The names of herbes in Greke, Latin, Englishe, Duche [and] Frenche with the commune names that herbaries and apotecaries vse. Gathered by William Turner.

Abies.

ABies is called in greke Elate, in en∣glish a firre tree, in duch, Ein dannen, in french Sapin, it groweth in the al∣pes naturally and in certeyne gardi∣nes plāted and set by mannes hande boeth in Englande and in Germanie.

Abrotunum.

Abrotonū is called in greke, Abrotonon, in englishe Sothernwod, in duche Alfrush, in frenche Auronne. There are two kyndes of Sothernwod, the male and the female.

The male groweth plentuously in gardi∣nes in Englande, but the female dyd I ne∣uer see growing in Englande, it is founde in Italy in plentie inough. Sothernwod is hote and dry in the thirde degree.

Absinthium.

Absinthium is called in greke. Apsinthi∣on, in englishe wormwod, in Duche wer∣mout, in french, Absince or Aluyne. There are three kyndes of wormwod, beside the commune wormwod, wormwod pontike, called in latin Abunthium ponticum, in en∣glishe

maye be also called wormwod gen∣tle, it is called of Mesue and of the Pote∣caries of Germany Absinthium romanum the Coloners call it graue crut, the Freses call it wylde rosmary. The beste bynde of thys wormwode gentle or pontike that I haue sene came from Rome, an other kynde of the same is to be had in Anwerp and tho∣rowe al Germany in plentie The seconde kynde is called in latin Absinthium mari∣num and Seryphum, it groweth cōmonly in diches whereinto, the salte water vseth at certeyne tymes to come, it is plentuous in Northumberlande by holy Ilande, and in Northfolke beside Lin, at Barrowe in Bra¦bant, and at Norden in est freslande. Some take thys herbe agaynst the trueth for pon∣tike wormwod. The thirde kynde is called in latin Absinthium santonicum, I neuer se the herbe but ones, it maye be called in en∣glishe frenche wormwod. Oure commune wormwod is called in latine Absinthium rusticum. And here is to be marked that they are farre deceiued that vse this for pō∣tike wormwod. I report me to Galene (xi. Methodi medendi) whether it be so or no. Pontike wormwod, is hote in the fyrste de∣gree and dry in the thirde. Sea wormwod is hote in the seconde degree and dry in the

fyrste, frenche wormwod is weaker then Sea wormwod is.

Acanthium.

Acanthium is called in greke Acanthion, it is named of some herbaries carduus asi∣ninus, I haue not hearde the name of it in englishe, but I thynke it maye be called in englishe otethistle, because the seedes are like vnto rough otes, or gum thistle, or coi∣ten thistle, because it is gummy and the lea∣ues haue in thē a thynge lyke cotten, which appeareth when they are brokē. It groweth in gardines in Bonony, I haue also sene it in England in gardines, but neuer a brode. The herbe is of an hote & a subtile nature.

Acanthus.

Acanthus is called in greke Acantha, in englishe Branke vrlin, in duche welshe bea∣renklawe, in frenche branke vrsine, branca vrsina groweth in many places of Englāde in gardines and in the greatest plentie that I euer sawe it, I did see it in my Lorde Pro∣tectours graces gardine at Syon, some erre sore whiche abuse for thys herbe berefote. The rote of brākeursine drieth and cutteth humours lyghtly, and is of subtile partes, the leaues haue power metely to dryue hu∣mours to their places.

Aconitum.

There are .ii. kindes of the herbe called Aconitum, the one kynde is called Pardali∣anches, whiche we may call in englishe Li∣hardbayne or one bery. It is much in Nor∣thumberland in a wodde besyde Morpeth called Cottingwod. It hath foure leaues lyke vnto great plātaine, & in the ouermost top a litle blacke bery lyke a blacke morbe∣ry, but blacker & greater. The other kynde is called Lycoctonum, & in englishe it maye be called wolfes bayne. But this kynde is deuided into two other kyndes, of whiche I neuer sawe any kynde in Englande, the one hath leaues lyke crowfote, and blewe floures lyke hodes, and it is called muench kappen in duche, and it maye be called in englishe mōkes coule or blewe wolfsbaine. The other kinde hath leaues like a playne tree or like Palma christ & yelowe floures, thys maye be called in Englishe yelowe wolfesbayn. I haue sene the former kind in great plentie vpon the alpes betwene Cla∣uena & Spelunca, and in manye gardines in Brabant, the latter kynde dyd I neuer se but in gardines.

Acorus.

Acorus groweth not in England, wher∣fore they are farre deceyued that vse the ye∣lowe slourdeluce, whiche some call gladen,

for Acorus, for Acorus is hote, bytinge and opening, but gladen is colde, vnsauery and astringent. I thynke that the great Galan∣ga is the true Acorus. If they haue not it they maye vse Calamus aromaticus, or A∣sarabacca for Acorus. Acorus is hote and dry in the thirde degree.

Adiantum.

Adiantum is called in greke Adianton, in duche iunkfrawen hare, of the herbaries Capillus veneris & groweth not in englād for it that is takē here for Adiantum is tri∣rhomanes in Dioscorides. Howe be it ye may vse trichomanes for Adianto, for they are of lyke vertue. Adiantum groweth in Italy in welles, and in the alpes in watery or drepyng rockes, and especially whereas the first water begynneth to stande, if that a rocke lyke a browe, hange ouer the wel or water, it may be named in englishe Venus heir or Colōder maidens heir. Venus heir is in a meane tempre betwene hote & colde.

Agaricus.

Agaricus is called in greke agaricos, in english agarike, in duch dannēsthawm. A∣garike groweth not in Englād, but in the alpes which deuide Germany & Fraunce frō Italy. Agarike is hote & dryueth awaye and breaketh in smal pieces, humours.

Albucus

Albucum is called also Hastula regia, and in greke asphodelos, asphodillus gro∣weth not in Englande. It groweth in gar∣dines in Anwerp, it maye be named in en∣glishe whyte affodil, or duche daffodil, this that we take for daffodil is a kinde of Nar∣rissus mentioned in plinie, it dryueth away humours and sendeth them abrode.

Alcea.

Alcea is called in greke alcea, in Duche figmarswortes, of the Herbaries Herba hungarica, in frenche guimane, it hath no name in englishe that I knowe, it maye be named Veruen mallowe, or cut mallowe. It groweth plentnously in Germanie at Bon by the Rhene side.

Allium.

Allium is called in greke scorodō, in En¦glishe garlike, in duche knobloch, in french anlouanx, it is deuided into three kyndes, the first kynde is the cōmon garlike, the se∣conde kynde is called allium anguinum in latin, and ophioscorodō in greke, in englishe crowe garlike, or wylde garlike. The third kinde is called in latin Allium vrsinum, and in englishe Ramsey, or bucrāmes or rāmes. The first kynde groweth in gardines one∣ly. The seconde kynde groweth in the fiel∣des.

The .iij. kind groweth also in gardines Garlyke is hote & dry in the fourth degree.

Alnus.

Alnus is called in greke Clethra, in En∣glishe an alder tree or an aller tree, in duche erlinbaum, it groweth by water sydes and in marrishe middowes.

Aloe.

Aloe is so called in greke, latin & english, It groweth not in Englande but by the sea side & in Ilandes, I haue sene it in gardines in Italy, but it dureth not in gardines a∣boue three yeres. Aloe is after Paulus hote in the first degree and dry in the third. Me∣sue sayeth that it is hote in the seconde and dry in the thirde, but thys is so to be vnder∣stande that it is very hote in the first degree and meanly hote in the seconde.

Alsine.

Alsine is called in englishe chike weede, in duch vogell craute, in frenche mauron, of the herbaries Morsus galline, it is moyste and colde, it groweth on olde houses and in al places all most in summer.

Altercum.

Altercum, siue Apollinaris is named in greke hyosciamos, in englishe Henbane, in duch bylsē craute, in frēch Alahābane, of the Poticaries Iusquiamus. It is colde in the thirde degree.

Althea.

Althea called also Hibiscus, and Euit∣cus, is named in greeke althaia, in Englishe marish mallowe or water mallowe, in duch ibish, it groweth in watery places, some take not as they should do holyhoke for al∣thea. Mershe mallowe.

Alysson Plinij.

Alyscon Plinij is a rare herbe whiche I coulde neuer see but once in Englande and that was a litle from Syon. It had leaues lyke madder and purple floures, it maye be named in englishe purple goosgrafe.

Amarantus.

There are two kindes of Amarātus, the one kynde is called in greeke of Discorides Helichryson, and thys kynde is founde in Italy. The other kynde is called here in Englande of some purple veluet floure, of other flouramore.

Amygdala.

Amygdala is called in greke amygdale, in englishe an almon tree, in duche en man∣del baum, in frenche amander, it groweth in Italy and in high Germany in the fieldes, but in England, only in gardines. Almon∣des haue a temparate heate.

Ami.

Ami is called in englishe amy, of the po∣ticaries

ammeos, it groweth not in Eng∣lande, it groweth in many gardines in Ita∣ly and in Germany. It is hote and dry in the thirde degree.

Amomum.

Amomum were Rosa hierecuntis if it sa∣uoured well, but for lacke of that, thys rose of hierico semeth to be amomis.

Anagallis.

Anagallis, siue Corchorus, is called in englishe pympernel, in duche gauchheyl, in french morgelina, it groweth commonly a∣monge the corne. The male hath a crim∣sin floure, & the female hath a blewe floure. They are somethynge hote and dry.

Anagyris.

Anagyris groweth not in Englande, it hath seede lyke a beane and I haue sene it in Bonony, it maye be called stynkynge tri∣foly in englishe, or beane tree. It is hote of complexion.

Anchusa.

Anchusa groweth in sādy groundes and somtyme amonge the corne wyth a red rose and leaues like Buglos, it is called in frēch orchanet, it may be named in englishe wilde Buglos or orchanet, as the french men do. The herbe is colde and dry.

Androsaemon.

Androsaemon is the herbe (as I door g•••••••• whiche we call totsan, and the Poticaries falsly cal Agnus castus, it groweth in gar∣dines in Englande and no where elles that I haue sene, it drieth by his natural power.

Anemone.

Anemone groweth muche about Bon in Germany, I haue not sene it in Englande, it is called of the cōmō herbaries Herba vē∣ti, it may be called in english rose perseley.

Anethum.

Anethum is called in greeke anethon, in englishe and duche, dill, in french anet, anet is hote far in the seconde degree and is dul∣ler in driues in the same degree, Anethum is wronge englished, of some, anise.

Anisum.

Anisum is called in greke anison, in En∣glishe anise, the anise whiche we vse nowe adayes is not so hote as Galen sayeth that his anise is, for he sayeth that anise is hote and dry in the thirde degree.

Anonis.

Anonis called also Ononis is called of the herbaries Resta bouis, Remora aratri, and acutella, and in duche hawhekell & stal∣craute, and in frenche Bugraues, in Cam∣bryge Shyre a whyne, it groweth in many

places aboute cambryge. The roote of this herbe is of an hote nature.

Aparine.

Aparine siue Philanthropos, siue Om∣phacocarpos is called in english goosgrasse or Goosehareth, in Duche Klebkraute, in frenche Grateron, the herbe scoureth away and dryeth.

Anthenus.

Anthenus siue Chamaemelō is called in englishe Cammomyle, in duch camillen, in frenche camomille, Camomilla is deuided into three kyndes, the firste kynde is called leucanthemō because it hath a whyte floure and of the commune herbaries Camomilla romana, and in englishe cammomyle, thys herbe groweth on Rychmund grene, and in Hundsley heth in great plentie. The second is called in greke chrysanthemon because it hath a golden floure. I founde it once in a corne fielde betwene Basyle and Surike, and haue neuer sene it any where els in all my lyfe, it maye be called in englishe yea∣lowe camomyle. The thirde kynde is na∣med in greeke Eranthemon because it gro∣weth in the sprynge of the yere. I haue sent it in Englande but very rare, some call it amariscam rubeam, and they call it in En∣glishe red mathes, alij, red mayde wed, alij,

purple camomyle. Camomyle is hote and drye in the fyrste degree

Antirrhinon.

Antirrhinon is of two sortes, the one is described of Plinie wyth leaues lyke flax, and the other is described of Dioscorides with the leaues of pimpernel, Plinies antir∣rhinon groweth in many places of Germa¦ny in the corne fieldes, and it maye be called in englishe calfe snoute. The other kynde haue I in my gardine whose seede came frō Italy, it maye be called brode calfe snoute.

Apios.

Apios is called also Ischas, chamebala∣nos, and carica, it is called in englishe an er∣nute or an earth nute, it groweth plentu∣ouslye in Northumberland, beside morpeth & in Germany betwene Redkyrke & Colō.

Apiastrum.

Apiastrū siue Citrago, is named in greke Melissophillon, ant Meliphillō, in english Baume, in duche Melessen oder Hertes kraut and Confili, in frenche Melesse. The Baume that we haue in Englande here is not the ryghte Melissophyllon, but it gro∣weth in Germany in many gardines, and hath a greate deell better smell then thys cōmon Melissa hath, it may be called in en∣glishe Baum gentle, Baume is hote in the

seconde degree, but it dryeth not so muche.

Apium.

Apium is named Selinō, in english Per∣seley, in duch Peterlinge either Petersely, in french Persil It is hote in the second degree and dry in the middest of the thyrde. Some vse for it wyth an errour Paludapio, that is Smallage for apio. Perseley groweth no where that I knowe, but only in gardines.

Aristolochia.

Aristolochia is of three sortes. The fyrst is called in latin aristolochia rotunda, and it may be named in englishe round Ofter Lu∣rior astrolochia, or round hertworte. Some abuse for thys herbe, Holwort, whiche is in Pleni Capnos phragmites. But their error is easely perceyued by the readynge of the discription of Dioscorides. This kind gro∣weth not in Englande, but in Italy and in Fraunce plentuously. The second is called Aristolochia longa, and it groweth very li∣tle in Englande that I haue sene, but about Bon in Germany it groweth in many hed∣ges by the vineyardes, but there it bringeth furth no fruite, but besyde Lake decome, it bryngeth furth fruite lyke blacke peares and seede lyke mennes hertes, thys kynde may be called in englishe longe Hertworth or longe Astolochia The third kinde is cal∣led

Clematites & it may be called in english small Hertworte, it groweth in high Alma∣ny, in Basile. Herteworte is hote and drye about the thirde degree.

Armoracia.

Armoratia is named in greke Raphanis it groweth not in England that I wotte of, but it groweth in Italy and it is called Lar∣moratia, it myght be called in englishe if we had it, wyld Radish, it is hote of cōplexion.

Arum.

Arum is called in greke aron, in english Cuckopintell, Wake Robin, or Rampe, in duche Psaffen bynde, in frenche Vidchaen, the Poticarie calleth it Pes vituli, Serpen∣taria minor, Luph minus groweth in euery hedge almost in Englande aboute townes in the spryng of the yere. Some wryte that it is but hote & drie in the fyrst degree, howe be it our aron is hote in the thirde degree.

Arbutus.

Arbutus groweth in Italy, it hath leaues like Quickētree, a fruite lyke a strawbery, wherfore it may be called in english straw∣bery tree, or an arbute tree.

Arthemisia.

