquors the first of which is thus made: ℞ Litharge of Gold ℥j. Spirit of Vinegar ℥iij. mix and boil a little, till the Spirit of Vinegar grows sweet, or has extracted the salt of the Lead, then let it be fil∣tred, and kept for use.

§ 2. The second Liquor is thus made: ℞ Auripig∣ment in fine pouder ℥j. Calx Vive about ℥ij. mix and boyl 'em well together in a sufficient quantity of Water, till the Li∣quor acquire a subvirid colour, then filter, and keep it for use.

§ 3. Whatsoever is writ∣ten with the first Liquor will not appear, unless the second be put to it, or over it, near it, for then the inapparent Wri∣ting done with the first Li∣quor appears black, yea, al∣tho' some others Bodies be interposed between them; as suppose it be a moderately thick Book, so that the writ∣ten Paper may be on the up∣per part of the Book lying along, and another Paper moistened with the latter Li∣quor, be put on the under side of the Book, and so prest hard together for some little time.

§ 4. Lemery has it some∣what more explicitely, with the additions of a third Li∣quor; first get an impregna∣tion of Saturn with Spirit of Vinegar, or dissolve so much Saturn as a quantity of Wa∣ter is able to receive.

§ 5. Secondly, Burn Cork and quench it in Aqua-vitae, then dissolve it in a sufficient quantity of Water, in which a little Gum-Arabick has been melted, in order to make an Ink as black as common Ink: The Cork that wont dissolve and mix, separate, and if the Ink be not black enough, add more burnt Cork, as be∣fore.

§ 6. Thirdly, Take Quick-lime ℥j. Orpiment in fine pou∣der ℥ss. mix them together, put the mixture into a Matrass, and pour upon it water ℥v. or vj. so that it may be three in∣ches above the pouder; stop the Matrass with Cork, Wax, and a Bladder, and set it in digestion in a gentle sand-heat for 10 or 12 hours, shaking the Matrass often; then let it set∣tle, that the liquor may become clear, like common Water.

§ 7. The first Experiment. Write with the first Liquor or Impregnation of Saturn on Paper, with a new Pen, and take notice of the place where you wrote, and let it dry, then nothing at all will appear. Write upon the in∣visible Writing with the Ink made of burnt Cork, and let it dry, which will appear as if it had been done with com∣mon Ink. Dip a little Cot∣ten in the third or last Li∣quor, being first filtred, or very clear, and rub the place you wrote upon with this Cotton, so will that which before appeared, being writ∣ten with the Cork-Ink, im∣mediately disappear; and that which was written with the Impregnation of Saturn, and not to be seen, will im∣mediately appear, and be vi∣sible.

§ 8. The second Experi∣ment. Take a Book four in∣ches in thickness, or thicker if you please, write on the first leaf with the Impregnation of Saturn, or else lay a Paper which you have written in the same place, then turn the other side of the Book, and having observed as near as may be, the opposite place to your Writing, rub the last leaf of the Book, or another Paper, with the third Liquor made of Quick-lime and Or∣piment, which lay in the place of that last leaf, and leave the Cotton on the place, clap a folded Paper presently upon it, and shutting the Book quickly, strike upon it with your Hand 4 or 5 good strokes, then turn the Book, and put it into a Press for half a quarter of an hour, take it out and open it, and you will find the place appear black, where you had wrote with the first Liquor or Im∣pregnation of Saturn: And the same thing would be done, was the thickness of 2 or 3 Ream of Paper between, pro∣vided they were in like man∣ner prest, to hinder the eva∣porating of the Spirits.

XIX. Aurum Fulminans; Lightning or Thundering Gold.

Bate.] It is made of Sol dissolved in A. R. and precipi∣tated with Oyl of Tartar per deliq. then edulcorating and drying, S. A. They usually give 3 or 4 grains thereof to provoke Sweating.

Salmon.] § 1. Maets makes it in this proportion; ℞ Filings of fine Gold, p. j. Aquae Regiae p. iij. or iv. dis∣solve the Sol in a gentle sand-hea•• to which dissolution affuse Oyl of Tartar per deliquium, drop by drop, till the efferve∣scence of the Salts shall cease. This is made a regeneration of Nitre, for the most subtile parts of the Nitre intimately mix themselves with the Par∣ticles of the Gold, in such sorts, that if they be affected with too great a heat, they break forth into a flame with a thundering noise.

§ 2. Lemery makes it thus. ℞ Gold in thin Plates or Leaves, q. v. put it into a Vial or Matrass, and affuse thereon gradatim, 3 or 4 times as much A. R. digest on warm Sand till the Gold is dissolved, or the A. R. has swallowed up as much of the Sol as it can hold, which you may know by the ceasing of the Ebulition. Decant the solution into a Glass Vessel, and affuse thereon five or six times as much common wa∣ter, then drop into this mixture Gutatim, volatile Spirit of Sal Armoniack or Oleum Tartari per deliq. so will the Gold pre∣cipitate. After a good while settling, that all the Gold may fall down, decant off the Water by Inclination, wash the Preci∣pitate with warm Water, till it grows insipid, and so dry it in a Paper at a gentle fire, be∣cause it is apt to take fire, and fly away with a noise and vio∣lence like Thunder and Light∣ning.

§ 3. Now here is to be no∣ted that Plates or Leaves of Gold are used in this Opera∣tion, that its dissolution may the more easily be perfor∣med: And you must put on the A. R. gradatim, to avoid the mighty effervescency, which would possibly drive it out of the Matrass; which effervescency proceeds from the violent division of the me∣talline Particles, for when it finds no more Particles to work upon, having divided the body of the Gold into as many Atoms as 'tis possible, the Ebulition ceases, and the Sol remains in the A. R. im∣perceptible to us, so that the Water seems not to be chan∣ged

from what it was before, it is, so perfectly clear and transparent, except that it has received a golden colour, and is become yellow.

§ 4. This dissolution of Gold is only a suspension of the Particles of the Metal in the Water, made by the Points of the A. R. for it is not enough, that the A. R. does divide the Gold into subtile Particles, but it is farther re∣quisite that the said points or edges should hold up the A∣toms, otherwise they would alwaies fall to the bottom in a Pouder, though never so subtile.

§ 5. These acid edges are bodies exceeding light, in comparison of the Particles of Gold, and they have their su∣perficies more extended, con∣sequently take up more room in the flegm, and this is that that holds them up, and makes them swim; for as a piece of Wood will swim in Wa∣ter, and a piece of Metal sink, yet if the Metal be fixt on the Wood, or suspended by it, they both will swim toge∣ther.

§ 6. The Oyl of Tartar, or Spirit of Sal Armoniack used in this Precipitation, contain each of them an alcalious Salt, which being mixed with A∣cids, causes an immediate fermentation, in which the Parts of the A. R. which held up the Particles of the Gold, do grow weak, and so weak, as to be able to hold them no longer; by which means, through their own weight, they precipitate.

§ 7. Now the reason why the volatile Spirit of Sal Ar∣moniack weakens the A. R. which is compounded of Sal Armoniack, is this; The strength of the A. R. not pro∣ceeding so much from the vo∣latile part of the Sal Armo∣niack, as from the Sea-salt, which in great plenty is mix∣ed with it, and from which indeed the mighty force of the A. R. proceeds, it follows that as the only Sea-salt which is a fixed Acid, can strengthen it, so whatsoever is opposite to it, such as is a volatile Alcali, (and such is the volatile Spi∣rit of Sal Arm.) must in like manner weaken and destroy it, by absorbing in some mea∣sure its acidity: And indeed, both Sea-salts and Sal Gem may either of them be indif∣ferently substituted in the place of Sal Armoniack for making Aqua Regis, as I may elsewhere observe and de∣monstrate.

§ 8. From what has been said it appears, that this Ope∣ration is only Particles of

Gold, impregnated with acid Spirits, which causes it, when set over the Fire, to give such a loud or thundering crack.

§ 9. And it is also obser∣vable from the precise weigh∣ing the Gold, that from ʒiij. of fine Gold, you will have ʒiv. of Aurum Fulminans, when well dryed.

§ 10. Now the reason why the dissolvent quits the Body it dissolved and held up, is the adding some Body which by its motion and fi∣gure is able to engage the Acids, so much as to break them, whereby the Particles of Gold being at liberty, through their own weight they subside; and this is done through any alcalious Salt: And such are Oyl of Tartar. and volatile Spirit of Sal Ar∣moniack, which being very active Salts in their kind, and finding Bodies at rest, pre∣sently move them, and by a quick and rapid motion shake them so violently, as to break the Points by which the metalline Particles were su∣spended; which fragments of Points being thus disenga∣ged from the Gold, act now upon the alcalious Salt, pier∣cing and dividing their Par∣ticles asunder, which are much more soluble in their nature than the Gold; and from hence proceeds this new Ebulition, &c.

§ 11. By this means the remaining A. R. is rendered uncapable of dissolving any more Gold, because it has no more power left of making a penetration: And the precipi∣tated Gold is impregnated with some parts of the Dissol∣vent, for that the sharpest part of these points remain within the Particles of the Precipi∣tate, in which they are so closely lock'd up, that though it be several times washed in warm Water, they cannot possibly be disengaged from their hold.

§ 12. And this is plainly apparent, when put upon the fire, from the great detona∣tion or noise which is made, which can proceed from no∣thing else but the enclosed Spirits, which violently break the most compact body of Gold, to get speedily out, when they are forc'd to it by the vertue of Fire.

§ 13. This Aurum Fulmi∣nans has a force vastly stron∣ger than Gunpouder, viz. as 1. to 200. for ʒj. of this Ful∣minant Gold put into a Silver Spoon or Ladle, and held over the Fire, will give a lou∣der bounce than ʒ 200 or ℥xxv. of the finest and best Gunpouder.

§ 14. But from this Vio∣lence no Fear need to arise; as to the taking of it inward∣ly, tho' much heated by the Stomach, for the humidities thereof mixing with it, hin∣der it from making such a thundering noise, as when set over the Fire in a Spoon; for so much the more moi∣sture comes to it, so much the less noise it does make.

§ 15. This Medicine cau∣ses Sweat, and drives out malign and pestilential Hu∣mors by transpiration, and may be given in the Small Pox à gr. ij. ad vj. in Con∣serve of Roses, or Electuary, or some proper Syrup: It stops Vomiting, and mode∣rates the activity of Mercury; and some Authors think it to be the best Medicine in the World to expel Mercury out of the Body by Sweat, when it has been given by unskil∣ful Hands: And as Gold re∣presses the violence of Mer∣cury, because it does amalga∣mate with it, so Aurum Ful∣minans does it much better; for being volatile, it is more easily carried through all the Body, and fails not to find out the Mercury, where-ever it lies.

§ 16. And as taken in∣wardly it causes Sweat, be∣cause the heat of the Body volatilizes it, and forces it through the Pores; so also, if the Pores are very open, it will only cause an insensible transpiration, for from the closeness of the Pores, it re∣mains a longer time before it can pass through, whereby the vaporous humidity which accompanies it condenses up∣on the Skin, and is that which we call Sweat.

§ 17. That the Gold and Spirit of Nitre, jointly toge∣ther, causes this Operation, is almost manifestly apparent, for 'tis very probable that these Spirits do carry with them some parts of the Gold, with which they are so inti∣mately mixed; and being thus armed (as it were) with the Particles of the Gold, it is made the more powerful, to conquer and overcome what shall oppose in its Passage, than if it were singly given of it self.

§ 18. Charras says it must not be washed above once or twice, if you intend to pre∣serve the Purgative faculty, which the Salts impart to it: It is, says he, very diaphore∣tick, and may be given à gr. iij. ad vj. in some Conserve or Confection.

§ 19. The violent and wonderful effects of this Au∣rum Fulminans ought to o∣blige

the Artist to great cir∣cumspection in the drying of it, as also in the keeping and giving of it. 'Tis true also, that its fulminating or thun∣dering force may easily be obtunded, by moistening it with Spirit of Vitriol, Salt, or Sulphur, before it be wholly dryed, because those Acids joyning themselves to the Par∣ticles of the other Acids, which were intimately mix∣ed with the Precipitate of Gold, break the Union, and hinder the violence which they would exert in taking fire.

§ 20. By this means you may afterwards dry this Pre∣cipitate over the fire without any danger, yea, and make it red hot in a Crucible, o•• melt it without fear of any fulmination; but then it would be a question whether it would be so efficacious to the purposes intended, as it was before; and therefore, in my opinion, it is better to have it according to its ge∣nuine proportion, though it costs more care and circum∣spection in the performance thereof.

XX. Aurum Vitae; Living or Vital Gold.

Bate.] It is made of fine Gold ʒij. and purified Mercu∣ry ℥ij. each dissolved by them∣selves in their proper Menstru∣ums, then mix'd together and distilled in a Retort to dryness: This remaining Calx is to be calcin'd, and edulcorated by ablution in Water and Accen∣sion of S. V. S. A. It is said to excel, and is preferred be∣fore all other kinds of Ca∣tharticks; it kills Worms, cures the French Pox, and overcomes the Spotted Fever, Plague, Quartan Agues, &c. Dose à gr. iij. ad vj. vel viij. in Sugar of Roses, or in the yolk of an Egg. or in Broth, or in Pills, more especially if mix'd with Scammony, and moistened with burnt Aqua Vitae.

Salmon.] § 1. We have gi∣ven you several Preparations of this Medicament, from divers Authors, as from Bo∣vius, Hartman, and Sennertus, all which you may see in our Pharmacop. Londinensis, lib. 3. cap. 7. sect. 37, 38, 39. but this of our. Author differs from them all, as we shall anon shew.

§ 2. Others makes it thus: ℞ Fine Gold in Filings or

Leaves ℥ij. Aqua Regis ℥viij. mix and dissolve, keeping the dissolution in a hot place: Take also crude Quick-silver well cleansed ℥xij. common A. F. lbij. ℥xxiv. mix and dissolve; mix the Solutions together, and in a little time all will appear very black; by an Alembick in Sand distil it with a gentle heat, encreasing the fire gra∣dually, till what is in the bot∣tom begins to be red, and the Spirits are seen to evaporate, afterwards encrease the heat, that the Cucurbit in the bot∣tom may be very hot; this done, take it out, and if any thing shall be sublimed, take it also and mix with the other, put all into a Crucible, and cal∣cine it till the Spirits be well separated, stirring it with an Iron Rod, then edulcorate it by washing it in warm Water, and draw off from it rectified S. V. with many cohobati∣ons.

§ 3. This of our Author is thus to be done: The Gold ʒij. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 to be dissolved in the A. R. ℥iv. described in the afore-cited Chapter, sect. 27. These two Solutions you are to mix together, and perfect the Precipitate by distillation, cal∣cination, ablution, and accensi∣on of S. V. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the Prescript di∣rects.

§ 4. The difference of all these five Prescripts has rela∣tion either as to the manner of making, or to the Proportions: As to the manner of making, Bovius, Hartman, Bate, and the Prescript aforegoing, agree, in dissolving the Gold and Mercury apart: Sennertus alone makes first an Amalga∣ma, and then dissolves it in A. F. As to the Proportions, they all differ; Bovius has p. j. of Sol to p. iv. of Mer∣cury; Tilingius and the Pre∣script we have here inserted, has 1 of Gold to 6 of Mer∣cury; Bate, our Author, has 1 of Gold to 8 of Mercury; Sennertus has 1 of Gold to 10 of Mercury; lastly, Crollius and Hartman have one of Gold to 12 of Mercury.

§ 5. Without doubt, as it has the suffrage of the grea∣ter number, to dissolve each Metal apart by it self, so it seems to be the more natural way, notwithstanding the smallness of the Particles, which some think the Mer∣cury by amalgamation reduces the Gold to, the A. F. only acting upon the Mercury in this Preparation, and not up∣on the Gold at all; whereas in the other Preparations the Gold receives a singular vola∣tility and openness from the A. R. as upon occasion I am

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able to demonstrate, and has such a union with some parts of the Armoniack Salt, as can scarcely ever be separated from it again, without loss of some parts of the Gold.

§ 6. As to the proportions, if it be made after Sennertus's way, the longer proportions are the better; but in the other methods, that in a mean between 4 and 12, is in my judgment to be chosen, which is the proportion assigned by our Author; for if you amal∣gamate, the more the Mer∣cury is in quantity, the more minute Particles it reduces the Body of the Gold into; but if you dissolve apart in Strong-waters, you do two things at once, in some mea∣sure volatilize the Gold, and make more fixt the Mercury, by a unition of dissolved Par∣ticles in their Menstruums, and a gentle fixation toge∣ther in a calcinatory heat.

§ 7. The Vertues of this Medicine are many and great, (take which Prepara∣tion you please) it easily, safely, and speedily roots out any old, malign, rebellious, ••or deplorable Disease; it cures the French Pox, with all its symptoms, to a won∣der, kills Worms in old or young, cures the King's-Evil, Dropsie, Gout, Sciatica, Le∣prosie, Scurvy, Tetters, Ring-worms, rebellious Herpes, Plague, Poyson, and all sorts of Fevers, whether continual or intermitting: It also cures the Green-sickness in Virgins, the Cholick, from what cause soever, Cancers in any part of the Body, dissolves Scir∣rhus Tumors, and removes all manner of Obstructions, in what part of the Body so∣ever; and it is said in these Distempers to begin, conti∣nue, and perfect the Cure alone. Truly, I can say upon my own large experi∣ence, it performs wonderfully in all long, old, rebellious, and undetermin'd Diseases, performing Cures many times beyond all expectation.

XXI. Aethiops Minerale; The Mineral Black.

Bate.] ℞ Flowers of Sul∣phur p. ij. crude Mercury p. j. mix them exactly, and kindle or fire them, so as they may be made into a most black pouder, S. A. It is of use in the French Pox, Dropsie, &c. and fluxes not.

Salmon.] § 1. Some make the mixture with Flowers of Sulphur, and crude Mercury, ana. But a late Writer will have it to be Flowers of Sul∣phur ʒvj. crude Quick-silver ℥j

to be only mixed together in a Mortar, by grinding till the Quick-silver disappears, and is reduc'd into a subtile brown pouder, which grows very black. This thus made, and in this proportion, he gives à gr. xxv. ad xxx. Morning and Eve∣ning (gently purging the Bo∣dy the fourth day) to kill Worms, for which 'tis doubt∣less a good Medicine.

§ 2. But that it may be alwaies given safely, without danger of fluxing or saliva∣ting, I dare not affirm; for my self, who have used it above this twenty years with extraordinary success, (pre∣pared only by grinding toge∣ther) altho' I often used it without any sear of Salivati∣on, yet sometimes, contrary to my expectation, it would raise a gentle Flux or Spit∣ting.

§ 3. My usual proportion was this: ℞ Crude Quick-silver, Flowers of Sulphur, ana. mix them together ••y grinding in an Iron or Marble Mortar, till the Mercury disappears, and becomes with the Sulphur an impalpable Pouder▪ as black as Jet, which by much rubbing in this Mortar it will easily be made.

§ 4. The first Light I had for making this Medicine, I received from the Learned Barbet, by reading of his Chyrurgery; and some little hint I gave of su••h a like Me∣dicine (made of Sulphur and Mercury by grinding) about ten years since in my Doron. Medicum, lib. 2. cap. 21. sect. 16. printed anno 1683.

§ 5. And this Medicine made of the two Ingredients in equal proportion, I have all a long used, and do still, not esteeming it much infe∣riour to many other Prepara∣tions of Mercury, much more famed than it; but where I meet with fluxile and tender Bodies, and where the Hu∣mors are apt to be put into motion, I alwaies take the Proportions of our Author, but compleat it without de∣flagration, thus: ℞ Flowers of Sulphur ℥ij. crude Quick-silver ℥j. mix by grinding in an Iron or Marble Mortar, till the Mercury disappears, and with the Sulphur becomes an impalpable pouder of a deep black colour.

§ 6. The Medicine made according to this last Pre∣script, I take to be very safe, and have given it often with all the desired effects imagi∣nable; nor do I remember that it ever produced a Sali∣vation, or any thing like it, in any person I ever gave it to, whether old or young.

§ 7. If you shall yet scru∣ple to use this mean Prepara∣tion, but rather make choice of that of our Author, made by deflagration, you have your liberty, and may do it, but for my part, I shall al∣waies use that made by sim∣ple grinding, &c.

§ 8. That with double quantity of Sulphur I give à ℈j. ad ℈ij. but that with equal quantities à ℈j. ad ʒss. and according as the Patient is strong, and able to bear Medicines: The Doses of each may yet be encreased to ℈ss. more, but this is to be li∣mitted and directed accor∣ding to the Prudence of the Physician.

§ 9. Besides the killing of Worms in Children, and el∣der persons also, it is an ex∣cellent Remedy against the French Disease, and all its Attendants, cures Pocky Scabs, Ulcers, Impetigo, Serpigo, and other defedations of the Skin, proceeding from a Pocky Venom: It is also good against Nodes, Gums, Tophs, Nocturnal Pains, and the like; for being taken in∣wardly, (constantly for some time) in some proper Con∣serve or Bolus, it gives relief almost like Opium, and makes that Herd of Symptoms va∣nish, as if it was done by Enchantment. It is excel∣lent against the Scurvy, pre∣vails against the Gout, and all tartarous Diseases through the whole Body, and per∣fectly cures a Rheumatism.

§ 10. Where note, that such as cannot take it in a Bolus, may make it up into a Pill or Pills, with the Pap of an Apple, or a little Cy∣press, or Chio Turpentine, which may be taken as be∣fore directed.

XXII. Antifebrile Concha∣rum; The Antifebritick of Muscle-shells.

Bate.] ℞ Muscle-shells, affuse thereon Vinegar, and macerate them 24 hours, then wash away the external Mucus and dry them, after which re∣duce them into pouder, often sprinkling in, in the time of poudering, a spoonful of Car∣duus-water, by which means the more subtile pouder will be re∣tained, then dry and keep it for use. Dose ʒj. it is a noble Febrifuge, and provokes Sweat powerfully.

Salmon.] § 1. It is an Antisebritick, like those pre∣pared from Pearls, Oi••ter∣shells, Crabs Claws, Crabs-Eyes, and such-like, and may be given in the same manner, and to all the same purposes

which those Preparations are given for.

§ 2. It is a notable fixt Alcali, and ablorbs Acids ad∣mirably, destroying the Root of all such Diseases, which proceed from acid Humors; and therefore since it is belie∣ved that Fevers proceed from Acidities, it is very probable, that assaulting them in their Root, it may so undermine them, as by degrees, and at length, totally to overcome and extirpate them.

§ 3. This Operation, 'tis probable, may be most per∣spicuous in the beginning of Fevers, and while they have been of no long standing, so as that the whole mass of Blood and Humors are not yet infected; but then you must have recourse to stron∣ger Remedies, viz. to vola∣tile Alcalies, and such as by the stability of their Parts, and volatility of their Efflu∣viums, are able to pervade the whole Human Frame, and undo them not only in their Root, but in their very Es∣sence and Existence; of which kind are volatile Spi∣rit of Sal Armoniack, Horns, &c.

XXIII. * Antihecticum Po∣terij; The Antihectick of Poterius.

Bate.] It is made of Re∣gulus of Antimony, of Mars and English Tin, ana. mel∣ting and detonating them with a treble quantity of Sal Nitre, and edulcorating with Water, S. A. Dose gr. vj. ad xx. in the Pox, Dropsie, Scurvy, Consumption.

Salmon.] §. 1. This of equal Proportions of the Re∣gulus of Antimony and Tin, agrees with Maets's first way, where he makes the Detonation and Calcination with but a half part of puri∣fied Nitre.

§ 2. His second way is thus: ℞ Regulus of Antimo∣ny ℥xij. English Tin ℥vj. melt them together, and being cold, reduce them into a fine pou∣der, to the which add an equal weight of pure Sal Nitre, viz. ℥xviij. beat and mingle them well together, and make the de∣tonation in a red-hot Crucible, as you do in making Antimony diaphoretick; when all is well calcin'd, take it out of the Cru∣cible, break it and reduce it to a subtile pouder, affuse thereon warm Rain-water, stirring it up and down with a Pestel, so will the Rain-water grow

white, which leisurely and gen∣tly decant: To the remaining bottom put more fresh Rain-water, proceeding as before, and thus continue so long, till nothing but a thick Gummous Matter or Sordes remain: These white or milky Liquors put all together, which put in a still quiet place, free from dirt or Ashes, so will a very white pouder precipitate to the bot∣tom, the Water swimming above, which has imbibed in it self all the nitrous Salt: This Pouder oftentimes wash even so long, till the Acrimony of the Nitre is wholly taken away, then dry, and keep it for use.

§ 3. This Pouder, says he, Is exhibited in hectick Fe∣vers, and in Dropsies with Rob of Elder-berries; chie∣fly it is used in malign and inveterate Ulcers, and in the Scurvy, which neither by Decoctions (of Guajacum) nor by any other more benigh Gallenical Medicaments, are possible to be cured; in all those cases it is a most power∣ful Medicament.

§ 4. In some it operates by Vomit, if the Stomach be very foul and ob••tructed, for for then possibly it may give a Vomit or two, in others it works by Sweat, in some by Urine, and in some by stool: It is given in the beginning of a Hectick, and in Obstru∣ctions of the Womb; in each Body it operates according to the habit and disposition.

§ 5. Methodus Exhibendi. First begin with four or five grains, and encrease the dose gradually, till it begins to nauseate the Stomach, then diminish that larger dose a little, and proceed in the use of it in that proportion for several days.

§ 6. Modus Ʋtendi. In the French Pox, and in inve∣terate Ulcers, let it be exhi∣bited in Decoction of Guaja∣cum, Sarsaparilla, Sassafras, &c. where it operates by Urine, you will presently see inveterate and malign Ul∣cers, in such Persons, to remit of their violence and malig∣nity, and to submit to Oint∣ments, Balsams, Emplasters, &c. Outwardly, It is suc∣cessfully sprinkled upon Ul∣cers, or mixed with Emp••a∣strum Diasulphuris Ru••andi.

XXIV. * Antimonium Dia∣phoreticum; Diaphoretick or Sweating Antimony.

Bate.] It is made of Anti∣mony p. j. Sal Nitre p. iij. de∣tonating and edulcorating with Water, S. A. Dose ℈j. twice a day for many days, aug∣menting the quantity daily

grada••im, till it comes to ʒj. ••or a Dose, Its use is to pu∣rifie the Blood in Cachexies, Dropsies, the Scurvy, French Pox, &c.

Salmon] § 1. Having poudered and mixt the Ingre∣dients well together, and ha∣ving a Crucible heat red hot in the Coals in a readiness, cast into i•• a spoonful of the mix∣ture, which will presently make a thundering noise; which be∣ing done, cast in another spoon∣ful, and this continue till the whole quantity of your Pouder is done; then make a great fire about it f••r about 2 hours, after which cast the white matter into an earthen Pan▪ almost full of fair Water, where leave it for 12, 14, or 16 hours, that the Nitre may dissolve in the Water, which separate by inclination, and wash the white Pouder which remains in the bottom five or six times with fresh warm Water, and then dry it.

§ 2. This is a Preparati∣on of Antimony, whose Sul∣phurs are fixt by the Nitre, and are thereby hindered from working otherwise than by Sweating.

§ 3. The first separated Li∣quor may be evaporated, and a fixt Nitre will be found at bottom of the Vessel, which is much of the nature and will work much like the Sal Po∣lychrestum. This fixt Nitre unites it self in the operation with the Antimony, making the volatile Parts thereof to ••y away, and thereby hinders the Antimony from being emetick.

§ 4. This Medicament is sudorifick, resi••••s Malignity and Poyson, and therefore is said. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 be good against the Measles, Small Pox, Spotted Fever, Plague, and all other malign Contagions, and pesti∣lential Distempers▪ Dose à gr. 10 ad 30. and by a gra∣dual encrease to ʒj. in some specifick or appropriate Li∣quor.

§ 5. It is ordered to be 5 or 6 times washed, but should the Lotions be never so ma∣nifold, they could never wash away all the Salt which had joyned it self to the Antimo∣ny▪ for each Particle of Anti∣mony is so closely united to as many Particles of fixt Ni∣tre, that they can never be separated therefrom, without recourse to some reductive Salt, which is the reason that this Preparation is said to be not at all vomitive, but on∣ly sudorifick, tho' in my opi∣nion this latter Effect is not very sensibly apparent; but all Authors, affirm it, and so we submit? And possibly

some of its Sulphur may be separated by the heat of the Body, which not being strong enough to be emetick, may have a force by Transpira∣tion, either sensible or insen∣sible, as the Pores of the Body may be more or less open.

§ 6. Some will have this Antim. Diaphoreticum to be a fixt Alcali, like Pearl, Coral▪ calcin'd Hartshorn, Chalk, Crabs-eyes, &c. and so like them, to absorb sharp and acid Humors, which are the Causes of many Diseases: But in this doubtless they are mistaken, for put any Acid upon it, it will never dissolve at all, nor absorb the Acid, though after a long Infusion, but let it remain as strong as ever; which is a demonstra∣tion strong enough, that it is no Alcali.

§ 7. It may be quaeried, why a treble quantity of Nitre being mixt, will not make so great a detonation, as if it was mixt in equal quantities with the Antimony? But this is ea∣fily answered; for that there is too little Sulphur in the Antimony, for such a great proportion of Nitre, and that some parts of the Sulphur of the Antimony remain unactive in the fixt Nitre, which ad∣mits not of flagration, the volarile parts of the Nitre not burning, but according to the proportion of Sulphur with which it is mixt.

§ 8. There is another Pre∣paration of this Medicament in our Pharm. Lond. lib. 3. cap. 8. sect. 57. with double Nitre, and a treble Calcina∣tion, and that either with crude Antimony, or with its Regulus; which see in the place cited.

§ 9. Maets takes first equal parts of crude Antimony and Nitre, and therewith makes a Crocus Metallorum; this Cro∣cus, in fine pouder, he again mixes with an equal quanti∣ty of pure Nitre, and calcines as before, by which repeated calcination, says he, the Sul∣phur and volatile Salts of the Antimony are made to fly, whereby the remaining Calx of the Antimony becomes totally deprived of its Emotick and Cathartick Properties. After the same manner Beguinus makes it also, as he has taught in his Tyrocinium Chymicum, lib. 2. cap. 12.

§ 10. Marggrave takes equal quantities of Antimony and Nitre, and makes the pro∣portion by a treble detonation, adding equal parts of fresh Nitre each time.

§ 11. Le Mort makes it thus. ℞ Crude Antimony p j. pure Nitre p. iij. mix in fine

pouder, and make the detonati∣on as before directed, keep it in the fire for half an hour, but so as it may not flow or melt, then cast it into a Pot almost full of warm Rain-water, so will the Salts upon the Spot be dissol∣ved, which with the superna∣ting Water are to be poured off, and new or fresh Water is to affused, stirring all together, till the Water grows white like Milk, from a good quantity of the pouder swimming in it, which decant, and affuse more Water again, stirring and de∣canting it as before, and re∣peating this Operation so long, as the affused Water will grow white. Put all the decanted Liquors together, which let rest for a while, that the Pouder may settle, which carefully dry, and keep for use.

§ 12. Where note, that Le Mort uses a broad Ear∣then Pot or Pan, rather than a Crucible, which Blasius the Commentator upon Beguinus would have to be large, for the more easie separation of the matter.

§ 13. Secondly, if the Ni∣tre be not pure, the Antimo∣nium Diaphoreticum will be of a yellowish colour.

§ 14. It ought not to be too long detained in the Fire, because the longer it is cal∣cin'd, it is not made the bet∣ter, but the worse, for then the Nitre will degenerate in∣to an alcalious nature, and the Antimony be apt to a fusion, from the fusion and coalition of which, some reguline Par∣ticles will be formed, which will cause a revivification of the emetick Property of the Antimony, which in this Pre∣paration we ought by all means to avoid.

§ 15. The more pure the Mineral of the Antimony is, the purer and whiter will be the Antimonium Diaphoreti∣cum; from whence it is, that that which is made of the Regulus is judged to be better than that which is made of the crude Antimony.

§ 16. Le Feburc takes to pure crude Antimony p. j. most pure Nitre p. ij. mixes them in subtile Pouder, and detonates in a red-hot Crucible, as before directed; by which Operation (says he) the Nitre does forci∣bly carry away and expel the impure Sulphur of the Anti∣mony, and its Mercury is di∣gested, ripened, and forced by the property of the fixt Salt of Nitre, and the action of the Fire: Being thus once calci∣cined, he adds another like quantity of pure Nitre, to what is in the Vessel, that it may flow with the Matter, and per∣fect the coction and fixation of

it, by the penetration and acti∣on of the Spirits of Nitre, which by their subtilty and quickness insinuate themse••ves into the least Atoms of the Antimony, by which it concocts, purifies, and fixes it in a white friable substance; and in this heat he keeps it one or two hours, which past, letting the Crucible cool, and free••ng it from all the filth hanging to it, he puts it into a Pot full of boiling Wa∣ter, which dissolves the whole mass from which he separates the Antimony Diaphoreticum, as is taught at § 11. aforego∣ing, then dries it, and keeps it for use.

§ 17. The decanted clear Water containing the fixed Salt of Nitre, which is im∣pr••gnated with the internal Sulphur of Antimony, and is of a penetrating and igneous nature (but not corrosive) is a truly-fixt and Solar Sulphur, well concocted and digested by the action of the Fire and Nitre. This Wa∣ter, I say, containing a Salt impregnated with such a Sul∣phur, tho' it appears clear, has a weight and solid sub∣stance in it, which with Spi∣rit of Vinegar may be preci∣pitated, (the Water turning white as M••lk, and of a plea∣sing acid s••••••l)

§ 18. This Precipitate, which is called Ceruse of An∣timony also, is a Diaphoretick proceeding from the fixed in∣ternal Sulphur now mentio∣ned, (Dose à gr. iij. ad xx.) whereas the Sulphur Auratum precipitated with the like Spirit of Vinegar, has a very unpleasing smell, because it is nothing else but the exter∣nal, impure, and volatile Sul∣phur, which the Salt had drawn to its self, not being able to force it away, or fix it, the parts in the Nitre and Antimony to make the Crocus Metallorum being equal; whereas in this Preparation there is three parts of Nitre to one of Antimony, which does perfect the maturation and fixation of the remaining crude and indigested Sul∣phur.

§ 19. And it is this Au∣thor's opinion, that whatever must fix a volatile substance ought to be in triple pro∣portion to what is to be fix∣ed; and contrariwise, what is to be volatilized, must in the same proportion be less than that which is to volati∣lize it, and sometimes the proportion is to be quadru∣plicated, as ℥iij. or iiij. of Spirit to volatilize ℥j. of Salt, and ℥iij. or iiij. of Salt to fix ℥j. of Spirit, &c.

§ 20. This Diaphoretick Antimony, faith Le Febure, is said to be fixed only compa∣ratively to other Antimonial Remedies, which are violent∣ly Cathartick or Emetick, this being sudorifick by an irradiation of vertue and effi∣cacy, strengthening the inter∣nal Archaeus, which is the principal director of all the functions of Life, both in Health and Sickness, for which cause its use must be continued, without irruption, for the space of 40 days, since in that time it is able to alter and change the habit of the whole humane frame, for the better.

§ 21. It resists Corruption, rectifies the whole mass of Blood, and is capable to open the most inveterate Obstru∣ctions of the Liver, Spleen, Lungs, Pancreas, Mesentery, and all the other Viscera, provokes the Terms, cures the Greensickness, Dropsie, Hypochondriacal Melancho∣ly, Pox with all its sym∣ptoms, cleanses and heals in∣ward and outward Ulcers, and is singular against all sorts of malign and pestilen∣tial Fevers of what kind so∣ever, as Measles, Small Pox, Spotted Fever, and the very Plague it self, as afore∣said.

§ 22. Rolfincius Art. Chym. lib. 5. sect. 7. cap. 2. agrees in the manner of the Prepa∣ration with Le Mort and others, as also in the triple proportion of the Nitre to the Antimony, but saith, that the decanted clear Water being evaporated, the one half is an egregious Anodyn; and the evaporation being continued to a just degree, it will in a cool Cellar shoot into Crystals which he calls Nitrum Anodynum, but Schroder, Lapis Prunellae Antimonialis. This, says Rol∣fincius, is impregnated with many Atoms of the first Ens of Metals, cools the Blood, and as a Gargle, helps the Inflamation of the Fauces and the Quinsey, prevails against the Pleurisie, expels Urine, gently loosens the Belly, and discusses serous Humors by Sweat, and is given in sub∣stance ad gr. vj.

§ 23. Charras takes equalquan∣tities in fine pouder, which gra∣dually be puts into a red-hot Cru∣cible (in the midst of the Fire∣place of a Wind fornace) fitted with a Cover, into which putting it by spoonfuls; after each spoon∣ful he covers the Crucible at the same time, leaving the Pou∣der to fulminate, and thus con∣tinues the calcination till all the mass is gone, adding after∣wards, by degrees, the two other

parts of the Nitre, stirring it each time with a long Iron Spatula, and keeping a good fire for two or three hours, or till the Antimony and Nitre have lost their fluidity, and are reduced in the Crucible to a white and solid mass, after which he perfects the Prepara∣tion according to the Method of Le Mort, at § 11. aforegoing; yet stops not there, but puts it into a Crucible, and holds it over the fire for two or three hours, after which he burns off from it good S.V. and then keeps it close stopt for use.

§ 24. From what has been said, it appears, that most Authors agree to three parts of Nitre to one of Antimony, only some would have all the Nitre mixt at once with the Antimony, others but two parts at first, others but one part, adding the other one or two parts successively to the Mass. Now 'tis true, the event of all these various Pro∣portions differs not much, provided the triple quantity of Nitre be used; yet Charras thinks it much better to mix but a third part at first, which will make a fulmination vio∣lent enough to raise the gross Sulphur of the Antimony, tho' not able to dissipate the vola∣tile parts, and then to add afterwards by degrees the other two parts of the Nitre, which tho' they cause no more fulmination, yet will consume the rest of the vola∣tile and impure parts of the Antimony, for that the spiri∣tuous and fixt parts of the Nitre have now the liberty to use all their time and force upon the Antimony, to change its emetick and cathartick qualities into diaphoretick, and to fix the essential Pro∣perties of this Mineral.

§ 25. Lemery gives us another Preparation, by which he saves the volatile parts of the Antimony, which sublime from it, and it is thus: Take an unglaz'd earthen Pot (able to resist the Fire) with a hole in the middle of its height, and a stopple to it, set it in a fit and proper Fornace, and fit to it three earthen Pots more, all three open at bottom, and a glass Head to the uppermost Pot, with a Vial or Receiver, luting all the Junctures well, let the Fire transpire through some proper holes in the For∣nace, but be only so strong as to warm the bottom of the lowermost Pot, then give Fire by degrees, heating the said Pot gradatim, till it is red-hot.

§ 26. Then take your mix∣ture made of three parts of Ni∣tre, and one of Antimony, and

cast it into the red-hot Pot, through the hole, by spoonfuls, stopping it again immediately till the detonation is over, after which cast in another spoonful, and thus continue till your whole quantity is spent, then encrease the Fire to the utmost for half an hours time, after which let it go out: When the Vessels are cold, you will find a little Spirit of Nitre in the Receiver, white Flowers in the three upper Pots, and a white Mass in the lowermost, which you must wash, as afore directed at § 1. or § 11. to make your Antimonium Diaphoreticum, which dry and keep for use; which is full as good as any of the former.

§ 27. In all these Opera∣tions it appears, that tho' An∣timmy is naturally black, it becomes altogether white, when it is well rarified; for whatever is seen in this Ope∣ration is a pure-white (if the Nitre he pure) as well the volatile as the fixt; which shews, that Colours have on∣ly an accidental, not an essen∣tial Being.

§ 28. In this last Prepara∣tion the Sulphurous or vola∣tile parts of the Antimony, which stick to the sides of the Pots in Flowers, tho' unwasht, will not be so emetick as other Flowers of Antimony, because the Acid of the Nitre, which arises with them, hin∣ders their activity.

§ 29. In the Receiver an Acid Spirit will be found which is only Spirit of Nitre, and is of good use in the Co∣lick, being given à gut. iv. ad. viij. in Broth, or some other fit Vehicle.

§ 30. In this Operation you have of Antimony Dia∣phoretick ℥v. after it is well wash'd and dried; of fixed Nitre ℥x. after it is crystali∣zed; Spirit of Nitre ℥ss. and Flowers of Antimony wash'd and dried ʒij. out of a mix∣ture of five ounces of Anti∣mony, and 15 ounces of Ni∣tre; but this crystalliz'd Ni∣tre will not be above half fixt, for being thrown upon Coals, it will flame. By this it appears there is lost in this Operation ℥iv. and better of the whole, which may come from what it loses by the hole of the Pot through which it is cast in the detonation; for stop it as well as you can, much fume will come forth that way; which the Artist ought to beware of, lest it hurt him.

§ 31. Tho' the volatile parts of the Antimony arise with the volatile parts of the Nitre, in the detonation, yet the Antimony Diaphoretick

will weigh as much as the Crude Antimony, because that in place of the volatile parts of the Antimony, as many fixt parts of the Nitre do insepa∣rably joyn themselves with the remainder, whereby it becomes fixt, and is hindered from being emetick.

§ 32. An Antimony Dia∣phoretick made with a Sulphur of Antimony, which will burn like common Sulphur. ℞ Crude Antimony in fine pouder ℥viij. Aqua Regis ℥xxiv. mix them in a Glass Body (within a Chimney) so will there be a strong ebulition with red fumes (which are to be avoided) and the Antimony will dissolve; being dissolved, affuse thereon a great deal of Water, so the Aqua Regis being weakened, the whole will become milky or white, and a Precipitate in a white Pouder will fall to the bot∣tom; upon the top of the Water a grey scum will swim, which gather and dry in the shade: This is inflamable Sulphur of An∣timony, and burns like common Sulphur, having the same ver∣tues and effects, and therefrom a Spirit of Sulphur may be drawn: Decant the water from the Precipitate, and wash the Precipitate divers times, till it is sweet, then dry it, and you have Antimony Diaphore∣tick, of the same vertues and use with the former, and by some preferred before all the other Preparations.

XXV. Antimonium Diapho∣reticum fixum; Fixed Sweating Antimony.

Bate.] ℞ Antimony and Nitre, A. make the detonation, wash and dry; with this Pou∣der mix again an equal quan∣tity of Nitre, calcine again, wash and dry; lastly, mix again with that Pouder an equal quantity of Nitre, make the detonation or calcination, put this into boiling Water, filter and precipitate with Spi∣rit of Vinegar, then sweeten by washing it, and dry it. It has the same vertues with the for∣mer, and to be used in the same dose.

Salmon.] § 1. This differs little or nothing from Le Fe∣bure's Precipitate at § 17. of the former Section, it being properly a Diaphoretick made of the internal Sulphur of the Antimony.

§ 2. Modus Ʋtendi. ℞ Of this Precipitate ℈j. ad ʒss. Syrup of Clovegilliflowers or Citron-peels ℥ss. Aquae Ceraso∣rum nigr. ℥iss, mix for a dose, to sweat upon, in the Measles, Small-Pox, Spotted Fever, Calenture Plague, or any ma∣lign or pestilential Distemper.

XXVI. Antimonium Medi∣camentosum; Medicinal Antimony.

Bate.] ℞ Antimony in pouder p. v. Common Salt p. iv. Nitre, Tartar, p. j. mix, melt into a Regulus, and edul∣corate. It differs little from the former in vertue.

Salmon.] § 1. Hartman in his Chymical Disputations has something like this, and it is thus made: ℞ Antimony, Common Salt, Sal Nitre, Ana. pouder them asunder, and put them into a Vessel well luted, with a hole left at the top, and set them in a Wind-fornace, blow with Bellows till all melt, and till it ceases to smoke, then for a quarter of an hour en∣crease the fire, after which take it off▪ and you shall have Anti∣mony like Cinnaber-glass at the bottom separated from the Salts like a Regulus from the Scales, and easie to be broken with a Hammer.

§ 2. This of Hartman purges most downward, and is good against Epilepsies, Pleurisies, Obstructions and Foulness of the Stomach, Me∣lancholy, Fevers, Plague, con∣gealation of the Blood, and Gout.

§ 3. But let Hartman say what he will, my Experience has told me, that it will some∣times vomit, especially if the Stomach be obstructed and foul.

§ 4. The Dose is from gr. iij. ad x. but it will be prudent to encrease the dose gradually, till you see what the strength of the Patient will bear: It may be given in Clysters à ℈j. ad ʒj. boil it in proper Water or Wine, strain, and add emollient Herbs, to be given against a Collick.

§ 5. This of our Author's is said to be sudorifick, and to agree in nature and vertue with Antimonium Diaphoreti∣cum; but this I can assure you also upon Experience, that it has the vertue of the Regulus with it; and though in some strong Constitutions it may provoke sweating, yet in weaker it gives both Vo∣mits and Stools, and therefore the Dose is with Art and Caution to be proportion'd: Begin with gr. v. or vj. and so encrease it gradually, as you see the Body of the Sick is able to bear it.

§ 6. Lastly, this of our Author's is of that nature, that having freed the Stomach and Body from the peccant matter, it will not then ope∣rate at all, whatever the Ope∣ration of it was before, which

single Property is enough to commend it to the considera∣tion and use of all the lovers of Art.

XXVII. Antimonium Resu∣scitatum; Antimony revi∣ved.

Bate.] Sublime Antimony, and Sal Armoniack, of each equal parts, with a triple coho∣bation; digest the Sublimate with Spirit of Vinegar, exhale, and sweeten by washing S. A. It is said to be diaphoretick, and gently to provoke Vo∣mit.

Salmon.] § 1. The Lear∣ned and Ingenious Dr. Gideon Harvey is said to be the Au∣thor of this Medicine; and that you may be sure to have the true Recipe, we will give you it from himself, as he has published it in his Discovery of the Venereal Evil, lib. 2. Art. 10. pag. 141. word for word.

§ 2. ℞ A sufficient pro∣portion of Hungarian glistering Antimony, add thereto an ana∣tick quantity of Sal Armoniack, grind them well together in a Mortar, put the mixture into a sublimatory, and sublime it into yellow and red Flowers, these conves into a Bolthead, affuse upon them Acetum di∣stillatum ad eminentiam Pal∣mae Unius, after 7 or 8 days digestion, abstract the Liqu••r by distillation or evaporation, grind the whitish residue, and edulcorate it with warm Wa∣ter, whereby it's ultimately re∣duced to its pristine colour.

§ 3. This having left be∣hind it its ferocity, malignity and venom, results a most gentle Vomitory, Dejectory, and Diaphoretick, accommo∣dated to all Ages, Sexes, and Climes, radically curing all Opilations, Jaundices, Fevers, Dropsies, initial Phthises, Con∣vulsions in Children; But more particularly (says he) we have removed with it se∣veral Agues in Children, Obstructions of Courses in Women, and incipient Con∣sumptions in Men. In short, Crocus Metallorum, or Vitrum Antimonii, are Poysons in comparison to this Prepara∣tion.

§ 4. Than this (says he) in a frontier Pox, no Cure is more admirable: Or, in short, this, if parallelling it with other Cures, is the sole Me∣thod that cures tutò, citò & jucunde.

§ 5. His way of prescri∣bing it is thus: ℞ Anti∣monium Resuscitatum, from gr. iv. ad viij. or x. Mercu∣rius Dulcis à gr. 15 ad 25. fresh Conserve of Roses a suffi∣cient

quantity, mix, and make a Bolus; Capiat cum Regi∣mine. Let this be reiterated thrice, for three days succes∣sively, or intermitting every other day, if the Patient's Strength counterindicates.

§ 6. This he calls The Hermaphrodite Cure of the Venereal Lues, from the Com∣mixture of Heterogeneous Minerals, and Grand from the Regimen or Custodia, the Patient being obliged to confine himself within doors. Its duration is seldom protra∣cted beyond twelve or four∣teen days.

§ 7. His Dyet is required to be thin and dry; his usual Drink Fountain-water boiled with a small quantity of Sas∣safras and Liquorice: After this course is over, the rest of the Cure is to be pursued with this Prescript: ℞ An∣timonium Diaphoreticum à gr. vj. ad x. Oyl of Juniper à gut. ij. ad iv. Syrup of Bawm q. s. mix, and make Pills, N^o. 3 or 5, which let be gilded, or rou∣led in Liquorice-pouder, for one dose, to be taken in the morning, and the Patient well covered for sweating.

§ 8. These are to be con∣tinued four days together, the Patient composing himself to sweat after them; but if he be too much enervated by the Precedents, the first Sweat may be remitted to him: If his Strength can bear another at night, he may propose to himself a securer and shorter cure.

§ 9. The fifth or eighth day, if you compute from the commencement of the Cure, the Patient must breakfast with his purgative Bole, and be re-acquainted with his Antivenereal Pills, for the four next ensuing days, after∣wards let him take his farwel of his Bole, by repeating it once more.

§ 10. Marggrave has an Antimonium Regeneratum, which he makes after this manner: ℞ The Caput Mor∣tuum left in the distillation of the Butter of Antimony, put it into a Glass Retort coated, and distil in an open Fire, so as the Retort may be throughly red fire-hot, and in an hour, or hour and half, the whole Caput Mortuum will be sublimed into the neck of the Retort, leaving in the bottom of the Retort a little crude Antimony, which Chymists call Antimonium Regeneratum. What ascends or sublimes is Cinnaber of Antimony, which being redu∣ced into pouder, may be se∣veral times rectified and sub∣limed by it self, &c.

XXVIII. Aurum Mosaicum; Mosaick Gold.

Bate.] It is made of Jupi∣ter, Mercury, Sal Armoniack and Sulphur, mixed and subli∣med S. A. It is a noble Su∣dorifick. Dose ad gr. x. vel xij.

Salmon.] § 1. Our Au∣thor here gives you the mat∣ter of the Composition, but not the proportions thereof; several men have given them directly, but those proporti∣ons are the best which bring the Preparation nearest to the colour of Gold.

§ 2. In our Doron Medi∣cum, lib. 2. cap. 21. sect. 40. you have these Proportions: ℞ Crude Tin ℥ij. crude Mer∣cury q. s. or ℥j. mix and make an Amalgama; Flowers of Sal Armoniack, Flowers of Sul∣phur, A. ℥j. mix and sublime.

§ 3. But this Proportion is said to be better, and more natural: ℞ Block Tin, crude Mercury, A. ℥j. make an Amal∣gama, then mix therewith Flowers of Sal Armoniack flower of Sulphur, A. ℥j. mix and sublime with a very strong fire.

§ 4. Or thus, from Maets. ℞ Tin ℥j. crude Mercury ℥ij. mix, and make an Amal∣gama, to which add Sulphur and Sal Armoniack, Ana. ℥j. mix, and sublime, as be∣fore.

§ 5. Or thus, from the same Maets: ℞ The Mar∣casite of Gold, crude Mercury, A. ℥j. mix, and amalgamate, to which (being in fine pouder) add Sulphur and Sal Armoni∣ack, A ℥j. then mix and sub∣lime in a coated Glass Cucur∣bit.

§ 6. Or thus, from the same: ℞ The best English Tin ℥j. Mercury purified from its blackness ℥ss. Sulphur in fine pouder, Sal Armoniack. A. ℥ss. make an Amalg. of the two first, which reduce into fine pouder, which mix with the other in pouder, and sublime.

§ 7. In making this Pre∣paration you must first make the Amalgama, which is done by putting the crude Mercury to the melted Tin, and stirring them together, till they are mixed, and the Mercury coa∣gulated, then being well pou∣dered, they are to be mixed with the other Ingredients in fine pouder.

§ 8. Here you see some prepare it with Flowers of Sulphur, and Flowers of Sal Armoniack, others with the crude Sulphur and unsubli∣med Salt, but without doubt the purer the Substances are, the better will the Prepara∣tion

be, and the finer the colour.

§ 9. Some also take a double quantity of Tin to the Mercury; others take them in equal quantities, and say, that such a Proportion gives the most orient and true colour; but my Experience tells me, that the colour ari∣ses in the main from the goodness and purity of the Ingredients, for I have pro∣duced good from both the proportions, and ill-coloured too; so that by choice of the Maner, and many Tryals, you may find out the exact Truth only; and therefore it will be good to make Tryals but in small quanti∣ties first.

sect; 10. It is a good Sudori∣fick, and may be given ad ℈j. in some proper Conserve, Electuary, or Bolus, against Fits of the Mother, Wind, Vapours, and Hypochondri∣ack Disaffections, as also against Diseases from a foul cause, and of a malign na∣ture.

XXIX. Bezoar Animale; Animal. Bezoar.

Bate.] ℞ Harts-horn cal∣••in'd to the highest whiteness, and pouder'd ℥iv. levigate it ••pon a Marble, till it becomes an impalpable pouder, affusing thereon Guttatim, Spirit of Vitriol q. s. or so much as will make it into a Paste, of which make little Balls, which let be forthwith dryed. It is an Ale∣xipharmick, Sudorifick, and Destroyer of Worms; stops the flux of the Whites, quen∣ches Thirst, &c. it is a Medi∣cine for Infants, Second to none.

Salmon.] § 1. It ought to be done with pure rectified Oyl of Vitriol, or rather Sul∣phur, and stirred with an Ivory Spatula, unless you mix them in a Glass Mortar with a Glass Pestel.

§ 2. The burning of Harts-horn is thus: ℞ The Caput Mortuum of the Horn, left after the distillation of the Spirit and Oyl, put it into an open Fire, and leave it there for one or two hours, or till it be∣comes most pure and white, which is the sign of its perfect calcination.

§ 3. This is the thing in∣tended by our Author, but Charras thinks when it is thus calcin'd, it has but all its chief and essential vertues, at least, its volatile Properties; yet in my opinion it has that left which answer the inten∣tion of the Medicine.

§ 4. Le Febure is also for the Philosophick Calcination,

because, says he, by the for∣mer way it is deprived of its Spirit and volatile Salt, whereas by this way its Ver∣tue is preserved; and it is thus done:

§ 5. ℞ Choice Harts-horn saw it in pieces of the length of a Pan about the ends, then put∣ting two sticks cross-ways, to∣wards the top of such a Glass Body as usually serves for distil∣lation of Spirits and Waters, there suspend with a Pack∣thread the cut pieces of the Horn aforementioned, when you are to distil any Cordial-waters, or rather Spirits, which send forth most penetrative and sub∣til Vapours; cover the Glass Body with an Alembick, and give the same degree of Fire, as for the distillation of Aqua Vitae, so shall these Vapours pe∣netrate into the very Center of the Harts-horn, and make it so brittle, as that it may be re∣duced into as fine a Pouder as if calcin'd with open fire.

§ 6. But this Work of Di∣stillation must be prosecuted 4 or 5 days without intermis∣sion or opening the Vessel, for which reason the Glass Vessel must have a hole to∣wards the upper part, placed side-wise, whereby to recruit it with warm Water, propor∣tionably as it diminishes by distillation.

§ 7. But in this Work you must take care that the Li∣quor touches not the suspen∣ded Horns, nor yet come near them by at least half a foot.

§ 8. If it be objected, that the Vapors may carry along with them the most subtile Spirits and volatile Salt, it is answered, That some part of the Spirits may possibly be lost, but the volatile Salt is held in too strong a Prison, to be with so easie a force and heat set at liberty, not be∣ing yet disunited with its oily and earthy Particles.

§ 9. And therefore if this Preparation be used to make this Animal Bezoar with, it will be yet more powerful to the Purposes intended, both to provoke Sweat, and to strengthen, as also to give to Children against the Worms, and hinder all those Corru∣ptions which breed for the most part in their tender Stomachs.

§ 10. It is good also against all manner of malign and pestilential Diseases, the Spot∣ted Fever, Calenture, yea, and the Plague it self; Dose à gr. iv. ad ℈j. in some pro∣per Vehicle, Conserve, Pre∣serve, Electuary, Bolus, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Cordial and Antipestilential Water.

§ 11. There is another Bezoarticum Animale, made of the Flesh of Serpents, or ra∣ther Vipers, the Preparation of which see in our Pharmac. Lond. lib. 2. cap. 5. sect. 23. § 6. which has all the Ver∣tues before mentioned, besides which, it is an Antidote against Poysonings of Mad Dogs, Serpents, or other ve∣nomous Beasts, French Pox, and Leprosie, and a Cure for Consumptions. Dose ad ʒj.

