A Spanish grammar, first collected and published by Richard Perciuale Gent. Now augmented and increased with the declining of all the irregular and hard verbes in that toong, with diuers other especiall rules and necessarie notes for all such as shall be desirous to attaine the perfection of the Spanish tongue. Done by Iohn Minsheu professor of languages in London. Hereunto for the yoong beginners learning and ease, are annexed speeches, phrases, and prouerbes, expounded out of diuers authors, setting downe the line and the leafe where in the same bookes they shall finde them, whereby they may not onely vnderstand them, but by them vnderstand others, and the rest as they shall meete with them.

Generall Obseruations from the Latine for the framing of the SPANISH.

Substantiues of the Latines in as, as	Charitas,	in Spanish thus,	Caridád.
Maiestas,	Magestád.
Crudelitas,	Crueldád.
Ciuitas,	Ciudád.
Fidelitas,	Fedelidád.
Securitas,	Seguridád.
Obscuritas,	Escuridád.
Conformitas,	Conformidád.
Calamitas,	Calamidád.
Voluntas, &c.	Voluntád.

The most part of words in Latine beginning with Pl. changed in Ll, as	Plenus,	In Spanish,	Lléno.
Planus,	Lláno.
Pluuia,	Llúvia.
Plaga,	Llága.
Plorare.	Llorár.

In like sort F. turned into H, as	Facere,	Spanish,	Hazér.
Faba,	Háva.
Faex,	Héz.
Falco,	Halcón.
Farina,	Harína.
Foetor,	Hedór.
Formosus,	Hermóso,
Ferrum,	Hiérro,
Feruor.	Hervór.

The Latine ending in io, made Spanish by put∣ting n to it, as	Educatio,	Spanish,	Educación.
Religio,	Religión.
Electio,	Eleción.

The Latine ending in tum, by changing um into o, as	Ornamentum,	Spanish,	Ornaménto,
Experimentum,	Experiménto,
Exemplum.	Exémplo.

The Latine ending in lis, by taking away is, as	Materialis,	Spanish,	Materiál.
Finalis,	Finál.
Subtilis,	Sutíl.
Debilis, &c.	Débil.

The Latine ending in the Infinitiue moode in e, by taking away e by Apocope, as	Castigare,	Spanish,	Castigár.
Amare,	Amár.
Tenere,	Tenér.
Perdere,	Perdér.
Sentire,	Sentír.
Salire.	Salír.

By adding to the end of a word by Paragoge, as	Apostema,	Spanish,	Apostemación.
Appetere,	Apetecér.
Anas.	A'nade.

By adding to the middle of a word by Epenthesis, as	Certum,	Spanish,	Ciérto.
Coelum,	Ciélo.
Membrum,	Miémbro.
Messis.	Miésse.

By adding to the beginning of a word by Prothesis, as	Plumescere,	Spanish	Emplumecér.
Capistrare,	Encabistrár.
Scala,	Escála.
Scandalum.	Escándalo.

By changing a letter by Metathesis, in the middle of a word, of the second person plurall of the Imperatiue moode, as D and L changing places, as for Castigádle, they write Castigalde, for Dezídle, they say and write Dezílde.

The Spanish sheweth his original from the Latine, although by corruption many words haue changed letters, as in these fo∣lowing & their like, as	a	into	e	as	Lac, milke, Léche. Caseus, chéese, Quéso.
b	u	Barba, a beard, Bárva. Bibo, I drinke, Bévo.
c	g	Amicus, a frend, amígo. Acutus, sharp, agúdo.
e	i	Directus, directed, derigído. lectus, read, leýdo.
f	h	Ferrū, iron, hiérro. facere, to make or do, hazér
g	y	Regnum, a kingdome, Reyno.

I procéede no further herein, but leaue euery Latinist to consider of them as he shall méete with them by reading, whereby he shall manifestly perceiue by the mul∣titude of words in this tongue deriued from the Latine,* 1.1 how easie it is for euerie meane scholler spéedily to obtaine the knowledge of the same, and with these rules and precepts, which here I shall set downe, I doubt not but that euery one (desirous thereof) may with facilitie and short time speake it and write it more than meanly: the which the better to performe, I take it the best order (according to the saying, Qui bene diuidit bene docet, He that diuideth the matter, he handleth well, teacheth well) to diuide this present Grammar into Orthographie, Prosodie, Etymologie, and Syntaxis, of which though I shall not deale with all of all that may be said, yet at least that shall bee necessarie to be saide for the instruction of the learner in this tongue.

OF ORTHOGRAPHIE Of Grammar and hir parts.

GRammar is an Arte teaching the right rules of true speaking and writing,* 1.2 and it is deri∣ued from the Greeke word 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, which is litera, as much as to say scientia literaria, a knowledge of letters.

Deuision of Grammar.

Grammar according to Quintilian, is two fould: Historicall, and Methodicall.

Historicall, gotten by imitation of Authors.

Methodicall, is taught by precepts, which onely we heere handle.

Subdiuision of Grammar.

Grammar methodicall is deuided into fower parts, Orthography, Prosody, Etymology, & Syntaxis.* 1.3

• Orthography, conuersant in letters.
• Prosody, in syllables.
• Etymologie, in words.
• Syntaxis, in sentences.* 1.4

Orthographie, of the Greeke word 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 right, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 writing.

Prosodia, of 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, i. ad, & 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, cantus, that is Accentus.

Etymologia, of 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, true, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 speech.

Syntaxii, of 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, i. con. & 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, ordino, quasi, coordinatio.

Orthographie is a right rule of true writing, as before of 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 right, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 writing,* 1.5 whereby euerie word is to be set downe with his true letters, as Cierro, certaine, not Sierto.

Heereto belongeth Orthopoeia, which is a right rule of true speaking, of 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 right, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 word, that in speaking men pronounce not more grosse or smal, then the nature of language will allow, or otherwise then the accustomed maner of pronounciation vsually permitted therein, as Vino, wine, not to pronounce it as Englishmen doe, Veino, but smaller as they pronouncethe double ce, Veeno, Dios, God, not Deios, but Dheeos. But of this hereafter in the letters more at large.

And because Orthographie (the former part of our Grammar) chiefly consisteth in the true writing of euerie word with his right letters: It must of necessitie follow, that whosoeuer speaketh, or heareth a toong spoken in his proper Idioma, and would write downe the same so spoken,* 1.6 that he know the power and proprietie of each letter in that toong (because of letters are framed syllables, and of syllables are made words, and of words the whole speech, and language, the which neglected, must needs bring a confusion to the learner, and little or no fruite to the Teachers labour. Therefore to our purpose.

There are in the Spanish toong 27. letters, whereof 24. are single, and three double.

The single, A. b. c. ç. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. k. l. m. n. o. p. q. r. s. t. v. x. y. z.* 1.7

The double are these, ch. ll. ñ.

If any aske the question, why the Spanish, being descended from the Latine, hath in it more letters then the Latin: I answere,* 1.8 that although it be now (for the most part of words therin) corrupt & broken Latin, yet it had at the first (as in the Proeme before going) his originall from the Caldean, Arabique, and Moores toong, of which they reserue some* 1.9 letters.

But now to our letters as they are in order in the Alphabet or crosse row, without beginning with the vowels, and then skipping from one consonant to another, distracting the memorie of the yoong beginner in a toong, which would much better retaine the precepts giuen thereon, so they might not be driuen to a new order of reckoning their letters, differing from that in their childhood they learned, and now can hardly be drawen from.

A Is sounded plainely, with opening the mouth as in the Latin, French, and Italian, as in English man, can: so in Spanish, Manáda, a flocke, Ensaláda, a salade of herbs.

B Is as the Latin, and is called litera labialis, one of the labiall or lip letters, because it cannot be pronounced without ioyning the lips togither. It is pronounced as in English, baker, basket: so in Spanish, Bacía, a bowle, Bárro, clay, but in the middest of a word, except the word come of the Latin. The Spaniards vsually confoundeth it with V consonant, and

soundeth it as V consonant, as Trabájo, trauell, they pronounce Travájo: Palábras, words, they sound Palávras:* 1.10 Cábra, a goate, Cávra: Labór, labour, Lavór: Albárda, a parkesaddle, Alvárda: Alabárda, a holbard, Alavárda: so oftentimes in the beginning of a word, as Bay∣lár, to daunce, Vaylár: Basquíña, a peticoate, a kirtle, Vasquína: Bellóta, an acorne, Vellóta: Berméjo, red colour, Vermejo: Bexica, a bladder, Vexica. Wherefore I aduise the studious in the Spanish toong,* 1.11 if he finde not a word in the Dictionarie, in one of these letters, let him turne to the other: as if he finde not Báyo, which is vsed in good Authors for Bay co∣loured, or Bayard, let him looke Váyo, and there he shall finde the same: If not Vañar, to bathe, looke Bañár: If not Vóz, looke Bóz, a voice.

* 1.12B In the middest of a word going before another consonant, and making the pronunciation harder, is cut off in Spanish, as Subtil, they write, Sutíl, Absénte, Ausénte, Obscúro, Oscúro, or Escúro.

C This letter hath two manner of soundings according to the vowels that follow it. If a o or u follow it, he is sounded as k, as in Cára, a face, Cóco, weuell, Cuch••i••a, a spoone: so like∣wise in the middle of a word, as Descánso, rest, Escória, drosse, Escudill••, a dish: but going be∣fore e or i pronounce almost as the Italian z, as Prudenza, Dis••••zo, or their t before ia or io, as Prudentia, Iustificatione, Cecina, powdred flesh, Ciruéla, a ••••um.

* 1.13C Before t, cut off as Acto, an acte: the Spaniard saith, A••o, Pacto, a couenant, Páto.

Ç Marked with a dash vnder it thus, ç, called ç, Cerilla, or ç Cedilla, is proper to the Arabíque toong, from whence it was first taken: it is sounded by putting the toong to the ranckes of the teeth,* 1.14 as the French ç ••••en ça, or verie neere: the Italian Z, as Dilligenza, Scienza. This ç must be so pronounced, whether it be at the beginning, end, or middle of a word, though a o or u follow: and is sounded as in English Ths, as çaraguélles, great gascoine or Spanish hose, çoçóbras, crosse blows of fortune, çúfre, brimstone: pronounce Thsaraguélles, Thsosóbras, Thsú∣fre, in like maner before e and i, as çenogiles, garters, çiénto, a hundred: pronounce Thsenogí∣les, Thsiénto.

D Is pronounced in the beginning of a word, as in Latin, French, and Italian: as in En∣glish, Dagger, Doctor: so in Spanish, Dága, a dager, Dóze, a doosen: this word Dios is ex∣cept from this rule, and is pronounced as these that follow: that is, if d come in the middest or end of a word,* 1.15 you must pronounce him as ♩ in Greeke, as dh in English, as Cada, euery, Cádha, fidelidád, fidelitie, fidhelidhadh.

E Is as the Latin, and the Italian, and as in English, Bend, Lend: so in Spanish, Bende∣zír, to blesse, Bevér, to drinke: and it must neuer be sounded so small as the English ee, as fee, wee: nor so broad as the French do their e feminine, as Femme, a woman, pronounced Fam∣ma, but betwixt both as first aboue.

F Is as the Latin and the Italian toongs, and iust as the English. The Spaniard writeth him when the Latins write Ph, as Philosophus, in Spanish Filósofo.

G Answerable to the Hebrue Gimel, & hath two maner of soundings according to the vowels which follow it, if a o or u immediately followe, it is pronounced as in the Latin, Gabriel, Gorgias, Gubernator: Italian, Galante, Gotta, Gustare: French, Garçon, Gourmand: as in English, Gate,* 1.16 Gold, Gutter: so in Spanish, Gáfo, a lazare, a leapour, Gófo, rude, Gúla, guttonie.

But if after the u immediately come a, as Guante, a gloue, sound Gwante: Agua, water, Agwa: Mengua, want Mengwa.

* 1.17But if after u follow e or i, pronounce as the French Guerre, Guide: as in English Guest, guide: so in Spanish Guérra, war, Guía, a guide: sound Gherra, Ghia, except these wordes follo∣wing, Guéro, adle, Aguéro, soothsaying, Garguéro, the throat, Sirguéro, a drawer or tower of a boate with a roape, Hoguéro, a woodpile, Triguéro, a sparowe that lieth in the wheate, Ci∣guéna, a storke, Pediguéno, wanton, Halaguéño, flattering, Siguénça, a citie of Spaine, Ver∣guénça, shame, Aguélo, a grandfather, Deguéllo, a beheading, Reguéldo, belking, Vnguénto, ointment: and words that come of the Infinitiue moode in Guár, as Enxaguár, to water, Enxágue, Menguár, to want, Mengue.

* 1.18G Before e or i is sounded as the Latin Gero: Italian, Giorno: French, Gisant: English, Gef∣frey, Giles: or more like the Spanish, called j jota, or j consonant, which is pronounced as sh in English: so they say Gémir, to groane, pronouncing as it were written in English shemir, Gingíbre, ginger, shinshibre.

For the Spaniard maketh no difference in speaking of this G before e and i, from the j conso∣nant,* 1.19 and they write one for another, as Agéno, Lináge, Menságe, Lisongéro, Magestád, or Ajéno, Lináge, Mensáje, Lisonjéro, Majestád.

G Before n in the middle of a word lost, as Ignomínia, Inomínia, ignominie, Ignoráncia, Inorán∣cia, ignorance.

H This letter is neither vowell nor consonant, but a note of aspiration, it is called in the Spanish as in the English Ache, which were more properly in my opinion to be called as

some nations do, Ha, bicause it doth so import in pronouncing as in English, Harmes, Harnes, Hate, Hang.

This H in the beginning of a word is pronounced in Spanish with more vehemencie and em∣phasis, and in the middle or end of a worde weakely and faintly.* 1.20

In the beginning he must be pronounced with more force, or else there woulde be no difference found in speaking these wordes, and their like, Háca, a nagge: Acá hither: as Ven acá, come hither, Hásta, vntill, and Asta for a speare: Háya, a beech tree: A'ya, a nurse: Húso, a spindle: U'so, vse.

In the middle of a worde not so forcible, as Ahechár, pronounce as Aechár, Alholí, Alolí,* 1.21 a barne or garner.

This H goeth before all the fiue vowels, as Hazér, to make or doe: Hécho, made or done: Híga∣do, the liuer: Hollín, the soote of a chimney: Húso, a spindle. But it may not in true Spa∣nish orthographie be written before a consonant, as Cristo, not Christo.

Besides it is lost after T, as Ortografía, not Orthografía, Teólogo, not Theólogo.* 1.22

With P also it is lost, and the P turned into F, as Filósofo, not Philósopho, which they must ob∣serue that would write the Spanish toong aright in all that are like these.

Where Ue followeth H, it is pronounced as W, Huérto, an orchard: Huésso, a bone:* 1.23 pronounce Wuerto, Wuesso: or as if G went before thus, Gwerto, Gwesso, which I take to be more fit for the Englishmans pronounciacion for these and the like wordes.

That worde which beginneth with H, shall not haue H in the middle, except C goe before it, as in Hécho, made, Hechizár, to bewitch and the like.

I There be three kindes of I in the Spanish, that is small i, Greeke y, and j Jota,* 1.24 or conso∣nant. These two i, y, with a verie small slender sounde, as the French and Italians doe, which is as the double ee in English, wee, shee, fee, decree, so in Spanish, Tiráno, a tirafit,* 1.25 Teerano: Vida, life, Veeda, & not as Englishmen pronounce Teyráno, veida, which all other nations mislike in hearing them speaking Latine, saying, Propino tibi, they pronounce Pro∣peino tibi, which I would wish they woulde but marke, and take notice thereof: for the French, Italian, and Spaniard, do learne and are taught by their Schoolemasters to pro∣nounce the Latine different from their owne toong, otherwise one nation shoulde not vn∣derstand another speaking the Latine. But in this toong as in the Italian and French, they must obserue except they will fal into the vice of Iotacismus and be laughed at, and not be vnderstood by strangers when they speake or reade.

This small i is vsed in a worde as a vowell by it selfe, as Tinta, yncke, and in a diphthong,* 1.26 as Niéto, a nephew.

Y is put in the beginning of a worde before a vowell or consonant, as yo, ya, ýr,* 1.27 and in the ende as Daréys, Podéys.

J jota or j consonant, which this toong taketh of the Arabique, is pronounced as in French,* 1.28 Jamais, Deja, Jehan, in English like sh, as Jardín, a gardin, shardin, Járro, a pot sharro, ójo, an eie Osho: Hoja, a leafe, Hosha: Ovéja, a sheepe, Ouesha: Abéja, a bee, A besha: In Se∣uill and thereabout, they pronounce it not so much in the teeth, but more in the throate, as Cshardin, Csharro, Ozho, Hozha, Ovezha, Abezha.

Some authors in the Spanish write these wordes (yet ill) and the like, with H. Hierusalem, Hierónimo, which should be thus Jerusalem, Jerónimo.

K The Spaniard neuer vseth this letter but when it is required of the Greeke and proper names then founded as in the English, as Kalendas.

L, M, N, O, P. Are all pronounced as in the Latine, French, Italian, and iust as in English: But P may not be doubled in Spanish,* 1.29 as Apro∣var, to approoue, Apetíto, appetite, and not Approvár, Appetito. P before T in the middle of a worde lost, as Captívo, pronounce Cautívo, captiue.

Neither can L be doubled in Spanish when the worde commeth of the Latine,* 1.30 and keepeth the Latine sounde, as Ilústre, in Latine Illustris: Sílaba, in Latine Syllaba: Colégio, Collegium. So likewise of N, as Tiráno, not Tiránno, in Latine Tyrannus, but when these keepe not the sounde of the Latine, looke heereafter in double Ll, ñ, and there you shall finde howe they are pronounced.

Q Hath two pronunciations, not of his owne nature, but by reason of a vowell following him.

If ua follow as in Latine and English, Quantitie, Quarter, so in Spanish Quándo, when, Quartána, Quál.

But when ue or ui follow, it is to be pronounced as the Italian Che, Chi, or the French Que,* 1.31 Qui, as English Ke, Ki, as Questión, a Question or quarrell, Kestion, Quieto, quiet, Kieto, except when the word is Latine, as Delinquente, Eloquente.

R With the Greekes and Latins termed Litera canina, so the Spaniard calleth him Letra per∣rina, the doggish letter, because dogs in grinning their teeth, when they would bite, sound this letter R. It is pronounced as the Latine, Italian, and French, but if it be in the be∣ginning of a word it is sounded strongly, as the Grecians doe sound. The Spanyard saith Ráyo, a sun beane, Réy, a king, or if it be doubled in the middest of a word you cannot sound with too great vehemencie, as Bárro, Clay, Cárro, a Cart. But if it be in the middest of a word and single, with a gentle and milde pronunciation, as ara, an altar, Móro, a blacke Moore.

S With x. z. and ç. are pronounced (although the one more plaine and sounding, and the rest lesse) by putting the tongue to the roofe of the mouth, and then hissing out the voice with the lips open as a snake,* 1.32 and therfore the Greekes called this letter S by that hissing name, as also made it in fashion double as a snake, with his head lifted vp, accordingly is it made in Latine, Italian, and Spanish. In Spanish these letters are called Culebrinas, which is snakie, of Culébra, a snake, which vseth hissing.

This S in the beginning of a word as in Latine, Italian, and French, and as in English Sand, Seeth, Sin, Sod, Sudden, so in Spanish Sabér, Sembrár, Sóbra, Sudór.

But if S be single in the middest of a word betweene two vowels, then with a gentle sound almost like Z, as the French doe, adding thereby great grace to their tongue, as Eglise a Church, Cause, so in Spanish Causa, Rosa, úso, púso. But if it be doubled, then strongly, as in English Crossed, tossed, so in Spanish Fuéssemos gruésso.

* 1.33In the end of a word as Z, as Cártas, Letters, Cámaras, Chambers, or going to stoole. And note that this letter cannot be in the beginning of a word when a consonant next follow∣eth. Therefore you must write Espéro, I hope, and not Spéro. Escrivo, I write, and not Scrivo.

T Is pronounced as in the Latine, Italian, French & English, except it can neuer sound ci,* 1.34 as the Latins, Italians, French and English doe when after t followeth i with a vowell, as in Latine Prudentia, Italian Amicitia, French Justification, English Ambition, in Spanish it must be written Prudéncia, Amicícia, Justificatión, Ambición, otherwise the writing were false, and you should pronounce Ti as in Tibi.

Also if H follow T, as Theólogo, Theopómpo, write and pronounce Teólogo, Teopómpo.

* 1.35U Being a vowell not to be pronounced with a small sound as English, Stue, Brue, Crue, Issue, but as the French doth in his diphthong ou, almost as the English ou, as Tu, tou, Buche, the maw, Bouche. But being a consonant is pronounced as in other languages in the beginning of a word, as Váca, a Cow, Véna, a Veine, Víno, Wine, Vóto, a Vow, Vúlgo, the common people, in the middes of a word as Aváro, Gávia, úva. Also when two ou come togither, and a vowell following, the second is a consonant, as úvo, Túve, except Vuéstro.

* 1.36X Is one of the Culebrínas létras, the snakie or hissing letters, as aboue said in the letter S, and is pronounced like J consonant, and the Spanyard often writeth one for another, as Xaráue, sirrup, Jaráue, and is pronounced as the French Ch, as the English sh, as Faxa, a wastband, Brúxa, a hag, Flóxo, weake, Fasha, Brusha, Flosho.

Y As aboue in I.

Z Is called in Spanish Zéta, as the Hebrew Zain, from whence it is drawen, and from the Moorish tongue, and is pronounced as the English Z, as Zángano, a droane, Zélo, zeale, Zodiaco, the Zodiacke, so likewise in the end of a word, as Bóz, a voice, Crúz, a Crosse.

* 1.37Ch Before any of the fiue vowels to be pronounced as in English, Chapman, Chiefely, Chic∣ken, Chop, Choose: so in Spanish, Chamelóte, Chamlet: Chiminéa, a Chimney: Chórro, a brooke: Chúsma, a companie of people of the common sort.

* 1.38Ll As gl in Italian, as Cavagli, Moglie, Figli, as double Ll in French, as Fille, Coquille, as Li in En∣glish, as Lláno, plaine: Lléno, full: Llovér, to raine: Llúvia, raine: pronounce Liáno, Liéno, Liovér, Liuvia: so likewise in the middle of a worde, as Querrellóso, Kerrelioso, quarrel∣some: in the end of a worde neuer in Spanish written double, as Mil, a thousande, not Mill.

ñ As the Italian and French gn, Montagna, Campagna, French Compaignon, Mignon, in En∣glish as ni:* 1.39 as Montáña, a mountaine, Montania, Campáña, Campania, so Dáño, losse, Dannyo, Baño, a bath, Bannyo.

Of Orthographie in Diphthonges.

A Diphthong (according to the definition of Grammarians) is a sounding togither of two different vowels, as if they were but one onely, as in English, Aide, Auditor.* 1.40

In Spanish there are twelue sorts.

The first in ai, or ay, as gaita, andáys, cantáis.* 1.41 But when two vowels come togither and make more then one sounde, they shoulde be marked ouer head with two prickes, to take awaie confusion, as Caïda, pronounced Caída, and so the rest.

The second in ao, where a is more sounded then o, as Quartáo, a nag, Saráo,* 1.42 a hall to dance in, Vilbáo, a proper name of a towne, are pronounced in the same sort, as Cats maule.

The third in au, where a sounds more then u, as Cáusa, Autór, Caudillo: except Laúd, a lute,* 1.43 Ataúd, a tombe: La-úd, Ata-úd.

The fourth in ei and ey, where e is more sounded then i, as Réy, a king, Léy, a law:* 1.44 when they are seuered, write them with two pricks thus, Leïstes, Reïr.

The fift in eu, where is most perceiued, as Féudo, Déudo, Réuma:* 1.45 being disioyned write thus: Reüntar, Reüngír.

The sixt in ia, in which a is more heard sound then i, as Saia, Vaià, Malícia, Preséncia:* 1.46 except Mía, Dia, Porfía, Desvía.

The seuenth, ie, ye, where e is most heard pronounced, as Viénto, Sciénto, Viéne, Bién, Quién,* 1.47 Quiéra, Arriéndo, Dispiérto, Apriéto, Pie, Piédra, Tiérra, Ciélo, Infiérno, Diéz, Siéte, Miél, Hiél.

The eight in io, or yo, where o is most sounded, as Yo, Dió, Vió: except Mío, Río, Frío, Tío.* 1.48

The ninth in iu, where i is more heard then the u, as Ciudád, a citie.* 1.49

The tenth in oi, or oy, as Soy, Doy, Voy, Oygo: except Oydo, Roýdo.* 1.50

The eleuenth in ue, where e more sounded then u, as Fuérça, Muérte, Fuérte, Cuerno, Nuevo,* 1.51 Fuego, Huélgo, Nuéz, Vihuéla.

The Twelfe in ui, and uy, where u is more sounded then the i, as Muy, Fuy, Cuidádo, Húyo.* 1.52

Fower Rules following shewing how euery vowell maketh a seuerall syllable by himselfe, or is sounded in diphthong with another.

The first Rule.

If betweene two vowels come h, or a consonant,* 1.53 such vowels cannot ioyne themselues togither to make a syllable or diphthong, as Ahínco, Bolár, except Auré, Aurás, Aurá, Aurémos, Auréys, where u r and the vowell make a syllable, the like in Auría, Auríamos.

The second Rule.

Any two vowels comming togither, neither of them being i nor u, make two syllables,* 1.54 as Neémias, Posséer, Roér, except these Hebrew words which end in two ee, as Oseé, Bethleem, Bersabeé.

The third Rule.

When the first person of a verbe doth end in two vowels, and the first vowell being i,* 1.55 and the accent stand vpon the same i, then that i maketh a syllable of it selfe without ioyning it selfe with the vowell following, as Embío, Embías, Embía, Embiámos. Porfío, Porfías, Porfian. Espío, Espías, Espían. Confío, Confías, Confía.

The fourth Rule.