Arthemisia otherwyse called Parthenis, is commonly called in englishe mugworte, and in duch Bifusse, it is not the very same

that Dioscorides describeth. I saw the right Mugwort in an Ilande beside Venice, and it may be called in englishe litle Mugwort. Arthemisia is of three sortes, the fyrst is the herbe that I cal sea Mugworte, the seconde kynde after Fuchsius, is Feuerfew, and the thyrde kynde Tansey. Thys brode and cō∣mon kynde maye be vsed for the ryght tyll we maye get better. Mugworte heateth in the seconde degree, and dryeth either vehe∣mently in the ende of the fyrst degree, or els lyghtly in the begynnyng of the seconde.

Arundo.

Arundo is called in greeke Calamos, in englishe a reed, in duch Ein ror oder ried, in frenche nug roseau, it groweth in water sy∣des, & in fennes, & such other watery places

Asarum.

Asarum is named in greke asaron, in en∣glishe azarabacca or Folefote, in duche Ha∣selwortz, in frenche Cabaret, it is hote and dry in the third degree. It groweth in Ger∣many wylde vnder Hasell trees, wherupon it hath the name. It groweth in Englande onely in gardines that I wotte of.

Ascyron.

Ascyron is not very cōmon in England, howe be it I sawe it thys last yere in Syon parck, it hath a foursquared stalke, & is like

saynte Iohans grasse, but it is greater and not wyth suche holes as are in saynte Io∣hans grasse, wherefore it maye be called in english square saint Iohans grasse or great saynt Iohans grasse.

Asclepias.

Asclepias is called of the Herbaries Hi∣rundinaria, of the duche men Schwalben∣wirt, and of some poticaries Vincetoxicum. It groweth in Germany in highe moun∣taynes, and in stony grounde amonge bu∣sshes I haue not sene it in England, it may be called in englishe, Swallowurt.

Asparagus.

Asparagus is of .ij. kyndes, the one kinde is called in latin asparagus altilis, or aspa∣ragus alone, of the Poticaries sparagus, in Englishe Sperage, in Duche Spargen, in french Esperage, it groweth very plentu∣ously in the Ilandes of cast Freeseland, but in Englande it groweth no where els that I knowe, but in gardines. The other is na∣med in latin Corruda or asparagus sylue∣stris I neuer sawe thys kynde but onely in Italy in the mounte aperune, it maye be cal∣led in englishe pricky Sperage, because it is all full of pryckes.

Asplenum.

Asplenum or asplenium named in greke

asplenon, or Scolopēdrion, in duche Stein∣ferne, is called of the poticaries Citterache. It maye be called in englishe Citterach, or Scaleferne, or Fingerferne. Thys herbe groweth communely in greate rockes and in moyste walles, it is very muche in big he Germany besyde Embis hath, and besyde S. Goweris. I heare say that it is also plē∣tuous in the west countrey here in Englād.

Astragalus.

Astragalus is called in lowe duche lande Erde nut, & in Berglande Erdeklin, it may be called in english peaserthnut. It groweth in the mountaynes of Germany, and hath leaues and stalkes lyke a pease, blacke litle rotes with knoppes lyke acornes, Fuchsius toke thys herbe to be apios, but the discrip∣tion agreeth not. Astragalus hath a nature to drye, I haue sene thys herbe of late in Coome parke more astringēt thē it of Ger∣manie.

Atractilis altera.

Atractilis altera, named of the potica∣ries Cardo benedictus, and so is it also na∣med in Englishe, it groweth no where in Englande that I knowe, but in gardines.

It dryeth humours by nature.

Atriplex.

Atriplex called in greke atraphaxys, or

Chrysolachanō, in english Orech or Orege, in Duche Milten, in Frenche arroches, is moyste in the seconde degree and colde in the fyrste, it groweth in gardines & in some Cornefieldes.

Auena.

Auena named in greeke Bromos, in en∣glishe Otes or hauer, in duche Haber or ha∣uer, in french auoine, is somthing of a colde nature and a stoppyng.

Bacchar.

Bacchar or Baccaris is the herbe (as I thynke) that we cal in english Sage of Hie∣rusalem, but I wyll determine nothynge in thys mattertyl I haue sene further. Let ler∣ned men examine and iudge.

Balanus myrepsica.

Balanus myrepsica, is called of the Po∣ticaries Ben, and so mayt it be also named in englishe, it scoureth and cutteth wyth a certeyne astriction. It groweth not in Eu∣ropa that I haue hearde tel of.

Ballote.

Ballote named of some marrubiastrum or marrubium nigrum is named in english stynkyng Horehound or blacke Horehound in duche stynkend andorne, in frenche mar∣rubin nore, it groweth in hedges commune∣ly in euery countrey.

Barba Hirci.

Barba Hirci named in greeke Trago∣pogon or Come, groweth in the fieldes a∣boute London plentuously, and it groweth muche in the middowes of Colon and in many places in duch land. The duch herbe hath some bitternes in the roote & a whyte seede, but oures is swete and hath blacke seede, therfore oures is the better herbe. It maye be called in englishe gotes bearde.

Bellis.

Bellis or Bellius named in Englishe a Dasie, is called of the Herbaries Cōsolida minor, in duch Massible and Cleyn Iritlo∣ssen, in french Margarites or Petit consyre. Dasies growe in al grene places in greate plentie.

Beta.

Beta named in greeke Seutlon & Teut∣lon, is called in Englishe a Bete, in Duche Mangolt, in frenche Porree, on Iotte. It is called of Plenie and Theophrastus, Sicu∣la. Betes growe in England, as farre as I knowe in gardines only.

Betonica

Betonica called in Greeke Cestron or Psychotrophiō, is named in englishe Beto∣ny or Beton, in duche Betonien, in frenche Betoine, it groweth muche in woddes and

wylde forestes. Betony is hote and drye.

Betonica Pauli aeginete.

Betonica Pauli, is a litle herbe growing not higher then Peny ryal wyth leaues al∣so lyke Peny ryal wyth seedes in coddes lyke Bursa pastoris, it groweth plētuously in Germany about Bon, and in Englande in a parke besyde London, it maye be called in englishe Paules Betony or wodde Pe∣ny ryal.

Betula.

Betula or as some wryte it, betulla, is called in greeke Semida, in englishe a birch tree or a birke tree, in duche ein birck baum, in frenche bouleau ou beula. It groweth in woddes and forestes.

Blitum.

Blitum is named in greeke blitō or bletō in duch maier, in frēch dublite, I neuer saw it in Englād but in my lordes gardine, and there it was vnknowen. It may be named a blete. Blete after Galene is colde & moyste in the seconde degree.

Botrys.

Botrys is called in english Oke of Hie∣rusalem, in duche trauben krante, in frenche pijmen as some teache. It groweth in gar∣dines muche in Englande.

Brassica.

Brassica is named in greeke krambe, in

englishe colewuries, cole or keele, in duche kol, in frenche chauls, in the Poticaries latin caulis.

Brassica marina.

Brassica marma is called in greke krambe thalastia, in duche meer kole, in frenche sol∣dana. I haue not seene it in England, but I thynke that it groweth plētuously in Eng∣lande It may be called in english seafolfote it groweth plentuously in east Freeslande aboute the bankes of diches whereinto the salt water cometh at euery ••••••ynge tyde, it groweth also much in middowes by the sea∣syde, whiche are somtyme ouerflowed with the salte water.

Brassica syluestris.

Brassica syluestris groweth in Douer cliffes where as I haue onely seene it in al my life. It may be named in english sea cole

Bryon thalassion.

Bryon thalassiō named in latin Muscus marinus is of two sortes, the one is descri∣bed of Dioscorides to be very small after the maner of heires, thys kynde is of two sortes. The one kynde is called Vsnea ma∣rina, & it may be called in english sea mosse, it groweth aboute stones and shelles in the sea. An other of the same kynde is called of certeyne Herbaries Corallina. Both these

haue very smal braūches, the first like wod, the other lyke stone. The other kynde is de∣scribed of Plenie & Theophrastus to haue leaues lyke letties, and thys kynde is called in englishe slauke. It groweth in the sea a∣bout shelles and stones also. It coleth and byndeth.

Bryonia.

Bryonia called in greeke Ampelos leuce in english bryonie or wylde Neppe, in duch wylde Kur•••••• teufels Kirs, it is named in frenche C••••••nree and de fen ardant. It groweth in many places of Englande in hedges. It scoureth awaye and dryeth vp.

Buglossum.

Buglossum called of the Poticaries bo∣rago, is called in englishe borage, in duche borretsch, in french borache, borage is moyst and warme. I ••are saye that there is a bet∣ter kynde of Buglosse founde of late in Spayne, but I haue not seene that kynde as yet. The commune buglosse that we vse, is not cirsion, as afterwardes I shal declare but a certeyne kynde of ryght buglosse.

Bulbine.

Bulbine called in Duche hundes vllich maye be called in englishe dogges Leike, it groweth much about Bon in Germany. It hath a rounde roote and a yealowe flower.

Bunium.

Bunium is a rare herbe in Englande, to me at the least, for I coulde neuer fynde it here, but Lucas the reader of Dioscorides in Bonomy shewed it me. It maye be called in englishe square perseley. Bunium is hote of complexion.

Buthalmus.

Buthalmus is lyke Chrysanthemon, but the floure is a greate deele greater. I haue seene it in Italy and in high Germany, but no where in Englande. It may be called in englishe Oxeye.

Buxus.

Buxus named in greeke Pyxos is called in englishe box, in duch bucksz baume, and in frenche bouys.

Calamintha.

Calamintha is of three kyndes, the firste kynde is lyke wilde Meriorum and it gro∣weth muche about Syon in Englande, and by Bon in Germany. It maye be called in englishe bush calamint, because it groweth euer amonge the busshes, or hore calamynt. The seconde kynde groweth muche in the corne, and therfore it is called in duch corne∣mynt. It is also called in english corne mint and calamynt. The thyrde kynde is called in latin Nepeta, in englishe Nepe, in Duche

Katzenkrante oder Katzenmuntz, in frenche herbe Anchat. Calamynt is hote and dry in the third degree.

Caltha.

Caltha is called of the Herbaries calen∣dula, in englishe a Marygolde, in Duche Ringebloumen, in frenche Soulsie.

Canabis.

Canabis is called in Englishe Hemp, in duche Hanffe in french chanure.

Cantabrica.

Cantabrica of Plenie, is called in english wylde Gelouer or gelesloure, in duch wyl∣der neglebloum, in frenche Armoris. Some cal the same herbe Garyophilsatā siluestrē.

Capnos.

Capnos called in latin Fumaria, and in englishe Fumitarie, in duche Kernell oder Erdrauch, in frenche furniterre, it groweth amonge the corne, and it hath a sharp and a bytter qualitie.

Capnos phragmites.

Capnos prior Pliuij, or Capnos phrag∣mites in Theophrastus, is called in duche, Holewurte, and falsly of the commune sorte Aristolochia rotunda. It groweth plentu∣ously in Germany aboute Bon in the hed∣ges, it may be called in englishe Holewurte

Capparis.

Capparis or Inturis is called in english Capers, in duche Kappers, in frenche Ca∣pres. Capers is hote in the seconde degree, and dry in the thirde after Auerois.

Carduus.

Carduus called in latin Scolimus after Galene, Aetius & Paulus is a sundry herbe frō Cinara. But other authours make only thys difference that Carduus shoulde be wylde Archichoke and Cinara shoulde be the gardin Archichoke.

Careum.

Careum called also Carium, and in greeke Karos, is called in englishe Carruwayes, in high duch Weisz kymmer, in lowe duch Hoffe cumyn, in frenche Carni, the potica∣ries cal it also Carni, it is almoste hote and dry in the thyrde degree.

Carex.

Carex is called in englishe a Sege, it gro¦weth in fennes and in watery places, it is called in Northumberlād Shearegrasse be∣cause it cutteth mennes hādes that touche it.

Cassutha.

Cassutha called in greke Cassitas, is na∣med in english Doder, in duch Filtz kraut, Doder, and wrang, in french Goute de line, the Poticaries cal it Cuscutam and Poda∣gram lini. Some abuse thys herbe when it

groweth aboute smal grasse, or Tyme, or Sauery for Epithymo of the olde writers. Howe be it they are deceyued. For the Do∣der that groweth about Tyme is only E∣pithymum Mesues, and not Galeni and Dioscoridis. Doder groweth aboute Flax, Tares, Nettels, Tyme, Sauery, Hoppes, and many other suche lyke, it is much more plētuous in Germany thē it is in Englāde.

Castanea.

Castanea called Castonos in greke, and of some Dus balanos, is named in englishe a Chesnut tree in duche en Kesten baum, in frenche Castaiginey.

Celtis.

Celtis named in greke Lotos is called in frenche as Gesnere sayeth, Algsier or Ledo∣mier, but how that it is called in english and in duche I cā not tel, for I neuer sawe it nei∣ther in Germany nor in Englande, but I haue seene it in Italy, it hath a leafe lyke a Nettel, therfore it may be called in englishe Ntetel tree or Lote tree.

Centaurium.

Centaurium is of two sortes, the one is called centaurium magnum and it is called of the Poticaries Ruponticum, and in En∣glishe Rupontike. It groweth onely in gar∣dines, I neuer sawe it sauyng only in Italy

and Germany. The seconde kynde is called in latin Cē••aurium minus, in englishe Cē∣torie, in duch ••usent gulden, in french Fiel be terre. Cētorie scouteth away & dryeth vp.

Centunculus.

Centunculus named in greke Guapha∣lion is named in duche Rurkraut and in en∣glishe in some places Cartaphilago. Howe be it that is an other herbe as afterwardes I shal declare. It maye be called in englishe Chafweede, it is called in Yorke supre cud∣weede.

Cepe.

Cepe or Cepa called in greeke Crommy∣on is of diuerse sortes, the first kynde is cal∣led in latin Cepa ascaloma, in greke Crom∣myon askalonton, and in english a Scalion. The seconde is called Crom̄yon Schiston, in englishe in some place Hole leke, it were better to call it Wynterouyon, because it hath blades as Onions and not like seekes and endureth all the wynter. The Duche cal thys Onyon Seer or Suer. I see it no where elles but in gardines. Onyons are hote in the fourth degree.

Cepaea.

Cepaea is diuersly described of Diosco∣rides & Plan, Cepaea that Dioscorides de∣scribeth

as I iudge is the herbe whiche is called in englishe Brooklem, and in Duche Bauchhung. It groweth in water sydes, and by brookes, & sprynges. Cepaea Plinij groweth by the sea syde, and because it is very lyke Purcellayne, it maye be called in englishe sea Purcellayne.

Chamaecyparissus.

Chamaecyparissus is supposed of some men to be the herbe that we cal Lauander cotton, whose opinion as I do not vtterly reiect, yet I founde an herbe in the moun∣taynes aboue Bon, which being in al poyn∣tes much more lyke a Cypres tree, then La∣uander cotten is, me thynke is rather Cha∣maecyparissus then it is, it may be called in englishe heath Cypres, because it groweth amonge heath, or dwarfe Cypres.

Camedrys.

Chamedrys called in latin Trissago, in englishe Germander or englishe Triacle, in duche Bamanderlin, in frenche Geliman∣d••e. It is called of the Potecaries Chame∣dryos. Germander groweth in the rockes of Germany ouer agaynste Byng besyde Crēfiel••e. In England I sawe it no where sauyng onely in gardines. It is hote & drye in the thyrde degree.