XXX. * Bezoarticum Jo∣viale; The Bezoartick of Tin.

Bate.] ℞ Regulus of An∣timony ℥iij. which melt in a Crucible to which add English block Tin ℥ij. in like manner ••elted, so as thereof to make a ••ew Regulus; this Regulus ••eat into fine Pouder, or levi∣gate, and mix therewith Mer∣••ury sublimate ℥vj. distil by a Retort, so will you have a Butter, which fix with Spirit ••f Nitre by a threefold distilla∣tion, afterwards calcine, and being red-hot, extinguish it in ••. V. and dry it, so will you ••ave a grey pouder. It is a ••upendious Diaphoretick, and ••revails against all Diseases ••f the Womb, and many ••ther Diseases of Women∣••ind: It prevails also against Fevers, Plague, Scurvy, &c. Dose à gr. iij. ad vj.

Salmon.] § 1. This is ex∣actly the same with that in our Pharm. Lond. lib. 3. cap. 7. sect. 13. excepting in the quantity of the Mercury, which there (to the same pro∣portions) is but ℥v.

§ 2. You may, according to Maets, either first melt the Tin in a Crucible, and then presently put in the Regulus of Antimony in fine Pouder, and make them flow together: Or the Regulus being in Pouder, may be put into a red-hot Crucible first, and then the Tin in a lump may be added, which in a mo∣ment will flow with the Re∣gulus, which being poured out into a fusory Cone, or other clean Crucible, you will have the Regulus of Jupiter, in a hard and white Mass, but brittle.

§ 3. Rolfincius, in Art. Chym. lib. 5. sect. 6. cap. 10. makes it thus: ℞ English Tin, Mercury Sublimate, A. lbss. mix, and distil by Retort a Butter or Gummy Liquor, upon which put Spirit of Nitre, q. s. which the Ebulition ceasing, draw off by an Alembick with a trebble distillation; the pou∣der remaining calcine in a Cru∣cible, till it becomes a white Pouder.

§ 4. In this Recipe the Regulus of Antimony is forgot∣ten, which whether it was the Author's or Printer's fault I cannot tell, but possibly it might be the Printer's; how∣ever, without the Regulus of Antimony the Medicine can∣not be made.

§ 5. It is diaphoretick, used chiefly in Diseases of the Womb, and to expel no∣xious and serous Humors there, as also to comfort the part. It is given ad gr. vj. and in some cases to viij. or x. in some proper Water, or Syrup of Mugwort.

§ 6. Tilingius makes it with simple Regulus of Anti∣mony ℥vj. English Tin ℥iv. which he amalgamates, and re∣duces it into a subtil Pouder, and adds thereto of the best Sublimate Mercury ℥x. and then by Retort distils a Butter, which with Spirit of Nitre he fixes by a threefold distillation, then calcines, extinguishes in S. V. and dries.

§ 7. This (he says) is a potent Sudorifick, and a kind of Universal De-obstructor of the Liver, the Dose being but from gr. j. ad ij. but I am confident he has under-dosed it. I have many times given it to gr. vj. vij. or viij. accor∣ding to the disposition of my Patient.

§ 8. Beguinus makes it exactly after the same man∣ner as our Author here pre∣scribes, but differs in the pro∣portion of the corrosive Sub∣limate, which is double to the joynt-quantity of the Re∣gulus and Tin; so that if the Regulus be ℥iij. the Tin ℥ij. the Sublimate is ℥x. &c. And with him agrees Grulingius.

§ 9. Zwelser, Mantiss. Spagyr. par. 1. cap. 5. makes it thus: ℞ Tin finely filed ℥iv. Corrosive Sublimate ℥ij. mix them exactly, put them i•• to a Glass Retort, and distil i•• Sand by degrees of Fire, so will you have a Buttery Substance, like Butter of Antimony, which dissolve in the best Spiritu•• Nitri, q. s. dropping it in Gut∣tatim, till the noise and ebuli∣tion ceases; this done, abstract in an Alembick to dryness, lea∣ving a white Mass, which grind on a Porphory, and put it again into the Glass Cucur∣bit, affusing thereon fresh Spi∣rit of Nitre, and distil again to dryness, encreasing the Fire at length to the highest degree, that the bottom of the Vessel may be red-hot; lastly, take the Mass at bottom, grind it a aforesaid, edulcorate by washing with Water, and calcine it i•• a Crucible for an hour or t•••••• with a red-hot heat, and keepi•••• for use.

§ 10. It is a Specifick in Hysterick Fits, or Suffoca∣tion of the Womb, and cures burning Feavers by Swea∣ting. Dose gr. vj. ad x. & xij. in some proper Li∣quor.

§ 11. We shall give you Charras's way of making it, and so conclude this Section. ℞ Regulus of Antimony ℥iij. Pure Tin ℥ij. melt them in a Crucible, and cast them in an Iron Cone greased within, beat this into fine Pouder, and mix it with double its weight of corrosive Sublimate; put all into a Glass Retort coated, and draw off as well the Butter as the Mercury, and precipitate with fair Water, which Preci∣pitate wash and edulcorate, after which you may, if you please, keep some part of the Pouder for use, to purge gen∣tly upwards and downwards in Hysterick Diseases, giving it from gr. ij. ad v. in some proper Conserve or Confe∣ction.

§ 12. But to compleat the Bezoartick of Jupiter, weigh the remaining pouder, put it into a small Glass Cucurbit, and affuse thereon best Spirit of Nitre, three times its weight, and in a Sand-heat, over a moderate fire, evaporate the Spirit of Nitre to dryness, which pouder edulcorate by many washings, dry it, and keep it in a Glass well stopt for use.

§ 13. This Jovial Bezoar∣tick is one of the best Prepa∣rations that can be made of Tin, for it is not only a Spe∣cifick against all Diseases of the Womb, but a famous Su∣dorifick in all malignant, pe∣stilential, and venereal Di∣stempers, where the maligni∣ty is to be cast out by Sweat. Dose à gr. vj. ad ℈j.

XXXI. Bezoarticum Lunare' The Lunar Bezoar, or Sil∣ver Bezoartick.

Bate.] It is made of Luna dissolved in Spirit of Nitre and Butter of Antimony proceeding as above with the Jovial Be∣zoar. It is a Specifick in the Epilepsie, Convulsions, Me∣grim, Apoplexia, &c. it is anodyn and sudorifick, and prevails admirably in the cure of an Erysipelas. Dose à gr. vj. ad xij.

Salmon.] § 1. Zwelfer, Mantis. Spagyr. par. 1. cap. 2. makes it thus. ℞ Fine Sil∣ver, or in Leaves, ℥j. Spirit of Nitre q. s. mix and dissolve. Again, ℞ Butter of Antimo∣ny rectified from its Cinnaber, ℥ij. or iij. Spirit of Nitre q. s. mix and dissolve, putting on the Sp. Nitri on the Butter gutatim, so long till all the

effervescence and noise ceases, which is the sign of a perfect dissolution; these two solutions joyn together, and abstract by distilling in a Glass Cucurbit, in a sand-heat, to a dryness, so will you have a greenish white mass: To this Residence put again fresh Spirit of Nitre, and abstract, repeating this three or four times, at the last time augment the fire to the highest degree, that all the corrosive Spirits may be forced away, then beating the mass into a subtile pouder, wash and edulcorate with fair warm Water, till it is perfectly freed from the Acri∣mony of the Spirits of Nitre, after which put it into a Cru∣cible in a naked fire, calcine it for two hours, and keep it for use. Where note, that every time after the abstraction of the Sp. Nitri, you are to grind it on a Porphyry, before the affusion of new or fresh Spi∣rit.

§ 2. This (says he) prevails against all Lunar Diseases, viz. Diseases of the Head and Brain, and the Epilepsie, Apo∣plexy, Palsie, Melancholy and Madness: It is also a most powerful Alexipharmick, or Resister of Poyson. Dose ℈j ad ʒss.

§ 3. In our Pharm. Lond. lib. 3. cap. 7. sect. 18. we have given you several other ways of making this Lunar Bezoartick, which are taken from Schroder, and therefore shall not be here again repeated. But here is to be noted, that in the third of those ways, Hofman, in∣stead of that Sky-colour'd Tincture there mentioned, takes the Magistery of Silver, which with the Butter of An∣timony he dissolves apart, not in AF. as Schroder prescribes, but in Spirit of Nitre, then joyns the solutions, and perfects the Medicine according to the Prescript. Now here is to be noted, that this Magistery may be made from the Tin∣ctura Lunae, by the affusion of Oleum Tartari per deliquium, &c.

§ 4. Grulingius Florileg. par. 8. cap. 3. makes it thus. ℞ Luna, dissolve it in Spirit of Nitre, so as the weight there∣of may be well augmented, and reduce it by digestion into a viscid Water, to one part of which put ten parts of the Gummy Liquor (i. e. Butter of Antimony) well rectified and liquified, and upon this mixture the Spirit of Nitre; which ab∣stract from it two or three times, giving towards the end agreat fire; after which cal∣cine it in a Crucible for an hour and a half, then pouder it finely, and burn from it S.V.

§ 5. Rolfincius, Art. Chym lib. 5. sect. 6. cap. 8. prepares it as Zwelfer aforesaid, in all respects, excepting the triple affusion and abstraction of the Sp. Nitri, but after all, dislikes it; first, because of the ingrateful Vitriolick taste, from which it cannot be freed, causing nauseating and vomiting: Secondly, because of its colour, appearing black∣ish in superficie, (though in∣wardly in it self white) which is not to be mended. Therefore he prefers it to be made of the Magistery of Luna (of which opinion Hofman is, as aforementioned) perfectly freed from its corrosive Salts.

§ 6. This Magistery he thus makes: ℞ Leaf-silver ℥j. AF. ℥iij. mix and dissolve, precipitate with Oleum Tar∣tari per deliquium, affused gutatim, in a large quantity, that all the corrosive Salts may be absorbed and the Water may come forth sweet; the pouder edulcorate with many affusions and lotions of warm Water.

§ 7. Tilingius. Prod. Chym. Class. 3. Tit. 2. has it word for word from Zwelfer, but without so much as naming his Author. From all these Descriptions the proportions of the Ingredients, and the method of preparing it, is manifest; but that without doubt is best, which makes the Dissolution the most per∣fect, and frees the Bezoartick the most absolutely from the Salts

§ 8. As to its Vertues, Zwelfer has been large and plain, and 'tis doubtless a fa∣mous Cephalick. I cured a Gentlewoman of a vehement Headach with it, after a vast number of Medicines had been before tryed in vain and when the hope of Life was past. And another I cured of an Epilepsie with it, by taking about sixty Doses thereof, in a continued course.

XXXII. Bezoarticum Mar∣tiale; The Martial Be∣zoartick.

Bate.] It is made of the Crocus of Mars with the Butter of Antimony dissolved and then fixing of it, as in the former. Or, it is made by dissolving Mars ℥j. in A. R. q. s. affusing by little and little, Butter of Antimony ℥viij. and then pro∣ceeding with Spirit of Nitre. It powerfully stops the hepa∣tick Flux, and all other Flu∣xes, strengthens the Bowels, &c. Dose ad ℈ss.

Salmon.] § 1. This we have taught you the way of preparing more fully, in our Pharm. Lond. lib. 3. cap. 7.

sect. 24. from Schroder. This saith Hofman, Tho' it is not to be despised, yet the best Bezoartick is made from the Regulus of Mars, reduced into Butter, with corrosive Subli∣mate, and then fixed with Spirit of Nitre.

§ 2. It is profitable in Fe∣vers, accompanied with a Diarrhoea, or Flux of the Bowels; also is an Epide∣mick Dysenteria; for by reason of the Mars, it has the power of astringing or binding, and by vertue of the Nitre it is cooling and ano∣dyn.

§ 3. Grulingius Florileg. par. 8. cap. 3. Takes Regulus of Mars infine pouder ℥j. Mer∣cury Metorisatede, i. e. Corro∣sive Sublimate ℥ij. mixes and distils by Retort, and so obtains a Gummy Liquor, or Butter, which he fixes with Spirit of Nitre, as in the making of Be∣zoar Mineral. This agrees exactly with Beguinus. It is principally good in all Fluxes of the Liver.

§ 4. Rolfincius, Art. Chym. lib. 5. sect. 6. cap. 9. makes it of the Antimonial Regulus of Mars, and corrosive Sublimate, of each equal parts, from which by Retort he draws a Butter, not urging the fire very much, lost the Mercury should follow; then he dissolves, precipitates, and fixes with Spirit of Nitre, and distils the same by an A∣lembick, with a threefold co∣hobation; the matter at bot∣tom reduces by calcination in a clean Crucible, into a subrubid or Liver-colour'd soft Calx.

§ 5. This made of rhe Re∣gulus is a more noble Bezoar∣dick than the other kind, in all hypochondriack Disaffe∣ctions Diseases of the Bowels, and Faults of the first Con∣coction; it incides, attenu∣ates, opens, and discusses vi∣tious Humors, per 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, or by Sweating: Dose à gr. iij. ad vj. or x. in any speci∣fick Vehicle, or antihypochon∣driack Wine or Decoction.

XXXIII, * Bezoarticum Mi∣nerale; The Mineral Be∣zoar.

Bate. It is made of the Butter of Antimony lbj. and Spirit of Nitre lbiij. vel q. s ('tis Spirit of Salt in the La∣tin Copy, I suppose that is a Mistake) mixt and distilled by a treble cohobation, as in the Jovial Bezoar. Or it may be prepared from the Caput Mor∣tuum of the Bezoardick Spirit of Nitre. It is a great Alexi∣terick, or Resister of Poyson. and a most saluberrious Re∣medy, which Effects it de∣monstrates by powerfully

provoking Sweat in all pesti∣lential, and venene or malign Disaffections. Dose à gr. vj. ad xij. and more.

Salmon.] § 1. The Col∣leges way and method of preparing this Medicine, with several Notes and Animad∣versions thereon, you may see in our Pharm. Lond. lib, 3. cap. 7. sect. 11. to which we refer you: What other Au∣thors say upon the matter, we now come to examine.

§ 2. Rolfincius, lib. 5. sect. 6. cap. 6. Art. Chym. makes it of the Butter of An∣timony, with Spirit of Nitre, a sufficient quantity, (but not limiting the proportion) which he distills Guttatim, till the Ebulition ceases, then distils by an Alembick with a treble cohobation, then calcines it for 6 hours in a Crucible, till it be∣comes a Chalk like pouder, and sometimes of a subincarnate co∣lour.

§ 3. What the Bezoardick Spirit of Nitre is, you shall have from Marggrave, viz. That it is that Spirit with which the Bezoar Mineral was prepared, or which was thrice abstracted from it: Hic dici∣tur Bezoardicus, non quòd vim Bezoardicam contineat, sed quia à Bezoardico minerali aliquoties abstractus est.

§ 4. Le Mort makes it thus: ℞ Butter of Antimo∣ny q. v. put upon it Spirit of Nitre q. s. till the noise or ef∣fervescence ceases; this mix∣ture evaporate, or abstract by Retort to dryness, then put into a Crucible, and calcine it, first with a gentle fire, till the pouder appears of a Citrine co∣lour, after augment the fire, till the Crucible and that within it is red-hot, then let it cool, and keep the white pouder for use.

§ 5. The effervescency is caused from the occurse of the greater and lesser Acid, viz. from the concentrated Spirit of Salt, and common Spirit of Nitre, concurring with the Antimonial Parti∣cles, which the Spirits of Vi∣triol and Salt were neither strong enough, nor in quanti∣ty enough to make an entire Solution of, but only gnawed them into smaller bits, with a light adhesion; but those Spirits of Vitriol and Salt be∣ing once concentrated with the Spirit of Nitre, they act with much more force, divi∣ding every Particle, and ren∣dering them almost imperce∣ptible, and uncapable of re∣ceiving a more perfect disso∣lution.

§ 6. Now, by reason of the great effervescency the Sp. Nitri ought to be put in Guttatim, for fear the matter should rise or swell above the Vessel; and this effervescen∣cy proceeds in part from the resistance which the points of the Sp. Nitri meet with, en∣tering into the narrow Pores of the Antimonial Particles, in order to their dissolution, for as soon as that is performed, the ebulition and noise cea∣ses.

§ 7. How the Butter of Antimony (which was a vehe∣ment Caustick, from the acid Spirits with which it was fill'd) should by means of another acid Corrosive, (such as is Spirit of Nitre) suffer such an exceeding change, and become one of the swee∣test and mildest Medicines that is; or how Spirit of Ni∣tre should be able to sweeten such a corrosive matter, is difficult to conceive.

§ 8. This Doubt receives a twofold Solution; first, that as Acids and Alcalies are Op∣posites, and destroy one ano∣ther, so also in the Acid king∣dom there are opposite Acids, which have like effects, by mixing one with another, the points of the one entering in∣to the sheaths of the other. Secondly, That as the first Acids did but adhere super∣ficially to the Antimony in its Butter, and adapted to the motion of the Antimonial Particles, which served them as a Vehicle, to display their points, so being dissolved by the Spirit of Nitre, they joint∣ly fix the Antimony, and de∣stroy its motive quality, and sheath themselves in the sul∣phurous parts thereof, where∣by they lose all their corrosi∣on.

§ 9. The abstracted Li∣quor called Bezoardick Spirit of Nitre, (ut suprà) is nothing else but an Aqua Regia from the conjunction of the Spirit of Common Salt with the Nitrous Spirit; for which reason it dissolves Gold, and will do all other things which Aq. Regis can. In abstracting this Li∣quor, much of the Sulphurs which were in the Butter of Antimony are lost.

§ 10. I know Authors re∣quire a reiteration of the Spi∣rit of Nitre, but this says Le Mort (Chymic. Medico physica, pag. 238.) is needless, for that the fluid Salts require no more thereof to make them let go their Pouder, and then by consequence this Work has no more need of Correction.

§ 11. This same Le Mort in the place cited, has another Bezoardicum Minerale, made without Sublimate, after this manner: ℞ Regulus of Anti∣mony in pouder ℥j. Spirit of Salt prepared with Oyl of Vi∣triol ℥iij. mix them as before; digest them in a Sand for two days, till the Regulus is dissol∣ved; decant the clear Liquor, (which will be as limpid as it was before the affusion) and evaporate the one half of it a∣way by a gentle fire, then affuse Guttatim Spirit of Nitre, and proceed as before, &c.

§ 12. Or thus, from the same Le Mort. ℞ Regulus of Antimony freed from its Scoria ℥j. Aq. Regia ℥iij. mix them together, and digest them for two days, till all the Regu∣lus is brought to a very white pouder, upon this put a great quantity of fair Water, so will the white pouder precipitate, which edulcorate by many washings. Both this and the last are egregious Sudorificks, and Bezoardicks, curing all Diseases that are to be cured by Sweat, and in particular they resist Plague and Poyson. Dose à gr. iv. ad xij.

§ 13. Lemery makes it thus: ℞ Butter of Antimo∣ny ℥ij. put it into a Bolthead and melt it, put to it guttatim Spirit of Nitre, so much till the Butter is perfectly dissolved, which will be about the weight of the Butter) in the dissolution fumes will arise, which to avoid place the Vessel in a Chimney; decant the Solution into ano∣ther Glass Body or Earthen Dish, and evaporate in a gentle sand-heat to dryness; the white mass being cooled, affuse there∣on fresh Spirit of Nitre ℥ij. and evaporate in Sand as be∣fore to dryness; again affuse fresh Spirit of Nitre ℥ij. and evaporate again, and encrea∣sing the fire a little, calcine the matter for half an hours time, then take it from the fire, so will you have a white pouder, (which is Bezoar Minerale) this keep in a Vial close stopt. Dose à gr. vj. ad ℈j.

§ 14. This Preparation is only an Antimony fix'd by Spirit of Nitre, and render'd sudorifick; or so many Transformations of the Regu∣lus, made by acid Spirits, or by Fire; so that by fusion, or by means of some reductive Salt, they may be recovered into a Regulus again, by de∣stroying those Salts which kept them under this form.

§ 15. Zwelfer, Mantiss. Spagyr. par. 2. cap. 8. p. 837. makes it in all respects as Le∣mery, but orders the dryed mass to be ground each time upon a Porphyry, into a sub∣tile

pouder, before the affu∣sion of fresh Spirit of Nitre, and then calcines it (after the third affusion of Spirit) for an hour or two, and so keeps it without any other Prepara∣tion.

§ 16. Charras makes it of Mercurius Vitae, after this manner: ℞ Mercurius Vitae ℥j. Spirit of Nitre ℥iij. put them into a small Glass Cucur∣bit, on a sand-heat, which stir with a wooden Spatula steeped well in the Spirit; evaporate all the humidity to dryness, then wash and perfectly dulcifie it, keeping the white pouder in a Glass Bottle well stopt.

§ 17. This Bezoar, says he, is given to good purpose in all Diseases where the Be∣zoar-stone is used: It streng∣thens very much all the no∣ble parts, and defends them against Malignity and Poison. It purifies the mass of Blood, and drives from thence, as well as out of the whole ha∣bit of the Body, all those sharp Serosities which offend Nature, and are to be expel∣led through the Pores of the Body, driving them forth ei∣ther by Sweat or insensible Transpiration.

§ 18. For which reason it is very highly commended against all Diseases proceed∣ing from corruption or de∣pravation of the Blood and Juices, chiefly the Scurvy, Cachexia Small Pox, Measles, Plague, Spotted Fever, and all sorts of malign and pesti∣lential Distempers.

§ 19. By reason of the weight thereof it is seldom given in Liquors, because it is apt to descend, unless in some thick Syrup, but for the most part in a Bolus or other proper Electuary or Con∣serve, à gr. viij. ad xx. or xxx.. It is also sometimes mixed with Catharticks and Aperitives, to fortifie the noble parts during their ope∣ration.

§ 20. Le Mort prepares it also at once, by affusing a triple quantity of Spirit of Nitre at first, then evapora∣ting and calcining as before taught; affirming (as afore∣said) that there is no need of a triple affusion or repetition of the Spirit of Nitre, as most Authors require, because, says he, all the Bodies are satura∣ted with the Acid, so as they can no more be changed or altered.

§ 21. He also prepares it from Flowers of Antimony, dissolving them with Aqua Regis, as before with the Re∣gulus, at § 11 & 12 aforego∣ing, and calcining, &c.

§ 22. Marggrave makes it exactly after Zwelfer's me∣thod, with a double or treble cohobation, and gives it à gr. v. ad xv. vel xx after this manner, ℞ Bezoar Mine∣ral, Saffron, A. gr. viij. Salts of Wormwood and Carduus, A. gr. xij. Crabs-Eyes and Coral prepared, A. gr. v. Laudanum Opiatum gr. iss. Confectio de Hyacintho, or Diascordium, q. s. mix, and make a Bolus.

§ 23. Le Febure puts the Antimonial Butter into a large Matrass, affusing guttatim its equal weight of good Spirit of Nitre; the Liquor being defe∣cated and clear, he decants it into a Cucurbit in a sand-heat, and evaporates to dryness, repeating twice again the same quantity of Spirit of Nitre, evaporating it the third time, till the mass becomes fair, white, dry, brittle and insipid, which is the Bezoar Mineral.

§ 24. In this (says he) should there remain yet any pleasant sharpness, can be no prejudice, wherefore it will be needless to urge the Fire higher, but contrariwise to take off the Vessel, and let the matter cool, and taking the Pouder at bottom, to keep it in a Glass close stopt for use.

§ 25. The Epithite Mine∣rale is added, to difference it from the Stone Bezoar and the Animal, for that the ver∣tues of those is not only at∣tributed to it, but it every way exceeds them in vertue and goodness, possessing ma∣ny other essential Properties. that they have not, by rea∣son of the Solar Sulphur that is in it, the efficacy whereof is not to be exhausted.

§ 26. For this rare Medi∣cine does potently expel by Sweat and Urine, but chiefly by insensible Transpiration, all the hurtful and poysonous Humors lurking in the Bo∣dies both of healthy and un∣healthy persons, especially in all those malign and pesti∣lential Diseases where Swea∣ting is absolutely necessary.

§ 27. And this I can affirm from a Thirty years conti∣nued Experience, That who∣soever makes use of it in all the afore-named cases, shall never find himself deceiv'd, nor disappointed of the help (sooner or later) which he expected: I, who have for so many years tryed, can tell more especially where ma∣lignant Serosities have aboun∣ded, as in the Scurvy, Ca∣chexies, Scabs, Itch, French Pox, &c.

§ 28. Who constantly uses it, ought also to have a Dyet of Veal and Chicken-Broth,

with Scorzonea and Sarsaparil∣la in it, and to keep their Bo∣dies soluble, by adding every third day to the Broths ℈j. or ʒss. of Salt of Tartar of Sen∣nertus, or otherwise with proper Clysters.

§ 29. And as this Remedy is in kind universal, so it may be specificated and appro∣priated to some particular parts, by adding any of the Metals, as Sol, Luna, Venus Jupiter, the eighth part of any of which may be added to the Regulus of Antimony, with three times as much corrosive Sublimate, and then distilled into a Butter, to be fixt with Spirit of Nitre, as before dire∣cted, in making the simple Be∣zoar Minerale.

§ 30. Moebius makes it of Mercurius Vitae, as Charras does, afore-declared. Hof∣man exactly follows Zwelfer, with a gentle calcination at last for an hour. Beguinus is exactly the same with Le∣mery, save that in the second and third affusions of Spirit of Nitre, he uses but half the first quantity of the Spirit.

§ 31. From all that has been said, it appears with Le Mort, that a single affusion of Spirit of Nitre is sufficient, because what is after added is nugatory and void, as ha∣ving no operation: Of which Opinion also is Blasius, the Commentator upon Beguinus; and also with Le Febure, that a simple drying of the Calx, without calcination or wash∣ing, suffices to bring the Me∣dicine to the perfection desi∣red, and indeed leaves it more efficacious than it would be otherwise with it.

§ 32. Hic notandum quod Bezoarticum hoc minerale lon∣ge antecellat Bezoar Animalis, sicut id expresse fatetur Dn. Crato in Epistola medicinali dum inquit; Lapis Bezoar Animalis in febribus pestilen∣tialibus nobis nihil profuit, quod sane de hoc minimè pronuncian∣dum.

XXXIV. Bezoarticum Mer∣curiale; Mercurial Be∣zoar.

Bate.] It is made by draw∣ing forth the Tincture from the Glass of Mercurius Vitae with Butter of Antimony, and fixing it with Spirit of Nitre, S. A. It is of admirable use in the French Pox.

Salmon.] § 1. That is, says Schroder, it is to be made as that of Lead, of the Glass of Mercurius Vitae, and Butter of Antimony: This Hofman will not have to participate of Mercury really, but to be of an Antimonial nature; but

let Hofman say what he will; of this, we are sure that it participates of a Mercurial Property, for it is the nature of that Mineral to display its Beams where-ever its Body has once been, and to leave its Character behind it.

§ 2. This Preparation is taken from Crollius's Basilica Chymica: A red Tincture (says he) is drawn from Glass of Mercurius Vitae, with recti∣fied Butter of Antimony, which by Spirit of Nitre is fixed, and becomes an excellent Be∣zoardick, not inferiour in ver∣tue to any other Bezoar.

§ 3. If you joyn Mercu∣rius Vitae with Butter of An∣timony, and afterwards fix it with Spirit of Nitre, what, I pray you, will be the effects thereof? Is not the excee∣ding purging Property of the same Butter corrected, so that it may be given in a greater Dose? Diligently consider.

§ 4. By this means it is manifest, Bezoardicks, or Dia∣phoreticks may be made with all Metals, in which the vir∣tuous parts of those Metals, conjoyn'd with Butter of An∣timony, by the noble menstru∣um of fixed Nitre, are con∣verted to excellent Medi∣cines.

§ 5. Likewise many other things may, with these in the former manner be described and prepared, which perhaps were not thought of by the former Age.

§ 6. This Medicament is a famous Sudorifick in the Lues Venerea, and ought to be given at night going to Bed, in some proper sudori∣fick Vehicle, the Patient being immediately after it well co∣vered in order to sweat upon it.

§ 7. The Dose is à gr. vj. ad ℈j. after this manner: ℞ Black-cherry-water ℥iiss. Mixtura Simplex ʒij. Syrup of Citron-peels ℥ss. Bezoarticum Mercuriale à g. vj. ad ℈j. mix for a Dose.

XXXV. Bezoarticum Satur∣ni; Saturnine Bezoar.

Bate.] It is made by ex∣tracting the Tincture from Glass of Saturn (which is made of Minium or Red Lead mel∣ted with Flints) with Butter of Antimony not rectified, and fixing with spirit of Nitre, S.A. It is an Hysterick, and con∣duces to curing disaffections of the Spleen. Dose ad gr. vj.

Salmon.] § 1. The Re∣cipe is from Crollius, from whom Schroder has borrowed it, but Hofman not liking it, prepares it after this man∣ner.

§ 2. ℞ The Mineral of Saturn, Corrosive sublimate, Ana. mix, and distil by Re∣tort a saturnine Butter, and a Cinnaber of Saturn, from which with fixt spirit of Nitre, make a saturnine Bezoardick, accor∣ding to the methods before de∣livered.

§ 3. This (says he) is of mighty power against the Plague, Pleurisie, Scurvy, Scabbiness, and Hypochon∣driack Melancholy; and I know by experience it is of great use in curing all Disea∣ses which are to be cured by Sweat, or proceed from Cor∣ruption or Putrefaction.

§ 4. This Butter of Saturn being put upon Saccharum Sa∣turni, and digested, you may therefrom easily distil by Retort, a subrubid sweet liquor, excel∣lent for the cure of all sorts of sordid, foetid, and cacoë∣thick Ulcers, being outward∣ly applied: And from the same a Mercurius Vitae may be made, excellent against Saturnine Diseases.

XXXVI. * Bezoarticum So∣lare; Solar or Golden Be∣zoar.

Bate.] It is made of Leaf Gold dissolved in Bezoartick spirit of Nitre, then affusing this solution by little and little upon Butter of Antimony, and proceeding as above. It is an egregious Sudorifick, of use against the French Pox, Plague, Gout, Dropsie, Fevers, Obstructions of the Spleen, &c. Dose à gr. iij. ad viij.

Salmon.] § 1. We will more particularly explain it from Crollius. Dissolve Gold in A. R. (made of Nitre and Sal Armoniack) from the so∣lution by Retort often distil the same Water, and then pour on fresh, until by Retort the Gold comes forth most red, which afterwards precipitate to the bottom with vulgar Mercury (well purified from its foeculen∣cy, for otherwise the noxious feces of the Mercury will re∣main with the Gold) then the Precipitate being delivered from the Mercury by calcina∣tion, comes forth of a purple colour. This Pouder dissolve again in A. R. and to the so∣lution joyn Butter of Antimony in a tenfold proportion with the same A. R. by Retort draw off the Menstruum, often repeating the Distillations, then by calci∣nation reduce it to a reddish pouder, which if the calcina∣tion be strong, will be of a pur∣ple colour.

§ 2. In our Pharm. Lond. lib. 3. cap. 7. sect. 15, 16. we have shewn you several other ways of preparing it from

••entzelius, Crollius, Schroder, ••nd Hartman, as also a Com∣••ound Solar Bezoar of our own ••efignation, the Vertues, Uses and Doses of which ••ou may see at large in the ••lace cited.

§3. But Schroder has ano∣••her way of preparing the ••olar Bezoar, after this man∣••er: ℞ Butter of Antimony ••ss. Cinnabar of Antimony ʒj. ••••ssolve in a long-neek'd Glass 〈◊〉〈◊〉 a gentle sand-heat, till they ••ently boil, so the solution will 〈◊〉〈◊〉 red, to this add some pints 〈◊〉〈◊〉 hot Water, and the white ••ouder will precipitate; de∣••ant the yellow Liquor from it 〈◊〉〈◊〉 degrees, then sweeten it by ••ashing, and dry it gently: Then take Leaf-Gold ʒij. A.R ••ij. (made of A. F. and a quar∣••er part of common Salt) then ••bstract the A. R and cohobate ••ur times; then dissolve it ••••ain, and add to it of the ••••rmer pouder ℥iij. digest 28 ••ays, and abstract by degrees; ••••hobate the third time, and ••••crease the fire, that the A.R. ••ay fly away, then affuse S. V. ••nd abstract it several times; 〈◊〉〈◊〉 have you a Bezoardick Mi∣••••ral of Gold.

§ 4. This Preparation of ••••r Author seems to be that 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Crollius, which is the se∣••••nd way taught in our Lond. ••ispens. but Hofman is plea∣sed to censure it, by reason of the corporeity of the Gold, and for that it is not rende∣red subtile, whereby it is less useful, and not so much augmented in Vertue: How the Gold is render'd volatile, he shews, by digesting it in the Bezoardick Spirit of Ni∣tre, and a threefold distilla∣tion or cohobation. It is render'd volatile, at least ve∣ry subtile, by Crollius's Me∣thod here delivered at § 1. above of this present Secti∣on.

§ 5. But he shews another way of rendering the Gold subtile, and reducing it from a corporeal to a more spiri∣tual substance, which is by a Philosophical Trituration in a Philosophick Mortar, where∣by it is reduced into a most subtile Pouder.

§ 6. I suppose this is to be performed by the Engine of Mons. Langelot, which is a Philosophical Mill, made of well-tempered Steel, into which he puts Leaf Gold cut into bits with Sissars, which is ground from morning till night for a month together keeping the Mill covered with a Paper to prevent Dust or other matter from falling into it.

§ 7. When the Gold is thus reduced to Atoms, he puts it into a Glass Retort

somewhat flat, and having pla∣ced it in a sand-heat, and fit∣ted a small Recipient to the Beak, with a gentle fire at first, and a gradual augmenta∣tion of it, till it is at length very violent, he distils and for∣ces from the Gold some red drops, which digested alone, or mixed with tartarized S. V. becomes an Aurum Po∣tabile.

§ 8. And by grinding the Gold which remains in the Re∣tort, as at first, in the same Mill, and by repeating the same Operations as long as any of it shall remain in the Re∣tort, he affirms, all the Gold may be reduced into Liquor.

§ 9. The Preparation, says he, tho' at first it seems plain, yet it requires great Pains; and if you consider it well, you will find it very rational, because he has seve∣ral times experimented, that this way of grinding, assisted by the heat and natural dis∣position of the Steel, draws to it the admirable Salt of the Air, which insinuating by degrees into the Pores of the Gold, hastens its dissolution; and therefore this Mill is in∣comparably much better than all the learned Hofman's Mortars, let them be made of what substance soever they will. But to proceed,

§ 10. Another way the said Hofman teaches of sub∣tilizing Gold, is by subliming the Pouder thereof with Sal Armoniack.

§ 11. Having made the Gold (by any of these ways) spiritual or subtile, he dissolves it in spirit of Nitre (not in A. R) and abstracts the solu∣tion to dryness, by an often re∣petition of the distillation of the Spirit of Nitre, and then calcines it sub tegula, &c.

§ 12. The Solar Bezoar of Rolfincius, which (Art. Chym. lib. 5. sect. 6. cap. 12.) he calls Bezoardicus praecipt∣tatus Solaris, or Verum Laza∣ri Riverij Febrifugum Quarta∣narum. ℞ Leaf Gold ℥ss. dissolve it in A. R. Vitrum Antimonii ℥ss. dissolve it in A. F. Quick-silver ℥iij. dissolve it also in A. F. joyn the solu∣tions, and distil by an Alem∣bick, reiterating the distilla∣tion 12 times: To the Pouder in the bottom affuse rectified S. V. which abstract 6 times, then calcine it with a red-hot heat in a Hascian Crucible.

§ 13. This Process, tho' Riverius calls it his, yet (says he) it is not a new, but an old Invention. It cures all forts of Agues, but chiefly Quartans; but Riverius gave it not usually by it self, but mixed with a proportional

part of Scammony, thus: ℞ Febrifugi gr. vj. Scammo∣ny gr. xij. Plus minus, pro re natâ.

§ 14. Beguinus, Tyro. Chym. lib. 2. cap. 12. and from him Grulingius, Florileg. par. 8. cap. 3. gives you the Prepa∣ration after this manner: Put it into a Matrass with a long Neck, well rectified But∣ter of Antimony ℥ij. melt it by a gentle fire, and affuse there∣on guttatim the like quantity of spirit of sulphurous salt. ℞ Fine Gold ʒj. dissolved in A. R. which for the better ope∣ning and attenuating of its body, let be thrice dissolved in fresh or new A. R. upon this affuse the former Liquor, (which ought to be clear, and of a subrubicund colour) put all in∣to a small Cucurbit, and distil in sand to dryness; then again affuse thereon ℥ij. more of spi∣rit of sulphurous salt, i. e. spi∣rit of Nitre, and distil as be∣fore, encreasing the fire to the height towards the end: Last∣ly, put the Matter into Cru∣cible, which calcine with a red-hot heat for the space of an hour.

§ 15. Zwelfer, Mantis. Spagyr. par. 1. cap. 1. pre∣pares it thus: ℞ Fine Leaf Gold ℥ss. dissolve it in a suffi∣cient quantity of A. R so that all the Gold may be dissolved; take also Butter of Antimony rectified from its Cinnabar ℥j. which dissolve by affusion of rectified spirit of Nitre gutta∣tim q. s. or so much as that the Butter may be all dissolved, the noise and effervescency ceasing, and the dissolution become of a subrubicund colour: Mix these two solutions together, and by an Alembick distil of dryness: On the remainder affuse fresh spirit of Nitre ℥iij. and distil as before, encreasing the Fire at last to the highest, for the total expulsion of the corrosive spirits; which Work repeat also a third time in the same manner with fresh Sp. Nitri: The remaining Mass edulco∣rate with fair Water, dry it, and calcine it in a Crucible for the space of two hours, gen∣tly at first, but encreasing it to a red heat, which levigate upon a Porphyry, and keep it in a Glass close stopt for use.

§ 16 From what has been said it appears, first, that the Gold ought to be spiritualiz'd or subtiliz'd; and the better that Operation is performed, the better will the Prepara∣tion be; also that the pro∣portion of the Gold to the But∣ter of Antimony ought to be such, as so much, as the But∣ter of Antimony may over∣come and dissolve it.

§ 17. Crollius takes to Gold ʒj. Butter of Antimony ʒx. Schroder to Gold ʒj. Butter of Antimony ʒxij. Beguinus to Gold ʒj. Butter ʒxvj. But Zwelfer to Gold ʒj. Butter of Antimony ʒiv. Which last Proportion, if the Gold be volatilised first, as it ought to be, is found by ma∣nifold Tryals to be the best, and the Medicine so prepa∣red to exceed in Vertues.

§ 18. It is a famous Su∣dorifick and Cordial, won∣derfully prevalent against the Plague, and all sorts of ma∣lign and pestilential Diseases, epidemic and contagious Fe∣vers; it powerfully drives forth the Sweat, and frees the Heart from poysonous Va∣pours; and Beguinus saith, It is a singular Remedy against the French Pox, Gout, Drop∣sies, and other Diseases which require sweating.

§ 19. Dose is, says Begui∣nus, à gr. vj. ad x. and the older it is, the greater Dose may be given. But Zwelfer says, the Dose may be à ℈j. ad ʒss. or ℈ij. if need re∣quires.

§ 20. Lastly, Schroder has a Compound Bezoardick, which take as follows. ℞ Solar Bezoar ℥j. Solution of Cora•• ℥iss. Salts of Rue and Guajacum, A. ʒss. mix, by grinding them an hour in a Glass Mortar, then add spirit of Sulphur ʒss. Extract of Saffron ʒiss. Oyls of Cloves, Amber, Cinnamon, A. ℈j. mix and digest warm in a close Glass for three days, and keep it for use.

§ 21. It provokes Sweat strongly, and is good in Apo∣plexies, Palsies, Gouts, Trem∣bling of the Joynts: Dose à gr. iv. ad viij. or x. The Extract of Saffron is made with S. V. abstracted to the consistence of Honey. The Solution of Coral is thus made. ℞ Sal Armoniack, sublimed (fast, from so much Common S••lt decripitated; secondly, without Common Salt, by it self) Pouder of red Co∣ral, A. ℥iij. mix and sublime again, so in the bottom of the sublimatory will be the Calx of Coral, put it on a Glass plate to dissolve; that which re∣mains after solution purifie with Sal Arm. and sublime, dissolving as before on a Glass plate, till all the Coral is dis∣solved, which keep for the pur∣pose aforesaid.

XXXVII. Bez••articum Ve∣neris; The Bezoar of Ve∣nus.

Bate.] It is made by draw∣ing forth the Tincture from

the scales of Copper with But∣ter of Antimony rectified, and fixing it with spirit of Nitre S. A. It is given by some against the Leprosie, and Di∣seases of the Head and Brain. Dose ad gr. vj. Externally, it is good against old Ulcers, Fistula's, Tettars, Ringworms, &c. mix with some appro∣priate Ointment.

Salmon.] § 1. Our Au∣thor here uses Copper, but Schroder does it with Scales of Brass; which Preparation has a Power (besides the Vertues before ascribed by our Author) to cure the French Disease, virulent Go∣norrhoeas, Exulcerations of the Reins and Genital Parts, with other like Diseases, for which it is an egregious Me∣dicament, as Hofman affirms.

§ 2. Crollius also does it from Scales of Brass, by di∣gestion with corrected Butter of Antimony. which he fixes by a manifold distillation of Spirit of Nitre from it, which, says he, has besides its other Vertues, a most certain Ale∣xiterick force in every kind of Gonorrhoea.

§ 3. You may give it à gr. iv. ad viij. x. or xij. accor∣ding to the Strength and Cir∣cumstances of the Patient, (Universals being first pre∣mised) which may be mixt or made up into a Bolus with some proper Alexiterick, Su∣dorifick, or Antivenereal Ele∣ctuary, and given at Night going to Bed, causing the Sick to sweat well upon it.

XXXVIII. Calx Lunae; Calx of Silver.

Bate.] It is made by dissol∣ving Lunae in A. F. and pre∣cipitating it with salt Water. Or, by amalgamating it with an equal quantity of Mercury, with the addition of a fourth part of Salt. Or, by cemen∣ting it with Tartar Vitriola∣tum, or Sal Gem, or Sul∣phur, &c. Or, by reverbera∣ting it for 8 days with Salt, Sulphur, Sal Armoniack, &c. S. A. It is profitable against Hysterick Fits, Epilepsies, Apoplexies, &c. Dose ad gr. x.

Salmon.] § 1. Here is to be noted, that your Silver ought to be fine Silver, and totally freed from any mix∣ture of Copper with it, for otherwise being used physi∣cally, it will cause vomi∣ting.

§ 2. The first way by A. F. from Thibaut: ℞ A lit∣tle Matras. with a strait long Neck, put into it A. F. ℥ij. Leaf-silver ℥j. set it upon a round, covered with s••nd in a

little Wheel-fire Fornace, gi∣ving a small Fire to help the dissolution of the Silver, and to consume the Dissolvant, s•• as after a gentle boiling, your Matter may dry and change in to a black skum, not unlike a Pumice-stone then encrease your Fire to melt this skum half petrified, and continue your Fire till the boiling cease, and that there arise no more Va∣pours, then take it off the Fire and let it cool so will the mat∣ter be reduced to a white pou∣der, which is the Calx of Luna.

§ 3. Now here is to be noted; that if to this Calx of Silver you give a violent fire, and a••d to it half a spoon∣ful of B••rax, it will return again to i••s first m••tallick na∣ture, and be Silver again in form▪ hardness, and consisten∣cy, because the violence of the Fire and Borax will car∣ry away the least Particle of the A. F. which kept the Sil∣ver in the form of a Calx.

§ 4. Marggrave does it thus: ℞ Leaf silver ℥ss. af∣fuse upon it A. F. ℥iij. mix, and put them for a night in digestion▪ till the Silver is whol∣ly dissolved, (unless by chance any Gold be mixt with it▪ which will not dissolve, but fall to the bottom:) the Solution evaporate te dryness, or if you would save the A. F. distil by a Glass Retort to dryness, and in the bottom you will have the Calx of Luna.

§ 5. Where note, that if the Luna be pure from any mixture of Venus, the Solu∣tion will be white; but if any Allay of Copper be in it, it will be green.

§ 6. This Calx serves for preparing the Tincture of Luna with, besides the other Vertues ascribed to it by our Author.

§ 7. Schroder says, That being dissolved in A. F. or Sp. Nitri, the Calx may be made by precipitation with Salt-brine, Salt-water, or a piece of Brass or Copper cast in, the Water being put in to a three, four, or sixfold quan∣tity.

§ 8. Le Febur takes fine or cupulated Silver ℥j. A. F. ℥iij. or as much good Spirit of Nitre, dissolves in a gentle heat in Sand or Ashes, then precipitates with salt Water, edulcorates with fresh Water, and dries it for use, which is Calx of Silver.

§ 9. Lemery and Charras also use a treble proportion of A. F. to the Luna, in dis∣solution, which is generally received by most other Ar∣tists, Thibaut (who uses but a double quantity) and Marg∣grave

(who uses a sixfold quantity) only excepted.

§ 10. The second way is by Amalgamation with Quick-silver. ℞ Fine Leaf-silver, Quick-silver depurated, ana, mix and make an Amalgama, adding a fourth part of Com∣mon Salt, or Salt of Vitriol, then exhale the Mercury at the Fire, or bring it over the Helm and wash the remainder: Where note, that if a double quantity of Mercury be used, the Calx will yet be the better, or more subtile.

§ 11. The third way by Cementation. Besides Tartar Vitriolate and Sal Gem, which our Author prescribes, it may be cemented with Precipitate and Sublimate Mercury, Com∣mon Salt, Crude Tartar, Vi∣triol, &c. thus: ℞ Plates of Silver, or Leaf-silver p. j. Mer∣cury sublimate p. ij. mix and exhale at the Fire, so will you have the Silver remaining like Rosin, Sennert. Institut.

§ 12. But Hofman says it is better done thus: ℞ Leaf-silver, Corrosive Sublimate, Sal Armoniack, ana. Mix them well together, and put them in∣to a small Bolt-head with a long neck, close it well with the heat of a Candle, and in a short time the Mercury will flow in the bottom of the Ves∣sel; and the Glass being bro∣ken, you will find the Mass in a rare Spongy Calx.

§ 13. The reason of which is, from the vehement heat excited by the Contest be∣tween the saline parts of the Sublimate and the Sal Armon. whereby the Silver is calcin'd and reduced into minute parts.

§ 14. It is also cemented with twice as much Sal Gem, or four times as much Common Salt, in 7 or 8 hours.

§ 15. Or thus: ℞ Filings of Silver ℥j. Flowers of Sul∣phur ℥ij. Common salt ℥ss. mix and sublime seven times, as you make Flowers of Sulphur, still adding to the Sublimate the remaining matter; cast away the Sublimate the last time, and wash the remaining Calx.

§ 16. But says Hofman, the calcination will be better done in this last if the Salt be omitted, and therefrom you may extract and egregious Tincture of Luna with Spirit of Lilly Convally, and uri∣nous Spirit of Sal Armoniack, adding also a little Spirit of Vitriol.

§ 17. And thereof a Water of Luna may be thus made. ℞ This Calx (calcin'd with Sulphur) and affuse thereon some cephalick Water, Simple, or Compound, as of Rosemary,

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for a defect of the Memory, or Water of Mans-brain; Wa¦ters of Fl••wers of Hypericon or P••niperne▪ for Ma••ness; the Epileptick of Lang••us for the Falling sickness, or of Lilly Convally, or the Flowers of the Tile-Tree, &c.

§ 18 But in this Opera∣tion you must be cautious not to take too much Sulphur, to wit, not above two parts, lest it be over-burnt, as a less quantity would not do it enough; if you take Leaf-silver ℥j. an ounce and half of Flowers of Sulphur may suffice.

§ 19. Schroder also saith, it may be cemented with Spi∣rit of Salt of Tartar, (which is a very difficult thing to distil) But, saith Hofman, it is more conveniently done with the volatile Salt thereof.

§ 20. The fourth and last way is by Reverberation: Now, because Silver does more easily obey the Fire and Calcination than Gold, so it needs not a very tedious Work: Nor indeed ought it (as Hofman saith) be too much calcin'd, for thereby▪ instead of having a good and valuable Medicine, you will only have a vulgar and com∣mon one, apt to cause nau∣seating and vomiting, from its Vitriolick Sapor.

§ 21. And therefore, says Schroder, if you please, you ••ay elaborate it more after calcination, and then with Sulphur or Common salt, or Sal Gem, or Sulphur and Sal Gem, or Common salt and Sal Armoniack; cement it as often as you please, and so edulcorate it by washing off the salt.

§ 22. As for example. ℞ Calx of Silver made by Aqua fortis ℥j. Common salt ℥ij. Sal Armoniack ʒij. mix them together, and reverberate for eight days.

XXXIX. Calx Jovis, Calx of Tin.

Bate.] It is made of Tin melted, and continually stirred with an Iron Rake, or some such-like thing, till it is per∣fectly reduced into Ashes: Or, it may be prepared from Jupi∣ter dissolved in A. F. precipi∣tated and edulcorated S. A. It is a Specifick against Hy∣sterick Fits. Dose to ten grains.

Salmon.] § 1. The Calx of Tin is made several ways, as by, 1. Incineration, according to our Author's method. 2. Re∣verberation, which is done by putting the former Calx into a Reverberatory, and conti∣nually stirring of it. 3. Vapor, which is hanging Plates of

Tin over Vapors of Vinegar, or other corrosive Liquors. 4. Cementation, by laying it S. S. S. with Sulphur, Quick∣lime, or other proper Ce∣ments. 5. Immersion, which is done by dipping Plates of Tin into corrosive Liquors, as in Sp. of Lead, but usually in Spirit of Vinegar: And from this Calx by Immersion is made, first, a Salt of Tin, se∣condly, a Magistery of Tin.

§ 2. Besides what our Au∣thor has signified as to its Vertues for the suffocation of the Womb, which it is said admirably to cure, this is certain, that outwardly it is good for all manner of old Sores, putrid Ulcers, weep∣ing Fistulaes, Cancers, and other rebellious Diseases of like kind.

§ 3. Modus Ʋtendi. ℞ Calx of Tin gr. x. Oyl of Man's-scul gut. ij. Salt of Am∣ber gr. vj. Mithridate ℈j. mix and make a Bolus for one dose. Or thus: ℞ Calx of Tin gr. viij. Oyl of Ox-horns gut. ij. Salt of Harts-horn gr. vj. Venice-Treacle ʒss. mix for a Dose, to be repeated every night for a Month, and in the morning also if the Disease is vehement.

§ 4. ℞ Calx of Tin ℥j. Oyl of Hypericon q. s. mix and make an Ointment for old Ulcers. ℞ Calx of Tin ℥j. Balsamum Lucatelli, Honey A. q. s. mix for a Balsam, to cure Blindness, which it has done to a Miracle.

XL. * Cerussa Antimonij; Ceruse of Antimony.

Bate.] It is made out of the Regulus of Antimony instead of crude Antimony by burning, &c. S. A. It has the Vertues of Antimonium Diaphoreti∣cum.

Salmon.] § 1. The Regu∣lus is to be calcin'd with a tre∣ble quantity of Crystals of Ni∣tre, for half an hour or more, then sw••eten, and take away the dross at bottom, dry it, and the pouder is called Ceruse; then calcine it with Nitre, or reverberate it without, melting till it be yellow, so will it be diaphoretick.

§ 2. This, says Knuffelius, is the white Sulphur of the Phi∣losophers: And, saith Hofman, to one part of the Regulus you must have 3 or 4 parts of the depurated Crystals of Nitre, otherwise you will have no Ceruse.

§ 3. Le Febur makes it is another way, viz. of the first decanted Water of the Antimonium Diaphoreticum, as is taught at large in Sect. XIV. § 16, 17, 18. of

this Chapter aforegoing, and equals it to the Antimonium Diaphoreticum.

§ 4. Being made according to the Prescript, Hofman saith, it cures inveterate and de∣plorable Ulcers, proceeding from too great Serosities, and is prevalent against contuma∣cious Scabs, Measles, and Small Pox, the happy Energy of which in those cases, he had oftentimes proved.

§ 5. If it be given for the purifying of the Blood, it ought to be taken continually for 30 days, or more; if for Wounds and Ulcers, it ought to be administred with vul∣nerary Drinks and Decocti∣ons, tho' in truth it much ex∣ceeds them all.

§ 6. Outwardly it dries much, and is used in Cosme∣tick Waters, as of Bean-flow∣ers, of Solomon's Seal, and such-like, for taking away Deformities of the Face and Skin, which it renders very pure and clean; and it is mix'd with Cosmetick Oint∣ments to heal Fistures, Chaps, and the like.

§ 7. It is (Universals be∣ing first premised) thus used to stop a Gonorrhoea. ℞ Ce∣ruse of Antimony ℈j. Roch Alum in fine pouder ℈ss. Catechu in fine pouder gr. 15. mix, and give it in Jelly of Ising-glass made in Milk for a Dose, which repeat as long as need requires.

§ 8. The Dose is à gr. x. ad xxx, but some give it ad ℈ij. yea, to ʒj. augmenting the Dose gradually. Schroder saith it works diversly; for in some the two or three ••irst days it causes a loathing and spitting, at other times it works insensibly; in some it gently loosens and in others it sweats, and not but at the conclusion perceived. It may be given at night going to Bed, or in the morning fast∣ing, but Schroder prescribes it four or 5 hours before Din∣ner.

§ 9. Charras makes it of the first decanted Liquor of the Antimonium Diaphoreti∣cum, according to Le Febur's method, precipitating it with Vinegar, very white, which he washes and dries: Which, says he, fortifies Nature, and disposes it to expel ill Hu∣mors by all sorts of ways, but chiefly by Sweat, and insen∣sible Transpiration: It is proper to mortifie corrosive Salts, especially Acids, and to prevent fermentation of the Humors, the Corruption whereof it also hinders clean∣ses the whole mass of Blood, and gives wonderful Rel••ef in scorbutick Maladies, if

its use be continued for some time.

§ 10. And though it may seem astringent, as well in regard of its substance, being altogether terrestrial, as in respect to its operation, being disabled from purging either upwards or downwards, yet being mixed with Cathar∣ticks or Openers, it then seems to assume their Qualities and Operations, by assisting their activity, and therefore is of∣ten mixed with Aperients to open the Obstructions of the Bowels and Womb.

§ 11. Le Mort makes it thus: ℞ Regulus of Antimony ℥j. A. R. ℥iij. digest them to∣gether till the effervescency ceases, then digest again for one day, so the Regulus corroded will remain in the bottom, the A. R. supernating, which will be tinged of a yellow colour, decant the A. R. and edulco∣rate the subsiding pouder by many affusions of fair Water, which dry upon Chalk, and keep for use.

§ 12. It is diaphoretick and sudorifick, and emulates (says he) the Vertues of Be∣zoar Minerale, the Dose be∣ing from gr. iv. ad x. or xii.

§ 13. Cerussa Antimonii solaris Schroderi, a Solar Ce∣ruse of Antimony: ℞ Regulus of Antimony ℥j. fine Gold ʒj. Sal Nitre ℥iij. mix, calcine them without melting in a Crucible, so the Regulus will be a yellow Pouder, but the Sol will lose of its weight; edulco∣rate the pouder, and if you please calcine again. It has the Vertues of the former, but is more cordial.

§ 14. The Cerussa Solaris is also made by a calcination by the Sun-beams, thus: ℞ Pouder of Antimony, or Regulus, or Flowers thereof, and concentrate the Beams of the Sun thereon by a Burning∣glass, so in a short time will the Fumes ascend from the Antimony, and it will turn white.

§ 15. Where note, 1. That the Flowers are easier to cal∣cine than either the Crude Antimony or the Regulus. 2. That the weight of the Antimony is rather encreased after calcination than dimi∣nished.

§ 16. This Preparation Schroder calls Magical; Bar∣tholettus, in Meth. Med. Hea∣venly and Physical; and Pop∣pius, in Basilic. Antimonii, pag. 21. commends the same; and Le Febur saith, That the Sun-beams does pu∣rifie and fix Antimony much better, and with much more efficacy than Nitre can pos∣sibly

do; which, says he, is a kind of Calcination Philoso∣phical, and worthy indeed of a Son of Art, who desires to search into the Wonders of Art and Nature.

§ 17. Behold and contem∣plate the rare Effects of Ma∣gical and Coelestial Fire, drawn from the Rays of the Sun by the help of a Bur∣ning or Refracting-Glass, which but few apprehend, and fewer yet believe what may be done and performed thereby.

§ 18. And whereas com∣mon Fire and Salts do alter and destroy the substance of Antimony, this noble and miraculous Fire preserves and encreases it; which Wonder will cease, as soon as you do but consider, that this noble Mineral has a kind of natu∣ral Magnet in its self, which makes it capable to attract from the Heaven it self a noble and familiar Substance which is Light and Fire, by which both its Substance and Vertues are depurated, exal∣ted, and augmented.