But if the word doth end in two vowels, and the first of them being i,* 1.56 and the accent not on the first, then they make both the vowels a diphthong into a syllable, as Grácia, Justícia, Da∣niél, Ezechiél, Gabriél, Senténcia, Vitória, and in like sort doe they when they haue the accent on the last of them, as Passión, Religión, Nación, Caución, Ración, because they come of words of the Latine that haue their accent in the Antepenultima, therefore must the Spanish haue it in the Vltima. Except these words in Spanish, Anciáno, Dioclesiáno, Diáblo.

Of Triphthongs.

A Triphthong is a sounding of three vowels into one syllable with one breath togither,* 1.57 and that after fiue sortes.

The first in iai or yay, as Vayáys, Espaciáys, where a is heard more then i.

The second iey or yey, where e is more sounded then i, as Ensuziéys.

The third in iue or yue, where e is heard more then u, as Hoyuélo, Arroyuélo.

The fourth in uai or nay, as Guáy.

The fifth in uéi or uey, as Buéy, Buéytre.

Of Prosodia or Accents, the seconde part of this Grammar.

AS Orthographie handleth letters, so Prosodie treateth of syllables, and the right sounding and pronouncing the same with their true ac∣cents, which is to make the syllable or worde long or short, soft or sharpe, without the which the learner can not tell how to read or pro∣nounce the toong, much lesse to be vnderstood when he speaketh the same, whereby he shall be not onely disgraced, but be driuen to bestow longer time, in forgetting that ill touch taken vp, then he might bee in going forward in learning fiue times so much. The which being care∣fully looked vnto at the first, cannot but much adorne the speaker, make himselfe vnderstood, as also giuing himselfe exceeding comfort in going forward, when he knoweth hee singeth true harmonie, which cannot but delight those that will listen thereto.

* 1.58Prosodia, is a rule or knowledge, shewing with what accent euery syllable of a worde is to be pronounced, as Cárcel, not Carcél a prison.

Many haue affirmed the Spanish toong to be subiect to the Latine accents, seeing it is for the most parte deriued from the same,* 1.59 but common speech and vse shewe the contrarie in manie words, as Latin Génesis, in Spanish Genesís, Sódoma, in Spanish Sodóma, Hélena, Heléna, so in Latine ámor, in Spanish amór, aútor, autór, Cérasus, Cerézo. But yet note this, that words de∣riued of the Latine do keepe the accent of the Latine,* 1.60 except some proper names or words en∣ding in d, l, n, or r, as Abstinéentia, Abstinéncia, Obediéntia, Obediéncia, Beneficio, Blándo, Cadúco, Ceremónia, Cúlpa, Dígno, Dóte, Família, Fecóndo, Furióso, Prémio.

But if they end in d, l, n, or r, then they haue alwaies the accent in the last syllable, as Amistád, Pestilenciál, Camelón, Pastór.

Except some few ending in l, n, & r, ángel, ábil, apóstol, árbol, jóven, lóor, ánsar, ámbar, acíbar, açú∣car, açófar, alcáçar, nácar, tíbar, cármen, cáncer, carácter, cárcel, Cristóval, cónsul, crímen, débil, defícil, móbil, Immóbil, fócil, dócil, Estéril, estiércol, fácil, Dátil, frágil, v'til, inv'til, fértil, inábil, mástil, márgen, mártir, mármol, Trébol, órden, orígen, vírgen, exámen, volúmen, imágen, betúmen, Estévan, and verie fewe or none besides these, for that in setting these downe I ran ouer (as neere as I coulde) euery word in the whole Dictionarie, whereby you may coniecture, what paines, trouble, & time, such books of such method as this haue bestowed on them, before they can come foorth to shew to the learner in a moment, that which the composer can hardly finde out in a moneth: but if any other there be, I haue accented them in their places, as all the words ge∣nerally in the whole Dictionarie whatsoeuer to make the beginner, and also the well read to bee perfect in the pronunciacion, without which he shall be derided, as not vnderstoode when hee readeth or speaketh.

All Nounes in ion, and in or, accent in the last sillable, as Occasión, Predicadór, so also in i, s, z, as Alcaucí, Cortés, Pertináz, Cervíz, except Adíves, a beast in Barbarie like a foxe, which barketh and crieth in the night as loud as a foxe.

* 1.61Although in the Latine there is in no worde but one accent dominant, yet in the Spanish often are two found, as Ciértaménte, Fuértaménte, wherefore I will set downe the order of the Spanish accenting, first giuing example of those wordes which continually are accented, then of those which are somtimes, and somtimes not; last of al, those which haue two or three accents.

These words alwaies accented, as

• ...Hé há
• ...ýd ýr
• ...aquí acá
• ...séd sóy
• ...cál bóz
• ...grán áy
• ...Augustín acullá.

These words following sometime accented, sometime not, as

Al, If it be an article, it is not accented, as Dezíd al Señór ésto, Tell your master this. But if it be not an article, it is then accented, as Pensád en ál, Thinke on some thing.

Aun, When que followeth it is not accented, as Pédro aunque sépa morír no hará, Peter al∣though he knew he should die, he would not doe it. But asking a question it is then accen∣ted, as Aún duérmes Pedro? Doe you sleepe yet Peter?

Ante, Being a Preposition is not accented, as Ante Dios estámos, We stand before God. But being an Aduerbe it is accented, as Anté víno Pédro que Juán, Peter came before Iohn.

Cerca, a Preposition not accented, as Cerca tódòs dád buén exémplo, Aboue all giue good example. But if it be a Verbe, Aduerbe, or Noune or this particle De going before or fol∣lowing, then it is accented, as El Rey cérca con su génte, que tiéne, cerca de si,* 1.62 la ciudád y la rodéa cérca tóda, y tiéne la cérca de piédra, y de cérca paréce fuérte, The king doth besiege with his people, which he hath about him, the citie, and compasseth it all about, neere vnto it, which hath his wall of stone, and neere hand it séemeth strong.

De mi, A possessiue not accented, as De mi pádre heredé virtúd, Of my father I inherited vertue. But if it be not a possessiue it is accented, as De mí habláys segun véo, You speake of me as I perceiue.

Del, The article not accented, as Del virtuóso es la virtúd amáda, Vertue is beloued of the ho∣nest. But if it be a Pronoune it is accented, as Dios és buéno y dél nos viéne el bién, God is good, and from him commeth goodnes.

Do, Spoken indefinitely not accented, as Do estuviére el buéno estaré yo, Where the good man shall be, there will I be also. But spoken in asking a question it is accented, as Dó está Juán? Where is Iohn?

El, Being an Article not accented, as El buéno téme a Dios, The iust feareth God. If it be a Pronoune then accented, as Crísto nos áma y él nos redimió, Christ loueth vs, and he it is that hath redeemed vs.

Entre, A Preposition not accented, as Entre los sántos desséo estár, I desire to be among the godly. But being a Verbe is accented, as Entré Pédro y no Juán, Let Peter enter and not Iohn.

Mas, The Coniunction not accented, as No hagáis mal, mas hazéd bien, Doe not euill but doe good. But being an Aduerbe, then it is, as Más queéto bíve, &c. y es más querído, He liueth more at quiet, &c. and is better beloued.

Medio, In composition not accented, as Medio en burlas, medio en véras, Halfe in iest, halfe in earnest. If alone, then otherwise, as Tenéd el médio en cosas, Keepe a meane in matters.

Nos, Not accented, as Hábla nos Jesus, Christ telleth vs. But if it be a nominatiue case to the verbe, then it is, as Nós querémos, We will, &c.

Vn, Not accented, as Vn hómbre, A man. But if y the Coniunction goe before, then it is, as Dí le pán, y ún reál, I gaue him bread and sixe pence.

These words following not accented, as

Alo, Alos, Aunque, Con, De, Dela, Delo, Delas, Delos, De mis, Desde, Desque, Don, Doña, E, En, En mis, Enlo, Enlos, Enla, Enlas, Fray, Y, Lo, Le, Me, Micer, Mossen, as Micer sancho, y Mossen Pedro viénen, Master Sanches and Master Peter comes. Ni, Os, Pero, Pues, Por, Quan, Quel, San, Si, Su, So, Tan, Tal. Also all the Articles while they keepe the nature of Articles, which are these,

A, al, ala, alo, alas, alos,

Del, dela, delo, delos, delas,

El, la, las, Lo, los, le, les.

Words of two Accents.

A'ltaménte, Hártobásta, Buénaménte, Biénditaménte, Ciértaménte, Bienaventuradaménte,* 1.63 Dié∣straménte, Gráveménte, Grasiósaménte, Yguálménte, Iúntaménte, Luéngaménte, Magníficaménte, Ra∣zonábleménte, Ráraménte, Sábiaménte.

Words of three Accents.

Múy málaménte, Múybuénaménte.* 1.64

Of Etymologie and the Nowne.

* 1.65ETymologie, is a Rule of shewing and searching out the originall of words, with that pertaineth to them.

This searching out of originall and descendence of words is considered in diuers manners: but among the rest, for the beginners in any language whatsoeuer, this is so necessarie, that without it, they could not vnderstand or learne it: The which by the Latine Grammarians hath beene, and is called Declension and Coniugation (which is likewise a declination) but that the former is of the Nownes, and the other of the Verbes.

The Spaninsh hath eight parts of Speech, as the Latin.

Nowne,	declined.	Aduerbe,	vndeclined.
Pronowne,	Coniunction,
Verbe,	Preposition,
Participle.	Interiection.

Of the Nowne.

Nownes be deuided into Substantiues and Adiectiues, which are likewise deuided into Primitiues,* 1.66 Deriuatiues.

The Primitiue, which is not deriued of any other, but is Primū, of himself, as Abéja, a bee.

The Deriuatiue, is drawen from the Primitiue, as Abejonázo, a great Bee.

And of like nature to these Primitiue nownes, are these Interrogatiues, Redditiues, and Numerals following.

To the Primitiue, these following, and the like are subiect, as

* 1.67The Interrogatiue, as Quién? who? Quál? what manner? Quánto? how much? Quán∣tos? how many.

The Relatiue which answereth to the Interrogatiue, as tal, such a one, Tantos, so many.

* 1.68The Numerall to which these kinds following do belong, as

Cardinal, from which as from a fountaine the rest do spring, these do I wish the learner to haue by hart.

1	vno	21	veinte úno	1500	míl y quiniéntos
2	dos	22	veynte dos, &c.	2000	dos míl
3	tres	30	tréynta	3000	tres míl
* 1.694	quátro	40	quarénta	4000	quátro míl
5	cínco	50	cinquénta	5000	cínco míl
6	seýs	60	sesénta	6000	séys mil
7	siéte	70	seténta	7000	siéte mil
8	ócho	80	ochénta	8000	ócho mil
9	nuéve	90	novénta	9000	nuéve mil
10	diéz	100	cién, or ciénto	10000	diéz mil
11	ónze	101	ciéto y vno	100000	cién míl
12	dóze	200	dociéntos y doziéntos	1000000	millón
13	tréze	300	treziéntos	2000000	dos millónes
14	catórze	400	quatrociéntos	3000000	tres millones
15	quínze	500	quiniéntos
16	diés y séys	600	seysciéntos
17	diéz y siéte	700	siéteciéntos
18	diéz y ócho	800	ochociéntos
19	diez y nuéve	900	nuéve ciéntos
20	véynte	1000	mil

* 1.70The ordinals, which declare the order of a place or time, as Priméro, segúndo, tercéro, quár∣to, quínto, séxto, séptimo, or seténo, octávo, nóno, or novéno, décimo, or dezéno, onzéno, dozéno, trezéno, catorzéno, quinzéno, décimo séxto, décimo séptimo, décimo octávo, décimo nóno, veinté∣no, veinténo úno, veinténo dós, &c. Treinténo, quarenténo, cinquenténo, sesentèno, setenténo, ochen∣téno, noventéno, centésimo, or cienténo, dosienténos, trezenténos, quatrocienténos, quinienténos, seyscienténos, sietecienténos, ochocienténos, nuevecienténos, miléssimo.

Partatiues which signifie many seuerally, as Cáda vno, euery one, Entrámbos,* 1.71 both of them, ni vno, ni ótro, neither of them, or one among many, as ótro, another, algúno some body.

Vniuersals, as tódos, all: ningúno, no bodie.

Particulars, as Algúno, some bodie.

Aduerbials, ioyning the Cardinall Numerals with this Aduerbe vez, as v'na vez, once: dos vézes, twise: tres vezes, thrise: diez vézes, ten times: cien vezes, a hundred times: mil vézes, a thousand times.

Deriuatiues.

Deriuatiues, which haue contained vnder them these following, viz.* 1.72

Of countries or townes, as Aragonéz, a man of Aragon: Andalúz, a man of Andaluzia: Gra∣nadíno, a man of the citie or countrie of Granada: Gaditáno, a man of Cadis or Caliz.

Of the nation, as Dalmácios, people of Dalmatia: Ingléses Englishmen, or people of England: Escosséses, Scottishmen: Francéces, Frenchmen: Móros, blacke Moores: Túrcos, Turkes.

Words in óso are deriuatiue of their Primitiues, as Mentiróso, lying, of Mentíra, a lie:* 1.73 Clamoró∣so, clamorous, of Clamór, clamor: glorióso, &c.

Of signifying excesse in údo, and ázo, as Baruúdo, hauing a great long beard, of Barba, jarrázo, a great blowe with a cup, of jarro a cup: Papúdo, hauing a great wide throate, of Papo a throate: Rodillázo, a great blowe with the knee, of Rodílla a knee.

Deminutiues in íco, íto, éta, uéla, ílla, íllo, as Boníco, Boníto, prettie, good: vaquéta, vaquílla, a little cowe or heifer, of Váca a cowe: Ropilla a little gowne or cassocke, of Ropa: Calderuéla, a little kettle, of Calderón a kettle: Cardeníllo, somwhat blacke and blew, of Cardéno blacke and blewe.

Of Numbers.

To Nounes as well Substantiues as Adiectiues, there are these affections following belonging, Number, Case, Gender.

The Number sheweth the quantitie, the Case the qualitie, and the Gender the sexe.

There are two Numbers. The Singular and the Plurall.* 1.74

The Singular speaking of one, as Libro, a booke.

The Plurall of moe, as Líbros, bookes.

This is a generall Rule, if the singular number doe end in a vowell,* 1.75 the plurall num∣ber is made by putting to s, as Palábra, palábras, Cuérpo, cuérpos, Muérte, muértes, Ja∣valí, javalís.

Except some few, which must haue es added to them, as Rey, réyes, Léy, léyes, Fe, fées, Buéy, buéyes, so in this manner all nounes ending in consonants must haue es added to them, as Mer∣céd, mercédes, Ciudád, ciudádes, Mortál, mortáles, Pastór, pastóres, &c.

Of Cases.

The Spanish hath Cases as the Latine, but all in one ending or termination,* 1.76 and are declined with an article, as the Nominatiue with el la, the Genitiue with the Preposition De, as the Italian and French, the Datiue Para, the Accusatiue a, the Ablatiue as the Genitiue de.

Of Genders.

There are three,

• The Masculine, as El Pádre, the father.* 1.77
• The Feminine, as La Mádre, the mother.
• The Neuter, which is of small vse with the Spanyard, as Lo sincéro, Lo malo, for they speake by the substantiue, as La Sinceridád, El mal.

To knowe the Genders, obserue well these Rules following.

All nounes ending in l, o, or r, are commonly of the Masculine gender, as Cardinál, a Car∣dinall, Cárdo, a Thistle, Pastór, a Shepherd. Except la Cárcél, a prison, la Piél, the skin, la Ca∣nál, a Gutter, la Equinoctiál, the Equinoctiall, la Nauál, a battell at sea, la Hiél, gall, la Sál, Salt, la Máno, a hand.

All Nounes for the most part in a, d, or ion, are of the Feminine gender, as Mantéca,* 1.78 Butter, Magestád, Maiestie, Deliberación, Deliberation.

Names of trees com∣monly the Masculine gender, and the fruits the feminine, as

• El Perál, a Peare tree.
• El Ciruélo, a Plum tree.
• El Narrānjo, an Orange tree.
• El Cidro, the Citron tree.
• El Mançáno, the Apple tree.
• El Camuéso, the Pippen tree.
• El Cerézo, the Cherrie tree.
• El Alméndro, the Almond tree.
• El Avelláno, the Hazell nut tree.
• El Castáño, the Chestnut tree.
• El Nogál, the Wallnut tree.
• El Azeytúno, the Oliue tree.
• El Olívo, idem.
• El Morál, the Mulbery tree.
• El Granádo, the Pomgranat tree.
• La Péra, the Peare.
• La Ciruéla, the Plum.
• La Narrānja, the Orange.
• La Cidra, the Citron fruit.
• La Mançāna, the Apple.
• La Camuésa, the Pippen.
• La Ceréza, the Cherrie.
• La Alméndra, the Almond.
• La Avellána, the Hazell nut.
• La Castáña, the Chestnut.
• La Nuez, the Wall nut.
• La Azeytúna, the Oliue.
• La Olíva, idem.
• La Móra, the Mulberie fruit.
• La Granáda, the Pomgranate.

* 1.79Except these whose tree and fruite are both Masculine, as

• El Menbríllo, the Quince tree and Quince fruite.
• El Limon, the Limon tree and fruite.
• El Alvérchigo, the Apricocke tree and fruite.
• El Avercóque, idem.
• El Péro, the tree and fruite of a kinde of Apple, very rawe, and cold by nature, good to roste, red on one side.

* 1.80Except these also whose fruit is the Masculine & tree the Feminine, as

• El Higo, the Fig.
• El Dátil, the Date.
• El Razímo, the bunch of grapes.
• La Higuéra, the Fig tree.
• La Pálma, the Date tree or Palme tree.
• La Parra, the Vine, or La víd.

* 1.81Verbals in or are of the masculine gender, and make themselues feminine, by putting to a, as Habladór, a prater, Habladóra, a she prater.

Likewise Nownes in o, make their feminine, by changing o into a, as Honrádo, honored, Honráda: Suégro, a father in law, Suégra, a mother in law.

Of Declensions and of the Article.

* 1.82The Spanish (as likewise the Italian and French) haue but one manner of Declen∣sion or declining, that is with the Article, which in Spanish is thus declined:

Article mascu∣line Sing.	Nom. el.	Plu.	Nom. los.
Gen. del, de lo.	Gen, del los.	Dat. Para el, Para lo.	Dat. para los.
Acc. a el, al, alo.	Acc. alos.
Ab. del, delo.	Ab. delos.

The Feminine Article thus.

Article femi∣nine Sing.	Nom. la.	Plu.	Nom. las.
Gen. de la.	Gen. de las.
Dat. para la.	Dat. para las.
Acc. al, ala.	Accus. a las.
Abl. de la.	Abl. de las.

In the Spanish (as Italian and French) the Article Masculine is put oftentimes in steede of the Feminine, when the word beginneth with a vowell, as el agua, the water, el alma, the soule: to make the pronunciation more sweete Euphoniae gratia, and it may also be put la agua, la alma.

Also in the Spanish (as Italian and French) the Article is neuer separated from Nownes Appellatiues, neither in Singular nor Plurall number: as Spanish, el libro, los li∣bros,* 1.83 la cámara, a chamber, las cámaras. But in Nownes proper it is not vsed so: for it were absurd to say, el Francisco, la Iuána: neither is it vsed with this word Dios, except there be ioyned with it some Epitheton, as el Dios todo poderóso, God almightie.

Declining of a Nowne.

All nownes are thus de∣clined, Sing	Nom. el maétro.	Plu.	Nom. los maéstros.
Gen. del maéstro.	Gen. de los maétros.
Dat. para el maéstro.	Dat. para los maétros.
Acc. a el, or al maéstro.	Acc. a los maéstros.
Abl. del maéstro.	Abl. de los maéstros.

The femi∣nine gender thus, Sing.	Nom. la doctrína.	Plu.	Nom. las doctrínas.
Gen. de la doctrína.	Gen. de las doctrínas.
Dat. para la doctrína.	Dat. para las doctrínas.
Acc. a la doctrína.	Acc. a las doctrínas.
Abl. de la doctrína.	Abl. de las doctrínas.

Adiectiues are declined like the Substantiues both singular and plurall number.

Comparatiues and Superlatiues.

The Spanish to make comparison, in the Comparatiue degree vseth this particle Mas,* 1.84 as Mas diligénte, more diligent, Mas vil, more vile: and to diminish, they vse Ménos, as Ménos dili∣génte, lesse diligent, Ménos vil, lesse vile.

The Superlatiue.

The Superlatiue is made of this particle Muy, as Muy iusto, verie iust:* 1.85 sometime with ex∣aggerating & magnifying a matter, they forme their Superlatiues from nownes Adiectiues, as Ilustrissimo, Humanissimo, Hermosissima, most excellent, most humaine, most beautifull.

These following thus compared

• Buéno, mejór, or mas buéno.
• ...Malo, peór, muy málo.
• Gránde, mayór, muy gránde, or Grandissimo.
• Chico, menór, or mas chico, muy chico.
• Mucho, mas, muy mucho, or muchíssimo.
• ...Poco, ménos, muy poco.

There be also Aduerbes of qualitie which are vsed with Comparatiue & Superlatiue, as nownes whereof they come, as Muy mas elegantaménte, much more eloquently, Muy mas discre∣taménte, much more discreetly. In like manner, Prepositions, as Detrás, behinde, mas Detrás, more behinde, muy Detras, much behinde: Debáxo, beneath or vnder, mas Debáxo, more below or vnder, muy Debáxo, much vnder or beneath.

A Pronoune.

The Spanish Pronoune is as the Latine, like a Noune, and is vsed in rehearsing, of a proper name of Pro and Nomen, i. for the name and in spéech is vsed therefore.

Pronounes are deuided into

• Primitiues and
• Deriuatiues.

The Primitiues are these, yo, tu, si, éste, aquéste, el, ésse, aquél, el qual, que, quien, mismo,* 1.86 to which Mismo all before going may be coupled, as yo mismo, I my selfe: tu mismo, thou thy selfe: si mismo, himselfe: el mismo, he himselfe, and so may you say yo misma, tu misma, &c. they are cal∣led Primitiues bicause they are Primi, first, and not deriued of others.

Primitiues deuided into

• Demonstratiues.
• Relatiues.

They are called Demonstratiues bicause they shewe a thing not spoken of before, as yo, tu,* 1.87 si, aquel, este, el.

Relatiues as repeating or hauing relation to some thing spoken before, as el, este, que,* 1.88 quien, el qual.

Deriuatiues or Possessiues,* 1.89 because they be deriued of the Primitiues and signifie pos∣session, as belonging to something, as mio, or mi: tuyo, or tu: suyo or su, nuéstro, vuéstro.

In Pronounes are chiefely to be noted, the Persons, bicause all Nounes and Partici∣ples

be of the thirde Person, but Pronounes of all three Persons, as yo and his Plurall nos, be of the first Person, Tu and his Plurall vos, of the second: and all the rest whatsoeuer of the thirde Person, according to this rule. All Nounes, Pronounes, and Participles, be of the third Person, except yo and tu.

The first person Yo, thus declined.

* 1.90Sing.	Nom. yo.	Plu.	Nom. nos, nosótros.	Fem. Plu.	Nosótras.
Gen. de mi.	Gen. de nos, de nosótros.	de nosótras.
Dat. Para mi.	Dat. Para nos, para nosótros.	Para nosótras.
Accu. a mi, a me.	Accu. a nos, a nosótros.	a nosótras.
A bla. de mi.	Abla. de nos, de nosótros.	de nosótra.

* 1.91This Pronoune in the singular number serueth as well for the Masculine as Feminine gender, so in the Plurall doth Nos. But Nosótros onely to the Masculine, and Nosótras to the Feminine.

The Spaniard in speech & writing vseth this Pronoune Nos with the first person Plu∣rall of the Imperatiue moode, by taking away s, from the Verbe, as Vámonos, for Vámos Nos, let vs go: Dexámonos, for Dexámos Nos, let vs leaue.

From this Pronoune Primitiue are two other deriued, one from the Singular number, as Mio, from yo, another from the Plurall Number as Nuestro from Nosótros.

* 1.92Mio, Mia, in Latine Meus, mea, meum, in Italian Mio, mia, in French Mon, ma.

Example.

	Mascul.	Fem.		Mascul,	Fem.
Sing.	Nom. Mi, mio.	Mia.	Plu.	Nom. Mis, mios.	Mias.
Gen. de mi, de mio.	de mia.	Gen. de mis, de mios.	de mias.
Dat. Para mi, para mio.	para mia.	Dat. para mis, para mios.	para mias.
Accu. a mi, a mio.	a mia.	Accu. a mis, a mios.	a mias.
Abla. de mi, de mio.	de mia.	Abla. de mis, de mios.	de mias.

The learner in the Spanish must note, the manner how the Spaniard vseth these Pos∣sessiues, Mi, mio, Tu, tuyo, Su, suyo: and when he ought to vse them in speech or writing, other∣wise straight he will bewray himselfe in vsing vnproperly the toong.

* 1.93Mi, tu, su, are still vsed, ioyned with another worde, as Mi cavállo, my horse, not Mio caval∣lo: Tu piensamento, thy thought, not Tuyo piensamento: Su provécho, his profite, not Suyo Pro∣vécho.

But when a question is asked, and Mio, Tuyo, Suyo, put absolutely and not ioyned, as Cuya es essa espáda? whose rapier is this? Answere: Mia, tuya, suya, mine, thine, his: and not Mi, tu, su: De quien es este cuchillo? whose knife is this? Answere, Mio, tuyo, suyo: and not, Mi, tu, su. In like sorte when they make a relation of a thing spoken of before, and are placed at the end of a sentence, clause or period, as éste cavallo no es mio, mas deaquél que a milo dexó, pa∣raque yo fuésse a vna casa tuya: this horse is not mine but his that left it me, that I should ride to one of thy houses, and you cannot say, éste cávallo es mi, que yo fuesse a vna casa tu.

These and many such like I wish the learner in the Spanish to marke diligently in authors as he reades.

