A nievve herball, or historie of plantes wherin is contayned the vvhole discourse and perfect description of all sortes of herbes and plantes: their diuers [and] sundry kindes: their straunge figures, fashions, and shapes: their names, natures, operations, and vertues: and that not onely of those whiche are here growyng in this our countrie of Englande, but of all others also of forrayne realmes, commonly vsed in physicke. First set foorth in the Doutche or Almaigne tongue, by that learned D. Rembert Dodoens, physition to the Emperour: and nowe first translated out of French into English, by Henry Lyte Esquyer.

Of Endiue and Succory. Chap. xij.

❀ The Kyndes.

ENdiue according to Dioscorides, and other Auncient writers of Physicke, is of two sortes, the one called Garden Endiue or Succorie: and the other wild Succorie. Wherof the garden Endiue or Succory is diuided againe into two sortes or kindes, one hauing brode white leaues, and the other nar∣rowe iagged leaues. Likewise of the wilde kinde are two sortes, one kind ha∣uing blew flowers, the other hath yellow flowers.

❀ The Description.

[ 1] THe white garden Succorie with the brode leaues, hath great, long, large, & soft, whitegeeene leaues, not much vnlike the leaues of some sorte of Letuce. The stalke is rounde set with the like leaues, whiche growe vp sodenly, bearing most commonly blewe flowers, and some∣times also white. After the flowers foloweth the seede, whiche is white. The roote is white and long, the which withereth and starueth away, the seede be∣ing once ripe.

[ 2] The second kind of garden Succorie hath long narrow leaues, sometimes creuished or slightly toothed about the edges. The stalke is round, the flowers blewe, lyke to the flowers of the aforesayde. The roote is white and long, full of sappe, and dieth not lightly, albeit it hath borne both his flowers and seede.

[ 3] The thirde kinde called wilde Endiue, hath long leaues of a sad greene co∣lour, and somewhat rough or hearie, the which be sometimes parted with red∣dish vaynes. The stalkes, flowers, & seede, are very much lyke to garden Suc∣corie,

[illustration]

Intubum satiuum latifolium. White Succory.

[illustration]

Intubum satiuum angustifolium. Garden Succorie.

and so is the roote, the which lasteth a long time, & doth not lightly perish.

[ 4] The fourth kind, which is the wild yellow Succorie, is also like to Succo∣rie in stalkes and leaues, the stalkes be a cubite long or more, full of branches. The leaues be long, almost like the leaues of wilde Endiue, but larger. The flowers be yellow, fashioned like the flowers of Dent de lyon, but smaller. The roote is of a foote long, full of white sap or iuyce, which commeth foorth whan it is hurt.

❀ The Place.

[ 1.2] The first and seconde kinde, are planted in the gardens of this Countrie.

[ 3] The thirde groweth in drie, grassie, and vntoyled places, and somtimes also in moyst groundes.

[ 4] The fourth kinde groweth in medowes, and moyst waterie places, about diches and waters.

❀ The Tyme.

These herbes flower at Midsomer, and sometimes sooner or rather, espe∣cially the white Endiue, the whiche being timely sowen in Marche, flowreth bytimes. Therefore the gardiners which would not haue it to flower, but are desirous to haue it great and large, do sowe it in Iuly and August: for being so lately sowen, it flowreth not al that yeere, but waxeth large and great: a little before winter they plucke it vp from the ground, and bind togither the toppes, and burie it vnder sande, and so it waxeth all white, to be eaten in Salades with oyle and vineger.

❧ The Names.

These herbes be called in Greeke 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉: in Latine Intuba: of some 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, and Picridae.

[ 1] The first kinde is called Intubum satiuum latifolium: and of some Endiuia:

[illustration]

Intubum syuestre, Cichorium.

[illustration]

Hedypnois. Yellow Succorie.

in shoppes Scariola: in Frenche, Scariole, Endiue: in high Douch, Scariol: in base Almaigne, the common Countrie folke do call it Witte Endiuie, the which are better acquainted with the right Endiue, thē the ignorant Apothecaries, who in steede of Endiue, do vse the wilde Letuce: in English, garden Succorie, or white Endiue with the brode leaues.

[ 2] The second is also a kind of garden Endiue, or Intubum satiuum, & is called Cichorium satiuum, & hortense: in shoppes Cicorea domestica in English, gar∣den Succorie: in Frenche, Cichorée: in high Douch, Zam Wegwarten: in base Almaigne, Tamme Cicoreye.

[ 3] The thirde kinde is called in Greeke 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉: in Latine, Cichorium, Intubum syluestre, of some Ambubeia: in shoppes, Cicorea syluestris: in French, Endiue sauuage: in high Douche, Wilde Wegwarten: in base Almaigne, Wilde Cicoreye: in English, Wilde Endiue.

[ 4] The fourth kind with the yellow flowers is called of Plinie Hedypnois: in high Douch, Geelwegwart: in French, Cichorée iaulne: in base Almaigne, Geel Cicoreye: in English, Yellow Succorie.

¶ The Nature.

These herbes be colde and drie almost in third degree, especially the wilde, which is more drie, and of a scouring or abstersiue facultie.

❀ The Vertues.

[ A] These herbes eaten, do comfort the weake and feeble stomacke, and do coole and refresh the hoate stomacke, specially the wild Endiue, which is most agree∣able and meetest for the stomacke and inward partes.

[ B] The same boyled and eaten with vineger, stoppeth the laske or fluxe of the belly proceeding of a hoate cause.

[ C] The iuyce or decoction of Succorie dronken is good for the heate of the li∣uer, against the Iaundise, and hoate Feuers, and Tertians.

[ D] The greene leaues of Endiue and Succorie brused, are good against hoate inflammations and impostumes, or gathering togither of euill humours of the stomacke, the trembling or shaking of the hart, the hoate gowte, and the great inflammation of the eyes, being layde outwardly to the places of the greefes.

[ E] The same layd to with parched Barley meale are good agaynst cholerique inflammations, called Erysipelas, and of some S. Antonies fier, or Phlegmon.

[ F] The iuyce of the leaues of Endiue and Succorie, layd to the forehead with oyle of roses and vineger, swageth headache.

[ G] The same with Ceruse (that is, white leade) and vineger, is good for al tu∣mours, impostumes and inflammations whiche require cooling.