§ 19. ℞ Antimony in fine pouder gr. xij. calcine it either by simple common Fire, or by Salts, and it yields a smoaky Vapor, unpleasant and heavy, (which being preserved in a sublimatory, would be flowers of Antimony) and you will have a Calx of not above six or seven grains, which will have a purging and emetick quality.

§ 20. ℞ Again, Antimony in fine pouder, gr, xij. and cal∣cine it by the Sun-beams with a Burning-Glass, which may concentrate the Light and Beams of the Sun, so as to work upon the matter, then will the Mineral yield Vapors also, as when calcin'd in a com∣mon Fire; and one would think that it should decrease in like manner in the same pro∣portion, but it is otherwise, for the calcination being often re∣iterated, and the Antimony turned into a white Calx, you will find it to weigh gr. 15 instead of 12, which is eight or nine grains more than by the former Operation.

§ 21. And a thing more to be admired and less con∣ceivable, is, that these fifteen grains of Solar Ceruse are neither Emetick nor Cathar∣tick, but contrariwise Diapho∣retick, or Sudorifick, and Cor∣dial; Dose à gr. iij, ad xij. in all the Diseases before enumerated; and we know that Experience has made it appear, that this Remedy is incomparably better, and much more excellent than the other Ceruse prepared by

common Fire, or the Vulgar Diaphoretick. How this Ope∣ration is to be performed, we shall hereafter shew in our Officina Chymica, now in the Press.

XLI. Cerussa Martis; The Ceruse of Mars or Iron.

Bate.] It is made of the Regulus of Mars, in all respects as in the Ceruse of Antimony. It is also prepared with a nine∣fold quantity of Nitre. It is Diaphoretick, like the Ceruse of Antimony.

Salmon.] § 1. It has all the Vertues of the Antimonial Ceruse added to the nature of Mars; so that it is not only sudorifick from its Antimo∣nial Property, but it is also opening and strengthening from its Martial; for which reason it is of good use to be given to such as have been troubled with a Chlorosis, (Universals having been first premised) for it confirms the healthful tone of the parts, and prevents the Sick for fal∣ling into the like Distemper again.

§ 2. Modus Ʋtendi. ℞ Ceruse of Mars gr. xij. ad xx. Cochinele in fine pouder gr. vj. Saffron in fine pouder gr. iij. Mithridate ℈j. or. ʒss. mix for a sweating dose, to be given at Bed-time.

§ 3. ℞ Ceruse of Mars gr. xij. Salt of Harts-horn gr. vj. Laudanum Volatile nost. gr. ij. mix, for a dose against the Bitings of mad Dogs, Serpents, and other venomous Creatures.

§ 4. ℞ Ceruse of Mars, gr. x. ad xx. Rosin of Chio Turpentine ℈j. Roch-Alum in fine pouder gr. vj. mix for a Dose, against the Whites in Women, and Gonorrhoea in Men, or a continual Gleet, to be given after due purging and taking away the malign cause with proper Antivene∣reals.

§ 5. Or thus: ℞ Ceruse of Mars, Rosin of Chio Tur∣pentine, A. ℈j. Catechu in fine pouder gr. xv. Roch-Alum in pouder, gr. iv. Volatile Lau∣danum gr. j. ad iij. Marma∣lade of Quinces q. s. mix, and make a Bolus, to be taken every night going to Bed, in the cases last mentioned, after due purging, as afore directed.

XLII. Chalcanthum Rube∣factum; Rubified Vi∣triol.

Bate.] It is made by calci∣ning the Vitriol to redness. It wonderfully astringes and dries, being good against Dysenteries, Haemorrhagies, &c. In pulling out of Teeth (if a great flux of Blood should happen) it is success∣fully applied with Vinegar and Lint.

Salmon.] § 1. You may take in place thereof the Caput Mortuum of the Oyl of Vitriol, which does the same thing; where note, that if it be for inward uses, the Vitriol ought to be purified and cleansed by dissolution, filtration, evaporation, and crystallization, and then pre∣pared according to Art.

§ 2. Modus Ʋtendi. ℞ Diascordium ʒss. Rubified Vi∣triol gr. xij. Catechu gr. viij. mix and make a Bolus, to be given Morning and Evening, drinking after the same a Glass of red Wine.

§ 3. Or thus: Mithridate ʒss. Rubified Vitriol, Bezoar Minerale, A. gr. xij. mix and make a Bolus, to be given as afore directed.

§ 4. ℞ Rubified Vitriol, Red Coral levigated, Ana. mix them for a Dentifrice, to cleanse the Teeth; besides which, it also strengthens, nourishes, and restores the Gums. Note. Before the inward use of this Medicine, let Universals be premised.

XLIII. * Chalybs Sine Acido; Chalybs prepared without an Acid.

Bate.] It is prepared by moistening Mars ten times with Salt of Wormwood dissol∣ved in Cichorf-water, and drying it again in a dry and warm Air; after which it is reduced into a subtile pouder. It powerfully opens Obstru∣ctions. Dose ℈j. ad ʒss.

Salmon.] § 1. In order for the more easie perfor∣mance of this, you ought to take Filings of Iron, not Gades, &c. and Iron is bet∣ter than Steel, because not only its Body is more porous and open, but it also con∣tains in it a larger proportion of Sulphur and Mercury.

§ 2. Whereas our Author prescribes the Reduction to be done with Salt of Worm∣wood, it may as well be done with Sal•• of Tartar, or the

Salt of any other Vegetable, or instead of any of them, with Salt of Pot-ashes, which may be dissolved in any other distilled Vegetable-Water, or in Rain-water or May-dew, &c.

§ 3. This Preparation is indeed only a Rust of Iron, contracted from the moisture. Lemery makes it thus: ℞ Fi∣lings of Iron, put them into a broad flat earthen Pan ungla∣zed, and expose it to the Rain till it turns into a Paste, then set it to dry in the shade, and it will rust; pouder it, and expose it to Rain, as before, and so let it rust; pouder again and reiterate this Operation for 12 times, then reduce it into subtile pouder, and keep it for use.

§ 4. Or thus: ℞ Thin Plates of Iron, wash them well, and expose them to the Dew for a good while, till they rust, which scrape off; put them again to receive the Dew, and gather the Rust as before; which Work continue till you have gotten so much as you de∣sire.

§ 5. This Preparation (saith Lemery) is really better than all the Preparations of Iron, which are called Crocus, and is an excellent thing for opening of all Obstructions whatsoever, but more espe∣cially of the Liver, Spleen, Pancreas, and Mesentery.

§ 6. It is used very suc∣cessfully against the Green-sickness, to remove the stop∣page of the Terms, cure Dropsies, Jaundice, and other Diseases which proceed from Oppilations.

§ 7. The Dose à gr. iv. or vj. ad ℈ij. in a Bolus, Lozen∣ges, or Pills: In a Bolus you may give it thus: ℞ Leni∣tive Electuary ʒj. of this Cro∣cus à ℈ss. ad ℈j. mix and make a Bolus, to be given at night going to Bed, and to be con∣tinued for a month together, or as long as need shall re∣quire.

§ 8. This Preparation of the opening Crocus of Mars is out of the common Road, and much longer a doing than the rest, but it is the best of all that ever were in∣vented; the Dew is impreg∣nated with a Dissolvent that very much opens the Pores of the Iron, and incorporating with it, renders it more active and soluble than it was before.

§ 9. This Medicine also opens Obstructions, by ver∣tue of its Salt, which being assisted with the solid parts of the Metal, penetrates farther than other Salts can; but you ought alwaies to purge

and moisten the Body you give it to with Broths, before you presume to give it, be∣cause should it find the Pas∣sages of the small Vessels fil∣led and obstructed with gross Humors, it would 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ••••••op and cause In••an••nations whence the Colick would be excited.

§ 10. How Iron performs its Operation many have doubted, yet it seems clear, that it opens Obstructions as an Alcali, by absorbing the Acid, which causes the Coa∣gulum: But if any one should object, That Iron does only act according to the Preparations which the dif∣ferent Juices it meets with in the Stomach do make, for that these acid Juices not fai∣ling to encounter with, and to dissolve it, there may result from this dissolution a liber∣ty to the parts of the Body where this Action might be and some other parts adjacent thereto, and consequently their Restauration.

§ 11. To which we say, that though Mars may act in the Body, sometimes as an Alcali, by absorbing and sweetening the acid Humor which it meets with, as it does absorb and sweeten the acid Liquors which are pou∣red upon it: Yet we con∣clude not from hence, that its aperitive faculty does al∣waies consist in this effect, for that the Water in which Iron has been put to boil is aperitive, and yet there is no Alcali in it, to sweeten the Acids of the Body when it is drunk.

§ 12. That though Steel is alwaies used in Chymical Preparations for Physick and commonly preferred before it, yet it is nevertheless certain that Iron is much more fit for that intent than Steel, because it is more soluble; for if the Action of Iron proceeds from nothing but its Salt (as 'tis certain) the Salt of Iron must be much more easily separa∣ted than that of Steel because the Pores of the latter are more close than the Pores of the former, and therefore this must have quicker effects.

§ 13. But the reason which has induced People to be∣lieve that Steel is better for Physical uses than Iron, was its being thought to be depri∣ved of many Impurities by calcination; but that which they call the Impurity is the more open part of the Iron, and therefore the more to be chosen, and the more effe∣ctual.

§ 14. And therefore as Iron by calcination being tur∣ned

into Seeel, is freed from its Scories, and also deprived of its more volatile Salt, so it is made worse for our Uses by that Change; for the Im∣purities, which is called the Scories, is the better part of the Iron, that has been rarifi∣ed by its Salt; and tho' some call the Rust of Iron its Dross, the whole Metal may re∣ceive the same appellation, every Particle thereof being capable of the same change, if but laid in the open Air.

XLIV. * Chalybs Tartarisa∣tus; Steel tartarised.

Bate. ℞ Mars cleansed from filth, white Tartar in pouder, A. ℥vj. Fumitory water q. s. mix, and make a Mass like Paste or an Electuary; boil it in an earthen Vessel in Clibano, with a gentle heat, to dryness; make it into a subtil pouder, to which add Fumitory water q. s. and boil again to dryness; which repeat again the third time, reducing it at last into a subtil pouder, S. A. Of this is made Potable Mars.

Salmon.] § 1. This is the Arcanum of which Dr. Willis his Tincture of Steel was made, which made so great a noise, and obtained so great a Re∣putation in the World.

§ 2. The Pouder may be given against all manner of Obstructions of the Bowels, but chiefly those of the Liver, Spleen, Stomach, Womb, Pan∣creas, and Mesentery; it is indeed a good thing against the Scurvy, Dropsie, Gout, but chiefly against the Green sickness in Virgins, which it scarcely ever fails to Cure, as also the Rickets in Chil∣dren, though in the latter case (in my opinion) it is better gi∣ven in a Tincture than in Substance, in which latter form it may be given à ℥ss. ad ℈ij. more or less, in a fit Vehicle.

§ 3. From this Pouder a Tincture may be made, 1. by boiling it in fair Water till the Liquor looks black, which may be filtrated and evapora∣ted in an earthen Pan, to the thickness of a Syrup. This is a famous thing against the Green-sickness, and may be given from one spoonful to two, in a Glass of Ale, every night going to Bed.

§ 4. Or, 2. by infusion in White or Rhenish-wine, thus. ℞ White or Rhenish-wine lbviij. of the former Crocus lbj. mix, and digest in a very gentle heat, for a month, so will you have a famous Tincture of Mars, good for all the Purposes aforesaid, and may

be given at night going to Bed, ab ℥ss. ad ℥j. in a Glass Bv Ale or Wine.

§ 5. Or, 3. by Infusion in tartarised S. V. or as some will have it, in Tincture of Salt of Tartar, thus: ℞ S. V. &c. lbiv. of the former Crocus lbj. mix, digest for a month in a gentle heat, and decant, and affuse fresh spirit so long as it will yield any Tincture; put all these Tinctures together, and abstract one half or three parts of the spirit, according to the quantity which you used in extracting the Tincture.

§ 6. The latter is more spirituous and penetrating, and has all the Vertues of any of the former, and may be given à ℥j. ad ℥ij. more or less, in any convenient Vehi∣cle, and that as well in the morning as at night.

XLV. Cinnabaris Antimonii, Cinnabar of Antimony.

Bate.] It is made by subli∣mation of the Caput Mortuum left, after the distillation of the Butter of Antimony, then re∣ctifying it, S. A. It provokes Sweat plentifully, and pre∣vails against the Gout, French Pox, Falling-sickness, Palsie, &c. Dose à ℈ss. ad ℈j.

Salmon.] § 1. Having pre∣pared all the Matter for distil∣lation of the Butter of Antimo∣ny, (the making of which we shall shew in its place) and the Gummy or Glacial Liquor being come off, you must give by little and little a Fire of suppression, till the red Liquor also comes forth, then remove the Recipient, and substitute another, and with a fire of sup∣pression, for an hour or two, (as Beguinus directs) or four hours, (as Roifincius, Chym. lib. 5. sect. 5. cap. 5. will have it) or eight hours, (as Blasius the Commentator on Beguinus advises) encreasing towards the end, for some time, till the Retort gr••ws red-hot; continue the distillation so will you have the Cinnabar sticking to the neck of the Retort, and in the Receiver a little running Mercury.

§ 2. From a pound and half of each of the Ingredi∣ents, viz. from lbiij. of the first matter, you will have says Rolfincius, a glaciale But∣ter: an elegant shining Anti∣mony in the bottom of the Retort lbi¾: in the latter Re∣ceiver running Mercury a lit∣tle: and Cinnabar in the neck of the Retort but ʒiij. But in the latter I know he was mistaken, for if you work rightly, you will have of Cin∣nabar ℥xiiiss.

§ 3. Thibaut, in his Art of Chymistry, says, If you would have the Cinnaber of Antimo∣ny, you must towards the end of the first distillation in your luted Retort, give a violent fire of suppression, and (says he) without any Re∣ceiver to your Retort, which is to be continued till your Retort be sunk and almost melted: This fire will drive the Mercury to the end and middle of the neck of the Retort, and when the Ope∣ration is done, it will, either be revived into Quicksilver, or turned into a grey or blackish Pouder; and at the mouth of the Retort you will find an Antimonial substance, which at the end of the ope∣ration will appear in the form of a Crust, as thick as the Back of a Knife, and which outwardly is of a grey co∣lour, but being pared, is with∣in red, and called Cinnabar of Antimony; and in the bot∣tom of the Retort a congea∣led Lump, which is the rest of your Antimony revived.

§ 4. If, says he, you weigh your Mercury, (both the revi∣ved and that which is in pou∣der) you will find that they weigh little more than the corrosive Sublimate first used. And if you weigh the Cinna∣bar and the Antimony at bot∣tom of the Retort, you will see that they will weigh little less than the Antimony first taken.

§ 5. That when you in∣tend to make Cinnabar of Antimony, you must alwaies take the best crude Antimony, and not its Regulus; for thô from the latter you will have a better and more gentle Mercurius Vitae, yet from it you will have no Cinnabar of Antimony at all, because the Regulus has lost a great part of its Sulphur.

§ 6. Le Mort, Chymic. Medico-physicae, pag. 169. saith, That if after the distil∣lation of the Butter of Anti∣mony, you make the fire more intense, you shall have a Cinnabar; But if you would have it In greater abundance, you are to make the sublimation in an earthen Retort, with a naked fire; and being made red-hot, the Work is to be continued for two hours, (Collect. Chym. cap. 53) so will all the Mer∣cury mixt with the Sulphur of the Antimony ascend in the form of Cinnabar.

§ 7. Marggrave makes it thus. ℞ The Caput Mort▪ left in making the Butter of Antimony, make it into pou∣der, and put it into a Glass

Retort coated, which place upon a naked fire, so as the Retort may be made throughly red-hot, and sublime for the space of an hour or two.

§ 8. The Work being fini∣shed, break the Retort, you will find in the first part of the neck a black matter, which by washing in fair Water will become Quicksil∣ver; in the other part of the neck you will have a kind of grey Sublimate, which being freed from its Scoria, and re∣duced into ponder, will be red, which is the Cinnabar of Antimony; and in the bottom of the Retort you will have a little crude Antimony, which Chymists call Antimoninm Regeneratum.

§ 9. The Cinnabar being reduced into ponder, is to be several times rectified, by subli∣ming it per se, in a Glass Re∣tort in sand, by which means it will become very pure and red. Chymists advise a seven-fold rectification or sublimati∣on; but Marggrave is of opi∣nion, that three are enough.

§ 10. From this Cinnabar it is that the Philosophers make an augmentation of Gold , and some dissolve it in Spirit of common Salt, and then distil it to dryness, obtai∣ning a most white pouder, which they call Chaos Mercu∣rit.

§ 11. Zwelfer performs the Operation the same way, in the space of one or two hours, but advises that the neck of the Retort should be large.

§ 12. Schroder says, That if you desire Cinnabar rather than Butter of Aniimony, you must at first give a strong Fire: This Cinnabar, says he, may be purified with one or two sublimations.

§ 13. Lemery makes it af∣ter this manner: ℞ Crude Antimony, corrosive Sublimate, Ana. in fine pouder, mix them well together, and therewith fill a Retort half full, set it in sand, in a small Fornace, and fit thereto a Receiver, luting the Juncture; distil first with a small fire, so will a clear Li∣quor distil, then augment the fire a little, and the Butter of Antimony will come forth white and thick (which will stop the neck of the Retort and break it, if you take not care to set live Coals near it, that it may melt and run into the Receiver) continue the distillation till red Vapors begin to appear, then take away the Receiver, and put another in its place, without luting the Juncture; encrease the Fire by little and little, till the Retort becomes red-hot; continue it so three or four hours, then letting the

Retort cool, break it, and you will find the Cinnabar subli∣med and fixed to the neck, which separate and keep for use.

§ 14. From ten ounces of crude Antimony, and ten oun∣ces of corrosive Sublimate, you will have of Butter of Anti∣mony ℥v. of Cinnabar of Anti∣mony ℥viiss. of Quicksilver ℥i. and of Antimony regenerate (which remains in the Retort) ℥v. so that it seems there is ℥iss. of the Matter lost in the Operation, which possibly might happen while the Cin∣nabar was rising.

§ 15. The Mass at bot∣tom of the Retort, Lemery says, may be flung away, as being the more terrestrious part of the Antimony; the Quicksilver is found as well in the neck of the Retort, as in the last Receiver; and at the end of the neck of the Retort, there is sometimes a Mossy Substance found, which represents many little figures, and is the more rarified Cin∣nabar.

§ 16. Now the reason why Running Quicksilver is found in this Operation, is, from the paucity of the Sul∣phur in the Antimony, there being not enough in that quantity for the Mercury to adhere to, for that to make Cinnabar, Mercury, and Sul∣phur must be sublimed toge∣ther.

§ 17. Take this Cinnabar in fine pouder p. j. Salt of Tar∣tar p. ij. mix, and put them into a Retort, and distil with a great fire into a Receiver fil∣led with Water, so will the Mercury come forth, and the Sulphur will remain in the Re∣tort with the Salt of Tartar, which you may thus sepa∣rate.

§ 18. Boil what remains in the Retort in a sufficient quan∣tity of Water, filter the Deco∣ction, and affuse thereon spirit of Vinegar so will a grey pouder precipitate, which edulcorate with Water, and dry; thus have you done the Sulphur of Antimony, which is much estee∣med for Diseases of the Brest and Lungs, being given à gr. v. ad viij. in some pectoral Vehicle.

§ 19. Le Febure differs little in the form of the Pre∣paration, but much in the proportion of the Ingredients, for to lbj. of crude Antimony he takes lbiij. of Corrosive Sublimate, which he puts in∣to a Retort so large, as that ¾ of it may be empty, and lutes the Juncture only with Paper and Paste made of Flower, performing the Ope∣rations as afore directed.

§ 20. This Cinnabar, says he, may be used for a Fume to such who are in a course of Cure for the Pox, but is mostly used as an Internal in the Venereal Disease and all its Retinue, because this An∣timonial Sulphur, (which cleaves to the Mercury, and coagulates it) is of a much-more exalted Vertue than common Sulphur, and therefore this Medicament does more effectually absorb Acids, pu∣rifies the mass of Blood, and hinders the corruption and putrefaction of all the Hu∣mors and Juices of the Body, removing the malignity, and destroying the Venereal Ve∣nom.

§ 21. Authors prescribe it à gr. vj. ad xv. or xx. but my Experience has told me, it may safely be given for a Month together ā. ℈j ad ℈ij. yea, ad ʒj. in a proper Bolus, or made up with Chio Turpen∣tine, or Balsam of Peru, or other ••••t Vehicle.

§ 22. Marggrave, Le Mort, and indeed most Authors who have wrote of it, com∣mend it as a famous thing for the cure of the Epilepsie▪ and other Diseases proceed∣ing from an Acid ferment, it being of an alcalious and sul∣phurous nature: But in re∣spect to the Epilepsie, it must proceed from an Acid cause, else it will not have that fa∣med effect.

§ 23. How this Cinnabar of Antimony may be made in a greater plenty we will here shew from Rolfincius, Chym. lib. 5. sect. 5. cap. 6. thus: ℞ Crude Antimony, Corrosive Sublimate, Ana. mix in fine pouder, and distil off the But∣ter, as before directed; which ceasing to distil, take the Ca∣put Mort. or Matter remaining in the Retort and mix it again with an equal quantity of Mercury Sublimate, which put into a new Retort, having a much longer and wider neck (that the Cinnabar may have a spacious place to be lodged in) begin first with a gentle fire, then with a more intense, and lastly, with a fire of suppressi••n, so will the Cinnabar sublime in a much greater plenty, &c.

§ 24. Modus Ʋtendi. ℞ Cinnabar of Antimony, Magi∣steries of Coral and Pearl, ana. gr. xv. mix for a Dose, against the Falling-sickness. Hart∣man.

§ 25. Or thus: ℞ Cinna∣bar of Antimony, Misselto of the Oak, Elks-hoof, A. ℥ss. Man's-skull filed, or calcin'd without Fire, ℥i. mix them. Dose à ℈ss. ad ℈j. or ℈ij. Myn∣sicht.

§ 26. Or thus: ℞ Cin∣nabar of Antimony, crude Man's skull, Magisteries of Coral and Pearls, ana. mix, and make a pouder. Dose à gr. 10, ad 20, ad 30. in any con∣venient Liquor. Sennertus.

§ 27. ℞ Cinnabar of An∣timony, Magistery of Elks-hoof, A. ʒij. Eleosaccharum Citri, Angelicae, A. ʒj. mix, for 12 or 18 Doses. Rolfincius.

§ 28. Or thus: ℞ Cin∣nabar ℥ss. Magisteries of Pearl and Coral, A. ℈ij. Saffron ℈j. Aurum Fulminans gr. x. mix them. Dose à ℈ss. ad ℈j. or ʒss. in Lilly-convally-water, &c. Quercetan.

XLVI. Coleothar Vitrioli; Caput Mortuum of Vi∣triol.

Bate.] It is nothing else but Vitriol calcin'd to redness; or the Caput Mortuum left in the bottom of the Retort after the distillation of the Oil of Vitriol. Vide Chalcanthum Rubefactum.

Salmon.] § 1. You may see the thing more at large in Sect. XLII. aforegoing of this Chapter, with the Vertues and Uses thereof.

§ 2. Besides what we have there signified, this take notice of, That a Salt may be extracted out of it, which is indeed a famous Styptick, and stops Bleeding above any other thing in the World; of which we fully and plainly speak in its proper place.

XLVII. Corpus sine Anima; A Body without a Soul.

Bate.] ℞ Roots of Floren∣tine-Orrice ʒiss. Musk gr. iij. Sugar ℥vj. mix, and make a pouder. It is of use to dis∣solve Tartar in the Lungs, help Coughs, Asthma's, &c. and takes away the stinking of the Mouth or Breath.

Salmon.] § 1. The name of this Recipe is not stranger to me than the reason for which it was given: But that it will do something, is cer∣tain: If you add to it ℥ss. of Tartar Vitriolate▪ it will more compleatly cut tartarous Hu∣mors in the Lungs, or else∣where, and remove Obstru∣ctions which cause Asthma's, Shortness of Breath, &c.

§ 2. The Acid of the Tar∣tar will also in some measure open the Body of the Musk, and makes its redolency so much the greater, by which means it will be much more effectual in curing stinking Breaths.

§ 3. It may be taken ei∣ther alone, or dissolved in Ale, Wine, Water, or o••her

proper pectoral Vehicle: Dose (the Tartar Vitriolate being added to it) à ʒj. ad ʒij. or iij, first in the morning fasting, and last at night go∣ing to Bed.

XLVIII. Corvus Epilepticus; The Antepileptick Crow or Raven.

Bate.] ℞ The greater Crow, deplumate and evisce∣rate it, casting away its Feet and Bill, put into its Belly the Heart, Liver, Lungs, Bladder of the Gall, with Galangal and Aniseeds, A. ℥iv. bake it in a new earthen Vessel well shut or closed in an Oven with House∣hold-Bread; after it is cooled, separate the flesh from the sides, and repeat this Operation of baking the second or third time, but taking great care that it may not be burnt, then reduce it into a fine pouder S. A. Dose ʒj. every day to su••h as are afflicted with the Falling-sickness. It is a fa∣mous Remedy.

Salmon.] § 1. It may be doubtful, what Bird is here intended by our Author, whether it be the Rook▪ common Crow▪ or Raven, the Flesh of all these being repor∣ted by Authors to be good against the Falling-sickness: But if we may make our Conjecture from the Epithite [Majorem] which is added, we positively conclude, that the Corvus Leguminalis, or Rook, cannot be it, because it is the least of all the Crow∣kind; the Doubr then lies between the common Crow and the Raven.

§ 2. Since the Crow and the Raven are each indiffe∣rently called in Latin Corvus, (which is the Term our Au∣thor has used) the former being much the lesser, the lat∣ter much the greater; and since the Crow has a peculiar Name, proper to its singular kind, and cannot be applied to the Raven, viz. Cornix, which he has avoided, and used only the common Name Corvus, (the common Appel∣lation of both kinds, but pro∣per also to the Raven) and since to the common Appel∣lative Corvum he added Ma∣jorem, we may reasonably conclude, That he intended nothing more nor less than our common Raven.

§ 3. That this Recipe is an excellent good thing a∣gainst the Falling-sickness, we doubt not, nor are we willing to question the Au∣thority which has confirmed it, since we know 2 or 3 Ex∣periments which have sealed to the truth thereof.

§ 4. But that there may be a more excellent Compo∣sition than this, we doubt not, and are confident that it may be improved to a grea∣ter advantage: The Compo∣sition in our Seplasium, lib. 6. cap. 21. sect. 11. seems to excel it, which is this: ℞ Of Ravens flesh in pouder (as the former Prescript advises) ʒiij. Viper-pouder ʒj. Native Cin∣nabar ℈j. mix, and make a subtile pouder for two Doses, to be given at night going to Bed.

§ 5. If such be the Vertues of the gross Flesh, what would it be if it was Spagyrically prepared? Since it is the Volatile Salt, Oily parts, and Spirit which performs these things if they were freed and set at liberty from their more gross and terrene parts, which are the Chains which hold the active power of the Con∣crete in Bondage, what might not this so excellent a Medi∣cine perform? Since there∣fore it is the volatile part which performs these things, we will here shew you how to separate them.

§ 6. ℞ A whole Raven gently dried, chop all into bits (Head, Bill, Feathers, Claws, Bones, and Intrails) and put them into an earthen Retort, or a glass well coated, which fix in a Reverberatory Fornace, with a large Receiver, luting well the Juncture; distil first with a very gentle fire to warm the Retort, and bring forth the Flegm drop by drop; when all that is come over augment the fire a little, and the acid Spi∣rits will come, filling the Reci∣pient with white Clouds; en∣crease the fire now to the third degree, so will you have a blackish fetid Oyl, with a vo∣latile Salt sticking partly to the neck of the Retort, and partly to the sides of the Receiver; encrease the fire to the highest degree, and continue it till no more will come forth.

§ 7. Shake all together in the Receiver, to loosen the vo∣latile Salt, and put all (Flegm, Spirit, Oyl, and Salt) into a Matrass or Bolt-head with its Alembick and a small Recei∣ver, luting the Joints with a Bladder met in the Glair of Eggs; distil in sand in a gen∣tle heat, so will the volatile salt ascend pure and white to the top of the Vessel, which se∣parate, and keep in a Glass close stopt for use.

§ 8. The matter remaining in the Matrass filter through brown Paper, so will the flegm and spirit pass, leaving the fe∣tid Oyl at bottom: The spirit you may rectifie by a glass Alem∣bick in B. M. drawing off the

one half thereof; which is the volatile acid Spirit repleat with volatile Salt, casting the other half away.

§ 9. The fetid Oyl you may mix with Colcothar or Bone-ashes, and put it into a Glass Retort coated, and by a distillation in Sand you may rectifie it, and make it very pure, freeing it from its thick blackness.

§ 10. This Salt is one of the best Medicines against Epilepsies, Apoplexies, Palsies, Lethargies, and other Disea∣ses of the Head, Brain, and Nerves, as also against Di∣seases of the Womb, as Va∣pors, Hysterick Fits, Fain∣ting, Swooning, &c. Dose à gr. viij. ad xvj. vel xx. in any proper Vehicle.

§ 11. The Spirit may be∣gin à gut. 10, ad 30, in Water of Lilly-Convally, or the like. And the Oyl is to be smelt to and may also be given in∣wardly against Fits of the Mother, and most Diseases of the Brain and Head, à gut ij. ad iv. being first dropt into Sugar, and then dissolved in the Vehicle you intend to give it in.

§ 12. Modus Ʋtendi. ℞ Conserve of Rosemary-flowers ʒij. Eleosaccharum Citri ℈ss. ad ℈j. volatile Salt of Ravens gr. xvj. mix for a Dose, to be gi∣ven last at night going to Bed, and first in the morning ri∣sing.

XLIX. Crocus Jovis; Saf∣fron of Tin, or Jovial Cro∣cus.

Bate.] Make an Amalga∣ma of Jupiter or Tin ℥ss. and of Mercury ℥iss. from which (evaporating the Mercury) you will have left the Crocus of Jupiter. It is a great Sudo∣rifick. Dose à gr. iv. ad x. It prevails wonderfully a∣gainst the French Pox, Gout, Plague, Suffocation of the Womb, &c. Outwardly it is used against inveterate Ul∣cers, Cancers, Fistula's, &c.

Salmon.] § 1. You must first melt your Tin by it self, then add your Mercury, stir∣ring them about continually, till such time as they are throughly mixed together: This done, you may abstract your Mercury by a Retort in Sand, for otherwise by an open evaporation it would be all lost.

§ 2. It is a Specifick against Diseases of the Womb, par∣ticularly such as proceed from Obstruction, Wind, Vapors, and the like.

§ 3. You may use it thus. ℞ Conserve of Peony-flowers ʒij. Crocus of Jupiter gr. viij.

Filings of Horse-hoofs gr. vj. mix for a Dose, to be given at night going to Bed. Or thus: ℞ Mithridate ʒj. Cro∣cus of Jupiter gr. x. or xij. Salt of Harts-horn gr. vj. mix for a Dose, to be given as aforesaid.

L. Crocus Veneris; Saf∣fron of Venus or Cop∣per.

Bate.] It is made by re∣verberation of the Vitriol of Venus, S. A. It is Diuretick▪ Anticolick, Uterine, and a Febrifuge. Dose gr. x.

Salmon.] § 1. Lemery makes a Crocus of Copper after this manner: ℞ Copper calcin••d S. S. S. with Sulphur, q. v. heat it red-hot in a Cru∣cible, and cast it red-hot into a Pot of Linseed Oyl, contai∣ning so much as may overtop it four inches, (covering the Pot immediately, for otherwise it would take fire) in which let it lye till it is nearly cold: Take the Copper again, and heat it red-hot, extinguishing it as aforesaid; which Work repeat nine several times, so will you have a Copper well purified: Calcine it once again, to con∣sume the Oyl, and make it into pouder, so have you the Crocus of Venus.

§ 2. The chief use of this Preparation of Lemery is ex∣ternal, being detersive, and of good effects to eat away the proud Flesh of Wounds and Ulcers, and remove the Cal∣losity of Fistula's.

§ 3. Le Febur makes it of Copper calcin'd S. S. S. with Sulphur, till at becomes spongy, and brittle as Glass, and red when ground to pouder, which pouder he reverberates for 24 hours, and repeats the Reverbe∣ration three times, by which means he has a very red and open Crocus, and a fit Ingre∣dient for Salves and Plai∣sters.

§ 4. But the Crocus of the Vitriol of Venus he thus makes. ℞ Vitriol of Venus lbj. put it into a Cucurbit, place it in a close Reverberatory, and fit to it a large Recipient, which be∣ing exactly luted, give a gra∣dual fire, and keep it 48 hours with Coals; then after this use very dry Wood, to give it the last degree of flaming fire, for the space of 12 hours, so will you be sure to have extracted the Flegm, Volatile Spirit, Acid and Corrosive Spirit or Oyl of the Vitriol of Venus, and in the bottom of the Retort an astrin∣gent Crocus high and subtile, called also Caput Mortuum of the Vitriol of Venus.

§ 5. Some order the cal∣cination of this Vitriol to be done in a Crucible, to reduce it to a Crocus; but why should one lose the Cost and Pains, and the best Substance and most full of Vertue, which must necessarily be, if the Work be done in a Cru∣cible? for all that is found in the Recipient after distilla∣tion, will exhale in the open Air; and the Crocus made by distillation will not be in∣ferior, but rather superior, better and purer than that made in a Crucible.

§ 6. And if all the Liquor be rectified in Ashes or Sand, and drawn off to dryness, without any distinction or se∣paration of Substances, it will be a specifical Spirit, good against cephalick and uterine Diseases, being mixt in Ju∣laps or Apozems to a plea∣sant acidity, or used in the or∣dinary Drink of the Patient.

§ 7. But as to the Crocus, it is an infallible Remedy to stop bleeding in any part, outward or inward, and to dry and cicatrize Wounds and Ulcers.

§ 8. It is also a Specifick internally applied in Opiates, and externally by Injection, for the cure of Gonorrhoea's and heat of Urine, and an excellent Remedy against immoderate looseness of the Belly, Dysenteries, Lienteries, and spitting or pissing of Blood, if it be exhibited à gr. vj. ad xv. vel xx. in Conserve of Roses, the Patient being purged beforehand with a Tincture of Rheubarb, or of Rheubarb and Sena made with Endive and Succory-water.

§ 9. Marggrave makes it in all respects as Le Febur, putting the Vitriol into a glass Retort, but distils in Sand with a fire of the third degree for 5 or 6 hours, or till no more will come forth: This Caput Mortuum he edulcorates by se∣veral times washing it in fair warm Water, then dries it and keeps it for use. Collect. Chym. cap. 497.

§ 10. And if you abstract or evaporate this Water to dryness, you will have at bot∣tom a Salt of Venus, or of the Vitriol of Venus, which is the true Gilla Theophrasti, which as some think, is not to be gi∣ven but to strong Bodies.

§ 11. Zwelfer Mantiss. Spagyr. par. 1. cap. 4. saith, That the Caput Mortuum left after the distillation of the Spirit of Venus, having an exsiccating and astringing Vertue, profitable for the drying of Ulcers, which

abound with a flux of Hu∣mors.

§ 12. Charras has a Sul∣phur of Venus for external uses, thus made: ℞ Filings or thin Plates of Copper, and cal∣cine per se, in a Fornace of Re∣verberation to redness. Or thus: ℞ Thin plates of Cop∣per, which lay in an earthen Vessel or Crucible S. S. S. with decripitated Salt in fine pouder, which reverberate to redness, then quench them in Water, and cleanse them well with Iron Brushes; repeat the calcina∣tion S. S. S. with decripitated Salt three times, so will you have a very red Crocus Veneris, which wash well and reduce into fine pouder for external uses.

§ 13. Or thus: Dissolve Copper in A. F. or Spirit of Nitre, abstract the Spirit by distillation, so will the Crocus be at bottom in a red pouder, which wash, dry, and keep for use. Or else precipitate the Dissolution, by putting in a thin plate of Iron, and pouring hot Water upon it, the Dissolvent lets fall a red pouder, which, says Charras, is to be kept as a true Crocus Veneris. But it is chiefly for external uses, as that of Le Febur at § 3. afore, being not so fit to take in∣wardly.

§ 14. Hartman in his Notes upon Beguinus, set the Prescript of Calcining with Salt, to Charras; but he says, it ought to be by degrees, and gently calcin'd, and then at last the Calx being freed from the saline Particles by boiling Water, the Crocus Ve∣neris will remain at bottom of a most red colour, like Blood.

§ 15. Schroder Cements Plates of Venus S. S. S. with common Salt and Tartar, which says Hofman, for its mighty power of consolida∣ting, is commended to dry up and heal old Sores and Ulcers; but it succeeds not, being calcin'd with Tartar alone: the Tartar must be joyn'd in equal proportion with either Salt or Sulphur, and then laid S. S. S. in order for the Cementation, &c.

LI. Diacreta; Pouder of Chalk Compound.

Bate.] ℞ White Chalk four times wash'd in Violet-water ℥j. Liquorice, Quince∣seeds, Crabs-eyes, A. ℥ss. Nut∣megs, stone of a Carps-head, A. ʒij. Pearl, Red Coral, A. ʒss. Saffron, Mace a little torrified, A. ℈ss. mix, and make a subtile pouder. It prevails wonder∣fully

in Pains of the Stomach. quenches Thirst, and removes the Cause of the Evil. Dose ʒj.

Salmon.] § 1. The Chalk ought to be levigated, so also the Crabs-eyes, the Stone of a Carps-head, the Pearl and Co∣ral, and that by the help of Violet or Damask-Rose-water.

§ 2. The Liquorice ought to be in a very subtile and fine Pouder, so also the Saffron, Mace, and Nutmegs; but how the Quince-seeds will be reduced as they should be, I know not.

§ 3. If you have not pure Chalk, you may in place thereof take Terra Sigillata, of the white kind, which will do full as well, if not bet∣ter.

§ 4. This Remedy prepa∣red with the Terra Sigillata, I have given many times in Pains of the Stomach, (so ve∣hement, as to be beyond al∣most all manner of expression) but never without Success, for those Pains being commonly caused from the biting of the Acid Humor, this Pouder be∣ing an Alcali, absorbs the Acid, and so delivers the Sick. Dose à ʒss. ad ʒij.

LII. Diatartarum; Pouder of Tartar Compound.

Bate.] ℞ Rosin of Scam∣mony, Tartar Vitriolate, A. ℥j. Turbeth, Hermodacts, A. ℥ss. Oyls of Cinnamon and Cloves, A. gr. xij. mix, and make a pouder. Dose à ℈j. ad ℈iv.

Salmon.] § 1. How the Rosin of Scammony is made, you may see in our Pharmac. Londinensis, lib. 1. cap. 8. sect. 68. as also in our Doron Medicum, lib. 2. cap. 9. sect. 2. where you may have its Ver∣tues, Uses, and Dose.

§ 2. The Tartar Vitriolate is thus made: ℞ Pure white Salt of Tartar melted per deli∣quium q. v. put it into a large and high glass Cucurbit, where there may be room enough for the Ebulition, and affuse there∣on the Spirit or Oyl of Vitriol, which do gradatim stirring the mixture from time to time, the better to unite them well; con∣tinue to pour in the Spirit or Oyl, so long as there is any Ebu∣lition, and when that ceases give over, for that is a sure sign that the fixt Salt and acid Spirit have sufficiently penetrated and satiated one another, and are mixed in their due proportion; then place the Cucurbit in a gentle

sand-heat, and evaporate the superfluous humidity to a Pel∣licle, and set it to crystalize, or otherwise evaporate to dryness, and the Tartar Vitriolate will remain at bottom purely white.

§ 3. Or thus: ℞ Pure, white, dry Salt of Tartar in pouder, put it into the bottom of the glass Cucurbit, and gently pour upon it as much good Spirit or Oyl of Vitriol as it can suck up, forbearing to pour any more when you see the Ebulition ceases, so will you have Tartar vitriolated, very white and dry, and without any superfluous moisture, and fit for your occasion.

§ 4. The Turbith ought to be resinous, and the Hermo∣dacts pure and white, which are to be reduced into Pou∣der by beating in an Iron Mortar, adding a few drops of Oyl of sweet Almonds, to keep them from sticking to the bottom of the Mortar, &c.

§ 5. It is a general Purge, and carries off all Humors by Stool chiefly, being an ex∣cellent thing against the Scurvy, Dropsie, Gout, Jaun∣dice, King's-Evil, Pox, and Obstructions of the Womb: It is to be taken in the morn∣ing fasting, drinking after it warm Broth or Posset-drink, and avoiding the taking cold as much as may; with Ob∣servations as in other Pur∣ges.

LIII. * Diatrachia; Pouder of Wind-pipes Compound.

Bate.] ℞ The Wind-pipes of Sheep cleansed and dryed in an Oven ℥iv. Wind-pipes of Capons in like manner prepa∣red ℥iij. Ivory rasped A. ℥ij. Sea-horse Tooth rasped ℥iss. mix and make a subtile pouder, ad∣ding Sugar of Roses ℥viij. mix them well. Dose ʒj. thrice a day, with Syrup of Comfrey; it prevails wonderfully against incontinency of Urine.

Salmon.] § 1. In my opi∣nion, after the cleansing and gently drying of the Wind∣pipes, those and all the rest of the Ingredients will be best reduced into Pouder, by a Philosophical Calcination, by the Vapors of distilled Wa∣ters in distillation, exactly in the same manner as you per∣form the Philosophical Calci∣nation of Harts-horn, which you may see in its place.

§ 2. Considering the In∣tention of the Medicine, I think it convenient to add white Henbane-seeds ℥xij. be∣cause this simple thing alone has a strange and admirable

Vertue for performing Cures o•• that kind: And I have cu∣••••d three or four several per∣••ons of a pissing of Bed, who had had it from their Infan∣cy for fourteen or fifteen years, and some of them for sixteen or seventeen years to∣gether, without being able to obtain any Remedy be∣fore it was administred.

sect; 3. And with the same simple thing I have cured se∣veral of a Diabetes, when sup∣posed incurable, and given over, after using very much other means: For these Rea∣sons it is that I think it ne∣cessary that this Ingredient should be added.

§ 4. And with the white Henbane-seeds ℥xij. I would have added Catechu, Jesuite's Bark, A. ℥iv. by which means the Remedy will be∣come more absolute, and so transcendently answer the in∣tention, as that the Disease being once cured by the use thereof, it will never be in danger of returning any more. Dose à ʒss. ad ʒiss. thrice a day, as directed.

LIV. * Elleborus albus prepa∣ratus; White Hellebor prepared.

Bate.] It is done by affu∣sing the Water impregnated with Spirit or Oil of Vitriol, after the dissolution of Coral upon the Root reduced into pouder, digesting for 24 hours and drying it, and repeating the woik thrice. Dose à ℈ss. ad ʒss.

Salmon.] § 1. It is the nature of Acids to destroy the emetick power of any mixture whatsoever; and if they will do it in Antimo∣nial Preparattons, as the Correction of Mercurius Vitae, much more may it be suppo∣sed to be done in meer Vege∣table ••roductions.

§ 2. And therefore as Ve∣getables are more porous, and apt for dissolution, than Metals or Minerals, so a weaker Acid may be employ∣ed in the performance of that Work; for if the strongest Acids (or Oils of Vitriol or Sulphur, &c.) were made use of, they would totally ener∣vate and destroy all the Fa∣culties and Operation of the Vegetable Mixt they should be applied to.

§ 3. This Preparation is safe enough, and in many will work only downwards; but in some weak Stomachs, and where the Tone of the Viscera is debilitated or de∣stroyed, it will (notwithstand∣ing all this preparation) work upwards.

§ 4. In this case the Dose ought to be a little larger, for this proportion will only make sick, and scarcely in∣duce Vomiting, whereby the Patient will truly be made more sick and out of order (for want of its due Opera∣tion) than if a larger Dose was given.

§ 5. It is designed against Melancholy, and all the Ef∣forts of a Manical Dispositi∣on of the Mind: it removes Vapors, and helps Obstructi∣ons of the Spleen and Hypo∣chonders, restoring Reason and the Imagination to their right Stations and Habitudes.

§ 6. If you give it only as Cathartick, use it thus. ℞ Jallap, Scammony, Ana, gr. vj. Of the prepared Hellebor à gr. x. ad xx. mix for a Dose.

§ 7. Or thus▪ Make an In∣fusion of ℥ss. of Sena in half a Pint of White-wine, strain out, then add the Hellebor à ℈ss. ad ʒss. for one Dose to be taken in the morning fasting against Melancholy.

§ 8. If you design it for a Vomit, you may give it either Per se, in any proper Vehicle, a gr. 15. ad ℈ij. Or thus compounded. ℞ White Hellebor prepared à ℈ss. ad ʒss. Tartar Emetick a gr. i. ad ij. mix for a Dose to be given in the morning fasting with all the precautions of a Vomit.

LV. * Ens Veneris, The Ens or being of Venus.

Bate.] ℞ The Vitriol of Mars, well reverberated and washt, p. j. Sal-Armoniack, p. ij. mix and sublime accord∣ing to Art, with three Coho∣bations. It is an Anodyn, and pacifier: of admirable use in the Rickets, and to kill Worms in Children. It prevails against the Pleurisie, and Hysterick Fits. It also opens Obstructions, &c. Dose, à gr. iiij. ad xij.

Salmon.] § 1. This is ra∣ther Ens Martis, or Ens Vi∣trioli Martis than Ens Veneris for as much as it is only Sal-Armoniack sublimed from the Reverberated Vitriol of Mars, or the Caput Mortuum of the Vitriol after the Distillation of the Oil.

§ 2. It may also be made by subliming the Sal-Armoni∣ack from the Reverberated Crocus Martis, and it will be no ways inferior to the for∣mer.

§ 3. And from these Flow∣ers edulcorated, you may ex∣tract a Tincture with S. V. and then drawing off the S. V. you will have an Essence of Vi∣triol at Bottom: This as Kesler says will precipitate Mercury.

§ 4. It may also be done thus. ℞ Sal-Armoniack pou∣dred, filings of Iron, Ana: mix them well and sublime from Sand; so the faeces will be left at bottom, and the Sal-Armoniack will ascend pure, impregnated with some of the Iron: mix these Flowers with the Caput Mort▪ again well, and sublime as before, and the Flowers will contain more of the Essence of the Steel, and this work repeat four times at least.

§ 5. By this means as the opening force of the Steel will be much sharpned by the Sal-Armoniack, so the Sal-Arm. will more plentifully draw to it self the Martial Essence, by which means the Medicament will be more successful in Quartans, Hypo∣chondriack Diseases, the Scur∣vy, and Hysterick Dispositi∣ons, and perfectly remove the Crudities of the Stomach, being drank in Wormwood-Wine, or other appropriate Liquor. Dose à gr. v. ad x.

§ 6. But here is to be no∣ted, that if the Sal-Arm. be sublimed from filings of Steel or Iron, the sublimed Matter will be but little, or in small quantity; but if you sublime with a Gad of Iron, the Salt will ascend of a yellowish red colour.

§ 7. Or thus. ℞ Caput Mort. of Vitriol from which the Salt is drawn, mix it with an equal quantity of Sal-Armon. And sublime it with a gradual Fire, till it ascends or smoaks no more, Basil.

§ 8. ℞ The Caput Mor∣tuum of dried Vitriol, Sal-Armoniack in fine Pouder, A. mix them well in an Iron Mortar: put all into an Ear∣then Cucurbit, and sublime in an open fire, so long as any thing will ascend, which will be done in a few hours; the yellowish red Flowers gather carefully, and keep them with∣out. edulcoration for use.

§ 9. These Flowers (says Marggrave) contain the Ano∣dyn Sulphur of Venus; which if edulcorated with fair Wa∣ter, and reposed for some days will fall to the bottom in a very red Pouder, which

Pouder Helmont knew how to bring to the sweetness of Sugar, and appropriated it to the prolongation of Life.

§ 10. Or thus from the same Marggrave. ℞ The red edulcorated Earth of Vitriol, Sal-Armoniack. A. lbss. make each apart into fine Pouder, which mix well, and sublime a before: the Flowers separate from the head with fair water; evaporate the water to dryness, with a very gentle fire, and in the bottom will remain the flowers of a very red colour, composed of the Sal-Armo∣niack and the Sulphur of Vi∣triol.

§ 11. This Sulphur (if you so please) you may separate from the Sal-Armoniack, if you digest the flowers with Al∣cohal of Wine, which is after∣wards to be decanted, and eva∣porated, so will the pure Sul∣phur of Vitriol remain at bot∣tom.

§ 12. It serves for many elaborate Arcanums of Chy∣mists, and is called Ens pri∣••••um Veneris (but then I pre∣sume it ought to be made of the Caput Mort. of the Vi∣triol of Venus) but is a chief Ingredient of the Lapis But∣leri apud Helmontium, cujus descriptio in Helmontij libro Butl••r dicto, extat.

§ 13 This Ens Veneris, or ra∣ther Vitriolum Martis, power∣fully opens Obstructions, and cures not only the Rickets (for which it is an approved Remedy) Pleurisie, &c. but it is found to be a singular thing to cure Consumptions in old or young, and to root out the Kings-Evil, tho' com∣plicated with other Diseases; and indeed to eradicate ma∣ny other Chronick Diseases, not to be prevailed upon with other Remedies.

LVI. Febrifugum Riverij, Riverius his Fever-fright∣er.

Bate.] ℞ Flowers of An∣timony thrice thrice sublimed with Sal-Armoniack, and edulcora∣ted, Glass of Antimony pre∣cipitated (in ℥iiij. of A. F. made of Nitre and Alum) Ana ℥ss. Mercury precipitate in A. F. (made from Nitre, Vi∣triol, and Alum) ℥vj. Sol (dis∣solved in Aqua Regis) ℥j. mix, and distil by a Retort grada∣tim to dryness, with twelve Cohobations: to the Pouder five times washed and dryed, add the Alcohol of the S. V. lbij. distil by a new Retort, cohobating six times: decant off at last the S. V. and put the Mass at bottom into a Cru∣cible,

well luted in a fire of Rotation for three hours, then affuse there on the afore di∣stilled S. V. which burn off, S. A. Dose gr. vj. ad xx. with an equal quantity of Scammony sulphurated, &c.

Salmon.] § 1. Rolfincius Chym. Lib. 5. Sect. 6. Cap. 12. gives us the Recipe and it seems as if he was the first Man which brought it to light: however his Process something differs from this of our Author, which you may take as follows.

§ 2. ℞ Leaf-gold ℥ss. dis∣solve it in A. R. Glass of An∣timony ℥ss. dissolved in A. F. Quick-silver ℥iij. dissolved in A. F. mix these Sollutions to∣gether, and distil by an Alem∣bick, with twelve Cohobati∣ons: at last to the Pouder left in the bottom put S. V. which abstract from it six times, then calcine it upon a Tile, or in a Crucible, in a Circulary fire; so have you one of the best Remedies for an Ague yet known, chiefly for Ter∣tians and Quartans.

§ 3. And he gives it thus. ℞ Of this Powder six grains; Scammony 12 grains, mix for a Dose to be given in the Morning the day before the Fit; or in the morning the same day, if the fit falls out towards night.

§ 4. But the Recipe of our Author is doubtless the best, and that which agrees most with the Mind of the Riveri∣us, if not the true thing it self: however it is the same with that in the Arcana Ri∣verij, published since his death, and adjoined to his Works in Folio, as you may see, pag. 601.

§ 5. But this is in the Ar∣cana, which is not here in our Text, viz. That the Glass of Antimony be pellucid and hyacinthine: that the Mer∣cury be such as is revi∣ved from Cinnabar: and that the Pouder be washed with some Cordial water: Lastly, That the Dose of it is à gr. vj. ad x. (in the Folio Impression) ad gr. xx. (in the Impression of Twelves) mixt with Rosin of Scammony, or Scammony sulphurated, à gr. xiij. ad gr. 25. according to strength.

§ 6. Or thus. ℞ Of this Pouder gr. vj. Scammony gr. ix. Gambogia, gr. v. Rosin of Ja∣lap gr. iij. mix for a Dose to be given in the morning fast∣ing, or six hours before the Fit.

LVII. Flores Antimonii; Flowers of Antimony.

Bate.] Sublime Antimony with a strong Fire, either perse, or mixed with Sand, or calcined Tartar; the very white Flowers gather and keep them for use. They some∣times provoke Vomiting. Dose gr. 2. ad 4. they are also sudorisick.

Salmon.] § 1. We have explained the whole Process at large in our Pharmacopoeia Londinensis, Lib. 3. cap. 8. Sect. 75. with several Obser∣vations thereon, so that no more need be said of that Method in this place.

§ 2. But since there are other methods and ways of doing it, and that that Book may not be at some times in the Reader's Hand, we shall here deliver other Processes from variety of Authors.

§ 3. ℞ Pouder of Crude Antimony, put it into an ear∣then Still, set it deep in Sand, fit an Alembick with a Neck and Receiver to it, or add three or four Necks one within ano∣ther, make a gradual Fire, not too strong, nor too weak; If you order the Fire aright you will have white, yellow, and red Flowers; and Flegm in the Receiver. Thus Schroder from Sennertus.

§ 4. Now here is to be noted, That Beguinus uses Stibium or Glass of Antimony in fine Pouder instead of Crude Antimony, but in my Opinion the latter may do well enough; and he sublimes by degrees of fire, ten or twelve hours, whereby he raises the white Flowers; and twenty four hours to raise the yellow Flowers: and thirty six hours by which he raises the red Flowers, the fire being all the time con∣tinued and augmented.

§ 5. This Sublimation says the Commentator on Be∣guinus may be commodiously done in a short time, from an Earthen Cucurbit with a gentle fire from Crude Anti∣mony in Pouder, observing Schroder's Directions, which are,

§ 6. That the Cucurbit may may have a pipe in its side, by which you may cast in the Pouder of the Antimony, by degrees with a Spoon or other fit Instrument, and so fired by degrees.

§ 7. That the Cucurbit be set oblique in the Furnace, that the Tube may ascend perpendicular.

§ 8. That you may sublime in a wind Fornace, and mix with Antimony ℥ij. Sand ℥iij. Others mix Pouder of Char∣cole with the antimony, and draw forth the Sulphur, a blew Matter remaining at bottom, in which is the Mercury of Antimony.

§ 9. That a little hole be in the top of the Alembick, and this you must observe, or you will do all in vain.

§ 10. The Receiver should have a Hole or Canale into ano∣ther Receiver, through which the Acid flegm may fall, for if there be not a hole for the Wind to go forth, your labour will be in vain.

§ 11. If you govern the fire rightly says Hofman, you will have three kinds of Flowers, viz: white, yellow, and red, according to the diversity of the Instruments.

§ 12. These red Flowers of Antimony are not to be used in Physick, unless they be first Corrected, as Glukradius right∣ly affirms; and the white Flo∣wers, if they be circulated with S. V. loose their eme∣tick Property, and work on∣ly by Stool, Beguinus.

§ 13. Le Mort makes them thus. Take a tubulated Re∣tort with a long and wide Neck which being red-hot, cast into it by degrees in small Spoonfuls Antimony in Pouder; and with a Pair of Bellows blow so that the humid Mat∣ter may be forced into the Receiver: when the fumes cease put in more Antimony, and this continue so long, till you have a quantity suffi∣cient.

§ 14. Where note, That without the Bellows, the Flowers would rise, but more slowly; and that being done in this manner, almost all the Antimony will ascend in flowers, except a little only remaining at bottom. That the Fire be the more strong. otherwise the Operation will be hindred, and the Flowers will scarcely ascend. That you beware of the fumes, for they are commonly mor∣tal.

§ 15. The Action of these Flowers vary according to their colour and fixity the whitest and lightest work by Vomit and Stool, violently enough, and are given, à gr. j. ad iv. The yellow Flow∣ers says Le Mort do the same more gently, and therefore he gives them, à gr. ij. ad vi.

§ 16. But in this I fear he was mistaken, for if you will believe Thibaut, he affirms, That the white contain no∣thing of the Venomous Sul∣phur

of the Antimony, but a good quantity of the Volatile Salt, and therefore are of its colour; provoking Sweat, and sometimes Vomiting, à gr. iij. ad vij. The yellow contain a little of the said Sulphur, and are therefore somewhat tinged, containing a part of the Body of the Regulus, and a little of the Volatile Salt; these provoke vomiting with violence. The red Flowers abound much with the said malignant Sul∣phur, and are therefore high∣ly died; these cause Vomi∣ting with Convulsions, and many times the Death of the Patient, and therefore are no ways to be given inwardly till corrected.