* 1.94To make the Plural number of Mi, Tu, Su, adde to s, as Mis, Tus, Sus, and so of other words whatsoeuer, as before of numbers in the Noune.

This other deriued from the Plurall Nosótros is thus declined.

	Mascul.	Fem.		Mascul.	Fem.
Sing.	Nom. Nuéstro,	Nuéstra.	Plur.	Nom. Nuéstros,	Nuéstras.
Gen. de Nuéstro,	de Nuéstra.	Gen. de Nuéstros,	de Nuéstras.
Dat. para Nuéstro,	para Nuéstra.	Dat. para Nuéstros,	para Nuestras.
Accus. a Nuéstro,	a Nuéstra.	Accus. a Nuéstros,	a Nuéstras.
Ablat. de Nuéstro,	de Nuéstra.	Ablat. de Nuestros,	de Nuéstras.

The second person Tu, thus declined.

		Mascul.	Fem.
* 1.95Sing.	Nom. Tu,	Plur.	Nom. Vos Vosótros,	Vosótras.
Gen. de Ti,	Gen. de Vos de Vosótros,	de Vosótras.
Dat. para Ti,	Dat para Vos para Vosótros,	para Vosótras.
Accu. a Ti, a Te,	Accus. a Vos a Vosótros,	a Vosótras.
Abl. de Te,	Ablat. de Vos de Vosótros,	de Vosótras.

* 1.96Note that the Spanyard most ordinarily ioyneth to the Infinitiue moode of any verbe, this particle os, which is as much as vos, as Habláros, to speake vnto you, Véros, to see you, De∣ziros, to tell you.

Of this Primitiue, likewise come two Deriuatiues, the one of the Singular number, as of Tu comes Tuyo, in Latin Tuus, Tua, Tuum, Italian Tuo, Tua, French Ton, Ta. The other of the Plurall, Vos or Vosótros comes Vuéstro.

Example.

	Mascul.	Fem.		Mascul.	Fem.
Sing.	Nom. Tu, Túyo,	Túya.	Plur.	Nom. Tus, Túyos,	Túyas.
Gen. de Tu, de Túyo,	Túya.	Gen. de Tus, de Túyos,	Túyas.
Dat. para Tu, para Túyo,	Túya.	Dat. para Tus, para Túyos,	Túyas.
Accus. a Tu, a Túyo,	Túya.	Accus. a Tus, a Túyos,	Túyas.
Abl. de Tu, de Túyo,	de Túya.	Ablat. de Tus, de Túyos,	de Túyas.

But note how the Spanyard and Italian accounteth it a disgrace to speake to any man in the second person singular either in the Nominatiue Tu, or in other cases Ti or Te,* 1.97 except it be to his Neager, his slaue, his lackie, horsekeeper, or to some of base & vile account. To their ser∣uants of the better reckoning, and to artificers and such like persons they speake in the seconde person Plurall, as Traéd aqui, bring hither, &c. Yréys a mi çapitéro, you shal goe to my shoomaker, Direys que me haga unos borzeguís, and you shall tell him that he make me a paire of buskins.

To all others they vse the third person, as Quiere V.M. andár, will your Mastership go?* 1.98

Ruéga a V.M. que me haga essa mercéd, &c. I intreat your Mastership that you doe me this curtesie, &c.

And whereas Englishmen say You, the French Vous,* 1.99 the Spanyard and the Italian spea∣keth in the third person singular, as V.M. V.S. your Mastership, or worship.

The other Deriuatiue of the plurall number is this, Vuéstro, of Vos or Vosótros,* 1.100 in Latine Vester, Vestra, Vestrum, in Italian Vostro, Vostra, French Vostre, in English Yours.

Example.

Sing.	Nom. Vuéstro,	Vuéstra.	Plural.	Nom. Vuéstros,	Vuéstras.* 1.101
Gen. de Vuéstro,	Vuéstra.	Gen. de Vuéstros,	Vuéstras.
Dat. para Vuéstro,	Vuéstra.	Dat. para Vuéstros,	Vuéstras.
Accus. a Vuéstro,	Vuéstra.	Accus. a Vuéstros,	Vuéstras.
Ablat. de Vuéstro,	Vuéstra.	Ablat. de Vuéstros,	Vuéstras.

The third person Si, thus declined.* 1.102

Sing. and Plural.

• Nom. caret.
• Gen. de si,
• Dat. para si.
• Accu. a si.
• Abl. de si.

Of this Primitiue one Deriuatiue, which signifieth in Latin, Suus, sua, suum: Italian, Suo, sua: French, Sien, sienne: English, His, as.

Example.

	Mascul.	Fem.		Mascul.	Fem.
Sing.	Nom. su, Súyo,	Súya.	Plu.	Nom. sus, Súyos,	Súyas.* 1.103
Gen. de su, Súyo,	Súya.	Gen. de sus, Súyos,	Súyas.
Dat. para su, Súyo,	Súya.	Dat. para sus, Súyos,	Súyas.
Accu. a su, Súyo,	Súya.	Accus. a sus, Súyos,	Súyas.
Abl. de su, Súyo,	Súya.	Abl. de sus, Súyos,	Súyas.

I proceed with the examples of all the Pronounes following by declining them, because as I before saide: it is one of the difficultest things in the toong to haue the true vse of them, and whereby a stranger or the vnlearned in his speech or writing, shall soonest discouer himselfe to the naturall or learned in the toong. Wherefore let not onely the yoong learner;* 1.104 but also the well grounded, and those that are able to discourse and write the toong well, obserue how and when these Pronounes following (so little differing the one from the other) are to be vsed in their due time and place, as followeth:

These two, E'ste and Aquéste, doe signifie vnto vs any thing that is neere vs, in that signi∣fication as the Latin, Hic, haec, hoc: in Italian, Cotesto, Cotesta, Costuy, Costei, Questo, Questa: in French, Cestuy cy, Ceste cy, Cecy: in English, this heere, or this man heere. They do differ thus.* 1.105

E'ste and Aquéste, in Latin, Hic, is he, or that which is neere or next to me.

E'sse, in Latin, Iste, he or that, neere or next to thee.

Aquél and El, in Latin, Ille, is he, or that which is neither by me nor thee, but a part from vs both.

Example.

	Mascul.	Fem.	Neu.		Mascul,	Fem.
Sing.	Nom. éste,	ésta,	ésto.	Plu.	Nom. éstos,	éstas,
Gen. déste,	désta,	désto.	Gen. déstos,	déstas,
Dat. para éste,	para ésta,	para ésto.	Dat. para éstos,	para éstas.
Accus. a éste,	a ésta.	a ésto.	Accus. a éstos,	a éstas.
Abl. déste,	désto.	désto.	Abl. déstos,	déstas.

In the singular number of this Pronouns, the first wordes in e, as éste, déste, para éste, &c. are of the Masculine gender: the second, ésta, désta, para ésta, &c. of the Feminine: the third, as ésto, désto, &c. of the Neuter: but in the Plurall, the first is the Masculine & Neuter: the other the Feminine gender.

* 1.106In the Genitiue case, we say déste, and déstos, casting away the first e, Euphoniae gratia, that it might sound the smoother, yet one may also say, de éste, de éstos.

* 1.107Aquéste, Aquésta, Aquésto, declined as in the example next aboue, and so is, E'sse, E'ssa, E'sso: in Latin, Iste, ista, istud: the Italians and French haue no proper words to expresse it, but must vse circumlocution: in English, he or that, neere or next to thee.

Mismo,* 1.108 Misma, Mismo, declined after the same.

Aquél, El.

Aquél, and El: in Latin, Ille illa, illud: Italian, Quello, colui, quella, Colei: French, Celuy iceluy, Cella, icelle, he or that which is neither neere me nor thee, declined both alike.

Note that this El, a Pronoune, and El the Article doe differ in declining, specially in the plurall number.* 1.109 This making E'llos, and that Los, as by comparing the one with the other, the Reader may see. Looke the declining of the Article El before in the Nowne.

	Mascul.	Fem.	Neu.
Sing.	Nom. el,	élla,	éllo.	Plu.	Nom. éllos,	éllas.
Gen. dél,	d' élla,	d'éllo.	Gen. d'éllos,	d'éllas.
Dat. para el,	para élla,	para éllo.	Dat. para éllos,	para éllas.
Acc. a el,	a élla,	a éllo.	Accu. a éllos,	a éllas.
Abl. d'el,	d' élla,	d'éllo.	Abl. d'éllos,	d'éllas.

* 1.110Note that the Spaniard commonly vseth this Pronoune Le before a Verbe thus, Le ví∣no a la memoria, it came to his memorie: Le díxo, he told him: Que del alma le salía, which came from his soule: Dar le lo, to giue him that: Le respondió, he answered him.

* 1.111Also the Spaniard vseth this Pronoune Le ioyned to the Infinitiue moode of a verbe, by changing r of the Infinitiue into l, Euphoniae gratia, as Hablárle, to speake vnto him, Hablálle: Oýle, to heare him, Oylle: Vérle, to see him, Velle.

Now followeth Que, Quien, El Qual, in Latine Quis, Qui, Qua, Quod, in Italian, Chi, Che, Il Quale, La Quale, in French, Qui, Lequel, Laquelle, in English, who, which, thus.

* 1.112

Sing. and Plural.

• Nom. Qué.
• Gen. de Qué.
• Dat. para Qué.
• Accus. a Qué.
• Ablat. de Qué.

In this same manner is Quien declined.

* 1.113El qual.

	Masc.	Fem.	Neut.				Fem.
Sing.	Nom.	el qual,	la qual,	lo qual.	Plur.	Nom.	los quales,	las quales.
Gen.	del qual,	de la qual,	de lo qual.	Gen.	de los quales,	de las quales.
Dat.	para qual,	para la qual,	para lo qual.	Dat.	para los quales,	para las quales.
Accus.	al qual,	a la qual,	a lo qual.	Accus.	a los quales,	a las quales.
Ablat.	del qual,	de la qual,	de lo qual.	Ablat.	de los quales,	de las quales.

* 1.114Of Verbes.

THe Spanish tongue hath the same kinde of Verbes, Moodes, Tonfes, Numbers and Per∣sons as the Latine.* 1.115 But for the verbe passiue, they make of the verbe Soy, in Latine Sum, es, fui, and a participle, as Amádo, Leýdo, Partído, as Soi Amádo, Leýdo, Partído, I am loued, read, parted, or with this Accusatiue case or particle Se, with the third person actiue singular or plural, as Se dize, it is saide, Se dízen, they are saide, as hereafter in their place more at large shall be de∣clared.

* 1.116Also they haue the Gerund in Do in the same manner as the Latines, as Amándo, Leyéndo,

Oyéndo, in Louing, Reading, Hearing. But for the Gerund in Di and Dum of the Latine, they expresse after another manner. For Gerund in Di the Spanyard vseth the Infinitiue moode and the preposition De, as De amar, of Louing, De leer, of Reading. For the Gerund in Dum, the Infinitiue moode and the Preposition A, or the Infinitiue moode of Soy with a Participle, as A amár, or Ser amádo, to be Loued, A oýr or Ser oýdo, to be Heard.

And in like manner their Supines, whereas the Latines say,

• ...Amat••••••,
• ...Amatu,

they say,

• ...A amar.* 1.117
• ...Do ser amado.

• And for Participles of the Actiue voice, Aman••, El que ama.* 1.118
• For Participle of the Passiue voice, Amatus, Lo que es amádo.
• For Participle of the Future in Rus, Amaturus, El que ha o espéra de amár.
• For Participle of the Future in Dus, Amandus, Lo que ha de fer amádo.

All which by particular examples following shall plainly to the Reader appeere.

Of Coniugations.

The Spanish hath three coniugations, onely both of Verbes Regular, and Irregular.

1 The first endeth in ar, as Mirár, to behold: Hablár, to speake.

2 The second in er, as Perdér, to loose: Caér, to fall.

3 The third in yr or ir, as oýr, to heare: Cumplír, to accomplish.

Tenses.

The first Person singular of the Indicatiue moode Present tense of all Verbes Regular, of what Coniugation soeuer, alwaies endeth in o, Míro, I beholde, Háblo, I speake, Piérdo, I loose: Oygo, I heare.

Indicatiue moode.

Euerie

• Preterimperfect of the Indicatiue, of Verbes Regular, of the seconde and thirde Coniugation in ia, or ya, as Perdía, I did lose: Caýa, I did fall, &c. Oýa, I did heare, Complía, I did accomplish, &c. And of the first coniugation all in áva, as Miráva, I did behold: Habláva, I did speake.
• First Preterperfect in y, or i, as oý, perdí. I haue heard, I haue lost: but of the first Coniugation all in é, as Miré, I haue beholden: Hablé, I haue spoken.
• Second Preterperfect of al the three Coniugations of all Verbes with this Verbe Hé, and the Participle, as Hé mirádo, I haue beholden: Hé leýdo, I haue read: Hé oýdo, I haue heard.
• Preterpluperfect thus, avía mirádo, leýdo, oýdo, I had beholden, read, heard.
• Future, of the Indicatiue of all Verbes Regular, & Irregular in ré, as Hablaié, I will speake: Leyré, oyeré, haré, podré, sabré, Daré.

The Terminations of Verbs thus varied as followeth.

Euerie	Imperfect of the Indica∣tiue of the se∣cond & thirde Coniugation thus varied.	ía,	or	ýa,	as	Perdía,	as	oýa,
ías,	ýas,	Perdías,	oýas,
ía,	ýa,	Perdía,	oýa,
íamos,	ýamos,	Perdíamos,	oýamos,
íades,	ýades,	Perdíades,	oýades,
ían,	yan,	Perdían,	oýan.

Euerie Imperfect of the Indicatiue of the first Coniugation, in áva, ávas, áva: ávamos, ávades, ávan, as Habláva, hablávas, habláva, hablávamos, hablávades, ha∣blávan.

Euerie	Future of the Indicatiue of all Verbes of all Coniuga∣tions.	ré,	of first, seconde, and third, Con∣iugation in
rás,	ár,	hablaré,	by adding é long or accent to the Infin. moode r.
rá,	ér,	perderé,
rémos	ír,	oyré,
réys,
rán,

The Terminations of the Optatiue and Subiunctiue.

Euerie	Present Tense of the Optatiue and Subiunctiue of Verbes of the first Coniugation thus, by changing o, of the In∣dicatiue Present tense into e, thus,	e,	as	háble,
es,	hábles,
e,	háble,
émos,	hablémos,
éys,	habléys,
en,	háblen.

Euerie	Present of the Optatiue and Subiunctiue of the seconde and thirde Coniugation, by chaunging o, of the Present of the Indicatiue into a, thus,	a,	perda,
as,	perdas,
a,	pérda,
ámos,	perdámos,
aýs,	perdáys,
án,	pérdan,

Euerie	Preterimper. of the Optatiue & Subiunctiue of Verbes of the first Coniuga∣tion thus,	ára, ría, ásse,	hablára, habraría, hablásse,
áras, rías, ásses,	habláras, hablarías, hablásses,
ára, ría, ásse,	hablára, hablaría, hablásse,
áramos, ríamos, ássemos,	habláramos, hablaríamos, hablássemos,
árades, ríades, ássedes,	hablárades, hablaríades, hablássedes,
áran, rían, ássen,	habláran, hablarían, hablássen,

Euerie	Preterimperfect of the the Opta∣tiue and Sub∣iunctiue of the second and thirde Coniug. thus,	éra, ría, ésse,	perdiéra, perdería, perdiésse,
éras, rías, ésses,	perdiéras, perderías, perdiésses,
éra, ría, ésse,	perdiéra, perdería, perdiésses,
éramos, ríamos, éssemos,	perdiéramos, perderíamos, perdiéssemos,
érades, ríades, éssedes.	perdiérades, perderíades, perdiéssedes,
éran, rían, éssen,	perdiéran, perderían, perdiéssen.

And these Preterimperfect Tenses as all other of what Coniugation soeuer of Verbes Regular, and Irregular, forme two voices of themselues of the seconde person singular of the first Preterperfect Tense of the Indicatiue moode, by taking awaie Ste, and by making it in the first Coniugation, ára, and ásse, as of this seconde person of the Preterperfect of the Indicatiue singular, Reveláste, commeth the Preterimperfect of the Optatiue, and Subiunctiue Revelára, Revelásse, and of the second and thirde Coniugation of all Verbes Regular and Irregular, by changing that ste, into éra and ésse, as of this Indicatiue moode entendiste, commeth the Preter∣imperfect of the Optatiue and Subiunctiue, entendiéra, entendiésse, of oýste, commeth oyéra, oyésse: of díste, diéra, diésse: of estuvíste, estuviéra, estuviésse: of anduvíste, anduviéra, anduviésse: of pudíste, pudiéra, pudiésse. And they forme the thirde voice of this Preterimperfect by putting to ia, to the Infinitiue moode, as of the Infinitiue revelar, commeth this Preterimperfect revelaría, of the Imfinitiue entendér, entenderíia, of oýr, oyría, of dár, daría, of estár, estaría, andár, andaría.

Euery	Future of the Optatiue and Subiunctiue of verbes of the first coniugation, thus	áre,	as	Habláre.
áres,	Habláres.
áre,	Habláre.
áremos,	Habláremos.
áredes,	Habláredes.
áren.	Habláren.

Euery	Future of the second & third Coniugation of the Opt. and Subiunctiue, thus	ére,	as	Perdiére,	Oyére.
éres,	Perdiéres,	Oyéres.
ére,	Perdiére,	Oyére.
éremos,	Perdiéremos,	Oyéremos.
éredes,	Perdiéredes,	Oyéredes.
éren.	Perdiéren.	Oyéren.

Now it remaineth to giue a Paradigma or example of euery Coniugation of their Moodes, Tenses, Numbers and Persons, that the Student in the tongue may forme the rest by, which is the chiefest point of this our Grammar, and without the which the learner shall neuer be able to write or speake but by aime and rote, and so be discouraged from so laudable a purpose.

And for the better delight of the Reader, and for the affinitie of these two tongues,* 1.119 as for the pleasure and profit he may reape hereby, I haue here in the Examples following, set downe the Italian, that the vnderstander of both tongues, may with one labour (and yet at his ease) see the difference, the one from the other, and be hereby able in vnderstanding, writing and spea∣king, to practise either of them, without vsing the one for the other, or mixing them (a thing offensiue to the Spaniards nature, as all knowe who haue trauelled in Spaine.) For euen as two things very like one to the other, if you see them at diuers times, and in diuers places, may easily make one miscarrie his memorie, and mistake the one for the other, when you see either of them againe by it selfe:

So if you sée them both at one time, and in one place togither, and take good heede of them by comparing them; no doubt by one marke or other, you shall euer after be able to discerne, know and call them: euen so these two languages (sometime altogither so like) being thus laid togither, will cause the Reader easily to discerne and remember them.

Avér and Sér.

And bicause this verbe Avér, in Latine Habere, in Italian Hauere, in French Auoir,* 1.120 in Eng∣lish to Haue, and Sér, in Latine Esse, Italian Essere, French Estre, English to Be, doe serue to the coniugating or declining of all other verbes: They are best in my opinion first to be declined, especially this verbe Avér, which may fitly be called Verbum auxiliarium, a helpfull verbe, bicause he doth not onely helpe to decline himselfe in his owne preterperfect and preterpluperfect, but doth serue to decline all other verbes whatsoeuer in the same tenses, as by the Examples fol∣lowing you may see. And this verbe Sér, as before serueth, as in the Italian and French to decline all verbes Passiues, for without it neither the Spanish, Italian or French can forme or decline their Passiues, as following you may perceiue.

* 1.121The declining of the first Auxiliar verbe Avér, in Italian Hauere, in Latin Habere, in English to Haue.

Indicatiue moode.

	Spanish.	Italian.	Latin.
Pres.	Yo HE,	Io Ho & Haggio, Poeticall.	Ego HABEO,	I Haue.
Tu ás,	tu Hai,	tu Habes,	thou Hast.
Aque••á or há.	coluihá, & háue, Poetical.	ille Habet.	he hath.
Plural.	Plural.	Plural.	Plural.
nosótros Avémos or Hémos	Noi habbiámo & hauémo,	Nos Habemus,	we Haue.
vosótros Avéys.	voi Hauéte,	vos Habetis.	yee Haue.
aquellos án or hán.	colóro Hánno.	illi Habent.	they Haue.

Imper¦fect.	Avía,	Hauéua & Hauéa,	Habebam,	I had
Avías,	Hauéui,	habebas,	thou Hadst, &c.
Avía.	Hauéua & Hauéa.	habebat, &c.
Plur.	Plur.
Avíamos,	Haueuámo & haueámo,
Avíades,	Haueuáte,
Avían.	Hauéuano & hauéano.

First preter∣perfect	úve,	Hébbi,	Habui,	I haue had, &c
uvíste,	hauésti,	habuisti, &c.
úvo or húvo or óvo,	hébbe.
Uvímos,	Hauémmo,
uvistes,	hauéste,
uviéron or huviéron or ovi∣éron.	hébbero.

Secōd perfect.	yo He,	Avído	Io Ho,	ha••úto	Habui,	I haue Had, &c.
tu ás,	tu hai,	habuisti, &c.
aquél á or ha.	colui ha,
nosótros hémos or avémos,	noi habbiámo,
vosótros aveýs,	voi hauéte,
aquéllos án or hán.	colóro hanno.

pluper∣fect tēse	Avía,	Avído	Hauéua,	hauúto	Habueram, &c.	I had Had, &c.
avías,	hauéui,
avía.	hauéua.
Avíamos,	haueuámo,
avíades,	haueuáte,
avían.	hauéuano.

Futur	Avré,	Haueró, hauró & haró,	Habebo, &c.	I shal or wil haue, &c.
Avrás,	hauerái, haurái & harái,
Avrá.	hauerá, haurá & hará.
Avrémos,	Hauerémo, haurémo & harémo,
Avreýs,	haueréte, hauréte & haréte,
Avrán.	haueránno, hauránno & haránno.

Imperatiue moode.

áyas tu,	Habbitu,	Habe, habeto, &c.	Haue thou, &c.
áya aquel,	habbia colui,
ayámos nosótros,	habbiámo noi,
ayáys vosótros,	habbiáte voi,
áyan aquéllos.	habbíano colóro.

The Spanyards vse in steede of this Imperatiue moode, this word Ten of Tengo, I hold: which Tengo is often vsed of them for this verbe He.

This Imperatiue moode, Ten of Tengo, so commonly vsed for áyas, áya, is thus declined:* 1.122

The Imperatiue of Tenér, ordinarily vsed for the Im∣perat. of AVE'R, to Haue.	Tén tu.	Hold thou.
Ténga aquel.	let him Hold.
Tengámus nosótros,	Hold we, or let vs Hold.
Tenéd vosótros.	Hold yee.
Téngan aquéllos.	Hold they, or let them Hold.

The Optatiue moode is vsed with these signes, Oxala, or else Osi, or Pluguiésse a Dios: in Latin, Vtinam: in Italian, O Dio voglia, O che, Dio volesseche, O Dio che: French, Dieu vuelle, Pleust a Dieu: English, would to God, I pray God; God graunt. The Potentiall like the Latin,* 1.123 with these signes, May, can, might, would, Should, or ought: both declined like the Subiunctiues following: but that the Optatiue and Potentiall alwaies make their Future tense and Pre∣sent tense all alike, as Oxalá yo áya, I pray God I haue: so in the Future, Oxalá yo áya, I pray God I haue hereafter: Oxalá yo Revéle, God graunt I reueale: Future tense also, Ox∣alá yo Revéle, God graunt I reueale hereafter: and so of the rest.

And because the Optatiue and Potential haue their Future tenses al one with their Pre∣sent: and the Subiunctiue hath two Futures, and both differing from the Present, I hold it needfull to decline the Subiunctiue, by whom the other two are framed.

Subiunctiue moode

	Spanish.		Italian.		Latin.
Pres. Como.	áya,	Quando	Hábbia,	Cum	Habeam,	when I had.
áyas,	Hábbi,	Habeas, &c.	when thou Hadst, &c.
áya.	Hábbia.
ayámos,	Habbiámo,
ayáys,	Habbiáte,
áyan.	Hábbiano.

Imperf. Como	auría, uviéra, uviésse,	Quando	haueréi, hauería, hauéssi,	Cum	haberem, &c.	when I Had, or did haue, &c.
aurías, uviéras, uviésses,	hauerésti, hauésti, hauéssi,
auría, uviéra, uviésse.	hauerébbe, hauería, hauésse.
auríamos, uviéramos, uviéssemos,	hauerémmo, hauéssimo,
auríades, uviérades, uviéssedes,	haueréste, hauéste,
aurían, uviéran, uviéssen.	hauerébbono, haueríano, hauéssero.

Or decline with H. Huviéra, Huviésse, or Oviéra, Oviésse.

Perfec. Como	áya,	avído.	Quando	hábbia,	Hauúto.	Cum.	habuerim, &c.	when I haue had, &c.
áyes,	hábbi,
áya.	hábbia.
ayámos,	habbiámo,
ayáys,	habbiáte,
áyan.	hábbiano.

Pluper. Como	uviéra, or uviésse,	avído.	Quando	hauessi,	hauúto.	Cum	habuissem, &c.	when I had had, &c.
uviéras, or uviésses,	hauésti,
uviéra, or uviésse.	hauésse.
uviéramos, or uviéssemos,	hauéssimo,
uviérades, or uviéssedes,	hauéste,
uviéran, or uviéssen.	hauéssero.

First Future Como	uviére,	Quando	haueró,	banáto.	Cum	habuero, &c.	when I shall haue here∣after, &c.
uviéres,	hauerái,
uviére.	hauerá.
uviéremos,	hauerémo,
uviéredes,	haueréte,
uviéren.	haueránno.

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Second Future Como	auré,	avído. Quando	haueró,	hauúto. Cum	habuero, &c.	when I shall haue hereaf∣ter, &c.
aurás,	hauerái,
aurá,	hauerá.
aurémos,	hauerémo,
auréys,	haueréte,
aurán.	haueránno.

Infinitiue moode Present tense

AVE'R,]

Hauere,]

Habere,]

to Haue.