Chameleuce.

Chamelence named in latine Populago, Farfagium and Farranū is called in Nor∣thumberlande a Lucken gollande. It gro∣weth in watery middowes with a leafe like a water Rose, wherfore it may be called al∣so Petie nunefar.

Chamepence.

Chamepence is a very rare herbe, whiche I neuer sawe growyng, sauyng only in the aspes, it boweth lyke the eare of rye, where∣fore it may be called in englishe Aspeare or Petie Larix.

Chamepitys.

Chamepitys called in latin Aiuga, and of the Poticaries Iua muscata, is called in duche Ye leuger, and in french Ine muscate and it maye be called in englishe Grounde pyne. It groweth muche in the mount Ap∣penine besyde Bonony and aboue Bon in Germany. I haue not seene it in Englande. It is drye in the thyrde degree and hote in the seconde.

Chondrilla.

Chondrilla is not in Englande that I haue seene, it is muche in highe Germany and because it hath leaues lyke Succorye, and stalkes lyke Rysshes, it maye be named in englishe Ryshe Succory or gum Succo∣ry because it hath a clammy humour in it.

Cicerbita.

Cicerbita is named in greeke Sogthas, in englishe a Sow thistle, in duche Salen∣koel or gensz distel, in frenche Latterō, it gro¦weth cōmune inough in al countreis. The nature of the herbe is to coole.

Cicer.

Cicer is called in greeke Erebinthos, in duche Kicherus, kicherbs and Zisserne, in frenche Cich ou Pois ciches Cicer is much in Italy and in Germany. I haue sene them but seldom in Englande. Cicer may be na∣med in english Cich, or ciche pease, after the frenche tonge.

Cicercula.

Cicercula named in greeke Lathyros, gro¦weth in Germany in greate plentie aboue Bon, the puls maye be called in Englishe cichlynge, or litle or Petie ciche.

Cicera.

Cicera & cicercula diffre by these markes. Cicercula hath white seede and ful of squa∣res, and Cicera hath blacke seedes. Cicera maye be called in englishe blacke cichlynge.

Cicuta.

Cicuta is called in greeke Concion, in englishe Homlocke or Hemlocke, in duche Sheirlynge, in frenche Cigue or secu. The leaues of oure H••mlocke are not so smal, as

Dioscorides requireth in his cicuta. Hēlocke is told in the extremitie, that is in the fourth degree.

Cingulum.

Cingulum is named in greeke Zoster, it groweth in the sea, & is like a gyrdel, wher∣fore it maye be named in englishe, fysshers gyrdle or sea gyrdel, or sea ••elte. I haue sene it in east Freslande by the sea syde.

Cirsium.

Cirsium named in greeke Cirsion hath ben supposed of many to be oure Bogl••sse, but they are deceyued. I thynke that oure Lang debefe shoulde be the ryghte Cirsim, if it had purple floures, as it hath yealowe. Howbeit I thynke that it is the right Cus••∣on, for the coloure of the herde is diuerse in diuerse places.

Cisthus.

Cisthus groweth plentuously in Italy, and one kinde of cisthus groweth in my Lor¦des gardine in Syon. Cisthus is called of some Herbaries Rosa canina and rosago. It that groweth in Italy, whiche I sawe in Ferraria hath shorter leaues, then thys ci∣sthus that groweth in Syon. Cisthus may be named in english cistsage or bushsage, for the lykenes that it hath with sage. Cisthus bindeth and dryeth.

Cistus ladanifera.

Cisthus ladanifera hath lōger and smal∣ler leaues, then hath the other cisthus, it gro¦weth muche in Spayne and also in Italy, whereas I haue sene it, it maye be named in England, London or Ladonshrub. It is al∣most hote in the seconde degree and bindeth somthynge.

Clematis daphnoides.

Clematis daphnoides is called of the la∣tin wryters Vinca peruinca, and in englishe Perewincle, in duche ingrien, and in frenche peruitica.

Clematis altera.

Clematis altera is not wythwynde, as Ruellius gessed, but an other herbe far vn∣lyke, which I sawe once in Farraria, it hath sharper & lōger leaues thē peruinca hath. It may be named in englishe bush Perewincle.

Clinopodium.

Clinopodium groweth plentuously a∣boute Bon by the Rehne syde. I heare saye that it groweth also about Oxford. It may be called in englishe horse Tyme, because it is like great Tyme, it is hote and dry in the thyrde degree.

Clymenum.

Clymenum semeth not to be al one herbe in Plime & Dioscorides, clymenum of Di∣oscorides,

is water Betonie as I suppose called of some Herbaries Scrofularia ma∣ior. Clymenos of Plinie semeth to ibe an herbe called in duche aboute Colon, saynte Iohns kraute, it groweth in wodes aboute hedges, and the other kynde groweth euer in water sydes.

Cnecus.

Cnecus or cuicus is called in greeke cue∣cos, in englishe Bastarde saffron or mocke saffron, in duche wylde saffron, in frenche saffran bastarde, it is hote in the thyrde de∣gree. It is muche in highe Germany sowen in fieldes, as saffron is set here. The Poti∣caries call thys herbe carthamus.

Cholchicum.

Cholchicum is abused of some Potica∣ries for Hermodactylus. Cholchicum hath leaues and seedes in sommer, and flowres lyke saffron flowres aboute Mihelmesse. It is muche in Germany about Bon in moyst middowes and in woddes. It maye be cal∣led in englishe, wylde saffron.

Colocasia.

Colocasia called in greeke Cyamos ae∣gyptios and in latin Faba, also Egyptia, it may be called in english a Bene of Egypt. I haue sene the right colocasia in Italy, and a kynde of the same in Germany.

Colutea.

Colutea as Ruellius iudgeth is the tree, which is called of the Poticaries Sene, and in englishe Sene, I haue sene it a litle from Bououy in the mount Appennine.

Coniza.

Coniza is of two sortes, the greater and the lesse. I haue sene both the kyndes in Ita∣ly betwene Cremona and Farraria by the Padus banke, the lesse groweth muche in Germany by the Rhene, they are both hote and dry in the thyrde degree. Coniza maye be called in englishe Flebayne.

Consiligo.

Consiligo whereof is made mention in Cohimella and Pleme, is the herbe whiche is called in english hearfot, in duch Christ∣wurtz, in frenche Pate d••lyon.

Conuoluulus.

Conuoluulus called in greeke Helxine Cissampelos, it is the herbe which is called of the herbaries Volubilis, in english with∣wynde or byndeweede, in duche Winden, in french Lizet, lizeron, or campanet. Cōnol∣uulus wyndeth it selfe aboute herbes and busshes.

Coriandrum.

Coriādrū or Corianū is called in greeke Coriō & corianō, in englishe Colāder or cori∣ander,

in duch koriāder, & in french coriādre. It is hote in the fyrst degree after Auerrho∣is, I thynke that he meaneth of the seede

Cornus.

Cornus is called in greke crania, in duch thierlinbaume, in frēch Coruner or coriner, the male of thys kynde haue I sene ofte in Germany, but neuer yet in Englande. It maye be called in englishe longe chery tree. The female is plētuous in Englande & the buchers make prickes of it, some cal it Ga∣drise or dog ••ree, howe be it there is an other tree that they cal dogrise also.

Corunopus.

Coronopus named in greke coronopous is called in Cambryge, herbe Iue, and it myghte also wel be named crowfore wey∣breade, it groweth muche aboute Shene a∣boue London, it loueth wel to growe by the sea bankes also.

Corylus.

Corylus called in greeke Carya Pōtike, is called in englishe an Hasyle tree, in duche Ein hasesstād, in french couldre. The fruite of thys is called in latin, Auellana.

Crataeogonum.

Cataeogonū siue crataegonum, is the herbe which the herbaries name Parsicari∣am, englishe men cal Arssinerte, duche men

floechkraut, and frenche men Rassel and cu∣rage, it groweth in watery & moyst places.

Crithmus.

Crithmus named also crithamus & Ba∣tis is called in englishe Sampere, it is na∣med of some Herbaries creta marina, it gro¦weth much in rockes & cliffes beside Douer

Crocus.

Crocus is named in greeke Crokos, in englishe Saffron or safforne, in duche, Sa∣ffran, in frenche Safrone, it is hote in the se∣conde degree and dry in the fyrst.

Cucumis.

Cucumis is called in greeke Sicyos or Sicys, in english a cucummer, in duch Cu∣cumren, in french a cōcombre. It is in a ma∣ner colde and moyst in the seconde degree.

Cucumis syluestris.

Cucumis syluestris called in greeke Si∣cys agrios, & of other cucumis anguinus, of the cōmō Herbaries Asininus, groweth plē∣tuously aboute Bonony in Italy, & in some gardines in Englande. It maye be called in englishe wylde cucummer or leapyng cucu∣mer. It is hote in the seconde degree.

Cucurbita.

Cucurbita is called in greeke Colocyn∣the, in englishe a Gourde, in duche Kurbsz, intrenche Courge, a Gourde is colde and

moyste in the seconde degree.

Cucurbita syluestris.

Cucurbita syluestris is called in greeke Colocynthis, it is called in englishe, and of the apoticaries coloquintida. It groweth in certeyne gardines in Germany.

Cuminum.

Cuminum is called in greeke Cyminon in englishe cummyn, in duche cummich or cumyn, in frenche cumyne. Cumine is hote in the thyrd degree, it groweth in Candy, I haue not sene it in Englande.

Cupressus.

Cupressus is named in greeke Cypa∣rissos, in englishe a cypresse tree. Cypresses growe in great plentie in my Lordes graces gardine at Syon.

Cyanus.

Cyanus is named in greeke Cyanos, in english Blewbottel or a blewblaw, in duch Blaw Cornblowmē, in french Blaueole, or blanet, the herbe groweth among the corne.

Cyclaminus.

Cyclaminus otherwyse called Ichthy∣oteron, Rapum terre, vmbilicus terre, pa∣nis porcinus, is named in duche erd apsel∣seubrot, in french payne de porceu, it gro∣weth plentuously besyde Bonony in the mount Appenine, and in swechyrlande be∣syde

Wallense, I heare saye that it groweth also in the welt countrey of Englande, but I haue not hearde yet the englishe name of it. Me thynke that it might wel be called in englishe Rape Violet because it hath a roote lyke a Rape & floores lyke a Violet or sow∣brede. It is hote and dry in the begynnynge of the thyrde degree.

Cynaglossus.

Cynaglossus the second of Plenie, which he describeth to haue litle bures, is the cōmō cynaglossus, whiche the Paticaries vse, and is called in englishe Houndes tong or dogs tonge. It groweth in sandy groundes and about cities & townes, I haue not sene that I wotte of yet cynaglossum Tioseoridis, whiche hath no stalke at al.

Cynorrhodus.

Cynorrhodus named of the latines Ro∣sa canina, is called in englishe a swete brere or an Eglentyne, in duche wylde Rosen or Eglenter, in trenche Rose sauage or eglen∣tier. It groweth in Germany muche in the fieldes and in gardines in Englande.

Cyperus.

Cyperus is called in latin Iuncus angu∣losus, in english, englishe Galāgal, in duch wyld Galgē, in frēch Souchet. The best & rightest Cyperus groweth in Rome in cer∣teyne

gardines. One kynde of it which we call Galangal groweth in many gardines in Englande. Cyperus Babilonions is the commune Balanga solde in the Puticaries shoppes, after Ruellus and after the same, cyperus indicus is a roote called of the Po∣ticaries curcuma. Cyperus is hote & dry.

Cytisus.

Cytisus groweth plentuously in mount Appennine, I haue had it also growyng in my gardine in high Germany, I haue not sene it in Englande. Cytisus may be called in englishe tretrifoly.

Daphnoides

Daphnoides called of the commune sort Laureola, in englishe, Lauriel, Lorel or Lou∣ry, groweth plētuously in hedges in Eng∣land, and some abuse the seede of it for coe∣cognidio.

Daueus.

There are many kyndes of Daueus af∣ter Dioscorides, three at the least, wherof I knowe none suerly but one, whiche is called in latin pastinaca syluestris, in english wild carot, & in greeke Staphilitios agrios, for the other kindes ye may vse carawey seede, or carot seede. Some learned mē not with∣out a cause hold that both the Saxifrages, that is the englishe, and the Italion may be

occupied for Daueo. Daucus is sharpe and heateth.

Dictamnus.

Dictamnus groweth in Cādy and hath rounde thicke rough leaues, I haue not sene It growyng, but dry ofte. It may be had in Venice & at Anwerp. Some abuse for thys Fracinella, Dictamnus maye be named in englishe righte Dittany, for some cal Lepi∣dium also Dittany.

Dipsacos.

Dipsacos called in latin Labrum Vene∣ris, is called in english wilde Tasel, in duch Karten distel, in french Chardō a Carder. it groweth by dich sides & in watery groun¦des, it is dry in the second degree. The cōmō Herbaries cal this herbe Virgam pastoris.

Dracunculus.

Dracunculus is named in greeke Dra∣contia, in englishe Dragon, in duche grosse naterwurtz, in french Serpētarie. The Po∣ticaries cal it Serpentariā maiorem. It gro¦weth onely in gardines in Englande, it is sharper then Aron.

Dryopteris.

Dryopteris groweth in olde Okes and in olde walles with wal Saxifrage & Tri∣chomanes in Louā and Auwerp. Some ab∣use it for ryght Venus heir. I haue founde

it in bushe rootes ofte tymes in Germany, it may be called in englishe petie Ferne, or okeferne.

Ebulus.

Ebulus is called in greeke Chameacte, in english Walwurt or Danewurt, in duch Allich, in frenche Hieble, it groweth abrode in Cambryge fieldes in great plentie.

Elatine.

Elatine is lyke wythwynde, but it hath seedes and floures lyke Buckwheate, it gro¦weth amonge the corne & in hedges, it maye be named in englishe running Buckwheate or bynde corne, it is colde in the roote.

Elioselinum.

Elioselinum is called in latin Paluda pi∣um of Gaza, it is called in englishe Smal∣lage, it groweth in watery places and also in gardines. Some haue taken thys for A∣pio, but the errour was not very greate be∣cause they are lyke in strength.

Ephemerum non lethale.

Ephemerū is called in duch meyblumle, in french Muguet. It groweth plentuously in Germany, but not in England that euer I coulde see, sauynge in my Lordes gardine at Syon. The Poticaries in Germany do name it Litium cōnallium, it maye be called in englishe May Lilies.

Erice.

Erice is called in greeke Ereice, it is na∣med in english Heth hather, or ling, in duch Heyd, in french Bruyer, it groweth on fr••th and wyld mores, some use to make brusshes of heath both in Englād and in Germany.

Eruca

Eruca is named in greeke Euzomos, in englishe rokket, in duch also rokket, in frēch Roquetie. After Dioscorides & Plinie there are two kyndes of rokket. The one is gar∣dine Rokket, whiche is muche greater then the other, & it hath a white leafe, some abuse thys for whyte mustarde. The other kynde called in latin Eruca syluestris, is cōmune∣ly called in englishe Rokket, it hath a yea∣lowe floure, & both these kyndes are founde no where in Englande, sauynge onely in gardines.

Eruilia.