§ 17. These red Flowers says Le Mort, sticking to the Neck are easily fixed into a Sudorifick Pouder with Spi∣rit of Nitre, and then they may be given in some pro∣per Bolus, à gr. iv. ad x.

§ 18. But if any of the kinds of Flowers be used un∣corrected, it is much better to use their Infusion in Wine, than their Substance because of their Violence. One of the late Duke of Buckin∣gham's Servants was killed with a single Dose of them, gi∣ven by an Outlandish Physician: he was a young lusty Man, and as strong and likely to live as any Man in London, but the fatal Dose being given he ne∣ver ceased Vomiting till he died, and the Vomiting was accompanied with dreadful Convulsions. The Duke sent for me, but too late, I came so as to see the miserable Object alive, but 'twas so wretched a sight as my Eyes never beheld before, and in a few hours af∣ter he expired. As I remem∣ber he was the Porter at the Gate at Wallingford House.

§ 19. Rolfincius Chym. Lib. 5. Sect. 6. Cap. 2. Makes them thus. ℞ Choice Hunga∣rian Antimony lbj. pouder it and put it into a Cucurbit with its Aludel, or two or three Earthen-pots superimposed, the uppermost of which let it have a small hole in its top, for so the Flowers will the more free∣ly ascend, but without it with some difficulty; increase the Fire to the second degree, and gather the Flowers.

§ 20. These saith he purge vehemently by Vomit, and therefore are not to be given alone without correction: they are rarely given, be∣cause much safer Vomits, are commonly near at hand.

§ 21. Lemery makes them thus, ℞ A good unglazed Earthen-pot, with a ho•••••• in its side (about the ••••dd•••• ••f

its height) and a stopple to it, set it in a Furnace of an equal proportion, and fit to it three Pots more of the same Earth, all open at the bottom, and fill a Glass-head to the uppermost Pot, without any Receiver (for there is no Liquor to fall into it, so that a blind head might do.) Lute the Junctures well, and let the Fire transpire only through some little holes, and be but strong enough to warm the bottom of the lowermost Pot, then give fire gradatim to heat this Pot, by little and little till it is red hot; which done cast into it a small Spoon∣ful of Antimony through the hole, and stir the Matter at the bottom of the Pot with a crooked Iron Spatula, which presently draw out, and stop the hole, so will the Flowers rise and stick in the upper Pots: Continue a great Fire, that the Pot may still remain red hot, and when you see no∣thing more sublime, cast in so much more Antimony doing as before: this casting in repeat through the hole, so long till you have Flowers enough: let the fire go out, and when cold unlute the Vessels, and you'll find the Flowers all about the three upper Pots and the Head, ga∣ther them together with a Fea∣ther, and keep them in a Vial for use.

§ 22. These Flowers says he are powerfully Emetick, and given in Quartan-Agues and other intermitting Fe∣vers, and in the Falling-sick∣ness: Dose à gr. ij. ad vj. in Lozenges or Broth.

§ 23. In this Preparation we ought to have room e∣nough; otherwise the Flow∣ers of Antimony being forced by the Fire, would be apt to break the Vessel for want of room to move in; and this is the Reason why so ma∣ny Pots are thus placed one upon another.

§ 24. Le Febure makes them wholly after the same Method, with three or four Pots, but without a Glass-head, the uppermost having a hole of an Inch diameter, which he as need requires stops with a piece of Clay, and at the end of your Ope∣ration you will find the Anti∣mony sublimed in gray, white, yellow, and sometimes red Flowers, according to the management of the Fire.

§ 25. These Flowers (says he) are not much in use, by reason of their violent Ope∣ration, for they are properly the Sulphur of the Antimony; but they are fit to prepare o∣ther Remedies after due cor∣rection. They may never∣theless be administred à gr. ij.

ad iv. in Conserve of Roses; or make an Infusion of them in White-wine.

§ 26. But to make these Flowers more gentle you must sublime thus. ℞ Pou∣der of Regulus of Antimony (which is already deprived of most part of its impure Sul∣phur) pouder of pure Sal-Ar∣moniack A lbss. mix and put them into a Glass-body in Sand cover it with its Head, and a fit Receiver, lute the Junctures, and give five till all is ascended; so will you have Flowers of a yellow Colour, which edulco∣rate by washing and keep for use.

§ 27. These are much gentler than the former, and are gi∣ven to lunatick or mad Peo∣ple, such as are melancholy, or are afflicted with Quar∣tan-Agues. Dose à gr. ij. ad vj. in Conserve of Roses, or in an Infusion in Wine or Ale.

§ 28. In this Operation, the Sal-Armoniack carries a∣long with it, the purest Sul∣phur and Mercury of the An∣timony.

§ 29. You may also put the simple Flowers ℥iij. with pure Nitre ℥iv. into a cruci∣ble in the open Fire, and edul∣corate them afterwards, then digest them with S.V. for five∣teen days, and deflagrating the Spirit, you will have a diapho∣retical Pouder of excellent use for purifying the Blood, being given à gr. vj. ad vij.

§ 30. The Correction of Flow∣ers of Antimony. ℞ Pure white and subtil Flowers ℥j. Salt of Tartar of Sennertus ℥jss. mix and put them into a good Cru∣cible, and with a strong Fire melt them in a Wind-fornace, so will they turn to ared lump: reduce it to a Pouder in a hot Mortar, adding to it a dissol∣luble magistery of Pearl and Coral, A. ℥ijss. put all into a Matress and affuse thereon S. V. aromatiz'd with Spices) so much as to overtop it four Inches: cover the Matress with a blind Head, and digest in a Sand heat for three days, after which abstract the S. V. in B. M. so will you have a well cor∣rected and pleasant Antimony, which keep in a Vial well stopt for use, for otherwise in the Air it would melt.

§ 31. Dose à gr. iv. ad xvj. in some proper Vehicle, against all inveterate Diseases chiefly against the strongest and most stubborn Impressi∣ons of Melancholy, inter∣mitting Fevers or Agues, and all kinds of Obstructions: it works variously, according to the Matter it meets with in the Stomach; for it some∣times

provokes Vomiting, but not always; it also purges by Stool and Urine, but its chief Operation is by insen∣sible transpiration, for by irradiation, and emanation of its Vertue, it strengthens all the Natural digestions, and causes the internal Archaeus to drive away or expel from the Center to the Circumfe∣rence all the obstructing Par∣ticles, and whatsoever is de∣structive or hurtful to the Health, Life, and Welfare of the humane Frame.

§ 32. Lemery has also red Flowers of Antimony, which are chiefly the more Sulphu∣rous parts of the Antimony rarified by fire. ℞ Antimo∣ny in Pouder lbj. common Glass in pouder lbiv. mix and put them into a coated Glass Re∣tort, so as it may be but half full, set in a Reverberatory Furnace, fit to it a large Re∣ceiver, luting the Juncture, give fire at first but to warm the Retort, and augment it gradatim, so will red Flowers come forth into the Receiver, continue the fire till all is come forth, then gather the Flowers and keep them for use.

§ 33. These are more e∣metick than any of the for∣mer, and are to be used with much caution; but the safest way is first to correct them as is before taught. The red colour proceeds from the great quantity of Sulphur with which they are so add∣ed.

§ 34. In taking these Flow∣ers of Antimony, or any other Antimonial Emetick, you ought often to drink Broth or Posset-drink, both to fa∣cilitate the Vomiting, and dull the activity of the Me∣dicine: but because it some∣times happens that Antimo∣nial Pouders sticking on the Membranes or Tunicles of the Stomach, or some of its folds, does cause a continual Vomiting, notwithstanding the continual use of Broths, you must then add the Cream of Tartar, and dissolve it in the Broth scalding hot, and which is so hot to be taken a quarter of a Pint at a time, every quarter of an Hour; so the Acid of the Tartar joyn∣ing with the Sulphur of the Antimony, fixes them, and so stops the Vomiting, making the remaining part of the Opera∣tion by Stool.

§ 35. Lemery has also a∣nother Preparation of Flow∣ers of Antimony, which you may see at large at Sect. XXIV. § 25. and 26. of this Chap∣ter afore-going being subli∣med with Nitre; these Flowers will not be so eme∣tick

as others tho' unwasht, because the Acid of the Nitre which arises with them, hin∣ders their activity.

§ 36. And as you make Flowers from the Regulus with Sal-Armoniack, at § 26. a∣bove, so also may you make Flowers from the Glass of Antimony, and from Crocus Metallorum and Regulus Mar∣tis having the same Vertues with those Flowers from the Regulus aforesaid. These Flowers, says Rolfincius purge 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, sursum & deorsum, upwards and down∣wards.

§ 37. Charras makes his Flowers after Lemery's Me∣thod, whether simple or mixt, with Nitre, or Sal-Armoniack; save that in su∣bliming with Sal-Armoniack, he takes double the quantity or weight of Salt to the quan∣tity or weight of Antimony, whether it be Crude Antimo∣ny, Vitrum, Crocus, or Regu∣lus.

§ 38. And he affirms, that the diversity which happens to Flowers of Antimony in several or the same Prepara∣tions or Sublimations, as to their colours being white, yellow, or red, in respect to their vomitive or purgative Qualities may be used all alike, provided they be well washt or dulcified: And (says he) sometimes a Grain of these Flowers is mixed a∣mong other Purgatives, or with Mercurius dulcis upon certain occasions; for ser∣ving as a Spur to those Re∣medies with which it is mixt, it assists their activity, work∣ing only downwards.

§ 39. Zwelfer's Method (which is that which Le Mort seems to imitate) is thus. Get a Retort made al∣most like a Ball or Globe, ha∣ving two Pipes more on each side of the middle, place it in a proper Furnace (see the Fi∣gure) and kindle under it a fire sufficient to melt the An∣timony, which put in by one of the Pipes, fitting a Re∣ceiver to the other Pipe, ha∣ving a little hole in its hinder part, and when the Vapours begin to appear in the Recipi∣ent, blow gently with a small pair of Bellows into the oppo∣site Pipe to the Recipient, so will the Vapours forced there into, condense there, in Flow∣ers, Mantis. Spagyr. Cap. 6, and 8, pag. 817, 833.

§ 40. Margrave prepares the Flowers thus. ℞ Crude Antimony in pouder ℥iij. put it into a Glass Cucurbit with its head, on which affuse Spi∣rit of Nitre Bezoardick, or Aqua Regia for the dissolving

of Antimony ℥ix. or xij. or so much till the Effervescence ceases: shake the Glass till they are well mingled, cover it with its head till (which a great Effervescence and Ebu∣lition) the Antimony in the bottom of the Glass is reduced into a very white Substance: then by affusion of a great quantity of Water precipitate the whole Mass, so will the Water become milky, and a yellow pouder (which is an in∣flamable Sulphur of Antimo∣ny) precipitate to the bottom: decant immediately this white water from the said Pouder, and let it rest till the white∣ness settles to the bottom; de∣caut off the clear water; and so the white Matter left at bottom affuse more fair Wa∣ter, and edulcorate it by many washings: then filter through brown Paper, and the white Coagulum left behind dry by a gentle fire, and make into fine Pouder, which keep for use.

§ 41. These are called the white fixed Flowers of Anti∣mony; and they purge by Stool only, and that gently, and not by Vomit, from which Operation they are called fixed. Dose gr. iij. or iv.

§ 42. Lastly, Maët's pre∣pares them thus. ℞ Flowers of Antimony fixed by a con∣tinued flame into the highest redness; Sal-Armeniack Ana. mix and sublime them toge∣ther; so will a part of the Flowers ascend: to that re∣mains in the bottom add Sal-Armoniack Ana. and sublime as before, continue this Work till the greatest part of the Flowers are sublimed with the Salt. gather the Flowers to∣gether, and edulcorate them by much washing with fair water.

§ 43. They have the Ver∣tues of all the other, but are accounted safer, and may be given à gr. j. ad iv. They also serve for the Prepara∣tion of the Essence of Anti∣mony.

LVIII. Flores Antimonii Dia∣phoretici; Sweating Flow∣ers of Antimony.

Bate.] They are made of Antimony sprinkled with Oil of Sulphur, and calcined in a close Crucible, S. A. They have the same Vertues with the former.

Salmon.] § 1. You have the Process more at large in Sala his Anatomy of Antimo∣ny, S. 3. but there is no dif∣ficulty in it, and therefore needs no great Explication;

save that you may perform the Operation with a Coal fire.

§ 2. Some affuse thereon Spirit or Oil of Vitriol, which is again abstracted, then e∣dulcorated and calcin'd with a red-hot Heat.

§ 3. These Flowers are less Emetick than the former, and sweat more, and may be given à gr. j. ad vj. in Conserve of Roses, Mithri∣date, or other proper Ve∣hicle.

LIX. Flores Benzoini, Flow∣ers of Benjamin.

Bate] They are made of the Pouder of the best Benja∣min, being put into a Glass Vessel, and covered with a dou∣ble Paper Pyramid, subliming with a gentle fire S. A. the Flowers adhering to the Paper (by often changing the Pyra∣mid) are to be swept off for use. See the London Dispen∣satory. They are admirable Pulmonicks, Bechikiks and Antiastmaticks, stop Ca∣tarrhs, and provoke Sweat. Dose à gr. v. ad xij.

Salmon.] § 1. A small hole ought to be in the top of the Pyramid, for there by the Flowers will the more easily ascend.

§ 2. Every half hour, if the fire be strong enough the Flowers are to be removed with a Feather, for which reason you ought to have two of the Pyramids at least, that the second may be put on while the other is a clear∣ing.

§ 3. These Flowers which are only the lighter and pu∣rer resinous parts of the Ben∣jamin, or an Exaltation of the Volatile Salt of the Benja∣min, white and almost like Snow, are to be gathered and kept in a Glass close stopt.

§ 4. The sign of the ab∣solute Sublimation is when the Paper or Alembick shall appear to be moistned with the Oily parts of the Benja∣min, for then all the Flow∣ers are ascended, that are possible to ascend pure.

§ 5. From lbj. of pure Benjamin you will not have above ℥ ij. of pure Flowers, which are very profitable in Asthma's, and in all Distem∣pers of the Breast and Lungs; they also provoke Sweat, and may be given a ℈ss. ad ℈j.

§ 6. From these Flowers a Tincture may thus be pre∣pared. ℞ S. V. Twice di∣stilled from Carminatices ℥j. Flowers of Benjamin ʒij. mix,

digest with a very gentle fire in a bolt head, till the Tincture is of a yellow colour. It is much more powerful than the simple Flowers, discus∣ses Wind, cures inveterate Coughs, difficulty of Breath∣ing, and the Cholick. Dose à gut. vj. ad xx.

§ 7. An Essence of Ben∣jamin. ℞ Flowers of Ben∣jamin ʒij. best Styrax Cala∣mita ʒj. Oil of Rhodium, or Jessamy, or rather of Damask Roses gut. iv. Civet, gr. ij. Musk gr. ij. mix the Civet and Storax with the Oil, which put into a Phial, putting thereon, the Flowers of Ben∣jamin; S. V. rectified ℥ij. vel q. s. digest two days, then de∣cant the clear and keep it for use.

§ 8. Where note, That if a little Salt of Tartar be mixed with it before dige∣stion, the Tincture will be the more easily extract∣ed.

§ 9. It is a most egregi∣ous perfume, by which Cloaths, Gloves, Linen, &c. may be made odoriferous in this manner. ℞ Damask Rose-water, or other Odorife∣rous-water, as Orange Flower-water ℥j. of this Tincture gut. 40. mix them: and there∣with moisten the things you would perfume, drying them in the Shadow.

§ 10. Le Febure makes the Flowers after the same man∣ner, and says, that they pos∣sess a Volatile sulphurous Salt, very subtil and pene∣trating; for as soon as there is heat enough to drive it out from its Body, it invades the Nose, Eyes, and Breast, by reason of its subtil and vola∣tile Salt, in which lies all the Power and Activity of the Benjamin.

§ 11. Thibaut makes them thus. ℞ Benjamin in pou∣der, q. v. put into a Crucible, proportioned to the quantity of your Matter, so as it may be but half full, put your Crucible into an Iron ring which has two Arms, one on each side, which place upon a second row of Bricks of a Circulatory Fur∣nace, so that your Crucible may be suspended in the mid∣dle of the Furnace, and the fire may immediately strike upon it fit to the top of your Furnace an Earthen Pyramid, much like a Sugar Loaf, as broad in the bottom as the Furnace, with a small hole in its top to give the Fire air, lute it to the Furnace, and make a moderate fire, so will the Flowers arise in dry fumes and stick to the sides of the Pyramid in form of white Snow, or Meal-dust: at half an hours end take off the Cap∣sula

or Pyramid, and with a Feather gather all the Flowers, which presently stop close up in a Glass bottle, and in the Crucible there will be remain∣ing nothing but black, oily Faeces.

§ 12. Now the Reason why he applies the Capsula to the brim of the Furnace, and not the brim of the Crucible is, lest the heat stri∣king the out-side thereof should make the Flowers melt and resolve into their first Nature; but to this I an∣swer, That if the Heat stri∣king on the out-side thereof should endanger the melting of the Flowers; much more, would it do it, when it has the liberty of striking within, where the Flowers are.

§ 13. These Flowers must be white, because it is their volatile Salt, which predomi∣nates over them, and which consequently invests them with that colour, which is natural to all simple Flowers. but particularly to volatile Salts.

§ 14. Lemery makes it thus. ℞ An Earthen pot or Crucible high and narrow, with a little Border round it, put into it ℥iv. of pure Ben∣jamin grosly poudered, cover the Pot with a Pyramid of Pa∣per, and tie it round about un∣der the Border; set the Pot into hot Ashes, and when the Benjamin is heated, the Flow∣ers will ascend, take off▪ the Pyramid every two hours, and fix another in its place, put∣ting the Flowers up quickly in∣to a Glass, which stop close: continue this Sublimation, till the Flowers begin to appear Oily, and then cease: put what remains into a little Glass Retort, fitted with a Receiver and distil off a thick fragrant Oil, in a Sand heat, till nothing more comes forth, there remaining in the Re∣tort nothing but a spungy Earth.

§ 15. Benjamin being a Substance full of Volatile parts easily sublimes over the smallest Fire, the Flowers a∣rising in little white needles; but if the Fire be never so little too much, the Oil will ascend with them in some small quantity, which will make them yellow and im∣pure; you must therefore do the Operation in hot A∣shes or Sand, to have the Flowers fair. They have a pleasing Acidity, and are al∣lowed by Lemery to be given but à gr. ij. ad v. other Authors allow them to be given to 20 grains.

§ 16. Flos (Dixit Rolfin∣cius) aequivocum est vocabu∣lum, & variis rebus accomo∣datur: 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 flos salis in Nitrariis & salinis inve∣nitur officinis, aeris in aerariis, farinae in Molendinis, lactis, qui & Cremor, in pecuariis, — in Chymicis ergasteriis flores nominantur tenuiores & subtiliores partes Corporis, à Crascioreper sublimationem se∣paratae.

§ 17. Rolfincius, Beguinus, Schroder, Le Mort, Charras, and almost the whole herd of Authors, follow one and the same way of making these Flowers, which is that of Lemery's at § 14. afore∣going: but there is another way by Distillation, where∣in they are made in greater plenty, which according to Charras his Method is this.

§ 18. ℞ Choice Benjamin lbj. in pouder, put it into a large Glass Retort, and affuse there∣on good S. V. lbiij. stir and in∣corporate them well together; lute to it a Vessel of Rencoun∣ter; and keep the Retort twen∣ty four hours with the neck up∣right upon a gentle Sand heat, shaking the Substances often, to hasten the dissolution of the Rosin in the Spirit; which done, place the Retort in a Sand heat fitting to its beak a middle siz'd Receiver, and with a gentle fire first distil off the S. V. after which the Flowers will ascend; but as soon as they appear, change the Receiver, which let be dry, and lute it slightly, that you may be able to draw out from time to time the Flowers, (which you must immediately stop close up in a Glass) putting another Receiver in its place, which now you may lute up very ex∣actly, and continue the fire, so will a thick Liquor distil from the Retort, which is the first Oil of Benjamin: if you con∣tinue still the fire you will have an Acid Liquor, and after that a yellow, clear and odoriferous Oil, and then lastly an Oil thick and greazy.

§ 19. Le Febure makes the Flowers by distillation after the same manner, but he ad∣vises, 1. To rectified S. V. lbiv. 2. To digest five whole days. 3. To distil in a great large Retort having a long and broad Neck. 4. To put into the Ingredients pure clean Sand lbj. Scales of Iron falling from the Anvil lbss. 5. The Retort to be so large as not be above ⅓ part full, 6. To lute the Juncture with a wet Blad∣der, that it may the easier be removed in changing the Re∣ceiver. 7. That the fire be

soft at first and increast but little, slowly and by degrees. 8. That the S. V. and a new Receiver being put to for the Flowers, the Juncture is not to be luted, because it must be often taken off to gather the Flowers out of the mouth of the Retort lest they should wholly stop it, and so break it. 9. That the first Flowers are the whitest and purest. 10. That when the buttery Substance be∣gins to come, you may then lute the Juncture again with a wet Bladder, and increase the fire a little, that all the Acid and Mercurial Liquor may follow the Butter: which done. 11. That then the Receiver is to be charged again, to receive the true Oil of Benjamin, which will be of a fragrant O∣dor, and yellow colour, some∣what resembling a Hyacinth. 12. That when the drops be∣gin to appear red, you must immediately substitute a new Receiver, which is to take the thick and dark Balsam, which in this Work is the last action of the Fire.

§ 20. Thus according to Le Febure there is, 1. a S. V. impregnated with a portion of the volatile, sulphurous and spiritual Salt of the Ben∣jamin. 2. The Volatile Salt or Flowers in the neck of the Retort. 3. A Butter-like Oil, which is the grossest part of the Salt and Sulphur. 4. A small quantity of Mercurial acid Spirit. 5. The Odorife∣rous yellow or Hyacinth Oil, which will be but lit∣tle. 6. A thick blackish Bal∣sam.

§ 21. This S. V. alone and without mixture, or adding any more of the Gum to it may serve for an Excellent Cosmetick, because it is al∣ready filled and impregnated with the Volatile Salt of the Benjamin, in which the de∣tersive, mundifying and re∣solutive Vertue of the Benja∣min does confist; and is more powerful than the vul∣gar Tincture, because that is mixt with the unctuous Body of the Benjamin which stops the Pores and dries the Skin. And with this Spirit, a famous Tincture may be drawn from the Flowers of Benjamin (if pure and white, and divested of their thick Oily parts) after the man∣ner as is before declared at § 6.

§ 22. The Flowers or Vola∣tile Salt of Benjamin are Pul∣monick, Antiastmatick, Su∣dorifick, and a great Speci∣fick against the French Pox, if given à gr. vj. ad xx. in a Glass of Infusion of Sassa∣fras

in Wine, or a Decocti∣on of Sarsa, China, and Gua∣jacum bark; for it is a Search∣er which immediately pene∣trates the whole Body.

§ 23. The Buttery Oil is Vulnerary, and contains a portion of the Flowers, which you may thus seperate. ℞ Of the whitest Butter of Benja∣min ℥j. dissolve it in boiling water, and immediately filter the Liquor through Paper, so will the Flowers be instantly coagulated under the hand: then draw back again the white Water by inclination, and let it settle, and you shall have in the bottom, a Magistery, of equal Vertue, with that made by precipitation of the Tincture: let the Flowers dry, and the Magistery slowly and leisurely between double Pa∣per, and keep it for use.

§ 24. The Mercurial Spi∣rit, is an Antidote against Malignity and Venom, and proper against the Poyson of the Pox. Dose gut. 20. ad 30.

§ 25. The Odoriferous Oil, besides its excellency for ma∣king Perfumes, is an admi∣rable Vulnerary, and has all the Vertues of the Salt, and may be given à gut. iij. ad x. in any proper Vehicle. A Perfume may be thus made with it. ℞ Of the Odorife∣rous Oil ℥ss. pure Salt of Tar∣tar ℥j. Butter of Benjamin ℥j. mix and grind them well together in a Mortar, to which add this: ℞ Musk gr. x. Am∣bergrease gr. vj. Civet gr. iij. Salt of Tartar ℈ss. mix or grind them together, and mix it with the former: Of this: Tincture may be made with rectified S. V. for perfuming Cloaths, Gloves, &c.

§ 26. The thick blackiss Balsam, is also an excellent good Vulnerary, and has a real Excellency for curing Punctures of the Nerves, old Sores, running Ulcers and the like: and if it be applied to Gouts, Sciaticaes, Aches or Pains proceeding from a cold Cause it cures them to admiration. It is also prevalent against Pal∣sies, Contractions of the Nerves, Cramps, Weak∣nesses, and other Distempers of the Nerves; so that in these cases there are not many Remedies more effectual: put into a hollow Tooth it eases the Pain thereof, and dropt into the Ears (mixt with Oil of Ben) it helps Deafness, noise and pain in the Ears, &c.

LX. Flores Bismuthi, Flow∣ers of Bismuth, Marcasite, or Tin-Glass

Bate.] ℞ Marcasite cal∣cin'd, Sal-Armoniack. Ana; mix and sublime S. A. It is 〈◊〉〈◊〉 celebrated Cosmetick to whiten the Skin, being mix∣ed with a double quantity of Pomatum: it is good a∣gainst Cutaneous defections, as Tettars, Ring-worms, Pu∣stules, &c.

Salmon.] § 1. In a word (says Le Mort) the Flowers of Bismuth, Znick, &c. are made exactly in the same manner as Flowers of Antimo∣ny; but you have another way of preparing the Flow∣ers in our London Dispensa∣tory, Lib. 3. Cap. 10. Sect. 11. according to Schroder's Me∣thod.

§ 2. Bismuth is a sulphu∣rous Marcasite found in the Tin Mines, being nothing but the Excrement of a Metal Or an Earth impregnated with Metalick parts, Or an imperfect Tin, mixt with a good quantity of Arsenick: There are several kinds of it, but the principal one Bis∣muth and Zinck, of each of which, like preparations are made.

§ 3. Lemery makes them thus. Calcine Bismuth as you do Lead, then mixing it with equal parts of Sal-Armoniack proceed to its Sublimation, as you do in that of Tin following: So will you have Flowers which you may dissolve in Water, and precipitate with Spirit of Sal-Armoniack, or Oil of Tartar per deliquium.

§ 4. Le Febure makes them after this manner. ℞ Bis∣muth (as it comes from the Mine, and before it has ever felt the fire) in fine Pouder lb.j. New White-wine lb.ij. mix and digest in a double Vessel the space of three days: after which, decant the Wine and affuse lbij. more in the place: and this Work repeat the third and fourth time: The fourth part of the Wine digested af∣fuse on the Marcasite in a Cu∣curbit, which place in Sand, and cover it with an Alem∣bick, draw off the Menstruum with a moderate heat to dry∣ness: cohabate it with another fourth part, and distil off to dryness; and so proceed with the third fourth part, and the last fourth part; distilling to dryness. When all the Moi∣sture is come over, increase the fire, and there will su∣blime into the head silvered Flowers, which you may keep without any farther preparati∣on

in a Glass close stopt; or be∣ing put into a Cellar upon a Glass Plate, they will dissolve into an Oily Liquor.

§ 5. The distilled Liquor being put into a large Cucur∣bit you may draw off the S. V. from it, to be used in other universal Operations: The remaining part put into a stone kind of Earthen Pan, and evaporate in Sand, till it comes to a Pint: after which set it to Crystallize for three days: if it Crystallizes not, evaporate it again, till it will; then cast in some little Straws or Sticks, and in a cold place the Crystals will shoot and stick to them, which are the Salt of the Marcasite: these Crystals dry slowly, and keep in a Glass also, close stopt for use.

§ 6. The Flowers are pre∣fertable to the Magistery for outward uses on the Face and Skin: the Liquor made per deliquium, takes away all Spots and Freckles from it, whether used alone, or mixt in a Pomatum. And the Li∣quor and Salt are an admira∣ble Remedy against Fistu∣la's old running Sores, and all kinds of Cancerous and malignant Ulcers.

§ 7. The Artist who shall be so prudent as to apply them to their proper uses, shall find them to be such ex∣ternal Remedies, as are not inferior to any other Topical Medicament whatsoever.

§ 8. You may mix them with Injections or Vulnerary waters, with which you may inject, wash, and foment Ul∣cers, especially such as parti∣cipate of a Cancerous and Corroding Nature; for this Mineral being endowed with a Volatile Sulphur, and a Balsamick Salt cannot be sufficiently valued for soft∣ning Tumors, and allaying Pains, and mortifying the Malignity, and mundifying and bringing to a perfect Cure the most desperate, ear∣ing and malign Ulcers.

§ 9. Charras makes the Flowers exactly after the same manner as Le Febure, save, that he prescribes, but the weight of the Bismuth in Wine, to be affused thereon each time; but then he ad∣vises the Repetition of the digestion five or six times one after another: these Flowers (says he) are very proper to take away ble∣mishes (Defedations I suppose he means) out of the Face and Skin, and to cure Fistu∣la's, and malign and Can∣cerous Ulcers.

LXI. Flores Joviales, Flow∣ers of Tin.

Bate. ℞ Jupiter p. j. Nitre p. ij. sublime according to Art, washing the Flowers in warm water. They are of great use in Hysterick Fits, or suffocation of the Womb, being both inward∣ly used and outwardly ap∣plied. Dose à gr. jj. ad vj. being several times repeated.

Salmon.] § 1. Lemery pre∣pares them thus. ℞ Tin ℥ij. Sal-Armoniack in pouder ℥iv. mix and put them into a strong Earthen Cucurbit, able to endure the fire, so large as it may not be above ⅓ full; fit to it a blind head, luting the Juncture well, place it on a Seat in a Furnace, with a na∣ked fire, but covered so as that the fire may only pass through the Registers, the top of the Furnace being stopt up with Brick and Lute, &c. The Cu∣curbit must also be set ⅓ part of its height deep in the Fur∣nace, to which give a fire, gentle at first, which increase by degrees, till the bottom is become red-hot, which heat continue till nothing more will sublime, which you will know by the growing cold of the head.

§ 2. The Flowers sticking to the top of the head are no∣thing but Particles of Tin sublimed by the help of Sal-Armoniack; and at the bot∣tom of the Cucurbit you will find the rest of the Tin revi∣ved. These Flowers being dissolved in Water q. s. and filtered, you may there from precipitate a very white pou∣per by dropping into it drop by drop either Spirit of Sal-Armoniack▪ or Oleum Tartari per deliquium; which being edulcorated by many times washing in warm Water, and dried, is chiefly used as Paint, being a very curious White, and so mixed with Pomatums

§ 3. In this operation it is only the Acid Salt which is in the Sal-Arm. which divides the Jovial Particles, and makes them ascend; and therefore it is that any Alcalious Spirit or Oil makes them precipitate in water.

§ 4. But Lemery has ano∣ther kind of Flowers made with Nitre, from which this of our Author seems to be taken, which more explicite∣ly is thus. ℞ Tin lbj. Sal-Nitre lbij. mix them; then take an unglaz'd Earthen Pot, with a hole in the midst of its height, and a stople to it, place it in a Furnace of a just fitness, wherein the Pot may enter only as high as the hole, and with Bricks and Lute or Mortar, take care that the fire may not transpire; On this Pot fit three Aludels, with a head to the top-most, luting well the Junctures; then make

a fire, soft at first, and gra∣dually increase it till the part of the lower Pot lying within the Furnace is red hot; then through the hole cast in your former Mixture, by Spoonfuls, and presently stop up the hole, so will there be a Detonation, which when over; cast in ano∣ther Spoonful, and thus con∣tinue till all your Mixture is spent; which done, you'll find in the Recipient a little Spirit of Nitre, and in the sides of the Aludels very white Flow∣ers of Tin, which being ga∣thered, you are to edulcorate with warm Water, and dry in the shade between two Pa∣pers to be kept in a Vial close stopt for use.

§ 5. These Flowers (says he) serve for Paints, and make a delicate White when mixt with Pomatums, or in some proper Liquor. And at bot∣tom of the Pot, there is a Calx of Tin mixt with the fixt part of the Nitre; which by boiling in Water may be edulcorated, and then dry∣ed, and is of good use in Deficcative Ointments.

§ 6. The Flowers are washt in order to edulcorate them, and free them from the Volatile Salt of the Ni∣tre; and they are dryed in the Shade, for that the Sun, or Fire would dull their Lu∣stre and Whiteness, which is caused from the fineness of the Particles, whereby ha∣ving another kind of Super∣ficies, they make a new Re∣flexion of Light.

§ 7. Charras makes the Flowers by subliming with four times the Weight of Sal-Armoniack, but with Vessels like those of Lemery's at § 4. above, increasing the fire by degrees, till the Aludel be red-hot in all the lower part; then he throws in at the hole ℥ss. of the Pouder, stopping it imme∣diately, by which means the Tin and Sal-Armoniack will rise together in Vapours which will condense in Flowers with∣in side the Pots: this done, cast in another like quantity, stop∣ping the hole in like manner, and thus continue, till all your whole mixture is spent.

§ 8. Now there is to be noted in this Operation with Sal-Armoniack, that the Tin must first be made into a Pouder by Calcination, o∣therwise you will have few or no Flowers worth looking after.

§ 9. That if you use only equal parts of Tin and Sal-Armoniack, the Tin would remain almost all of it at the bottom of the Aludel, which is not to be wondred at since it is impossible to make Me∣tals

ascend in Flowers with∣out the assistance of three or four times their weight of volatile Salts mixed with them, or several consequent Cohobations of more Salts.

§ 10. That through the whole time of the Operati∣on, a good fire ought to be kept, by which means the Sublimation will be the more easily absolved.

§ 11. That among the many Preparations of Tin, the Sublimation thereof into Flowers is esteemed to be one of the best, for though they cannot be made without any mixture (which some may fault, though without cause) yet by reason of the easie se∣paration of those Salts by Lotion, the Medicament is found to be really praise∣worthy.

§ 12. The Flowers being gather'd from Pots, put in∣to a great Earthen Pot full of fair warm Water, let it stand quiet for twenty four Hours, then decant the clear Water, and the Flowers, or rather Calx of Tin, will be found at bottom in the form of a Magistery, which be∣ing sufficiently edulcorated by many Lotions, are to be dryed in the Shade as before directed.

§ 13. But because of the length of time and trouble which is found in the Calci∣nation of Tin by the ways which Authors have set down, they have sought for a more easie and advantage∣ous Method, which is the subliming it with Nitre in the way aforesaid at § 4. which Charras does with a trebble proportion of Nitre, whereas Lemery makes use but of a double.

§ 14. Now whereas it is evident that Tin contains a Sulphur, for that being mixt with Nitre, and put into a red-hot Pot it will flame, which Nitre of it self will never do alone, without mix∣ture of some sulphurous Mat∣ter: so you must take care, if you would rightly make your Detonations, to pro∣portion the Nitre to the Sul∣phur.

§ 15. For if there be too little of the Nitre, it will have too few Volatile parts, to unite with the Sulphur, and so not be able to raise it all up; And if there be too much of the Nitre, whereby its Volatile parts exceed those of the Sulphur, it will cause but a Sublimation in part, because the great quantity of the fixed part of this Salt, which remains at the bot∣tom

without firing, will fix some part of the Sulphur, and cause but a very small Deto∣nation.

§ 16. From whence 'tis concluded, that a double pro∣portion of Nitre will raise more Flowers from Tin than a treble•• because the Deto∣nation of the double propor∣tion is greater than that of the trebble, since experience ••hews that a more perfect detonati∣on raises more Flowers than that which is less perfect.

§ 17. For the fixt Nitre remaining at the bottom sixes some part of the Sulphur of the Tin, and hinders it from subliming as it should do.

§ 18. And note, That three Aludels and one head are used, because of the great quantities of Vapours and force of the Detonati∣on, which ought to have room enough, for otherwise the Vess••ls would break, notwithstanding the casting in the Matter by little and little.

§ 19. Charras advises that if you use the Flowers in∣wardly, you should (after e∣dulcoration with Water, and drying) pour upon them rectified S. V. to over-top them two Inches, and then set it on fire, reiterating the Ope∣ration three or four times: But what great need there is of this Work I see not, and therefore leave every Artist to his own Prudence and In∣genuity.

§ 20. You may also make these Flowers according to Zwelfer's Method (Mantis. Spagyr. Cap. 6. Pag. 817.) and use his Vessels, as you may see in the Preparation of the Flowers of Antimony afore∣going.

LXII. Flores Sulphuris albi, white Flowers of Sul∣phur.

Bate. ℞ Lapis Prunellae calcined for two hours in a Crucible covered (which do with live Coals laid above and below and round about it) ℥iij. Sulphur ℥vj. mix and sublime in a Sand heat, S. A. They are equal in Vertues to L••c Sulphuris. Dose ℈j. ad ʒj.

Salmon.] § 1. Lemery makes these white Flowers with Sal-Polychrestum instead of Lapis Prunellae after this manner. ℞ Sulphur in pouder lbij. Sal-Polychrestum lbj. mix them to∣gether; put this mixture by half Pounds into a Glass body, which place in a small open fire, and cover it with a Pot, or another Cucurbit of unglazed Earth, so as the neck of the lower may enter into the neck of the higher: change the

upper Cucurbit every half hour, and fit another in its place, adding likewise new In∣gredients: gather your Flowers in the upper Cucurbit, and continue this work, till all your mixture is added, and there remains at bottom only a little infignificant spungy Earth.

§ 2. The Salt remaining at bottom of the Cucurbit may be calcin'd, and if after∣wards you purifie it by Solu∣tion. exhaling and filtering, it will be as good as before.

§ 3. The whiteness of these Flowers proceeds from the attenuation of the sulphu∣rous Particles by the adjoyn∣ed Salt.

§ 4. And exactly as Lemery makes them, you have them in Monsieur Charras both for Method and proportion of Ingredients; but he uses in his Preparation Sal-Nitre.

§ 5. But the true Author of the Prescript was Angelus Sala, as you may see in his Opera Medico-Chymica, pag. 745. A. who makes it of fixed Nitre, or Sal-Prunellae in the same proportion, whom our Author is pleased to follow.

§ 6. They are a most fa∣mous Pectoral, drying up all Catarrhs and Rheums after a most admirable manner: and yet withall open Ob∣structions of the Brest and Lungs; are good against Coughs, Colds, Hoarsness, Asthma's, shortness of Breath, difficulty of Breathing, and other Vices of those parts.

§ 7. Motus Ʋtendi. ℞ Of these white Flowers ℈ij. Be∣zoar mineral gr. xvj. Mithri∣date ʒiss. mix for a Dose to be given at Night going to Bed. ℞ Of these Flowers ʒj. Syrup of Comfrey ℥j. mix for a Dose against a Catarrh. ℞ Of these Flowers ʒj. Syrup of Poppies ℥ss. mix for a Dose against a Cough. ℞ Of these Flowers ℈ij. Catechu ʒss. Venice-treacle ʒj. mix for a Dose against Fluxes of the Bowels.

LXIII. Flores Viridis aeris, Flowers of Verdigrise.

Bate.] Dissolve Verdigrise in Spirit of Vinegar, then fil∣ter and Crystallize S. A. It is the greatest cleanser of Ul∣cers.

Salmon.] § 1. It serves to make the Ʋnguentum Fuscum Wurtzii, the Composition, Preparation, Vertues and Uses, of which you may see in our Doron Medicum, Lib. 3. Cap. 6. Sect. 13. which is a famous thing of the kind.

§ 2. Le Mort takes the Verdigrise, and pouders it fine∣ly and adds so much Sp. of Vinegar as may overtop it some Inches, after which he boils it gently, till the Verdi∣grise is dissolved, then filters the Liquor, and puts into it little Oak Twigs or Sticks, and sets it to Crystallize.

§ 3. This he had from Swelfer in Append. ad Ani∣madversiones, pag. 43 where (though they are really Cry∣stals of Verdigrise) he calls them Flores Aeris; and out of the same he prepares his so wonderful and much mag∣nified Spirit of Venus.

§ 4. Lemery has it thus. ℞ Verdigrise q. v. put it into a large Matrass: Spirit of Vinegar, so much as to over-top it four Inches: digest in a Sand heat three days, stirring it now and then, till the Spirit becomes blew; then decant it, and affuse new Spirit of Vine∣gar, which digest as before three days, and decant again; thus affuse, digest and decant fresh Spirit till about ¾ of the Verdigrise is dissolved, and no∣thing but an Earthy matter remains: mix these Impreg∣nations, filter, and in a Glass body evaporate ⅔ of the moi∣sture, then set it four or five days in a cool Cellar to Crystal∣lize: from which decant the Liquor and gather them: e∣vaporate again ⅓ of this Li∣quor, and Crystallize again as before, thus continuing till you have got all your Crystals, which dry and keep for the Cleansing of Wounds, ma∣king the Spirit of Venus, and the Ʋnguentum fuscum Wurt∣zii.

§ 5. But Schroder makes Flowers after another manner by Sublimation thus. ℞ Calx Vive lbij. Sal-Armoniack lbj. mix and make a Lixivium: coagulate it into a Salt, and mix with it three times as much Bole, and draw a Spirit from it like A. F. which recti∣fie: take of this Spirit p. iv. Verdigrise p. j. set them in the Embers in a luted Vessel, so will the Matter dissolve: de∣cant and pour on more, till on∣ly light black Faeces remain; abstract the Menstruum, and force the remainder in a na∣ked Fire in a Still, so will the Verdigrise be elevated in Flowers, which will dissolve in the Air into a green Li∣quor.

§ 6. It is good against malign and ill-conditioned Ulcers; and if you free it from the Spirit of Sal-Armo∣niack it will, as Clossaeus says, cure Wounds and Ulcers safely without biting, being mixt with Balsams, Ungu∣ents, &c.

§ 7. Le Febure follows the same Method with Lemery, and calls it the Volatile Vi∣triol of Venus: but (says he) if you desire to be yet more accurate and successful in you Operation, proceed in the Dissolution of these Cry∣stals in new Spirit of Vinegar, till you can discover by try∣ing a Distillation in B. M. or in Ashes, whether the as∣cending Vinegar be insipid; which if it be so, go on in the Dissolution, Filteration, Evaporation and Crystalli∣zation, till the Vinegar comes forth with the same Strength and Acidity, with which it was put in; then have you attained the true point of the desired Perfection, which this noble Flos is to be brought to, dry it gently between two Papers, which digest in Alcohol of S. V. three Inches above it in a double digest∣ing Vessel for twenty four hours, abstract the S. V. and repeat this Operation thrice in B. M. opening it no more till you make the Spirit of Venus thereof; so will it be endowed with those Vertues and Perfections, which do shine, and are required in the Spirit to be drawn from it.

LXIV. Flores Zinci, Flow∣ers of Zinck, or Spelter, called also Tin-glass.

Bate.] They are made as are the Flowers of Bismuth. And they have the same Ver∣tues.

Salmon.] § 1. Zinck is only a differing Marcasite from Bismuth, and therefore its Flowers are made exact∣ly after the same manner, which you may see at large in Sect. LX. § 3. of this Chapter aforegoing.

§ 2. They are used as a Paint and Cosmetick (being of an exquisite whiteness) and for that reason are put into Pomatums, Washes, &c.

§ 3. They are proper a∣gainst Cancerous Ulcers, Strumatick and Sirrhous, as also against Lentils, Freckles, Pustles, and other Defedati∣ons of the Skin; and in a word, have all the Vertues of the Flores Bismuthi, so that in like cases, each may be indifferently used.

LXV. Gilla Theophrasti, the Vomiting Vitriol.

Bate.] It is nothing else, but white Vitriol depura∣ted.

Salmon.] § 1. Paracelsus de Rebus naturalibus, Lib. 1. Cap. 8. (where he treats of the Vertues of Crude Vitriol and Colcothar, calls it Grillus non Gilla. This word Gilla, Schroder interprets to be the Vomiting Salt of Vitriol. Gilla apud Paracelsum est Vi∣triolum sua sponte resolutum in Aquam, Lexic. Chym. But the Word is barbarous, and without any known E∣tymological Derivation from the Learned Languages.

§ 2. Beguinus make it of white Vitriol dissolved in com∣mon Water, then filters and coagutes, which he repeats a second time, and a third time dissolves in Rose-wa∣ter.

§ 3. Or, He evaporates to a Cuticula, then set it in a cold place to Crystallize: dis∣solving, filtering and crystal∣lizing to the third time, which last time is also done in Rose-water, then drying the Crystals with a gentle fire.

§ 4. He gives it with hap∣py Success in Feavers, Ca∣tarrhs, Crudity of the Ven∣tricle, fulness of the Stomach, Worms, Plague, &c. à ℈j. ad ʒss. in a Draught of Wine or Ale, or Conserve of Roses. But his Commentator says this Dose is too large, and that it may scarcely be exhi∣bited to ℈ss. let it go so; but I have oftentimes given it to ʒj. in Broth with good suc∣cess, never in my whole pra∣ctise having any evil Symp∣toms following it; yet I say for the Caution of the said Commentor let it be used with Prudence and Discre∣tion; possibly one may find that by it, which another may not; nor are all Consti∣tutions alike.

§ 5. Beguinus also extracts it from the Caput Mortuum of Vitriol, after the Sublima∣tion of the Flowers of Sulphur: This he gives ad ℈j. in Fen∣nel-water; and it moves Vo∣mits, Stools, and Sweat: and sometimes also conciliates Sleep.

§ 6. It may be universally exhitibited in all Vomits, but is carefully to be avoided in an Asthma, and other Diseases of the Brest and Lungs.

§ 7. Schroder dissolves white Vitriol in Water, filters, eva∣porates and crystallizes, which he repeats the third time with

Rose-water; this, says he, is a gentle Vomit, good against all the aforenamed Diseases, as also the Falling-sickness, and may given à ℈j. ad ʒj. in Wine, Broth, or other Li∣quors: But Centory-water more effectually promotes its emetick Property, as Crollius thinks.

§ 8. This Preparation, says Hofman, deserves praise, for that it exerts its Emetick property without any suspi∣cion of a Colliquative Ma∣lignity. This following Pre∣paration also he commends. ℞ White Vitriol. q. v. dissolve by boiling in fair Water. Take also prepared Nitre, and dis∣solve in Water: this latter dissolution sprinkle in Gutta∣tim upon the former, so will all the Impurity fall to the bottom; then filter the Clear, evaporate the one half, till it grows (as it were) milky, and in less than the space of an hour, it will Crystallize.

§ 9. There are four seve∣ral sorts of Gilla's, 1. That which is made of Sky-colour'd Vitriol, dissolved and preci∣pitated with Oil of Tartar, which is the strongest and sharpest Gilla, and scarcely safe unless given by a pru∣dent Hand. 2. That which is made of the Vitriol of I∣ron, according to Crollius, which has a stiptick Sweet∣ness; this is less Violent. 3. That which is made of white Vitriol, which is this of our Author, and is yet more safe. 4. That which is made out of the. Caput Mor∣tuum of Vitriol after the ab∣straction of its Spirit and Oil, which is called Salt of Vitriol; this is the most in∣nocent Gilla, and fit only for Children.

§ 10. But to these you may add a fifth which is ex∣tracted out of the Caput Mor∣tuum of the Vitriol of Venus, which some will have to be the only true Gilla Theo∣phrasti.

§ 11. Lemery makes it thus. ℞ White Vitriol q. v. dissolve it in flegm of Vitriol, filter and evaporate ⅔ set it in a cool place for three days to Crystallize which separate: evaporate again ⅓, and Cry∣stallize again as before, thus continuing till you have gotten all the Crystals, which dry in the Sun and keep for use.

§ 12. By this Operation the Vitriol is freed from its Earthy parts; and white is chosen, because it is milder in its operation. Dose, à gr. xij. ad ʒj. in Broth, or some other proper Liquor.

§ 13. Here note, That sometimes after taking of this Vomit, the Stools will be black like Ink; but this is when the Vitriolick Particles descending into the Guts meets with some saline Mat∣ter which joyns with it, much resembling its Union with Galls.

§ 14. Le Febure does it the same way, save that he does it with Rain-water, or May-dew, and then digests a Philosophical Month, separa∣ting and digesting till no more Impurity will precipitate, then filtrates, evaporates and crystallizes.

§ 15. The first Crystalli∣zation (says he) does only take away the superficial and outward foulness: but the second separates the very Central Impurities, and is to be kept for extraordinary Preparations, which are Tinctures and Arcana's: this is Vitriol purified from its Metallick Earth.

§ 16. That prepared from the Blew (says he) is violent, and therefore to be abstain∣ed from, and this of the white rather to be used, which may be given à gr. x. ad ℈iv. in some warm Broth, Ale, or Decoction, &c.

§ 17. Charras also saith, if you would perfect the Pre∣paration, and separate it from its Terrestial parts, we are obliged to have recourse to long Digestions, by means whereof its Terrestrieties and Metallick parts will preci∣pitate to the bottom of the Liquor (as Le Febure has said before him) whereby the Crystals will be much fairer, and more transparent.

LXVI. Jupiter Diaphoreticus, Diaphoretick or Sweating Tin.

Bate.] It is made of the Caput Mortuum of the Flow∣ers of Jupiter, boiled in Wa∣ter, precipitated, and edulco∣rated, S. A. Dose, à gr. iij. ad x. It powerfully moves Sweat, and is profitable in Hysterick Fits, Gout, Plague, or Pestilence, French-Pox, &c.

Salmon.] § 1. Beguinus Tyroc. Chym. Lib. 2. Cap. 14. makes it thus. ℞ Filings of English Block-Tin, or Calci∣ned-Tin ℥ij. Mercury subli∣mate ℥iv. mix them together, and distil by Retort in a Sand heat, having adjoyned a Re∣ceiver half full of Water; to take what shall begin to di∣stil; give a moderate Fire of suppression, till all the Liquor is come over, which will preci∣pitate

in the Water: that which sublimes to the neck of the Retort is to be taken away, and digested with that which was distilled, for one night: the water (impregnated with the Spirit of Vitriol) separate, and dry the Calx. Dose, à gr. iv. ad vj.

§ 2. Charras takes Filings or Calx of Tin, and double quantity of Corrosive subli∣mate, mixes them and distils in a Glass Retort in a small Furnace of close Reverberati∣on and having slightly fitted a Receiver, he distils first with a gentle fire, which he continues till the Butter-like Liquor ceases to distill: then changes the Receiver, and increasing the Fire Gradatim, forces it at length till all the Mercury in the Sublimate is revived and dropped into the Recipient: then pouring fair Water upon the white and thick water in the first Receiver, he precipi∣tates the Substance of the Tin, and leaves it to settle till it is exactly dulcified, which he dries in the Shade and keeps for use.

§ 3. This is given for the same Distempers which the other Preparations of Tin are given for. Dose, à gr. iij. ad vj.

§ 4. This Diaphoretick is only a more perfect Calx of Tin made by the Corrosion of the Corrosive Sublimate, and may be reduced into Tin again.

§ 5. Schroder makes it with Filings or Calx of Tin p. j. mixed with Precipitate p. iv. and distils by Retort in Sand or a naked Fire into a Receiver half full of Water, in which a Pouder precipitates, which he washes, drys and keeps for use.

§ 6. Where note, That if after the Butter of Tin is made, you make a Fire of Suppression by degrees, you will have. Silver Flowers to sublime in the neck of the Retort. Dose, of the Dia∣phoretick and of the Flowers, gr. iv. ad vj.

§ 7. Le Febure does it af∣ter the same manner with Charras, but uses a tripple quantity of Corrosive Subli∣mate distilling in a Retort with a large neck in Sand; from whence he has, 1. A Spirit continually smoaking. 2. A Butter or Corrosive Oil. 3. A revived or running Mercury; this done, increasing the Fire downwards, and giving a Fire of Suppression, the Substance of Jupiter, ascends in the neck of the Retort in form of a grey Gum very hard: which being immediately re∣duced to pouder, and put on a

Sheet of white Lattin edged about, will melt into a yellow Oil, which may run into a glass Receiver, and being precipitated is an excellent Diaphoretick.

LXVII. Magnes Praeparatus, Loadstone prepared.

Bate.] It is made of the Pouder of the Magnet heat Red-fire-hot in a Crucible: and affusing thereon an equal quantity of the Oil of Mars, it is with a gentle fire evapora∣ted to dryness, S. A. mixt with Wax, and so made into an Emplaister, being applied, it admirably eases pains of the Gout.

Salmon.] § 1. The Load∣stone is found in divers parts of England, Scotland, Ger∣many, Norway, Sweethland, Italy, and the Iron-Mines; and that is to be chosen which is most of an Iron co∣lour, and draws Iron strong∣ly to it.

§ 2. In this Preparation Schroder advises the Cemen∣tation to be made with Lime at a gentle Fire, and then after to quench it in the Oil of Mars, or Solution of Iron, in order to the strengthning of it.

§ 3. The Emplaister is described by Boetius, and is commended highly to ease the pains of the Gout, as Hofman affirms.

§ 4. This I know by ex∣perience, that it stops Fluxes of Blood, but evacuates gross and melancholy Humours if rightly given in a proper Vehicle. ℞ Elect. Leni∣tivum ℥j. Magnet prepared ℈j. mix for a Dose to evacuate melancholy Humours. Or thus: ℞ Syrup of Sena ℥j. Magnet Praep. ℈j. mix for a Dose.

LXVIII. Mars Diaphoreti∣cus, Sweating Mars.

Bate.] Sublime Sal-Ar∣moniack with an equal quan∣tity of Mars, S. A. dissolve the Sublimate in a small quan∣tity of Fountain-water, which filter, and precipitate by affu∣sing thereon Oil of Tartar per Deliq. or Spirit of Sal-Armo∣niack then dry the Precipitate S. A. It moves Sweat, and is Diuretick, of great use in Hypochond, Melancholy, Quartans, &c. Dose, ℈ss. ad ℈j.

Salmon.] § 1. Schroder ad∣vises to take the Filings of Mars and sublime them with the Sal-Armoniack, so will a part of the Mars or Iron be elevated therewith: if this (says he) be washt from the Sal-Armoniack it will be like Gun-pouder or Thun∣dering-gold.

§ 2. But if you sublime from Filings, the Filings will be coroded by the Salt, and but little of them ascend; it will be better therefore to sublime with Gads of Iron, so will all the Flowers as∣cend of a yellowish red co∣lour: but this Medicament is better prepared from Cro∣cus Martis than from either of them.

§ 3. Lemery makes this Dia∣phoretick after this manner. ℞ Rust of Iron in fine Pou∣der, Sal-Armoniack Ana. mix them well and put them into an Earthen Cucurbit, which set in a little Furnace, stop∣ing up the bottom with Bricks and Mortar; that the Fire may only pass through certain Registers: fit to the Cucurbit a Vessel of Rencounter or Blind-head, making at first only a small fire; augment it gradatim till the Cucurbit is red-hot, which degree of heat continue till no more Vapors a∣rise. The Vessels being cold gather the Flowers, put them into water sufficient only to dissolve them, which filter through brown Paper; and drop thereon Guttatim Oleum Tartari per Deliq. or Spirit of Sal-Armoniack, so will a pouder precipitate to the bot∣tom of the Vessel, decant the Liquor, and dry the Precipi∣tate.

§ 4. It is indeed an excel∣lent Medicament against all manner of Diseases proceed∣ing from Corruption of Hu∣mours and Defilements of the Blood; it is Sudorifick and Diuretick, carrying off Di∣seases sometimes as well by Urine as Sweat, according as Nature is most disposed to the Action. It is famous against Hypochondriack Me∣lancholy, Obstructions of the Spleen and Mesentery, and Quartan Agues. Dose, à gr. x. ad xxiv. in Pills, Bolus, or some proper Syrup, as Syrup of Mars.

§ 5. Its Sudorifick pro∣perty seems to come from the Particles of the Sal-Ar∣monia••k, yet joyned to the precipitated Mars (by rea∣son of the Acid of the Salt, which makes a strict Conjun∣ction with them) for when these saline Particles are actuated by the internal heat of the Body, and thereby

brought into a Ferment, they become of a Volatile Nature, and rather fly insensibly into all the Pores of the Body, than take their course (as fixt Salts do) by way of Urine; whence Sweating or insen∣sible Transpiration follows.

§ 6. But if they meet not with a fit Matter sufficient to excite this Fermentation, and cause their Volatibility, they then open the Lymphatick Vessels, and take their ordi∣nary course by the Reins and Ureters, evacuating the Di∣sease that way, by which mostly a greater benefit is found than by Sweat, because the way by Urine is more natural and easie, and debi∣litates less.

LXIX. Mars Fulminans, Thundering Mars.

Bate.] ℞ Nitre ʒivss. Salt of Tartar ʒjss. Sulphur ʒij. mix and make a Pouder, S. A. It is diuretick, and provokes the Terms.