Preterperfect tense

Avér avído,]

Hauer hauúto,]

Habuisse,]

to Haue had.

The Future tense

Espéro de avér,	Douer hauere,	Habiturumesse,]	to Haue hereafter.
Esser per hauer,

Gerund

Aviéndo,]

Hauendo,]

Habendo,]

in Hauing.

Participle

Avído,]

Hauuto,]

Habitus,]

I Had.

Participle of the Future tense

El que espéra de avér,

Essere per hauere,

Habiturus,

to Haue hereafter.

* 1.124The other verbum Auixiliarum Sér, with which all Passiues are declined: it is in Latin Sum, es, fui: in Italian Essere, to Bée.

Infinitiue moode

	Spanish.	Italian.	Latin.
Pres.	Yo SO'Y,	Io SONO,	Sum,	I Am, thou Art, he Is, &c.
tu éres,	tu séi,	es,
aquél és.	colui é.	est.
Plu.	Plu.	Plu.
nosotros Sómos,	Noi siámo,	Sumus,
vosotros sóys,	voi séte,	estis,
aquéllos són.	coloro sóno.	sunt.

Imperfect.	éra,	éra,	eram,	I was, &c.
éras,	éri,	eras, &c.
éra,	éra.
éramos,	erámo, & erauámo,
érades,	erauáte,
éran.	érano.

First Preter∣perfect.	Fúy,	Fui,	Fui, &c.	I haue beene, &c.
fúiste,	fósti,
Fúe.	fú.
Fúimos,	Fúmo,
fúistes,	fóste,
fuéron.	fúrono, fúron, & fúro.

Second Preter∣perfect	He, or úve,	Sído.	Sóno, Stato.	Fui, &c.	I haue beene, &c.
ás, or uvíste,	séi, Stato.
á, or úvo.	e. Stato.
Avémos, or uvímos,	Siámo, Stati.
auéys, or uvístes,	séte, Stati.
án, or uviéron.	sóno. Stati.

Plu∣perfec.	Avía,	Sído.	éra, Stato.	Fueram, &c.	I had beene, &c.
avías,	éri, Stato.
avía.	éra. Stato.
Avíamos,	erauámo, Stati.
avíades,	erauáte, Stati.
avían.	eráno. Stati.

Future	Seré,	Saró, & sia,	Ero, &c.	I shall or will be.
serás,	sarái,
será.	sará & sia.
Serémos,	Sarémo,
seréys,	saréte,
serán.	saránno.

Imperatiue moode

Sé tu, or sey tu,	Sij, sia, & sie tu,	Sis, es, esto,	Be thou,
séa aquél.	sia, & sie colui,	sit, esto.	Be he or let him be, &c.
Seámos nosótros,	Siámo noi,	Simus,
séd vosótros,	siáte voi,	sitis, estote,
séan aquéllos.	siano coloro.	sint, sunto.

Subiunctiue moode.

	Spanish.		Italian.		Latine.
Pres. Como	yo SE'A,	Quando	Io SIA,	Cum	sim,	when I am, &c.
tu séas,	tu sij, sia,	sis, &c.
aquél sea,	colui sia, sie,
seámos,	siámo,
seáys,	siáte,
séan.	síaon, & sieno.

Imper¦fect. Como.	fuéra, sería, fuésse,	Quando.	sarei, fóssi, fussi,	Cum	essem, &c.	when I was.
fuéras, serías, fuésses,	sarésti, fóssi, fússi,
fuéra, sería, fuésses,	sarébbe, fósse, fússe,
fuéramos, seríamos, fuéssemos,	sarémmo, fóssimo, fússimo.
fuérades, seríades, fuéssedes,	saréste, fóste, fuste,
fuéran, serían, fuéssen.	sarébbono, saríano, fóssero, fússero

Preter perfect. Como.	áya, Sído.	Quando	sia, stato.	Cum	fuerim, &c.	when I haue beene, &c.
áyas, Sído.	sij, stato.
áya, Sído.	sia, stato.
ayámos, Sído.	siámo, stati.
ayáys, Sído.	siáto, stati.
áyan, Sído.	síaon. stati.
			Quando

Pluper¦fect. Como	uviéra, or uviésse,	Sido.	fóssi, saréi, stato.	Cum	fuissem, &c.	when I had béene, &c.
uviéras; or uvésses,	fóssi, sarésti, stato.
uviéra, or uviésse,	fósse, sarebbe, stato.
uviéramos, or uviéssemos,	fóssimo, saremmo, stati.
uviérades, or uviéssedes,	fósse, saréte, stati.
uviéran, or uviéssen,	fósser••, sarébbono, stati.

first Futu. Como	fuére,	Quando	saró, stato.	fuero, &c.	when I shall be, &c.
fuéres,	sárái, stato.
fuére,	sará, stato.
fuéremos,	sarémo, stati.
fuéredés,	saréte, stati.
fuéren.	saránno, stati.

second Futur. Como	avré,	Sído.	Quando,	saró, state.	Cum	fuero, &c.	when I shall be, &c.
avrás,	sardi, state.
avrá,	sará, state.
avrémos	sarémo, stati.
avréys,	saréte, stati.
avrán,	saráum, stati.

Infinitiue moode, Present Tense.

SE'R,]

Essere,]

Esse,]

To be.

Preterperfect and Pluperfect,

AVE'R sido,]

Esser stato,]

fuisse,]

To haue beene.

Future Tense.

Auér de sér,	douer essere,	fore,	To be heere∣after.
hauer ad essere,	futurum esse,

Gerund.

Siéndo,]

Essendo,]

The Latine wants,]

In being.

Participle.

SI'DO]

stato,]

beene.

* 1.125An Example of the first Coniugation of Verbes Regular in AR, as Revelár] in Italian Riueláre] Latine Reueláre] in English] to Reueale or discouer, as Revelár, in Spanish is also as Rebelár, to rebell.

Indicatiue moode

	Spanish.	Italian.	Latine.
Pres.	yo REV'ELO,	IO RIVE'LO,	Reu••lo,	I reueale,
tu Revélas,	tu riuéli,	reuelas,	Thou reuea∣lest, &c.
aquel revéla,	colúi reuéla,	reuelat, &c.
revelámos,	riueliámo,
reveláys,	riueláte,
Revélan.	riuélano,

Imper∣fect.	reveláva,	riueláua,	reuelabam, &c.	I did reueale,
revelávas,	riueláui,
reveláva,	riueláua,
revelávamos,	riuelauamo,
revelávades,	riuelanáte,
revelávan,	riuelánam,

First Perf.	revelé,	riuelái,	reuelaui, &c.	I haue reuea∣led, &c.
reveláste,	riuelásti,
reveló,	riueló,
revelámos,	riuelámmo,
revelástes,	riueláste,
reveláron,	riuelárono, riueláron, riueláro, riuelár.

second Perf.	hé, or úve,	reveládo.	ho,	riueláto	reuelaui, &c.	I haue reuea∣led, &c.
as, or uvíste,	hái,
á, or úvo,	há,
avémos, or uvímos	habbiámo,
avéys, or uvístes,	habbiáte,
án, or uviéron,	hánno,

Plu∣perfect.	avía,	reveládo.	hauéua,	riueláto	reuelaueram, &c.	I had reuea∣led, &c.
avías,	hauéui,
avía,	hauéua,
avíamos,	haueuámo,
avíades,	haueuáte,
avían,	hauéuano,

Futur.	revelaré,	riuelaró,	reuelabo, &c.	I shall or will reueale, &c.
revelarás,	riuelarái,
revelará,	reuelará,
revelarémos,	riuelarémo,
revelaréys,	riuelaréte,
revelarán,	riuelaránno,

Oftentimes for the Future of this Indicatiue Moode, as well of this first Coniugation,* 1.126 as of al the rest, is vsed the Infinitiue Moode, and the Present tense of the Verbe Avér, with a Particle going betweene them, as Revelár lo hé, Revelár lo hás, Revelár lo á. And so of the other Coniugations, as Entendér lo he, Entendér lo ás, oýr lo hé, oyr lo hás, &c.

Imperatiue moode.

revéla tu,	riuéla tu,	reuéla, reueláto	Reueale thou, bee thou reuea∣led, &c.
revéle aquél,	riueli colúi,	reuelet, reuelato
Plu.
revelémos nosótros,	riuelámo noi,	reuelemus,
reuelád vosótros,	riueláte voi,	reuelatis,
revélan aquéllos,	riuélino colóro,	reuelent.

Subiunctiue moode with signes, Si, Como, or other Coniunction.

Spanish.	Italian.	Latin.
Pres. Como	Yo Revéle,	Quando	Io Riuéli,	Cum	Reuelem, &c	when I doe Reueale, &c.
tu Revéles,	tu Riuéli,
aquel Revéle.	colúi Riuéli.
Plurall.	Plurall.
Revelémos,	Riueliámo,
Reveléys,	Riueliáte,
Revélen.	Riuélino.

Imper¦fect. Como	Reuelára, revelaría, revelásse,	Quando	Riuelassi, riuelaréi, riuelaría,	Cum	Reuelarem, &c.	when I did Reueale, &c.
Reveláras, revelarías, revelásses,	Riuelásti, riuelaresti,
Revelára, revelaría, revelásse,	Riuelásse, riuelarébbe, riuelaría,
Reveláramos, revelaríamos, revelássemos	Riuelássimo, riuelarémmo,
Revelárades, revelaríades, revelássedes,	Riuelaste, riuelaréste,
Reveláran, revelarían, revelássen.	Riuelássero, riuelarébbono, riuelaríano

perfect. Como	áya,	Reveládo.	Quando	Hábbia,	Riuelato.	Cum	Reuelauerius, &c.	whē I haue reuealed, &c.
áyas,	Hábbi,
áya,	Hábbia,
ayámos,	Habbiámo,
ayáys,	Habbiáte,
áyan.	Hábbiano.
			Quando

Plu∣perfect Como	uviéra or uviésse,	Reveládo.	Hauessi,	Riuelato.	Cum	Reuelassem, &c.	when I had reuealed, &c.
uviéras or uviésses,	hauésti,
uviéra or uviésse,	hauésse,
uviéramos or uviéssemos,	hauéssim,
uviérades or uviéssedes,	hauéste,
uviéran or uviéssen,	hauéssero,

First future. Como	Reveláre,	Quando	Haueró,	Riueláto.	Cum	Reuelauero, &c.	when I shal or will Re∣ueale, &c.
Reveláres,	hauerái,
Reveláre,	hauerá,
Revelarémos,	hauerémo,
Reveláredes,	haueréte,
Reveláren,	haueránno.

Secōd Futur Como	uviére or avré,	Reve∣ládo.	Quando	Haueró,	Riuelato.	Cum	Reuelauero, &c.	when I shal or will Re∣ueale, &c.
uviéres or avrés,	hauerái,
uviére or avrá,	hauerá,
uvierémos or avrémos,	hauerémo,	uviéredes or avréys,	haueréte,
uviéren or avrán,	haueránno,

Infinitiue moode Present tense.

Revelár,]

Riuelare,]

Reuelare,]

to Reueale or discouer.

Preterperfect tense.

Aver reveládo,]

Hauér riuelato,]

Reuelauisse,]

to haue Reuealed.

The Future tense.

Auér o Esperár de Revelár,

Douer Riuelare, Essere per Riuelare, Hauer a Riuelare,

to Reueale hereafter.

Gerund.

Revelándo,]

Riuelando,]

Reuelando,]

in Reuealing.

Supine of the Actiue signification.

a Revelár,]

a Riuelare,]

Reuelatum]

to be about to Reueale.

Supine of the Passiue signification.

De sér Revelado]

D'essere Riuelato]

Reuelatu]

to be Reuealed.

Participle of the Present tense and Actiue voice.

El que Revéla,]

Riuelante,]

Reuelans,]

Reuealing.

Participle of the Preter tense and Passiue voice.

Reveládo]

Riuelato,]

Reuelatus,]

Reuealed.

All verbes which haue their Infinitiues in A R, are declined in all points like this here declined, except the Irregulars here following in ar.

An Example of the second Coniugation of verbes Regular in ER, as Entendér, in Italian Intendere,* 1.127 Latin Intelligere, to Vnderstand.

Iudicatiue moode.

	Spanish.	Italian.	Latin.
Pres.	yo ENTIE'NDO,	Io Inténdo,	Intelligo, &c.	I do Vnder∣stand, &c.
tu Entiéndes,	tu Inténdi,
aquel Entiénde.	colúi Inténde.
Plurall.	Plur.
Entendémos,	Intendiámo,
Entendéys,	Intendéte,
Entiénden.	Intendino.

Imper¦fect.	Entendía,	Intendéua & Intendéa,	Intelligebam, &c.	I did Vnder∣stand, &c.
Entendías,	Intendéui,
Entendía.	Intendéua & Intendéa,
Entendíamos,	Intendeuámo,
Entendíades,	Intendeuáte,
Entendían.	Intendéuano.

First perfect.	Entendí,	Intési,	Intellexi, &c.	I haue Vn∣derstood, &c.
Entendíste,	Intendísti,
Entendió,	Intése,
Entendímos,	Intendémmo,
Entendístes,	Intendéste,
Entendiéron.	Intésero.

Secōd perfect.	He or úve,	Entendído.	HO Intéso.	Intellexi, &c.	I haue Vn∣derstood, &c.
ás or uvíste,	hái Intéso.
á or úvo.	ha Intéso.
hémos or uvímos,	habbiámo Intési.
avéys or uvístes,	hauéte Intési.
án or uviéron.	hánno Intési.

pluper∣fect tēse	Avía,	Entendído	hauéua Intéso.	Intellexeram, &c.	I had Vn∣derstood, &c.
avías,	hauéui Intéso.
avía.	hauéua Intéso.
Aviámos,	haueuámo Intési.
avíades,	haueuáte Intési.
avían.	hauéuano Intési.

Futur	Entenderé,	Intenderó,	Intelligam, &c.	I shall or will Vnderstand.
Entenderás,	Intenderái,
Entenderá.	Intenderá,
Entenderémos,	Intenderémo,
Entenderéys,	Intenderéte,
Entenderán.	Intenderánno.

Imperatiue moode.

Entiénde tu,	Intendi tu,	Intellige, Intelligito.	Vnderstand thou,
Entiénde aquel.	Intenda colui,	Intelligat, Intelligito.	Vnderstand he or let him vnderstand.
Entendámos nosótros,	Intendiámo noi,
Entendéd vosótros,	Intendéte voi,
Entiéndan aquellos.	Inténdano colóro.

* 1.128Second Coniugation of Regular Verbes in ER, as ENTENDER.

Subiunctiue moode.

	Spanish.		Italian.		Latine.
Pres. Como	yo ENTIE'NDA,	Quando	yo INTENDA,	Cum	intel∣ligam &c.	when I doe vnder¦stand. &c.
tu entiéndas,	tu inténdi,
aquel entiénda,	colui inténda,
Plu.	Plu.
entendámos,	intendiámo,
entendáys,	intendiáte,
entiéndan.	inténdano,

		Quando		Cum
Imper¦fect. Como.	entendiéra, entendería, entendiésse,	intenderei, intenderia, intendessi,	intelli∣gerem, &c.	when I did vnder¦stand.
entendiéras, entenderías, entendiésses,	intenderesti, intendéssi,
entendiéra, entendería, entendiésses.	intenderebbe, intenderia, intendesse,
entendiéramos, entenderíamos, entendiéssemos,	intenderémo, intendissimo,
entendiérades, entenderiades, entendiéssedes,	intenderésti, intendésti,
entendiéran, entenderian, entendiéssen.	intenderébbero, intenderieno, intendessero,

Perf. Como	áya,	Entendído.	Quando	hábbia, inteso,	Cum	intel∣lex∣erim, &c.	when I haue vnder¦stood, &c.
áyas,	hábbi, inteso,
áya,	hábbia, inteso,
áyamos,	habbiámo, intesi.
ayáys,	habbiáte, intesi.
áyan.	hábbiano, intensi.

			Quando
Plu∣perfect. Como	uviéra, or uviésse,	Entēdído	haueréi, & hauéssi, inteso.	Cum	intel∣lexis∣sem, &c.	when I had vnder¦toode.
uviéras, or uviésses,	hauerésti, & hauéssi, inteso.
uviéra, or uviésse,	hauerébbe, & hauésse, inteso.
uviéramos, or uviéssemos,	hauerémmo, & hauessimo, intesi.
uviérades, or uviéssedes,	haueréste, & hauéste, intesi.
uviéran, or uviéssen,	hauerébbero, & hauéssero, intesi.

First future. Como	Entendiére,	Cum	intel∣lexero &c.	when I shal or will vnder¦stande &c.
entendiéres,	entendiére,	entendiéremos,	entendiéredes,	entendiéren.

			Quando
second future. Como	uviére, or auré,	Entendído	haueró, inteso.	Cum	intel∣lexero &c.	when I shal vnder¦stand. &c.
uviéres, or aurás,	hauerái, inteso.
uviére, or aurá,	hauerá, inteso.
uviéremos, or aurémos,	hauerémo, intesi.
uviéredes, or auréys,	haueréte, intesi.
uviéren, or aurán,	haueránno, intesi.

Infinitiue moode Present Tense.

Entendér,]

Intendére,]

Intelligere]

To vnderstand.

Preterperfect Tense.

auér entendído,]

hauer intéso,]

intellexisse,]

To haue vnderstood.

The Future Tense.

aver o Esperár de entendéer,	douer intendere,	intellecturum,
hauer ad intendere,	to vnderstande hereafter.
Esser per intendere,

Gerund.

entendiéndo,]

intendendo,]

intelligendo]

In vnderstanding.]

Supines of the actiue voice.

a entendér,]

ad intendere]

intellectum]

To vnderstand.

Supine of the passiue voice.

de sér entendído,]

d'essere in téso,]

intellectu]

To be vnderstood.

Participle of the actiue voice and present Tense.

el que entiénde,]

intendente]

intelligens,]

Vnderstanding.

Participle of the Preter and passiue voice.

entendido,]

intéso]

intellectus]

Vnderstoode.

All Verbes whose Infinitiues end in er, are in all points declined like this except the irre∣gular in er following.

An Example of the third and last Coniugation of Regular verbes in Ir or Yr, as ABRIR, in Italian Aprire, Latin Aperire,* 1.129 to Open, Oyr, Italian Vdire, Latin Audire, to Heare.

Indicatiue moode.

	Spanish.	Italian.	Latin.
Pres.	O'YO, y OY'GO,	ODO,	Audio, &c.	I doe Heare, &c.
óyes,	odi,
óye.	ode.
Plur.	Plur.
oýmos,	vdiámo,
oýs,	vdíte,
óyen.	ódono.

Imper¦fect.	Oýa,	Vdiua,	Audiebam, &c.	I did Heare, &c.
oýas,	vdíui,
oýa.	vdíua.
oýamos,	vdiuámo,
oýades,	vdiuáte,
oýan.	vdiuano.

First Perf.	Oý,	Vdí & vdij,	Audiui, &c.	I haue heard, &c.
oýste,	vdísti,
oyó,	vdi.
oýmos,	vdímmo,
oýstes,	vdíste,
oyéron.	vdírono, vdíron, vdí∣ro, vdir.

second Per∣fect.	He, or úve,	Oýdo.	Ho,	Vdíto.	Audiui, &c.	I haue heard, &c.
ás, or uvíste,	hai,
á, or úvo,	ha,
ávemos, or uvímos,	habbiámo,
avéys, or uvístes,	hauéto,
án, or uviéron,	hánno,

Plu∣perfect.	avía,	Oýdo.	hauéua,	Vdíto.	Audiueram, &c.	I had heard.
avías,	hauéui,
avía,	hauéua,
avíamos,	haueuámo,
avíades,	haueuáte,
avían,	hauéuano,

future.	oyré,	vdiró,	Audiam, &c.	I shall or will heare, &c.
oyrás,	vdirái,
oyrá,	vdirá,
oyrémos,	vdirémo,
oyréys,	vdiréte,
oyrán,	vdiránno.

Imperatiue moode.

Impe¦ratiue moode.	Oýe tu,	ódi tu,	audi, audito, audiat, audito, &c.	Heare thou, Heare he or let him heare, &c.
oýga, or óya aquel,	óda colui,
oyámos nosotros,	vdiámo noi,
oýd vosótros,	vdíte voi,
oýan, or óygan aquellos,	ódano colóro,

* 1.130The Third and last Coniugation of verbes Regular in IR, and YR.

Subiunctitue moode

	Spanish.		Italian.		Latin.
Pres. Como.	O'YA, or óyga,	Quando	OD'A,	Cum	Audiam, &c.	When I heare.
óyas, or óygas,	ódi,
óya, or óyga,	óda.
oyámos, or oygámos,	vdiámo,
oyáys, or oygáys,	vdiáte,
óyan, or óygan.	ódano.

Imper. Como	Oyéra, oyeria, oyésse,	Quando	Vdíssi, vdiréi, vdería,	Cum	Audirem, &c.	when I did heare, &c.
oyéras, oyerías, oyésses,	vdíssi, vdirésti,
oyéra, oyería, oyésse.	vdísse, vdirébbe, vdiría.
oyéramos, oyríamos, oyéssemos,	vdíssimo, vdirémo,
oyérades, oyríades, oyéssedes,	vdiste, vdiréste,
oyéran, oyrían, oyéssen.	vdíssero, vdirébbono, vdiríano

Perfect. Como	A'ya,	Oýdo,	Quando	Hábbia,	Vdito.	Cum	Audiue∣rim, &c.	when I haue heard, &c.
áyas,	hábbi,
áya.	hábbia.
ayámos,	habbiámo,
ayaýs,	habbiáte,
áyan.	hábbiano.

			Quando,		Cum
plupe. Como	Uviéra, or uviésse,	oýdo.	Hauéssi, haueréi, hauería,	vdito.	Audi∣uissem &c.	when I had heard, &c
uviéras, or uviésses,	hauéssi, hauerésti,
uviéra, or uviésse,	hauésse, hauerébbe, hauría,
uviéramos, or uviéssemos	hauessimo, hauerémo,
uviérades, or uviéssedes,	hauéste, haueréste.
uviéran, or uviéssen.	hauéssero, hauerébbono, hauríano.
First Future Como	Oyére,	Cum	Audiuero, &c.	when I shall heare, &c.
oyéres,
oyére,
oyéremos,
oyéredes,
oyéren.

					Cum
Second Future Como	Uviére, or auré,	oýdo.	Quādo	Haueró,	vdito	Audiuero, &c.	when I shal heare.
uviéres, or aurás,	hauerái,
uviére, or aurá.	hauerá.
uviéremos, or aurémos	hauerémo,
uviéredes, or auréys,	haueréte,
uviéren, or aurán.	haueránno.

Infinitiue moode present tense

OY'R,]

Vdire,]

Audire,]

to Heare.

Preterperfect tense

avér Oýdo]

hauer Vdíto,]

Audiuisse,]

to haue Heard.

The Future tense

avér de Oýr,

douer Vdire, hauer ad Vdíre, esser per Vdíre,

Auditum esse,]

to Heare hereafter.

Gerund.

Oyéndo,]

Odendo,]

Audiendo,]

in Hearing.

Supine of the Actiue voice.

a Oýr,]

Vdíre,]

Auditum,]

to Heare.

Supine of the Passiue voice.

de ser Oýdo,]

d'essere Vdito,]

Auditu,]

to be Heard.

Participle of the Actiue voice and Present tense.

el que Oye,]

chi Ode,]

Audiens,]

Hearing.

Participle of the Passiue voice and Preter tense.

Oydo,]

Vdito,]

Auditus,]

Heard.

All verbes whose Infinitiues end in ir, or yr, are declined in euerie respect like this: except those in ir and yr, in the Irregulars following.

Of Verbes Passiues.

The Spaniards as the Italian and French decline their Verbes passiues with their Verbe Sum, es, fui, and the Participle of the Preter tense, as of Revelár, to reueale: soy Reveládo, I am reuealed.

The Spanish formeth the Participle Passiue of the first and third Coniugation of their Infinitiue moode, by taking away r, and putting to do, as of Revelár, Reveládo, Pedír, to require, Pedído, required, Oýr, to heare, Oýdo, heard.

But in the second Coniugation they take away as before, and change the last e into y or i, and adde to do as aforesaide, as Leer, to read, Leýdo: Entendér, to vnderstand, Entendído.

A Verbe Passiue thus declined.

Indicatiue moode

	Spanish.	Italian.	Latin.
Pres.	YO SOY, Reveládo.	IO SO'No, Riueláto.	Reuelor,	I am Reuealed. thou art Reuealed.
tu éres, Reveládo.	tu séi, Riueláto.	Reuelaris, &c.
aquél és, Reveládo.	colúi é, Riueláto.
Plu.	Plu.
Sómos, Reveládos.	Siámo, Riueláti.
sóys, Reveládos.	séte, Riueláti.
són, Reveládos.	sóno, Riueláti.

Imper¦fect.	E'ra, Reveládo.	E'ra, Riueláto.	Reuelabar,	I was Reuealed thou wast reuea∣led, &c.
éras, Reveládo.	éri, Riueláto.	Reuelabaris, &c.
éra, Reveládo.	éra, Riueláto.
éramos, Reveládos.	erámo, & erauámo, Riueláti.
érades, Reveládos.	eráte, Riueláti.
éran, Reveládos.	érano, Riueláti.