Eruilia groweth in Italy, I haue had it also growynge in my gardine in Colon. If is lyke a pease, the shale is roughe wythin, and the seede hath litle blacke spottes in it, It maye be called in englishe peale eruyle.

Eruum.

Eruum is named in greeke Orobos, it groweth in Italy and in highe Germany aboute Mense, it is greater & bytterer then

a Fych, it maye be called in englishe bitter Fyche. Bitter Fyche dryeth farre in the se∣conde degree, and is hote in the fyrst.

Eryngium.

Eryngium is named in englishe sea Hul∣ner or sea H••lly, it groweth plentuously in Englande by the sea syde. The herbes that Fuchsius and Riffius paint for Eryngium are not the true Eryngium.

Euonymus.

Euonymus is called of some wryters Fusago or Fusaria, it is a very brytel tree yealow within & the yonge braūches which come streyghte from the roote are al foure square, wherfore some cal it Euonomum, I haue sene it betwene Barkway and Ware in the hedges. It maye be called in englishe Spyndle tree or square tree.

Eupatorium.

Eupatorium named in greeke Eupato∣rion, is called in english Agrunony, in duch Agrimonien, in frenche Aigremoine. Thys is not Eupatorium Mesues, for that is cal∣led in englishe Maudlene. It is hote in the fyrst degree.

Faba.

Faba is named in greeke Cyainos, in en¦glishe a beane, in duche Ein bou, in frenche

Febue. Beanes growe in al coūtre is in plē∣tie inough.

Fagus.

Fagus is named in greeke Phegos, in duch Ein buchbaume, in french Fan. Bech trees growe plentuously in many places of England. Two of the greatest that euer I sawe, growe at Morpeth on .ij. hylles right ouer the Castle.

Ferula.

Ferula is called in greeke Narthex, but howe that it is named in englishe, as yet I can not tel, for I neuer sawe it in Englande but in Germany in diuerse places. It maye be named in englishe herbe Sagapene or Feuel gyante, it is hote and maketh suttle.

Ficus.

Ficus is called in greke Syce, in english a fig tree, in duch Ein fygē baume, in frēch vng figuer. There are diuers Fyg trees in Englande in gardines, but no where els.

Ficus Aegyptia.

Ficus Aegyptia is called also Morus Aegyptia and Sycomorus, it is one tree, ha¦uyng a name of a Fyg tree and a Mulbery tree, wherefore it may be called a Mulbery fyg tree, it is to be found in Aegypt, but not in thys parte of Europa that I knowe of.

Filix.

Filix is called in greeke Pieris, in english a Ferne or a brake, in duche Ein walt farn, in frenche Fauchier. There are two kindes of brakes. The one kynde is called in latin Filix mascula and in greeke Pteris, it gro∣weth communely vpon stones, it is al ful of litle wynges euen from the roote. The se∣conde kynde is called in greeke Thelypte∣ris, in latine Filix femina, thys is the com∣mune Ferne or brake, whiche the Northerne men cal a bracon. It hath a long bare stalke and the leaues onely on the toppe of that.

Filicula.

Filicula is called in greeke Polypodion, in inglishe Polipodium or walferne, in duche Engelsuet, in frēch Polypody. It groweth in Oke trees, and in olde walles. It dryeth wythout bytyng.

Feniculum.

Feniculum is called in greke Marathrō, in english Fenel or fenkel, in duch Fenchel, in french Fenoul. Fenel is hote in the thyrd degree and dry in the fyrst. Feuel groweth in gardines in al countreis.

Fenum grecum.

Fenum grecum is called in greeke Te∣lis, in englishe Fenegreeke, in duche Buhs∣horne, in frenche Fenecreke. It groweth in Italy, and in Germany. Fenegreke is hote

in the seconde degree and dry in the fyrste.

Fragraria.

Fragraria is called in english a strawbe∣ry leafe, whose fruite is called in englishe a strawbery, in duche Erdeber, in frenche Fraysne. Euery man knoweth wel inough where strawberies growe.

Fraxinus.

Fraxinus is called in greeke Melia, in english an Ashe tree, in duch an Ashe baume in frenche Fraisne. Asshes growe in euery countrey.

Galion.

Galion or gallion is named in englishe in the North countrey Maydens heire, in duch Be hstrowe, in french Petit Muguet. It groweth muche in busshes and it is lyke Goosgrasse or gooshareth.

Galeopsis.

Galeopsis after my iudgemente is the herbe, whiche is called in englishe red Ar∣chaungel. It is lyke Archaungel, but it hath a purple floure, and lesse leaues and shorter. It groweth in hedges.

Genista.

Genista is named in englishe Broume, in duch Genist, in frēch Dugenet. Broume groweth in al countreis of England, where as I haue ben. Genista is not Spartum, as

I shall proue in my latine Herball.

Gentiana.

Gentiana called in greeke Gentiane, is called in englishe Gentiane, in duche Enti∣an, in frēch de la entienne. It groweth much in the Alpes, and a basterde kinde of it gro∣weth in the middowes about Bon.

Geranium.

Geranium is of two kynd••s. The one kynde is called Pinke nedle or Cranes byl, the other is called Pes columbinus of the commune Herbaries, and it maye be called in englishe Douefote.

Gethium.

Gethium is called in englishe a Syue, a¦chiue, or a ciuet, in duche Suitlauch, in frēch Ciues & cucions. Ciues growe only in gar∣dines that I know of, in Englād, but a litle aboue Bon they growe in great plentie by the Rhene syde vnset or sowen.

Geum.

Geum is called in englishe Auennes, in duch Benedictē kraut, in french Salmond. It is named of the herbaries Garyophylla∣ta Sanamunda and benedicta. It groweth communely about hedges.

Gingidium.

Gingidium except I be deceyued with a great sort of learned mē, is the herbe whiche

is called in englishe Cheruel, in duche Ker∣uel oder korbel kraute, in frenche Cerfuile. Cheruel is called of some wryters Chere∣phillum, & of the cōmune sorte Lerefolium.

Git.

Git is named in greeke Melanthion, in englishe herbe Git or Nigella romana, in duche Schwartz kummich, in frenche Niel. It groweth in gardines onely that I haue sene, sauynge that in Germany there gro∣weth in the corne fieldes after the corne is caried away a certeyne kinde of Git which hath a good sauour, & is in al poyntes lyke the gardine Nigella, sauynge that the ve∣selles whiche holde the blacke seede are not al in one, as the other haue, and smelleth not so wel ful out, as the other do. It is hote & dry in the thyrde degree.

Glastum.

Glastū is called in greke Isatis, in english wad, & not Ode as some corrupters of the englishe tonge do nikename it, in duch waid or weid, in french Guesde. Wad is cōmō in Iuliker land, & some is now set in England. The wild wad groweth plētuously in Ger¦many beside the Rhene, & in many corne fiel¦des in hye Almany. Wyld wad is called in englishe ashe of Hierusalē. It dryeth muche.

Glaux,

Glaux is very straunge in Englande, for I neuer sawe the ryghte Glaux in Eng∣land, sauing it that was brought out of Ita¦ly by Iohn Falconer. It groweth in Flaū∣ders by the sea syde, as I remēbre .iij. myles frō Dunkyrke. It may be called in englishe sea Trifoly.

Glycyrrhiza.

Glycyrrhiza called in latin Radix dulcis is named in english Lycores, in duch Suesz∣holtz, or Lycoris or Clarish, in frenche Er∣culisse or Rigolisse. It groweth in the Roc∣kes of Germany wythout any settynge or sowyng. It is warme and in a maner hote.

Gossipium.

Gossipiū is called of Barbarus wryters, Bombax and Cotonum, in englishe Coton in greeke Pylon, in duche Baumewoll, in frenche ducotton. I neuer sawe it growyng sauyng onely in Bonony.

Gramen.

Gramen is called in greeke Agrostis, in english great grasse, in duch, grasse. Some take Stichwurt for the true grasse, but they are deceyued. The best Gramen and moste agreyng with Dioscoridis description, dyd I see in Germany with other maner of roo¦tes, then the commune grasse hath.

Halimus.

Halimus groweth plentuously in the Ilan∣des of east Freselande where as the inhabi∣ters make verince of the red beries. I haue sene it also in Flaunders by the sea syde. It maye be called in englishe sea wyllowe or prickwylowe because it hath the leaues of a wylowe and prickes lyke a thorne.

Heliotropium.

Heliotropiū called also scorpyuros gro∣weth plentuously aboute Bonony. I haue had it growynge muche in my gardine in Germany. They are foully deceyued and shamefully deceyue other whiche holde in their wrytynges that our Marigold is He∣liotropium Dioscoridis. Heliotropium mai be called in englishe Scorpiones tayle. It is hote in the thyrde degree & dry in the second.

Helxine.

Helxine or pardition is called in englishe Par••etorie or Pelletorie of the wal, in duche saynt Peters kraut, or Tag vnd naught, in frenche Du parietaire. The Herbaries cal it Parietariam. It groweth on walles.

Hieracium.

Hiera cium is of two kyndes. The one is called in latin Hieracium magnum. It may be called in englishe greate Haukweede or yealowe Succory. It groweth in Germa∣ny about Colō. The second is like Dande∣lyon,

it groweth in many myddowes in Germany. I thynke it maye be founde also in Englande. It maye be called in englishe lesse Hauke weede.

Hippoglossum.

Hippoglossum is called of the Poticaries and the Herbaries of Germany and Italy Vnularia, in duche Zaflinkrant. I haue not sene it in England. It is called of some wri∣ters Laurus alixandrina. It maye be called in english Tonge Laurel because it hath li∣tle leaues lyke tonges growyng out of the greater leafe, whiche is lyke a Laurel leafe. It is manifestly hote.

Hirundinaria.

Hirundinaria called in greeke Chelido∣nion, is of .ij. kyndes. The one kinde, that is the greater, is called in english Selē••••e, in duch Schelwurtz, in frenche Theliddine or Esclere. It groweth in hedges in the spring & hath yealowe iuce. The second kynde cal∣led in latin Chelidonium minus, is called in englishe Fygwurte, it groweth vnder the shaddowes of ashe trees. It is one of the fyrst herbes that hath floures in the spring. Celendine is hote & dry in the thyrd degree. Hixundinaria minor is hote in the fourth degree.

Hordeum.

Hordeum called in greeke Crithe, in en∣glishe Barley, in duche Gerst, in frenche Orge, it is of diuerse kyndes. The fyrste kinde is called in latin Hordeum distichum, in englishe Barley. The seconde kynde is called in latin Hordeum tetrastichum, in en∣glishe By Barley or beare, or byg alone. Thys kynde groweth muche in the North countrey. The thyrde kynde is called in la∣tin Hordeum Hexastichum, I haue not sene thys kynde in Englande, but ofte tymes in high Germany, wherfore it maye be called in englishe duch Barley. The fourth kynde is called of Galene in the greeke tonge, Gymnochrithon, in latin Hordeum nudum of other some Hordeum mundum. It maye be called in englishe wheate Barley because it hath no mo Huskes on it thē wheat hath. It groweth in Italy.

Hordeum murinum.

Hordeum murinum, whiche Plenie cal∣leth also Phenicea semeth to be in Diosco∣rides Phenix, as touchynge the name, but in the thynge they seme somewhat to vary, for Phenicea or Hordeum murinum of Ple∣nie, is the wal Barley, whiche groweth on mud walles. Phenix Dioscoridis semeth to be the herbe which is called in Cābrig shire Way bent. It is like vnto barlei in the eare

Hyacinthus.

Hyacinthus verus groweth plentuously in the mount Appēnine. The cōmune Hya∣cinthus is muche in Englande aboute Sy∣on and Shene, and it is called in Englishe crowtoes, and in the North partes Craw∣tees. Some vse the rootes for glue.

Hyosiris.

Hyosiris is a litle rough herbe like Dan∣delyon, lesse then litle Haukeweede. It gro∣weth in baron groundes & in sandy diches.

Hypericon.

Hypericon is called of barbarus writers Fuga demonum, in englishe saynte Iohans wurte or saynt Iohans grasse, in duch saynt Iohans kraute. It groweth cōmunely in al places of Englāde, & especially in woddes.

Hissopus.

Hissopus is called in englishe Hysope, in duch Ispe, in french Dehylope. Hysope gro∣weth in gardines onely, in Englande as far as I haue sene.

Iasme.

Iasminū otherwyse called Iasme, is cal∣led in englishe Gethsamyne, in frenche Ia∣semin. It groweth communely in gardines about London.

Iberis.

Iberis otherwyse named Kardamantike

groweth plentuously in Germany aboute Bon where as it is called Besemkraute. It groweth in great plentie in east Freselande aboute the sea bankes. Fuchsius taketh the herbe which I take for Iberis, to be Thla∣spi secundum.

Intubus.

Intubus whiche is named in greeke Se∣ris, is of two sortes. The one is called Intu¦bus hortensis, and the other is called Inty∣bus syluestris. Intybus hortensis is of two sortes, the one is called Endyue, or whyte Eudyue, & the other is called gardine Suc∣cory. Intybus syluestris is of two sortes, the one is called in latin Cichorium, and in englishe Succory or hardewes, and the o∣ther is called of Theophrastus Aphaca, of Plinie Hedypnois, in englishe Dan de lyon or priestes crowne, in duche Pfaffenblat, it groweth euery where. These kyndes are colde and dry about the seconde degree.

Inula

Inula is called in greeke Helenion, in en∣glishe Alecampane, or Elecampane, in duch Alantz wurtz, in frenche, and in the Potica∣ries shopped Enula cāpana. It is hote and dry in the seconde degree.

Irio.

Irio is named in greeke Erisimō, in en∣glishe

wynter cresse, it groweth about tow∣nes and aboute water sydes, but not where as the water cometh, as watercresse doeth. The Coloners cal this herbe winter cersse.

Inglans.

Inglans called also Nux regia, & in greke Carya Basilica is called in english a Wal∣nut tree, in duche Em nosz baume, in french Vng noier.

Iuncus odoratus.

Iuncus odoratus siue rotundus, is called in greeke Schenos, in englishe squinant, in duche Kamelhewe, in the Poticaries shop∣pes Squinantum. It is measurably hote & byndynge.

Iuniperus.

Iuniperus is called in greke Arcenthus, in englishe ieneper or iuniper, in duche Rek∣holterbaume, in frenche Geneure. It gro∣weth muche in Germany and in many pla∣ces of Englande also. It is hote and drye in the thyrde degree.

Labrusca.

Labrusca whiche is called in greeke Am∣pelos agria or Omphax, is of two sortes, the one kynde is so wylde that it hath onely floures and goeth no further, and thys is called Enāthe. The other hath floures and also litle grapes. I haue sene of both the sor∣tes

plētuously in Italy in diuerse places, by the floude Padus, and in highe Almany al∣so. It may be called in englishe a wild vine.

Lactuca.

Lactuca called in greeke Thridax, in en∣glishe Lettis, in duch Lattich, in french Vng laictue, is of diuerse sortes. One is called in latin Lactuca capitata, and in english Cab∣bage lettis, an other is called in latin Lactu∣ca sessilis, in englishe spredynge Lettis. The thyrde sorte is called in latin Lactuca sylue∣stris, in englishe grene Endyue, the Potica∣ries haue longe abused thys herbe for right Endyue, but they haue bene deceyued. It is measurably colde and moyst.