Salmon.] § 1. What rea∣son there is for the Name of this Medicament (there be∣ing nothing of Mars in it) I know not: Its usual Ap∣pellations are Lapis Fulmi∣nans, and Sal Fulminans, by which Names you may meet with it in Authors.

§ 2. Lemery makes it of Nitre ʒiij. Salt of Tartar, ʒij. Sulphur ʒj. mix together. This Pouder being heated in an Iron-Ladle or Fire-shovel to the weight of ʒj. gives as thun∣dering noise as a Canon it self. Now the fixt Salt of Tartar causes the thunder∣ing noise in this Pouder, which Gold causes in the Aurum Fulminans, viz. it so chains and locks up the Spi∣rits of the Nitre and Sulphur, that they cannot break forth out of their Prison, not be separated without an extra∣ordinary violence.

§ 3. But if you would have it Martial, and to an∣swer the Name given to it, you ought to add to it a proportional part of the Mars Fulminans at Sect. LXVII. § 1. just aforegoing. after this manner. ℞ Fu••∣minating Mars ʒiv. Nitre ʒiij. Salt of Tartar ʒij. Sulphur ʒj••••. mix and make a Pouder, which keep in a Glass close stopt from the Air.

§ 4. Marggrave calls it Nitre Fulminans, and makes it in these proportions. ℞ Ni∣tre p. 18. Salt of Tartar, p. 7. Sulphur p. 6. make each in∣to a fine Pouder and mix them.

§ 5. Le Mort, who calls it Pulvis Tonitruans, makes it in these proportions. ℞ Nitre ʒ 18. Sal-Tartari ʒ 12. Sulphur ʒ 6. mix them S. A. It is by many Tryals that you must find out the true Proportion of the Ingre∣dients; for those quantities which give in firing, the greatest blow or noise, are those which are truly adapt∣ed to the Composition.

§ 6. It is a singular Diu∣retick, opens Obstructions of the Viscera, but chiefly of the Reins and Womb, and has a singular Property in taking away the heat and sharpness of Urine. Dose, à ℈j. ad ʒj. in any proper Ve∣hicle.

§ 7. It is indeed a curious Experiment, for that it de∣monstrates the thundering Property to reside in the Nitre, which consists of an Acid and Alcali, shut up by the Sulphur.

LXX. Mercurij Purgatio, The Cleansing or Purifica∣tion of Mercury.

Bate.] It is done divers ways; either by straining it through Leather; Or washing it with Vinegar and Salt mixt together; Or with Aqua Cal∣cis Vivae, by often stirring it; Or by strongly shaking of it with S. V. in a Glass close stopt; Or by distilling it in Sand by Retort with a strong fire, and that either by it self; Or with the addition of Salt of Tartar, Quick-lime, &c. Or by Amal∣gamating it with Sol, or Luna, and then separating it from the same again by Retort.

Salmon.] § 1. Some only wash it with the best Vine∣gar and Salt, and when it is dry, then they strain it thrô Leather; but by this way it may carry Lead or Bismuth, or some other Mineral where∣with possibly it may be mixt, and therefore this mode of purifying is not suffici∣cient.

§ 2. Others put the Mer∣cury into a Glass or Iron Re∣tort, and distil it into a Re∣ceiver half full of Water, by which means if it has been increased by Lead, Tin, Zinck, or Bismuth, those Metals will remain in the bottom of the Retort, whilst the Mercury runs simple into the Recei∣ver; but by this way if the Mercury has been mixt with any Metal or Mineral which has a Volatile Arsenical Poy∣son, it imbibes it, and car∣ries it along with it.

§ 3. Some put it into a strong Lye made with Quick∣lime or Pot-ashes, or both, which they put into a double Glass bottle well stopt, and then shake them together, to separate the Impurities, then decanting the Liquor, they dry the and Quick-silver, and strain it through Shammoy Leather; but if it be mixt with any Foreign matter, it will pass the Leather with it as aforesaid.

§ 4. But a much better way is to mix it with Salt of Tartar Quick-lime e∣qually mixt and poudered; then to put it into an Iron Retort, and distil into a Re∣ceiver fill'd half full of Wa∣ter, so will the Impurities re∣main behind, and the fixed Alcali will fix the Volatile Poyson of the mixt, by which means the Quick-silver will be very pure.

§ 5. And not inferior to this is the Amalgama of Gold and Silver, from which it may again be purely sepa∣rated by di••••illing from a Glass Retort in Sand with a gradual Fire, leaving all its Foeces, Filth, Impurities and Heterogenities behind it.

§ 6 But the best way of purifying Mercury, and the fittest for all Chymical Ope∣rations, is to revive Cinnabar into fluid Mercury, by which means you will be sure to have pure Mercury as it comes from the first hand; because all the Cinnabar is made near the Mines of Mercury.

§ 7. Moreover, the mix∣ing of Quick-silver with Sulphur by Sublimation is the way by which Cinnabar is made, and it does in some sort graduate and perfect the Mercury; and then the revi∣ving of Mercury into fluid Quick-silver from the Cinna∣bar by Filings of Iron, deli∣ver it from all impurity: how therefore Quick-silver revived from Cinnabar (be∣ing most sought for) is to be done we now come to shew.

§ 8. But in the first place we shall shew you the ma∣king of the Artificial Cinna∣bar of Quick-silver and com∣mon Sulphur, and then from thence the reviving of it a∣gain. ℞ Sulphur in pouder lb ss. melt it in a large Ear∣then Pan (glazed within sa•••• Charras) and put Quick-sil∣ver lbjss. into a piece of Sham∣moy Leather which tie up hard, through which squeeze it upon the melted Sulphur: stir the Matter in fusion with a wood∣en Sputula, and continue

••ressing forth and stirring, ••ill all the Mercury is squeez'd ••hrough the Leather, and so ••nited with the Sulphur, that ••he Quick-silver appearing no ••••ore, they both seem reduced ••••to a black Mass: being cold, ••educe it into a Pouder, and ••ublime it in an Aludel or Earthen Subliming pot, with 〈◊〉〈◊〉 close Fire, (luting well the ••unctures:) let the Fire be ••••ft at first, and gradually in∣••rease it, which continue for some hours; so will the Mer∣••ury being incorporated with ••hat portion of Sulphur which 〈◊〉〈◊〉 fit for it, sublime into a very hard Mass of a very red ••olour, leaving some Feces at ••ottom, especially if any Me∣••al or other Matter had been mixt with it before.

§ 9. The reviving the Quick-silver from the Cinna∣bar, which is its ultimate purification. ℞ Of this Ar∣••ificial Cinnabar in fine pou∣der lbj. Filings of Iron lbj. mix them well together, and put them into a Retort of Earth or Glass well luted, and set it in a Furnace, and put Coals round about it till it be covered 〈◊〉〈◊〉 put lighted Coals a∣bove, so that the Fire may kindle by degrees; then having filled the whole largeness of the Furnace with Coals, co∣ver the Retort and fit a small Receiver to its neck half full of water; leave the Coals to kindle of themselves, and the Fire to act at his own plea∣sure. When the Retort begins to be red, the Mercury will come into the Receiver drop by drop; for the Acids of the Sulphur sticking to the Mars, (with the Pores whereof the Figure of its parts does bet∣ter agree, than with those of the Mercury) and quiting the other, the Fire forces it out of the Retort, and makes it (falling into the water) to re∣sume its former body: by which means all extrinsecal Substances mixed with the Cinnabar, will be stopt in the Retort with the Filings of I∣ron (which Filings will be much rarified. black and in∣creased in weight, because of the addition of the Sulphur, &c.) and the Quick-silver will be at bottom, very pure and fit for any kind of operation.

§ 10. But Lemery does it otherwise with Quick-lime, after this manner. ℞ Pou∣der of Artificial Cinnabar lbj. Quick-lime in pouder lbiij. mix, and put them into an Earthen or Glass Retort, so large as ⅓ may be empty: put it into a Furnace of Reverbe∣ration, with a Recipient al∣most fill'd with Water: give fire gradatim, increasing it

at length to the height, so will the Mercury run gutta∣tim into the Recipient: con∣tinue the fire till no more will come over, which will be fi∣nished in about seven hours time: the Quick-silver at bot∣tom (which will be very pure) dry with Linnen and keep for use.

§ 11. This Mercury thus revived is very pure; for if any Metal was mixed with it in the Mine; or if after∣wards the Cinnabar should be adulterated, the said Me∣tals, or Heterogene Substan∣ces would either remain at bottom, and not rise with the Mercury, or be separated from it in the Receiver; and if your Cinnabar was good▪ you would have out of each Pound of the Artifical ℥ 12½ of flowing Quick-silver.

§ 12. A third part of the Retort is left empty, because the rarified Quick-silver ex∣pands it self with such a ve∣hemency, that it would o∣therwise be in danger of breaking the Retort.

§ 13. Now as Cinnabar is nothing but a mixture of A∣cid Spirits and Mercury toge∣ther with some terren Par∣ticles of the Sulphur: so if you mix it with an Alcalious body, and force it upwards by fire, the Acid leaves the Mercury, and finding the Quick-lime very porous, cleaves thereto; so that the Quick-silver being disingaged from what held it in Chains be∣fore, and being forced by the fire, comes forth of the Re∣tort in form of Spirit, which by the coolness of the water in the Receiver condenses and becomes again Quick-silver.

§ 14. Having mixt your Cinnabar and Quick-lime to∣gether, you ought to let it rest one or two days before you begin your Distillation, that the Lime may slake as it where a whil•• for other∣wise the Retort would burst.

§ 15. But if you use such Quick-lime, as has been already slakt in the Air, you may then begin to distil im∣mediately upon the mixtion: but the former which is un∣slakt is said to be better in the Revivification, because the Alcali will the more strongly absorb the Sulphu∣rous Acid.

§ 16. Upon the Distilla∣tion, a great Sulphurous fume is seen to come out of the Retort, for which rea∣son the Juncture is not to be luted, but the said Sulphu∣rous fume is to be permitted to fly away, for fear, that being kept in, it should joyn

with some part of the Mer∣cury and so unite, whereby you might be put to the trouble of a second Revivi∣fication.

LXXI. Mercurius Sublima∣tus ruber & Flavus, Mer∣cury Sublimate red and yellow.

Bate.] ℞ Mercury, Salt, Vitriol, calcined, A. ℥iv. mix them exactly and sublime: to the Sublimate add Nitre and Alum a little calcin'd, A. ℥iij. mix and make them into a Paste with Vinegar, and sublime a∣gain: separate the Red from the Yellow, wash each by it self with water, dry, and de∣flagrate from each S. V. S. A. It purges chiefly down∣wards, and is a great Se∣cret against the Dropsie, French Pox, Gout, Scabs, Ulcers, Cancers, &c. Dose, gr. 5, 6, 7. &c.

Salmon.] § 1. That is, take Corrosive Sublimate, and mix it with Nitre and Alum, and sublime again▪ and you shall have red and yellow Sublimate: But how the Corrosive Sublimate is to be made we shall here shew you out of Otte Tachenius his Hippocrat. Chymic. Cap. 24. and 25.

§ 2. ℞ Red Precipitate made either perse, or other∣wise of what Condition soe∣ver, mix it with common Salt: urge this Compositum with a moderate fire, and it will he elevated into a Sublimate Cor∣rosive.

§ 2. ℞ Of this Corrosive Sublimate lb 20. Quick-silver lb 280. common Salt, Salt-peter, A. lb 200. of the Caput Mortuum reserved lb 50. Vi∣triol rubified lb 400. reduce all these several to ponder (the Quick-silver excepted) under a Mill Stone, grinding them: then mix the Mercury and Sublimate together, with a part of the common Salt and Salt-peter; and although the Salts be dry, yet by this mix∣ture they become moist, so the Mercury in being mixt with the said Pouders dies; after add the other part of the Salts, proceeding to mix them with t an Iron Instrument, till the Mercury appears no where quick. This mixture is very moist, to which if you have a mind to add the rubified Vi∣triol (which is very dry) it con∣sumes the Humidity in a mo∣ment, and they become alto∣gether as hard as a Stone; wherefore instead of the afore∣said Vitriol, you must add the Caput Mortuum either reser∣ved from the first Sublimation,

from A. F. 'tis all one, so the, mixture becomes moderately dry, which then you must pass through a Sieve: then you may conveniently mix the sif∣ted Pouder with the rubified Vitriol, so will the mixture be made. With this fill six∣teen great Glass Vessels, a fourth part of each of them to be empty; place them on Stillatories, and sublime in an Ash heat (not with a naked fire) in four little Fornaces, each of which is to hold four Vessels: set Limbecks to the Vessels at least loosely, with their Receivers; and with a slow Fire in twenty four hours, the Salts will dissolve the Mer∣cury (in which operation it smells like A. F. and may hazard the strangling of such as suck, it in; after twenty fours the Smell ceases) and then the Mercury begins to sublime: (the A F. which is fortified by the other Ingredients, and serves for Precipitation of Mercury save:) and continue the heat▪ till the Mercury is wholly separated from the Caput Mor∣tuum and sublimed to the top, in form of a Cake, which com∣monly happens about the fifth day, if ••ou have operated right∣ly, When all is cooled, the Glass Vessels (by reas••n of the great weight of the Sublimate) w••ll break of their own accord: the pieces gather up by them∣selves, for they have some Sub∣limate upon them, which scrape off, and therewith you may at another time mortifie running Mercury, in order to make more Corrosive Subli∣mate, according to this present Process.

§ 4. Now here is to be noted, That the Cakes must be curiously taken off with both Hands (avoiding the Ashes) and laid aside, which they call Loaves; of which every one will weigh lb 25. or thereabouts, according to the capacity of the Vessel, which held more or less of the Mixture. So that of lb 280. of Quick-silver, and lb 20. of Sublimate, you will have lb 380. of fresh Subli∣mate: and this is the true way of making Corrosive Sublimate, which every Ar∣tist knows not.

§ 5. Now the Sublimate thus increased in weight lb 80. is not from the Acidity of the rubified Vitriol, as many Chymists think; but only from the Common Salt, which is thus proved: Sub∣lime the same Mercury with the same proportion of Nitre and rubified Vitriol, without common Salt; and the Mer∣cury will ascend Red, acqui∣ring nothing of weight,

or taking from the Corro∣sive.

§ 6. So also if the same Mercury be precipitated with A. F. made of Sure and Vi∣triol, it will be of a shining Red, but require no farther weight. The reason is, that the Sulphur of the Nitre be∣ing joyned with the Sulphur of the Vitriol, do act joint∣ly upon the external Sulphur of the Mercury, whereby it can encrease nothing at all, nor assume a Corrosive Ver∣tue.

§ 7. From what has been said it appears, that rubified Vitriol is not added to in∣crease the weight of the Mer∣cury, as most Chymists think; for then it should not be cal∣cined to the highest red, but to whiteness only, so that its Spirit is net needful to be added to the weight of the Mercury; but the said ru∣bified Vitriol is added that the Sulphurous Nitre, might apprehend the Sulphur of the immature Metal lying hid in the rubified Vitriol, and so by their joint forces dissolve the Mercury.

§ 8. But the quantity is Quadruple to that of the Salts, because they are of easie fusion in the Fire, from which by the rubified Vitriol, they are preserved.

§ 9 Authors to perfect the Sublimate, say that it must be twice or thrice repeated with new Pouders of Salt and Vitriol: But why, and to what purpose is this re∣peated Sublimation with new Pouders? Mercury being once saturated with the Acid Spirits, what needs any reiteration of the Labour? for it absorbs and imbibes as much as it can bear, and as much as it wants from its first Sublimation; and though it be resublimed afterwards an hundred times either by it self, or with new Pouders, it will still remain the same sublimated Mercury:so that that Repetition seems only to be Labour in vain.

§ 10. And because the same sublimed Mercury puts not off, nor deposes the Acid Spirits it has once absorbed, so as to need a resuming the same again from new Ingre∣dients, therefore it needs no Resublimation, nor if it should be resublimed an hundred times with fresh Salt and Vitriol would it become e∣ver the purer or more effica∣ous.

§ 11. Having thus shewn you the true way of Making the Corrosive Sublimate, the remaining part of the Pro∣cess, for making the Subli∣mate

red and yellow, is so plain that it needs no Expli∣cation: It is thus. ℞ Corro∣sive Sublimate ℥v. Nitre, Alum a little calcind, A ℥iij. mix and make a Paste with Vine∣gar, and sublime, S. A. so will you have red and yellow Flow∣ers which separate, &c. ac∣cording to the Prescript.

§ 12. Schroder teaches two ways of making this Subli∣mate which you may see at large in Our Pharmacopoeia, Lond. Lib. 3. Cap. 7. S. 52, § 53. The latter of which he calls Metallick Laudanum; and may be given either of them à gr. iv. ad viij. They purge all vitious Humours chiefly, downwards, and ad∣mirably ease pains.

LXXII. Mercurius praecipi∣tatus albus, white Precipi∣tate.

Bate.] Dissolve Mercury: or Quick-silver in A. F. pre∣cipitate with Salt-water, wash or sweeten and dry. Albus Sub∣dulcis; sweet white Precipi∣tate. Dissolve Quick-silver in Spirit of Nitre, precipitate with S. V. dry, and often burn off from it S. V. S A. The Dose is the same with Mer∣curius Dulcis: It is used in the French-Pox, Dropsie, Gout, Yellow Jaundice, &c.

Salmon.] § 1. Precipita∣tion is an Operation which belongs to all Magisteries; but that Medicament which is signified by the simple name of Precipitate is chiefly Mercury or Quick-silver dissol∣ved in A. F. and separated again according to the fol∣lowing Method.

§ 2 ℞ Quick-silver revi∣ved from Cinnabar ℥viij. A. F. ℥xiij. mix and dissolve, then precipitate with Oil of Tartar per Deliq. or with Salt-brine, i. e. water in which common Salt is dissolved; de∣cant the clear Liquor, and e∣dulcerate the Precipitate with many affusions of fair water, till it is freed from all its Acri∣mony. Dose, à gr. vj. ad x. Rolfincius Chym. Lib. 5. Sect. 6. Cap. 1. It is given in Pills or Bolus: outwardly it is used against Freckles, Spots, and Defedations of the Face, and is called therefore Mercurius Cosmeticus.

§ 3. This is the same way with that declared in our Pharm. Lond. Lib. 3. Cap. 7. Sect. 21. but the Proportions differ, for the Colledge pre∣scribes to Quick-silver, P. ij. A. F. p. j. which is indeed too little of the A.F. by p. ij. for if the Quick-silver be ℥ij. the A. F. ought to be ℥iij. for that with a less quantity a compleat and perfect Dis∣solution

will not so well be made.

§ 4. Zwelfer limits no Proportions but requires a sufficient quantity of the A.F. to be taken. Lemery uses Spirit of Nitre instead of A. F. and to Quick-silver ℥viij. takes of Spirit of Nitre ℥x. and precipitates with Salt-wa∣ter filterated, made of water lbiv. common Salt ℥x. adding unto it Volatile Spirit of Sal-Armoniack ℥ss. and then washes the Precipitate seven times with Fountain-water, drying it in the shade.

§ 5. If you would have the Precipitate very white, the Q. S. ought to be dissol∣ved in a Vessel whose mouth is very large, that so the red Vapours of the Sp. N. may vanish the more easily: and if the Dissolution is made without Fire, it will yet be the whiter.

§ 6. Nor need you religi∣ously retain the exact quan∣tity of Spirit of Nitre here limited, you may either use a little more or less, according to the strength of the Spirit, or its being deflegmated; if perfectly deflegmated, an equal quantity may do.

§ 7. In the Precipitation, you must not make the Wa∣ter too Salt, because the quan∣tity of Salt would keep the Precipitate from falling. But it may seem strange that an Acid Salt (such as Sea-Salt) should be able to precipitate that which the Acidity of Spirit of Nitre had dissolved.

§ 8. To which is answer∣ed, that the Acids do all perform the same things, in pricking and piercing; yet they all differ in the Figure and Sharpness of their Points, as their Fermentati∣on is more or less, so their Points are more subtil, sharp and light; or more thick and dull, which not only the Taste but the Sight also e∣vinces: if you Crystallize various Acids, you will have as many kinds of Crystals, each different in figure, as there were different Dissolutions.

§ 9. And as the Crystals of Vinegar will be sharper than those of Spirit of Nitre; so those of Spirit of Nitre will be sharper than those of Spirit of Vitriol; and those made by Spirit of Vitriol sharper than those made by Spirit of Alum; and those made by Spirit of Alum sharp∣er than those made by Spirit of Salt; each kind of Cry∣stal retaining the figure of its Constituent parts.

§ 10. This being known, it will not be difficult to ex∣plicate the Phaenomenon; for

that Salt or its Spirit contain∣ing Points more gross than those of Spirit of Nitre, and falling on this dissolution, they move, shake, and easily break the Points of the Nitre, impregnated with the Quick-silver, making them let go their hold, and so the Mercury falls down by its own weight.

§ 11. But to facilitate this Precipitation he adds a little Volatile Spirit of Sal-Armo∣niack. which contains a great Alcali, which by reason of its subtilty and agility pe∣netrates every recess of the Liquor, where possibly the Sea-Salt (by reason of the obtuseness of its points) can∣not go.

§ 12. This is evident by this demonstration. First pre∣cipitate with Salt-water, the Liquor being clear decant it: into this decanted Liquor drop Volatile Spirit of Sal-Armo∣niack, and you will find a con∣siderable quantity of Precipi∣tate more to fall, which plain∣ly shews, that the Salt-water had not precipitated all: And if instead of the Spirit of Sal-Armoniack you use Oil of Tartar per Deliquium, you will have more Precipitate, but of an Orange tawny colour.

§ 13. The Precipitation may be made as well with the Spirit of Salt, as with the Salt in Substance: but this Precipitation is not so easily made in Mercury, as in Zinck or Bismuth, because the Pores of the former are smal∣ler than those of the latter, and therefore retain more strongly the Acids with which they are joyned: Al∣so Mercury (being of a Vola∣tile Nature) does more easi∣ly swim in the dissolvent than Zinck, &c. the latter being bodies more sixt.

§ 14. The Dose of white Precipitate is less than that ••f Mercurius dulcis, because it contains a greater quantity of Acid Spirits; but if you ••ublime it alone in a Ma∣trass in a gradual Sand heat (as Charras speaks) you will have a Sublimate as sweet as the other; for that the Fire having acted upon it, de••••roys most of its Acid points, so that it may then be given in full as large a Dose as the common Mercurius dulcis, in Vencral and other inveterate Diseases! it is given in a Bolus a gr. 10. ad 20. or 30. or mixt with some Conserve, or other purgative Reme∣dy.

§ 15. Charras makes his white Precipitate with Q. S. ℥viij. A. F. (made of Nitre and Alum without Vitriol) ℥xij. which he mixes and dis∣solves: and then precipitates with water ℥24. or ℥32. in

which Bay-Salt ℥viij. has been dissolved and fi••tred; putting upon the dissolved Mercury first fair water lbij. and then the Salt-water; by which means the Mercury coagulates into a very white Substance, precipitating to the bottom: the Precipitate being settled, decant the clear Liquor; and edulcorate the Precipitate by many washings with filtered wa∣ter, which dry and keep for use.

§ 16. From this clear de∣canted Liquor you may with Volatile Spirit of Sal-Armo∣niack produce more Preci∣pitate as aforesaid, which remains insensibly in the Par∣ticles of the Liquor; or you may have an Orange tawny, by doing it with a fixt Alcali, as Oil of Tartar per Deliquium.

§ 17. The reason of this Precipitation has in part been explicated at § 8.9.10. and 11. aforegoing; but to such as that may prove no satis∣faction to, we say that pos∣sibly the ••recipitation may be caused by other means; as, either from the Sympathy of Acids one with another by which means another dif∣fering Acid joyning with the former, the former to lay fast hold of the latter, lets go its hold of the Mercury, and so lets it fall down to the bottom.

§ 18. Or else from the Antipathy of their Natures (for there are Acids which will be destroyed one by a∣nother, as well as by Alcali's) the latter Acid opposing the former, and weaking of it so much, as that it cannot be able to suspend the Particles of the Matter dissolved, whereby mixing together they make a kind of new body.

§ 19. But 'tis certain that the quantity of water, not only weakens the A. F. or Spirit of Nitre, but also gives the Salts the liberty of Mo∣tion and Action, making them able to penetrate other Bodies: for though the Cry∣stals of each Salt are all of a different bigness and shape, yet they are either thicker or slenderer, blunter or sharp∣er according to the quantity of Water in which they are dissolved and crystalliz'd; for being dissolved in a lar∣ger quantity of Water the Crystals are much slenderer, finer, and sharper, than if dissolved in a small quantity; for the quantity of Water making a more numerous division of their Particles, it diminishes their quantity, and sharpens their Points, where∣by it renders them more sit to enter one in ano∣ther,

and to unite mutually together.

§ 20. This Precipitate (not being sublimed as at § 14. above) ought to be given on∣ly to Persons of a strong Con∣stitution, à gr. iij. ad viij. or x. because that notwith∣standing all the Lotions; some Particles of the Salts will lie still hidden in its Pores, which cause it to purge upwards and down∣wards.

§ 21. But it is more fre∣quently used externally for the Cure of Scurff, Tettars, Ringworms, Herpes, Pustuls, Redness, and other Defeda∣tions of the Skin, being mixt with Pomatums or Oint∣ments to beautifie the Face: it certainly whitens the Face and Skin; but it ought to be used with caution, be∣cause Mercury is an Enemy to the Native heat. Nerves, Bones, &c. and therefore may at long run prove of ill consequence.

§ 22. Now because of the ill Qualities which the A. F. or Spirit of Nitre gives to the Mercury, you may pre∣pare a white Precipitate thus. ℞ Sal-Armoniack in fine pouder ℥viij. put it into a Glass Cucurbit, and affuse thereon River-water ℥32. dis∣solve in a Sand heat, filter and dissolve therein, Corrosive Sublimate in fine pouder ℥viij. without heat: this done, drop in Guttatim Ol. Tartari per Deliquium ℥iv. this uniting it self with the Acid part of the Salts which ascended in Sublimation will force the Mercury out of its place, and cause it to precipitate into a white Pouder: but at the same time you must affuse on the Precipitation a good quan∣tity of fair Water filtred, both to weaken the dissolvents and moisten the Salts: then the Precipitate being settled, de∣cant from it the clear Liquor, wash and edulcorate it, and dry it between two Papers in the Shade, and keep it for use.

§ 23. This Precipitate purges also like the former, both upwards and down∣wards: but whereas the for∣mer is to be given ad gr. viij. or x. at most; this may be given ad gr. xij. or xiv. be∣cause that the ill qualities of the Acid Salts of the Subli∣mate being enervated by the action of the Sal-Armoniack and Tartar, they cannot ex∣ert their force like those in A. F. or Spirit of Nitre in the former.

§ 24. Now here it is ob∣servable, that Oleum Salis Tar∣tari makes an Orange tawny Precipitate by A. F. but be∣ing cohobated upon the Dis∣solution of Sublimate in Li∣quor of Sal-Armoniack it makes a perfectly white Pre∣cipitate: This Precipitate ought to be given chiefly in Catharticks, as in Confectio Hamech, &c. for the Cure of Veneral Diseases, Kings-Evil, Scurff, Leprosie, and all other Deformities of the Skin, Gouts, Dropsies, and the like Distempers; but outwardly in Pomatums as before directed.

§ 25. Lastly, If you take of the Solution of Quick-silver q. v. and put it into a Glass Matrass, affusing thereon 24. times its weight of fair wa∣ter, all the Liquor will be∣come Milky; let it settle till it becomes clear, then filter it and keep it for use: This Water may be given ab ℥ss. ad ℥j. in a Glass of Decoction of Sarsa, Liquorice, or Broth: it Vomits gently, and pro∣vokes a Salivation: and gi∣ven in the Itch ad ℥ss. it is said to cure it, Universals be∣ing premised as due Purging, Vomiting, &c.

LXXIII. Mercurius Precipi∣tatus correctus; Mercury precipitate corrected.

Bate.] ℞ Mercury purged by Salt and Vinegar ℥ij. double A. F. ℥viij. abstract the A. F. in Sand, with Cohobation: the Precipitate being in pou∣der, affuse thereon Oil of Vi∣triol ℥ij. digest and abstract the Oil: upon the Mercury affuse S. V. digest three days and decant; affusing other S. V. which work, with fresh S. V. repeat the third time, then dry it. Dose à gr. iij. ad x. It purges by Stool; and is a most famous Remedy in the Cure of the French-Pox.

Salmon.] § 1. Schroder shews many ways of cor∣recting Precipitate, as, First, By boiling it in Spirit of Vi∣negar till it is dissolved; then precipitating with S. V. or Oil of Tartar per Deliquium, washing, drying and keep∣ing it for use.

§ 2. Or thus, ℞ Preci∣pitate white, red, yellow, e∣dulcorate often with Rose-wa∣ter; then digest in a good quantity of Camphorated S. V. for twelve or fourteen days, and abstract the S. V.

§ 3. Or thus: ℞ Pre∣cipitate, wash it well in distil∣led Water, then let it be gent∣ly reverberated and fixed with water of Eggs, often cohobated. To which add as a fourth way, the Method prescribed by our Author.

§ 4. By these ways the Emetick property of the Pre∣cipitate is much abated if not taken away; but of them all, that of our Authors is thought to be the best: that corrected with Camphorated S. V. is chiefly given in Fea∣vers, and is good against the Spotted Feaver, Purples, Plague or Pestilence, and all sorts of malign and contagi∣ous Diseases; in which cases it is given only, à gr. iij. ad vj.

§ 5. Precipitate (after the other ways of Correction, chiefly that of our Author) may be given in a Inve∣terate Lues, as also in Quar∣tan Agues, Kings-Evil, Dropsies, Gouts, and other the most obdurate Diseases of the Humane Body, pro∣ceeding from Obstructions: you may mix it either in Mithridate, or Extractum Catholicum, Confectio Ha∣mech, &c. à gr. iv. ad x.

§ 6. Outwardly also it is applied to soften indurated Tumours as a Scirrhus, Scro∣fula, &c. but chiefly in cu∣ring Veneral Tophs, Gums, and Nodes, Herps miliaris, profound Scabs, Tettars, Ring-worms, &c. for Scabs, Herps, &c. Mix it thus: ℞ Hogs-Lard, or Veal-Suet, washed with Rose-water ℥ij. White Precipitate ℥jss. Sac∣charum Saturni ℥j. mix and make an Ointment: in Tophs and indurated Glandules, rub the part affected very well first with a hot Cloth, and then apply the Oint∣ment.

§ 7. And then upon the Veneral Toph you may ap∣ply this Emplaister. ℞ Pre∣cipitate not washed ℥ij. Hogs-Lard washed in Rose-wa∣ter ℥iv. Bees-wax ℥j. Tur∣pentine ℥ss. Olibanum in Pouder and Mastick, A. ʒij. mix and make an Emplaister, to be applied as aforesaid.

LXXIV. Mercurius praecipi∣tatus fixus; Precipitate fix'd.

Bate.] ℞ Purified Quick-silver ℥iij. Sal Armoniack ℥iss. Flowers of Sulphur ℥ij. mix and sublime; beat and mix the sublimate with the feces, and sublime again; then aug∣ment the fire, that it may be red hot; what remains fixed in the bottom is called a Pana∣cea, or Alcohol. It moves all sorts of noxious Humors, and expels them by Sweat. Dose ℈ss. ad ʒss.

Salmon.] § 1. The Pre∣script you have exactly in Schroder, Pharm. lib. 3. c. 15. The Ingredients are so well to be mix'd, till none of the Quicksilver appears for other∣wise the sublimation will be made but in part, and that is the reason of a second sub∣limation, because 'tis impos∣sible but some grains may e∣scape grinding at first.

§ 2. The first Sublimate is therefore to be ground again with the Feces, and then to be sublimed after the same manner as before; and at last the Fire is to be encrea∣sed, to make what will to ascend, so will that which ascends not be fixed, and as Schroder says, is a great Se∣cret.

§ 3. In this Operation a part of the Mercury is only fixed, which part is fixed by the Acid of the Sulphur in conjunction with the Acid part of the Sal Armoniack, by help of a second sublimation, as Hofman thinks.

§ 4. It expels preternatu∣ral Humidities, and malign Serosities in the Venereal Di∣sease, disposing running Ul∣cers to a healing; but says Hofman, it expels them not without salivation, as Expe∣rience testifies. However, it is more gentle than Turpethum Minerale, or any other sali∣vating Precipitate.

LXXV. Mercurius Precipi∣tatus Flavus; i. e. Turpe∣thum Minerale; Yellow Precipitate.

Bare.] The Dose is à gr. 5. ad 10. It has the same Ver∣tues with Arcanum Coralli∣num.

Salmon.] § 1. How it is particularly to be done, you may see at large in our Pharm. Lond. lib. 3. cap. 7. sect. 43. as also another Pre∣script according to the Col∣leges method, which you may see in the place cited.

§ 2. But Lemery has a more exact way, which is this: ℞ Quick-silver revived from Cinnabar ℥iv. put it in∣to a glass Retort, and affuse thereon rectified Oyl of Vitriol ℥xvj. mix and dissolve, and distil off the humidity in sand, making the fire so strong to∣wards the end, that it may drive out some of the last spi∣rits; at bottom you will find a white mass; break the Retort, and take it, pouder it in a glass Mortar, (it will weigh about ℥vss.) and affuse thereon warm Water, so will it presently change into a yel∣low Precipitate or Pouder, which edulcorate by many re∣peated Ablutions, then dry it in the shade, and you will have ℥iij ¼. then put it into a Glass, and keep it close stopt for use.

§ 3. Le Mort uses the same Ingredients and Proportions, but he evaporates the Humi∣dity over a strong Fire, after dissolution, because that which is distilled off is ex∣ceeding weak, the Mercury retaining the greatest part of the acid Spirits, which are the matter that purge so ve∣hemently, though many of them be taken away by the Lotion.

§ 4. He would have the Vessel to have a red-hot heat, but it ought to be short, lest most of the Salts vanishing, the Mercury should become a grey pouder.

§ 5. And though Authors say, that the greater quantity which the Mercury drinks up of the Oyl, the greater will be its fixation; yet that is quantity sufficient enough, which will dissolve and retain the Mercury; what is more does but encrease the labour and augment the price of the Medicament.

§ 6. The Water which is decanted off in the edulcora∣tion is not to be rejected, be∣cause it contains dissolved in it some of the Mercury, thro' the mediation of the Spirit adhering: This by some fix'd Salt (as of Tartar) is precipitated of an intense yel∣low, or an Orange-tawny colour, nearly of the same nature with the Turpethum Minerale, but more mild or gentle.

§ 7. Beguinus uses Oyl of Sulphur per Campanum, in∣stead of Oyl of Vitriol, but his proportions and way of do∣ing it are wholly the same with the former. And this Turpethum Minerale, he saith, is the best Precipitation which is prepared from simple Mer∣cury; and in this, I think, he is in the right.

§ 8. That Oyl of Sulphur is better for this Preparation than Oyl of Vitriol, you have the Suffrage of Crolliuc, who not only prescribes Oyl of Sul∣phur, but prefers it before all other corrosive Oyls, and affirms, that it far more powerfully precipitates and coagulates it than Oyl of Vi∣triol, so that it will endure a much stronger Fire. His method of making it is thus:

§ 9. ℞ Quicksilver puri∣fied ℥iv. rectified Oyl of Sulphur per Campanum, q. s. mix and dissolve, digesting two days in Sand, afterwards by Retort; distil with a gentle heat; the liquor which comes off cohobate and repeat it the third time; the fourth time add a little more fresh Oyl of Sulphur, in a new and well-luted Retort; distil again, and about the end encrease the Fire, that the Retort may grow very hot, and so distil, that the Mercury may be precipitated or left at bot∣tom in a white mass: Break the Vessel with an Iron Ring, take out the matter, grind it on a Marble very well, and with distilled Rain-water warm, wash away the Acrimony in a Glass with a wide mouth; work it well for four hours to∣gether, let it settle and decant: This washing so often repeat, till no sharpness be perceived, and the Precipitate becomes a pure yellow pouder; this pouder put into a Bolt-head, which tye over with a paper, and place it in a pretty strong Sand-heat, to digest for eight days, in which time, if any of the Mercury is not sufficiently dissolved and precipitated, it will spontane∣ously sublime it self in the neck of the Glass, which afterwards with a red hot Iron Ring cut off; the mass at bottom take out, and burn off thrice from it Spirit of Wine, then careful∣ly put it up for use.

§ 10. Now, a sign that the Preparation is well per∣formed is, that if it be strong∣ly stirred with Gold, the Gold will not be made white at all thereby, (as it is when it is touched with crude Mer∣cury) the Precipitate is there∣fore better, and may more securely be taken inwardly into the Body.

§ 11. Nor is it needful that it be altogether fixt, for so it loses its purging Vertue, nor will it operate then in Man's Body at all.

§ 12. And though Oyls of Vitriol or Sulphur be the strongest and most caustick Acids of those Minerals, yet they are much weaker than Spirit of Nitre, and so require a greater quantity of them,

and a longer time to dissolve the Mercury in, for the disso∣lution will hardly be di∣spatch'd in ten hours.

§ 13. This Precipitate, as well as all others, may be revived into Quicksilver again, by mixing with Lime, and distilling them, as in the Revivification of Cinnabar, for the Alcali of the Lime de∣stroys the Acids which dis∣guise the Quicksilver.

§ 14. Mercury, says Crol∣lius, is the Balsam of Nature, in which is an incarnative vertue, whereby it wonder∣fully restores and purifies the microcosmick body infected with the French Pox; for when the whole mass of Blood is corrupted and tain∣ted with the Seminaries of many Diseases, then these Metallicks, rarified like Fire, acquire such a penetrating force, that they pass through the whole habit of the Body.

§ 15. Schroder, Zwelfer, Marggrave, and Maets follow Crollius, in making it with Oyl of Sulphur; but Charras makes it with either Oyl of Sulphur or Vitriol, and distils as aforesaid, in which, he says, the first Water that comes away will be almost insipid; but towards the end the acid Spirits will also come over in part, the Mercury re∣taining a good part of the Spirits which dissolved it.

§ 16. But whereas those who make it with Oyl of Vi∣triol use only a double quan∣tity of it, if you use Oyl of Sulphur instead thereof, you ought, says Le Mort, to have a greater proportion: And Maets uses it in a triple, viz. to Mercury ℥j. Oyl of Sul∣phur ℥ij.

§ 17. Haec massa si in cru∣cibulo, igne aperto, fundatur, habebis substantiam fixam, quam Poterius elaborat in substantiam auream, ex qua formari possunt annuli, & ul∣terius in Mercurium fixum elaborari. Collect. Chym. cap. 258. pag. 289.

§ 18. The Vertues ascri∣bed to this famous Medicine are many, we will deliver you them from Crollius him∣self, though possibly the Au∣thor of this work has had as large Experience thereof as any man living upon Earth. It is a Remedy (says he) against Diseases from putre∣faction of Humors, and in desperate Distempers there is scarcely any thing that gives more speedy relief.

§ 19. It expels all viscous Humors, helps Defluxions of the Brain, purifies the Blood in the Veins, and the Marrow in the Bones; it is a Specifick

in the Dropsy and Gout, gi∣ven in a Cathartick Pill, and in the Pleurisie with a Speci∣fick Vehicle, (given to Infants afflicted with Coughs and Shortness of Breath, or ful∣ness of the Praecordia, it is wonderfully profitable, the first day being exhibited half a grain, the second and third days a grain, in some pecto∣ral Syrup.)

§ 20. It is good against venereal Poysons and Scabs, all sorts of Feavers, continual and intermitting, the French Pox, though inveterate, for it heals and eradicates all ve∣nereal Ulcers, Gums, Tophs, Nodes, Warts, &c. by reite∣rating the Dose; cures the Jaundice, and all sorts of running Sores.

§ 21. Paracelsus, in curing the Lues Venerea, exhibited it in Electuary of Juice of Roses: And Phoedro very happily removed Venereal Tumors, giving it with Spi∣rit of Tartar: Heuserus (who published Paracelsus's Works) affirms, that in his most fre∣quent exhibiting thereof, he never found any detriment to ensue, unless sometimes in cholerick Vomitings, where it excited sometimes pain or heat in the Throat and Mouth, which presently by using a Gargarism or Terra Sigillata was removed.

§ 22. The Dose is à gr. ij. ad v. or vj. but now in our days bold Artists will venture to give it to gr. viij. or xij. such great Doses ought not to be adventur'd on, except to very strong persons. It is gi∣ven mixt with Pil. Ruffi, Pil. Rudii, Confectio Hamech, or purging Extracts, and it ope∣rates better being given in Juice of Liquorice, than in Mithridate or Venice Treacle; Conserve or Sugar of Roses are good Vehicles, or it may be swallowed made up into Pills with white Bread, drin∣king a little Wine or Cordial Water after it.

LXXVI. Mercurius Praecipi∣tatus griseus; Grey Preci∣pitate.

Bate.] ℞ Turpethum Mi∣nerale, wash it in Rose-water, and dry it, then imbibe it in rectified S. V. and add Cam∣phir dissolved in a like quanti∣ty of the said rectified S. V. from whence with a gentle fire abstract the Spirit S. A. Dose à gr. iij. ad viij. &c. It purges downwards, or by Stool.

Salmon.] § 1. That is, to ℥i. of Turbeth Minerale wash∣ed

in Rose-water, ••ried and imbibed with rectified S. V. you must add Camphir ℥j. dissolved in a sufficient quan∣tity of rectified S. V. and then with a very gentle Fire abstract the Spirit. See the Officina Chymica.

§ 2. It has all the vertues of Turbeth Mineral, but works chiefly downwards, for which reason it makes not the Patient so sick, nor so much out of order, and there∣fore may be given in the lar∣ger d••s••, as à gr. iv. ad x. according to Age and Strength.

§ 3. It cures the French Pox, and all the Symptoms attending it, as virulent Go∣norrhoea's, Gleets, Gums, Tophs, Nodes; and particu∣larly it is a Specifick against Nocturnal Pains, being given in a little Mithridate, or Con∣serve of Roses, at night going to bed, and sleeping upon it, repeating the dose for two or three nights together, and then ceasing two or three nights, or purging with some gentle Cathartick, to carry off the Recrements of the matter, and prevent Saliva∣tion, after which it is to be taken in like manner for two or three nights more, and the same method to be continued till about 10 or 12 doses are taken.

§ 4. It is an excellent thing also against the Scurvy, Dropsy, Gout, Jaundice, Scabs, Itch, Lep••osy, Tetters, Ring-worms, Feavers, and all Di∣seases whatsoever, proceeding from corruption and putrefa∣ction of the Humors, but it must be used with the Cau∣tion aforementioned, to avoid Salivation: In Agues give it six hours before the coming of the Fit.

LXXVII. Mercurius Praeci∣pitatus Incarnatus; Flesh∣colour'd Precipitate.

Bate.] ℞ Mercury or Quicksilver ℥i. which dissolve in A. F. ℥ij. add to it boiling Water ℥iij. and precipitate with new made Ʋrine, wash and dry S. A. It only works by Stool, and has the same vertues with the Arcanum Co∣rallinum. Dose gr. vj. ad xij.

Salmon.] § 1. The Urine ought to be the Urine of a sound man, which, as Hart∣man says, must be so much as may be sufficient to moisten the Mercury, by which means the Mercury will be preci∣pitated Incarnate. This only works downwards, says he,

and may be given à gr. vj. ad xij.

§ 2. But Charras advises, to put in the Urine so long till the Ebulition ceases: The colour, says he, proceeds from the union of the Spirit of Nitre with the Salt of Urine, and the impression which that conjunction makes upon the Mercury.

§ 3. And the unition of the Urine with the Spirit of Nitre renders the effects of this Precipitate more gentle than that of Turbeth Mineral, whose effects depend chiefly upon the last Spirits of Vitriol or Sulphur, which have dis∣solved it, and are as it were concentrated with it, for which reason this Precipitate purges only downwards.

§ 4. It is an excellent thing against the French Pox, and all its numerous Sym∣ptoms or Attendants, but is found to be a Specifick against the Stone, whether in the Reins or Bladder (for which I have prov'd it an ex∣cellent thing) as also in the Gout, Dropsy, Jaundice, and Rheumatism.

§ 5. It is a valuable Re∣medy, and as it may be given safer than many other Preci∣pitates, so also with more eminent and certain effects.

§ 6. Now, by reason Urine contains an alcalious Salt dissolved, when drop'd or put into the dissolution of Mercury in A. F. or Spirit of Nitre, it breaks or destroys the edges or points of the Acid, which held up the Mercury imperceptible, and served like as Finns to make it swim in the dissolvant, so that the Quicksilver having nothing to bear it up, it pre∣cipitates by its own weight.

§ 7. And in this all Alca∣lies agree, in enervating or destroying the power of the Acid; yet nevertheless they always do it with some diffe∣rence in their action, which evidently appears in the dif∣ferent-colour'd Precipitates, which can only be attributed to proceed from their several ways and manners of wor∣king upon Acids, whereby they dispose and modifie the Particles of the precipitated body, so as to be capable of breaking various ways the beams of Light, and so by re∣flection to make as many ap∣pearances of colour.

§ 8. For corrosive Subli∣mate being dissolved in boi∣ling fair Water, if you drop into it Oil of Tartar per de∣liquium, you have a reddish or Orange-tawny Precipitate; if Urine, another colour'd

Pouder; if Spirit of Sal Ar∣moniack, the Precipitate will be white; but if Lime-water, the Precipitate will be yel∣low.

§ 9. Now, in all these the Mercury and its Dissolvent is one and the same, and all the Precipitants are Alcalies, yet you see different colours arise, which can only be from the difference of the Alcali, and its different way of wor∣king upon the Acid.

§ 10. These Precipitates now are no longer Poysons, though they are produced from corrosive Sublimate; for the Acid which made the Mercury poysonous, being now enervated and destroy∣ed, and the Mercury being thereby delivered, it resumes its former innocent nature, and becomes sweet▪ and friendly to Nature.

§ 11. If upon the Liquor of the Orange-tawny Preci∣pitate you should affuse Oyl of Vitriol or Sulphur, the Acid, by contending and pe∣netrating the Oleum Tartari, would cause an Ebulition, whereby the Alcali would be destroyed, and the Precipi∣tate again dissolved, and the liquor becoming clear, would be a Poyson, as before.

§ 12. But by affusion again of fresh Oyl of Tartar, then Spirit of Sal Armoniack upon it, you would have again new reddish and white Precipitates.

§ 13. Lastly, If upon this Liquor and Precipitates you should affuse again more Oyls of Vitriol or Sulphur, (but in a larger quantity than be∣fore, because the Acid has not only the Mercury to dissolve anew but also a greater quantity of the Alcali to con∣tend withal) you will find the whole to be clear again, and resume its former poyso∣nous nature.

LXXVIII. Mercurius Praeci∣pitatus Laxativus; Laxa∣tive Precipitate.

Bate.] It is made of Mer∣cury or Quicksilver, by putting to it Oyl of Vitriol or Sulphur, and digesting in a Sand-heat, till the Mercury is crystallized; these Crystals are put into a Crucible, and made red-hot, for an hour, by the help of a proper fire, then being cast in∣to hot water, a yellow pouder precipitates: Decant the wa∣ter, and take the pouder, which wash and dry, burning off from it. S. V. S. A. It pur∣ges 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, sursum & deorsum, upwards and down∣ward. Dose gr. iij. ad x. It is of wonderful force in

rooting out and destroying the French Pox, Gout, Yel∣low Jaundice, Dropsie, Scabs, &c.

Salmon.] § 1. Hartman was the Author of it, and out of his Pract. Chym. pag. mea, 8. b. we will give you it word for word, translation only excepted.

§ 2. ℞ Quicksilver q. s. upon which affuse Oyl of Sul∣phur per Campanum, so much as to overtop the Mercury an inch; set them so long in a hot Ash-heat, till by the heat the Mercury is coagulated, which will be in the space of thrre hours; cover the Vessel with Paper, through which the volatile spirits may pass, then cool the Vessel, and take out the matter, and if any of the Quicksilver happen to remain in the bottom, separate it: The matter pulverize, and put it into a Crucible, letting it stand in an open fire for an hour, till the whole is red-hot, which done, remove the Cruci∣ble, and put the matter into warm water, and it will be∣come a very bright pouder: Decant that water, and affuse more, washing it and drying it; then digest it with S. V. fiften days; afterwards decant the S. V. and dry the Mercury upon hot Iron Plates.

§ 3. It purges both by Vomit and Stool, and evacu∣ates all malign and evil Hu∣mors in the French Pox, Rheumatism, Scurvy, Gout, Dropsy and Jaundice, and removes most Diseases pro∣ceeding from Obstructions of the Vilcera. Dose à gr. v, ad x, or xij. if in strong Bodies.

§ 4. Modus Utendi. ℞ Mithridate ʒss. or ʒj. of this Precipitate à gr. iv. ad x. Oyl of Citrons or Limons gut. iij. mix for a Dose, to be given at night going to Bed, and repeated for two or three nights, then intermit∣ting it for three or four days, it may be given in like man∣ner again.

§ 4. But if the Sick should be in danger of fluxing, (as some easie Bodies will be) you must either take a purg∣ing Dose or two after eve∣ry second or third Dose, or else give it in a Cathartick after this manner: ℞ Con∣fectio Hamech ʒss. ad ʒj. of this Precipitate gr. viij. Oyl of Limons gut. iij. mix for a Dose. Or thus: ℞ Pil. Co∣chiae ʒss. of this precipitate gr. vj. ad x. Oyl of Oranges gut. iij. mix for a dose.

LXXIX. Mercurius Praeci∣pitatus per se; Mercury precipitated by it self.

Bate.] ℞ Mercury put it into a Glass with a broad bot∣tom, high and very close-neckt, place it exactly in Sand, and give fire by degrees, till the Mercury is converted into a rubicund pouder, which take and wash with S. V. It is a work of many days, it won∣derfully provokes Sweat, and at 6 or 7 times taking per∣fectly eradicates the French Pox. It takes away all Fea∣vers, kills Worms, and in many causes violent Vomi∣ting. Dose à gr. iij. ad vj. but the Precipitate will be more effectual if it be made with an eighth part of Sol; as hereafter is declared.

Salmon.] § 1. This is a sin∣gular Preparation, and the best of all the Precipitates, and therefore we shall be a little more exact in observing what Authors have said con∣cerning it. Crollius makes it thus: Take a Glass flat and broad, (near a cubit in breadth) high, and very close-neck'd, ha∣ving an Orifice no bigger than a Needle may go into, turn'd in with a wide mouth, that the Mercury may be poured into it: Into this Glass put purified Quicksilver, so much as may every where cover the bottom, place it so exactly in Sand, that no part of the Mercury, by the unequal placing of the Glass, be either higher or lower; this done, decoct it at first with a gentle heat, then with a more strong fire, till it becomes a most red pouder like Cinnabar, which edulcorate with Cordial Waters, or S.V.

§ 2. This, says he, power∣fully provokes Sweat, and being 6 or 7 times exhibited in a Lues Venerea, it wholly roots out and exterminates the Disease; more especially if other things necessary in this Cure be also duly per∣formed, it cures all sorts of Feavers, both continual and intermitting.

§ 3. Schroder makes it exactly after the same man∣ner, but says it is a work of thirty days. Besides the for∣mer Vertues, he says, it kills Worms, but vomits violent∣ly, and commends it more if it be made with an eighth part of Gold.

§ 4. Rolfincius Chym. lib. 5 sect. 6. cap. 3. Prepares it in a like Vessel, and almost after the same manner; in the space of eight days he coagulates it, then breaks the Vessel, grinds the matter into a most subtil pouder in a glass Mortar, then

puts it again into a glass Vessel, and digests in a sand-heat for four or five days more, or till all things within grow black; he breaks the Vessel again, and pulverizes the matter anem, putting it into a new Phial, and makes a calcination with an intense degree of Fire, till the Mercury rises up or shoots forth into a kind of Grove (as it were) of little Trees, or a company of young Shoots and slender Sprigs growing together as out of the Ground, of an Orange-tawny or red colour, which by little and little fall down again. This, says he, loosens the Belly, provokes Sweat, and oftentimes causes vomiting.

§ 5. Le Febure makes it thus: ℞ A double Vessel, cal∣led by Chymists Infernus, or A Hell, flat and broad in the bottom; put into it purified Quicksilver, i. e. revived from Cinnabar ℥iij. or iv. stop the upper part of it with a single Paper, and place it in Sand equally in its poise, so as the Quicksilver may be evenly spread upon the whole bottom of the Vessel, lying no thicker on one part than on another, that the Fire may equally work on the whole: Make at first a soft Fire, and encrease it by degrees, till all the Q. S. be changed, calcined, or precipi∣tated into a red Pouder, like Mineral-Cinnabar, very bright, shining and sparkling to the Eye, then digest it the space of 21 days in Alcohol of S. V. afterwards, deflagrate from it also rectified S. V. seven times, so will the decoction and fixa∣tion of it be perfected.

§ 6. This, says he, is an universal Remedy against all Agues, and a true Specifick against the French Pox, which it radically cures, if given seven times to the Patient, to provoke Sweating, for it is an infallible Sudorifick. It kills also Worms in the Sto∣mach, Guts, and Intestinum Rectum.

§ 7. The Dose is à gr. ij. ad viij, in some Conserve, Confection, or Cordial Ex∣tract; the Sick must keep his Bed when he uses it, and must be sure to be well co∣vered, patiently expecting the Diaphoresis, which will not fail to bring along with it the desired effects.

§ 8. Nor must the Artist himself grow weary in the preparation of this Medica∣ment, though the Operation be long and tedious, for he must take care to govern and manage the Fire with Judg∣ment and Discretion, other∣wise he will be often forced to begin his work anew, for

a small fault in the Fire will cause the Vessel to break.

§ 9. This Operation is very tedious, by reason of the length of time in which it is a doing, for it can scarce∣ly be perfected under fourty days; yea, sometimes it may be 90, 100, or 120 days, be∣fore it may be accomplished, according as you take care to prepare your Mercury well or ill, and according to your care and assiduity in keeping and managing your Fire.

§ 10. Now 'tis only Sul∣phur can rubifie Mercury, as evidently appears by its re∣duction into Cinnabar, from which reason and the former operation of calcining it per se, it is evident, that common Quicksilver has a Sulphur ex∣ternal and separable from the Essence of Mercury. To this Experience we may add the Testimonies of Geber, and many other of the Ancients, and learned in this Art, who continually testifie the same.

§ 11. When it is resusci∣tated or regenerated out of Silver, or any other perfect Metal, so as to be exquisite∣ly cleansed from any foreign or poysonous matter, and then according to Art preci∣pitated to a redness, it be∣comes a Medicine not to be despised, which provokes neither Stool nor Vomit un∣less it be given in an unrea∣sonable Dose.

§ 12. The external Sul∣phur in Mercury (says Tache∣nius) is the cause of Vomit and Salivation, and not the corrosive Spirits with which it is precipitated or sublima∣ted, which the very anointing with crude Quicksilver proves; wherein the acid Sulphur of the Mercury, piercing the Skin, after the manner of other Acids, joyning with the inward occult Acid of the Body, absorbs the Alcaly of the Ventricles, and by ma∣king the internal Acid of the Body more acid, and a most strong Poyson, it extinguishes the alcalious faculty, and then resolves, as Causticks do, all the Aliments and Juices of the Body into a putrid Recre∣ment.

§ 13. So this occult veno∣mous acidity of the Sulphur of Mercury does primarily hurt the Gums and Teeth, for all Sulphur (witness the Oleum Sulphuris per Campa∣num) has an occult Acid: And as Mercury has an ex∣ternal Sulphur, (containing in it an occult venomous Acid) so by vertue of that Sulphur it is precipitaed per se (as be∣fore declared) by the assi∣stance of a gentle and con∣stant fire.

§ 14. For this reason it is that Tachenus would have Mercury regenerated out of Silver, or other perfect Me∣tals, that it may be freed from its external and poyso∣nous Sulphur; then, says he, wanting that Sulphur, as it can never be precipiated per se, though decocted a whole year in the abovena∣med flat-bottom'd Vessel, with a proper Fire, yet will it move Sweat, and sweetly perform its Operations, Rea∣son and Experience confir∣ming as much.

§ 15. And being thus di∣vided in its essential parts, (viz. freed from its poyso∣nous Sulphur) it may be re∣conjoyn'd with new and per∣fect Sulphur, and then it will become the subject of all Won∣der. And if it be sublimed with Sulphur to rubifie it, (as in the Preparation of Cinnabar) yet will it gain little or nothing in weight: which is an Observation worth the considering.