First perfect.	Fúy Reveládo,	Fui, Riueláto.	Reuelatus sum vel fui, &c.	I haue beene Re∣uealed, &c.
fuéste, Reveládo.	fósti, Riueláto.
fue, Reveládo.	fú, Riueláto.
fuymos, Reveládos.	fúmo, Riueláti.
fuístes, Reveládos.	fóste, Riueláti.
fuéron, Reveládos.	fúrono, fúro, fúron, Riueláti.

second Perfec	HE, or úve Sído, Reveládo.	Sono Stato, Riueláto.	Reuelatus sum vel fui, idem vt antea, &c.	I haue beene re¦uealed, &c.
as, or uvíste Sído, Reveládo.	séi Stato, Riueláto.
a, or úvo Sído, Reveládo.	é Stato, Riueláto.
Hémos, or uvímos Sído, Reveládos.	Siámo, Stati, Riueláti.
avéis, or uvístes Sído, Reveládos.	séte Stati, Riueláti.
an, or uviéron Sído, Reveládos.	son Stati, Riueláti.

pluper¦fect.	Avía Sído, Reveládo.	E'ra Stato, Riueláto.	Reuelatus eram vel fueram, &c.	I had beene Reuealed, &c.
avías Sído, Reveládo.	éri Stato, Riueláto.
avía Sído, Reveládo.	éra Stato, Riueláto.
avíamos Sído, Reveládos.	erauámo Stati, Riueláti.
avíades Sído, Reveládos.	erauáte Stati, Riueláti.
avian Sído, Reveládos.	érano Stati, Riueláti.

future	Seré, Reveládo.	Saró, Riueláto.	Reuelabor, &c.	I shall or will be Reuealed.
serás, Reveládo.	sarái, Riueláto.
será, Reveládo.	sará, Riueláto.
Serémos, Reveládos.	Sarémo, Riueláti.
seréys, Reveládos.	saréte, Riueláti.
serán, Reveládos.	saránno, Riueláti.

Imperatiue moode

Sé tu, Reveládo,	Sia, & sij tu, Riueláto.	Reuelare, Reueletur, &c.	be thou Reuea∣led, let him be Re∣uealed, &c.
sea aquél, Reveládo,	sia, & sie colui, Riueláto.
Seámos, Reveládos.	siámo, Riueláti.
séd, Reveládos.	siáte, Riueláti.
Séan, Reveládos.	siano, Riueláti.

Subiunctiue moode.

	Spanish.		Italian.		Latin.
Pres. Como	yo Séa Reveládo.	Quando	Io Sia Riue∣láto.	Cum	Reuelar, &c.	When I am Reuealed, &c
tu séas Reveládo.	tu sij, sía Riue∣láto.
aquel séa Reveládo.	colui sia, sie Riue∣láto.
Seámos Reveládos.	siámo Riue∣láti.
seáys Reveládos.	siáte Riue∣láti.
séan Reveládos.	síano & síeno Riue∣láti.

Imper¦fect Como	Fuéra, sería, fuésse Reve∣ládo.	Quando	Fóssi, fússi, saréi, saria Riue∣lato.	Cum	Reuelarer, &c.	when I was Reuealed, &c
fuéras, serías, fuésses Reve∣ládo.	fósti, fusti, saresti, Riue∣lato.
fuéra, sería, fuésse Reve∣ládo.	fósse, fusse, sarébbe, saria Riue∣lato.
Fuéramos, seríamos, fuéssemos Reve∣ládos.	fóssimo, fussimo, sarémmo Riue∣lati.
fuérades, seríades, fuéssedes Reve∣ládos.	fóste, fuste, saréste, Riue∣lati.
fuéran, serían, fuéssen Reve∣ládos.	fóssero, fússero, sarébbono, saríano Riue∣lati.

perfect. Como	A'ya Sido Reueládo.	Quando	Sia Stato Riuelato.	Cum	Reuelatus sim vel fuerim, &c.	Whē I haue been reuea∣led, &c.
áyas Sído Reueládo.	sij & sia stato Riuelato.
áya Sído Reueládo.	sia & sie stato Riuelato.
ayámos Sido Reveládos.	siámo stati Riuelati.
ayáys Sído Reveládos.	siáte stati Riuelati.
áyan Sído Reveládos.	síano stati Riuelati.

pluper∣fect tēse Como	Uviéra or uviésse Sído Reve∣ládo.	Quando	Fóssi, fússi, saréi, saria stato Riue∣lato.	Cum	Reuelatus essem vel fuissem, &c	whē I had been reuea∣led, &c.
uviéras or uviésses Sído Reve∣ládo.	fósti, fústi, saresti stato Riue∣lato.
uviéra or uviésse Sído Reve∣ládo.	fósse, fússe, sarébbe stato Riue∣lato.
uviéramos or uviéssemos sído Reve∣ládos.	fóssimo, fússimo, sarémo stati Riue∣lati.
uviérades or uviéssedes Sído Reve∣ládos.	fóste, fúste, seréste stati Riue∣lati.
uviéran or uviéssen Sído Reve∣ládos.	fóssero, fússero, sarebbono stati saríano Riue∣lati.

Futur Como	Fuére or uviére or avré sído Reve∣ládo.	Quando	Saró stato Riuelato.	Cum	Reuelatus ero vel fuero, &c.	When I shal be Reuealed, &c.
fuéres or uviéres or avras sído Reve∣ládo.	sarái stato Riuelato.
fuére or uviéres or avra sído Reve∣ládo.	sará stato Riuelato.
fuéremos or uviéremos or avrémos sído Reve∣ládos.	sarémo stati Riuelati.
fuéredes or uviéredes or avréys sído Reve∣ládos.	saréte stati Riuelati.
fuéren or uviéren or avrán sído Reve∣ládos.	saránno stati Riuelati.

Infinitiue moode Present tense.

Ser Revelúdo,]

Riuelarsi, essere Riuelato,]

Reuelari,]

to be Reuealed.

Pre•••••• tense.

Avér Sido Reveládo,]

Essere stato Riuelato,]

Reuelatum esse vel fuisse,]

to haue been reuealed.

Future tense.

Avér de sér Reveládo,

Douer essere Riuelato, hauer ad essere Riuelato,

Reuelatum iri vel Reuelandum esse,

to be Reuealed hereafter.

Participle of the Present tense.

Lo que es Reveládo,]

Riueláto,]

Reuelatus,]

that which is Reuealed.

Participle of the Future tense.

Lo que ha de ser Reveládo,

Hauendo ad essere Riueláto, hauendo a Riuelarsi,

Reue∣lan••m,

to be Reuealed hereafter.

After this manner in euery respect all other verbes Passiues Regular or Irregular of what Coniugation soeuer are to be declined as of the second Coniugation Soy Vendido, Pos∣seydo, Defendido, and of the third Coniugation, as Soy Oydo, Corregído, Segdido, and so of the rest.

Note that this Accusatiue case Se of the Pronoune ioyned with the third person of verbes Actiues, make them haue the Passiue signification, as Dize, he saith, ••e dize,* 1.131 it is said.

Now will I handle and intreate of the verbes Irregular (in which is found hardnes and difficultie to the learner for their declining) in such order and manner that he may with his ease or very little paine decline any of them whatsoeuer: for which purpose and for whose ease and profite, I haue to my great labour brought them into the forme as followeth, and haue so dili∣gently searched, that no one of them needefull to his vse (as I hope) shall be wanting, not here following set downe, that my labours may be answerable to my desire, and the learners profit to my paines.

The first Coniugation of Verbes Irregular in AR, as DAR, in Italian and Latin Dare, to Giue.* 1.132

The verbes Irregular like as the Regular diuided into three Coniugations,* 1.133 the fir•••• in ar, the second in er, the third in ir or yr.

The verbes Irregular differ from the Regular afore going in their first Preterperfect of the Indicatiue, and Preterimperfect of the Subiunctiue, as by the Examples following you may see.

Indicatiue moode.

	Spanish.	Italian.	Latin.
Pres.	yo DOY,	Io DO,	Do,	I doe Giue, &c.
tu Dás.	tu Dái,	Das,
aquel Da.	colui Da.	Dat, &c.
Plur.	Plur.
Dámos,	Diámo or Dám••,
Dáys,	Dáte,
Dán.	Dánno.

Imperf.	Dáva,	Dá••••,	Dabam, &c.	I did Giue, &c.
Dávas,	Dáui,
Dáva.	Dáu••.
Dávamos,	Dauamo,
Dávades,	Dauáte,
Dávan.	Dáua••.

First Perfect	Dí,	Diedi & Dei,	Dedi, &c.	I haue Giuen, &c.
Diste,	Désti,
Dió.	Diede & Dette,
Dímos,	Démmo,
Dístes,	Desté,
Diéron.	Diédero.

Second Perfect	yo He	Dádo.	Ho	Dato.	Dedi, &c. vt supra.	I haue Giuen, &c. as next aboue.
tu ás	hai
aquel á.	ha
hémos	habbiámo
aveýs	hauete
án	hánno

Pluperf.	Avía	Dádo.	Hauéua	Dato.	Dederam, &c.	I had Giuen, &c.
Avías	hauéui
Avía	hauéua
Avíamos	haueuámo
Avíades	haueuáte
Avían	hauéuano

Future.	Daré,	Daró,	Dabo, &c.	I shall or will Giue, &c.
Darás,	Darái,
Dará.	Dará.
Darémos,	Darémo,
Daréys,	Daréte,
Darán.	Daránno.

Imperatiue moode.

Dá tu,	Da tu,	Da dato,	Giue thou, &c.
Dé aquél.	Dia colui.	Det dato, &c.
Démos,	Diámo,
Dád,	Date,
Dén.	Diáno.

Subiunctiue moode.

	Spanish.		Italian.		Latin.
Pres. Como	YO De,	Quando	IO Día,	Cum	Dem, &c.	When I doe giue, &c.
tu des,	tu día,
aquel De,	colui día,
démos,	diámo,
déys,	diáte,
dén,	díano,

Imper¦fect.	diéra, daría, diésse,	Quando	déssi, daréi, daría,	Cum	Darem, &c.	When I did giue, &c.
diéras, darías, diésses,	déssi, darésti,
diéra, daría, diésse,	désse, darébbe, daria,
diéramos, daríamos, diéssemos,	déssimo, darémmo,
diérades, daríades, diéssedes,	déste, daréste,
diéran, darían, diéssen.	déssero, darébbono, daríano,

perfect. Como	áya,	Dádo.	Quando	hábbia,	Dato.	Cum	Dederim, &c.	When I haue giuen, &c.
áyas,	hábbi,
áya,	hábbia,
ayámos,	habbiámo,
ayáys,	habbiáte,
áyan,	hábbiano.

Plu∣perfect. Como	uviéra, or uviésse,	Dádo.	Quando.	hauessi, haurei,	Dáto.	Cum	dedissem, &c.	When I had giuen, &c.
uviéros, or uviésses,	hauésti, haueresti,
uviéra, or uviésse,	hauésse, hauerébbe,
uviéramos, or uviéssemos,	hauéssimo, hauerémmo,
uviérades, or uviéssedes,	hauéste, haueréste,
uviéran, or uviéssen.	hauéssero, hauerébbono,

future, Como	diére,	Quando	haueró,	Dato.	Cum	Dedero, &c.	When I shall giue, &c.
diéres,	hauerái,
diére,	hauerá,
diéremos,	hauerémo,
diéredes,	haueréte,
diéren.	haueránno,

Infinitiue moode Present tense.

DA'R,]

Dare,]

Dare,]

To giue.

Preterperfect Tense.

avér Dádo,

...hauer dato, ...douer dare, ...hauer a dare.

Dedisse.

To haue giuen.

Gerund.

Dando,]

dando,]

dando,]

In giuing.

Participle of the Present tense, and Actiue voice.

El que da,]

Dante,]

Dans,]

giuing.

Participle of the Preter tense and Passiue voice.

Dado,]

Dato,]

Datus]

giuen.

Participle of the Future tense.

El que há, or espéra de dár]

Essere per dare]

Daturum esse]

to giue heereafter.

These here vnder written onely differ from the Regular verbes in the first preterperfect tense of their Indicatiue moode, which alway change Car of the Infinitiue into qué, and gar into gue, as

Infinitiues.	Pres.	Preterperfects.
A cercár, to come neere,	yo Acérco,	Acerqué.
Cercár, to compasse,	yo Cérco,	Cerqué.
Cargár, to charge, to burden,	yo Cárgo,	Cargué.
Achicár, to make little,	yo Achíco,	Achiqué.
Ahogár, to choake, to drowne,	yo Ahógo,	Ahogué.
Allegár, to come neere,	yo Allégo,	Allegué.
Ahorcár, to hang vp,	yo Ahórco,	Ahorqué.
Anegár, to drowne,	yo Anégo,	Anegué.
Arrancár, to plucke vp,	yo Arránco,	Arranqué.
Arremangár, to tucke vp,	yo Arremángo,	Arremangué.
Arriscár, to endanger,	yo Arrísco,	Arrisqué.
Apesgár, to weie downe,	yo Apésgo,	Apesgué.
Assulcár, to furrow,	yo Asúlco,	Asulqué.
Bogár, to rowe,	yo Bógo,	Bogué.
Bolcár, to tumble downe,	yo Bólco,	Bolqué.
Castigár, to chastise,	yo Castígo,	Castigué.
Calcár, to kicke vnder feete,	yo Cálco,	Calqué.
Colgár, to hang,	yo Cuélgo,	Colgué.
Cocár, to ga••e at, to mocke,	yo Cuéco,	Coqué.
Cavalgár, to ride,	yo Caválgo,	Cavalgué.
Chocár, to sucke,	yo Chuéco,	Choqué.
Denegár, to denie,	yo Deniégo,	Denegué.
Derrocár, to throwe downe,	yo Derruéco,	Derrogué.
Descolgár, to vnhang,	yo Descuélgo,	Descolgué.
Desfogár, to coole,	yo Desfuégo,	Desfogué.

Embarcár, to embarke,	yo Embárco,	Embarqué.
Desligár, to vntie,	yo Desligo,	Desligué.
Embaucár, to cast into a hole,	yo Embáuco,	Embauqué.
Embocár, idem,	yo Embóco,	Emboqué.
Desnegár, to recant,	yo Desniégo,	Desnegué.
Enarcár, to chest vp,	yo Enárco,	Enarqué.
Divulgár, to publish,	yo divúlgo,	Divulgué.
Empegár, to pitch,	yo Empiégo,	Empegué.
Fabricár, to frame,	yo Fabríco,	Fabriqué.
Encenegár, to durt,	yo Encienégo,	Encenegué.
Fregár, to rub,	yo Friégo,	Fregué.
Holgár, to be glad,	yo Huélgo,	Holgué.
Mancár, to want,	yo Mánco,	Manqué.
Jugár, to play,	yo Juégo,	Jugué.
Marcár, to marke,	yo Márco,	Marqué.
Mercár, to buie,	yo Miérco,	Merqué.
Mascár, to chew,	yo Másco,	Masqué.
Mendigár, to beg,	yo Mendígo,	Mendigué.
Navegár, to saile,	yo Navégo,	Navegué.
Otorgár, to graunt,	yo Otórgo,	Otorgué.
Peliscár, to pinch,	yo Pelísco,	Pelisqué.
Pagár, to pay,	yo Págo,	Pagué.
Pescár, to fish,	yo Pésco,	Pesqué.
Plegár, to fold,	yo Pliégo,	Pliegué.
Regár, to water,	yo Riégo,	Regué.

These here aboue and their like in all other Tenses varie nothing from the verbes regular in ar afore going, as Juzgár, to iudge, the Indicatiue present Tense Júzgo, I iudge, Preterim∣perfect Juzgáva, first Preterperfect Juzgué, the second Perfect He juzgádo, the Preterpluperfect avia Juzgádo, Future Juzgaré. Imperatiue Juzga. The Present Tense of the Optatiue and Subiunctiue Oxalá or Si Júzgue, the Preterimperfect Tense Juzgára, juzgaría, juzgásse. Perfect áya juzgádo, Pluperfect uviéra or uviésse Juzgádo, Future Juzgáre. Infinitiue Juzgár. Participle Juzgádo.

Of Verbes Irregular the first Coniugation in AR, as Estár,] in Italian Essere,* 1.134] in Latin Esse,] To be, to stand.

Indicatiue moode.

	Spanish.	Italian.	Latin.
Pres.	YO ESTO'Y,	IO STO,	Sto, &c.	I stande, or I am, &c.
tu estás,	tu stái,
aquel está,	colui sta;
estámos,	stámo,
estáys,	státe,
están.	stánno.

Imper¦fect.	estáva,	stáua,	stabam, &c.	I was or did stande, &c.
estávas,	stáui,
estáva,	stáua,
estávamos,	stauámo,
estávades,	stauáto,
estávan.	stáuano.

First Perf.	estúve,	stetti, & stei,	steti, &c.	I haue beene, or haue stoode, &c.
estuvíste,	stesti,
estúvo,	stétte,
estuvímos,	stémo,
estuvístes,	stéste,
estvuiéron.	stéttero.

second Per∣fect.	yo Hé,	Estádo.	sóno, Stato.	steti, &c.	I haue beene, or haue stood, &c.
tu ás,	séi, Stato.	vt supra.
aquel há,	é, Stato.
hémos,	siámo, Stati.
avéys,	séte, Stati.
án,	sóno, Stati.

Plu∣perfect.	avía,	Estádo.	éra, Stato.	steteram, &c.	I had beene, or had stood, &c.
avías,	éri, Stato.
avía,	éra, Stato.
avíamos,	erauámo, Stati.
avíades,	erauáte, Stati.
avían,	érano, Stati.

future.	Estaré,	staró,	Stabo, &c.	I shall or will stande or be, &c.
estarás,	starái,
estará,	stará,
estarémos,	starémo,
estaréys,	staréte,
estarán.	staránno.

Imperatiue moode.

Impe¦ratiue moode.	Está, sta,	stá,	sta, stato, &c.	be thou, or stand thou, &c.
esté,	stía,
estémos,
	stiámo,
estád,	státe,
estén.	stíano.

Subiunctiue moode

	Spanish.		Italian.		Latin.
Pres. Como	Esté,	Quando	Stia,	Cum	Stem, &c.	When I am or stand, &c.
Estés,	Stij,
Esté,	Stia,
Estémos,	Stiámo,
Estéys,	Stiáte,
Estén.	Stíano.

Imper¦fect. Como	Estuviéra, estaría, estuviésse,	Quando	Starei, stéssi, staría,	Cum	Starem, &c.	when I Stoode or was, &c.
Estuviéras, estarías, estuviésses,	Starésti, stéssi,
Estuviéra, estaría, estuviésse,	Starébbe, stésse, staría,
Estuviéramos, estaríamos, estuviéssemos,	Starémo, stéssimo,
Estuviérades, estaríades, estuviéssedes,	Staréste, stéste,
Estuviéran, estarían, estuviéssen.	starébbono, staríano, stéssero.

Perfec Como	A'ya,	estádo. Quādo	Sia, Stato.	Cum	Steterim &c.	when I haue stood or beene, &c.
áyas,	Sij, Stato.
áya,	Sia, Stato.
Ayámos,	Siámo, Stati.
Ayáys,	Siáte, Stati.
áyan,	Siáno, Stati.

pluper Como	uviéra, or uviésse,	estádo. Quādo	Fossi, Státo.	Cum	stetissem &c.	when I had beene, or stood, &c
uviéras, or uviésses,	Fossi, Státo.
uviéra, or uviésse,	Fosse, Státo.
uviéramos, or uviéssemos,	Fóssimo, Stati.
uviérades, or uviéssedes,	Fóste, Stati.
uviéran, or uviéssen,	Fóssero. Stati.

First Futur Como	Estuviére,	Quando	Saró, Státo.	Cum	Stetero, &c.	when I shal or wil stand or be &c.
Estuviéres,	Sarái, Státo.
Estuviére,	Sará, Státo.
Estuviéremos,	Sarémo, Stati.
Estuviéredes,	Saréte, Stati.
Estuviéren,	Saránno, Stati.

second Futur Como	uviére, or avré,	Estádo.	Saró, Státo.	Cum	Stetero, &c.	when I shal or wil be or stand &c.
uviéres, or avrás,	Sarái, Státo.
uviére, or avrá,	Sará, Státo.
uviéremos, or avrémos,	Sarémo, Státi.
uviéredes, or avréys,	Saréte, Státi.
uviéren, or avrán,	Saránno, Státi.

Infinitiue moode Present.

Estár,]

Stare,]

Stare,]

to Stand or be.

Preterperfect.

avér Estádo,]

hauer Státo,]

Stetisse,]

to haue Stood or beene.

Future tense.

avér or esperár d'estár,	douer Stare,	Staturum esse,	to Stand hereafter.
esser per Stare,

Gerund.

Estándo,]

Stando,]

Stando,]

In Standing or being.

Participle.

Estádo,]

Stato,]

Status,]

Stoode or beene.

These Verbes following make their Present tense of the Indicatiue, by changing the last sillable saue one of the Infinitiue the e into ie, and the o into ve, as

Infinitiue.	Pres.	Preterperfect.
Assentár, to sit, to set,	yo assiénto,	Assenté.
Approvár, to allow,	yo appruévo,	Aprové.
Sentár, to sit,	yo siénto,	Senté,
Sonár, to sound,	yo suéno,	Soné,
Conservár, to keepe,	yo consiérvo,	Conservé.
Atronár, to thunder,	yo atruéno,	Attroné.
Cegár, to make blinde,	yo ciégo,	Ciegué.
Contár, to reckon,	yo cuénto,	Conté.
Cerrár, to shut, to locke,	yo ciérro,	Cerré.
Degollár, to kill, to behead,	yo deguéllo,	De gollé.
Enterrár, to put in the earth,	yo entiérro,	Enterré.
Derrocár, to throwe downe,	yo deruéco,	derroqué.
Colgár, to hang,	yo cuélgo,	Colgué.
Desterrár, to banish,	yo destiérro,	Desterré.
Dessollár, to paunch,	yo desuéllo,	Desollé.
Hollár, to tread on,	yo huéllo,	Hollé.
Entesár, to bend,	yo entiéso,	Entesé.
Segár, to cut,	yo siégo,	Sequé.
Resollár, to breath,	yo resuéllo,	Resolié.
Resolgár, idem,	yo resuélgo,	Resolgué.
Temblár, to tremble,	yo tiémblo,	Temblé.
Tentár, to assaie,	yo tiénto,	Tenté.
Tropeçár, to stumble,	yo tropiéço,	Tropecé.
Adereçár, to make readie,	yo aderésço,	Aderescé.

Of Verbes Irregular of the first Coniugation in AR, as ANDAR,* 1.135 In Italian, Audare, in Latin, Ire, Gradi, to Goe.

Indicatiue moode.

	Spanish.	Italian.	Latin.
Present.	A'ndo,	Vo, & Vado,	Eo,	I Goe, thou Goest, &c.
ándas,	Vai,	is, &c.
ánda,	Va,
Andámos,	Andiámo,
andáys,	Andáte,
ándan.	Vánno.

Imperfect.	Andáva,	Andáua,	Ibam, &c.	I did Goe, &c.
Andávas,	Andáui,
Andáva,	Andáua,
Andávamos,	Andauámo,
Andávades,	Andauáte,
Andávan.	Andáuano.

First Perfect	Andúve,	Andái,	Iui, &c.	I haue Gone, &c.
Anduvíste,	Andásti,
Andúvo,	Andó,
Anduvímos,	Andámmo,
Anduvístes,	Andáste,
Anduviéron.	Andárono.

Second Perfec.	He,	Andádo.	Sono, Andáto.	Iui, &c.	I haue Gone, &c. as before.
as,	Séi, Andáto.	vt suprá.
a,	é, Andáto.
Hémos,	Siámo, Andati.
avéys,	Séte, Andati.
án,	Sono, Andati.

Pluperfect.	Avía,	Andádo.	E'ra, Andato.	Iueram, &c.	I had Gone, &c.
Avías,	éri, Andato.
Avía,	éra, Andato.
Avíamos,	Erauámo, Andati.
Avíades,	erauáte, Andati.
Avían,	érano. Andati.

Future	Andaré,	Anderó, andró,	Ibo, &c.	I shall or will Goe, &c.
Andarás,	Anderái, andrai,
Andará,	Anderá, andrá,
Andarémos,	Anderémo, andrémo,
Andaréys,	Anderéte, Andréte,
Andarán.	Anderánno, andránno.

Imperatiue moode

A'ndatu,	Vatu,	Ito, &c.	Goe thou, &c.
ánde aquel,	Vada, or vadacolui,
Andémos,	Andiámo,
Andád,	Andáte,
ánden.	Vádano, or vádino.

* 1.136Of Verbes Irregular the first Coniugation in A R.

Subiunctiue moode.

	Spanish.		Italian.		Latin.
Pres. Como	ánde,	Quando	váda, vádi,	Cum	Eam, &c.	When I doe go, &c.
ándes,	vadv, vadi,
ánde,	váda, vadi,
andémos,	andiámo,
andéys,	andiáte,
ánden.	vádano, vádino.

Imper¦fect Como	anduviéra, andaría, anduviésse,	Quando	andassi andarei, anderia,	Cum	irem, &c.	When I did go, &c.
anduviéras, andarias, anduviésses,	andássi, anderésti,
anduviéra, andaría, anduviésse,	andásse, anderébbe, andería,
Anduviéramos, andaríamos, anduviéssemos,	andássimo, anderém••,
anduviérades, andaríades, anduviéssedes,	andáste, anderéste,
anduviéran, andarian, anduviéssen.	andássero, anderébbero, anderíano.

perfect. Como	áya,	andádo.	Quando	sia, Andato.	Cum	iueri••, &c.	When I haue gone, &c.
áyas,	sii, Andato.
áya,	sia, Andato.
áyamos,	siamo, Andati.
ayaýs,	siate, Andati.
áyan,	siáno, Andati.

			Quando
pluper∣fect tēse Como	uviéra, or uviésses,	andádo.	fóssi, sarei, Andato.	iuissem, &c.	When I had gone, &c.
uviéra, or uviésses,	fóssi, sarésti, Andato.
uviéra, or uviésse,	fosse, sarébbe, Andato.
uviéramos, or uviéssemos	fossimo, sarémmo, Andati.
uviérades, or uviéssedes,	fóste, saréste, Andati.
uviéran, or uviéssen,	fóssero, sarébbero, Andati.

Futur Como	anduviére,	Quando	saró, Andato.	Cum	iuero, &c.	When I shall or will goe heereaf∣ter, &c.
anduviéres,	sarái, Andato.
anduviére,	sará, Andato.
anduviéremos,	sarémo, Andati.
anduviéredes,	saréte, Andati.
anduviéren.	saránno, Andati.

