The country-mans recreation, or the art of planting, graffing, and gardening in three bookes. The first declaring divers wayes of planting, and graffing ... also how to cleanse your grafts and cions, how to helpe barren and sicke trees, how to kill wormes and vermin and to preserve and keepe fruit, how to plant and proyne your vines, and to gather and presse your grape ... how to make your cider and perry ... The second treateth of the hop-garden, with necessary instructions for the making and the maintenance thereof ... Whereunto is added, the expert gardener, containing divers necessary and rare secrets belonging to that art ...

Mascall, Leonard, d. 1589., Scot, Reginald, 1538?-1599.

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A Table of all the principall things contained in this Booke. Of the seaven Chapters following.

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CHAP. VII. Is of Medicining and keeping the Trees, when they •e Planted and Set.

FIrst our councell is, when your Trees are but Plants (in dry weather) they must be watered.
With what Dung ye ought to dung your Trees.
When ye ought in Summer ro uncover your Trees.
When to cut or proine your Trees.
Cutting off great Branches, and when.
Leaving great Branches cut.

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Great Branches, and of the trees that beare them.
Barrennesse of trees, of cutting ill branches, and uncovering the rootes.
Which Trees ye must breake or plucke up the rootes.
What doth make a good Nut.
Cattle eating and destroying trees, how to graft them again.
Wilde stockes ought not hastily to be removed.
When to cut naughty Cions from the head.
Sometime how to cut the principall members.
How to guide and governe the said Trees.
A kind of Sicknesse in Trees.
Wormes in the barkes of trees.
Snailes, Antes, and Wormes that marre trees.
How to take those strange creeping Wormes.
Keeping Antes from the trees.
A Note of ill ayres and weathers.
Defence from the Caterpiller.

Heere followeth the Table of Graffing strange and subile wayes, in using of Fruites and Trees.

GRaffing one Vine upon another.
To helpe a tree long without fruit.
To have Peaches two moneths afore others.
To have Damsons unto Alhallontide.
To have Medlers, Cherries, and Peaches, in eating to tast like spice.
How to make a Muscadell tast.
To have Apples and Peares to come without blossoming.
To have Apples and Chesnuts rath, and long on the trees to remaine.
To have good Cherries unto Alhallontide.
To have rath Medlers two moneths before others.

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To have Peares timely.
To have Misplers and Medlars without stones.
How to have other Peares betimes.
Mulberries how to ripen them very soone, and dure long.
Keeping of Peares a yeare.
To have fruit tast halfe an Apple and halfe a Peare.
Graffing time.
Graffing the Quine-Apple.
Manner to destroy Pismires or Ants about the Tree.
Another way of the same.
Nuts, Plums, and Almonds, how to have them greater and fairer then others.
How to make an Oke or other Tree as greene in Winter as Summer.
Planting with Rootes, and without Rootes.
Keeping fruit from the Frost.
Choice dayes to Plant and Graffe.
Greene Roses all the yeare.
Reisons or Grapes good a yeare long.
Laxative fruit from the tree, how to make it.
A Note for all Planters and Graffers.

Here followeth a Table of certaine Dutch practisce.

TO Graffe one Vine upon another.
Chosen dayes to graffe in, and to choose your Cions,
How to gather your Cions.
Of Wormes in the Trees or fruit.
The setting of stones, and the ordering thereof.
How to gather Gumme of any tree.
To set a whole Apple.
The setting of Almonds.
The watring of Pepins.
To Plant or set Vines.
To set or plant the Cherry tree.

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To keepe Cherries good a yeare.
Remedy against Pismires or Ants.
The Setting of Chesnuts.
To make all stone fruit tast, as ye shall devise good.
The Graffing of the Medlar or Misple.
The bearing of fruit of the Fig-tree.
The Planting of the Mulberry and Fig-tree.
The tree that beareth bitter fruit.
To helpe barren trees.
Another way for the same.
To keepe fruit after they be gathered.
The Mulberry-tree liking his earth.
Of Mosse on your trees.
To keepe Nuts long.
To cut or proyne the Peach-tree.
To colour Peach-stones.
If Peaches be troubled with Wormes.
Peaches without stones.
Another way for the same.
Which way to helpe trees that doe not prosper.
Graffing Apples to last on the tree till Alhallontide.
Making Cherries and Peaches smell like spice.
Graffing an Apple-tree halfe sweet and halfe sower.
Graffing the Rose on the Holly-tree.
Keeping of Plums.
Altering of Peares.
Making of Cyder and Perry.
How to helpe frozen Apples.
How to make Apples fall from the tree.
Watring trees in Summer, if they waxe dry about the root.
How to cherish Apple-trees.
How to make an Apple grow in a Glasse.
How to graffe many sorts of Apples on one tree.
How to colour Apple; of what colour ye list.
How to graffe and to have Apples without Core.
Setting of Vine Plants.

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How to proine or cut a Vine in Winter.
Grape and Vine how to order them.
How to have Grapes without stones.
Making a Vine to bring a Grape to tast like Claret.
Gathering of your Grapes.
How to know if your Grapes be ripe enough.
How to prove or tast Wine.
Setting, Planting, and ordering of Hops.
How to chuse your Hops.
How to sow the Seeds.
Setting your Poles.
How to proine the Hop.
How to gather your Hops.
What Poles are best for your purpose.
How to order and dresse your Hills.
Best Ground for your Hop.
A note or all the rest above-said.
Packing and keeping your Hops.

The Authors Conclusion of this Table.

TO God be praises on hie

in all our Worldly Planting,

And let vs thanke the Romaines also,

for the Art of Graffing, and Gardening.

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A Table for the Hop-Garden.

A Perfect Platforme of a Hop-Garden.
Of unapt and apt ground for Hops.
Of the Scituation.
Of the quantity.
A proportion of the charge and benefit of a Hop-Garden.
Of the preparation of a Hop Garden.
The time to cut and set Hop Rootes.
Rules for the choice and preparation of Rootes.
Of the good Hoppe.
Of the unkindly Hoppe.
Of the wild Hoppe.
Of setting of Hop Rootes.
The distance of the Hills.
A description of the Line.
Abuses and Disorders in Setting.
Provision against annoyance, and spoyle of your Garden.
Of Poles.
Of the erection of Poles.
Of ramming of Poles.
Of Reparation of Poles.
Of pulling up Poles.
The way to make the Instrument wherewith to pull up the Hop Poles.
The manner of pulling up the Hop Poles.
Of the preservation of Poles.
Of tying of Hops to the Poles.

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Of hilling and hills.
Abuses in hilling.
Of the gathering of Hoppes.
What there is to be done in Winter herein.
When and where to lay Dung.
The order for reforming your Ground.
The order of cutting Hoppe Rootes.
Of divers mens follies.
Of Disorders and maintainers thereof.
Of an Oste.
Of the severall roomes for an Oste.
Of the Furnace or Keele.
Of the bed or upper floore of the Oste, whereon the Hoppes must be dryed.
The orderly drying of Hops.
Other manners of Dryings not so good.
The very worst way of drying Hops.
Of not Drying.
Of the packing of Hops.
The Reformation of a Garden of wild Hops.
The Reformation of a disordered Garden.
Needlesse Curiosities used by the unskilfull.

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