Lagopus

Lagopus called also Logopyros gro∣weth much amōg the corne, it hath a rough toppe lyke Doune, and leaues lyke a Cla∣uer, wherfore it maye be named in englishe rough Trifoly or harefote, the duch mē cal it. Katzenklee, the french men Pede de leure. It dryeth manifestly.

Lamium.

Lamium called also Vrtica iners and A∣uonium, is named in englishe dead nettle or whyte nettle, in duche Weiszueslen, in frēch Ortie morte, it groweth cōmōly in hedges

Lampsana.

Lampsana Plinij, semeth to be the weede that we cal communely in englishe wylde Cole, and in other places Carlocke, it gro∣weth cōmunely amonge the corne. Diosco∣rides describeth one wyth smouther leaues whiche I haue sene in Bonony and in Co∣lon also.

Larix.

Larix or larex groweth in the highest top∣pes of the Alpes higher then the fyrres do, the duch mē cal Laricem ein larchen baume, the frenche men cal it Vularge. It maye be called in englishe a Larche tree.

Laserpitium gallicum.

Laserpitium gallicum as Ruellius iud∣geth, is the herbe called of the Herbaries Angelica, but I rather holde wyth Fuchsi∣us whiche sayeth that the herbe, whiche en∣glishe mē cal Pillitorie of Spayne, the duch men Meisterwurtz, the Herbaries Ostur∣tium and magistrancia, is Laserpitium gal∣licum, for the leaues of it are lyker vnto Perseley.

Lathyris.

Lathyris is called in englishe commune∣ly Spourge, in duch Sprynkorner, in frēch Espurge. It is called of some Esula maior. Thys kynde of Spurge hath swete seedes as witnes Dioscorides and Plinie.

Lauer.

Lauer or Sion is called of some englishe men Bellragges, of other some yealowe watercresses. Howe be it there is an other herbe lyke Rocket whiche groweth in the waters and brokes, which is the ryght wa∣tercresse. Yealowe water cresse groweth in water sydes and in sprynges & wel heades.

Laurus.

Laurus is called in englishe a Baye tree, or a Laurel tree, in greeke Daphne, in duche a Lorber baume, in french Vnglaurier. Bay trees are cōmune in gardines in the South parte of Englande, but they are very skarse in Germany. It is vehemently hote & drye.

Lens.

Lens is named in greeke Phacos, in en∣glishe Lentil, in duche Liuses, in french Len∣tille. Lentilles are sowen in corne fieldes and growe as Tares do.

Lens palustris.

Lens palustris called in greeke Phacos epiton telmatō, is called in english Duckes meate or water Lēulles, in duch wasser liuse

Lentiseus

Lentiscus is called in greeke Schinos, in duche Mastix baume, in frenche Lentisque, I neuer sawe it sanynge onely in Italy. It maye be called in englishe Mastike tree.

Lepidium.

Lepidium is wel knowen in Englande and is called wyth a false name Dittany, duche men cal it Pfefferkraut, it groweth in Morpeth in Northumberlande by a water called Wanspeke in great plētie alone with out any settyng or sowyng. It is hote in the fourth degree.

Libanotis.

Libanotis called in latin Rosmarinus is of .iij. kyndes, where we haue none sauyng only Rosmarinum Coronarium, which we cal in englishe Rosmary, whiche groweth plentuously in gardines in Englande. It is hote in the seconde and dry in the fyrst.

Lichen is called in englise Liuerwurte, in duch Steinliberkraut, in french Hepatique, the Poticaries cal it Hepaticā. It groweth vpon stones and moyst groundes, & where as the sunne cometh not.

Ligusticum.

Ligusticum or Libysticum groweth nei∣ther in England nor Germany that euer I could see or heare tel of. I haue sene it in I∣taly, but no where els. It maye be called in englishe Lumbardy Louage, it is manifest∣ly hote.

Ligustrum.

Ligustrum is called in greke Cypros, in

englishe Prim print or Priuet, though Eli∣ote more holdely then lernedly, defēded the contrary as I shal proue in my latin herbal when it shal be set fourth.

Lilium.

Lilium is named in greke Crinon, in en∣glishe a Lily, in duche Ein gilgen, in french Vng Lis.

Limonium.

Limonium named of the Herbaries Vy∣rola, is named in duch wintergrowē, it gro¦weth in woddes in Germany in great plē∣tie, and in an Iland of east Freseland called Nordeney. It maye he called in englishe wyntergreue.

Linum.

Linum is called in englishe Flax, lyne or lynte, in duche Flachs, in frenche du lyne.

Lithospermon.

Lithospermon is called of the Herbaries M••in•••• solis, in englishe Grummel, but it shoulde be called Gray myle, in duch steen∣somē, in frenche Gre myl. It groweth plē∣tuously aboute woddes and busshes.

Lolium.

Lolium is named in greke Ara, in english Darnel, in duch Kaweitzē or Lulch, or dort in frcēh Some take cockel for lolio, but thei are far deceyued as I shal declare at large

if God wil, in my latin herbal. Darnel gro¦weth amonge the corne and the corne goeth out of kynde into Darnel.

Lotus vrbana.

Lotus vrbana called in greeke Lotos emeros is not growynge in Englande that euer I could spie. It groweth in Ferraria in the blacke friers gardine, and in clauēna, it is lyke cuckowes meate, but that it hath a yealow floure. It may be named in english gardine Clauer or gardine Trifoly.

Lotus syluestris.

Lotus syluestris is called in greke Lotus agrios, in duche stund kraute, in Freseland, wyt Nardus. It groweth muche in east Freselande in gardines, of thys kynde are the herbes whiche are callad here in english Melilotes. Thys herbe groweth nowe in Syon gardine. It maye be called in english wylde lote.

Lupus salictarius.

Lupus salictarius is named in greeke Bryon, in englishe hoppes, in duche hopten in frenche Hupelon. Hoppes do growe by hedges and bussnes both set and baset.

Lycopsis.

Lycopsis Dioscoridis semeth to be vnto Ruellius, and to diuerse other learned men Lynaglossa, of the Poticaries which is cal∣led

in englishe Houndes tonge, & after my iudgemente the description in al poyntes a∣greeth wel sauyng that there is no mention made of the burres in the toppes.

Lycopus.

Lycopus is called of the commune Her∣baxies Cardiaca, in englishe Motherwurt, in duche Hertzgespan, in frenche Agri pal∣ma. It groweth in hedges & about walles.

Lysimachia.

Lysimachia is of two sortes. The one is described of Dioscorides, and it hath a yea∣lowe floure. Some cal it Lycimachiam lu∣team, it groweth by the Temes syde beside Shene, it may be called in englishe yealow Louss••ryfe or herbe Wylowe. The other kynde is described of Plinie, and it is called Lysimachia purpurea, it groweth by water sydes, also and maye be called in englishe red loosstryfe, or purple losestryfe.

Malua.

Malua is called in greeke Malache, in englishe a Mallowe or a Mallo. Malua is deuided into Maluam hortensē and syl∣uestrem. Malua hortēsis is of two kindes. The one is called alone in greeke Malache in englishe Holyhoke, and of thys sort is the iagged mallowe. The other kynde as Pli∣nie sayeth is called in greeke Molloche, or

malope, it is called in englishe french Mal∣lowe. Malua syluestris is of .ij. sortes. The one is called in latin Malua sylueliris, in greeke Malache Chersaia, in Englishe a wylde Mallowe, in duche Halen pappel, in frenche Malue sauage. The other kynde is called of Dioscorides Althea & Hibiscus, of Plinie Aristalthea, of Galene Anaden∣dron, of Etius Deudromalache, in englishe marrishe Mallowe.

Mandragoras.

Mādragoras is called in english a Mā∣drage, Mādraḡ is wel knowen in Englād, & it groweth in diuerse gardines. The duch men cal it Alram. Maudrage is colde in the thyrde degree, but the Apples haue some heate in them.

Marrubium.

Marrubium is called in greeke Prasion, in englishe Horehound, in duch Wesen An∣dorn, in french Du marrubium, it groweth aboute townes and villages. It is hote in the seconde degree and dry in the thyrde.

Medica.

I haue not sene Medicā growe in Englād, wherfore I knowe no englishe name that it hath. It hath leaues like a clauer and horned cods wherin it hath sede somthing facioned lyke Fenegreekt. Therfore it maye be cal∣led

in englishe horned Clauer or snail Tri∣foly because the coddes are so wrythen in a∣gayne as a water snayle or saynte corniliu∣sses horne. It groweth in many places of Italy.

Malus.

Malus is named in greke Melea, in en∣glishe an Apple tree, in duche Eiu Opfel bauine, in frenche vn pommier.

Malus medica.

Malus medica otherwise called Malus Assyria, or Citrus is called an Orenge tree and vnder the name of Citrus are contey∣ned both Limoues & also Lytrones & Orē∣ges. These trees grow in Spayne & Italy.

Malus Cotonea.

Malus Cotonea is called in greeke Me∣lea Cydonios, in englishe a Quince tree, in duch Kuttē baume or ein quiddē baume, in frenche Vn Coignier.

Malus Persica.

Malus persica is called in greeke Me∣lea Persice, in englishe a Peche tree, in duch Ein pfersike baume, in french vn Perchier.

Malus punica.

Malus Punica is called in greeke Roia in englishe a Pomgranat tree, in duche Em Graunat baume, in french Vng Pomier des granades, Pomgarnat trees growe plen∣tuously

in Italy and in Spayne, and there are certayne in my Lordes gardine at Sy∣on, but their fruite cometh neuer vnto per∣fection. The poticaries cal the fruite of this tree Pomum granatum.

Malus armeniaca.

Malus armeniaca is called in Greeke, Melea armeniace, in highe duche Land ein amarel baume, in the dioses of Colōkardu∣melker baume, in frēch Vng abricottier, and some englishe mē cal the fruite an Abricok. Me thynke seinge that we haue very fewe of these trees as yet, it were better to cal it, an hasty Peche tree because it is lyke a pech and it is a great whyle rype before the pech trees, wherfore the fruite of thys tree is cal∣led malum precox. There are in Colō great plentie of hasty peche trees.

Melfrugum.

Melfrugum named in greeke Meleas, sitos groweth muche in Germany besyde Bon, and that alwayes amonge the corne it is very lyke the commune Melilote, but that it hath whyte floures. It maye be cal∣led in englishe whyte melilote.

Meutha.

Meutha is called in greeke Ediosmos, in englishe Mynte, in duche muntzen, in french dela ment. Mynt is cōmō inough in

al countreis. Mynte is hote in the thyrde degree.

Menthastrum.

Menthastrum is called in greeke Edi∣osmos agrios, in englishe wylde mynte, it groweth in watery places wyth a rounde leafe & thycke with a longe eare in the top.

Mercurialis.

Mercurialis is called in greeke Ermou∣poa or Linozostis, in englishe Mercury, in duche Recroute and Bingelkraute, in frēch mercuriallo. The herbe whiche is cōmune∣ly called in englishe mercury hath nothyng to do wyth mercurialis, whereof I spake nowe. Let the Poticaries vse thys mercury and let the commune mercury alone. Mer∣cury is as cōmune about Colon in the gar∣dines, as any weede is commune in gar∣dines in England. It is hote and dry in the fyrste degree.

Mespilus.

Mespilus called in greeke mespile, is of two sortes, the one hath three stones in the fruite, and that kynde is not wyth vs. The other kynde hath in the fruite, fyue stones, and thys kynde is commune in Englande, and it is called in englshe a medler tree or an open ars tree.

Meum.

Meum called of the grecians Meon and Meion is called of the Poticaries Men, in duch Bearwurtz. Some Poticaries in An∣werpe vse thys herbe for Pencedano and so they cal it. I neuer sawe this herbe in Eng∣lande sauynge once at sayute Oswarldes where as the inhabiters called it Speknel, it groweth in greate plentie eighte myle a∣boue Bon in a fielde besyde Slyde in Ger∣many. It maye be called in englishe mewe or duche Dyl. The rootes are hote in the thyrde degree and dry in the seconde.

Milium.

Milium is called in greeke Cegchros, & Piston, in duche Hirsz, in french Du millet. I haue not sene it in Englande, but very muche in high Germany. It maye be called in englishe Hirse or millet.

Milium indicum,

Milium indicum is nowe muche sowen in Italy, and it is in some gardines in Ger∣many where as it is called turkishe corne, and some cal it in Englande wheate of tur∣key. Howe be it there is an other thynge that is the true turkish wheate, it were bet∣ter to cal it after my iudgmēt turkish millet

Morus.

Morus is called in greeke morea, in en∣glish a mulbery tree, in duch maulberbaum

〈…〉〈…〉 dines in Englande.

Myrica.

Myrica, otherwyse named tamarix, and of the Herbaries Tamariscus is named in duche tamariske, in frenche tameris. I dyd neuer see thys tree in Englande, but ofte in high Germany, and in Italy. The Potica∣ries of Colon before I gaue them warning vsed for thys, the bowes of vghe, & the Po∣ticaries of London vse nowe for thys quik tree, the scholemaisters in Englanoe haue of longe tyme called myricā heath, or lyng, but so longe haue they bene deceyued al to∣gether. It maye be called in englishe, Ta∣marik.

Myrrhis.

Myrrhis is called in Cābryge shyre ca∣sshes, in other places mockecheruel, in duche wilder Peterlin, in frenche Persil de asne. It groweth in hedges in euery countrey, but the best that euer I sawe was in Germany besyde Bon.

Myrtus.

Myrtus is called in greeke myrrine, in english a myrtle tree, or a myrt tree, in frech meurte. Myrt trees growe in great plentie in Italy in the mount Appenine beside Bo∣••ony. Some al use a litle shrub called Gal

in englishe, whiche groweth in fennes and waterish mores formyr••o, but they are far deceyued.

Napus.

Napus is named in greeke Bounias, in duche Stekruben, in french Ranonet or na∣ueau, I haue hearde some cal it in englishe a turnepe, and other some a naued or a nauet, it maye be called also longe Rape or nauet gentle, as a rape hath a round roote, so hath a nauet a longe roote and somthynge yea∣lowishe. Thys herbe groweth plentuously at Andernake in Germany.

Narcissus.

Narcissus is of diuerse sortes. There is one wyth a purple floure, whiche I neuer sawe, & an other wyth a white floure, which groweth plētuously in my Lordes gardine in Syon, and it is called of diuerse, whyte Laus tibi, it maye be called also whyte da∣ffadyl. Plenie maketh mention of a kynde called Narcissus herbaceus, whiche is after my iudgement our yealowe dasfodyl.

Nardus.

Nardus is named in greeke Nardos, in englishe Spykuarde, the Potecaries name it Spicam Nardi, it groweth not in Euro∣pa that I haue heard tel of. It is hote in the fyrst degree and dry in the seconde.

Nardus celtica.

Nardus celtica, otherwyse called Sali∣unca, is in great plentie growyng in the al∣pes. The Germanes cal it mariend magda¦lene kraut, it may be called in englishe frēch spiknarde, when the indish spiknard is olde and dusty and rotten, it is better to vse thys in medicines then it.

Nasturtium.

Nasturtium is called in greeke Carda∣mon, in englishe Cresse or Kerse, in duche Cressich, in frenche Cresson, Aleuois, and nasitorte. Cresses growe no where, but in gardines. It is drye and hote in the fourth degree after Auerrois.

Nerion.