§ 16. It remains only that we shew you Charras's way of performing the Operation of the vulgar Precipitate per se, and so conclude this Section. Get an Infernus, which is a Vessel of double Glass, the neck whereof must be long and very much like a Funnel, and the bottom there∣of large and very broad; put into it Mercury revived from Cinnabar ℥iv. set it in a Lamp-Fornace, in a sand-heat, &c. then having filled a Lamp with Oyl, and lighted three Cotton Wicks of a fit bigness, and put them under the Sand Vessel; so order it that they may burn without ceasing, and that the Oyl may not fail for fifteen days, at the end whereof make every Wick a third part bigger, and keep them lighted for fifteen other days: After thirty days make every Wick bigger by one half, burning as before for another month, or till the Q. S. becomes a red and shining pouder.

§ 17. Where note, that it is enough all the time to co∣ver the top of the Vessel with a single Paper, and to take care that the Oyl be not wan∣ting in the Lamps, but that all the Wicks may burn equally, and continually cast∣ing their Flame at an equal distance, to the bottom of the Sand-vessel: This work is tedious, but that trouble not great, if you have a Ves∣sel and Fornace proper, and that the Vessel be set in an equal poise.

§ 18. The Pouder wash with Cordial Waters, or di∣gest for some days in Alcohol

of Wine, then abstract the Spirit, and keep the Pouder for use.

§ 19. It is diaphoretick, and apt to provoke great Sweats, but often causes vo∣miting withal; but it is one of the best Preparations of Mercury, for the rooting out Venereal Distempers; and curing Agues; and it is a Specifick for killing Worms of all sorts, being given à gr. ij. ad viij. in some proper Conserve or Sweating Ele∣ctuary or Bolus.

LXXX. Mercurius Praecipi∣tatus ruber; Red Precipi∣tate.

Bate.] Dissolve Quicksilver ℥i. in A. F. ℥ij. abstract the A. F. from the Mercury by di∣stillation with three cohobati∣ons, till the Mercury becomes a red pouder. It has the ver∣tues of the former.

Salmon.] § 1. This is cal∣led Vigo's Precipitate, because he was the Author of it; and he made it by dissolving Quicksilver in A F. and then evaporating to dryness, the Fire being encreased, till the bottom of the Vessel is made red-hot, whereby is made a most red sparkling Pouder, which is the vulgar red Pre∣cipitate.

§ 2. And of this is made that Medicament which is called The Prince's Pouder, a thing much famed of late years in London, thus: ℞ Of the former red Precipitate ℥i. grind it upon a Porphyry to a subtil Pouder; add to it ʒij. of Oleum Tartari per deliq. which digest together 24 hours, stirring it now and then; up∣on this put tartarised S. V. to overtop it an inch, and defla∣grate it, which repeat twenty times, and it is done.

§ 3. This is the true Re∣cipe, as it came from the Prince's own Hand, and was communicated to me by Sir Francis Blundel Baronet, of Kings-County in Ireland, who purchas'd it of the said Prince with a considerable sum of Money. It is given in the Yolk of an Egg or Conserve of Roses, Mithri∣date, &c. The Prince gave it ʒss. ad ʒj. which in my opi∣nion is too great a dose, it may be given à gr. iij. ad x, xij, xv, or xx. according to the age, strength, and malig∣nity of the Disease.

§ 4. It is famous in curing the French Pox, and all the Symptoms attending it, as also the Scurvy, Dropsy, Gout, Sciatica, and most Chronick Diseases which af∣flict the extream parts; and

I have known it to be a Specifick against the Stone, Sand, Gravel, and all manner of Obstructions of the Reins and Bladder, doing that in those cases which none of the vulgar Nephriticks and Diu∣reticks could possibly per∣form.

§ 5. From the process of the Prince's Pouder it appears, that it is nothing but Common red Precipitate corrected with Oyl of Tartar and Spirit of Wine, by which the greatest part of the Acid remaining in the vulgar Precipitate is absorbed or destroyed, and so thereby the Medicament made more mild and gen∣tle.

§ 6. And of this Opinion was Tachenius in his Clavis, where he says, If upon red Precipitate you pour Alcali of Tartar, and leave it for an hour in a warm place, the whole pouder will become ob∣scurely yellow, or of an Orange-tawny colour, because the Alcali has in part absorbed the Cau∣stick Acid left by the Aqua-fortis.

§ 7. But the Vertues of the simple Red Precipitate without correction is strongly and without almost any pain, to absume and eat up the thicker Sordes of Ulcers, cal∣lous proud Flesh, Apostemes in the Fundament, and other like Excrescencies; yea, it cures all sordid, putrid, mat∣tery, callous Shingles, some∣times alone, and sometimes in Emplasters or Unguents, as necessity requires.

§ 8. Rolfincius Chym. lib. 5. sect. 6. cap. 2. makes it after the vulgar manner, and says, that it is very rarely given inwardly; but if so exhibi∣ted, that it works powerfully 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, both by Vomit and Stool, which after many Lotions in Rose-water he gives à ℈ss. ad ℈j. which is a Dose in my opinion too large by two thirds of it, unless corrected as abovesaid after the manner of the Princes Pouder. See my Pharm. Lond. lib. 3. cap. 7. sect. 22.

§ 9. Charras makes this vulgar Red Precipitate thus: ℞ Good Quicksilver, or refined, A. F. or Spirit of Nitre A. put them into a glass Retort in a gentle sand-heat to dissolve, then bury the Retort in Sand all over, fitting to it a Recei∣ver; encrease the fire gradual∣ly, and continue it till the A. F. or Sp. Nitri is almost all drawn off; letting all cool, co∣hobate the A. F. or S. Nitri upon the Mercury in the Re∣tort, and draw it off again as before: Cohobate this three times and abstract forcing the

fire at last more than ordinary to augment the colour of the Precipitate, which will be of a much fairer red than that which is calcined at the end in a Crucible, where you lose of the weight of the Mercury, and are endangered by the poysonous Vapors of the A. F. or Sp. Ni∣tri, &c. The shining red mass at bottom, if you intend to give it inwardly (says he) must be pouder'd, and re∣ctified S. V. is to be deflegma∣ted from it, and so kept in a glass Bottle close stopt for use.

§ 10. He gives it inward∣ly to men of strong Consti∣tutions ad gr. vij, or viij. at most at a time; but its prin∣cipal use is for outward ap∣plications, as well in Poma∣tums and other Remedies to cure the defedations of the Skin, as to be mixed with other Oyntments and Bal∣sams to consume proud Flesh and other superfluities of ma∣lign and venereal Ulcers; and it is the usual Remedy which Chyrurgions apply to Cankers and Warts upon the secret parts.

§ 11. But here is to be noted, that if you intend to give it inwardly, you must not use A. F. in the prepara∣tion thereof, but Spirit of Nitre, or an A. F. made only of Nitre and Alum.

§ 12. Maets and Marg∣grave both make it after the same manner, but without any cohobation of the abstra∣cted Spirit, and at last cal∣cine it a little, (for if the Fire should be continued too long, all the corrosive Spirits would be forced from the Mercury, whereby some part of it would be revived, and the other not revived, of a dirty, dull, red colour, with∣out any sparkling brightness or shining:) then edulcorate it by washing it in Rain-water, and burning off from it S. V. five or six times.

§ 13. This Precipitate (says he) if it be corrected, (I suppose he means with Oyl of Tartar, as abovesaid) it is given for a Sudorifick in the French Pox, Dropsy, Quartan-Ague, profound Scab and Leprosy, being mixed with Venice-Treacle, Mi∣thridate, Conserve of Roses, Confectio de Hyacintho, &c. but if for purging in Extra∣ctum Catholicum, Extract of the Juice of Roses, Confectio Hamech. Dose à gr. ij. ad v.

§ 14. Marggrave saith, it has a Cathoeretick force, and is used to take away Carnosities or fleshly Excre∣scencies, which it does easily,

and without pain; for which reason it conduces to the heal∣ing of Fistula's, Pustuls, and other external Diseases, if sprinkled upon any Emplaster and applied, or injected with a Syring in Plantane-water: but then the Water ought to be made somewhat thick with Honey of Roses or some pro∣per Syrup, that the Powder may not immediately sink, or separate it self from the Ve∣hicle.

§ 15. And being correct∣ed he says, it is used by ma∣ny as a Panacea for curing the French-Pox, given à gr. iv. ad vj. ad Summum.

§ 16. According to Lemery it is thus. ℞ Quicksilver re∣vived from Cinnabar ℥iv. Spi∣rit of Nitre ℥ivss. dissolve in a Glass Matrass with a short Neck and in a Sand heat evapo∣rate all the Humidity till a white Mass remains: then augment the Fire to the third degree in which keep it, till it is turn∣ed Red, then letting all cool, break the Glass and take your Precipitate, which will weigh ℥ivss.

§ 17. Some mix it (says he) with burnt Alum, Aegyp∣tiacum and the common sup∣purative, for the external Uses above-mentioned: and some give it inwardly, ad gr. iv. to raise a Flux, but this says he, is dangerous unless rectified S. V. be burnt two or three times off from it.

§ 18. Now it is to be ob∣served, that some think by two or three Cohobations of the Sp. Nitre to increase its Redness or its Virtues, but Experience shews the con∣trary, and that those Coho∣bations are of no use.

§ 19. The white Mass re∣maining after evaporation of the Sp. Nitre, is a mixture of the Mercury with much of the Acid Spirit; so that of ℥iv. of Quicksilver, you will have ℥vss. of that white Matter, which is very Corrosive: but according as it is calcin'd to make it red, the points and edges of the Spirit strike off and vanish in the Air; for which reason the more you calcine it to increase its red∣ness, the less it weighs, and the less corrosive it is.

§ 20. If you put this red Precipitate into an Earthen Pan deflagrate from it well rectified S. V. and repeat this deflagration six times, you have Lemery's Arcanum Cora∣linum: in this Operation the S. V. by burning makes some part of the Acid Spirits to fly away, in place of which the Alcali of the S. V. joyns it self to the Mercury, and thereby renders it more

sweet and fit to be taken in∣wardly.

§ 21. If you continue your red Precipitate for some hours over the Fire, it will sublime of a red colour; but this red Sublimate, is no∣thing near so corrosive as the common white corrosive Sub∣limate. It cannot sublime before it is calcined red, be∣cause there is too much of the Acid Spirit which fixes it; but being freed from it in a great measure by Calci∣nation, it has power to arise or sublime with that which remains; And by reason the Acid has an aptness to fix, it checks the Volatility of the Mercury, and makes it stop in the middle of the Glass.

§ 22. If upon common Red Precipitate you affuse vola∣tile Spirit of Sal-Armoniack it becomes of a grey colour: so also if into the Solution of Quicksilver in Sp. Nitre, you drop in the said Spirit of Sal-Armoniack you will have a grey Precipitate; and if upon either of them you affuse a good quantity of fair Water, you will have a mil∣ky Liquor, tho' none of the whitest.

§ 23. If on common red Precipitate you affuse Spirit of Salt; it becomes present∣ly a delicate White; for the same thing must happen here, as when Spirit of Salt is cast into a Solution of Q. S. in Spirit of Nitre; for tho red Precipitate be a dry body, it is nothing but a Conjunction of Mercury with the Nitrous Spirit.

§ 24. But the immediate change of the colour seems strange, that so red a Sub∣stance should in a moment of time as it were become so ex∣ceeding white: this without doubt must be attributed to the new situation of the Mercu∣rial Particles, whereby their Superficies reflect the Light in right Lines, or a different Position from the former to our Eyes, thereby to give room for this white Colour.

§ 25. Again, should ano∣ther Acid Liquor, or any Al∣cali be affused thereon, it would be again changed, and some other colour would a∣rise, or else it would revive into Quicksilver; from which Experiments a kind of de∣monstration is made, that Co∣lour is no real and substan∣tial thing, but wholly de∣pends on the Modification of the Particles of the Mixt.

§ 26. Lastly, if on common red Precipitate you affuse Oil of Vitriol, it will be dis∣solved for the Spirit of Vi∣triol j'oyning with the Spirit

of Nitre in the Precipitate, an A. F. is made, which dis∣solves perfectly the Mercuri∣al Particles without any E∣bullition or Effervescence: the reason is, because the Mer∣cury has already been rarified by the Acid Spirit of Nitre, so that the Spirit of Vitriol enters the Pores of the Mer∣cury, and by Conjunction of the Nitrious Spirit dissolves it without trouble. This So∣lution is clear, like other dis∣solutions of Mercury, with∣out any redness; and there∣of may be made the same Preparations as may be made of Quicksilver dissolved in Aqua fortis or Spirit of Ni∣tre.

LXXXI. Mercurius praeci∣pitatus Solaris per se: Gol∣den Precipitate, or Preci∣pitate with Gold.

Bate.] It is made of an Amalgama made of Quick-silver ℥iv. and Gold purified with Antimony ℥ss. in a Glass Infernus, posited as before di∣rected (at Sect. 78.) which is often to be taken out and beat∣en in a Mortar S. A.

Salmon.] § 1. Rolfincius calls this Preparation Radix aurea, and Precipitatus ruber compositus; and makes it ex∣actly in the same proporti∣ons, digesting the Amalga∣ma in a Phial, for the space of two Months in a gentle and continual Sand heat: Sensim massa adsurgit in spe∣ciem fruticeti aurei, & quasi crescere Videtur: Sensim rur∣sùm ad fundum Vergit; then being of a resplendent rubi∣cund colour, he takes the Precipitate out, pouders it, and keeps it for use.

§ 2. It is accounted by Zehnerus as a Panacea of great Vertues, purging alone 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, both by Vo∣mit and Stool, according as the Dose is increased: but in a small Dose it is diapho∣retick: to little Infants it is given, ad gr. j. to Children from five to seven Years of age à gr. jss. ad ij. and so in∣creasing the Dose in propor∣tion to the Age and Strength. See Our Pharm. Lond. Lib. 3. Cap. 7. Sect. 19.

§ 3. Zwelfer Mantis. Spa∣gyr. cap. 7. makes it thus. ℞ Purified Mercury, or Mer∣cury seven times sublimed from the stellified Regulus Martis, and filings of Luna ℥ij. fine Gold purged by Antimony ʒiv, or v. make an Amalgama, as the manner is by putting into a Crucible over proper fire the Mercury; into which when heated let the Gold be cast red

hot: this Amalgama often∣times wash with Vinegar and Salt, till no more blackness ap∣pears in grinding and wash∣ing it: to this Amalgama thus washed, well cleansed and dry∣ed, add of the former rubi∣cund Precipitate made per se, ℥ij. grind them together for a long time in a Glass Mortar, that they may be well united, then put all into an Infernus as afore directed, or into a Philosophical Egg, which Seal hermetically, and digest or de∣coct by degrees of fire till the whole is reduced to dryness, and the highest Redness: Et hic de∣mum Praecipitatus praestantis∣simus erit, sine ullo corrosivo factus; solius naturae opus, & Medicina ad multorum mor∣borum extirpationem effica∣cissima: sapientibus pauca haec sufficerint: sub iis enim haud facile obvia aut Vulgaria la∣tent Naturae Arcana.

§ 4. The thing thus made is indeed a good Medicine, as Zwelfer professes; but this tedious Work of his is La∣bour in vain; for first, there is a Precipitation of the Quicksilver per se, which what∣ever Authors may affirm, is a Work of 3 or 400 Days to do it well: Secondly, there is a second Precipitation or Calcination, by mixing this prec. per se, with an Amalga∣ma of Mercury and Sol; which will then require as long time as if all the Mercury were a∣malgamated with the Sol all at once; so that it is appa∣rent that the first tedious La∣bour is lost; since Mercury amalgamated with Gold, will be calcin'd into a Redness in the tenth part of the time, that it can be done in, per se.

§ 5. Charras make it thus. ℞ Purified Mercury ℥j, fine Gold ʒj, make an Amalgama, &c. but you may, says he, add to the Mercury a quar∣ter part of its weight of cu∣pellated Silver, and make an Amalgama of it: Or else a∣malgate together Gold ℥ss. Silver ℥j. and Quicksilver ℥iv. and so fix them together by a gentle Coction as aforesaid.

§ 6. Le Febure gets a Ma∣trass flat or plain at bottom (not making use of an Infernus as in the precip. per se) which he stops in the mouth only with a wooden Pin, which may be easily taken away to put down the Mercury, which shall be su∣blimed into the neck of the Vessel: into this Vessel he puts an Amalgama of pure Mer∣cury p. viij, with fine Gold thrice purged from Antimony, p. j. Or of Mercury p. iv, with fine Silver p. j. made into Leaves, or a subtile Calx,

for the easier Amalgamation; Or, an Amalgama of pure Mercury p. viij. with Gold, p. j. Silver p. ij. melted with pure Regulus of Antimony p. vj. these he digests or decocts till they become a fine red Preci∣pitate.

§ 7. The solar Precipitate is given à gr. j. ad vj. in some Conserve, Confection, or Cordial Extract, the Pa∣tient keeping Bed when it is taken; it is an excellent Re∣medy against the French Pox and all its Symptoms, and has all the Vertues of the Precipitate per se exalted by means of the Gold, having this effect more, as to be a Specifick for strengthning and corroborating the Heart, and to drive away all Weak∣nesses and Griefs from it.

§ 8. The Lunar Precipitate is also specificated and desti∣nated to the Head, and to the cure of Diseases thereof, be∣sides the general intention: Dose thereof à gr. j. ad xij.

§ 9. But neither the Solar, nor Lunar are to be compared in Strength and Virtue to that which is made of a mixture of Sol, Luna, and Antimony; for that this is a kind of Pa∣nacea, or universal Remedy, called by some Authors Au∣rum Medicum.

§ 10. It is of good use for prevention of Diseases, espe∣cially where the Viscera are loaded with impure Serosi∣ties and Tartarous Humors, proceeding from Weakness, ill Digestion, and Superflui∣ties of Nourishment: you may give gr. vj. in the morn∣ing fasting, and the Patient being covered in Bed may sweat upon it; after which they may eat a Bisket dipt in Wine; then the Sweat be∣ing ended, the Sick may rise but ought to keep the Cham∣ber for that whole day.

§ 11. Thus have you va∣rious Precipitates, or rather Calces of Mercury with the more perfect Metals, wholly performed without addition of any Salts or Acid Spirits: and as their Preparations are long and tedious; so are their Operations high, and much more effectual than those other kinds of Precipi∣tates are, which are not fit∣ted for such transcendent de∣signations.

LXXXII. Mercurius Praeci∣pitatus Viridis, green Pre∣cipitate.

Bate.] ℞ Mercury ℥iv. Venus ℥ss. dissolve them sepa∣rately in A.F. and mix them: afterwards abstract the A. F. digest the Precipitate with Spirit of Vinegar, then filter and dry S. A. It is a Specifick in a virulent Gonorrhoea, which it perfectly takes away and cures: but it ought day∣ly to be used, till all the Flux is stopt. Dose, gr. ij, iij, ad viij.

Salmon.] § 1. See our Pharm. Lond. Lib. 3. Cap. 7. Sect. 40. where you have the Prescript in the same pro∣portion; but you are advised to digest in the Spirit of Vine∣gar in B. M. for 24 hours, and then to boil, that the pu∣rest part of the Q. S. may be dissolved in the Vine∣gar.

§ 2. Hartman upon Crollius has it thus. ℞ Purged Quick-silver ℥iss. dissolve in A. F. ℥iij. dissolve also, Copper ℥ss. in A.F. mix these Solutions together; and draw off the A. F. in Sand: towards the end aug∣ment the fire more vehement∣ly, that the greatest part of the Spirits may be removed: what is left in the bottom, dry, grind and digest with Spirit of Vinegar for twenty four hours or six days, then boil it: the Vinegar thus impregnated, gently draw off in B. M. and the Precipitate will remain in the bottom green.

§ 3. It is a Specifick in a virulent Gonorrhoea, tho' de∣clining to the grand Pox it self, and may be given, à gr. ij. ad viij. although the Go∣norrhoea be seen to cease, yet by exhibiting this Medica∣ment it returns again▪ for which reason, it must be re∣iterated, till all the Flux ceases, and is perfectly re∣moved; for this Medicine both moves the Gonorrhoea, and also takes it away: Hart∣man gives it in Conserve of Roses.

§ 4. Our Author (who fol∣lows Schroder) has Mercury ℥iv. to Venus ℥ss. which is 8 to 1. whereas Hartman has of Mercury ℥iss. to Venus ℥ss, which is but as 3 to 1. doubt∣less the former Proportion is the safer and better, for too great a quantity of the Venus will provoke intolerable Vo∣mitings, so that the Medicine will scarcely be safe.

§ 5. Beguinus follows Hart∣man in the Quantities, in which he deserves reproof; and digests six days, where∣as

his Commentator says two are sufficient, if the Digesti∣on is good: this Precipitate is not usually edulcorated, for which reason it ought to be given with the more cau∣tion: it will do what it is designed for; but at best, it is but a churlish Medicine, and therefore ought to be given only to strong Bodies. Some call this Precipitate Lacerta Viridis, the green Lizard.

LXXXIII. Mercurius Vitae Correctus, Mercurius Vite corrected.

Bate.] Digest Mercurius Vitae in a Phial, in a Sand heat, till it begins to grow red: afterwards abstract often from it S.V. S. A. It purges excellently well by Stool, and carries forth all Impurities of the Body whatsoever. Dose, gr. iv. ad vj.

Salmon.] § 1. ℞ Regulus of Antimony purified ℥iv. Cor∣rosive Sublimate in pouder lbj. mix and put them into a Glass Retort, which place in a Sand heat, gentle at first; lute to a Receiver, and a gummy Li∣quor or Butter will come forth, which easily congeals and sticks to the Neck of the Retort, which stopping it, hold a burn∣ing Coal near it, to melt it, that it may fall into the Re∣ceiver: when no more comes forth, take away the Receiver, and substitute another half full of Water, then increase the Fire, and there will drop out of Quicksilver about ℥xiij. which was in the Corrosive Sub∣limate: thus have you Butter of Antimony.

§ 2. To make Mercurius Vitae. Take your Butter of Antimony depurated by Recti∣fication (as is usual) put it in∣to an Earthen Pan with a Quart of warm Water, so will a Precipitate presently fall as white as Snow, the Water ha∣ving weakned the Corrosive Spirits, which keept the regu∣line part of the Antimony in dissolution, and constrained them to quit the Body: being precipitated, stir the Water again, and let it settle, then pour off the Liquor by incli∣nation which reserve: The Pouder wash, edulcorate and dry; this is Mercurius Vitae, which some Authors call Pou∣der of Algoroth, and is given à gr. j. ad iv. it working vio∣lently, both upwards and downwards.

§ 3. The Reserved Water contains in it all the Saline Spirits, which adhered to the Antimony, and is of a plea∣sing Acidity, called by some Philosophical Spirit of Vi∣triol

it is used in Julaps for Fevers, rendring the same Tart, and agreeable to the Stomach.

§ 4. From ℥iv. of Butter of Antimony you have ʒ 14. of Mercurius Vitae, after it is well washed and dryed; so that ℥iv. of this Butter continues ʒ18. of the Acid, in which its Corrosion does consist.

§ 5. It is a famous Medi∣cine, and purges downwards, or by Stool, being corrected according to the Prescript of our Author: it purges off all bad Humors of the Body, chiefly those in the Viscera and Bowels; it is an excel∣lent thing against the Plague and all sorts of Pestilential Diseases, all Diseases of the Head and Brain, as Head-Achs, Megrims, Lethargy, Vertigo, &c. the French pox, malignant Ulcers, Fevers, Gouts, Sciatica's, Rheuma∣tisms, Dropsies, Jaundice, and kills Worms. Dose, à gr. iij. ad vj. in the morn∣ing fasting.

LXXXIV. Mercurius Vitae purgans, Mercurius Vite, Or Laxative Mineral.

Bate.] If you often grind Mercurius Vitae with common Salt, and afterwards wash it away again with Water, it will have only a purging Property, and work downwards or by Stool. Dose, à gr. vj. ad xij.

Salmon.] § 1. Notwith∣standing all this, it will work upwards in some Constituti∣ons, and where there is a foulness of the Stomach; in such habits of Body, a good quantity of Posset drink ought to be given with it, to make its Operation the more easie.

§ 2. Schroder corrects it after this manner. ℞ Sal-Nitre melted at the Fire, and Mercurius Vitae, cast them in by degrees and stir them; af∣ter they are cold, you will find the corrected Matter at the bottom like a Regulus, which sweeten by washing or deflagra∣tion of S. V.

§ 3. Or thus. ℞ Mercu∣rius Vitae ℥ss. Sal-Nitre melted at the Fire ℥ij. cast them in by degrees, then wash off the Salt: to this Pouder dryed add twice as much common Salt: grind them together twelve hours, then wash it again; this is Mineral Laxative, and is given à gr. vj. ad xij.

§ 4. In this Operation, you ought to cast in but ʒj. at a time, and cover the Crucible presently, and so keep it till it leaves smoak∣ing,

then cast in the rest by degrees, &c.

§ 5. Ʋntzer in his Anato∣my of Mercury, has an excel∣lent Mercurius Vitae made of Gold, which purges down∣wards; it is made with Sal-Nitre, cast upon the Calx of Sol, till it draws a Tincture, and then precipitated with Sal-Armoniack, or Oil of Tar∣tar.

§ 6. Or thus. ℞ Oil of Mercurius Vitae, and Spirit of Nitre which prudently mix together; digest them for some time, and afterwards distil, so as to make a Homagene Menstruum: Cohobate, digest, and distil so long till you find the Mercurius Vitae gathered together about the bottom: the Menstruum thus prepared, put into it Calx, or Leaves of Gold, so much as the Menstruum may over-top it three Inches; digest till it is dissolved, or be∣comes a kind of Tincture or Magistral Solution, and till the Gold appears like Clouds in the bottom of the Glass: ab∣stract the Menstruum by distil∣lation, till the remainder is like Oil: into which affuse a good quantity of Water, and the Mercurial Calx of Gold, or Solar Mercurius Vitae will fall down: Or otherwise pre∣cipitate with a Solution of Sal-Armoniack, or Oil of Tartar per deliq. and edulcorate by washing. Untzer. Anat. Merc. Lib. 2. Cap. 14. Sect. 3.

§ 7. It has the Virtues of the former, but is more cor∣dial, and works mostly by Stool, carrying off all noxi∣ous and peccant Humors without any disturbance: It is also given by Infusion, six or seven grains being digest∣ed in Wine or other Liquor ℥iss. and so given in the Morning fasting: But Experi∣ence tells us you may make the Infusion à gr. x. ad xx. with∣out any danger.

§ 8. It cures Dropsies, Gouts, Rheumatisms, Scurveys, Ca∣chexea's, and other ill Dis∣positions and Habits of Bo∣dy, especially such as pro∣ceed from repletion or ful∣ness of Humors, &c.

§ 9. But as to the common Mercurius Vitae, that it might be made more gentle, and purge only by Stool, Maëts has this Correction which is none of the worst. ℞ Mer∣curius Vitae ℥j. Sal-Mirabile of Glawber ℥ij. or iij. put the Sal-Mirabile into a Crucible, and when it flows, mix with it the Mercurius Vitae, stirring them well with a wooden Stick, which done, pour all out, and with Rain-water abstract all the Salt; so will you have a corrected Mercurius Vitae, di∣vested

of the greatest part of its emetick force.

§ 10. This is given in sub∣stance à gr. iij. ad vj. or viij. which extract of Juice of Roses, Extractum Catholicum, or some such like Purge, in an inveterate Lues Venerea, and in the most contumaci∣ous Obstructions, in which cases it is given with good success.

§ 11. Le Mort corrects it thus. ℞ Common Salt decri∣pitated ℥j. pure Nitre ℥iss. melt them together in a Cru∣cible; then by degrees cast in Mercurius Vitae ℥iss. make them flow together for a quar∣ter of an hour, then edulcorate by washing. Dose, à gr. ij. ad x. in the Cases aforemen∣tioned, made up into the form of a Pill with extract of Juice of Roses.

§ 12. It purges gently without pain or trouble, cuts and attenuates tough Flegm, powerfully opens the most obdurate Obstructions, and is a famous thing against Sur∣feits given in the beginning. If it purges not downwards, it many times becomes dia∣phoretick, and causes Sweat∣ing.

§ 13. An Infusion of Mer∣curius Vitae uncorrected. ℞ Mercurius Vitae ʒij. White∣wine ℥xx. let them stand in a warm digestion for twelve hours, often shaking the Glass; then decant the clear Wine from the Feces, for the greater se∣curity sake. Dose, à ℥ss. ad ℥iss. in the Morning fasting.

LXXXV, Panacea Aurea; The Golden Panacea, or All-heal.

Bate.] ℞ Crocus Metallo∣rum and Calomelanas, A. mix and make a Pouder. It is excellent against the French Disease; moves Salivation, and purges 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, both by Vomit and Stool.

Salmon.] § 1. Crocus Me∣tallorum is thus made. ℞ Choice Antimony lbj. purified Nitre lbj. pouder each apart, and mix them together, then make an Earthen Pot red hot, a∣mongst burning Coals, and put into it ℥ij. or iij. of the mix∣ture, covering the Pot imme∣diately with a Tile, so will it make a thundering noise, send∣ing forth much Smoak, which carefully avoid: the Fulmina∣tion being over, put in more in like manner, and thus con∣tinue till your whole quantity is spent, then increase the Fire till the Matter melts, which done, take the Crucible from the Fire and leave it to cool, then break it, and you will

have in the bottom a Mass of a Liver colour whilst whole, and of a Saffron colour when poudered, (for which cause it is called Hepar Antimonii, or Crocus Metallorum) and a white Feces, which take away, and keep if you please to re∣duce any Calx of Metals into a Body.

§ 2. This Hepar or Crocus being reduced into pouder, you may by several Lotions separate some Nitrous saline Particles from it, but many use it without washing or e∣dulcorating for ordinary uses▪ but for this Composition of our Authors it ought to be freed from the Salts, for the Mercury sake.

§ 3. The first Water of the washing will be very clear, yet it contains some of the fi∣nest Particles of the Sulphur of Antimony, which by put∣ting some Acid to it will pre∣cipitate of a very subtil red∣dish Pouder, which being se∣parated, edulcorated and dryed is called the Golden Sulphur of Antimony, or Sulphur Aura∣tum, and has the same Vertues nearly with the Flores Anti∣monii.

§ 4. Calomelanas is a sweet Sublimate of Mercury, or Mercurius dulcis, five or six times sublimed, till it loses (as it were) its Cathartick or Purging Vertue.

§ 5. This Calomelanas by being ground fine and inti∣mately mixed with the Cro∣cus Metallorum, corrects it, and takes away much of its Emetick force, whereby it makes the Crocus a kind of Panacea, and disperses and carries it upon its Volatile Wings through the whole U∣niversal Body, which other∣wise might possibly pass on∣ly through the Stomach and Guts.

§ 6. The reason also why we chuse the edulcorated Crocus is, because that tho' the Saline Particles may cor∣rect the Emetick property of the Crocus in some measure, yet being joyned to the Salts in the Sublimate, they would augment the Acid in the Mer∣cury, and so endanger its being made Corrosive; whereas the Salts alone contained in the Calomelanos, are enough with∣out the other to correct the Crocus, and render it more facile and pleasant in its O∣peration, at least to make it more gentle, and not to be so violently Emetick.

§ 7. It has all the Vertues of the Mercurius Vitae pur∣gans aforegoing, but more powerful to the Intentions, as being joyned with Mer∣cury; and therefore more effectual in purging off

the Feculencies of the Vene∣real Disease, Kings-Evil, Dropsie, Gout, &c.

LXXXVI. Panacea Cathar∣tica, The Purging Pana∣cea, or All-heal.

Bate.] ℞ Mercurius Vitae (made of corrosive Sublimate p. ij. Antimony. p. j.) ℥iv. Quicksilver (proceeding in the Distillation of the Butter of Antimony) ℥iij. mix and sub∣lime as in Mercurius dulcis. Dose, gr. v. ad viij. It is more efficacious in the Cure of the French Pox than Mer∣curius dulcis, &c.

Salmon. § 1. How the Mercurius Vitae is made we have shewn in Sect. 82. § 2. of this Chapter aforegoing; other ways of doing the same we shall shew in our Officina Chymica, suddenly to be pub∣lished.

§ 2. Now this purified Quicksilver is obtained in the Distillation of the Butter of Antimony, we have also decla∣red in Sect. 1. &. 3. §. 45. afore∣going of this present Chap∣ter, so that no more need be spoken of it here.

§ 3. These two, viz. the Mercurius Vitae and the Quick-silver are to be ground together in an Iron Mortar, till the Mercury appears not at all, but is with the other Ingredi∣ent reduced into a subtil black Pouder, or at least grey; put this into a Phial, so as to fill it half; place this Glass in a Sand Fornace, and give fire Gradatim, for some hours, at least 7 or 8, then every thing being cold, break the Vessel, and gather the Sublimate, which keep for use.

§ 4. The Mercurius Vitae in this sublimes but in part, so that the Medicament con∣sists partly of the Mercurius Vitae, and partly of the Mer∣cury it self; and this Subli∣mate is caused from the re∣maining Acids in the Merc. Vitae, for were there not A∣cids enough to engage the Particles of the Quicksilver, it would fly away all in Fumes, whereas here they supply the place of Salt and Vitriol, whereby you have a sweet Sublimate having the Vertues of Mercurius dulcis joyned with the Vertues of the Merc. Vitae, and becomes by so much the better Medicine.

§ 5. That it cannot vo∣mit, tho' it contains some Particles of the Merc. Vitae is manifest, for that they re∣ceive a perfect correction from the Alcali of the Quick-silver, the Acid of its Mer∣curial Sulphur, not being e∣nough to fortifie the Eme∣tick

property, in opposition to the Cathartick.

LXXXVII. Panacea Hart∣manni, Hartman's Pana∣cea, or All-heal.

Bate.] ℞ Combustible Sul∣phur of Antimony ℥j. rectified Oil of Vitriol or Sulphur ℥iij. Regulus of Antimony ℥j. digest warm for ten days, then distil by a Glass Retort in Sand, co∣hobating there at least; aug∣ment the Fire towards the end, and the Matter reverbe∣rate for the space of five hours: afterwards take it forth, wash it in Rose-water and dry it: take of this Pouder ℥j. Salt of Coral ʒij. and mix them exactly S. A. It is instead of an universal Remedy: and is in it self an undoubted Dia∣phoretick, having a power of purifying or cleansing the Blood: and therefore in any curable Disease it performs the Work by sweating, chiefly in the French Pox▪ and De∣fedations of the Skin. Dose, à gr. x. ad xx.

Salmon.] § 1. How this Combustible of Red Sulphur of Antimony is to be made, we will teach you from the same Hart. ℞ Cinnabar of Antimony in fine Pouder q. v. boil it in a very strong Lixi∣vium of Harts-ease, or Calx-Vive in an Iron Skillet for 3 or 4 hours: the Lixivium will be red by reason of the Sulphur, but the Argent Vive will run in the bottom in Flux: the Lixivium tin∣ged, by inclination separate, and whilst hot filterate thro' brown Paper, and put it again where it was for certain hours, and the Sulphur of the Anti∣mony will precipitate in form of a red Pouder, which sepa∣rated from the Lixivium must afterwards be edulcorated with fair water, and dryed with a gentle heat.

§ 2. ℞ Then of this Sulphur of Antimony, Regulus of An∣timony, A. gr. v. Oil of Sul∣phur ℥j. or instead thereof Oil of Vitriol ℥iij. digest for cer∣tain days in a Glass Retort in a Sand-heat, then distil in Sand, cohobating three or four times, increasing the Fire ve∣hemently for the last twelve hours, and the whole will re∣main fixt, which take out wash with Rose-water; and then add to every Ounce of the same Salt of Coral ʒij. which mix and keep for use.

§ 3. How extreamly these Proportions differ from our Text, I cannot but observe; there being but ana. gr. 5. of the Sulphur of Antimony and Regulus to ℥iij. of the Oil of Vitriol; which bare no proportion together, for which

reason I am apt to believe it to be a Mistake in the Print∣er, tho' it is according to the most correct Latin Copy in Folio: that which confirms me the more in this belief is the Prescript of Beguinus Ty∣rocin. Chym. Lib. 2. Cap. 20. which exactly agrees with our Author and from whence I believe it was fetcht, which is infinitely more reasonable, and agreeable to the nature of the Prescription.

§ 4. It wonderfully pro∣vokes Sweat says Hartman, chiefly in malignant and epi∣demical Distempers, being given in proper Sudorifick Waters: It is also sometimes given in Mithridate, and in Conserves; and in the De∣coction of Harts-horn, or o∣ther things of like nature.

LXXXVIII. Regulus Jovia∣lis, Regulus of Tin.

Bate.] It is made of the Regulus of Antimony melted ℥iv. by adding thereto filings of Jupiter the same quantity, S. A. It opens all Obstructi∣ons, and is a noble Remedy against the Suffocation of the Womb.

Salmon.] § 1. The Prepa∣ration is easie and obvious, but Marggrave makes it in differing proportions, thus. ℞ English Tin ℥iij. Regulus of Antimony ℥ij. melt the Tin in a Crucible Red-fire-hot, then presently put into it the Pouder of the Regulus of Antimony, and they will presently be uni∣ted flowing: then gently pour forth the fluid Matter into another Crucible, so will it turn into Regulus, which in Colour will not be much diffe∣ring from Silver.

§ 2. Or thus from the same Marggrave. ℞ Regu∣lus of Antimony in fine Pou∣der ℥ij. put it into a Crucible Red-fire-hot, so will the Mat∣ter presently be in▪ a flux like Water, then add English Tin, whole or in lumps (not filings) ℥j. and it will melt in a mo∣ment with the Regulus, and becomes one fluid Mass: pour it forth flowing into a fusory Cone or clear Crucible, so will you have a Mass very hard and white, which being polish∣ed will look like Silver, but being beaten or hammered is found to be brittle, this take and keep for use.

§ 3. It is of use for pre∣paring a Butter, in order for making the Jovial Bezoar. And amongst Mechanicks it serves for making several Ves∣sels and Utensils, as Platters, Dishes, Porrengers, Sawcers, Plates, Sword-hilts, &c. and

in Physick it is given against all Obstructions of the Vis∣cera, chiefly of the Womb.

§ 4. One Secret commu∣nicated to me by an ancient Midwife I think fit to dis∣close, viz. that it makes bar∣ren Women fruitful; and that she had given it to some Scores upon the account, and with the desired success: her way of giving it was thus.

§ 5. ℞ Regulus of Tin in Pouder à ℈j. ad ʒj. Flesh of Vipers in pouder ʒss Mithri∣date q. s. make it into a Bo∣lus, which repeat every night for a Month. I upon know∣ledge hereof, gave it to three Women successively, and it succeeded according to their desire: It may do so in o∣thers for all that I know; this I am certain of, it is a great opener of Obstructi∣ons of the Womb, and a strengthener of it, which are the chief Causes either of Barrenness or Miscarriage.

LXXXIX. Regulus Lunaris, Regulus, or Metal of Sil∣ver.

Bate.] It is made by add∣ing of Regulus of Antimony melted ℥viij. Luna ℥j. S. A. It is good against the Epi∣lepsie, and to strengthen the Brain.

Salmon.] § 1. Schroder makes it with Regulus of Antimony p. iv. or v. to Silver p. j. let them be melted and poured out, as is usual into a Regulus to be separated from the Sco∣ria or Dross: melt the Dross again with Crude Antimony, and when they run add filings of Iron, and melt it again till the Regulus settle, and do thus the third time, or till no more Regulus appears.

§ 2. Rolfincius Chym. Lib. 5. Sect. 9. Cap. 4. makes it by putting in the Luna in small bits, but without assign∣ing any proportions, and calls it Electrum Lunare, from which Electrum (saith he) or Regulus of Antimony pre∣pared with Luna, some think the Febrifugium antiquarta∣narium Riverii is made, which he in his Appendix to the third Century of his Obser∣vations aenigmatically de∣scribes.

§ 3. Therefore says Rolfin∣cius: ℞ Of this Electrum, and of corrosive Sublimate, A. lbss. and distil from thence by Retort a Butter: precipitate it with Fountain-water; the Li∣quor will grow milky or white, and by standing quiet and still, a Pouder will subside, or settle, which edulcorate by washing, and keep for use.

§ 4. But in this Preparati∣on there is nothing answers to his Hercules, and his 12 Labours; and therefore seems not to be Genuine; the true Preparation we have taught in a former Process of this Book, and so shall say no more of it here: As to this, it purges 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, both by Vomit and Stool, af∣ter the manner of Mercurius Vitae, but more gently, and may be given à gr. ij. ad iv. and in strong Bodies to gr. vj. with Observations as in other Vomits.

§ 5. It is a Specifick Eme∣tick against the Quartan A∣gue, as also the Epilesie, and most Diseases of the Head and Brain proceeding from cold, moisture and repletion of Humors.

§ 6. But the simple Lunar Regulus of our Author is to be given daily every Morn∣ing fasting, à gr. iv. ad viij. and increasing the Dose eve∣ry Morning half a Grain till it comes to ℈j. or rather till it begins to vomit strongly; af∣ter the use of it for some time, the Emetick property will, cease, the Medicament will seem to become alterative, and the Patient will grow well.

§ 7. It prevails against the Scurvy, and most Diseases proceeding from a discrasie of the Blood and Humors; chiefly against Diseases of the Head and Brain, and against Quartan Agues, and other Agues whether regular or irregular, viz. whether sim∣ple, double, or tripple, &c.

XC. Cauterium Lunare▪ The Silver Caustick.

Bate.] Dissolve Luna p j. in A. F. p. iij. and evaporate to dryness, afterwards augment the Fire to a melting heat, and till the Fumes cease; then pre∣sently power forth the Matter into a little Brass or Earthen Vessel of a convenient bigness. It is a perpetual Caustick, if it be kept from the Air. It takes away Warts by touch∣ing them therewith.

Salmon.] § 1. See our Pharm. Lond. Lib. 3. Cap. 2. Sect. 20. But Thibaut makes it after this manner. Take A. F. ℥j. refined Silver Fi∣lings ℥ij. put them together in∣to a little Matrass, with a streight long neck, so big as that ⅔ of it may be empty: let it be Coated half way, and set it in a Round covered with Sand in a circular Fire, giving a small heat till the Silver is dissolved; and the dissolvant is evaporated to dryness, and the

Matter remains black not un∣like a P••••nice store: then in∣crease the Fire to a melting ••eat, and continue it till the ••••••ling ceases, and no more Vapors arise, which sh••ws that the Matter is in fusion; then without delay pour out the Mat∣ter into little Brass or Iron Moulds (for if it cools in the Mar••ass it will be reduced into a white Pouder, which is the Calx of Luna, and may by the addition of Bo∣rax return to its first Meta∣lick nature) and keep the same for use.

§ 2. Lemery takes Spirit of Nitre ℥iij. to Silver ℥j. and dissolves in a Vial in a Sand heat, evaporating about ⅔ of the moisture, then puts the rest as it is hot into a good large Crucible over a gentle Fire, and lets it alone till the boiling Matter sinks quietly to the bottom of the Crucible, then increasing the Fire, till it becomes like Oil, pours it out in∣to ••••••p••red Brass or Iron Moulds a little ••iled and heated, in which it presently coagulates and bard••ns, after which he takes the Matter and keeps it in a Glass close stopt for use.

§ 3. Or thus according to Charras. ℞ Refined granu∣lated Silver ℥iv. put it into a Glass Cucurbit, in a gentle Sand beat, and affuse thereon A. F. ℥xij. digest till the Silver is dissolved, and if you please, co∣ver the Cucurbit with its Head and abstract about half the A. F. or otherwise evaporate it, and let the Sediment cool and Grystallize; which then put by piece meals into a good Crucible upon a Culot in the midst of the fire-place in a small Fordace, regulating the Fire that the Matter may not boil over; and continue it till the dissolved Silver becomes as it were dry in the Crucible, and the red Vapors of the A. F. cease to arise; at which time increase your fire to melt the Silver, which after some few boilings will descend to the bottom of the Crucible, of a Consistency like that of thick Oil: then take out the Cruci∣ble, and gently pour out the melted Silver into proper Moulds (before hand heat and greased) in which the Silver will coagulate into brittle Stones of a blackish colour, which being half cold, take them out of the Moulds, and put them up into Glasses, &c. to preserve them for the Air.

§ 4. This Caustick caute∣rizes the Flesh or Bones upon which it is applied, provi∣ded you moisten the end of the Stone, or the part, upon which you would have it o∣perate.

It is a gentle and pleasant Eschatotick, and consumes by touching all Warts, proud Flesh, Cancers, Ulcers, and Red Spots, wet∣ting them first with Water, and then applying the Stone.

§ 5. It eases the Pain of the Teeth, using it as has been said upon that part of the Skin and Cartilage, that makes the hollow of the Ear.

§ 6. The Crumbs of this Stone poudered, and incor∣porated with a Suppurative consumes likewise proud and ill Flesh, and takes away Rottenness in Ulcers.

§ 7. It serves likewise to dye the Hair black, if you put gr. ij. or iij. of it into a Spoonful of Water distilled from the green Shells of Wall-nuts, and then with a Brush-pencil to wash the Hair over with it two or three times, holding mean-season a Comb between it and the Flesh or Skin, for otherwise it will not fail to black the Skin, where-ever it touches, because of the Vitriol which is in the A. F.

§ 8. If the Hair some∣times grows green, it is be∣cause there has been dissol∣ved in the A. F. Silver al∣lay'd with Copper instead of pure Cuppelated Silver.

§ 9. This Stone may be made of Copper instead of Silver, but then it will not keep so well, because the Copper being very porous does more easily suffer the Air to enter it and dissolve it.

§ 10. If you use fine Cu∣pellated Silver, you will from ℥j. of it have ʒxiij. of the Lapis Infernialis; but if you use Silver with allay ℥j. of it will not yield you above ʒxj. The reason of the increase of weight is from the sharp A∣cids of the Spirit of Nitre adhearing to the Silver; but the difference of the increase comes from Cupellated Silver having finer Pores than the other, whereby it the better retains the Acid, and so makes the Stones thereby the stronger.

§ 11. This Strength or the Effects of the Stone proceeds from the lost Spirits which remain in the Pores of the Silver, and are petrified with it, which work more speedi∣ly or more slowly, and with less violence, according as they were dissolved with a greater or less quantity of Moisture.

§ 12. Lemery says this Stone is more Caustick than the Crystals of Silver, though compounded of the same In∣gredients,

the reason of which he says is, that in the Eva∣poration of the Spirit of Nitre, the sharpest part remains at last, which gives the strength to the Infernal Stone; where∣as in the Crystals (says he) there's a much weaker Spirit, as being impregnated with watery parts.

§ 13. But Charras says that the Crystals of Silver of which the Stones are made are more Caustick than the stones themselves: the reason he gives for it, is for that the simple dissolution of Silver in A. F. burns with more speed and violence than the Stones or C••••stals themselves, as Ex∣perience teaches, for if the least drop falls upon ones Hand, it will burn it imme∣diately, and very deep, if you do not presently wash it to weaken and carry off the Caustick Spirits of the A. F. which says he is not to be wondred at, for that the A.F. has nothing in it hardly but what is Caustick, and the Sales are not able to act as they should but when they are dissolved.

§ 14. Nor does this Lapis Infernal•••• burn at all, unless it be wet; and for that reason the dissolution of the Silver in A. F. or S. N. which are Caustick in all their parts, and able to act alone beyond the force of common Water, which is used to excite the Action of this Caustick, and make it operate.

§ 15. If you take Crystals of Luna, and melt them in a Crucible boiling the Li∣quor till it comes to the con∣sistence of Oil, and then cast it into the Moulds, you will have also a Lapis Infer∣nalis, like to this described by our Author.

§ 16. This Silver Caustick is nothing but Cupellated Sil∣ver, dissolved and calcined Philosophically by A. F. &c. and then coagulated by the Evaporation of the greatest part of the Humidity, and at last petrefied by the fusi∣on of the said coagulated Matter, which has retained so much of the A. F. as to make the Luna into the con∣sistence of a Stone.

§ 17. The Matrass here used ought to be small, be∣cause we prepare not much of it at a time, and the fire gentle that the Matter may not run over: its neck long and straight (if the whole Operation be done in a Ma∣trass) for the easier pouring it into Moulds; it ought also to be of strong Glass, and coat∣ed on the bottom half way, that a naked fire, drying up

the Matter may not break the Glass.

§ 18. And tho' Silver may be dissolved in an equal quan∣tity of A. F. yet double or treble quantities are used, as well for making a greater quantity of the Stone, as that it may be softer and less black: for the lesser and less black: for the lesser the quan∣tity of the A. F. the harder the Stone and the more black, the Silver not being so per∣fectly calcin'd, nor contain∣ing so much of the A. F.

§ 19. In boiling of this Solution, it ought to be with a gentle Fire, because it is apt to run over into the Fire; or else it ejects some drops or sprinklings upon the hands of the Artist or his Cloaths, which upon the Skin smarts vehemently.

§ 20. You must also often cast your Eye into the Cruci∣cible, chiefly towards the conclusion, for so soon as the Matter ceases boiling and ap∣pears like Oil, you must im∣mediately cast it into the Mould; for if it be longer in the Fire, the strongest Spirits would evaporate, and the Stone be less Corrosive.

§ 21. That this Caustick may be made either of Sp. Nitri or A. F. but by the first it will be whitish, and less Caustick; and instead of blackning the Skin and Teeth which it may touch, it will only make them look yellow; for that it is the Vi∣triol with blacks in the A. F. but not other Corrosive or A∣cid can corrode Silver, nor by consequence serve in this composition.

§ 22. To make little Moulds of Lattin, you must hold it a little time over the Fire, so will it be flexible, and not apt to break, then cut off a piece, and toul it about a Stick as thick as a Quill, and three Inches long, and so tie it close with small Wyar, turning up the bottom so as it may not go through, then paste it with our Lute, and let it dry; and when you use it, take out the Stick, and pour in the Matter, which will condense into petrefied Cyllinders.

§ 23. To make this Cau∣stick good and strong whe∣ther white, grey, or black, you ought to use only Cupel∣lated Silver, for by a mixti∣on of Copper it will be both green and soft, and will easi∣ly melt of it self.

§ 24. From hence we con∣clude, that it can never be made of Lead or Tin, which are yet softer: nor yet of I∣ron, because it cannot be dis∣solved and brought into a po∣table

Liquor, by reason of its great dryness and earthy∣ness: As for Gold, tho' it may be made of that by dis∣solution in A. R. or Spirit of Salt, acuated with decripita∣ted Salt, you would only have your labour for your pains, because refined Gold would be too dear. And as for the Marchassites or Half-Metals, they are not fit for this Operation, because their dissolution evaporated and reduced to a Calx, cannot keep the Consistency of a Stone, but must remain a Pouder.

XCI. Regulus Martis, Metal or settling of Iron, i. e. Martial Mettal of Anti∣mony.

Bate.] It is made of Mars ℥ij. mixed with Nitre, Tartar, and Antimony A. ℥ivss. and detonated S. A. It cures the French Pox, without any Flux at the Mouth, or Spit∣ting.

Salmon. § 1. You may see another way of making this Regulus Martis in our Pharm. Lond. Lib. 3. Cap. 8. Sect. 66. with large Notes and Observations thereon: this Regulus is nothing but Antimony perfectly opened by Nitre, and divested of its poysonous qualities, by a long fusion, tho' not long e∣nough to evaporate all its pur∣gative Sulphur; and its eme∣tick Vertue is fixt by the addition of Mars.

§ 2. It purges by Stool very well without provoking to vomit, if it be infused in White-wine, or made into Cups, or Pills, which they call everlasting Pills: you may infuse ℥j. of the Pouder in a Quart of Wine, Sack, Ale, &c. of which you may give ab ℥j. ad iv. in the morn∣ing fasting.

§ 3. If you make it into Pills (which is not so good) one large Pill may serve you for ever, taking it out of the Close-stool, and then making it clean for another time; the Pill may be made in weight from ʒj. ad ʒij. and in some Bodies will work very well.

§ 4. And if you pouder 18 or 20. ounces of it, and tye it up loosly in a course Linnen-Rag, and then let it infuse in lbiij. of some Sudorifick decoction of the Woods, Roots, Barks, &c. it is said to cure the Pox without fluxing with Mercurial Remedies: but in∣deed this Medicament con∣tains a Philosophick Mercury of greater Excellency than the Vulgar.

§ 5. If you dissolve Regu∣lus of Mars in Spirit of Sal-Gem, and macerate the Solu∣tion, and distil it, and then inspissate, you will have a good purge, and a Vomit which works gently: the Dose may be two or three Grains.

§ 6. Le Febure from Begui∣nus makes this Martial Re∣gulus thus. ℞ Ends of Horse-Nails, or filings of Iron or Steel lbss, very pure and clean, put them into a large deep strong Crucible, place it in a Wind Fornace, upon a Culot, which is a round bottom or Tile so called, cover it with a piece of Brick bury it in Charcole mixt with kindled Coals, that they may kindle by degrees: the Iron being clearly red-hot, drawing near to a white Glow∣ing, add to it of choice Anti∣mony in Pouder lbj. and cover it again with the Brick and Chals to make the Fusion and Ʋnion of the two Matters; which done, throw into the Crucible of good Nitre in gross Pouder, a little warmed ℥iv. that taking flame with the Sul∣phur of the Antimony, it may make the Fusion the quicker and clearer: this done, imme∣diately as soon as the Ebulition is over take forth the Crucible and pour the melted Matter into a Cone or Regulus Vessel bemeared with Wax; upon the brims of which strike with a Hammer or Pestel, to cause the Regulus the better to sepa∣rate it self: but for want of such a Vessel, take your Cru∣cible out of the Fire, and stri∣king softly upon the brims of it, let it cool, and the Regulus will settle in the same.

§ 7. Take the Regulus out of the Vessel, or Crucible, and therein you shall find a seeming uniform Lump; but knock upon it about the mid∣dle, and the Regulus which is in the bottom, will forsake the Dross which is (in this Operation) uppermost, and is nothing else but the Mar∣tial Sulphur, and Terrestial Impurieties of the Antimony, with some little remainings of the Nitre, which also frame by themselves a kind of close compacted Lump, which every day dissolves it self in the Air into a dry Pouder, resembling dirty fi∣lings of Iron.

§ 8. The Regulus not being pure enough in the first melt∣ing, beat it therefore into pou∣der, and add to it ℥iij. of An∣timony in pouder to hasten its fusion, and put it in a new Crucible, and cause it again to flow in a Wind Fornace, and being in fusion, cast into it of very dry Nitre ℥ij. or iij. be∣ing

warmed and in gross Pou∣der, upon which there will be yet again a small Detonation or Ebulition, which being over, cast is again into the Iron Cone, knocking upon it as before: and from this Regulus separate the blackish Impurities as before, and you will find your Regulus twice as pure and white as the former: proceed thus the third time, and you will find the Scoria more grey or whitish, which is a sign that it begins to draw nearer to a state of Purity.

§ 9. Proceed now to a fourth fusion but always with new Nitre dry and warm, giving a very strong fire this last time, that the Nitre may be in a very good fusion; then cast it quickly, and with swift∣ness stir the Casting Vessel, be∣ing first well warmed, and turn it round, and you shall have a bright S••ellate or starry Regulus of Antimony, to the very Center, white as Silver, and repleat with a Solar Sul∣phur▪ for the Nitre which was on the top of it, is all yellow, an infallible sign, (with the Star on the top of it) that it has attained to its purity and perfection.

§ 10. Charras makes it ex∣actly according to Le Febure's Method now declared, and adde, that the Antimony used in this Preparation, affords in proportion to its quantity, much more Regulus, than in that which is simply Antimo∣nial; because the Mars not only hinders the dissipation, which would otherwise hap∣pen of several Particles of the Antimony, but also aug∣ments its quantity by joyning with it in its own pure parts in the Fusion; nor can the Nitre make so great dissipa∣tion as in the simple Regulus, because it is here used later, and also mixed by degrees in a small quantity.

§ 11. But this is also true, that should you long continue to mix it, it might at length consume all the Mars, and change all the Qualities of the Antimony, rendering it Diaphoretick.

§ 12. Rolfincius Chym. Lib. 5. Sect. 11. Cap. 1. saith that the oftner the Calcination is reiterated with Nitre, the more the Regulus decreases, and at length is all turned into Scoria, and that the ite∣ration of the Calcination to the end the Star may appear, is done all in vain: this he says he knows by experience; but we will bring Experience against Experience, and say that for the three or four Ite∣rations, the Regulus becomes apparently more bright and

pure; but after the fourth time, it may diminish not on∣ly in the quantity, but in the Vertues also, and so we a∣gree with him.