Infinitiue moode Present tense.

ANDA'R,]

Andare,]

Ire,]

to goe.

Preterperfect tense.

Avér andádo,]

Essere andáto,]

Iuisse,]

to haue gone.

Future tense.

Avér or esperár de andár,

Esser per andare, Douer andare, Háuer ad andare.

Iturum esse,

to go, or about to go.

Gerund.

Andándo,]

Andándo,]

Eundo,]

in going.

Participle of the Present tense and Actiue voice.

El que ánda,]

Andánte,]

Euns,]

one going.

Participle of the Preter and Passiue voice.

Andádo,]

Andato,]

gone.

Of Verbes Irregular the second Coniugation in ER, as Traér,* 1.137 Sabér, Tenér, Podér, Querér, Ponér, Hazér, Cabér.

Indicatiue moode.

	Spanish.	Italian.	Latin.
Pres.	yo TRA'YGO,	io APPORTO,	Adduco, &c.	I fetch or bring, &c.
tu tráes,	tu appórti,
aquel tráe,	colui appórta,
traémos,	apportiámo,
traéys,	apportáte,
tráen.	appórtano.

Imper	Traýa,	apportáua,	Adducebam, &c.	I did fetch or bring, &c.
traýas,	apportáui,
traýa,	apportáua,
traýamos,	apportauámo,
traýades,	apportauáte,
traýan,	apportáuano.

First Perf.	trúxe, or tráxe,	apportái,	Adduxi, &c.	I haue fetcht or bought, &c.
truxiste, or traxíste,	apportáste,
trúxo, or, tráxo,	apportó,
truxímos, or traxímos,	apportámo,
truxístes, or traxístes,	apportáste,
truxéron, or traxéron,	apportáron, apportáro, apportár.

second Perf.

...hé, traýdo. ...as, &c. traýdo.

ho, apportátio. hai, &c. apportáto.

Adduxi, &c.

I haue fetcht or brought, &c.

Plu∣perfect.

...avía, traýdo. ...avías, &c. traýdo.

hauéua, Apportáto. hauéui, &c. Apportáto.

Adduxerem, &c.

I had fetcht or bought, &c.

Futur	traeré,	apportaró,	Adducam, &c.	I shall or will fetch or bring, &c.
traerás,	apportarái,
traerá,	apportará,
traerémos,	apportarémo,
traeréys,	apportaréte,
traerán,	apportaránno.

Imperatiue moode.

Impa¦ratiue moode.	Tráe tu,	Apportatu,	Adduc, addu∣citio.	Bring or fetch thou, &c.
tráyga aquel.	apporti colui,
traémos,	apportámo,
traéd,	apportáte,
tráygan,	apportino,

* 1.138Of Verbes Irregular the second Coniugation ER, as TRAER, in Italian Apportare, Arrecare, Trahere, Addurere, Menare, in Latin Adducere, Afferre, Trahere, to Fetch, to Bring, to Carrie, to Drawe.

Subiunctiue moode.

	Spanish.		Italian.		Latin.
Pres. Como	Tráyga or Tráya,	Quando	Apporti,	Cum	Adducam, &c.	When I doe fetch, or bring, &c.
Tráygas or Tráyas, &c.	Apporti,
Tráyga, or Tráya,	Apporti,
Traygámos,	Apportiámo,
Traygáys,	Apportiáte,
Tráygan.	Appórtino.

Imper¦fect. Como	Truxéra, Traería, Truxésse,	Quando	Apportaréi or Apportássi,	Cum.	Adducerem,	When I had fetch or bring, &c.
Truxéras, Traerias, Truxésses,	Aportarésti or Apportássi,
Truxéra, Traería, Truxésse.	Apportarébbe or Apportásse.
Truxéramos, Traeríamos, Truxéssemos	Apportarémmo or Aportássimo
Truxérades, Traeríades, Truxéssedes,	Apportaréte or Apportáste,
Truxéran, Traerían, Truxéssen.	Apportarébbono or Apportássero you shal find in some authors Traxésse, Traxésses, &c.

perfect. Como	áya,	Traýdo.	Quando	Habbia,	Apportato.	Cum	Adduxerim,	When I haue fetched or brought, &c.
áyas,	Habbi,
áya,	Hábbia,
ayámos,	Habbiámo,
ayáys,	Habbiáte,
áyan.	Hábbiano,

			Quando
pluper¦fect. Como	uviéra or uviésse,	Traýdo.	Hauerei or Hauéssi,	Appor∣táto.	Adduxissem, &c.	When I had brought or fetched, &c.
uviéras or uviésses,	Haueresti or Hauéssi,
uviéra or uviésse,	Hauerébbe or Hauésse,
uviéramos or uviéssemos,	Hauerémmo or Hauéssimo,
uviérades or uvíéssedes,	Haueréste or Hauéste,
uviéran or uviéssen,	Hauerébbono or Hauéssero

Futur. Como	Truxére,	Quando	Haueró	Apportáto.	Cum	Adduxero, &c.	When I shall bring or fetch, &c.
Truxéres,	Hauerái Apportáto.
Truxére.	Hauerá Apportáto.
Truxéremos,	Hauerémo Apportáto.
Truxéredes,	Haueréte Apportáto.
Truxéren.	Haueránno Apportáto.

Infinitiue moode Present tense.

TRAE'R]

Apportare]

Adducere,]

to Bring, to Fetch.

Preterperfect tense.

Avér Traýdo,]

Hauer Apportato,]

Adduxisse,]

to haue brought.

Future tense.

Avér or Esperár de traér,

...Douer Apportare, ...Hauer ad Apportare, ...Essere per Apportare.

Adducturum esse,]

to bring hereafter.

Gerund.

Trayéndo,]

Apportando,]

Adducendo,]

in bringing or fetching.

Participle of the Actiue and Present tense.

El que tráe,]

Apportante,]

Adducens,]

one bringing.

Participle of the Passiue and Preter tense.

Traýdo,]

Apportato,]

Adductus,]

brought.

Participle of the Futue tense.

el que ha or espéra de Traér,	Douendo Apportare,	Adductu∣rus,	About to bring or fetch.
Essendo per Apportare,

These Verbes following ending in cer, make their Present tense of the Indicatiue by adding an s before c, thus,

Infinities,	Pres.	Preter.
Acaecér, to happen,	ýo acaésco,	Acaecý.
Acontecér, idem,	yo acontésco,	Acontescí.
Adolescér, to be sorie or sicke,	yo adolésco,	Adolescí.
Agradescér, to giue thankes,	yo agradésco,	Agradecý,
Amortecér, to swonne,	yo amortésco,	Amortecí.
Desfallecér, idem,	yo desfallésco,	Desfallecý.
Apetecér, to desire,	yo apetésco,	Aperecý.
Crecér, to growe,	yo crésco,	Crecí.
Encallecér, to waxe hard as brawne.	yo encallésco,	Encallecí.
Encarecér, to augment,	yo encarésco,	Encarecí.
Empecér, to hinder,	yo empésco,	Empecí.
Establecér, to establish,	yo establésco,	Establecí.
Fenecér, to finish,	yo fenésco,	Fenecí.
Pacér, to feede,	yo pásco,	Pací.
Perecér, to perish,	yo perésco,	Perecý.

Except.

Vencér, to ouercome,

yo venço,

Vencí.

In all other moodes and Tenses they are declined like the Verbes Regular of the second Coniugation in ER.

These in ger, make their Present of the Indicatiue by changing g into j, which the Spaniards in writing do much vse, setting downe the one for the other, as wel in Nounes as in Verbes, as in Nounes Magestád, Majestád: Mensáje, Menságe, and the like.

Infinitiues.	Pres.	Preter.
Encogér, to withdraw,	yo encójo,	Encogí.
Recogér, to gather vp or retire	yo recójo,	Recogí.
Acogér, to entertaine,	yo acójo,	Acogý.
Escogér, to choose out,	yo escójo,	Escogý.
Cogér, to gather,	yo cójo,	Cogý.
Vngír, to annoint,	yo únjo,	Vngí.

In other moodes and Tenses like the Regulars.

These make their Present tense of the Indicatiue by adding i in the last syllable saue one of the Infinitiue, as

Infinitiues.	Pres.	Preter.
Defender, to defend,	yo defiéndo,	Defendí.
Dehendér, to cleaue asunder.	yo dehiéndo,	Dehendí.

And these make the Present tense by turning o in the last syllable saue one of the Infini∣tiue into ue, as

Infinitiues.	Pres.	Pret.
Bolvér, to turne,	yo buélvo,	Bolví.
Rebolvér, to returne,	yo rebuélvo,	Rebolví.
Solér, to be wont,	yo suélo,	Solí.
Cosér, to sowe,	yo cuéso,	Cosý.
Cozér, to seethe,	yo cuézo,	Cozí.
Dolér, to be sorie, to grieue;	yo duélo,	Dolí,

And these following thus,

Caér, to fall,	yo cáygo,	Caý.
Roér, to gnawe,	yo róygo,	Roý.
Valér, to be worth,	yo válgo,	Valí.
Traér, to fetch or bring,	yo tráygo,	Trúxe.
Oýr, to heare,	yo óygo,	Oý.

In other Moodes and Tenses like the Regular Verbes.

In like manner thorow all Moodes and Tenses are his Compounds declined, as Retraér, to withdraw, yo Retráygo, I do withdraw, Retrúxe, I haue withdrawen, &c.

* 1.139Of Verbes Irregular the second Coniugation in ER, as SABER, in Italian Sapere, Latin Scire, Sapere, to Knowe.

Indicatiue moode

	Spanish.	Italian.	Latine.
Pres.	yo SE',	Io So,	Scio,	I knowe, thou knowest.
tu Sábes,	tu Sái,	Scis, &c.
aquel Sábe.	colui Sa.
Sabémos,	Sappiámo,
Sabéys,	Sapéte,
Sáben.	Sánno.

Imper¦fect.	Sabía,	Sapéua,	Sciebam, &c.	I did knowe, &c.
Sabias,	Sapéui,
Sabía.	Sapéua.
Sabíamos,	Sapeuámo,
Sabíades,	Sapeuáte,
Sabían.	Sapéuano.

First Perf.	Súpe,	Séppi,	Sciui, &c.	I haue knowen, &c.
Supiste,	Sappésti,
Súpo.	Séppe.
Supímos,	Sappémmo,
Supístes,	Sappéste,
Supiéron.	Séppero.

second perfect.	He	Sabído.	Ho	Saputo.	Sciui, &c. vt a••te.	I haue knowen, &c. as aboue.
as	Hai
a	Ha
Hémos	Habbiámo
avéys	Hauéte
án	Hánno

Pluper fect.	Avía	Sabído.	Hauéua	Saputo.	Sciueram, &c.	I had knowen, &c.
Avías	Hauéui
Avía	Hauéua
Avíamos	Haueuamo
Avíades	Hauéuate
Avían	Hauéuano

Futur.	Sabré,	Soppró,	Sciam, &c.	I shal or wil know &c.
Sabrás,	Sapprái,
Sabrá.	Sapprá.
Sabrémos,	Sapprémo,
Sabréys,	Sappréte,
Sabrán.	Sappránno.

Imperatiue moode

Sábe tu,	Sappi tu,	Sci, Scito, &c.	Know thou, &c.
Sépa aquel.	Sappia colui.
Sepámos,	Sappiámo,
Sabéd,	Sappiáte,
Sépan.	Sáppiano.

Declining of Verbes Irregular the second Coniugation in ER, as SABER.* 1.140

Subiunctiue moode

	Spanish.		Italian.		Latin.
Pres. Como	SE'PA,	Quando	SAPPIA,	Cum	Sciam, &c.	when I doe knowe, &c.
Sépas,	Sappi,
Sépa,	Sappia,
Sepámos,	Sappiámo,
Sepáys,	Sappiáte,
Sépan.	Sáppiano.

Imperfec. Como.	Supiéra, sabría, supiésse,	Saprèi, sapéssi,	Scirem, &c.	when I did knowe, &c.
Supiéras, sabrías, supiésses,	Saprésti, sapéssi,
Supiéra, sabría, supiésse,	Saprébbe, sapésse,
Supiéramos, sabríamos, supiéssemos,	Saprémo, sapéssimo,
Supiérades, sabríades, supiéssedes,	Sapréste, sapéste,
Supiéran, sabrian, supiéssen.	Saprébbero, sapéssero.

			Quando		Cum
Perfect. Como	A'ya,	Sabído.	Hábbia,	Saputo.	Sciuerim, &c.	when I haue knowne, &c.
áyas,	Hábbi,
áya,	Hábbia,
Ayámos,	Habbiámo,
ayáys,	Habbiáte,
áyan,	Hábbiano,

			Quando		Cum
Pluperfe. Como	Uviéra, or uviesse,	Sabído.	Hauerei, hauéssi,	Sapúto.	Sciuissem, &c.	when I had knowne, &c.
uviéras, or uviésses,	Hauerésti, hauésti,
uviéra, or uviésse,	Hauerébbe, hauesse,
uviéramos, or uviéssemos,	Hauerémo, hauéssimo,
uviérades, or uviésseds.	Haueréte, hauéste,
uviéran, or uviéssen,	Hauerébbono, hauéssero,

					Cum
First Future Como	Supiére,	Quando	Hauero,	Sapúto.	Sciuero, &c.	when I shal knowe, &c.
Supiéres,	Hauerái,
Supiére,	Hauerá,
Supiéremos,	Hauerémo,
Supiéredes,	Haueréte,
Supiéren.	haueránno,

			Quando		Cum
Second Future Como	Uviére, or avré,	Sabído.	Haueró,	Sapúto.	Sciuero, &c. vt antea.	when I shall knowe, &c.
uviéres, or avrás,	Hauerái,
uviére, or avrá,	Hauerá,
uviéremos, or avrémos,	Hauerémo,
uviéredes, or avréys,	Haueréte,
uviéren, or aurán.	haueránno,

Infinitiue moode Present tense.

SABE'R]

Sapére,]

Scire,]

to knowe.

Preterpefect tense.

avér Sabído,]

hauer Sapúto,]

Sciuisse,]

to haue knowne.

Future tense.

avér or es∣perár de Sabér,

...Douer sapére, ...Hauer a sapére, ...Essere per sapére,

Sciturum esse,]

to knowe hereafter.

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Gerund.

Sabiéndo,]

Sapendo,]

Sciendo,]

In knowing.

Participle of the Present, and Actiue.

el que Sábe,]

quello chi Sa,]

Sciens,]

one knowing.

Participle of the Preter tense and Passiue.

Sabido,]

Sapúto,]

knowen.

Declining of Verbes Irregular of the second Coniugation in ER, as TENER, TENER. In Italian, and Latin, Tenére, to Hold.

Indicatiue moode

Present.	YO TE'NGO,	IO TE'NGO,	Teneo, &c.	I do Hold, &c.
tu Tiénes,	tu Tiéni,
aquél Tiéne,	colui Tiéne,
Tenémos,	Teniámo,
Tenéys,	Tenéte,
Tiénen,	Téngono.

Imperfe.	Tenía,	Tenéua, & tenéa,	Tenebam, &c.	I did Hold, &c.
Tenías,	Tenéui,
Tenia,	Tenéua, & tenéa,
Teníamos,	Teneuámo,
Teníades,	Teneuáte,
Tenían.	Tenéuano.

First Perfect.	Túve,	Tenni,	Tenui, &c.	I haue Held, &c.
Tuviste,	Tenesti,
Túvo,	Ténne,
Tuvímos,	Tennémmo,
Tuvistes,	Tenéste,
Tuviéron.	Ténnero.

Second Perfec.	Yo He,	Tenído.	Ho,	Tenúto.	Tenuì, &c.	I haue Held, &c. as next aboue.
Tu as,	Hai,
aquel á,	Ha,
Hémos,	Habbiámo,
avéys,	Hauéte,
án,	Hánno.

Pluperfe.	Avia,	Tenído.	Hauéua,	Tenúto.	Tenueram, &c.	I had Held, &c.
Avias,	Hauéui,
Avia,	Hauéua,
Avíamos,	Haueuámo,
Avíades,	Haueuáte,
Avian.	Hauéuano,

Future.	Tendré, or Terné,	Tenneró, & Terró,	Tenebo, &c.	I shall or will Hold, &c.
Tendrás, or Ternás,	Tennerái, & Terrái,
Tendrá, or Terná,	Tennerá, & Terra,
Tendrémos, or Ternémos,	Tenerémo, & Terrémo,
Tendréys, or Ternéys,	Teneréte, & Terreste,
Tendran, or ternán,	Tenneránno, & Terránno,

Imperatiue moode

Tén tu,	Tiém tu,	Tene tu, &c.	Hold thou, &c.
Ténga aquél,	Ténga colui,
Tengámos,	Teniámo,
Tenéd,	Tenéte,
Téngan.	Téngano.

Subiunctiue moode.

	Spanish.		Italian.		Latin.
Pres. Como	Ténga,	Quando	Tenga,	Cum	Teneam, &c.	When I doe hold, &c.
Téngas,	Tenghi,
Ténga,	Tenga,
Tengámos,	Teniámo,
Tengáys,	Teniáte,
Téngan.	Téngano.

Imper¦fect. Como	Tuviéra, ternía, tuviésse,	Quando	Tenéssi, teneréi, tenería,	Cum	Tenerem, &c.	When I did hold, &c.
Tuviéras, ternías, tuviésses,	Tenéssi, teneresti,
Tuviéra, ternia, tuviésse.	Tenésse, tenerébbe, tenería,
Tuviéramos, terníamos, tuviéssemos,	Tenéssimo, tenerémmo,
Tuviérades, terníades, tuviéssedes,	Tenéste, tenereste,
Tuviéran, ternían, tuviéssen.	Tenéssero, tenerébbono.

perfect. Como	áya,	Tenído.	Quando	Habbia,	Tenúto.	Cum	Tenuerim, &c.	When I haue holden, &c.
áyas,	Habbi,
áya,	Hábbia,
ayámos,	Habbiámo,
ayáys,	Habbiáte,
áyan,	Hábbiano,

			Quando		Cum
pluper¦fect. Como	uviéra or uniésse,	Tenído.	Hauerei or Hauéssi,	Tenú∣to.	Tenuissem, &c.	When I had holden, &c.
uviéras or uviésses,	Haueresti or Hauéssi,
uviéra or uviésse,	Hauerébbe or Hauésse,
uviéramos or uviéssemos,	Hauerémmo or Hauéssimo,
uviérades or uviéssedes,	Haueréste or Hauéste,
uviéran or uviéssen,	Hauerébbono or Hauéssero

First Futur. Como	Tuviére,		Cum	Tenuero, &c.	When I shall or wil hold, &c.
Tuviéres,
Tuviére,
Tuviéremos,
Tuviéredes,
Tuviéren.

Secōd Futur. Como	uviére or avré,	Tenído.	Haueró	Tenúto.	Cum	Tenuero, &c. vt antè.	When I shall or wil hold, &c. as next aboue.
uviéres or avrás,	Hauerái
uviére or avrá,	Hauerá
uviéremos or avrémos,	Hauerémo
uviéredes or avréys,	Haueréte
uviéren or avrán,	Haueránno

Infinitiue moode Present tense.

TENE'R,]

Tenére,]

Tenere,]

to Hold.

Preterperfect tense.

Aver Tenído,]

Hauér Tenúto,]

Tenuisse,]

to haue Holden.

Future tense.

Avér de Tenér,

Douér tenére, Hauér a tenére, Essere per tenére,

Tenturum esse,]

to Hold hereafter.

Gerund.

Teniéndo,]

Tenéndo,]

Tenendo,]

In Holding.

Participle of the Present and Actiue.

El que tiéne,]

Tenénte,]

Tenens,]

one Holding.

Participle of the Preter and Passiue.

Tenído,

Tenúto,

Tentus,

Holden.

Like this verbe simple are his Compounds in all points declined thorow all Moodes and Tenses, as Mantenér, to maintaine, yo Manténgo, Mantúve. Detenér, to detaine or stay, yo Detén∣go, Detúve. Retenér, to with hold or retaine, yo Reténgo, Retúve. Softenér, to sustaine or vphold, yo Sosténgo, Sustúve.

* 1.141The second Coniugation of Verbes Irregular in ER, as PODER, in Italian Potere, in Latin Posse, to be able.

Indicatiue moode.

	Spanish.	Italian.	Latin.
Pres.	yo PUE'DO,	POSSO,	Possum, &c.	I can or am able, &c.
tu Puédes,	Puoi,
aquel Puéde.	Puo.
Podémos,	Possiámo,
Podéys,	Potéte,
Puéden.	Póssano & Pónno.

Imperfect	Podía,	Potéua or Potéa,	Poteram, &c.	I was able, &c.
Podias,	Potéui,
Podía,	Potéua or Potéa,
Podíamos,	Poteuámo,
Podíades,	Poteuáte,
Podían.	Potéuano.

First per∣fect.	Púde,	Potei,	Potui, &c.	I could or haue been able, &c.
Pudiste,	Potesti,
Púdo.	Puoté.
Pudímos,	Potémmo,
Pudistes,	Potéste,
Pudiéron.	Potérono & Pótero.

Second perfect.	He	Podído.	Ho	Potúto.	Potui, &c. vt supra.	I could or haue been able, &c. as next aboue.
as	Hai
a	Ha
Hémos	Habbiámo
avéys	Hauéte
an	Hanno

Pluperf.	Avía	Podído.	Hauéua	Potúto.	Potueram, &c.	I had been able, &c.
Avías	Hauéuo
Avía	Hauéua
Avíamos	Haueuámo
Avíades	Haueuáte
Avían	Haueuáno

Future.	Podré,	Potró,	Potero, &c.	I shall or will be able, &c.
Podrás,	Potrái,
Podrá.	Potrá,
Podrémos,	Potrémo,
Podréys,	Potréte,
Podrán.	Potránno.

Imperatiue moode wanteth as in the Latin.

Of Verbes Irregular, the second Coniugation in ER, as PODE'R.* 1.142

Subiunctiue moode.

	Spanish.		Italian.		Latin.
Pres. Como	Puéda,	Quando	Possa,	Cum	Possim, &c.	When I can or be able, &c.
puédas,	possi,
puéda,	possa,
puedámos,	possiámo, & potiámo,
podáys,	possiáte, & potiáte,
puédan,	póssano.

Imper¦fect. Como	Pudiéra, podría, pudiésse,	Quando	potéssi, potréi, potría,	Cum	Possem, &c.	When I coulde or might be able, &c.
pudiéras, podrías, pudiésses,	potéssi, potrésti,
pudiéra, podría, pudiésse,	potésse, potrébbe, potría,
pudiéramos, podríamos, pudiéssemos,	potéssimo, potrémmo,
pudiérades, podríades, pudiéssedes,	potéste, potréste,
pudiéran, podrian, pudiéssen.	potéssero, potrébbono, potríano,

Perf. Como	áya,	Podído.	Quando	hábbia,	Potuto.	Cum	Potue∣rim, &c.	When I haue been able, &c.
áyas,	hábbi,
áya,	hábbia,
áyamos,	habbiámo,
ayáys,	habbiáte,
áyan,	hábbiano,

			Quando		Cum
Plu∣perfect. Como	uviéra, or uviésse,	Podído.	hauéssi, haueréi,	Po∣túto	Potuis∣sem, &c.	When I had been able, &c.
uviéra, or uviésses,	hauéssi, hauerésti,
uviéra, or uviésse,	hauésse, hauerébbe,
uviéramos, or uviéssemos	hauéssimo, hauerémo,
uviérades, or uviéssedes,	hauéste, haueréste,
uviéran, or uviéssen,	hauéssero, hauerébbono,

		Cum
First future. Como	Pudiére,		Potuero, &c.	When I shall be a∣ble heereaf∣ter, &c.
pudiéres,
pudiére,
pudiéremos,
pudiéredes,
pudiéren.

			Quando		Cum
second Futur. Como	uviére, or avré	Podído.	haueró,	Potúto.	Potuero, &c. vt ante.	When I shall or wil be able heer after, &c. as next a∣boue.
uviéres, or avrás,	haueraí,
uviére, or avrá,	hauerá,
uviéremos, or avrémos,	hauerémo,
uviéredes, or avréys,	haueréte,
uviéren, or avrán,	haueránno,

Infinitiue moode Present tense.

Podér,]

Potére,]

Posse,]

To be able.

Preterperfect tense.

Avér podído,]

Hauer potúto,]

Potuisse,]

To haue beene able.

Gerund.

Pudiéndo,]

Poténdo,]

In being able.

Participle.

Podído,]

Potúto,]

Able.

* 1.143Of Verbes Irregular of the second Coniugation, in ER, as QVERER, in Italian, Volere, in Latin Velle, To will, to loue, or to bée willing.

Indicatiue moode.

	Spanish.	Italian.	Latin.
Pres.	yo QVIE'RO,	Io VO'GLIO,	Volo,	I will, or loue, &c.
tu quieres,	tu vuoi,	Vis, &c.
aquel quiére,	colúi vuole,
Plu.	Plu.
querémos,	vogliámo,
queréys,	voléte,
quiéren.	vógliono.

Imper	quería,	voléua,	Volebam, &c.	I did will, or I did loue, &c.
querías,	voléui,
quería,	voléua,
queríamos,	voleuámo,
queriades,	voleuáte,
querian.	voléuano.

First Perf.	quíse,	volli, & volsi,	Volui, &c.	I haue willed, or I haue loued, &c.
quisiste,	vollesti,
quiso,	volle, & volse,
quisímos,	volémmo,
quisistes,	volleste,
quisiéron.	vólsero.

second Perf.	He,	Querído.	ho,	Vo∣lúto	Volui, &c.	I haue willed, or I haue loued, &c. as next aboue.
as,	hai,	vt antè.
a,	ha,
hémos or avémos	habbiámo,
avéys,	hauéte,
an,	hánno,

Plu∣perfect.	avía,	Querído.	hauéua,	Vo∣lúto	Volueram, &c.	I had willed, or I had loued, &c.
avías,	hauéui,
avía,	hauéua,
avíamos,	haueuámo,
avíades,	haueuáte,
avían,	haueuano,

Futur	querré,	vorró,	volam, &c.	I will, or shall will or loue, &c.
querrás,	vorrái,
querrá	vorrá,
querrémos,	vorrémo,
querréys,	vorréte,
querrán.	vorránno.