Nerion otherwyse called Rhododendrō, and Rhododaphne, is named in duch Osā∣der, in frenche Rosage. I neuer sawe it but in Italy. It maye be called in englishe Rose bay tree or rose Laurel. This tree is named of some oleander.

Nux castanea.

Nux castanea is called in greeke Casta∣non, in englishe a Chesnut tree, in duch Ca∣stenē, in frēch, Ong Chastagne. Chesnuttes growe in diuerse places of Englande. The maniest that I haue sene was in Kent.

Nymphea.

Nymphea is also named in greeke nym∣phaia, & madonais & is called in english wa¦ter Roses, & some wyth the Poticaries cal it nenufar. The duch mē cal thys herbe See∣blumen. Boeth the kyndes of water Roses growe in standyng waters.

Ocymum.

Ocymum is called in englishe Basyl, in duche Basilien, in frenche du basilike, the Poticaries cal it Basilicon. It groweth in Englande onely in gardines. It is hote in the seconde degree.

Oenanthe.

Oenanthe is called boeth of the Herba∣ries and of al our countrey men Filipendu∣la, in duch Rotensteynbrech. Some say that the same herbe is called Phellandryon in Plinie. Filipendula groweth in great plen∣tie beside Syon & Shene in the middowes.

Olea.

Olea or oliua is called in greeke Elaia, in englishe an Olyue tree, in duche Ein ol∣banine, in french Ong oliuerier. Oliue trees growe plentuously in Italy.

Olus atrum.

Olus atrum is called in greeke Hypose∣linon, in english Alexāder, in duch schwartz, Petersily or grosse eppich, in frenche mei∣cherō or Alexādry. Some poticaries though

falsly, cal it Petroselinum macedonicum.

Opulus.

Opulus is a tree commune in Italy & Ger¦many, but I haue not sene it that I remem∣bre in Englande. It is called in frenche as Gesnere sayeth opier, and so maye it be also called in english tyl we fynde a better name

Origanum.

Origanum is called in englishe organ, howe be it I neuer sawe the trewe organ in England. I haue sene diuerse times organe whiche grewe in Candy, muche hotter then thys our commune organ is, whiche is cal∣led origanum syluestre in latin, and in some places of England wylde mergerum. It is hote and dry in the thyrde degree.

Orminum.

Orminum is called in english Clarie, in duche Scharlach, in french ornali, howe be it the description of Dioscorides doeth not in al poyntes agree, some cal thys herbe sclareā. Orminū syluestre is supposed to be the herbe, which is called oculus Christi.

Ornithigalum.

Ornithigalon is called in Colon Hondes vllich, but I can not tel howe that it is cal∣led in englishe, for I neuer sawe it in Eng∣lande, sauyng onely besyde Sheue herde by the Temmes syde, howe be it after the fo∣lowynge

of the duche tonge it maye be cal∣led dogleke or dogges onion.

Orobauche.

Orobanche is so rare an herbe in Eng∣lande, that I neuer sawe it in al Englande, but in Northumberlande, where as it was called newe chappel sloure. It may be of his propertie called Chokeweede, because it de∣stroyeth and choketh the herbes that it ty∣eth and claspeth wyth his roote. It is colde and dry in the fyrst degree.

Oryza.

Oryza is called in english Ryse, in duch and french ryze. Ryse groweth plentuously in watery myddowes betwene Myllane and Pauia.

Osyris.

Osyris or osyrias groweth plentuously in Englande, but I do not remembre what name it hath. If it haue no name it maye be called in englishe Lynary or todes flax, for the Poticaries cal it Linaciam, and the duch cal it Krotenflaks.

Oxyacantha.

Oxyacantha is called in englishe as it is named of the poticaries berberes. Of some, pipriges, in duch Santich, in frenche Espi∣neniuet, or de Berberis. Berberies growe wylde in the hedges and woddes in Ger∣many,

but in Englande onely in gardines.

Oxyphenix.

Oxyphenix is called of the Poticaries Tamarindus, and it maye be called in en∣glishe a tamarinde. I neuer sawe the tree it selfe, but the fruite alone. It is colde in the thyrde and dry in the seconde degree.

Oxys.

Oxys is called in english Allelua, Coc∣kowes meate, and wod sorel, in duche Ha∣sen ampfer, in frenche payne de Coquu. It groweth in woddes aboute tree rootes and amonge busshes.

Peonia.

Peonia is also named in greeke Glicysi∣de, it is called in englishe peony or pyony, in duch peonienrose, in french penoisne and pi∣noine. Peony the female groweth in euery countrey, but I neuer sawe the male sauing only in Anwerp. Peony roote is hote in the fyrst and dry in the thyrde degree.

Palma.

Palma is called in greeke phenix, in en∣glish a Date tree, in duch Ein dattel baume in french Vng arbri dict palme. I neuer saw any perfit date tree yet, but onely a litle one that neuer came to perfection. Date trees growe in Asia in great plentie, but none in Europa, whiche brynge furth any fruite.

Panicum.

Panicum is called in greeke Elymos or melinos, in duche Fenike, in french paniz. I haue not sene it in Englande, sauyng in my Lordes gardine a Syon, but it may be cal∣led Panike, it groweth in Italy and in high Almany in the fieldes.

Papauer.

Papauer is called in greeke Mecon, in englishe Poppy or Chesboul, in duch m••g∣som or mansom, in french du pauot. It gro∣weth sowen in gardines.

Papauer erraticum.

Papauer erraticū is called in greeke Ro∣sas, in englishe Redcornrose or wylde popy, in duche wilde man, korne rosen, or klapper rosen.

Papauer corniculatum.

Papauer corniculatum is called in greke mecoon ceratites, in englishe horned poppy or yealow poppy, in duch Gaelmā. It gro∣weth in Douer clyffes, and in many other places by the sea syde. It is cold in the furth degree.

Papyros.

Papyrus groweth not in Englande, it hath the facion of a greate Docke. I haue sene it diuersetymes in Anwerp, wherein was su∣ger and of uerse other marchaundise wrap∣ped.

It maye be called in englishe water pa∣per, or herbe paper.

Parthenium.

Parthenium after the mynde of Hermo∣laus, Ruellius and diuerse other lerned mē, is the herbe which is called in barbarus la∣tin Matricaria, in english feuerfew, in duch Mater, whose iudgemēt I rather alowe in this matter, then the iudgement of Fuchsius whiche would Parthenium to be stynkyng maydweede.

Pastinaca.

Pastinaca is called in greke Staphilinos in englishe a Carot, in duche pasteney, in frenche Cariottes. Carettes growe in al countreis in plentie.

Peplis.

Peplis groweth by the sea syde, not far from Venice. It is very like vnto wartwort but that it is shorter, thicker and spred vpon the grounde. It may be be called in english sea wartwurt.

Peplum.

I neuer sawe peplum but once in Bono∣ny, it had litle smal leaues lyke tyme, and in other facion lyke spourge, wherfore it may be called spourge tyme in englishe, tyl we cā fynde a better name.

Periclymenum.

Periclymenum is called of the herbaries and poticaries Caprifolium and Matrisyl∣na, in english wod bynde and Honysuccles, in duch walt gylgē, in frēch Cheure fuelle. Wodbyne, is commune in euery wodde.

Personata.

Personata is called in greeke Arceion or prosopion, in english a Bur, in duche grosse kletten, in frenche Glerteron or Gluteron. The Herbaries cal it Lappam maiorem. It groweth cōmōly about townes & villages.

Pecasites.

Petasites is called in the South partes of Englande a Butter bur, in the North, it is called about Morpeth Eldeus, the duch cal it pestilentz krante. It groweth in broke sydes and in moyste middowes whiche are ouerflowen some tyme wyth the water. It dryeth in the thyrde degre.

Petroselinum.

Petroselinum named in latine Apium saxatile is not our cōmune persely, as many haue beleued, but it is an other herbe, as I do thynke, whiche is called in some places of Italy Imperatoria. Whiche may be cal∣led in englishe stone persely or Lumberdy persely. I neuer sawe it in England neither in Germany, sauynge onely dry, I proued oftē in Germany, but I coulde neuer make

the seede growe there. For lacke of thys mē maye vse the seede of pilletory of Spayne called masterwurt, or the seede of Angelica. Stone perseley hath seede hote and drye in the thyrde degree.

Peucedanum.

Peucedanum is called in duch harstrang it groweth plentuously in Germany beside Erensfielde ouer agaynste Byng, and also in the middowes beside Mence, called other wyse Maguncia.

Phalaris,

Phalaris is founde in many places of I∣taly. It hath seede like Panicum, wherfore it maye be called in englishe petie panicke, or because it is partly lyke grasse and part∣ly lyke corne, it maye be called grasse corne.

Phasiolus.

Phasiolus otherwyse called Dolichos, maye be called in englishe longe peasen or faselles, in duche it is called Welshe bonem or faeselen, in frenche phaseoles. Faselles grow in great plētie in Italy about Pauia.

Phu.

Phu is called in englishe setwal, of other some Capones tayle, in duche Garten bal∣driane, in frenche Vertentrete. The potica∣ries in Germany cal it Valerianam. There are two other kyndes of Valeriane besyde

thys. Of the whiche, the one is growing a∣bout water sides, and in the moyst plasshes and in morish groundes, and it is called in englishe wylde Valerian. The other kynde is called Valeriana greca, and thys is oure commune Valerian that we vse agaynste cuties wyth a blewe floure.

Phyllitis.

Phyllitis as Cordus iudgeth, is the herbe whiche we cal in englishe Hartes tonge, the duch cal Hirtzē zuingē, the french mē Lang de Cerfe, the poticaries Linguā ceruinam. To whose iudgemente I rather assent, then to Ruellius & Fuchsius. Hartes tonge gro∣weth in welles and olde walles.

Picea.

Picea is called in greeke as Theodore Gaza turneth, pitys, & after Ruellius pence and it is called in duch rottē Dan, wherfore it maye be called in englishe a red fure tree.

Pinus.

Pinus as Theodore translateth, is called in greeke Pence, in englishe a pyne tree, in duch Ein forthen, in french Vng pin. Pines growe fayrest in gardines. There groweth one fayre one in Richmund Pine nuttes are hote and dry.

Piperitis.

Piperitis called also Siliquastrum after

the iudgemente of Fuchsius is the Herbe whiche is called in englishe Indishe peper, in duche indisshouer pfefer. If thys herbe be not it that it is takē for, the yealow seedes whiche nughte to be whyte do onely hyn∣der. The herbe groweth in certeyne gar∣dines in Englande.

Pistacia.

Pistacia are called of the poticaries Fi∣stica, they may be called in english Fistikes or Festike nuttes. I neuer sawe the Fistike tre sauing only in Bonony, the leaues were somthyng rounde and ful of red spottes.

Pisum.

Pisum is called in greeke Lecithos, in en∣glish a pease, in duch Erbes, or Erwiten, in frenche Puis. They growe communely in the fieldes.

Pityusa.

Pityusa is called of some Herbaries E∣sula minor, and in englishe Spourge, but it oughte to be called litle Spourge, or Lint∣spourge, for it hath smal leaues like Flax, or an other herbe called Linaria, whereby the one is ofte taken for the other, but the diffe∣rence is knowen by thys verse. Esula lac∣tescit, Linaria lac dare nescit. The other kinde of this whiche groweth almoste into the heighte of a smal tree, groweth a myle

beneth Colon in a watery closse whiche is ofte ouerflowen wyth the Rhene. It maye be called in englishe, Spourge gyant.

Plantago.

Plantago is called in greeke Arnoglo∣ssos. There are two sortes of Plantaginis, the one is called in englishe alone Plantaine or waybread, or great waybread. The other is called Rybwurte, or Rybgrasse, and of some Herbaries Lancea lata. They are cold and dry in the seconde degree.

Platanus.

Platanus is called in englishe a playne tree, in frēch playne. I neuer saw any plaine tree in Englande sauing once in Northum∣berlande besyde Morpeth, and an other at Barnwel Abbay besyde Cambryge.

Polium.

I haue sene Polium of two sortes, the one had hore leaues with the figure of time, and the other had leaues lyke wyld Tyme, but they were a greate dele lōger and grea∣ter. Polium maye be called in englishe Po∣ly. The fyrst kynde dyd I see in Italy. The second in the Alpes of Rhetia beside Cure. It is hote in the second and dry in the third.

Polygonatum.

Polygonatū is called of Herbaries Si∣gillum Solomonis, in englishe Scala celi,

in duch wisz wuriz. It maye be called in en∣glishe white wurte, it groweth plentuously in the woddes of Germany, but I neuer sawe it out of a gardine in Englande.

Polygonum

Polygonum is called in latine Sangui∣naria. There are two kindes of Polygonū, the former kinde is called in englishe knot∣grasse, or swyne grasse, in duche Weggrasz wegorat or wegtede, in frenche de la corri∣g••••••e. The seconde kynde, whiche is called Polygonum femina is called in Englishe thycke Shanegrasse, or short Shaue grasse. The firste kynde groweth in highe wayes, the seconde kynde groweth in many places by water sides, & some time amōg the corne. Knotgrasse is colde in the seconde degree.

Populus.

Populus is of two kyndes, the fyrste kynde is called in greeke Leuce, in latin Po∣pulus alba, in englishe whyte Popler or white Esptree, in duch wisz sarbach. Thys kynde is cummune about the bankes of the floude Padus. The seconde kynde is called in greeke Aigeiros, in englishe alone, a po∣pler, or an Asp tree, or a blacke popler.

Porrum.

Porrum is named in greke prason, in en∣glishe a Leke, in duche Ein lauch, in frenche

Vng porrean. Besyde the commune Leke there are two other kyndes, the one is cal∣led in latine porrum sectinum, in englishe a frenche Leke. The other kynde is called in greeke Ampelo prason, in latine porrum syluestre, in duch wyld Lanch. I neuer sawe thys kynde but in certeyne closes in Ger∣many aboute Bon. Lekes are hote in the fourth degree.

Potamogeton.

Potamogeton is called in duche Sam∣krante, it maye be named in englishe Pond∣plantayne, or swymmynge plantayne, be∣cause it swymmeth aboue pondes and stan∣dyng waters.

Portualca.

Portulaca is called in english purcellaine, in greeke Andrachne, in duch Burgel gren∣sel, and in neither land purcellane, in french porcellina.

Prunus.

Prunus is called in greeke Coccimelea, in englishe a plum tree, in duche empslan∣men baume, in frenche Vun prunier. Pru∣nus syluestris is called in english a slo tree, or a sle tree.

Psyllium.

Psyllium is called in duch psilien kraut, in french herbe puces or herbe a pulce, it gro¦weth

plentuously in Italy and in certeyne gardines in Germany. It may be called in englishe Flewurte. Flewurt is colde in the seconde degree, and is in a meane tempre in dryinge and moyst makyng.

Pulegium.

Pulegium is called in greeke Glechoon, in englishe Penyryal or puddyng grasse, in duche poley, in french du pouliote. Peny ry∣al groweth in suche diches and watery pla∣ces as are ful of water in wynter, and are dyred vp in the begynnyng of Summer.

Pyrus.

Pyrus is called in greeke Apios, in en∣glishe a Peare tree, in duche ein byrbaume, in frenche Vng poyrier.

Quercus.

Quercus is named in greeke Drys, in english an Oke or an Eke tree, in duche ein eich baume, in frenche vng Chesne.

