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THere are diuers sortes of vines, but aboue all the rest there are two most notable: that is to say, the garden or husbanded vine, and the wilde vine, as writeth Dioscorides, and the Ancientes. The manured or husbanded vine is also of diuers sortes, both in fashion and colour, so that it is not easie to
number or describe all the kindes: whereof it shalbe sufficient for vs to diuide the garden or husbanded vine into three kindes: whereof the first is very red, and yeeldeth a darke red liquer, the whiche is called of some Tinctura. The se∣conde is blewe, and yeeldeth a cleare white liquer, the which yet notwithstan∣ding wareth redde, when it is suffered to setle in the vessel. The thirde vine is white and yeeldeth a white wine or liquer, the whiche continueth white. And all these sortes of the manured or garden vines are lyke one another in leaues, branches, wood, and timber.
THE vine hath many weake and slender branches, of a wooddy substance, ouercouered with a clo∣uē barke, or chinking rinde (from which branches) groweth foorth new encrease of knottie shutes or springes, bringing foorth at euery knotte or ioynt, broade iagged leaues, diuided into fiue cuttes or partes, also it putteth foorth at the a∣foresayd ioyntes with the leaues certayne ten∣drelles, or clasping caprioles, & tying tagglets, wherewith al it taketh hold vpon trees, poles, and perches, and all thinges els that it may at∣tayne vnto. The same new springes and bran∣ches, doo also bring foorth, for the most part, at the seconde, thirde, and fourth knotte or ioynt, first of all little bushie tuftes, with white blos∣soms or flowers, and after them pleasant clu∣sters of many berries or grapes, thicke set and trussed togither, with in whiche berries or grapes are founde small graynes or kernelles, whiche be the seede of the vine.
The vine delighteth to growe vpon moun∣taynes, that stande open to the South, in hoate Countries and Regions, as in Canarie, and the Ilandes adioyning in Barbaria, Spayne, Greece, Candie, Sicile, Italy, and diuers other hoate Regions. It groweth also in Fraunce, and Almaigne, by the riuer Rheyne, and in some places of Netherland, as Brabant, Haynau, and Liege: but that which groweth in these lower Countries do bring foorth very smal or thin wines, for none other cause but onely bycause ye Sonne is not so vehement, and the nightes be shorter. For (as Constantine Caesar writeth.) The Sonne must giue to the wine strength and vertue, & the night his sweete∣nesse, and the Moone shine his rypenesse. And therefore are the vines of Cana∣narie, of Candie, and other the lyke hoate Countries, both sweete and strong: for the Sonne shineth vehemently in those Countries, and the nightes be lon∣ger then in this Countrie. And for this consyderation the wine of Rheyne, and of other the Septentrional or North Regions are weaker, and not so sweete & pleasant, bycause ye nights in those Countries be shorter, & the Sonne hath not so muche strength. And for the same cause also it groweth not in Norweigh, Swedlande, Denmarke, Westphale, Prusse, and other colde Countries: for the nightes be there in sommer short, and the power of the Sonne is but smal.
The vine flowreth in high and base Germanie or Almaigne, about the be∣ginning of Iune, and the grapes be through ripe in September. A moneth af∣ter, that is to say in Octoker, they presse foorth the wine, and put it into hogges∣heades, and vessels, fit for that purpose, and therefore they call the moneth of October in Douche, Wijnmaent.
The manured vine is called in Greeke 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉: in Latine, Vitis vinifera: in high Douche, Weinreb: in base Almaigne, Wijn∣gaert: in Englishe, the garden or manured Vine or Grape.
The leaues, branches, and tendrelles of the vine, are colde, drie, and astrin∣gent, and so be the greene berries or vnripe grapes: but the ripe grapes are hoate and moyst in the first degree, and the Raysen or dried grape is hoate and drie, as witnesseth Galen.
[ A] The iuyce of the greene leaues, branches, and tendrels of the vine dronken, is good for them that vomit or spet blood, and is good against the bloddy flixe, and for women with childe that are giuen to vomit. The same vertue haue the branches and clasping tendrelles to be taken alone by them selues: and so haue the kernelles, that are found within the fruit, to be boyled in water and dron∣ken.
[ B] The same tagglettes or clasping tendrelles of the vine, pound with parched barley meale, are good to be applyed to the headache comming of heate, and vpon the hoate vlcers of the stomacke.
[ C] The ashes of the drie boughes or cuttinges of the vine burnt, and layde to with vineger, do cure the excrescence & swellings of the fundement, the which must first be scarrified or pared.
[ D] The same dissolued in oyle of roses and vineger, is good to be layde to the bitinges of Serpentes, to dislocations or members out of ioynt, and to the in∣flammation, or heate of the splene or milte.
[ E] Greene grapes ingender windinesse in the belly and stomacke, and do loose the belly.
[ F] The dryed Raysens are very good against the cough, and all diseases of the lunges, the kidneyes and the bladder.
[ G] They be also very good (as Galen saith) against the stoppings and weake∣nesse of the liuer, for they both open the same, and strengthen it.
[ H] The broth of Raysen kernelles, is good agaynst the blooddy flixe and the laske, if it be altogither powred into the body at one glister.
[ I] It stoppeth also the superfluous course of womens flowers, if they bathe them selues in the same brothe or decoction of the kernelles.
[ K] The same kernelles pounde very small and laide to with salt, doo consume and waste harde swellinges, and swageth the blastinges and swellinges of womens breastes.