Imperatiue moode.

Impe¦ratiue moode.	quére tu,	vuoi tu,	Latin wan∣teth the Im¦peratiue. moode.	Will thou or loue thou, &c.
quera aquél,	voglia colúi,
querámos,	vogliámo,
queréd,	vogliate,
quéran.	voglíno,

Of Verbes Irregular of the second Coniugation in ER, as QVERER.* 1.144

Subiunctiue moode

	Spanish.	Italian.	Latin.
Pres. Como	Quéra, or Quérra, &c.	Quando	Vóglia,	Cum	Velim, &c.	when I will or loue, &c.
Quéras,	Vógli,
Quéra,	Vóglia,
Querámos,	Vogliámo,
Queráys,	Vogliáte,
Quéran.	Vógliano.

Imper¦fect. Como	Quisiéra, quérria, quisiésse,	Quando	Voléssi, vorei, & vorría,	Cum	Vellem, &c.	When I would or did loue, &c.
Quisiéras, querrías, quisiésses,	Volésti, vorrésti,
Quisiéras, querrías, quisiésses,	Volésse, vorrébbe, vorría,
Quisiéramos, querríamos, quisiéssemos,	Voléssimo, vorémmo,
Quisiérades, querríades, quisiéssedes,	Voléste, voréste,
Quisiéran, querrían, quisiéssen.	Voléssero, vorrébbono, & vorriano.

			Quando
perfect. Como	A'ya,	Querído.	Hábbia,	Volúto. Cum	Volue∣rim, &c.	when I haue willed or lo∣ued, &c.
áyas,	Hábbi,
áya,	Hábbia,
Ayámos,	Habbiámo,
Ayáys,	Habbiáte,
áyan,	Habbíano,

			Quando		Cum
pluper∣fect. Como	Uviéra, or uviésse,	Querído.	Hauéssi, or hauerei,	Volúto.	Voluis∣sem, &c.	when I had wil∣led or loued &c.
uviéras, or uviésses,	Hauesti, or hauerésti,
uviéra, or uviésse,	Hauésse, or hauerébbe,
uviéramos, or uviéssemos,	Hauéssimo, or hauerémo,
uviérades, or uviéssedes,	Hauéste, or haueréste,
uviéran, or uviéssen,	Hauéssero, or hauerébbono,

First Futur Como	Quisiére,	Quando	Haueró,	Volúto. Cum	Voluero &c.	when I shall will or loue.
Quisiéres,	Hauerái,
Quisiére,	Hauerá,
Quisiéremos,	Hauerémo,
Quisiéredes,	Haueréte,
Quisiéren.	Haueránno,

			Quando
second Futur Como	Uviére, or avré,	Querído.	Haueró	Volúto. Cum	Voluero &c. vt. ante.	when I shall be willing or loue, &c.
uviéres, or avrás,	Hauerái,
uviére, or avrá,	Hauerá,
uviéremos, or avrémos,	Hauerémo,
uviéredes, or avréys,	Haueréte,
uviéren, or avrén,	Haueránno,

Infinitiue moode Present tense.

Querér,]

Volere,]

Velle,]

to will or loue.

Preterperfect tense.

avér Querído,]

hauer Voluto,]

Voluisse,]

to haue loued or beene willing.

Gerund.

Queriéndo,]

Volendo,]

Volendo,]

In being willing or louing.

Participle.

Querído,]

Voluto,]

loued, willed.

Ad to this verbe this particle Mas, and so decline it thorow al moods and tenses, and it makes the signification to be in Latin Malo, in English I had leifer, I would rather, as yo Quiéro mas, in Latin Malo, I would leifer, or loue more: tu quiéres mas, Mauis, thou hadst rather or louest more, Preterimperfect tense yo Quería mas, I would rather or loued more. Preterperf. Quíse mas, &c.

* 1.145Of Verbes Irregular the second Coniugation in ER, as PONER, in Italian, Ponere, Porre, Mettere, in Latin, Ponere, Locare, to Put, to place.

Indicatiue moode

	Spanish.	Italian.	Latin.
Pres.	YO PONGO,	IO PO'NGO,	Pono, &c.	I doe put, &c.
tu Pónes,	tu Póni,
aquél Póne,	colui Póne,
Plu.	Plu.
Ponémos,	Poniámo,
Ponéys,	Ponéte,
Pónen.	Póngono,

Imperfect	Ponía,	Ponéua,	Pónebam, &c.	I did put, &c.
Ponías,	Ponéui,
Ponia,	Ponéua,
Poníamos,	Poneuámo,
Poníades,	Poneuáte,
Ponían.	Ponéuano.

First Perfect.	Púse,	Pósi,	Posui, &c.	I haue put, &c.
Pusiste,	Ponésti,
Púso,	Póse,
Pusimos,	Ponémmo,
Pusistes,	Ponéste,
Pusiéron.	Pósero.

Second Perfect.	He,	Puésto.	Ho,	Posto.	Posui, &c.	I haue put, &c.
as,	Hai,
a,	Ha,
Avémos, y hémos,	Habbiámo,
Avéys,	Hauéte,
an,	Hánno,

Pluperfec	Avía,	Puésto.	Hauéua,	Posto.	Posueram, &c.	I had put, &c.
Avías,	Hauéui,
Avía,	Hauéua,
Avíamos,	Haueuámo,
Avíades,	Haueuáte,
Avían,	Hauéuano,

Future	Porné, or Pondré,	Poneró, & Porró,	Ponam, &c.	I shal or wil put, &c.
Pornás, or Pondrás,	Ponerái, & Porrái,
Porná, or Pondrá,	Ponerá, & Porrá,
Pornémos, or Pondrémos,	Ponerémo, & Porrémo,
Pornéys, or Pondréys.	Poneréte, & Porréte,
Pornan, or Pondrán.	Ponneránno, & Poránno.

Imperatiue moode.

Pó tu,	Pone tu,	Pone, Poneto, Ponat, Po∣neto, &c.	put thou, put he or let him put, &c.
Pónga aquél,	Pónga colui,
Pongámos,	Poniámo,
Ponéd,	Ponéte,
Póngan.	Póngano.

Of Verbes Irregular the second Coniugation in ER, as PONER.* 1.146

Subiunctiue moode.

	Spanish.	Italian.	Latin.
Pres. Como	Pónga,	Quando	Pónga,	Cum	Ponam, &c.	When I do put, &c
Póngas,	Pónghi,
Pónga.	Pónga.
Pongámos,	Poniámo,
Pongáys,	Poniáte,
Póngan.	Póngano.

Imper¦fect. Como	Pusiéra, pornía or pondría, pusiésse,	Quando	Ponéssi, Ponerei,	Cum	Ponerem, &c.	When I did put, &c
Pusiéras, pornias or pondrías, pusiésses,	Ponéssi, Ponerésti,
Pusiéras, pornias or pondrias, pusiésse.	Ponésse, Ponerébbe,
Pusiéramos, porníamos or pondriamos, pusiéssemos	Ponéssimo, Ponerémmo,
Pusiérades, porníades or pondriades, pusiéssedes,	Ponéste, Poneréste,
Pusiéran, pornían or pondrían, pusiéssen.	Ponéssero, Ponerébbono.

Perf. Como	áya	Puésto.	Quando	Hábbia	Pósto.	Cum	Posuerim, &c.	When I haue put, &c.
áyas	Hábbi
áya	Hábbia
ayámos	Habbiámo
ayáys	Habbiáte
áyan	Hábbiano

			Quando		Cum
Pluper¦fect. Como	uviera or uviésse	Puésto.	Hauerei or Hauessi	Pósto.	Posuissem,	When I had put, &c.
uviéras or uviésses	Hauerésti or Hauésti
uviéra or uviésse	Hauerébbe or Hauésse
uviéramos or uviéssemos	Hauerémmo or hauéssimo
uviéredes or uviéssedes	Haueréste or Hauéste
uviéran or uviéssen	Haberébbono or Hauéssero

First Futur. Como	Pusiére,		Cum	Posuero, &c.	When I shall or will put, &c.
Pusiéres,
Pusiére.
Pusiéremos,
Pusiéredes.
Pusiéren.

			Quando
second Futur Como	Uviére or avré	Puésto.	Haueró	Posto.	Cum	Posuero, &c.	When I shall or will put, &c.
uviéres or avrás	Hauerái
uviére or avrá	Haterá
uviéremos or avrémos	Hauerémo
uviéredes or avréys	Haueréte
uviéren or avrán,	Haueránno

Infinitiue moode Present tense.

PONER,]

Ponere, Mettere, Porre,]

Ponere,]

to Put.

Preterpefect tense.

Avér Puésto,]

Hauer Posto,]

Posuisse,]

to haue Put.

Gerund.

Poniendo,]

Ponendo,]

Ponendo,]

In Putting.

Participle.

Puésto,]

Posto,]

Positus,]

Put.

After this manner are declined in all points Componér, to compose, yo Compóngo, I doe compose, yo Compúse, I haue composed, &c. Also Disponér, to dispose, yo Dispongo, I dispose, Dispúse, I haue disposed. And Anteponér, to put before, yo Antepongo, I doe put before, Ante∣púse, I haue put before. So Proponér, to set out, to alleage, yo Propóngo, Propúse.

* 1.147Of Verbes Irregular the second Coniugation in ER, as HAZER, in Italian Fare, in Latin Facere, to doe, to make.

Indicatiue moode.

	Spanish.	Italian.	Latin.
Pres.	yo HA'GO,	Io FO,	Facio, &.	I doe make or doe, &c.
tu Házes,	tu Fai,
aquel Háze.	colui Fa.
Hazémos,	Facciámo,
Hazéis,	Fate,
Házen.	Fánno.

Imperf.	Hazía,	Facéua,	Faciebam, &c.	I did make or doe, &c.
Hazías,	Facéui,
Hazía.	Facéua.
Hazíamos,	Faceuámo,
Hazíades,	Faceuáte,
Hazían.	Facéuano.

First per∣fect.	Hize,	Féci,	Feci, &c.	I haue made or done, &c.
Hizíste,	Facésti,
Hizo.	Féce.
Hizímos,	Facémmo,
Hizístes,	Facéste,
Hiziéron.	Fécero.

Second Perfect.	He	Hécho.	Ho	Fátto.	Feci, &c. vt ante.	I haue made or done, &c.
as	Hai
a	Ha
Hémos	Habbiámo
avéys	Hauéte
an	Hánno

Pluper∣fect.	Avía	Hecho.	Hauéua	Fátto.	Feceram, &c.	I had made or done, &c.
Avías	Hauéui
Avía	Hauéua
Avíamos	Haueuámo
Avíades	Haueuáte
Avían	Hauéuano

Future.	Haré,	Faró,	Faciam, &c.	I shall or will make or doe, &c.
Harás,	Farái,
Hará.	Fará.
Harémos,	Farémo,
Haréys,	Faréte,
Harán.	Faránno.

Imperatiue moode.

Ház tu,	Fa tu,	Fac, Facito, &c.	Doe thou, or make thou, &c.
Hága aquel.	Fáccia colui.
Hagámos,	Facciámo,
Hazéd,	Fate,
Hágan.	Fácciano.

Of Verbes Irregular the second Coniugation in ER, as HAZER.* 1.148

Subiunctiue moode.

	Spanish.		Italian.		Latin.
Pres. Como	Hága,	Quando	Faccia,	Cum	faciam, &c.	When I doe make or do, &c.
hágas,	facci,
hága,	faccia,
hagámos,	facciamo,
hagáys,	facciáte,
hágan.	fácciano.

Imper Como	hiziéra, haría, hiziésse,	Quando	facessi, farei, faría,	Cum	Facerem, &c.	When I did do or make, &c.
hiziéras, harías, hiziésses,	facésti, farésti,
hiziéra, haría, hiziésse,	facésse, farébbe, faría,
hiziéramos, haríamos, hiziéssemos,	facéssimo, farémmo,
hiziérades, haríades, hiziéssedes,	facésti, faréste,
hiziéran, harían, hiziéssen.	facéssero, farebbono, faríno.

						Cum
Perf. Como	áya,	Hecho.	Quando	hábbia,	Fat to.	Fecerim, &c.	When I haue made or done, &c.
áyas,	hábbi,
áya,	hábbia,
ayámos,	habbiámo,
ayáys,	habbiáte,
áyan,	habbiano,

			Quando		Cum
Plu∣perf. Como	uviéra, or uviésse,	Hecho.	hauerei, or hauessi,	Fat to.	Fecissem, &c.	When I had made or done, &c.
uviéras, or uviésses,	haueresti, or hauésti,
uviéra, or uviésse,	hauerébbe, or hauesse,
uviéramos, or uviéssemos,	hauerémmo, or hauessimo
uviérades, or uviéssedes,	hauerésti, or hauéste,
uviéran, or uviéssen,	hauerébbono, or hauessimo

First future. Como	hiziére,		Cum	Fecero, &c.	When I shall or will make or do, &c.
hiziéres,
hiziére,
hiziéremos,
hiziéredes,
hiziéren.

					Cum
second Futur. Como	Uviére, or avré,	Hecho.	Haueró,	Fat to.	Fecero, &c. vt antè.	When I shall or wil make or do, &c.
uviéres, or avrás,	Hauerái,
uviére, or avrá,	Hauerá,
uviéremos, or avrémos,	Hauerémo,
uviéredes, or avréys,	Haueréte,
uviéren, or avrán.	haueránno,

Infinitiue moode Present tense.

Hazér,]

Fare,]

Facere, To do to make.

Preterperfect tense.

Aver hecho,]

Hauer fatto,]

Fecisse,]

To haue made or done, &c.

Future tense.

Aver or esperar de hazer,	Douer fare,	Facturum esse vel fore.	To make or do heereafter.
Esser per fare,
Hauer a fáre.

Gerund.

Haziéndo]

Facendo,]

Faciendo,]

In doing or making, &c.

Supine of the Actiue voice.

A Hazér,]

Di fare,]

Factum,]

To make or do.

Supine of the Passiue voice.

De sér hécho,]

D'esser fatto,]

Factu,]

To be made or don.

Participle of the Actiue and Present tense.

El que háze,]

Facente,]

Faciens,]

One doing or making.

Participle of the Passiue and Pretertense.

Hécho]

Fatto,]

Factus,]

Made or done, &c.

Participle of the Future tense.

El que ha, or Espéra de hazér,	Hauendo a fare,	Facturus,]	About to do, &c.
Essendo per fare,

* 1.149Of Verbes Irregular the second Coniugation in ER, as CABER, in Italian Capere, Latin Continere & Contineri, To containe, or to be contained.

Indicatiue moode.

	Spanish.	Italian.	Latine.
Pres.	Yo QVE'PO,	lo CAPISCO,	Ego contineo, tu contines, &c. Ego contineor, tu continéris, &c.	Thou containest, &c. Thou art contained, &c.
tu cábes.	tu capísci,
aquél cábe,	colui capísce,
cabémos,	capiámo,
cabéys,	capíte,
cáben.	capíscono,

Imper¦fect.	cabía,	capíua,	continebam, &c.	I did containe, &c.
cabias,	capíui,	continébar, &c.	I was contained, &c.
cabía,	capíua,
cabíamos,	capiuámo,
cabiades,	capiuáte,
cabían.	capíuano.

First Perf.	cúpe,	capi, or capii,	continui, &c.	I haue contained, &c.
cupiste,	capísti,	contentus sum vel fui, &c.
cúpo,	capé	I haue beene con∣tained. &c.
cupímos,	capímmo,
cupistes,	capíste,
cupiéron.	capírono,

second Perf.	he	Cabído.	Ho,	Capíto.	continui, &c.	I haue contained, &c
as	Hai,	contentus sum vel fui, &c.	I haue beene con∣tained, &c.
a	Ha,
avémos	Habbiámo,
avéys	Hauéte,
an	Hánno,

Plu∣perfect.	avía	Cabído.	Hauéua,	Capíto.	continueram, &c.	I had contained, &c.
avías	Hauéui,	contentus eram vel fu∣eram, &c.	I had beene contai∣ned, &c.
avia	Hauéua,
avíamos,	Haueuámo,
aviades	Haueuáte,
avían	Hauéuano,

Futur	cabré,	caperó,	continebo, &c.	I shall or will con∣taine, &c.
cabrás,	capirái,	continebor, &c.
cabrá,	capirá,		I shall or will bee contained, &c.
cabrémos,	capirémo,
cabréys,	capiréte,
cabrán.	capiránno.

Of Verbes Irregular the second Coniugation in ER, as CABER.* 1.150

Subiunctiue moode

	Spanish.		Italian.	Latine.
Pres. Como	Quépa,	Quando	Capisca,	Cum	Contineam, &c.	when I doe containe, &c.
Quépas,	Capísci,
Quépa,	Capísca,	Continear, &c.	when I am contained, &c
Quepámos,	Capiámo,
Quepáys,	Capiáte,
Quépan.	Capíscano.

Imper¦fect. Como	Cupiéra, cabría, cupiésse,	Quando	Capíssi, caperirei, capería,	Cum	Cōtinerem, &c.	when I did containe, &c.
Cupiéras, cabrías, cupiésses,	Capisti, capirésti,
Cupiéra, cabría, cupiesse,	Capísse, capirébbe, capería,	Continerer &c.	when I was contained, &c.
Cupiéramos, cabríamos, cupiéssemos,	Capíssimo, capirémmo,
Cupiérades, cabríades, cupiéssedes,	Capíste, capiréste,
Cupiéran, cabrían, cupiéssen.	Capíssero, capirébbono, ca∣piríano.

			Quando
Perfec Como	A'ya,	Cabído.	Hábbia,	Capíto.	Cum	Continue∣rim, &c.	when I haue contained, &c
áyas,	Habbí,
áya,	Habbia,	Contentus sim, &c.	when I haue been contai∣ned, &c.
Ayámos,	Habbiámo,
ayáys,	Habbiáte,
áyan,	Hábbiano,

					Cum
pluper fect. Como	Uviéra, or uviésse,	Cabído.	Hauéssi, & haueréi,	Capíto.	Continu∣issem, &c	when I had contai¦ned, &c
uviéras, or uviésses,	Hauésti, & hauerésti,
uviéra, or uviésse,	Hauesti, & hauerébbe,	Conten∣tus essem &c.
uviéramos, or uviéssemos,	Hauéssimo, & hauerémmo	when I had bin, &c
uviérades, or uviéssedes,	Hauéste, & haueréste,
uviéran, or uviéssen,	Hauéssero, & hauerébbono

Futur Como	Cupiére,	Cum	Continuero &c.	when I shal containe, &c.
Cupiéres,
Cupiére,	Contentus ero, &c.	when I shal be contained &c.
Cupiéremos,
Cupiéredes,
Cupiéren.

Infinitiue moode Present tense.

CABE'R,]	Capere,	Continere,	to containe, &c.
Contineri,	to be contained, &c,

Preterperfect tense.

avér Cabído,]	hauer capíto,	Continuisse,	to haue contained, &c.
Contentum Esse vel fuisse,	to haue been contained, &c.

Gerund.

Cabiéndo,]	Capendo,]	Continendo,	In containing, &c.
I being contained, &c.

Participle.

Cabído,]

Capíto,]

Contentus,]

contained.

* 1.151Of Verbes Irregular the second Coniugation in ER, as VER, in Italian Vedere, Latin Videre, to Sée.

Indicatiue moode

	Spanish.	Italian,	Latin.
Pres.	YO VE'O,	IO Védo & VE'GGIO,	Video, &c.	I doe see, &c.
tu Vées,	tu Védi,
aquél Vée,	colui Véde,
Vémos,	Vediámo, & Veggiámo,
Véys,	Vedéte,
Véen.	Védem, & Véggono.

Imper¦fect. Como	Vía,	Vedéua, & Vedéa,	Videbam, &c	I did see, &c.
Vías,	Vedéui,
Vía.	Vedéua, & Vedéa.
Víamos,	Vedeuamo,
Víades,	Vedeuáte,
Vían.	Vedéuano, & Vedéano.

First perfec.	Ví or Víde,	Vídi, or Vidi,	Vidi, &c.	I haue seene, &c.
Viste, or Viste,	Vedésti,
Vió, or Vído,	Vidde.
Vímos,	Vidémmo,
Vístes,	Vidésti,
Viéron.	Viddero.

second perfect.	He	Vísto.	Ho	Vedúto. or Visto.	Vidi, &c.	I haue seene, &c.
as	Hai,
a	Ha,
Hémos	Habbiámo
avéys	Hauéte,
an	Hánno

pluper¦fect.	Avía	Vísto.	Hauéua	Veduto, or Visto.	Videram, &c.	I had seene, &c.
Avías	Hauéui,
Avía.	Hauéua,
Avíamos	Haueuámo
Avíades	Haueuáte
Avían	Hauéuano

Futur.	Veré,	Vederó, & Vedró,	Videbo, &c.	I shall or will see, &c.
Verás,	Vederái, & Vedrái,
Verá,	Vederá, & Vedrá.
Verémos,	Vederémo, & Vedrémo,
Veréys,	Vederéte, & Vedréte,
Verán.	Vederánno, & Vedránno.

Imperatiue moode.

Vée tu,	Vedi tu,	Vide, videto, &c.	see tou, &c.
Véa aquél,	Veda, & vegga colui,
Veámos,	Veggiámo,
Véd,	Vedéte,
Véan.	Védano, & Véggano.

In the Subiunctiue and Infinitiue moode altogither as verbes aforegoing, as the Pre∣sent tense Véa, the Preterimperfect. Viéra, veria, viésse, the Preterperfect. áya visto, the Preterplu∣perfect. uviéra, or uviésse, visto, the Future viéro, Infinitiue vér, Participle visto.

Solér, to be wont or accustomed. Indicat. Pres. yo Suélo, I am wont, tu Suéles, aquél Suéle, thou art wont, he is woont. Solémos, we are wont, Soléys, ye are wont, Suélen, they are wont. Imperfect. Solia. Perfect. Soli. In like manner Dolér, to grieue, to be sorie, declined, yo Duélo, Dolia, Dolí, He Dolído, &c.

Of the third and last Coniugation of Verbs Irregular in IR or Yr, as VENIR, in Italian and Latin Venire, to Come.* 1.152

Indicatiue moode.

	Spanish.	Italian.	Latin.
Pres.	yo VE'NGO,	Io VE'NGO,	Venio, &c.	I do come, &c.
tu Viénes,	tu viéni,
aquel Viéne.	colui viene.
Plur.
Venimos,	Veniámo,
Venis,	Veníte,
Viénen.	Véngono.

Imperf.	Venía,	Veniua,	Veniebam, &c.	I did come, &c.
Venías,	Veniui,
Venía.	Veniua.
Veníamos,	Veniuámo,
Veníades,	Veniuáte,
Venían.	Veníuano.

First Perfect.	Víne,	Vénni,	Veni, &c.	I haue come, &c
Veniste,	Vennésti,
Víno,	Vénne.
Venímos,	Venémmo,
Veníste,	Venéste,
Veniéron.	Vénnero.

Second Perfect.	He	Venído.	Sono Venúto.	Veni, &c.	I haue come, &c
as	sei Venúto.
a	é Venúto.
Hémos	Siámo Venúti.
avéys	Sete Venúti.
an	Sono Venúti.

Pluperfe.	Avia	Venído.	E'ra Venúto.	Veneram, &c.	I had come, &c.
Avías	éri Venúto.
Avia	éra Venúto.
Aviamos	Erauámo Venúti.
Aviades	Erauáte Venúti.
Avian	E'rano Venúti.

Futur.	Vendré or Verné,	Veniró or Verró,	Veniam, &c.	I shall or will come, &c.
Vendrás or Vernás,	Venerái or Verrái,
Vendrá or Verná.	Venerá or Verrá.
Vendrémos or Vernémos,	Venirémo or Verrémo
Vendréys or Vernéys,	Veniréte or Verréte,
Vendrán or Vernán.	Veniránno or Verránno.

Imperatiue moode.

Ven tu,	Vien tu,	Veni, Venito, &c.	Come thou, &c.
Vénga aquél.	Vénga colui.
Vengámos,	Veniámo,
Venid,	Venite,
Véngan.	Véngano.

Subiunctiue moode.

	Spanish.	Italian,	Latin.
Pres. Como	Vénga,	Quando	Venga,	Cum	Veniam, &c.	When I do come, &c.
véngas,	venghi,
vénga,	venga,
vengámos,	veniámo,
vengáys,	veniáte,
véngan.	véngano.

Imper Como	Viniéra, vernía, viniésse,	Quando	venissi, venerei, verrei, verria,	Cum	Venirem &c.	When I did come, &c.
viniéras, vernias, viniésses,	venisti, venerésti, verresti,
viniéra, vernia, viniésse,	venisse, venerébbe, verrébbe, verría,
Viniéramos, verníamos, viniéssemos,	venissimo, venirémmo, verémmo,
viniérades, verníades, viniéssedes,	veniste, ven••réste, verréste,
vinié••an, vernían, viniéssen.	veníssero, venirébbono, verrébbono, verriano.

Imper¦fect. Como	áya,	Venído.	Quando	sia, Venuto.	Cum	Venerim &c.	When I haue come, &c.
áyas,	sii & sia, Venuto.
aya,	sia, Venuto.
ayámos,	siámo, Venuti.
ayaýs,	siáte, Venuti.
ayan,	siano, Venuti.

pluper fect, &c. Como	Uviéra, or uviésse,	Venído.	fóssi, sarei, Venuto.	Venissem &c.	When I had come, &c.
uviéras, or uviésses,	fósti, saresti, Venuto.
uviéra, or uviésse,	fósse, sarébbe, Venuto.
uviéramos, or uviéssemos,	fóssimo, sarémmo, Venuti.
uviérades, or uviéssedes,	fóste, saréste, Venuti.
uviéran, or uviéssen,	fóssero, sarébbono, Venuti.