Quinquefolium.

Quinquefolium is called in greke Pen∣taphyllon, in english Cynkfoly or fyue fyn∣gred grasse, in duche Funffynger krante, in frenche quinte fuele. Cynkfoly is commune in al places.

Radicula.

Radicula called otherwyse Lanaria, is called in greeke struthion, and of the com∣mune

Herbaries it is called Saponaria and Herba fullonum, it groweth in certeine gar¦dines of Germany, but I neuer sawe it in Englād, therfore I know no englishe name for it. Howebeit, if we had it here, it myghte be called in english sopewurt or skowrwurt. It is hote and drye in the thyrde degree.

Radix.

Radix is called in greeke Raphanos, in englishe a radice or radishe, in duche ratrich, in frenche raforte. There are two kindes of radice, the one is the commune radice wyth the longe roote, and that is called in latine Radix Cleonea and algidēsis radix. The o∣ther kynde hath a rounde roote lyke a rape, and thys is called radix Beotia and radix Spriaca. The former kynde groweth com∣munely in Englande, but I haue sene the seconde kynde no where els sauynge onely in high Almany, thys maye be called in en∣glishe an Alman radice, or rape radice. Ra∣dice is hote in the thyrde degree and dry in the seconde.

Ranunculus.

Ranunculus is called in greeke Batra∣chion, in englishe Crowfote or a Gallande. The kyndes of crowfote are al wel inough knowen sauyng the seconde, whiche if it be vnknowen, it maketh no matter, for it hath

more hurte then goodnesse in it.

Rapum.

Rapū or rapas is called in greeke strog∣gyle, in englishe a rape, in duche ein ruben. Rapes are commune in al countreis.

Rhamnus.

Rhamnus groweth in the mount Appē∣nine aboue Bonony, it hath very sharppe prickes, rounde leaues and fruite lyke a li∣tle buckelet. The inhabiters cal it there spi∣nā Christs. Wherefore it maye be called in english Christes thorne, or buckeler thorne.

Rhus.

Rhus after Dioscorides is but of one kynde, but Galene in the boke of the com∣positiō of medicines according to the places nameth two kyndes, the one he calleth Cu∣linaria, and the other Coriaria. Plinie ma∣keth three kyndes of Rhois, of the whiche kyndes I knowe one certaynly, whiche is called of the Poticaries Sinnache, and it maye be so called also in englishe. I haue sene it growyng besyde Bonony in certeine gardines besyde the blacke frieres. I thinke that I knowe also Rhoa Coriariā, for I sup∣pose that the shrubbe which the Italians a∣boute Bonony cal Scotonum and aboute Cremona cal Rhous, is Rhus Coriaria, for the Italians vse the same to tanne lethre

wyth. Thys kynde dyd I fyrste see in Bo∣nony afterwarde besyde Cremona, laste in the rockes besyde Lake de Come. Rhus is drye in the thyrde, and colde in the seconde degree.

Ricinus.

Ricinus is called in greeke Cici or Cro∣toon, in english Palma Christi, or ticke sede because it is lyke a tycke, it is called in duch wunden baume, krentz baume and Zekken corner, in french Palma Christi. It groweth onely in gardines that I haue sene.

Rosa.

Rosa is called in greeke Rhodon, in en∣glish a Rose, in duch ein rosen, in french vne rose. It is colde and drye in the fyrst degree.

Rubia.

Rubia is called in greeke Erythrodanō, in englishe madder, in duche rot, in frenche Garauce. Rubia groweth in diuerse places of Germany in the fieldes in greate plentie both set and vnset. Wilde madder groweth in diuerse wods of Germany, & in greatest plentie about Bon. It is hote in the seconde degree and dry in the thyrde.

Rubus.

Rubus sine sentis is called in greke Ba∣••os, in englishe a Bramble or a blacke bery bush, in duche ein bromber, in frenche rouce.

Rubus canis.

Rubus canis is called in greeke Cynos∣batos, in englishe a Brier tree or an Hep tree, in duche wylde rosen.

Rubus ideus.

Rubus ideus is called in greeke Batos ••daia, in englishe raspeses or hyndberies, in duche hyndberen, in frenche framboise. Ra∣speses growe most plentuously in the wod∣des of east Freselande besyde Aurik, and in the mountaynes besyde Bon, they growe also in certayne gardines of Englande.

Rumex.

Rumex is called in greeke Lapathon, in english a Docke or a docken. There are .iiij. kyndes of Dockes. The fyrst kynde is cal∣led in greeke Oxylapathō, in englishe Wa∣terdocke or sharpdocke. Thys is lesse then Pacience and wyth a sharper toppe or ende of the leafe, and groweth in diches & slowe runnyng waters, The second kynde is cal∣led Rumex satiuus, thys is called in barba∣rus latine Reubarbarum monachorū. The cōmune Docke is of thys same kynde. The thirde kynde is the litle commune Docke. The fourth kinde called in greeke Oxalis, in barbarus latin Acetosa or Acidula, in en∣glishe Sorel or sourdocke, in duche saur ampsfer.

Ruscus.

Ruscus is called of the Poticeries Brus∣cum, in english buchers brome or Petigrue. Petigrue groweth in Kent wilde by hedge sydes, but it beareth no fruite as it doeth in Italy.

Ruta.

Ruta is called in greeke Peganon, in en∣glishe and frenche, Rue and herbe grace, in duche Ruten. Rue is hote and drye in the seconde degree, but wylde Rue is hote and drye in the fourth degree.

Sabina.

Sabina is called in greeke Brathy, in englishe Sanyne, in duche seuinbaume, in frenche sauinera or du sauiner. Sauin gro∣weth in many gardines in Englande. It is hote and drye in the thyrde degree.

Sambucus.

Sambucus or as some wryte Sabucus is called in greeke Acte, in englishe an El∣der tree or a Boure tree, in duche Holde or Hollender, in frenche Vng Susean.

Salix.

Salix is called in greeke Itea, in english a wylow tree, a salowe tree or a saugh tree, in duch weidenbaume, in frēch Vne saulge. Salix as Columella wryteth is deuided into two principal kyndes the one is cal∣led

Perticalis, and the other is called Vi∣minalis. Particalis salix is the greate Wy∣lowe tree whyche hath longe roddes and staues growynge in it. Viminalis is an Osyer tree, suche as bryngeth furth rod∣des that baskettes are made of. Vimina∣lis is of diuerse sortes, the fyrste is called salix greca, the seconde gallica, the thirde sa∣bina. Salix greca whiche is yealowe in co∣loure groweth in east Freselande aboute a Citie called Aurik. Salix gallica whiche hath red twigges groweth in many places of Englande. Salix sabina whiche is also called amerina groweth in Italy and in cer∣teyne places of east Freselande.

Saluia.

Saluia is called in greeke Elelisphacos, in englishe sage or sauge, in duche salbey or selue, in french saulge. It heateth and som∣thynge stoppeth.

Satureia.

Satureia is called in greeke thymbra, in englishe saueray or sauery, in duch saturei, in frenche sarriette. It is hote and dry in the thyrde degree.

Satyrion.

Satyrion is very commune in Germa∣ny, and a certeyne ryghte kynde of the same groweth besyde Syon, it bryngeth furth

whyte floures in the ende of harueste, and it is called Lady traces. The great Satyrion may be called in englishe whyte satyrion or great satyrion. There is an other kynde of Satyrion whiche is called satyrion regale in latine, in duche Kreutzblumen, in frenche du satyrion royal. Thys maye be called in englishe satyrion Ryal or hand satyrion, be∣cause it is like a mannes hande in the roote. Satyrion is hote and very moyst.

Scandix.

Scandix groweth in Germany among the corne. The greatest plētie of it that euer I sawe, was betwene Bon and Popelsdorp in a corne fielde. It may be called in english corne Cheruel. It is hote & dry in the thirde degree.

Secale.

Secale is called in englishe Rye, in duche Roggen or rug, in frenche Segle, There is plentie inough of rye in al countreis, and no where more thē in Germany, that I wotof

Scilla.

Scilla is named of the Poticaries squil∣la, in english a sea Onion, and in some pla∣ces, a french Onyon, in duch Meusz Zwy∣beln. Squilles growe in the sea coste of Spayne in greate plentie. Scilla is hote in the seconde degree.

Scirpus.

Scirpus siue Iuncus is called in greeke Scoinos Eleos, in english a rishe or a rashe, in duche Bauchbint, in frenche Ioue.

Scordium.

Scordium groweth in diuerse places of Germany, & is solde at Franckeforde mart in greate plentie, & I heare saye that it gro∣weth also besyde Oxforde. It is called in duche Wasser batenig, and it maye be cal∣led in englishe water Germander or Gar∣leke Germander.

Scordotis.

Scordotis altera wherof Plinie maketh mention, is in leaues muche lyke a Nettle, but deaper endented wyth a foure squared stalke, and wyth a somthynge sharpe taste, it groweth aboute the Rhene syde. Some take thys for Verbena recta, but it hath no purple floures, wherfore they are deceyued. It maye be called in englishe banke Nettle.

Securidaca.

Securidaca called in greeke Edysaron and Pelecinos, is so vnknowen in Englād, and in Germany that I neuer sawe it in ei∣ther of these regions, but I haue sene it in I∣taly dyuerse tymes, and it maye be called in englishe Axfiche or Hachetfiche, because the seede resembleth an Hatchet.

Sedum.

Sedum is called in greke Aeizooon, and the fyrste kynde and moste spokē of, of wri∣ters, is called in englishe Housleke or syn∣grene. The seconde kynde is called in En∣glish thryft or stoneroppe The thyrd kinde is called in Englishe Mouse tayle or litle stoneroppe, and in duche Maur pfesser. Al these kyndes growe on walles and houses. It is colde in the thyrde degree.

Senecio.

Senecio is called in greke Erigeroon, in english Groundswel or Groundsel, in duch Gryntkraut, in frenche du Senesson.

Serpyllum.

Serpyllum called in greeke Irpyllon, is of .ij. sortes. The one is called in latine ser∣pyllum Hortense, and in englishe runnyng tyme. The seconde kynde is called in latine serpyllum syluestre, and in englishe wylde tyme. The one groweth in gardines, & the other in sandy fieldes and bare groundes.

Sertula campana.

Sertula cāpana siue corona regia, is cal∣led in greeke Melilootos, in duch Gulden∣kle, in Welsher, steyncle, in french du Me∣lilote. I neuer sawe the ryghte Melilote yet in England, but I haue sene the right Me∣lilute which groweth in Italy, & hath seedes

in litle hornes. This herbe whiche ye vse in Englande for Melilote, is a kynde of Lo∣tus syluestris. This ryght Melilotus may be called in englishe Melilote, or right Me∣lilote, or Lumberdy Melilote. Melilote is hote and dry en the fyrst degree.

Sesama.

Sesama••n dyd I neuer see in England, but I haue sene it in Italy, and it maye be called in englishe, sesame or oyle seede, for of al seede it is moste oylie.

Seseli massiliense.

Seseli massiliense is called in the Potica∣ries shoppes, siler montanum, it may be cal∣led in englishe, siler mountayne. The seede of thys herbe is commune in euery Potica∣ries shoppe.

Siligo.

Siligo is not as the commune sorte of grammarians and phisicians suppose, the corne called in englishe Rye, and in duche Rog, but it is a kynde of ryghte wheate, as Columella and Plinie do testifie. Therfore let it be called in englishe lyght wheate.

Sideritis.

Sideritis prima, groweth vpon Colon walies and also in sandy groundes aboute Colon. It is called in duch Glyderant, and may be called in englishe walsage or stoni∣sage.

Sideritis secunda, is most lyke to Os∣••••••tide of the Poticaries, of al herbes that euer I sawe, and nothyng is contrary vnto the description sauynge onely the seedes. Sideritis tertia semeth to be the herbe cal∣led in englishe, herbe Roberte wyth the lea∣ues lyke Colander.

Siliqua.

Siliqua is not as the commune sort take it for the shale onely of a peascod, or of such lyke pulse, but it is taken for a certeine tree, and fruite which is called in greke Ceratia, or Ceratonia, in Italian Carobe, in duche saynte Iohans Brot. I met wyth certeyne Grecians whiche dwelled in Pelopeneso, that called it in their speache Xyloceratō. Itmay be called in english a Carobe tree, and the fruite Carobes or Carobbeanes. I se in Colon one litle Carob tree, and no where els that I remembre.

Sinapi.

Sinapi is called in greeke sinepi, in en∣glishe Mustarde, in duche sense, in frenche Mustarde. It groweth in al countreis in plentie.

Sisaron.

Sisaron siue siser, is called in englishe a Persnepe, in duche grosse Zammoren, and also Pinsternach, Fuchsius rekeneth that

our shyrwort, or shyrwit is a kynde of siser. Persuepes, and skirwortes are commune in Englande.

Sison.

Sison called of other Sinō, is the herbe whose seede the Poticaries in Anwerp vse for Amomo. Ther groweth a kinde of this besyde Shene, and it maye be called in en∣glishe wylde Perseley. The best kinde gro∣weth in Anthony the Poticaries gardine of Anwerp.

Sisymbrium.

Sisymbrium hortēse is called in englishe haume Mynte, or water Mynte, in duche fishe Mynt, or wasser Muntz. Many lear∣ned mē cōtayne the red Mynt that groweth by water sydes, and is called of some horse Mynt vnder sisymbrio. It is hote and drye in the thyrde degree.

Sisymbrium alterum.

Sisymbrium alterum is called also Car∣damine, and in english water cresses, or roc∣ket water cresses, in duche wasserkressich, in frenche du Cresson. Thys is not the herbe with leaues lyke Perseley communely cal∣led water Cresses, but it is the true water Cresse wyth leaues lyke Rocket, and some cal it in latin Nasturtium aquaticū. It gro∣weth muche in brokes and water sydes.

Smilax hortensis.

Smilax hortēsis is called in duch welshe arbs or welshe Bonen, in frenche as some wryte Phascole. It may be called in english Kydney beane, because the seede is lyke a Kydney, or arber beanes, because they serue to couer an arber for the tyme of Summer.

Sinilax aspera.

Smilax aspera groweth not in Englāde that euer I coulde see, I haue sene it in Ger∣many where it is called grosse Stechend wynde, or shraffe wynde. It maye be called in englishe Pryckewynde or Sharpbynde.

Smyrnium.

Smyrniū is neither Angelica nor yet Lo∣uage. I dyd see it once in Bonony. It maye be called in englishe blacke Louage, because it hath leaues lyke Louage, and yet blacke seede. It is hote & dry in the thyrde degree.

Solanum hortense.

Solanū hortēse which is called in greke Strichnos Cepaios is called in Englishe Nyghtshade, or pety morel, in duche Nach∣shat, in frenche Morel. The Poticaries cal it Solatrum.

Solanum vesicarium.

Solanum vesicarium is called in greeke Strichnos halicacabos, in Pottcarie latin Alkakenge, in englishe Alcakeng or wyn∣ter

cheries, in duche Iudenkyrse, in frenche Baganauldes. Thys herbe groweth much in my Lordes gardine at Syon.

Sorbus.