§ 13. Marggrave makes the Regulus after Beguinus his Method, but only with one single Calcination, and with a quarter part of the Nitre which he puts in, in the first Calcination: but this Regulus he beats into pouder, and melts it again in a clean Cru∣cible, which he performs with a very small Fire, so says he, it comes forth more pure and bright, adding to∣wards the end a small pro∣portion of Nitre.

§ 14. Le Mort makes it with pieces of Steel p. iv. which being made red hot, he adds to it. Antimony in small bits p. ix. melt them together, and fuses them with a Pouder pre∣pared of Nitre and Tartar, ℥j. letting them flow in the Fire for an hour, then pours them forth, shaking or striking the Cone, and separates the Re∣gulus from the Scoria: this Regulus he again melts, and cast in by degrees, about a sixth part of pure Nitre, for a far∣ther separation of the Scoria; then casting it into the Cone, he lets it stand till it is perfect∣ly cold, so obtains a stellified Regulus: this Regulus says he, may be done without addition of Salts, but then it will not be so pure.

§ 15. Lemery makes it ex∣actly after Le Febure's Me∣thod with four Calcinations adding fresh Antimony ¼ part the second time, but no An∣timony the two last times, but each time the same proporti∣on of Nitre; observing the last time to melt it well, be∣fore you cast the Nitre into it, that the Star may ap∣pear.

§ 16. From Antimony ℥xvj. and Iron ℥viij. after the first purification you will have ℥x. of Regulus, and ℥xiij. of Scoria: after the second pu∣rification ℥ixss. of Regulus: after the third purification ℥viij. ʒij. do remain; and after the fourth time you will have only ℥vij. ʒvj. of this Martial Regulus.

§ 17. Now the Iron in its first fusion with the Antimony, turns almost all of it into Scoria, or Dross, because it joyns with the more impure Sulphur, so that the Reguline or Metalline part being more weighty falls down to the bottom.

§ 18. The Nitre is used only in order to open the Body of the Antimony, and cause a more perfect fusion, the better to make a separati∣on

of the grosser parts, and to carry off some of its offen∣sive Sulphur by its Volatile parts; so that the Scoria con∣sists of Iron, Sulphur and fixt Nitre.

§ 19. This Fusion is thrice repeated because some Par∣ticles of the Mars (which easily joyns with Antimony by reason of a gross Sulphur it contains) may leave the Regulus and joyn with it.

§ 20. The Star appearing in the Martial Regulus (tho' not in the simple Regulus) is from the Antimony it self, which is apt to shoot into Needles, as they who shall be pleased to make its Vitriol may easily prove; but before it is purified from many of its sulphurous and impure parts, these Star-like Needles cannot app••ar, unless confu∣sedly: but being purified with Mars (which attracts to its self most of its soft and impure Sulphurous parts, which hinder the Stars ap∣pearance, and the Crystalli∣zation of the Antimony) the Particles of the Crystaline substance of the Antimony remain and stick close toge∣ther, which being joyned with the most pure parts of the Mars from that Star, by a natural shooting or disposi∣tion of the same: and this Star appears in the purified Regulus Martialis because it was naturally in the Antimony before, and not from any thing which was in the Mars, the Iron only helping to puri∣fie it, expatiate its Crystaline Particles, and harden it; for which reason the Martial Regulus is found to be harder than the common or simple Re∣gulus, tho' never so often pu∣rified.

§ 21. The Dose of this Martial Regulus, if it be gi∣ven in its own substance in pouder is from gr. x. ad ℈j. in some Conserve, or other proper Vehicle.

§ 22. To make the Gol∣den Diaphoretick Sulphur of Antimony. ℞ Scoria of Re∣gulus Martis, q. v. boil a quarter of an hour in fair Wa∣ter, in a Brass or Iron Vessel, so have you a dark yellow Lixi∣vium: filter the Liquor into a Glass or Stone Vessel (not a glazed Earthen one, lest the Salts should corrode the Lead) and affuse thereon two or three Spoonfuls of Spirit of Vinegar, Nitre, Vitriol or Sulphur (the stronger it is, the higher the Colour of the Precipitate) so will the Liquor coagulate the Curd being settled, decant the clear Liquor (which keep to wash Bedsteds with to preserve them from Buggs) and on the

Curd affuse common Water, so will a Saffron coloured Pre∣cipitate or Pouder fall down: decant this first water, and affuse more in great quantity, to sweeten it, and take away its ill Smell, and Emetick quality; lastly, dry it between two Papers leisurely in the Shade for use.

§ 23. The Acid poured on the Lixivium causes 1. A co∣agulum, 2. Gives the dull yellow colour. 3. Causes it to stink abominably: for the Antimonial Sulphur is dissol∣ved by an Alcali in the Li∣quor, and therefore it will not let it go till the Alcali is weakned by an Acid. And as to the colour, Sulphur is naturally yellow but the A∣cid enlivens and heightens the Colour, so that being washt from the Alcalious Salts, the Pouder becomes of a fine light yellow. And Sulphur being heat, always stinks, therefore being heat∣ed by the Action of the Acid and re-action of its Dissol∣vant, it causes that extream∣ly abominable smell.

§ 24. That a great quan∣tity of Water being poured upon the Coagulum, it pre∣sently precipitates into a yel∣low Pouder, of a much live∣lier colour; for the Water dissolves all the Salts of what kind soever, and thereby frees the Antimonial Sulphur from all its tyes and bonds; so that the Sulphur having thrown off its Salts, it then appears of its own natural colour.

§ 25. This Golden Dia∣phoretick Sulphur, is nothing but a fixed Sulphur of Anti∣mony, drawn from the Scoria of Antimony, opened and melted by Nitre: for the Volatile Sulphur of Antimo∣ny, is so much the more poy∣sonous; as it is Volatile; and that which is least Volatile is violently Emetick and Ca∣thartick; but this being once fixed it is only Diapho∣retick and opening.

§ 26. For a Demonstrati∣on that this Diaphoretick Sul∣phur is but a fixt Sulphur of Antimony, do but let the Scoria lie two or three days upon the ground, and there will rise of it self, without any Artifice, a kind of yel∣low Moss, which is nothing but the true Sulphur of An∣timony purified.

§ 27. It is a powerful Dia∣phoretick and Diuretick, ser∣ving principally to provoke Womens Monthly Terms, being given à gr. 20. ad 30. either alone or with Saffron, Savin, or Sena, gr. x. infu∣sing them twelve hours in

White-wine, and so continu∣ing i•• for two or three days together. Where Note, that if this Pouder be not well washt and edulcorated, it may both provoke Vomiting and Stools too: and there∣fore of that you must be care∣ful.

XCII. Regulus Solari••, Solar Metal of Antimony.

Bate.] It is made of the Regulus of Antimony being melted ℥iv. mixt with fine Gold ℥st. S. A. It is an Hy∣sterick, and Deoppilative, or opener of Obstructions.

Salmon.] § 1. Schroder makes it after this manner. ℞ Antimony ℥iv. Gold ℥j. melt them together, and pour them out (as is usual) into a Regulus, to be separated from the Scoria or Dross: melt the Scoria again with Crude An∣timony, and when they run, and silings of Mars, and melt it again till the Regulus set∣tles; do this the third time, or till no more Regulus is pro∣duced.

§ 2. Also a Regulus or Gol∣den Ceruse of Antimony is thus made. ℞ Regulus of Anti∣mony ℥j. fine Gold ʒj. Sal-Ni∣tre ℥iij. Calcine them without melting (in a Crucible) so the Regulus will be a yellow Pou∣der; the Gold losing something of its weight: edulcorate the Pouder, and if you please cal∣cine again. This poudered Golden Regulus excellently provokes Sweat.

§ 3. Rolfincius Chym. Lib. 5. Sect. 11. Cap. 5. makes it more compound, and calls it Electrum Majus: Thus, ℞ Martial Regulus of Anti∣mony ℥iij. melt it in a Cruci∣ble, and then add of fine Sol ʒss. of Luna ʒj. of Venus ʒij. of Jupiter ʒiij. and of Sa∣turn ʒiv. add them sensim & sensim, and that their Flux may be promoted cast in of Nitre ℥ij. then pour it forth into a Cone▪ and being cold keep it for use.

§ 4. The use of this Ele∣ctrum Majus is to prepare therefrom with Corrosive Sublimate a Butter, and from thence a Mercurius Vitae, and a Bezcar Minerale. This E∣lectrum calcined with an e∣qual proportion of Nitre, and edulcorated with fair Water, is given ad gr. iv. or v. either by it self, or with other things, in Broth, or some other pro∣per Liquor or Antidote.

§ 5. Le Mort makes it thus. ℞ The best and purest Regulus of Antimony ℥ss. Gold purified with Antimony ʒiij. mix and melt them together,

according to the usual Me∣thod.

§ 6. The Dose is ad ℈j. be∣ing first reduced into fine Pouder, and then taken in some proper Vehicle, as Con∣serve, Electuary, Syrup or the like, in the Morning fast∣ing, having a good quantity of Posset-drink or Broth, ready before hand, to drink with it, in its working.

XCIII. Regulus Veneris, Me∣tal or Settlings of Venus i. e. Venerial Metal of Antimony.

Bate.] It is made of Venus, Tartar and Nitre, A. ℥iv. An∣timony ℥viij. mixing and de∣tonating S. A. It opens Ob∣structions in the Rickets.

Salmon.] § 1. There is little or no difference between this and the former Reguli, as to the Methodus faciendi, you may either make it as our Author here directs with Crude Antimony: or other∣wise with the Regulus Anti∣monii, adding a proportion∣al quantity of Nitre, to fa∣cilitate the Fusion of the Ve∣nus, &c.

§ 2. It is an excellent o∣pener of Obstructions, not only of the Liver and Spleen, but also of the Womb, and of all the other Viscera; and it has been found by Experi∣ence to be good against the Green-sickness in Virgins, more especially if it be pre∣pared with the Martial Regu∣lus, which has a Specifick property for that purpose.

§ 3. It very much sweet∣ens the Blood, and therefore dissolves the Coagulum caused by the Acid, whence pro∣ceeds the Rickets in Children, the Green-sickness in young Maids, and the Kings-Evil in elder Persons, with other Diseases of like kind, pro∣ceeding from internal Ob∣structions, &c.

§ 4. It is a Specifick against Barrenness in both Sexes, for it not only opens Obstructi∣ons of the Womb, cleansing and purifying it from all its feculencies, but it also streng∣thens the Instruments of Ge∣neration in both Sexes, con∣firming the Tone of the Sper∣matick Vessels, and enabling them to do their Duty, both to the Generation of Seed, and Ejection of the same be∣ing generated, &c. Dose, à gr. viij. ad xij. or xx. ac∣cording to Age and Strength.

XCIV. Secundinae Preparatae, The Secundines or After∣birth prepared.

Bate.] ℞ The Secundine of a Woman, or of a Sow, at its first bringing forth; wash it is White-wine; dry it as speedily as may be, and reduce it into a fine Pouder, S. A. Dose is ad ʒj. against the Fal∣ling-sickness and Suffocation of the Womb: it also facili∣tates the Birth in time of Travel, &c.

Salmon.] § 1. After it is washt in the White-wine, it will be best to cut it into small pieces, for by that means it will the more easi∣ly dry, and be made fit to reduce into Pouder.

§ 2. But that it might the more speedily be reduced, it will be best after the wash∣ing it with Wine, and dry∣ing it with Cloths, to wash it in the best rectified S. V. and then let it dry of its own accord, and being dryed to dip it in again, and let it dry again, and this work to reiterate four or five times; for by this means the Fire, or Sulphur of the S. V. will more effectually dry it in one Day, than by the other it will be dryed in a Week; and so it will be much more easily reduced to a Pou∣der.

§ 3. The Author has shown you its Vertues, for which it is excellent, but the Dose is too small upon some occasi∣ons. It may be given à ℈ij. ad ʒij. in some proper Vehi∣cle: But Note, the After∣burden of a Woman much exceeds, and is more Speci∣fick than that of a Beast.

XCV. Sedativum Archaei, A Quieter of the Archaeus, or chief Vital and Animal Powers.

Bate.] ℞ Flowers of Sal-Armoniack martiated from which draw a Tincture with S. N. which abstract to a just Consistency S. A. It has the Vertues of the Flowers of Sal-Armoniack martiated.

Salmon.] § 1. How these martiated Flowers of Sal-Armoniack are to be made, see Chap. 10. Sect. 4. follow∣ing.

§ 2. It is only a Tincture drawn from the martiated Flowers of Sal-Arm. and therefore you may choose whether you will abstract any of the Spirit or no: if you abstract all the Spirit, the remainder will be a solid

Tincture: but if half the Spirit, it will be a Syrup like Tincture.

§ 3. But since it is impossi∣ble to abstract any of the Spirit, but that some of the Volatile parts of the Medi∣cine will come over with it; and since the remainder is not to be given alone, but in some proper Vehiculum; it is in my opinion better to keep the Tincture in its whole Body, without any abstraction, for as much it is but doubling the Dose, and the work is done; whereby, much labour and loss is saved.

§ 4. It powerfully opens Obstructions of the Viscera, but chiefly of the Slpeen and Womb, thereby removing Melancholy, and irregular Fancies thence proceeding; and is profitable against Va∣pors, and Fits of the Mother, but more especially is a Spe∣cifick against the Green-sick∣ness in Virgins, and the Ric∣kets in Children. Dose, à gr. x. ad ℈j. or ʒss.

XCVI. Silices Preparati, Flints prepared.

Bate.] ℞ Flints white and pellucid gathered out of Rivers; heat them red-fire-hot in a Crucible, and quench them in Fountain-water (in which Sal-Armoniack has been dissolved) so long till they may be made into a Pouder, make a subtil Pouder by grinding on a Mar∣ble, which make into Troches with Rose-water, drying them well S. A. They are Diure∣tick, and used against the Dropsie, Stone, stoppage of Urine, &c. Dose, gr. 10. ad 20. &c.

Salmon.] § 1. Hartman up∣on Crollius says that Flints and other preparations of such hard Stones may be taken inwardly with more safety and satisfaction, than if un∣prepared, by breaking into pieces and grinding into Pouder, to be taken either alone, or mixt with other Medicaments.

§ 2. And therefore Crollius prepares a Salt of Flints, af∣ter this manner. ℞ Pouder of Flints, Sulphur, A. q. v. Calcine three or four times in an open Fire, the Crucible be∣ing covered; and after with a Fire over the whole Crucible: then wash away the Sulphur and Feces, and being in fine Pouder, mix it with an equal quantity of purified Nitre, and calcine in a covered Crucible, in an open Fire, till they flow: then abstract the Salt with hot Water, and on the edulcora∣ted Pouder, affuse Oil of Tur∣pentine

drawn off from Horse-radish-roots: stir them dili∣gently for the first hour or two, l••st the Matter congeal, so will they be resolved: afterwards abstract the Menstrum by an Alembick, and a Salt will re∣••••un in the bottom, which dulcifie well, always filtring and evaporating the distilled Water. This Salt put upon a Marble in a cold moist Cellar will resolve into Liquor.

§ 3. This Liquor much exceeds the former prepared Pouder of our Author, and may be given in some drops, viz. à gut. 10. ad 15. in Broth, or Aqua Calcis, &c. to all the purposes aforemen∣tioned.

§ 4. But if upon this said Liquor you put good Alcohol of Wine; it will extract or imbibe from the Liquor, its Tincture or Sulphur, and se∣parate it from the Salt under∣••ath, and remain superna∣ting with the Alcohol; from which Tincture you may if you so please abstract the Spirit to a due Consistency.

§ 5. The Feces remaining in the bottom, after exacti∣on of the Menstruum afore∣mentioned poured on, may be calcined again with new Sulphur, and used for a far∣ther Extraction of Salt in the former manner.

§ 6. But Hartman has an ordinary preparation of Flints which he calls Diuretick, which for the sakes of those who have not Conveniences to make the former Prepara∣tion, and by reason it is short and easie to be done, we shall here insert.

§ 7. ℞ White River Flints, calcine them in the Fire, and quench them in rich Wine which so often repeat, till they be wholly reduced into Pou∣der.

§ 8. The Pouder you may use in Case and Place, and in the same Dose with that prescribed by our Author: The Wine filter; one draught of which (for that it contains▪ some part of the Salt of the Flint) being drank will presently expel Urine: for Tartar within the Bo∣dy stops the Urine, which is resolved and expelled by Salts given inwardly. See Our Pharmacop. Lond. Lib. 3. Cap. 12. Sect. 45. § 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

XCVII. Sulphur Antimonii, Sulphur of Antimony.

Bate.] ℞ Salt of Tartar or Salt of Wormwood ℥iv. melt it in a Crucible, and put in Cochleatim, Crude Anti∣mony in Pouder ℥j. let it flow for the space of a quarter of an hour, and then your it out into a Brass Vessel: the Mass of a Saffron colour, edulcorate by many and often repeated ablu∣tions. S. A. It provokes Vo∣miting. Dose, à gr. 5. ad. 10. given with Cremor Tartari, it purges by Stool.

Salmon.] § 1. This is Sul∣phur of Antimony mixed with all the gross Body of the Antimony, and is nothing near so good as the Sulphur Auratum; but it may do in want of the other, and sup∣ply its place.

§ 2. The Pills of Antimo∣ny going under the Name of Lockyer's Pills, are supposed to be this Vulgar Sulphur of Antimony, ground small, and made up with Honey or some such like Body, to which he ascribes almost innumerable Vertues.

§ 3. But the better Arrists mak•• the Sulphur of Antimo∣ny, by extracting it from the rest of its gross body: Schro∣der has it thus. ℞ Antimony, Tartar Ana. mix and melt them at the Fire, then cast them into a Pot full of hot wa∣ter; let them stand a night, then decant the Liquor, and precipitate the Sulphur by boiling or dropping in Spi∣rit of Vinegar, or some other Acid.

§ 4. The Sulphur of Ami∣mony is commonly drawn forth with Spirit of Vinegar, or by a strong Lixivium, such as this. ℞ Salt of Tartar, Quick-lime, common Salt cal∣cined, Ana. make a Lixivi∣um which filter. Or thus. ℞ Ashes of Bean-stalks, Quick∣lime, Pot-ashes, Ana. make a Lixivium. Or thus. ℞ Quick-lime lbj. Water lbxij. or xv. mix and digest, then decant the clear.

§ 5. Sulphur from the Ore, of Crude Antimony. ℞ Ʋn∣melted Antimony in fine Pou∣der lbiij. affuse on it a strong Lixivium of Lime-water; digest six days; decant, filter and by gentle boiling reduce it to a red Pouder. It both purges and vomits, being gi∣ven à gr. ij. ad v.

§ 6. Charras makes it from Cinnabar thus. ℞ Cinnabar of Antimony in fine Pouder, put it into a glazed Earthen Rot upon which affuse a strong Lixivium made of Salt of

Tartar, Quick lime, and Pot-Ashes: fill the Pot almost full of this Lye; boil all for three or four hours, putting in from time to time, new Lye into the Po••, as it wastes: then whilst the Liquor is bot filter it, and save the revived Mercury, which will lie at the bottom; and if you please affuse on the Liquor Spirit of Vinegar to ha∣ste•• ••••e Precipitation of the Sulp••ur; or else letting the Liquor cool, the Sulphur of the Cinnabar which is the Sulphur of the Antimony will precipi∣tate to the bottom of its own accord▪ 〈◊〉〈◊〉 being precipitated wash it with Water several times, till it is perfectly edul∣corated, then dry it, and keep it in a Glass Bottle close stopt up for use.

§ 7. This Sulphur is not to be taken for that, which is said to be one of the prin∣ciples of Antimony, which being united with its most pure parts, is as it were inse∣parable from it. It is given à gr. ij. ad iv. or v. but it works violently both up∣wards and downwards, ex∣pelling all bad humors, not much unlike to the Sulphur Auratum drawn from the Feces of the Crocus. Metallo∣rum, or the Dross of the Re∣gulus of Antimony.

XCVIII. Sulphur Antimonii Combustibile, The Com∣bustible Sulphur of Anti∣mony.

Bate.] ℞ Antimony dissol∣ved in a proper Menstruum; and cast it into Water: gather the Sulphur, and wash it with warm water: or if you so please, sublime it per se S. A. Dose and Vertues are the same with the former.

Salmon.] § 1. What this proper Menstruum is, our Au∣thor has not here told us; but to make it susceptible to every mean understanding, we will give you it from Zwelfer, Mantiss. Spagyr. Cap. 8. in the following Words.

§ 2. Distil an A. F. from Nitre and Alum, Ana. mix∣ing Bole with them: or other∣wise a sufficient quantity of calcin'd Alum, according to Art: to this A. F. ad d a fourth part of common Salt, and dis∣solve it in the same, in a gentle heat; so have you the Men∣struum prepared.

§ 3. ℞ New Antimony in fine Pouder q. v. put it into a Glass Alembick, and affuse thereon Guttatim & pederen∣tim, the afore-prepared Aqua Regia, or Menstruum, ••••tting

it dissolve at much as it can: The Solution presently decant and filterate (for certain Rea∣sons) to which immediately put a large quantity of simple warm Water, so will the Sul∣phur be separated which care∣fully gather, and edulcorate it by many repeated Ablutions with fair water, and then keep it for use.

§ 4. Or thus, from the same Author. ℞ Hungarian Antimony in Pouder, or in place thereof, the Regulus in Pouder lbj. to which affuse Pe∣detentim, Oleum Tartari, per deliquium, lbj. or more: mix and put them over a gen∣tle Fire, and abstract to dry∣ness, so that the Mass may be of a Red colour: reduce it to a subtil Pouder, and boil it in an Iron Frying-pan, or Iron Kettle, with a sufficient quan∣tity of a strong Lixivium, re∣peating it several times, till the Lixivium appears very red: The tinged Lixivium precipitate with Spirit of Vine∣gar, so will a red Pouder fall to the bottom, which edulco∣rate by many Ablutions with fair warm Water, and keep the Sulphur for use.

§ 5. The aforegoing Sul∣phurs of Antimony are very Emetick, and therefore not very safe for vulgar use; but Zwelfer, that he might make them more profitable for practical use, fixes their E∣metick properties after this manner. ℞ Sulphur of An∣timony q. v. affuse thereon de∣phlegmated Oil or Spirit of Vitriol so much as may over∣top it an Inch, digest some days, and abstract; repeating this operation several times, so will you have a fixed Sul∣phur of Antimony, of great Vertues, and which will on∣ly work downwards, being given à gr. iv. ad x. increa∣sing the Dose gradually, as the Body of the Sick can bear it.

§ 6. From this fixt Sulphur of Antimony, with the Philo∣sophical Spirit of Vitriol or Spirit of Venus you may ex∣tract, a Tincture thus. ℞ Fixt Sulphur of Antimony q. v. Philosophick Spirit of Vitriol, so much as to over-top it three Inches: digest some days in a gentle B. M. then decant the tinged Spirit, which abstract to the thickness of Honey: to this Mellaginous extract affuse rectified S. V. so will you have a Rubicund Tincture: from which if you abstract the S. V. again to a due Consi∣stence, you will have the Es∣sentia Antimonii, of almost infinite worth in purifying the Blood, altering the dis∣crasie of the Juices and Hu∣mors,

and resisting all sorts of Fevers and Febritick Di∣stempers whatsoever: Dose, à gr. iv. ad vj. or x. in some Cordial Vehicle.

§ 7. And from the afore made Sulphur Antimonii not fixed, he makes a Balsamum Antimonii, after this man∣ner. ℞ Sulphur of Antimo∣ny aforesaid ℥j. Salt of Tartar a•• much: mix them well toge∣ther in a Crucible over agentle Fire, put the Mixture into a Glass Cucurbit, and affuse therein Spirit, i. e. Aethe∣ri•• Oil of Turpentine, so much 〈◊〉〈◊〉 may overtop it about three Inches; digest in a gentle Sand or As•• ••eat, till the Spirit of Turpentine is tinged of a Ru∣bicund colour, which then de∣cant, and keep for use.

§ 8. This Balsam prevails wonderfully in Diseases of the Brest and Lungs, hears Ulcers of the Lungs, and the Hurts of the other Vis∣cera and internal parts; and is excellent against Coughs, Colds, Asthma's, Wheezings, Spitting Blood, &c. Dose, à gut. vj. ad x or xij.

§ 9. Marggrave makes this Balsam of the Sulphur of Antimony thus. ℞ Pure Sul∣phur of Antimony ℥ss, common Oil of Turpentine ℥ij. mix and digest in a Glass Cucurbit, in the third degree of Fire for three hours, so that the Sulphur may be dissolved with a great noise; and leave the Glass in the Sand to grow cold gradually of its self: decant the Solution into a clean Pot, and affuse thereon fair water q. s. boil for a quarter of an hour, with a Fire of Charcole without flame (because the Matter is apt to take fire, and not to be quenched with any water) all being coled decant the super-flowing Water and Oil; and in the bottom you will find a Balsam of Sulphur, thick and black like Pitch, which you may dissolve into a thinner Balsam by adding to it 4 or 5. times its weight of some proper Aromatick Oil, as Oil of An∣niseed, Fennelseed, or the like.

§ 10. Or from this thick black Balsam, you may ex∣tract a Tincture with recti∣fied S. V. which you may keep and preserve for the same uses.

§ 11. This Balsam of Marg∣graves is thought not to be inferior to any natural Bal∣sam, it comforts and restores the Native heat, and after an insensible manner depu∣rates the whole Mass of Blood, whereby it is found to be a Remedy against the greatest Diseases, for that it is made of Antimony which

is of a Solar nature, sive Ma∣teria Solis. Dose, gr. iij, or iv.

§ 12. Marggrave makes inflamable Sulphur of Antimo∣ny, according to the Process delivered Sect. LVII. § 40. of this Chapter aforegoing the former part of the Pro∣cess; so that no more need be said of it here; this Sul∣phur is said to have a Dia∣phoretick and Sudorifick force, freeing the Blood from Impurities, and preserving it from putrefaction, and the ancient Chymists had it in great Estimation, for the cure of many supposed incurable Diseases, which it seems to root out insensibly: and therefore it was reputed a Panacaea, of which see Basil Valentine, Hartman, and o∣thers. And some Alchymists take the Tincture of this Sul∣phur (for it has the colour of Gold) for the Tincture of the Philosophers.

§ 13. Le Mort's fixed Sul∣phur of Antimony, by some called Panacea, or All-beal. ℞ The true inflamable Sulphur of Antimony; purified Regu∣lus of Antimony. Ana. ℥j. both being in fine Pouder, put them into a Retort, and affuse there∣on the best rectified Oil of Sulphur per Camp. or Oil of Vitriol, perfectly freed from the Flegm, ℥iij. digest them together for seven days: the eighth day augment the Fire, fixing to a large Receiver, and abstract the Oil of Vitriol to dryness: the abstracted Oil, co∣hobate, and reiterate the Coho∣bation six times: At last add ℥iss. of fresh or new Oil of Vitriol, and again abstract, making towards the end a very strong fire, that the bottom of the Vessel may be nearly red-hot: the Retort being cold, break it, and take out the Pouder; and to calcine it in a Crucible with a red-hot heat for three h••••rs, so will it be perfectly fixed; from which if you please you may distil off aromatiz'd S. V. four times.

§ 14. This Panacea puri∣fies the Blood, and helps all curable Diseases by Sweat, chiefly the Leprosie, Mor∣phews, Herpes, Scurvy, French Pox, &c. Dose, gr. j. ad. 8.

XCIX. Sulphur Auratum, The Golden Sulphur of Anti∣mony.

Bate.] It is made of the Scoria of the Regulus of An∣timony, being separated from it, boiled in water and filtred, precipitating the Sulphur with Vinegar, and washing it. Dose, gr. ʒ. ad xv. In some it vo∣mits before it sweats; with others it sweats, and then provokes stools: it wonder∣fully conduces to the cure of Tertian and Quartan Agues, being given an hour before the Fit: it often prevents the Infection and Contagion of the Plague, Small-Pox, &c. being given, and two or three times repeated, or otherwise it happily makes them to come forth: it is profitable also against the French Pox.

Salmon.] § 1. It is called Sulphur, but Sennertus lib. de consensu & dissensu. Cap. 19. will scarcely allow it: Sul∣phur illud auratum non esse Sulphur, sed calcem subtilem Antimonij, quae etiam in An∣timonij facilè reducitur, docet. But it is without doubt a Sulphurous part of the Anti∣mony dissolved by Alcalious Salts, and precipitated by an Acid: Thus.

§ 2. ℞ The Scoria or Dross of the Regulus of Antimony in fine Pouder, boil it in common Water in an Iron. Kettle or Earthen Pot half an hour, to make thereof a Lixivium, this decant and filter thro' brown Paper into a Stone or Glass Vessel (not an Earthen one gla∣zed, lest the Salts should cor∣rode the Lead) then affuse thereon Vinegar, or its Spirit, or Spirit of Sulphur or Vitriol, or Nitre, or some other Acid, so will the Liquor presently co∣agulate, which let stand for a while, and the Coagulum or Curde will settle of a reddish yellowish colour; then decant the clear Liquor; or otherwise, filter the whole, and separate the Precipitate, which dry and keep for use: but if you filter it not, you may put the Coagulum into common Water, and the Sulphur Auratum will precipitate in a Saffron-colour∣ed Pouder; being settled decant this first Water, and put on more in great quantity, that you may at once sweeten the Pouder, take away its ill smell, and diminish its Emetick force: then decant the clear Water, and filter the rest thro' a brown Paper, in which let it dry leisurely in the Shade, and keep it in a Glass close stopt for use.

§ 3. Lemery says that from fifteen Ounces of Scoria, you will have ℥12. ʒij. of the Sulphur Auratum; which is Emetick, and may be given à gr. ij. ad vj. in Broth or other like Vehicle; or other∣wise in form of Pills.

§ 4. To ℥xvj. of Scoria you may put Water lbxvj. this Liquor will coagulate like a Gelly when it is cold, by reason of the Salts and Sulphurs joyning together; the Scoria, being nothing but a mixture of the fixt parts of the Nitre and Tartar, joyn∣ed with the more impure part of the Sulphur of Antimony.

§ 5. The Coagulum is caused by reason of weaken∣ing the force of the Alcali∣ous Salts (which held the Sulphur of the Antimony) through the help of an Acid, by which means the Alcalies letting go their hold, the Sulphur precipitates; and of a yellowish colour, because it is the natural colour of Sulphur, which here is height∣ned and enlivened by the help of the Acid.

§ 6. So soon as the Vine∣gar or any other Acid is poured on, it causes a most abominable stinking Scent, from the ascending of some part of the Volatile Sulphur▪ of which so much as the Acid seizes on, it fixes; and this is natural to all Sulphurs being heat with Acids; and the hot Waters or Springs of the Mineral Baths are not free there from, for that mostly, they stink very much with Sulphur: the Precipi∣tate which the Acid makes is in large quantity, and much like a Coagulum or Curd.

§ 7. Now this Sulphur Au∣ratum is emetick, and not altogether pure, but is mix∣ed with much Salt and Ter∣restreities, which it yet re∣tains in its precipitation; and some suppose, that it is this Salt, which gives it this co∣lour by rarifying its parts.

§ 8. As to its Vertues and Operations it is much like to that of Crocus Metallorum, and therefore ought to be given in the same Dose; tho' some Chymists think it may be given in a larger, as to gr. x. or xij. or more: and it is called Golden Sulphur, by reason of its colour, it much resembling that of Gold.

§ 9. But doubtless the Gol∣den Sulphur of Antimony of the Ancients was another thing, viz. a fixt Sulphur, like that of Gold, which was subtil tinging Sudorifick and internal: whereas this Sul∣phur

is gross, without Me∣tallick Tincture, Emetick and External.

C. Sulphur Vitrioli, The Sul∣phur of Vitriol.

Bate.] It is made by dis∣solving Vitriol in warm Wa∣ter, and affusing therein Gut∣tatim Oleum Tartari per deli∣quium, that the Sulphur of the Vitriol may be precipitated, which edu•••••• ate and dry. It is good against Diseases of the Lungs: it cleanses pu∣trid Ulcers, and induces a Cicatrize; and is of very excellent use against the Fal∣ling Sickness, Vertigo, and Chronick Diseases. Dose, ad gr. 15.

Salmon.] § 1. Le Febure makes it thus. ℞ Pure Vi∣triol q. v. dissolve it in Water of May-Dew: digest the So∣lution seven days in B. Vapo∣roso: the eighth day filter it, and draw off half the Men∣struum by distillation in a boil∣ing B. M. take forth the Vessel, and whilst it is yet warm, af∣fuse thereon Oil of Tartar per deliquium, so will the Sul∣phur contained in the Liquor precipitate: let the Liquor grow clear by degrees, and then decant it by inclination; af∣terwards by several Affusions of distilled Rain-water, edul∣corate the remaining Sulphur, which dry, and keep for use.

§ 2. This says he is a good Remedy against disaffections of the Brest; and it may be given à gr. ij. ad x. in some proper pectoral Syrup, Lohoch, Lozenge, or Con∣serve, appropriated to the Disease: it is also successfully used to mundifie and cica∣trize sordid and evil Ul∣cers.

§ 3. Hartman in his Notes on Crollius, has the Prepara∣tion of this Sulphur, some∣thing differing from the for∣mer Prescripts; but it is only in the Calcination of it, in the Sun or otherwise, before he dissolves it, which to me seems to be labour in vain, because it is dissolved in a watery Menstruum again▪ whereby that is recuperated which was before unadvised∣ly taken away; besides in that Calcination some of the most Subtil and Volatile parts are lost, which cannot be restored by any after O∣peration.

§ 4. This is the same Pre∣paration which Schroder calls Sulpher Vitriolidulce, sweet Sul∣phur of Vitriol, which he says, is not only good for the Lungs but to cleanse sordid Ulcers and heal them.

§ 5. Sala opera. pag. 720. makes it thus. ℞ The best Vitriol dissolve it in Water, and let its Earthy parts settle, decant the clear Liquor from the Residence, and affuse there∣on a strong Lixivium of Pot-Ashes, so will the Sulphur fall down to the bottom: this do so long till the Liquor is depri∣ved of all its Sulphur: this Sulphur dry carefully and sub∣lime it per se, casting a∣way the Feces; and adding to it a half part of Salt of Tar∣tar distil by Retort a most Ru∣bicund Oil; to which after∣wards affuse a little Vinegar, and a redish Pouder will pre∣cipitate which wash from all its Acrimony: upon this Pou∣der or Sulphur affuse S. V. which circulate for eight days, and the desired Sulphur of the Vitriol, will be separated to the Superficies of the Spirit, and swim on top like an Aro∣matick Oil, which separate with a Tritorium, or separa∣ting Funnel.

§ 6. It consumes all the depraved Humidities of the Body, cleanses the Womb, makes fruitful the Seed, drys away the Water between the Skin and Flesh in a Dropsy, resolves the Coagulum of the Blood, and lastly has the power of opening Apostems. Dose, à gr. j. ad iv. or vj. in Bawm or Parsley-water &c. By the continued use of this Medicine the Leprosy (says he) is most happily cured, yea even the poyson∣ous Elephantiasis it self.

CI. Sulphur Vitrioli Mar∣tiale, Martial Sulphur of Vitriol.

Bate.] Wash the martia∣ted Flowers of Sal-Armoniack from all their saltness, and calcine, S. A. It has the same Vertues with the former; besides which it opens Ob∣structions: the Dose also is the same with the aforego∣ing.

Salmon.] § 1. You may find the Recipe in Zwelfer Mantis. spagyr. Cap. 3. pag. 803. where he advises to take the yellow martial Flow∣ers of Sal-Armoniack, q. v. and to affuse thereon a suffici∣ent quantity of fair Water, therewith to wash them from all their saltness, which they have received from the Sal-Armoniack, and this washing to be so often repeated till they are sweet, and a Rubicund Pouder remain, the true Off∣spring of Mars, and the very Essence of that Mineral; the which carefully dry; and (if you shall so please) by little

and little or degrees, ver•• g••••••ly calcine, and so keep it for use.

§ 2. It is an Anodyn, and profitable to ease the most acute pains; and by some is very aptly mixt with Opiate Laudanums: it gives ease in the Cholick, and the Gripings of the Guts, and alleviates all other pains: strengthning the Liver, and opening the Ob∣structions of the Spleen. Dose, à gr. ••j. ad ℈j.

§ 3. You may give them thus. ℞ Of our Antidote ℈ss. of this martial Sulphur, à gr. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ad xvj. Camphir in pou∣der gr. vj. Oil of Juniper-berries gut. iij. mix for a Dose against the Cholick, and the Griping of the Guts, or Pains o••••••e Gout. § 4. Or thus ℞ Of this Martial Sulphur ℈j. of our V••l••••••le Laudanum, gr. ij. Extract of Saffron ʒss. mix for a Dose, against any vehe∣•••••••• pain i•• what part of the ••••dy soever § 5. Or thus ℞ Sy∣•••••• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Poppies ℥ss. Treacle-wa∣ter ʒiij. of this Martial Sul∣phur gr. ••5. Oil of Cinna∣•••••• gut. ij. shake them toge∣ther, and give them for a Dose in pains of the Spleen, &c.

CII. Sulphur Vitrioli Narco∣ticum, The Narcotick or Anodyn Sulphur of Vi∣triol.

Bate.] ℞ Vitriol p. ij. Mars p. j. digest in Spirit of Vinegar, and distil in Sand to dryness: from the red Mass extract a Tincture, with Spi∣rit of Vinegar, filter and pre∣cipitate with Oil of Tartar: the Sulphur fallen down to the bottom edulcorate, and dry. From this Anodyns are made, bearing the Name of Lauda∣num. It stops Catarrhs, takes away Pains, &c. Dose, gr. ij. ad vj, &c. at time of sleeping.

Salmon.] § 1. ℞ Purifi∣ed Vitriol lbij. filings of Iron lbj. mix them together, and put them into a Glass body, affuse on them Spirit of Vine∣gar, so much as to over-top them two or three Inches: fix a head on the body and place it in a Sand heat, fitting a Re∣ceiver thereto; give but a gentle fire at first, to make all the Moisture rise, which in∣crease gradatim, till the Sand is red-hot: when all is cold, take out the Matter at bottom, pouder it, and digest it in a Matrass with fresh Spirit of Vinegar, so much as to over∣top

it three or four Inches, in B. M. for three or four days: then will you find the Men∣struum coloured, which decant, putting on again fresh Spirit of Vinegar, digesting a new, and decanting as before, reitera∣ting these same Operations, till your Spirit will be tinged no more: mix all these de∣canted Tinctures together, fil∣ter them; and then affuse thereon Oil of Tartar per de∣liquium, so much as may pre∣cipitate all the Sulphur of the Vitriol to the bottom, which afterwards edulcorate with warm Water by several Ablu∣tions, dry it, and keep it for use. Thus Beguinus.

§ 2. This lays he is a fa∣mous Anodynon, and to be preferred before many others, and Paracelsus commends it in the highest degree, as a Medicament of great worth: without doubt, it is an ex∣cellent thing, and a good Remedy for Diseases of the Brest and Lungs, Coughs, Colds, Asthma's Obstructi∣ons of the Lungs, Spitting of Blood, &c. Dose, à gr. v. ad xij. in any pectoral Syrup. Conserve, Lohoch, or Con∣fection.

§ 3. That it will ease pains in some measure is true; but that it is a Narcotick or A∣nodyn like to Opium, or as some will have it, to exceed Opium, or an Opiate Lauda∣num is so false, that scarcely any thing can be falser; and this Assertion my own large Experience has told me to be true; yet it is an excellent Medicine, and not to be despised for those Diseases it is designed against, and peradventure may exceed many others for Diseases of the Brest and Lungs, &c.

§ 4. Hartman upon Crol∣lius (who seems to be one of the first Publishers of this Medicine, and from whom most of the others had it) makes it exactly after the aforegoing manner, but with Hungarick Vitriol which is blew, or a Vitriol of Copper: this Sulphur he says is Com∣bustible Sulphur, which says he you may see by putting it to the Fire; for it will presently take flame, and be thereby wholly consumed like other Sulphur; but this is understood of the Pouder, the Spirit of Vinegar be∣ing abstracted to dryness, and then edulcorated, before the Oil of Tartar is put in∣to it.

§ 5. For the Vinegar im∣pregnated with this 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 Sulphur of Vitriol, being mixed with a sufficient quan∣tity of the Oil of Tartar

guttatim, lets go its hold of the Sulphur, whereby it pre∣cipitates, and is rendred fix∣ed and Anodyn.

§ 6. But Zwelfer has ano∣ther peculiar way of making it, by dissolving the best Hun∣garian Vitriol, or Vitriol of Mars in Water and filter∣ing &c. the whole Process at large you may see in our Pharm. Lond. Lib. 3. Cap. 9. Sect. 1. with some Notes upon it, so that we shall say no more of it here.

§ 7. Rolfincius Chym. Lib. 5. Sect. 9. Cap. 8. exactly follows Hartman, making first the inflamable Sulphur with Spirit of Vinegar; and from that the Anodyn Sulphur by affusion of Oil of Tartar, as is above taught; which same Method Schroder, Sala, Charras, and others pur∣sue.

§ 8. Le Febure makes it thus. ℞ Liege Vitriol lbvj, purified in a sufficient quan∣tity of Rain-water: this done, add to the Dissolution, fi∣lings of Iron or Steel lbiss. put them into a glazed Earthen Pan, stir them together, and put the Pan in the Sun, lea∣ving it till it grows thicker by degrees, which stir often, and evaporate to dryness: then beat it to pouder, and add to it lbiss. more of filings, sprink∣ling it with distilled Rain-wa∣ter, till all be reduced to a smooth uniform Pap, which stir often, and dry again by evaporation in the Sun; and thus proceed to the seventh time, until the Matter becomes a very high red Tincture: then being evaporated to dryness, put it into a large Matrass, and affuse thereon Spirit of Vine∣gar so much as to overtop it four Inches: digest in a Sand heat, stirring or shaking it of∣ten, and continuing the dige∣stion, till the Spirit is tinged of a fresh red colour: decant this Tincture, and affuse fresh Spirit of Vinegar, digesting, stirring, decanting, and af∣fusing fresh Spirit, till it will extract no more Tincture; mix all these Tinctures and filte∣rate them, and divide the Li∣quor into two equal parts. The one half put into a Glass Cu∣curbit, and in an Ash or Sand heat, abstract all the Men∣struum by distillation in a gradual heat to dryness: what is left at bottom edulcorate with distilled Rain-water, till the Water comes off tasteless: then dry it between two Papers in a gentle heat, so have you the combustible or inflamable Sulphur of Vitriol, mixt with that of Mars, which will easily take flame, and be con∣sumed like common Brim∣stone,

yielding a Purple flame.

§ 9. This Sulphur of Vi∣triol may be used instead of Flos Sulpuris, being much more efficacious and vertuous in all Diseases of the Brest and Lungs, as Coughs, Colds, Asthma's, Catarrhs, Short∣ness of Breath, Wheasings, Spitting of Blood, Ulcers and Obstructions of the Lungs, &c. being given à gr. iv. ad x. or xij. in Lozen∣ges with flowers of Benja∣min; or in some proper Sy∣rup, Conserve, Lohoch, Bo∣lus, or Electuary, &c.

§ 10. Of the other half he makes the Fixed and Nar∣cotick Sulphur of Vitriol thus. Being filterated as aforesaid, he puts it into a Cucurbit in B. M. and draws off one half or two thirds of the Men∣struum, then precipitates the remainder with Oleum Tar∣tari per deliquium affusing it guttatim, or drop by drop, till the precipitation ceases, or no more will fall: lets the Mat∣ter settle in the bottom of the Cucurbit for some time, then decanting the clear Liquor from it, he edulcorates the precipitated Matter by many ablutions; then drys it accord∣ing to Art: this redish Pouder he puts into a Matrass or Philosophical Egg, and in an equal heat digests or ripens it for the space of forty days, till it becomes of a fair, high red colour, which is the fixt Ano∣dyn Sulphur of Vitriol.

§ 11. This Sulphur is said to be a true Preserver and Restorer of Health, and con∣firmer of the Vital Functi∣ons, being given once in five or six days as a preservative, and every other day as a Cu∣rative; for it sends its Solar beams through the whole Body, expelling from it all Impurities whatever, either by Urine or Sweat, or an in∣sensible Transpiration, and easing all manner of pains whatsoever: Dose, à gr. ij. ad viij. or x. in Confectio de Hyacintho, or some other proper Vehicle fasting, drink∣ing after it a small Glass of generous Wine, or some Cor∣dial Water.

§ 12. Out of this fixed Sul∣phur of Vitriol you may make a Tincture. ℞ Of this fixed Sulphur of Vitriol ℥iv. ripned as before directed, put it into a Pellican, upon which affuse Tartariz'd Spirit of Vitriol, best rectified S. V. Ana. ℥vj. united together first by distilla∣tion in B. M. lute exactly the Junctures; digest and circu∣late in a vaporous B. till you see the Liquor become Blood∣red: then remove the Fire, and

decant the pure clear Tincture into a small Cucurbit, and there from abstract a half or third part of the Menstruum, keeping the remaining Tin∣cture as a most precious Jewel.

§ 13. It is a famous easer of Pains, strengthner and restorer of the Tone of the parts weakned, driving away naturally and insensibly, all hurtful and corrupted Hu∣mors, which may provoke or irritate the Archaeus: it opens Obstructions of the Lungs, Womb, Spleen, and other Viscera, provokes Ap∣petite, strengthens the Sto∣mach, and excites Venery, strengthening the Matrix, and all the Instruments and Vessels of Generation, recti∣fying, strengthning and in∣creasing the Seed, and ma∣king it prolifick and fruitful in both Sexes: it provokes Urine given in Arsmart or Onion-water, expelling the Dropsie by Urine, and with all it is prevalent against Va∣pors from the Spleen, Fits of the Mother, and most other Distempers of the Womb. Dose, à gut. j. ad vj. in Broth, Wine, or some proper Cor∣dial water.

§ 14. Schroder and some others have also a Purging Sulphur of Vitriol, which is made after this manner. ℞ Vitriol of Liege well depu∣rated lbij. mix it well with pure clear filings of Iron or Steel ℥vj. put all into a great Matrass, and affuse upon it Acid-water of Vitriol, so much as to overtop it four Inches: digest in B. M. for four days, stirring or shaking the Vessel five or six times a day: this done, filter the Liquor, and abstract one half of it by di∣stillation in Ashes; then af∣fuse on the remainder, Oleum Tartari per deliquium, gut∣tatim, ℥ij. to every pound of the Matter, so will the Sul∣phur precipitate; which (de∣canting from it the clear Li∣quor) take, dry, and keep for use.

§ 15. It is said to be a mild and gentle purge, good for such as have any stoppage or oppression of the Brest and Lungs, as a Cough, Asthma, Wheasing, Phthisick, or incline towards a Con∣sumption or hectick Feaver. Dose, à gr. ij. ad vj. in con∣serve of the Roots of Ele∣campane, or other good Pe∣ctoral.

§ 16. This Sulphur says Le Febure, if it be put into a Matrass, sealed up herme∣tically, and digested in a slow heat for the space of forty days, in Vertue

will be doubled, or be of double strength, and the Dose may be less by the half.

CIII. Sulphur Auri, seu Au∣rum potabile; The Sulphur of Gold, or Potable Gold.

Bate.] Purge Sol twice with Antimony, then calcine first with Mercury and Sul∣phur: Secondly, with Sea-salt melted: Thirdly, with Salt of Tartar, then extract with the Sulphur of Saturn, S. A. It is accounted an Universal Remedy against all Diseases whatsoever. It is Sudorifick and Alexipharmick after an admirable manner. Dose, gr. vij. or viij. in generous Wine.

Salmon.] § 1. This is the Reputed Aurum Potabile of our Country-man Dr. Antho∣ny, Published by Schroder, as you may see in our Pharm. Lond. Lib. 3. Cap. 1. Sect. 11. Joh. Daniel Horstius in his Pharmacopoeia, has published another Recipe under the Name of Dr. Anthony, which you may also see in our Doron Medicum, Lib. 2. Cap. 11. Sect. 4. but neither of these ••re the true.

§ 2. The right and genuine Preparation you may see in our aforesaid Doron. Lib. 2. Cap. 11. Sect. 3. out of Pa∣pers under Dr. Anthony's own Hand, as in the place cited we have declared, where you have the Process at large, and in his own words Ver∣batim.

§ 3. But to give you all the satisfaction we can in this matter, we shall do our en∣deavour in this place, 1. To explicate the Text of our Author. 2. To recount to you the several Aurum Poto∣tabiles which are extant by several Men. 3. And to add some others to the number, which are not to be found collected in any of our for∣mer Books.

§ 4. First, You are to take pure Sol; it is made pure by animmersive Calcination thus: Dissolve the Gold in Aqua Re∣gia, so will the Impurities set∣tle; decant the Solution and precipitate it; then melt the Gold and it will be pure.

§ 5. Secondly, Purge it with Antimony thus: Make a Re∣gulus of Gold as you do in An∣timony, put it into a Crucible, place it in a Fornace in a cir∣cular Fire, and use Bellows till the Antimony be blowed off, and nothing remain but pure Gold; which work twice repeat.

§ 6. Or thus from Charras. Put Gold q. v. or p. j. into a sound strong Crucible, placed upon a Culot in the midst of the Hearth place, in a Wind Fornace, and having kindled a good Coal-fire, make it red-hot: then cast in Gradatim Antimony in Pouder p. iv. which melting presently causes the Gold to melt: keep the mixture in fusion, till you see no more sparkles fly out, by which you may be certain, that the Antimony has consumed all the Heterogen or Foreign Sub∣stances mixed with the Gold; at which time having heated an Iron Cornute, and greaz'd it within, cast the melted Mat∣ter into it, and knocking the Cornute the Gold will descend to the bottom: letting it cool, separate all the Scoria, and pour it again into the Iron Cornute heated and greased, so will you have a Gold very pure, and of an excellent colour: This Work accord∣ing to the Text of our Au∣thor i•• to be twice repeat∣ed.

§ 7. Lemery does it much after the same manner, and in the same proportions, but taking the Crucible out of the Fire knocks it that the Regu∣lus may settle, and when cold, breaks it, and separates the Scortia on the top from the Gold: this Regulus of Sol he weighs, and melts again in a Crucible over a strong fire, and when it is melted casts in∣to it by little and little three times its weight of Salt Nitre, then continues a good strong Fire, that the Matter may remain in fusion, till the fumes are all gone, and it ap∣pears clear, then casts it into a Cornute, or else leaves it in the Crucible to cool, (knocking the Crucible while it is cool∣ing for the separation of the Regulus or Gold (from the Scoria) which then will be perfectly pur••.

§ 8. This purification of Gold by means of Antimony is better than any other, for∣asmuch, as nothing but Gold is able to make resistance against the Mouth of this de∣vouring Dragon; which de∣vours with that violence that it sometimes swallows up and consumes some part of the Sol. it self; but never leaves it in any other Me∣tal.

§ 9. It is also to be put up∣on a Culot or Tile, for fear, lest the Air coming in by the Ash-hole, should cool the bottom of the Crucible or Melting-pot: then the Anti∣mony being put into the red-hot Gold, it presently melts, and by reason of the Sulphur

of the Antimony the force of the Fire is increased; so that the porous and unfixed Mat∣ter mixed with the Gold, u∣niting with the Antimony, one part of it evaporates a∣way in Smoke, and the o∣ther remains in the Scoria.

§ 10. The Nitre is put into the second melting of the Regulus, to absorb or receive all the Antimony that may yet remain, whereby you have a well purified Regulus, even Gold of 24 Carats fine (a Carat being the 24th part of an Ounce.)

§ 11. Thirdly, the calci∣ning the Gold with Mercury and Sulpher. This is by A∣malgamation. ℞ Plates of Gold p. j. Quicksilver p. vj. mix or amalgamate at the Fire, till they begin to smoke, and cast them into Water, that the Mixture may be all alike: then grind it with twice as much Sulphur, and calcine is with a gentle Fire, till the Mercury and Sulphur exhale without melting; and the Calx of Gold be like the colour of a Marrigold. Thus Schroder.

§ 12. But Hartman says it is better, that after Amalga∣tion, you abstract the Mer∣cury by Retort, till they will no longer mingle, before you calcine with Sulphur.

§ 13. Beguinus separates after amalgamation, the su∣perfluous Mercury through Leather, mixes the remaining Mass with twice as much com∣mon Salt decripitated, and re∣verberated (in a luted Cruci∣ble, having only a hole at top) without melting the Gold, be∣ing thus calcin'd and dulcified, he amalgamates it with more Mercury, strains again the superfluous through Leather, and the remaining Matter calcines with twice as much Sulphur Vive, adding S. V. and burning it with the Sul∣phur, whereby the Gold is much attenuated, and made spun∣gy.

§ 14. Lemery takes very thin Plates of the former Re∣gulus of Gold, which he heats in a Crucible red-hot in a large Fire; then puts upon it eight times it weights of Quick-silver revived from Cinnabar, stirs the Matter with a small Iron Rod, and when it begins to fume, casts the Mixture in∣to an Earthen Pan of Water, in which it coagulates; then washe•• it several times to take away the blackness: the Mer∣cury not united he separates by straining through Linnen Cloth, the Matter remains being Gold with about thrice its weight of Mercury: put this Amalgama into a Crucible

over a gentle Fire, so will the Mercury evapora•••• into Air, and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the Cal•• of Gold as 〈◊〉〈◊〉, in a 〈…〉〈…〉 and ••••••alpable Pouder.

§ 15. This ••malgama says Ch••rr••••, being flung into a Dish of Water 〈◊〉〈◊〉 if it be∣wa•••••• and rubb'd in the Wa∣ter to free it from all the Dros•• and Uncl••••••ness, the A••••••••gama will be gentle, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 and of an un••••••ous ap∣pearance: Then having freed it from the superfluous Quick silver 〈◊〉〈◊〉 straining be evapo∣rates the remaining▪ Mercury▪ in a Crucible, over a gentle Fire as aforesaid: then amal∣gamates the Gold again with new Quicksilver, reiterating the same Operation three times.

§ 16. After this be mixes and bur•• gently over the Gold, si•• times o•••• after another its double ••eight in Flowers of Sulphur, as well to open it the better as to carry off all the Particles of the Mercury that 〈…〉〈…〉.

§ 17. By this means you have a Calx of Gold, the Par∣ticles of which will be per∣fectly divided, which are to be wash••, and reserved for the farther uses here re∣ferred to in our Text.

§ 18. From this Calx of Gold, you may have Flowers of Gold thus. ℞ Of this Calx, of Gold washed, p. j. Flower of Sal-Armoniack in sub i•• Pouder. p. iij. mix and put them into▪ an Adequate blind Alembick, and sublime them together in a Sand-heat with a moderate Fire; so will the Gold ascend in Flow∣ers with the Sal-Armoniack; edulcorate the Flowers by many Ablutions, and keep them for our present use, or any other, occasion which Art may re∣quire.

§ 19. Fourthly, The Cal∣cination of the former Calx of Gold with Sea-salt. This Operation we shall give you from Angelus Sala, Opera Me∣duo Chymica. pag. 686. ℞ Sea-salt but (he says Sal Gem) and make it flow in a Fire of Charcole▪ often stirring it▪ this distil afterwards with Rain-water to dryness; and grind this Salt upon a Marble with the former Calx of Gold, moistning it now and then with the distilled Rain-water, so long till the Calx appear•• very pure▪ put all into a Glass Matrass, pouring in Water and washing it, till no Salt∣ness remain, or till the Water comes off fresh: then in a re∣verberatory Fornace, rever∣berate or calcine this Solar. Calx▪ for a whole day, that it may be made very subtil.

§ 20. But Schroder advises the said Calx of Gold to be laid S. S. S. with the said melted Salt, and to be calein'd in a reverberating Fire, but so gentle as not to melt the Gold.

§ 21. Fifthly, To calcine the Gold with Salt of Tar∣tar. ℞ The last mentioned Calx of Gold p. j. pure Salt of Tartar p. iij lay them S.S.S. in a calcining Vessel or Cru∣cible, and in a gentle Rever∣beratory calcine again for seven days, but with this cau∣tion that the heat be not so great as to melt your Gold, (for then all your labour is lost) the Gold being then very light, and soft like the finest Flower, take it forth, and free it from the Salt of Tartar by many Ablutions in distilled Rain-water, then carefully dry it, and keep it for making Au∣rum Potabile with. Where Note, That Basil reverbe∣rates with Flowers of Tartar; but doubtless the Salt is bet∣••e

§ 22. Sixthly. To make the Sulphur of Lead. ℞ Cry∣staline Saccharum Saturni lbj. dissolve it seven times in the best Spirit of Vinegar, and evaporate as many times: then in a cold Cellar let it melt per deliquium, this Liquor put into a Retort in a Reverbera∣tory Fornace upon the cover of an Earthen Pot turned up side down, an Inch thickness of Sand, being between it and the bottom of the Retort: fit to the Neck a large Receiver, luting the Juncture well, and with a gradual Fire, carefully distil, and continus the distil∣lation till you see red heavy drops fall down, and the Reci∣pient grows clear of it self, which will be in about 24 hours, then put out the Fire, and in the Recipient you will have four several Liquors, viz. a volatile, subtil and infla∣mable Spirit: a yellow Oil, which is the Sulphur of Lead intended by our Author: a Flegm, and a red Oil.