There are foure kyndes of sorbus after Plinie, of the which I knowe three kyndes. The fyrst kynde that I knowe is commune aboute Bon. It hath leaues lyke a quicken tree, and a fruite lyke a litle Peare, the duch cal it ein speirlyng, and ein sporopfel. This tree maye be called in englishe a sorb tree, and the fruite a sorb Appel. The seconde kynde is called in duche ein Hauer ashe, in englishe a rountree or a Quicken tree. The third kinde that I knowe of sorbus and the fourth kynde in Plinie is called sorbus tor∣minalis, in englishe a seruice tree.

Spartum frutex.

Spartium or spartum is not the Broume that we make besomes of in Englande, but it is a bushe called of some gardiners frenche brome. It groweth naturally by it selfe in mount Appenuine, and it is founde nowe in many gardines in England, in my Lordes gardine at Shene, and in my Lorde Cobbains gardin a litle frō Graues Ende

Spartum herba.

Spartum is also an herbe as Plinie wry∣teth, by whose description I gather that it

is the rishe that the Fig frayles be made of, I haue sene that rishe in the Ilandes of east Freseland, and the people there make ropes of that rishe & thach their houses also wyth the same It may be called in english Frail∣benie.

Sphondilium.

Sphondilium is called in duche wylde Pateney, or wylde Bereuklawe, in frenche Panaie sauage. It may be called in englishe Cowpertsnepe or rough Persnepe. It gro∣weth in watery middowes and in raine groundes about hedges.

Spina alba.

Spina alba mentioned in Columella is spina Appendix in Plinie, and it is called in englishe an Hawthorne tree, or a whyte thorne, in duche ein wissen dorne, or ein Ha∣gendorne.

Stachys.

Stachys semeth to Gesner to be the herbe that we cal in english Ambrose, & I deni not but that it may be a kynde of it, Howe be it I haue sene the true Italian staches, whiche hath narower and whyter leaues then Am∣brose hath. It maye benamed in englishe li∣tle Horehounde or strayte Horehound. It is hote in the thyrde degree.

Staphis agria.

Staphis agria is called in englishe sta∣ues aker, in duch Bisz muntz or Lanshraut, in frenche de lee staues agrie. I haue sene it growyng in certeyne gardines in Italy.

Sterhas.

I haue sene in Italy diuerse kyndes of Stichados growyng. One was called ste∣rhas mōtana, an other stechas prouincialis, and the thyrd stechas Arabia. I neuer sawe any of these kyndes growyng in England, but I haue had them growynge in my gar∣dines in Germany. The herbe may be cal∣led in english stichas, or Lauāder gentle, the Poticaries cal thys herbe stichados. I sup∣pose that our lauāder is a kinde of stichas. It is hote in the first degree & dry in the second.

Symphytum.

Symphytum is of two sortes, the for∣mer is called Symphytum petreum, and this herbe groweth about Syon, seuen my∣les aboue London. It is lyke vnto wylde Mergerum, but it is neither so hote neither so wel smellyng. It may be called in english vnsauery Mergersi. The other kynde cal∣led in latin Symphytum alterum, is called in englishe comfrey or Blackewurt, and in duche walde wurtz, or schwartz wurtz, in frenche de la confire.

Tarchon.

Tarchon is wel knowen in Englande, and is called wyth vs Tarragō. Some cal thys same herbe Dracouē hortēsem Some other do put thys herbe vnto the kyndes of Sauery.

Taxus.

Taxus is called in greke Smilar or tax∣os, in englishe an Vghe tree, or an yew tree, in duch ein Iben baume, in french ••••ff The beste Vghe groweth in the Alpes. Cōmune Vghe, groweth in diuerse partes of Yorke shyre.

Thapsia.

Thapsia groweth in diuerse places of Italy that I haue sene, and the beste learned of that countrey thynke that Mesues tur∣bit is Thapsia. Thapsia maye be called in englishe thapfene, or thapsia.

Thlaspi.

Thlaspi or thlaspium is called in duche Baurenfense It groweth wonders plentu∣ously about Bon in the corne fieldes, and a∣mong the corne. It groweth also plētuously besyde Syon. It may be named in englishe dysmustard, or triacle Mustard, or Bon∣••es Mustard, because the seede is lyke mu∣stard seede in colour and in tast, and the ve∣ssel that cōteyneth the seed•• is lyke a disshe. There is yet an other kinde of thlaspie mē∣tioned

of Dioscorides and called thlaspi al∣terum & sinapi persicuum. This kinde gro∣weth in Morpeth in Northumberland and there it is called Redco. It shoulde be called after the olde saxon englishe Rettihcol, that is Radishe colle. The high Germans cal it mere Rettich.

Thymus.

We gather boeth by Dioscorides & Pli∣nie, that there are two kyndes of Thyme, whereof I see but one kinde as yet in Eng∣lande, for that runnyng thyme that we take for thymo, is serpyllum and not thymus.

The greate kynde of thyme, wherof Dio∣scorides maketh mētion of in Epithymo, is called nowe Venetian thyme, and the blacke kynde that Plinie speaketh of, is oure com∣mune thyme that groweth ryght vp in our gardines. Thyme is hote in the thyrde de∣gree.

Tussilago.

Tussilago is called in greeke Bechion, in englishe Bulfote or horsehofe, in duche Ro∣shub, or houfe lattich, in frēch Pas de Asne, the Poticaries cal it Vngulam caballinam. Thys herbe groweth by water sydes, and in marishe groundes.

Typha.

Typha groweth in fennes & watersy∣des

amōg the reedes, it hath a blacke thinge Almost at the head of the stalke lyke blacke Veluet. It is called in englishe cattes tayle, or a Reedmace, in Duche Narren Kolb, or Mosz Kolb.

Verbascum.

Verbascum is called in greke Phlomos, in englishe Mullen higgis taper or Longe wurt, the Poticaries cal it tapsus barbatus.

Verbasculum.

There are .iij. Verbascula called in greke Phlomides. The fyrste is called in barba∣rus latin Arthritica, and in englishe a Pri∣merose. The seconde is called in barbarus latin Paralysis, and in englishe a Cowslip, or a Cowslap, or a Pagle. The third is cal∣led Thryallis, and Rosecampi in englishe.

Verbenaca.

Verbenaca recta is called in greeke Pe∣ristereon yphos, in english Veruine, in duch Eiser kraute, in frenche Veruayne. Thys herbe groweth in many places of Englād. Verbena supina, is harde to fynde in Eng∣lande I neuer sawe it in any place sauynge in Swycherland. It is lyke Bugle, but the leaues are deaplyer endented & grener then bugle leaues be. It may be called in english geagged Bugle. It groweth in shadowye places about tree rootes.

Veratrum.

Veratrum is called in greke Helleborus in duche Niesz wurtes, in frenche Viraire. It maye be called in englishe Nesewurte. There are two kyndes of Helleborus, the one is called Veratrum album, and it is cal∣led in duche Wisz Neiszwurtes, in englishe Nesewurt or whyte Nesewurt. This kinde groweth in Syon Parcke in Englande, in the woddes of Bon in Germany, in the Al∣pes betwene Curela••d and Lumberdy, but it that groweth in Englād, and in Germa∣ny hath not the strength that it hath whiche groweth in the Alpes. The other kynde is called Veratrum nigrum. I haue not sene thys herbe in Germany, neither in Eng∣lande. For the herbe called in englishe bear∣fote, in duche Christwurte, which hath bene hyther to taken for blacke Nisewurt, or Ve∣ratrum nigrum: is Consiligo in Columel and Plinie, and not veratrum nigrum.

Vicia.

Vicia is called in greeke Bicion, in En∣glishe a Fiche, in duche Wicken, in frenche La vesce.

Viola alba.

Viola alba is called in greeke Leucoion. There are diuerse sortes of Leuecoiō. One is called in english Cheiry, Hertes ease or wal

Gelefloure, it groweth vpon the walles, and in the sprynge of the yere, it hath yea∣lowe floures. The Arabians cal it Cheiri. An other kynde hath whyte floures, whiche some cal whyte stocke gelefloure or Bele∣noures. The other haue purple and blewe floures, and are called purple & blew stock∣gele floures.

Viola nigra.

Viola nigra siue purpurea is called in greeke Ion melan, in englishe a Violet, in duche violen, Viole or Violette, in frenche Violet martie. It is colde and moyste in the seconde degree.

Viola flammea.

Viola flommea otherwyse called Phlox or Phlogion is the herbe as Gesner thyn∣keth, whiche is called in duche Fluelblum, and in englishe veluet floure or french Ma∣rigoulde.

Viscum.

Viscum is called in greeke Ixos, in en∣glesh Miscelto or Misceldin, in duch Mis∣cel, Vogellym, and Affoler in french. This shrub groweth only in trees & no where els

Vitex

Vitex is called in greeke Agnos, of the Poticaries of Italy Agnus castus, the Po∣ticaries of Germany in netherlande abuse Lign∣•…•… 〈2 pages missing〉〈2 pages missing〉

••••∣ticaries in Germany abuse thys herbe for Scordio. Thys herbe groweth in hedges and diches in the sprynge of the yere.

Balsamine.

Balsamine is called of other Pomū Hie∣rosolymitanum, & Pomum mirabile. Some cal it Charātia. It is called in duch Balsam kraute, it maye be named in englishe Bal∣sam aple. It groweth muche in Italy and in some places of Germany, but onely in gar∣dines.

Barbare herba.

Barbare herba groweth aboute Brokes and water sydes. It hath leaues lyke Roc∣ket, wherefore it maye be called in englishe woundrocket, for it is good for a wounde. Some cal thys Carpentariam.

Bipennella Italica.

Bipennella or bipenula Italica, is called in english Burnet. It groweth much about Syon and Shene, and in many other pla∣ces of Englād. The Poticaries cal it Pim∣pinellam.

Bipennula Germanica.

Bipennula Germanica, is Saxifragia Italorum, and it is called in englishe Pim∣piuel, the duche cal it Bibinellen.

Bistorta.

Bistorta is called of the Northerne men

Betes, in the South countrey Astrologia, in east Freselande Leuercraut. Thys herbe groweth in Englande onely in gardines, in the woddes of Freseland, it groweth with∣out any settyng alone.

Bursa pastoris.

Bursa pastoris is also called in englishe of many Bursa pastoris & of other Shep∣herdes bag or Shepherdes purse. It gro∣weth by high wayes, almost in euery place.

Cartafilago.

Cartafilago otherwise called Ceratophi∣lax, is called in english Cudwurt or Chafe∣wurte, It groweth gladly where as turnes haue ben digged.

Consolida media.

Cōsolida media is called in english Bu∣gle. It is a blacke herbe and it groweth in shaddowy places and moyst groundes.

Cornu ceruinum.

Cornu ceruinum is the name of three her∣bes. The fyrst is Coronopus, the seconde is Hartes horne lyke a rishe, the thyrd is cōmō in the dioces of Colō, which is so called, be∣cause it hath leaues lyke an Hartes horne.

Christophoriana.

Christophoriana groweth plētuously in the woddes aboute Bon, but I haue not hearde any duche name that it hath. It may be 〈2 pages missing〉〈2 pages missing〉

the duch cal it Natter Zunglin. It groweth plētuously in middowes where as Lunary groweth.

Leuisticum.

Leuisticum is called in englishe Louage in duche Lubstocke or Lieb stokel, in french Liueshe. It groweth onely in gardines so muche as I haue sene.

Martagon.

Martagon is an herbe wyth two leaues onely, one of ech syde. It groweth in many places of Englande in watery middowes and in woddes. It is also called in englishe Martagon.

Perfoliata.

Perfoliata is an herbe wyth a leafe lyke a pease, & litle blacke seedes in the top. The Germans cal it Durchwassz. It maye be called in englishe Thorowwax, because the stalke waxeth thorowe the leaues.

Pes anserinus.

Pes anserinus is called in duch geusz fusz, and it may be called in englishe Goosef ote. It groweth in the fieldes of Germany a∣mong the corne and aboute townes & cities.

Pilosella.

Pilosella is of two kyndes, the one hath a yealowe floure and is communely called in english Mouseare, and for difference sake

it may be called in english yealowe mouse∣eare. The other kynde hath purple floures mengled wyth whyte altogether, and thys groweth in heathes where as King or heath groweth, and may be called in english pur∣ple Mouseare or litle Mouseare.

Portentilla.

Portētilla or as some write Potentilla, is named also Tanacetum syluestre. It is na∣med in englyshe wylde Cansey, in duche Genseric h, & in french Taunasi Saluage.

Regalicum.

Regalicum is also named Ruta cararia, Galega, & Gaiarda. It groweth very plen∣tuously about the bankes of Padus in Ita∣ly. It maye be called in englishe mocke Li∣cores, because the leaues are lyke Licores.

Rhibes.

Rhibes is called in duche saynte Iohans Treublin, and it is called in some places of Englande a Rasin tree.

Sanicula.

Sanicula is named in englishe Sanicle, in duche Sanikel or Sharnikel. It groweth communely in woddes.

Saluia vita.

Saluia vita or Ruta muralis is called in duche Maurtanten & steinrauten. It maye be called in english Stone Rue or wal Rue

Some haue vsed this for Capillo Veneris.

Solidago saracenica.

Solidago seracenica, otherwyse called Herba fortis or Herba Iudaica, is called in duch Heidnishe wuntkrant. I haue not sene it in Englande, but diuerse tymes in duch∣land. It may be called in english Wounde∣wurte.

Scabiosa.

Scabiosa is called in englishe Scabious or Maifellon, in duche Scabiosen, in french la scabieuse.

Saxifragia.

There are foure herbes, whiche al are called saxifragia. The englishe mens Sax∣ifragia, which they cal Saxifrage, hath lea∣ues lyke smal perseley, & it groweth in mid∣dowes. The Italians saxifragia is lyke the same, but it hath rougher leaues and grea∣ter, & an hotter roote. The Germayns haue two Saxifrages, whiche other countreis know not by those names. The greater hath greate leaues, lyke smallage, and yealowe iuice in the stalke, and this is called of other wryters Viride Marcum. It may be call••d in englishe, grene Marke. Thys groweth muche by the Temmes syde about Sheue. The other duche saxifrage hath leaues lyke Tyme, & it may be called in english Time∣stonebreake.

I haue not sene it in England. It groweth in sandy groundes aboute the Rhene.

Tormentilla.

Tormentilla is called in greeke Hepta∣phyllon, in englishe Tormentil, or Torme∣rik, in duche Tormētil. It groweth in Mo∣res and Heathes.

Trinitaria or trinitatis herba.

Trinitatis herba, is of two sortes. The one hath leaues lyke a Clarier, and it gro∣weth in the Alpes, and other highe moun∣taynes. It may be called in english mount∣trifoly The other kinde is called in english two faces in a hoode or pauses. Thys is like vnto a Violet in the floures, and it gro∣weth ofte amonge the corne.

Vua crispa.

Vua crispa is also called Grossularia, in english a Groser bushe, a Goosebery bush. It groweth onely that I haue sene in Eng∣land, in gardines, but I haue sene it in Ger¦many a brode in the fieldes amonge other busshes

Veronica.

Veronica groweth in many places of England, and it is called in englishe Fluel∣lyng, in duche Erenprise.

Vuluaria.

Vuluaria is a stynkyng herbe creapynge by the grounde with leaues of Mergerum or Organe. It groweth muche aboute the walles of Bon in Germany. I did se it also in my Lorde Cobbains gardine at Calice.