§ 23. Put all into a clean Retort, and make a Rectifica∣tion in B. M. or Ashes, chang∣ing the Recipient to receive the said Liquors; so have you first the Volatile and Aetherial Spirit, coming over without any Veins therein, in the neck of the Retort: which being come over, change the Receiver, and you have secondly, the yel∣low Oil or Sulphur with oblique and winding Veins: when this sign disappears change the Re∣ceiver again, and you have, thirdly the Flegm, in straight and direct Veins; and fourth∣ly, the red Oil remaining at bottom.

§ 24. Seve••••bly, To com∣•••••• the design'd Aur•••• Po∣•••••••• ℞ Of the former pre∣••••red Cu•••• of Gold p. j. of this S••••p••••r of Lead p. iij. mix them, and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the Mix∣ture into a Glass P••••al or Egg, which seal up hermetically, and ••••gest in a gentle Sand 〈◊〉〈◊〉 40 days, so will you have 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Aurum Potabile as red as Blood, which is the Particles of the Sulphur of Gold dissolved and extracted into the Men∣struum.

§ 25. This is a great and famous Arcanum, and a se∣cret Remedy against all Di∣••••••es of the Heart and strain, being given à gut. j. ad viij. in the Spirit of Lilly Co••••ally, or in a Glass of generous Canary. It pro∣vokes Sweat gently, and as Nature requires, resists Poy∣son, restores in Consumpti∣ons, c••••es the Plague, and all sorts of malign, burning, contagious and epidemick Feavers; and in a special manner prevails against Epi∣lepsies, Apoplexies, Vertigo's L••••••rgies, Pal••ies, Megrims, Leprosies, Scabs, Itch, Ulcers, F••••••ula's, and other invete∣rate and almost incurable Di∣stempers: it is good against sainting and swooning Fits. chearing the Heart, and re∣viving the Spirits to a Mira∣cle.

§ 26. Thus have we given you this elaborate Process of our Text at large, explica∣ting plainly and clearly, e∣very particular thereof; But such as dislike it, for the re∣diousness thereof, may have recourse to other Prescripts of Aurum Potabile, such as are taught in our Pharm. Lond. and Doron Medicum, which are the following, viz. 1. Aurum Potabile made with Volatile Salt of Ʋrine. 2. With S. V. accuated with Flowers of common Salt, or Sal-Gem. 3. With rectified Oil of An∣timony. 4. With Oil of com∣mon Salt, or Sulphur and S. V. 5. With Spirit of Salt of Tar∣tar of Clossaeus. 6. That of Quercetan. 7. That of Billi∣chius: 8. That of Grulingius. 9. That of Mynsicht. 10. The Tinctura Auri of Clossaeus. 11. The Tincture of Basil Valentine. 12. Tinctura Ru∣bini Anri. 13. Quintescentia Auri Fabri. 14. Oleum Solis, or Oil of Gold; all which you may see in our said Pharm. Lond. Lib. 3. Cap. 1. Sect. 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 21, 23, 25, and 26.

§ 27. To the former four∣teen you may add the four following, 15. The true Au∣rum Potabile of Dr. Anthony. 16. Dr. Anthony's Prescript according in Horstius. 17. Es∣sentia

Auri. 18. Liquor Au∣reus, sea Oleum salis; the Preparations of which see in our Doron Medicum, Lib. 2. Cap. 5. Sect. 36. and Cap. 11. Sect. 2, 3, and 4.

§ 28. Besides all these here mentioned, there are several other Aurum Potabiles, and Tinctures of Gold to be found in Authors; which we can∣not here have leisure to de∣scribe, but shall rather refer you for the same, to our Of∣ficina Chymica, now in the Press.

§ 29. But to gratifie the Ingenious, we will here give you an▪ Aurum Potabile, not inferior to any Preparation I have yet seen▪ which was communicated to me, by a worthy and ingenious Gentle∣man, profoundly skilled in Chymical Learning, and an indefatigable Searcher into the most mysterious Secrets of Nature.

§ 30. It is made with the following Sal-Mirabile. ℞ The best and perfectly deflegmated Oil of Vitriol, common Salt, A. lbj. mix them together Paulatim; put the Salt into a Cucurbit guttatim put on the Oil: this done, distil in a Retort to dryness, so in the bot∣tom you will have a fixed Salt: this Salt dissolve in fair Water, and set it to Crystal∣lize, so will you have Sal-Mira∣bile: this being dryed in the Sun-beams, or a very gentle heat (so as it may not melt, for then the work of Crystallization must be performed again) will come to a fine white Pouder.

§ 31. To make with this Salt the Aurum Potabile. Take of this Pouder ℥vij. fine Sol in Leaves or Filings, ℥j. mix them, and in a Coat∣ed Glass Retort put them over a gentle Fire, at first, which increase gradatim, even to a red-hot heat; so will the Salt dissolve the Sol, and open its Body: this opened Sol dissolve in rectified S. V. so will you have a Tincture as red as Blood, which is Aurum Potabile. Dose, à gut. 10. ad 30. in some Cordial Water, or a Glass of generous Canary.

§ 32. Of this opened Sol, to make Vitriol of Gold. Dissolve this opened Body of Sol in fair Water, and it will be a glorious Green; this be∣ing put into a cool Cellar will shoot into long green Cry∣stals.

§ 33. Where Note, That the first ℥vij. Ounces of the Sal-Mirabile will not dissolve all the Ounce of Gold, and therefore to what remains of the undissolved Sol, put ℥vij. more of the aforesaid Salt in Pouder, which melt and dis∣solve

together as aforesaid; af∣ter which dissolve again in fair Water and Crystallize or Vi∣triolize as before.

§ 34. And to the remaining Sol, yet undissolved, ad ℥vij. more of the same Salt in pou∣der, and proceed in all re∣spects as in the former Opera∣tion, dissolving and vitrioli∣zing; so will you have of ℥j. of fine Gold 24. Ounces of its Vitriol, which will dissolve in Wine or Spirit of Wine, and become an Aurum. Potabile of almost infinite Vertues.

§ 35. Being thus exalted with S. V. rectified, it is a Remedy fit to give relief in all great, dangerous and acute Diseases, which may seize upon the Heart or Brain or any of the Vital parts or Juices; for it preserves the Na••••ral heat and Radical moisture, restores it when decayed or diminished, chear∣ing the Heart and recreating the Vi••al and Animal Spirits, adding vigor, and acuity, stirring up the Latent or al∣most obliterated ferment of Life, and preserving the Tone of all the Parts.

§ 38. It never causes or inclines to vomit, but on the contrary▪ in••••••tely streng∣thens the Stomach, and power••••••ly provokes sweat∣ing, cures the most desperate or malignant Diseases, puri∣fying the Blood, and amend∣ing the Humors disposed to corruption, causing the Im∣purities to transpire, thro even the very solid parts of the Body. It is a Secret also a∣gainst the Plague or Pestilence, Spotted Feaver, or any other contagious Disease.

CIV. Terra Vitrioli dulcis, sweet Earth of Vitriol.

Bate.] It is made of the O•• put Mortuum of the Oil of Vitriol, calcined to Redness, and edulcorated by many wash∣ings, till the red Earth be freed from all its saltness. It is of great force against Dy∣senteries, Haemorrhagies, &c. Dose, ℈ss. ad ʒss. &c.

Salmon.] § 1. Here is to be noted, that the Water or Washings of the Caput Mort. contain the Salt of Vitriol, which you may obtain pure by filtration and evaporation or crystallization, and is a good vomiting Gilla, given, à ℈ss. ad ℈ij. in Wine or Fen∣nel-water, and vomits easi∣ly, and sometimes purges and sweats, as Hartman and Schroder say.

§ 2. But some Authors, as Schroder seem to make this Terra Vitrioli; by a bare dis∣solution of crude Vitriol in Water, letting the Oaker or Earth to settle, which other

Authors cause to be washed several times and then dry∣ed.

§ 3. Le Febure calls it the Metallick Earth, or Oaker of Vitriol, and makes it thus. ℞ Vitriol q. v. dissolve it in distilled Rain-water q. s. this dissolution put into a great Matrass, and put it in a gentle heat for four or six days; so will all the Earth or Oaker of the Vitriol fall to the bottom: se∣parate the Water by inclina∣tion (of which you may make a purified Vitriol) and wash the Earth and dry it for use.

§ 4. Angelus Sala says, it has a constringing and dry∣ing power with it, for which reason it is used in drying and cicatrizing Emplasters and Ointments, and other like Applications used for the diversion of Humors.

§ 5. Minsicht. pag. 97. makes it of green Vitriol cal∣cin'd to redness (which is Col∣cotha••) then poudred, and e∣dulcorated by many Ablutions in distilled Rain-water, till the Earth be freed from all its Acrimony and saltness, which he then drys, and keeps for use.

§ 6. Marggrave also makes it of the Caput Mortuum, left in the distillation of the Spirit and Oil of Vitriol, by boiling it in pure Water, and then let∣ting it remain to settle: then he decants the clear Water (which he filters and reserves for making Salt of Vitriol of, which being given add ℥j. works both upwards and down∣wards:) and the remaining Earth, he washes again seve∣ral times, till the Water comes off insipid, then drys it and keeps it for use.

§ 7. It is, says he, a most egregious astringent and dry∣er, and admirably stops Hae∣morrhages or Bleedings in any part, whether inward or outward: for outward uses it may be mixed with Turpentine (of any kind) and the white of an Egg, and so applied. Chymists also use it in sublimation to make the Sulphur of Venus, for that it contains in it self Copper, if the Vitriol was made from that Metal.

§ 8 Others dissolve this Earth in Spirit of common Salt, and so have a golden co∣lour'd Tincture; of great Vertues; but the Humidity being abstracted to dryness, there is left a white Salt or Pouder, which being melted turns into Copper: By which it is manifest that the Earth of Vitriol, whe∣ther from the Crude, or

from the Colcothar, is of a Metallick Nature.

CV. Hepar Sulphuris, Liver of Sulphur.

Bate.] It is made of the Flowers of Sulphur being melted. ℥iv. adding to it the most pure Salt of Tartar ℥iss. and mixing them well with a Spatula; being removed from the Fire and cooled, the Mass is kept for use. It serves for making the Tincture and Sy∣rup of Sulphur.

Salmon.] § 1. How the Tincture of Sulphur is made with it, you may see Cap. VII. Sect. 59. aforegoing: how the Syrup is to be made from it, see Cap. XVI. S. 38. following.

§ 2. Le Febure makes this Hepar Sulphuris thus. ℞ Of the best Sulphur in fine Pou∣der ℥iv. Salt of Tartar very dry, as much: mix them to∣gether, and put it into a gla∣zed Earthen Dish, over a gentle Fire; and stir it con∣tinually with a wooden Slice, till all be reduced to a Mass, which is called the Liver of Sulphur.

§ 3. And from this Hepar, or Liver, he makes a Vulne∣tary Balsam of Sulphur, thus. ℞ The former Hepar in fine Pouder, put it into a Matrass; and add to it Aloes succotrina ℥j. fine Myrrh ℥ss. English Saf∣fron ʒij, all in fine Pouder: put upon it yellow Oil of Tur∣pentine p. j. red Oil of Tur∣pentine (which some call its Balsam) p. ij. so much of this mixed Menstrum, as to over∣top the Ingredients four Inches: digest in an Ash-heat, increa∣sing the Fire by degrees, till the Matter begins to simper (but have a care it takes not Fire or runs over, lest it sets the House on fire) and the In∣gredients are dissolved and their Tinctures extracted: then remove it from the Fire strain the Balsam through a Cotton or Flannel-bag, and keep it for use.

§ 4. This Balsam he war∣rants as a Remedy that shall never fail those who know how skillfully to use it. in the Cure of Wounds, Ul∣cers, and Contusions: for it is one of the most excellent Balsams (says he) which Art 〈…〉〈…〉 forward out app∣lications, whereof the skilful Physician and Chyrurgion who value their Reputations, and their Art must make use: and of this Balsam you ought to make the Emplastrum Dia∣sulphuris if you would have it obtain the Vertues and Effects which are attributed thereto.

§ 5. And from this Hepar Zwelfer Mantiss. Spagyr. Cap. 10. Pag. 857. makes a Pecto∣ral Balsam with Chymical Oils of Juniper, Aniseeds, or Citrons, &c. after the former manner: This he dedicates to Diseases of the Brest and Lungs, as Shortness of Breath, difficulty of Breathing, spit∣ting of purulent Matter, and the Phthisick: outwardly also it cleanses external Ulcers, conserves them from Putre∣faction, and immediately conglutinates and heals them. And this is that very Balsam (says he) Circumfora∣nei & Agyrtae, Mountebanks and Quacksalvers have ascri∣bed no less than six hundred several Vertues and Effects to.

CVI. Lac Aluminis, Milk of Alum.

Bate.] It is made of the Water of Whites of Eggs ℥iv. Alum in fine Pouder ℥j. Spi∣rit of Wine lbij. mixt altoge∣ther in a Glass Vessel, and strongly shaked together, till it becomes like Milk. It is a Secret against the Gonor∣rhoea, Flux of the Whites, over-flowing of the Cour∣ses, &c. Dose, two or three Spoonfuls thrice a day: Be∣ing taken ad ℥ij. an hour before the Fit of a Tertian, it often cures it.

Salmon] § 1. It is a pret∣ty neat Medicine, and easily made, and has admirable ef∣fects in the Cases mentioned by our Author, seldom or never failing; but the Body ought before hand to be cleansed of its Feculencies, by the exhibition of Uni∣versals, lest in striving to mend one hole you make two.

§ 2. Le Febure has a kind of Liquid Magistery of Alum, which answers this Milk of our Author very well, but is much more troublesome to make, and is done thus. ℞ Purified and Crystalliz'd Alum put it into a Glass Cu∣curbit, and moisten it with distilled Rain-water (putting it in a cold place) till it be all resolved into Liquor, which filterate and distil in Ashes to dryness: dissolve again the re∣maining Alum with distilled Rain-water, into a Liquor, and distil again to dryness; and continue this Operation, till the whole Body of the A∣lum is converted into a Li∣quor, and comes over the helm.

§ 3. This says he, is one of the noblest and surest Stypticks and Astringents

which is to be found in the whole Art of Physick; not inferior to Preparations of Mars or Vitriol, or Bole, or any other thing, whether for inward or outward applica∣tion.

§ 4. The Dose is à gut. iv. ad xij. (yea ad xx.) in im∣moderate Fluxes, Gonor∣rhoea's, or heat of Urine, the venerous Taint being remo∣ved by the Exhibition of U∣niversals, as I before hint∣ed.

§ 5. But that it may be made into a Milk, in con∣formity to the Prescript of our Author, you may add an equal quantity of rectified S. V. or more as you see occasion by which addition, it will be double in Vertue and Ef∣ficacy of operating.

§ 6. It may also be mixt with Epulotical-waters, by which means it, will speedily and successfully heal Ulcers and running Sores, and ad∣vance their Cicatrization and Re-union of the Solution of Continuity.

CVII. Lac Benzoini, Milk of Benjamin.

Bate.] ℞ Spirit of Ben∣jamin ℥j. Hyssop or Scabious-water ℥xij. mix them S. A. It is Antiasthmatick and Pe∣ctoral.

Salmon.] § 1. Thibaut makes it thus. ℞ Benja∣min and Storax, A. ℥ij. be∣ing an fine Pouder put them in∣to a Matrass; affuse thereon so much S. V. as to over∣top them four or five Inches: digest in a cool place two or three days so will you have a Ruby-like Tincture, which keep in a Glass Vial for use.

§ 2. To one Spoonful of this Tincture, put a Pint of fair Water, (or rather Damask Rose-water) and you will have a Snow-white Milk, the Tin∣cture mixing with the Water without precipitation.

§ 3. Here is to be noted, That the Gums (having but little Earthy substance) al∣most totally and easily dis∣solve in the S. V. without heat: and that the Spirit (when the Tincture is mix∣ed with Water) by being weakned, lets go its hold of the Gums, by which reason,

they mix with and whiten the Water.

§ 4. The use of this Vir∣ginal Milk is to clear and whiten the Skin, and is ex∣cellent against all manner of Pimples, Pustuls, Redness, Inflamations, Erysipelas's, and other Deformities of the Skin, by washing there∣with, as directed.

§ 5. Lemery makes the Tincture with Pouders of Benjamin and Storax as the former; but he differs in the proportion, adding but a sixth part of Storax (which he says is added to the Tin∣cture to increase the delica∣cy of its smell:) ℞ Benja∣min ℥vj. Storax ℥j. being in Pouder put them into a Ma∣trass, upon which affuse S. V. lbj. stop the Vessel close, and digest in Horse-dung for 14 days, then decant the Tincture, filter it, and keep it for use: You may add to it gut. x. or xij. of Balsam of Peru, to give it a better Sent.

§ 6. Being put into Water as aforesaid, it becomes white like Milk, which takes away Spots in the Face, and whitens the Skin admirably: you may put a Spoonful of it into thirty two Spoon∣fuls of Water and so use it.

§ 7. Le Febure makes it thus. ℞ Of the best Benja∣min in fine Pouder ℥ij. af∣fuse thereon Alcohol of Wine rectified upon Salt of Tartar, (because if the least Flegm be mixt with it, it hurts the preparation) ℥vj. digest in B. M. to the dissolution of the Rosin; which contains a very pure and sulphurous Volatile Salt.

§ 8. To make a right use of this Tincture, apply it at Bed-time upon all places where you find need, as up∣on all Pimples, Pustules, break∣ing out, Inflamations, &c. and the next day wash it off with Barley-water, made into Milk with some drops of this Tincture.

§ 9. But to prevent such defects of the Skin (where they are absent) you need only convert this Spirit or Tincture into a Milk by adding twenty or thirty times the quantity of Da∣mask Rose-water to it, and then to wash therewith Morning and Evening, as with other washes.

§ 10. Le Mort makes it thus. ℞ Essence of Benja∣min ʒj. Water of white Lil∣lies, or any Odorif••rous Wa∣ter, as of Damask Roses, or Orange Flowers ℥ij mix them,

and keep it for use. It cures, says he, Scurff, Morphew, Freckles, Lentils, and other external Diseases of the Skin; more especially if to every Ounce of the Essence (which is made of the Flowers of Benjamin) ʒj. of Camphire be added.

§ 11. It is good against Inflamations of the Eyes, take away an Erysipelas, and other breakings out of the Skin, a Linnen Cloth dipt in the same, being for some time applied.

CVIII. Lac Mercurij, Milk of Mercury.

Bate.] It is made of Cor∣rosive Mercury sublimate ʒvj. bruised small and stirred in a Tin Bason, or Dish with Fu∣mitory-water ℥xij. till it be∣comes like Milk. S. A. See the Vertues in the Aqua Mer∣curialis.

Salmon.] § 1. Dr. Willis seems to be the Author of this Medicine, whose preparati∣on you may see more at large in our Doron Medicum, Lib. 3. Cap. 1. Sect. 3. to which you are referred.

§ 2. It is a famous thing against all c••taneous Defeda∣tions, and exceeds most o∣ther Mercurial washes in use; it perfectly cures the most rebellious Herps, Tettars or Ring-worms, tho' of never so long standing, and parti∣cularly is said to kill Worms in the Face.

§ 3. But in my Opinion these kinds of Mercurial Washes, are not to be used too familiarly, or for a long continuance, lest the Par∣ticles of the Mercury, insi∣nuating themselves into the Pores, should prejudice the Nervous Juyce and Bones, and so create Pains, Aches, Rottenness, or a Virulency never to be taken away.

CIX. Lac Scammonij, Milk of Scammony.

Bate.] ℞ Scammony in fine Pouder ʒvj. put it into a cold Mortar; and affuse there∣on by little and little Aqua Cinnamomi hordeata ℥viij. stirring them together well as you put in the Liquor: the Li∣quor will grow milky, which separate (from the Pitch like substance of the Scammony) and keep it for use. It is also called Liquor Acuens. Dose, one Spoonful: it purges sweetly and pleasant∣ly.

Salmon.] § 1. You must chuse the most resinous Scam∣mony; which is clear and pure from any Foreign mix∣ture which is to be reduced into a subtil Pouder, by grind∣ing in a Mortar.

§ 2. Any other proper Water may do, as well as that named in the Prescript, as Aqua Lactis alexiteria, with the addition of a little Spirit of Angelica, Cinnamon, Saffron, or the like; because that as Scammony contains many resinous Particles, there might be a proportional quantity of Spirit to open the Body thereof; and it is indeed so much the better done if the Menstruum be a little Spirituous withall; tho' 'tis true, Scammony will yield a great quantity of its Juice in simple Water alone.

§ 3. It is an excellent brisk, nimble Purge, espe∣cially for such as cannot swal∣low Pills: it works safely, easily, and in a short time after it is taken; but the Pa∣tient ought to take Broth or Posset-drink after it, as with other Purges, and beware of taking cold.

§ 4. It may be given from one Spoonful to two, ac∣cording to Age and Strength, and difficulty of the Body to be wrought upon: It expels Watery and Tartarous Hu∣mors, from the Blood, and whole habit of the Body, and therefore is of singular use against the Scurvy, Drop∣sie, Jaundice, Gout, Kings-Evil, and all Obstructions whatsoever in any part of the Body.

CX. Lapis Medicamentosus, The Medicinal Stone.

Bate.] ℞ White Vitriol ℥iv. Sal-Armoniack ℥ss, Alum, Ceruse, Bole Armoniack, A. ℥j. mix and make a Pouder, which boil with Vinegar, q. s. to the Consistency of a hard Stone, S. A. The Vertues of this Stone are manifold: it drys up Ulcers and Defluxions; heals Wounds and inveterate Sores; cures an Erysipelas, the Scab, or Leprofie, Tet∣tar, &c. The manner of u∣sing it is thus. Dissolve of this Stone ℥j. in Rain-water lbj. then filter: with which wash the part affected, and apply over it a Cloth wet in the same.

Salmon.] § 1. Lemery makes it thus. ℞ Colcothar, or Ca∣put Mort. of Vitriol ℥ij. Li∣tharge, Alum, fine Bole, A. ℥iv. all being in fine Pouder, mix them, and put them into a glazed Pot, upon which affuse

good Vinegar, so much as to over-top the Ingredients two Inches: cover the Vessel and leave it in digestion two days, then add it to Nitre ℥viij. Sal-Armoniack ℥ij. and over a gentle heat evaporate all the Humidity, and calcine the Mass that remains about half an hour, in a strong Fire, and keep it for use.

§ 2. Where Note, The Vinegar is added for the in∣corporating the Materials to∣gether, and create a fer∣ment, after which the Nitre and Sal-Armoniack easily mix with the other things: and the Calcination at the end is done, to carry off some parts of the Acid, and increase the Astringency, to fix the Stone, and make it the better to keep.

§ 3. It is certainly one of the best Remedies in the World to cure a Gonorrhoea by Injection, Universals be∣ing before hand premised ℞ ʒj. of it, and dissolve it in Smith's-water, Rose-water, or Plantane-water ℥viij. mix, and then make an Injection into ••he Yard, with a pro∣per. Yard Syring, three or four times a day; the Pa∣tient being sure to make wa∣ter just before the use of it, if he has occasion, and not after it, in some considerable time.

§ 4. It is also a singular thing to clear the Eyes at any time, especially in the Small-Pox, gr. viij. of it being dis∣solved in Rose-water ℥iv. and the Eyes washed therewith: and being applied outwardly in a Wound, it stops bleed∣ing, and nearly answers all the Effects of the Styptick-water.

§ 5. The Original of these Artifical Stones seems to be ta∣ken from Crollius, whose Com∣position differs from both the former, and is as follows ℞ Green Vitriol lbj. White Vitriol lbss. Alum lbiss. Sal-A∣natron, common Salt, A. ℥iij. Salts of Tartar, Wormwood, Mugwort, Succory, Arsmart, Plantane, A. ℥ss. put them into a glazed Pot, on which affuse a little Vinegar of Roses, over a gentle Fire, often stir∣ring them; when the Mix∣ture begins to grows thick, add Venetian Ceruse lbss. fine Bole ℥iv. mix all well by stirring, till by the force of fire they are brought to the hardness of a Stone, which by breaking the Vessel take out.

§ 6. To this he assigns wonderful Vertues, as cu∣ring all Ulcers in the exter∣nal Parts of the Body, stop∣ping Defluxions of Rheum, drying up of Ulcers, heal∣ing of Wounds, stopping

Fluxes in the Eyes, and ta∣king away their pain and redness, helping Ophthalmies, as also Erysipelas, Scabs, Tet∣tars, Cancers in the Breasts of Women, Cancers in the Mouth, Ulcers of the Gums, Noli me Tangere, Ulcers of the Throat, Fistula's, and the Scurvy, eases old Aches or Pains, Sores and Fistula's of the Fundament, &c. ap∣plied as directed.

CXI. Lapis Salutis, The Stone of Health, or Heal∣ing-stone.

Bate.] ℞ Sal-Arm. ℥j. Alum. fine Bole, A. ℥ij. green Vitriol ℥vj. Nitre ℥iij. Ceruse ℥ij. mix and make a Pouder; Vinegar q. s. mix all together, and boil them with a gentle Fire, till they become a hard Stone; it has the same Vertues with the former.

Salmon.] § 1. This is o∣riginally taken from Hartman upon Crollius, who prepares it in the following propor∣tions. ℞ Vitriol lbij. Nitre lbss Alum, Ceruse, fine Bole, A. ℥iv. Sal-Armoniack ℥ij. all being in fine Pouder, mix them: first grind the Ceruse and Bole on a Marble, and pour on the Vinegar so much as to over-top them two Inches, in a convenient large Pot: boil them gently; and con∣tinue the boiling till all be∣comes of the hardness of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Stone.

§ 2. Or thus according to Greiff from the same Hart∣man. ℞ Ceruse ℥vj: Alum ℥iv. fine Bole ℥iij. Hungarian Vitriol ℥ij. White Vitriol, Tar∣tar, Borax, Sal-Arm. Ma∣stick, Frankincense, A. ℥j. all being in fine Pouder, mix them, and put them into a large glazed Earthen Vessel, adding strong Vinegar q. s. boil all over a gentle Fire to the Consistency of a Stone.

§ 3. The Vertues and Uses of this Stone (take you which Composition you please) are the same with the former: it is called Lapis Salutis, or the Healing-stone, because it is profitably used in Chyrurgery, as a Medi∣cine for external Application.

§ 4. You may take ℥j. of it, and dissolve it in Rain or Rose-water; then de∣canting it from the Feces, and filtering of it, the clear Water is to be applied with Cloths, or as need re∣quires to the places affected.

CXII. Liquamen Silicum, Oil or Liquor of Flints.

Bate.] ℞ Calcin'd Flints p. iij. Salt of Tartar calcin'd with Nitre ℥iv. mix them exactly; and put them by degrees into a red hot Crucible, urging the Fire S. A. afterwards ex∣pose the Mass to the Air, that it ••••y melt per deliquium, S. A. It cuts Tartarous Mu∣cilage, resolves the Stone, and powerfully opens Ob∣structions. Dose, gut. 20. ad 30. in some fit Liquor.

Salmon.] § 1. Schroder says it may be given to a ℈j. but he has a Cream or Oil of Flints described in the second part of Glauber's For∣naces Pag. Mea. 44. If you keep it long in a Cellar it lets fall a Settling to the bottom, and sends an Oil to the top; which must be so long eva∣cuating from the Jelly, as any Liquor will ascend: and then be sweerned: this Oil or Cream, Clossaus says may easily be dissolved in any Liquor.

§ 2. In the place cited Glauber takes four times as much Salt of Tartar, as of calcin'd Flints, which ex∣treamly differs from this of our Author, the exact Pre∣script you have in our Poly∣graphices, Lib. 3. Cap. 29. Sect. 57. conformable to Glauber's Mind.

§ 3. In the making of it, he shews how to get a power∣ful Spirit out of the Salt of Tartar, of wonderful Ver∣tues and Effects, of which it is not our business here to speak, that being designed for the Officina Chymica, next to come forth after this work.

§ 4. But the remainder after that Spirit is extracted, is the thing of which our Experiment is to be made; What looks (says he) trans∣parent like Glass is nothing else but the most fixed part of the Salt of Tartar and Flints, which joyning them∣selves in the Heat, turn thus to a soluble Glass, in which lies a great Heat and Fire.

§ 5. As long as it is kept from the Air it cannot be perceived in it; but if you pour Water upon it, then its secret heat will discover it self.

§ 6. If you reduce it to a fine Pouder, in a hot Mor∣tar, and lay it in a moist Air, it will dissolve into a thick and fat Oil, leaving some Feces behind.

§ 7. This fat Liquor or Oil of Flints, Sand, or Cry∣stal, may not only be used inwardly, and outwardly of it self, but also serves to pre∣pare Metals and Minerals in∣to good. Medicines, or to change them into better by the Chymical Art.

§ 8. Many great Secrets are hid in this contemptible Flint, which the unlearned will hardly believe. The great Paracelsus maintains that a despicable Flint. cast at a Cow, is many times more worth than the Cow it self; not only because that Gold may be melted out of it, but because the other in∣ferior Metals may be so pu∣rified thereby, as to become like the best Gold and Silver in all tryals.

§ 9. This Liquor of Flints is of that Vertue in respect of Metals, that it makes them exceeding fair, (not by the common way of Cook-maids scowring them,) but by being dissolved there∣in by the Chymical Art, and then either after the wet or dry way, to be digested in it for a due time, which Para∣celsus terms the going into the Mother's Womb, and being ••••rn again: and if this be rightly done, then the Mother will bring forth a pure Child.

§ 10. All Metals are ge∣nerated in Sand or Stone, and therefore they may be well called the Mother of Metals, and the purer the Mother is, the purer and sounder will the Child be: and among all Stones, none are sound purer than the Peble, Flints, Cry∣stal or Sand, which are all of one Nature, and therefore the Flint, Peble or Sand is found to be the fittest Bath to wash the Metal with all.

§ 11. But this Bath, is not the Philosophers secret Menstruum, for that is more friendly to Gold, by reason of its affinity with it; but this more, easily dissolves other Metals than Gold; therefore neither can it be Bernhard's Fountain, but must only be taken to be a particular cleanser of Metals.

§ 12. As to the kind of Flints or Pebles which you ought to take for this work they should not be white, but a fair yellow, green, or blew, which possibly may contain Gold either fixed or vola∣tile.

§ 13. Then having from them made the said Soluble, Glass, and reduced it to fine. Pouder, you may there from make a Tincture thus. Put▪ this Pouder into a Belt-head.

and affuse thereon rectified S. V. (it needs to be perfectly deflegmated, or pure and fine) digest in a gentle heat till it becomes red, often shaking the Glass, that the Spirit may the better work upon it; then de∣cant it and affuse fresh Spi∣rit, which work repeat so long till the S. V. will be no more tinged. Put all these Tinctures together, and in B. M. ab∣stract the S. V. so will the Tincture of Flints remain in the bottom like a red Juice▪ which take and keep for use.

§ 14. This Tincture if it be made out of Gold-Flints, Pebles or Sand, is none of the least Medicines; for it powerfully resists all soluble Tartarous Coagulations, in the Hands, Knees. Feet, Reins, or Bladder: and tho' for want of such as hold or contain Gold, it be extract∣ed out of the common white Peble or Flint, yet will it act its part however, tho' not full out so well as the for∣mer.

§ 15. This Tincture will yet be more powerful, if first Gold has been dissolved in the Liquamen of Pebles, before the Extraction: Nor let any think, that this Tincture comes from the Salt of Tar∣tar, because that will also tinge S. V. for there is a great difference between this Tincture, and that of the Salt of Tartar.

§ 16. For the Tinct. Salis Tartari is no true Tincture, but only the purest part of the Salt dissolved in the Spi∣rit, as you may prove by ab∣straction, wherein you will have, First, a clear Spirit of Wine: Secondly, an unsavory Flegm: Lastly, a white com∣mon Salt of Tartar remain∣ing behind.

§ 17. Whereas this Tin∣cture of Flints or Pebles is clear of another nature; for if you abstract the S. V. from it, which comes over colour∣less, yet there remains a deep tinctured Salt, whose colour is lasting in the strongest Fire, and therefore may be ac∣counted for a genuine or true Tincture.

§ 18. The Liquamen Sili∣cum does precipitate all Me∣tals which are dissolved by Corrosives, but not as Salt of Tartar does; for the Preci∣cipitate will be much hea∣vier hereby, than if it had been done with Ol. Tartari, because the Particles of the Flint do mix themselves therewith.

§ 19. Ex. gr. ℞ Fine Sol q. v. dissolve in A. R. q. s. then precipitate with the Li∣quor

Silicum, till all the Gold falls down in a yellow Pouder, and the Solution becomes white and clear: decant the Liquor and edulcorate the Precipitate by many ablutions with fair Water and dry it (as Aurum Fulminans, but you need not fear its fulminating in the drying, as it uses to do, when precipitated with Salt of Tar∣tar, or Spirit of Urine) so will you have a yellow Calx, as heavy again as the Gold, before Solution, the cause of which is the Particles of the Flint or Peble precipitating therewith.

§ 20. This edulcorated yel∣low Calx put into a Crucible on a fire of live Coals, till it begins to be red-hot, but not long, so will it become a most fair Purple, very pleasant to behold: if it stands longer, the Purple colour will vanish, and it will be of a brown Brick colour, for which reason you must not let it remain too long.

§ 21. This purple Gold pou∣der may be given à ℈j. ad ʒss. in any fit Vehicle, in all Di∣seases where sweating is need∣ful, for it provokes Sweat, comforts the Heart, and is said to expel Stone and Gra∣vel from both Reins and Bladder: and to cure even the Plague it self.

§ 22. From this purple Calx of Gold, you may ex∣tract a Tincture with this our Liquamen Silicum, thus. ℞ Purple, Calx of Sol, p. j. Liquaminis Silicum, p. iij. mix them in a good large Crucible (lest in run over) and evaporate over a gentle heat to dryness, and increase the fire till the Crucible is red-hot (keeping it covered, that no Coals, Dust, or Ashes may fall into it) then still increase the fire in a Wind Fornace, till the Mat∣ter melts and flows like Wa∣ter, keeping it so long melted till it be like a transparent fair Ruby, which will be in an hours time, or thereabouts. Then being cold reduce it into Pouder, and with S. V. ex∣tract a Blood-like Tincture, which will be much more pow∣erful than the former Tin∣cture.

§ 23. The remaining Calx, you may melt with Lead and re∣duce into white Gold, which being melted with Antimony will recover its yellow colour again.

§ 24. And as this Liquor of Flints is the Medium of opening the Body of Gold. in order to the extracting of its Tincture, so also will it do in all the other Metals and Minerals, for which rea∣son it is needless to describe them by themselves, all the

Processes of them, being de∣monstrated in this One of Gold.

§25. By the help of this Liquor of Flints, you may also make the Golden, Silver, and Steel Trees of the Phi∣losophers as is taught in our Polygraphice, Lib. 3. Cap. 29. Sect. 54, 55, 56. as also other profitable things in Alchymie, fair Pigments for Paintings, out of Metals which will a∣bide in all Elements; and to frame all sorts of transpa∣rent hard Stones out of Cry∣stal, which in Beauty may be as fair or fairer than the Natural, Enamels, and such like.

§26. Lemery instead of a five-fold proportion of Salt of Tartar, uses a six-fold of Tartar to one of calcin'd Flints: ℞ Calcin'd Flints in fine pouder ℥iv. Salt of Tar∣ter ℥xxiv. mix and put them into a large Crucible in a wind Fornace, making a fire by lit∣tle and little, and then gently increafing it to the last degree, in which keep it for five hours, the Matter being in Fusion, till it grows Diaphanous like Glass, which you may know by putting a Spatula into it: cast it forth into an Iron Mortar, and it will presently congeal into a hard Mass, which Pouder while hot: take one half it, and set it in a Cellar in a Glass Pan' and it will dissolve into a clear Liquor, which filter, and keep for use.

§ 27. This Liquor is said to be diuretick given à gut. vj. ad xxvj. in some fit Vehicle: and being mixed in equal parts, with some Acid cor∣rosive Spirit, they will pre∣sently become a Stone: and from this Phaenomenon the Generation of Stones in Ani∣mal Bodies may be explica∣ted, seeing Acids and Alca∣lies do often meet within us; and for this reason some Au∣thors give a Caution against the use of this Remedy in∣wardly, as also the Tincture therefrom; tho' they con∣ceed, that they may some∣times dissolve some Sulphu∣rous Obstructions, and so thereby provoke Urine.

§ 28. This Liquamen Sili∣cum has obtained mightily among some Men, insomuch that they give it no less than the name of Alcahest: but it is indeed use to extract the Sulphurs of many Metals and Minerals.

§ 29. Upon the mixing of it with an Acid, an Ebuliti∣on is made, and a stronger Coagulation, than upon the mixing the Oil of Tartar with an Acid; the reason of which is because this Alcali

contains more Earth than the Salt of Tartar does, whence the cause of the Lapidiscent property-appears plainly e∣nough.

§ 30. Upon the other half of the Pouder, put into a hot dry Matrass, affuse the best rectified S. V. so much as to overtop it four Inches, stop the Matrass with ano∣ther, whose Neck may be received into that which con∣tains the Matter, lute the Juncture with a wet Bladder, and digest in a gentle Sand heat for two or three days, so as the S. V. may simper, so will you have a very red Tincture, which decant, put∣ting in fresh S. V. to the re∣mainder, repeating, &c. these Tinctures mix, and in B. Vap. abstract two thirds of the Spirit, and keep the re∣maining Tincture for use.

§ 31. This Tincture is e∣steemed an excellent Medi∣cine to cure the Scurvy, open Obstructions, and root out Hypochondriack Diseases, be∣ing given à gut. 10. ad. 30. in some fit Vehicle.

§ 32. Lastly, From the melting of the Calx per De∣liquium, it appears. that the Calx of the Flint is so inti∣marely incorporated with, and into the Salt of Tartar by Calcination, that it may truly enough be said to be convert∣ed into a Salt.

CXIII. Liquamen Sulphuris, Liquor of Sulphur.

Bate.] ℞ Flowers of Sulphur, white Sugar-Candy, A. ℥j. mix and make a Pouder: then take four Eggs boiled hard, stit them in the middle, and take forth the Yolks, in place of which put this Mixture, which join close together by tying them; then hang them over Coals, and the Liquor will sweat forth, which keep for use. It is a famous Pectoral, prevailing against Asthma's, Coughs, Phthisicks, Pleurisies, &c. Dose, gut. 20, 30. &c.

Salmon.] § 1. This sup∣plies the Use of the Balsam and Tincture of Sulphur, and is to be esteemed by reason of its Efficacy and Vertue: for as Sulphur is of it self in∣corruptible, and preserves dead Bodies, from Pu∣trefaction; so also it hinders the Corruption and Decay of living Bodies, and re∣stores the Defects of the Ra∣dical Balsam of Life, when once it is altered.

§2. Wherefore we com∣mend to all, the Preparati∣ons of Sulphur, because it supplies with Medicaments,

less subject to fail in their O∣perations, than many other things.

§3. For this is certain, that whatever the most excellent Remedies have of Vertue, Power and Efficacy, they re∣ceive it from the Beams and Vigor of the internal Sulphur which they have in them∣selves, whether they be ex∣tracted from Vegetables, Mi∣nerals, or Animals.

§4. And for this reason it is, we recommend the Con∣servation of Volatile and Sul∣phurous Salts and Substances, for that the are the last co∣vering or cloathing of the Light and Spirit of the Mixt, from whence proceed all the chief Actions of natural Bo∣dies.

§ 5. The Sugar-Candy be∣ing an essential Salt, it has a power in it self, by help of the Moisture in the Whites of Eggs, to dissolve, extract or draw forth the Efficacy of the Sulphur; and tho' it is not the greatest Medicine that can be made of Sulphur, yet it is a very good one, and safe to be used; and much more pleasant than the vul∣gar Balsam of Sulphur made with Chymical Oils, for which reason it is to be com∣mended, and esteemed.

6. This Liquamen par∣ticipates of a Vitriolick Na∣ture, for it is chiefly the Sa∣line parts of it which dissolve, and are eliquiated by the dissolution of the Sugar; and this is evident, because there seems to be no difference be∣tween the Salt of the Caput Mortuum of Sulphur, being extracted out of it after Cal∣cination with Rain-water, and the Salt of Vitriol.

§ 7. Therefore says Le Febure, The Salt of Vitriol may always be lawfully substitu∣ted, and without any scruple, in the place of that of Sul∣phur, because they spring from the same Original, and have the same Vertue, which is to cleanse and strengthen the Brest, Stomach and Lungs, open their Obstructi∣ons, and eradicate from them all Seminaries of Worms and Corruption.

CXIV. Liquor Cephalalgicus, Liquor against the Head-Ach.

Bate.] ℞ Camphire ʒij. dissolve it in rectified S. V. ʒij. which with a sufficient quan∣tity of Oil or Spirit of Da∣mask Roses (Rhodostagmatis) being put into a Dish, is mix∣ed over a gentle fire, sprink∣ling in also Nutmegs in pou∣der

℈j. Zedoary ʒss. Applied to the Forehead, it gives ease in the Head-Ach.

Salmon.] § 1. What the Author means by his Rhodo∣stagma is uncertain, it being a word of a various, dubi∣ous, and uncertain Significa∣tion, and besides a Word not usually to be met with in Medical Authors, being a a Greek compound, signify∣ing a Liquor drawn from Roses; but whether it be Rose-water, Spirit or Oil of Roses who can tell?

§ 2. But considering the Intention, and with what it was to be mixt, viz. the Al∣cohol of Wine and Camphire; and by reason the Spirit was rectified and an Alcohol, it was not reasonable to sup∣pose, that Rose-water (which is only the Flegm of Roses) could be intended, for then an ordinary Spirit of Wine might have sufficed; nor in respect to the Camphire, be∣cause Aqueous Bodies are apt to cause that Gum or Rosin, to coagulate again.

§ 3. You may pour it gently upon the pained part, and then rub it with your Hand, it will sink in as fast almost as you lay it on; be∣sides which the Patient is to snuff some of it up the No∣strils: if it be well used, it will take away the pain in three or four Minutes time: you may use it cold, without heating, nor need it be used near any fire.

§ 4. If the Pain should return again presently, you must then immediately take the same course again, I can assure you upon my own Ex∣perience, that at two or three times using, sometimes at once, it takes away (in a few Minutes) the pain so perfect∣ly, as that it no more returns at that time, or from that present Cause.

§ 5. Inwardly taken to the quantity of half a Spoonful or more in a Glass of Sack, it not only prevails against Megrims, Head-Aches, Ver∣tigoes, Lethargies, Palsies, Convulsions, Apoplexies, and other cold and moist Diseases of the Head and Brain; but also is a most powerful and instant Remedy against the Colick, Gripings of the Bow∣els, Hysterick Passions and the like.

§ 6. Outwardly bathed on places pained with the Gout, and Pains and Aches from a cold Cause, it gives great comfort, and in a short time relief.

CXV. Liquor Limacum, Li∣quor of Snails.

Bate.] It is made of Red Snails cut in pieces and Salt, A. put into Hippocrates his Sleeve, and hung up in a Cel∣lar, that the Liquor may fall from them, which is kept for use. Being bathed upon the place or applied, it eases the Pains of the Gout. It cures Warts. It also prevails a∣gainst an Atrophia of the Limbs, they being bathed with it warm, and well co∣vered with toozed Wooll. A certain Woman by giving some Drops hereof in a Draught of Beer, was wont to cure the Chin-Cough, or Suffocative cough in Chil∣dren.

Salmon.] § 1. It is a sin∣gular Arthritick, Universals being before premised; o∣therwise Topicks unskilfully applied tho' they may give ease, as to the part, yet are apt to drive the Disease into the Stomach, which some∣times proves the Death of the Patient.

§ 2. It abates Inflamations (being cautiously used for fear of a Gangreen) and takes away Pains and Aches from a hot Cause.

§ 3. Whatever it may do for a Cough I have no Expe∣rience of; but this I know, that three or four Spoonfuls of it being given at a time in the Morning fasting, it will kill Worms and expel them out of the Body.

CXVI. Oleum Talchi per De∣liquium, Oil of Talck by melting or dissolving.

Bate.] ℞ Pouder of Talck Tartar calcin'd with Nitre, Ana. mix them S. S. S. and cement them in a Crucible close stopt or covered for six hours, so as the Crucible may be red-hot: Take the Matter forth and edulcorate. Ex∣tract with Spirit of Vinegar, filterate and coagulate: then edulcorate and put the Matter in a Cellar to melt. It is said to be a famous Cosme∣tick, and that it will take away Spots, Lentils, and Freckles from the Face and Skin.

Salmon.] § 1. Clossaeus cal∣cines the Talck with double its weight of Salt of Tar∣tar: and without doubt it will be best to set it to melt per Deliquium; separating that which melts not, and cal∣cining as before, melting, se∣parating and calcining again,

till the whole Body of the Talck will run per deliquium as at first: then putting all the Liquors together, abstract the Humidity to dryness, wash and edulcorate; then extract with Spirit of Vinegar, and proceed as in the Prescript.

§ 2. There are many o∣ther ways of calcining the Talck, (upon which work be∣ing well done, the stress of the Operation almost lies) which you may see in our Pharm. Lond. Lib. 3. Cap. 13. Sect. 102. to which I shall now refer you.

§ 3. But Hartman has an Oil of Talck made by Di∣stillation, which is thought to be more valuable for all the Purposes aforementioned, and other Vices of the Skin; thus ℞ Venetian Talck cleave it into slices, or rub it into fine pouder; then put it into a Phial, and affuse thereon Spirit of Vinegar made of Ca∣nary; stop it close and digest in Horse dung or an equivolent heat for a Month, adding e∣very day new distilled Vinegar to the former, till the Vinegar be Mucilaginious: then put it into a Coated Glass Retort, fixing a large Receiver, and luting the Juncture; distil with a naked Fire, first there comes forth the Vinegar, then a white Oil, which separate, and keep for use.

§ 4. Before you use this latter by distillation, or that prescribed by our Author, you ought to cleanse the Skin very well by washing it first with warm Water, and sweet scented Wash-balls▪ rubing the Face dry with a Cloth, and then washing it again with warm Water in which Wheat Bran has been boiled, so will the Skin be prepared.

§ 5. This being done, then first wash with the Vine∣gar, after which anoint with Hartman's Oil by distillation; if the Face be first washed from all Impurity, this one anointing may hold for a Month without fading. This Cosmetick if rightly prepa∣red, is worth above Five Pounds an Ounce.

CXVII. Oleum Viridis Aeris, Oil of Verdigrise.

Bate.] ℞ Verdigrise ℥ij. Nitre ℥iij. mix and put them into a little Earthen Dish or Pan, and fire it with a live Coal, till the Deflagration ceases: then dissolve it per deliquium in a Cellar. It is Caustick, cures Venereal Pu∣stules, and takes a way Warts.

Salmon.] § 1. Clossaeus was the Author of the Recipe, and he advises to take double the quantity of Nitre, that there is of the Verdigrise; so that according to his Rule, there ought to be ℥iv. of Nitre to the ℥ij. of Verdigrise.

§ 2. It ought to be gently laid on and with caution, lest it eat too deep, or do mis∣chief: but thus you may ap∣ply it safe enough: ℞ Basili∣con minus, of this Oil of Ver∣digrise, Ana. mix them; and anoint therewith.

§ 3. Or thus. ℞ Pure Golden coloured Palm Oil, Ointment of Cowslips, A. ℥j. of this Oil of Verdigrise ℥ij. mix them and anoint there∣with.

§ 4. But Pocky Warts you may anoint therewith simple of it self without Mixtures, for being with any other Matter, it will so weaken the Oil, that it will scarcely perform what you desire, to wit, the removing of the Warts.

CXVIII. Plumbum album, & Cerussa, White Lead, and Ceruse.

Bate.] Make Plates of Lead and hang them over Vinegar, so that the Vapors from the Vin••gar may environ or go round it: so will the Lead by little and little con∣vert into Ceruse.

Salmon.] § 1. Lead says Lemery is converted into Ce∣ruse or white Lead, by the help of Vinegar, whose Va∣pors it imbibes, by which means it is converted into a white Rust, which being ga∣thered is made into little Cakes: this is called white Lead; but if into one great Lump, it is called Ceruse; so that you may see there is no difference in the things, but in the Terms, and Form of making up.

§ 2. Charras reduces the Lead (after purification) into thin Plates, and then hangs them up over the Vapors of Vinegar put into a proper Vessel over a moderate Fire: so will a white Substance grow upon the Lead, which he separates and gathers to∣gether, and this is that says he, which they call Ceruse.

§ 3. It is of a drying Pro∣perty, and is used by Nurses to dry up galling and scald∣ings of Urine, in Infants, being reduced into Pouder, and strewed thereon with a Puff: It is also mixed with Unguents, and Plaisters where drying is required: it unites with Oils and fat

Substances in boiling, and gives them a solid Consisten∣cy, and there from, several Emplasters receive their Body and hardness.

§ 4. Saccharum Saturni, or Salt of Saturn is made out of several Preparations of Sa∣turn, as burnt Lead, Litharge Minium, or Red Lead; but it is most plentifully and easi∣ly made out of White Lead or Ceruse, because being more open, it is easier to dissolve than the other Preparations of Lead, by reason of the Vinegar, with which it is already impregnated, so that almost the whole Body of the Ceruse will convert into Salt; whereas in the other Prepa∣rations it is done with much more difficulty.

§ 5. Here is also to be no∣red, that this White Lead or Ceruse may be prepared by the Vapors of any other A∣cid, as A. F. Spirit of Ni••re, &c. as well as by those of Vine∣gar, forasmuch, as all Acids whatsoever corrode and rust it.

CXIX. Pilulae Vomitoriae, Vo∣miting Pills.

Bate.] ℞ Gilla Theo∣phrasti in fine Pouder ℥j. fresh Butter new made ʒj. or q. s. beat them well together into a Mass for Pills. Dose, iv. or v. Scruples.

Salmon.] § 1. I dislike the Name more than I do the Medicine, for it is rather a kind of Pap, than Pill, and might with more reason have been called Pulticula Vomitoria, or Bolus Emeticus which it much more resem∣bles than a Pill, for which reason I transferr'd it out of the Classis of Pills to this place.

§ 2. It cleanses the Sto∣mach admirably, evacuating by Vomit tough Phlegmatick Humors, which have long offended it; and it is of sin∣gular use being given in a Surfeit, especially being exhi∣ted upon the beginning of the Disease.

§ 3. You may give it à ʒj. ad ʒij. but you must regu∣late the Dose according to the Age, Strength, and Con∣dition of the Sick, making also a provision of Posset∣drink before hand to take with it.

§ 4. What this Gilla Theo∣phrasti is, and how to make it. See Sect. LXV. of this Chapter aforegoing.

CXX. Sapo Tartareus, Tar∣tarean Soap, or Soap of Salt of Tartar.

Bate.] ℞ Salt of Tartar (made of Tartar and Nitre in equal parts, S. A.) ℥iv. Oil of Turpentine ℥viij. Let them stand together (in a large Ves∣sel) in a cold and moist place for some Months; that is to say, so long till the Salt has indeed drank or suckt up a triple quantity of the Oil (daily and often in the interim stirring it well with a ••estel, and adding more Oil as oft as there is need) till the whole comes into one Mass like to Soap, and attains a homogene thickness unseparable. It is designed for the Preparation of Pilulae Pacificae, and Mat∣thew's Pills.

Salmon.] § 1. Those are the chief Intentions for which it it prepared: but it may be given inwardly to ℈j. or ʒss. dissolved in any proper Li∣quor against the Stone, Gra∣vel, Heat and Sharpness of Urine, or for any Obstructi∣on of the Reins, Ureters and Bladder from a Tartarous Matter.

§ 2. It is also a famous thing being applied outward∣ly against the Gout, or any other Ach or Pain, for it gives ease to a Miracle more especially if to ℥j. of Soap, ʒij, of Camphire be added.

§ 3. Lastly, Although the Prescript only orders it to be made with Oil of Turpen∣tine, yet it may as well be made with Oil of Juniper∣berries, and many other Chy∣mical Oils, and so become more homogene, pleasant, and effectual to the Pur∣poses you intend it: but this ought to be done ac∣cording to the Intention and Design of the Physician.

AN APPENDIX Added by the TRANSLATOR.

CXXI. GƲttae Goddardianae, seu Arcanum God∣dardianum, Goddard's Drops.

Salmon.] § 1. ℞ Humane Bones, put them into a Re∣tort, and join thereto a large Receiver, which lute well; and distil first with a gentle Fire, then with a stronger increasing the fire Gradatim; so will you have in the Recipient a Flegm, Spirit, Oil, and Volatile Salt: shake the Receiver to loosen the Volatile Salt from the sides, then close your Receiver, and set it in the Earth to digest for three Months; after that digest it in a gentle Heat for fourteen days, then separate the Oil which keep for use.

§ 2. The Author of this Recipe, was not that Goddard, many of whose Recipes and Prescripts, are scatter'd up and down in several places of this Book, but the Fa∣mous W— Goddard, a great Philosopher and Physi∣cian, who deserved well of the World in his day and time, and who has even in this Remedy left himself an Immortal Name.

§ 3. And this is the true Medicine which was purcha∣sed of the Doctor by K. Charles the Second, so much famed thro' the whole Kingdom, and for which he gave him (as it is reported) fifteen hun∣dred Pounds Sterling.

§ 4. They that please may make it according to the Pre∣script; but in my Opinion (for 'tis possible a Dwarf standing upon a Giant's Shoulders may see farther than the Giant) it would be a better way, first to rectifie the Oil from the Flegm, then to grind the Volatile

Salt with the Oil, and so by a long digestion to join them together, S. A.

§ 5. You may make it of all the Bones of the Humane Body together, or if it be for a particular Intention, as for the Gout in any Limb, then of the Bones of those parts; but if for Diseases of the Head, then of Skulls only, and you ought to chuse those Bones which have lain a long time a drying, for that they will have lost most of their Flegm, and for the same reason will yield their Volatile Salt and Oil the more plentifully.

§ 6. These drops are of an ill and fetid Smell, but be∣ing made of Skulls are an excellent thing against the Falling Sickness, as also a∣gainst the Apoplexy, Lethar∣gy, Vertigo, Megrim, Head-Achs, Carus, Palsies, Con∣vulsions, and most other Di∣seases of the Head, Brain and Nerves; they cure the Vapors in Women, and Fits of the Mother, and remove the Obstructions and Pains of the Spleen. Dose, à gut. vj. ad xij. or xvj. and in ex∣tremity to gut. xx. in any proper Vehicle.

§ 7. But if you would take away their evil Scent and Elixirate them, add to every Ounce of them Spirit of Nitre rectified so much as may dissolve the Oil, which done mix it with four times the weight of the whole of Alcohol of S. V. and digest them together for a Month, so you will have a Medicine be∣yond all comparison, ten times exceeding the other in Worth and Efficacy.

§ 8. for it will not only be pleasant in Smell even to a Fragrancy, and retain all the afore enumerated Vertues, but as it will be much more sharp, volatile and subtile, so will it also ten times more powerfully open Obstructi∣ons, and become even a Re∣storer of Nature, and add Vigor and Strength to the whole Humane Frame.

§ 9. But in this last way, you must give it in a larger Dose, as à gut. xx. ad 60. in a Glass of Canary, in the Morning fasting, a little be∣fore Dinner, and last at night going to Bed.

§ 10. But before we leave this Subject, let me give you this following Note, That the Bones being reduced into pou∣der by beating in a Mortar, and then prepared with Spirit of Nitre rectified; and that Dissolution mixed with double

the quantity of the best Tar∣tariz'd Spirit of Wine makes a Medicine much pleasanter both in Smell and Taste, and preferrable before all the other Preparations both for Vertues and Efficacy, as I by a long Series of Experiments can truly tell. Dose, à gut. 20. ad 60. in a Glass of Wine, as in the former.