First Futur Como	veniére,		Cum	Venero. &c.	When I shall or will come, &c.
veniéres,
veniére,
veniéremos,
veniéredes,
veniéren.

second Futur Como	Uviére, or avré,	Venído	saró, Venúto.	Cum	Venero, &c.	When I shall or will come, &c.
uviéres, or avrás,	sarai, Venúto.
uviére, or avrá,	sará, Venúto.
uviéremos, or avrémos,	sarémo, Venuti.
uviéredes, or avréys,	saréte, Venuti.
uviéren, or avrán,	saránno, Venuti.

Infinitiue moode Present tense.

Venír,]

Venire,]

Venire,]

To come.

Preterperfect tense.

Sér venido,]

Essere venuto,]

Venisse,]

To haue come.

Futur tense.

Avér or esperár de venir	Douer venire,	Venturum esse,	To come heereafter.
Hauer a venire,
Esser per venire,

Gerund.

Veniéndo,]

Venendo,]

Veniendo,]

In comming.

Participle of the Present and Actiue voice.

El que viéne,]

Venente,]

Veniens,]

One comming.

Participle of the Preter tense and Passiue voice, &c.

Venído,]

Venuto,]

Qui venit,]

Come.

These Verbes following in Ir, thus formed in the Present and Preterperfect Tense.

Infinitiues.	Pres.	Preterp.
Adormír, to fall asleepe,	yo Aduérmo,	Adormí.
Dormír, to sleepe,	yo Duérmo,	Dormí.
Avertír, to marke,	yo Aviérto,	Avertí.
Arrepentír, to repent,	yo Arrepiénto,	Arrepentí.
Cobrír, to recouer,	yo Cébro,	Cobrí.
Concebír, to conceiue,	yo Concíbo,	Concebí.
Cernír, to sift meale,	yo Cigrno,	Cerní.
Consentír, to consent,	yo Consiénto,	Consentí.
Elegír, to choose out,	yo Elijo,	Eligí.
Fingir, to faine,	yo Finjo,	Fingí.
Gemír, to grone,	yo Gimo,	Gemí.
Mentír, to lie,	yo Miénto,	Mentí.
Ungír, to annoint,	yo Unjo,	Ungí.
Salír, to goe foorth,	yo Sálgo,	Salý.
Diferír, to differ,	yo Difiéro,	Diferí.

Imperfect of the Indicat. Difería.

Imperfect of the Subiunct. Difería.

Sofrír, to suffer, yo Sófro, Sofrí.

Imperfect. of the Indicat. Sofría.

Imperfect of the Subiunct. Soffriría.

The Compounds of this verbe Venír, Véngo, are declined in euery respect in all Moodes and Tenses thorow out as it is, as Revenír, to returne, Revéngo, Revíne, &c. Convenír, to agree, to be expedient, yo Convéngo, Convíne. Devenír, to become, yo Devéngo, Devíne. Sobrevenír, to come vpon suddenly, yo Sobrevéngo, Sobrevíne.

Of the third and last coniugation of Verbes Irregular in IR, & YR,* 1.153 as Dezir,] in Italian Dire,] Latin Dicere] to say.

Indicatiue moode.

	Spanish.	Italian,	Latin.
Pres.	Dígo,	Dico,	Dico, &c.	I saie, &c.
dízes,	dici, or di,
díze,	dice,
dezímos,	dicémo,
dezís,	dite,
dízen.	dicono,

Imper	Dezía,	Dicéua,	Dicebam &c.	I did saie, &c.
dezías,	dicéui,
dezía,	dicéua,
Dezíamos,	diceuámo,
dezíades,	diceuáte,
dezían.	dicéuano.

First Perf.	díxe,	dissi,	Dixi, &c.	I haue saide, &c.
dixiste,	dicésti,
dixo,	disse,
dixímos,	dicémmo,
dixistes,	dicéste,
dixéron.	díssero.

second Perf.	hé,	Dícho.	Ho	Détto.	Dixi, &c.	I haue saide, &c.
as,	Hai
a,	Ha
hémos,	Habbiámo
avéys,	Hauéte
án,	Hánno

Plu∣perfect.	avía,	Dícho.	Hauéua	Détto.	Dixe∣ram, &c	I had said, &c.
avías,	Hauéui
avía,	Hauéua
avíamos,	Haueuámo
avíades,	Haueuáte
avían,	Hauéuano

Futur	diré,	diró,	Dicam, &c.	I shall or wil say, &c.
dirás,	dirái,
dirá,	dirá,
dirémos,	dirémo,
diréys,	diréte,
dirán.	dirénno.

Imperatiue moode.

Impe¦ratiue moode.	Di tu,	Di, or dice tu,	Dic, di∣cito, &c.	Saie you, &c.
díga aquel,	dica colui,
digámos,	diceámo,
dezid,	dite,
dígan.	dícano.

Note that you shall finde with good Authors Dezi for Dezíd, in the second person plurall number of the Imperatiue.

Subiunctiue moode.

	Spanish.		Italian.		Latin.
Pres. Como	Díga,	Quando	Díca,	Cum	Dicam, &c.	when I doe saie, &c.
Dígas,	Díci,
Díga,	Díca,
Digámos,	Diciámo,
Digáys,	Diciáte,
Dígan.	Dícano.

Imper¦fect. Como	Dixéra, diría, dixésse,	Quando	Direi, dicéssi, dería,	Cum	Dicerem, &c.	When I did say, &c.
Dixéras, dirías, dixesses,	Dirésti, dicésti,
Dixéra, diría, dixésse,	Dirébbe, dicésse, deria.
Dixéramos, diríamos, dixéssemos,	Dirémmo, dicéssimo,
Dixérades, diríades, dixéssedes,	Diréste, dicéste,
Dixéran, dirían, dixéssen.	Dirébbono, dicéssero, derí∣ano.

		Quando		Cum
Perf. Como	A'ya,	dícho.	Hábbia,	Detto.	Dixerim, &c.	when I haue said, &c.
áyas,	Hábbi,
áya,	Hábbia,
Ayámos,	Habbiámo,
ayáys,	Habbiáte,
áyan,	Habbiano,

			Quando		Cum
Pluper¦fect. Como	uviéra, or uviésse,	dícho.	Hauéssi,	Detto.	Dixissem, &c.	When I had said, &c.
uviéras, or uviésses,	Hauésti,
uviéra, or uviésse,	Hauésse,
uviéramos, or uviéssemos,	Hauéssimo,
uviérades, or uviéssedes,	Hauéste,
uviéran, or uviéssen,	Hauéssino,

First Futur. Como	Dixére,		Cum	Dixero, &c.	when I shall or will say, &c.
Dixéres,
Dixére,
Dixéremos,
Dixéredes,
Dixéren.

			Quando		Cum
second Futur. Como	uviére, or avré,	dícho.	Haueró,	Detto.	Dixero, &c.	When I shall or will say, &c.
uviéres, or avras,	Hauerái,
uviére, or avrá,	Hauerá,
uviéremos, or avrémos,	Hauerémo,
uviéredes, or avréys,	Haueréte,
uviéren, or avrán,	Haueránno,

Infinitiue moode Present tense.

DEZIR,]

Dire,]

Dicere,]

to say, to tell.

Preterperfect tense.

Avér Dícho,]

hauer Detto,]

Dixisse,]

to haue said or told.

Future tense.

Avér de Dezir,	Douer dire,	Dicturum esse,]	to say hereafter.
Esser per dire,
Hauer a dire,

Gerunds.

Deziéndo,]

Dicendo,]

Dicendo,]

In saying.

Participle of the Present tense and Actiue voice.

El que Dize,]

Dicente,]

Dicens,]

one telling or saying.

Participle of the Preter tense and passiue voice.

Dícho,]

Detto,]

Dictus,]

tould, said, spoken.

Participle of the Future tense.

El que ha or Espera de Dezir,	Douendo dire	Dicturus,]	about to say hereafter.
Hauendo a dire,
Essendo per dire,

The Compounds of this verbe Dezír, Digo, in all points thorow all Moodes and Tenses declined like the Simple, as

Infinitiues.	Pres.	Preterp.
Biendezír, to blesse,	yo Biendigo,	Biendixe.
Maldezír, to curse,	yo Maldígo,	Maldixe.
In like sort these following thus,
Conduzir, to conduct,	yo Condulgo,	Condúxe.
Introduzir, to bring in,	yo Introdusgo,	Introdúxe.
Induzir, to induce,	yo Indusgo,	Indúxe.
Traduzir, to translate,	yo Tradusgo,	Tradúxe.
Produzir, to produce,	yo Produzgo,	Prodúxe.
Salir, to goe forth,	yo Salgo,	Salí.
Regir, to gouerne,	yo Rijo,	Regí.

After the maner of Dezir, is this verbe Salír, to go out or make a sallie, declined, as in the Present tense of the Indicatiue moode yo Sálgo, I go out, tu Sáles, thou goest out, &c. Preter∣imperfect yo Salia, &c. First Preterperfect, Sali. Second Preterperfect, he Salido, &c. Pluperfect. avia Salido. Future, yo Saldré. Imperatiue Sal tu, goe thou out, Sálga aquél, let him goe out, &c. Subiunctiue Present tense, yo Sálga, tu Sálgas, &c. Preterimperfect. Saliéra, Saldria, Saliésse, &c. Preterperfect. aya Salido. Pluperfect. uviéra Salído. Future Saliére. Infinitiue Salir. Gerund Sa∣liéndo. Participle Salido.

So Seguir to follow, yo Sígo, Siguía, Sigui. He Seguído, avía Seguído, Seguiré. Imperatiue Sigue tu follow thou, Siga aquél let him follow, Sigámos let vs follow, Seguíd follow yee, Sigan let them follow. Subiunctiue Present, Como yo Siga. Imperfect. Siguiéra, Seguiría, Siguiésse. Pre∣terperfect. áya Seguído. Pluperfect. uviésse Seguído. Future Seguiére, &c. Infinitiue Seguír, Par∣ticiple Seguido. So in all points is Conseguir to obtaine, declined.

Sumir, to drench or ouerwhelme, differing from Sumár, to sum vp, thus. In the Present of the Indicatiue all one yo Súmo, Imperfect yo Sumía, I did drench, yo Sumáva, I did summe vp. First Perfect, yo Sumí, I haue drencht, tu Sumíste, aquél Sumió, yo Sumé, I haue summed vp, tu Sumáste, thou hast summed vp, aquél Sumó, he hath summed vp, &c.

Of the third and last Coniugation of Verbes Irregular in IR or YR, as YR, in Italian Ire or Audare, in Latin Ire, to Goe.

Indicatiue moode.

	Spanish.	Italian.	Latin.
Pres.	VOY,	VO & VADO,	Eo,	I goe, thou goest, &c.
Vás,	Vái,	is, &c.
Vá,	Vá,
Vámos,	Andiámo,
Váys,	Andáte,
Ván.	Vánno.

Imper¦fect.	Y'va,	Andáua,	Ibam, &c.	I did goe, &c.
ývas,	Andáui,
ýva,	Andáua,
ývamos,	Andauámo,
ývades,	Andauáte,
ývan.	Andáuano.

First Perfec	Fuý,	Andái,	Iui, &c.	I went, &c.
Fuiste,	Andásti,
Fué,	Andó,
Fuímos,	Andámmo,
Fuistes,	Andáste,
Fuéron.	Andárano,

second perfect.	He,	Y'do.	Sono, Andato.	Iui, &c.	I haue gone, &c.
as	Sei, Andato.
a.	é, Andato.
Hémos,	Siámo, Andati.
avéys,	Sete, Andati.
an,	Sono, Andati.

pluper¦fect.	Avía,	Y'do.	Era, Andato.	Iueram, &c.	I had gone, &c.
Avía,	Eri, Andato.
Avía,	Era, Andato.
Aviámos,	Erauámo, Andati.
Aviades,	Erauáte, Andati.
Avían,	Érano, Andati.

Futur	Yré,	Anderó, & Andró,	Ibo, &c.	I shall or will go, &c.
Yrás,	Anderai, or Andrái,
Yrá,	Anderá, or Andrá,
Yrémos,	Anderémo, or Andrémo,
Yréys,	Anderéte, or Andréte,
Yrán.	Anderánno, or Andránno.

Imperatiue moode.

Va, & Ve,	Vá,
Váya,	Váda, Vadi,
Vámos,	Andiámo,
ýd,	Andáte,
Váyan.	Vádano, & Vádino.

Vete, Vete, Get thee hence, Get thee hence.

With Authors this Verbe is sometime written with Y, sometimes with I.

Subiunctiue moode.

	Spanish.		Italian.		Latin.
Pres. Como	Váya,	Quando	Vada,	Cum	Eam, &c.	When I doe goe, &c.
Váyas,	Vada & Vadi,
Váya.	Vada & Vadi.
Vámos,	Andiámo,
Váys,	Andiáte,
Váyan.	Vádano & Vádino.
Imper¦fect. Como	Fuéra, Yría, fuésse,	Quando	Andassi, Anderéi, Andería,	Cum	Irem, &c.	When I did goe, &c.
Fuéras, yrías, fuésses,	Andássi, Anderésti,
Fuéra, yría, fuésse.	Andásse, Anderébbe, Andería.
Fuéramos, yríamos, fuéssemos,	Andássimo, Anderémmo,
Fuérades, yríades, fuéssedes,	Andaste, Anderéste,
Fuéran, yrían, fuéssen.	Andássero, Anderébbono, Anderíano.

Perf. Como	áya,	Y'do.	Quando	Sia Andato.	Cum	Iuerim, &c.	When I haue gone, &c.
áyas,	Sij Andato.
áya,	Sia Andato.
áyamos,	Siámo Andati.
ayáys,	Siate Andati.
áyan,	Siano Andati.

			Quando
Plu∣perfect. Como	uviéra, or uviésse,	Y'do.	Fóssi, sarei Andato.	Cum	Iuissem, &c.	When I had gone, &c.
uviéras, or uviésses,	Fossi, sarésti Andato.
uviéra, or uviésse,	Fosse, sarébbe Andato.
uviéramos, or uviéssemos	Fóssimo, sarémmo Andati.
uviérades, or uviéssedes,	Fóste, saréste Andati.
uviéran, or uviéssen,	Fóssero, sarébbono Andati.

			Cum
First future. Como	Fuere,		Iuero, &c.	When I shall or will be, &c.
Fuéres,
Fuére,
Fuéremos,
Fuéredes,
Fuéren.

			Quando
second Futur. Como	uviére, or avré	Y'do.	Saró Andato.	Cum	Iuero, &.	When I shall or wil go, &c.
uviéres, or avrás,	Sarái Andato.
uviére, or avrá,	Sará Andato.
uviéremos, or avrémos,	Sarémo Andati.
uviéredes, or avréys,	Saréte Andati.
uviéren, or avrán,	Saránno Andati.

Infinitiue moode Present tense.

Y'R,]

Andare, ire,]

Ire,]

to Goe.

Preterperfect tense.

Aver ýdo,]

Hauer andato,]

Iuisse,]

to haue Gone.

Future tense.

Aver de ýr,	Douer Andare,	Iturum esse,]	to Goe hereafter.
Hauer ad Andare,
Esser per Andare,

Gerund.

Yéndo,]

Andando,]

Eundo,]

In Going.

Supines.

Yr,]

Andare,]

Itum,]

to Goe.

De ser y do,]

Esser Andato,]

Itu,]

to be Gone.

Participle of the Present tense and Actiue voice.

El que va,]

Andante,]

Euns,]

one Going.

Participle of the Preter tense and Passiue voice.

Y'do,]

Andato,]

Gone.

Of Verbes Impersonals.

THe Spanish as the French and Italian Impersonals are of the manner of the Latines, which want the first and second person, and are declined onely in the third person thorow out all Moodes and Tenses, as

Indicatiue moode.

Present.	Ay,		There is.
Imperfect.	Avía,		There was.
1 Perfect.	úyo,		There was.
2 Perfect.	á, Avído,	There hath beene.
Pluperfect.	avía, Avído,	There had beene.
Future.	Avrá.		There shall be, &c.
Imperat.	A'ya,		Let there be.

Subiunctiue moode.

Present.	Aya,	When there is.
Imperf.	uviéra, avría, uviésse,	When there is.
Perfect.	aya Avído,	When there hath beene.
Pluperfect.	uviéra or uviésse Avído,	When there had beene.
Future.	uviére or Avra Avído.	When there shall be.

Note that the Spanyard almost continually vseth this Impersonall Ay as the French their Il y ya, in English There is, as by obseruing you shall most vsually finde, as also this thirde person Comple thus declined, of Complir the Infinitiue.

Indicatiue moode.

Present.	Cómple,	Decet, Oportet,	It beseemeth or behooueth.
Imperfect.	Complía,	Decebat, Oportebat,	It did beseeme.
1 Perfect.	Complió,	Decuit, Oportuit,	It hath beseemed, &c.
2 Perfect.	a Complído,	Decuit, Oportuit.
Pluperfect.	Avia Complido,	Decuerat, Oportuerat.
Future.	Complirá,	Decebit, Opòrtebit.

And so thorow the third person of the rest.

Indicatiue moode.

Present.	E's,	There is.
Imperfect.	éra,	There was.
1 Perfect.	fue,	There hath beene.
2 Perfect.	avía Sido,	There hath beene.
Pluperf.	avía Sido,	There had beene.
Future.	Será,	There shall be, &c.

And so decline forward, as in the Subiunctiue moode of the verbe Ser, Soy afore going in the third person onely.

Indicatiue moode.

Present.	Es menestér,	Oportet,	It behooueth.
Imperf.	era menestér,	Oportebat,	It did behooue.
1 Perfect.	fue menestér,	Oportuit,	It hath behooued.
2 Perfect.	a sido menestér,	Oportuit,	It hath behooued.
Pluperf.	avia sido menester,	Oportuerat,	It had behooued.
Future.	avra menestér,	Oportebit,	It will behooue.

And so thorow the rest, &c.

This verbe Impersonall Plazér declined.

Indicatiue moode.

Present.	Pláze,	It pleaseth.
Imperf.	Plazía,	It did please.
1 Perfect.	Plúgo,	It hath pleased.
2 Perfect.	a Plazido,	It hath pleased.
Pluperf.	avia Plazido,	It had pleased.
Future.	Plazerá,	It will please.
Imper.	Pléga,	Let it please.

Subiunctiue moode.

Present.	Pléga,	When it doth please.
Imperf.	Pluguiéra, Pluguiésse,	When it did please.
Perfect.	áya Plazido,	When it hath pleased.
Pluperf.	uviéra Plazído,	When it had pleased.
Future.	Pluguiére,	When it will please.

To forme an Impersonal of the Passiue voice, you must take this particle Se, and the third person of any verbe thus: which particle so added makes a verbe Impersonall Passiue, as

Pres. Se Dize,	Si dice or dicesi,	Dicitur,	It is said or spoken,
Imper. Se Dezia,	Si dicéua or dicéuasi, &c.	Dicebatur, &c.	It was said or spoken &c.
1 Perfect Se Dixo,
2 Perfect Se a Dicho,
Plupe. S'avia Dicho,
Futur. Se Dirá.

Of Participles.

* 1.154IN Spanish Participles of the present tense and actiue signification are made of the thirde person present tense of the Indicatiue moode of the same Verbe, putting before it the Relatiue, El que, as El que Revéla, reuealing, Latin Reuelans: El que Entiénde, vnderstanding, in Latin Intelligens: El que oye, hearing, in Latin Audiens.

* 1.155Participles of the Preter tense and passiue signification end in ádo, ído, or ydo, which in the first coniugation are formed of the thirde person of the Present tense of the Indicatiue moode, by adding to do, as, Revela, reveládo: Ama, amádo: Castiga, castigádo: and in the seconde and thirde coniugation of the same Present tense, by chaunging e, into ído, and ydo, as Entiende, entendido: Lée, Leýdo: Crée, creýdo: Pide, pedido.

But for the Irregular (according to the nature of the worde) without rule, as Factus, fecho, made, Dictus, Dícho, saide, spoken.

* 1.156The Future tense with this Verbe Ha, or Espéra, and the Infinitiue of the Verbe, as El que ha or Espera de revelár, Entendér, or, oyr: Reuelaturus, Intellecturus, Auditurus, about to reueale, about to vnderstande, about to heare.

Participle of Present tense and actiue signification.

* 1.157El que revéla, entiénde, óye, Latin, Reuelans, Intelligens, Audiens, Reuealing, vnderstanding, hearing.

Participle of the Preter tense and passiue signification.

* 1.158Reveládo, Entendído, oýdo, Latin Reuelatus, Intellectus, Auditus, Reuealed, vn∣derstood, heard.

Participle of the Future tense.

* 1.159El que ha or espéra de Revelár, Entendér, oýr, Latin Reuelaturus, Intellecturus, Audi∣turus, to reueale heereafter, to vnderstand hereafter, to heare heereafter.

Of Aduerbes.

I Haue handled before the fower parts of speech declined. Now come we to the other fower vndeclined, called Indeclinable, beginning first with the Aduerbes, whereof some in the Spanish toong are formed of Nownes of the Feminine gen∣der in a,* 1.160 as are almost all the Aduerbes of Qualitie, as Alta, high; Altaménte, highlie; Graciosa, graciosaménte, graciouslie; Luenga, luengaménte; in Latin Diu, long: which manner of forming the Italian likewise obserueth, as Gratiosamente, Longamente, Sauiamente, so doth the French, making the worde to ende in Ment, as Gratieusement, Longuement, Saggement. Wherefore I thinke good to set downe the Aduerbes following and the rest: first, the Spanish, then Italian, after French, next Latin, and last English: euerie one separated one from another with this crooked line thus,] Aduerbes some be

• ...of Qualitie.
  • Fielménte,] Fidelmente,] Fidelement,] Fideliter,] Faithfully.
  • Buénamente, or bien] Bene,] Bien,] Bene,] Well.
  • Malaménte, or mal,] Male,] Mauaisement,] Male,] Ill.
  • De buéna gana] Di buona voglia, Volontieri volontieremente, Volutiers, de bon cueur,] Libenter] Willingly.
• ...of Quanti∣tie.
  • Mucho,] Molto,] Beaucoup,] Multum vel Multo] Much.
  • Poco,] Poco,] Peu,] Parum vel Paululum,] Little.
  • Múcho mas,] Via piu,] Beaucoup plus,] Multo magis,] Much more.
  • Mas,] Piu,] Plus,] Magis,] More.
  • Por de mas,] Troppo,] Trop,] Nimis] to Much.
  • Demasiádo,] Troppo] Trop,] Nimis,] to Much.
• ...of Time.
  • Oy,] Hóggi,] Auiourd'huy,] Hodie,] To daie.
  • Ayér,] Heri ieri,] Hier,] Heri,] Yesterdaie.
  • Mañána,] Domani,] Demain,] Cras,] To morrowe.
  • Antiér,] Antieri,] Deuant hier,] Pridie,] The other day.
  • El dia siguíente,] Il seguente giorno,] Le lendemain,] Postridie,] The next daie after to morrowe.
  • Mucho ha,] Molto fa,] Deja long temps,] Iamdiu,] Long since.
  • Poco ha,] Poco fa,] Nagueres,] Iamdudem,] A little since.
  • Agóra,] or, ora,] acest heure,] Iamiam,] Euen now.
  • Antes] Inanzi,] Deuant,] Ante] Before.
  • Luégo,] Presto, Tosto,] Soudainement,] Illico, statim,] Foorthwith, by and by.
  • Núnca,] Giamai,] Iamais,] Nunquam,] Neuer.
  • Quando,] Quando,] Quand,] Quando,] When.
  • Siémpre,] Sempre] Tousjours,] Semper,] Alwaies.
  • Entónces,] Al hora,] Donques,] Tunc,] Then.
  • Miéntras,] Mentre] Cependant,] Interim,] In the meane while.
  • Súbito,] Subito,] Sodainement,] Subito,] Sodainly.
  • Muchas vezes,] Molte volte, Molte fiate,] Fort souent,] Saepe] Verie often.
  • Pocas vezés,] Rade volte,] Peu souent,] Raro,] Seldome.
  • Algunas vezes,] Qual che volte, Qual che fiate, Quelquefois,] Aliquando,] Somtimes.
• ...of Place.
  • A QVI',] Qui, quia, ci,] Icy,] Hîc, huc,] Heere.
  • Aý, alli, alla,] Iui, la, cola, quiui,] La, audela,] Illic,] There.
  • A Donde,] Doue, oue,] Ou,] Vbi, quo,] whither, where.
  • De Donde,] Onde, donde,] Dont, d'ou,] Vnde,] from whence.
  • Acá,] Di qua,] Par icy,] Hac,] this way.
  • Acullá,] Cola per costa,] Par dela,] Istac istuc,] that way.
  • De aquí,] De qui, Quinci,] D'icy,] Hinc,] from hence.
  • De allí, de allá,] Indi, di la, Quindi,] Dela,] Illinc,] from hence.
  • Dentro,] Dentro, entro,] Dedans,] Intus,] within.
  • Fuéra,] Fuori, di fuori,] Hors, de hors,] Foris, foras,] without.
  • Delánte,] Inanzi,] Deuant,] Ante,] Before.
  • Atrás,] Dietro,] Derrier,] Post,] Behinde.
  • A parte,] De banda,] al'escart,] Separatim, scorsum,] aside, a part, by it selfe.
  • Arríba,] Sopra, disopra, In su, suso,] Enhaut,] Sursum,] Aboue.
  • Abáxo,] In giu, giuso, sotto, di sotto,] En bas,] Deorsum,] Beneath.
  • Cerca,] Intorno, dattorno,] Enuiron,] Circiter,] About, nigh vnto, almost.
  • Cábe, Iunto,] Apresso, dauicino,] Prest, aupres,] Prope,] Neere vnto.
  • Léxos,] Lontano, di lunghi,] Loin,] Procul,] Far off.
  • Encíma,] Su, sopra,] Sur, dessus,] Super,] Vpon.
  • So,] Sotto, disotto,] Dessoubs,] Subter,] Vnder.
• ...of Affirming
  • SI, as Si Senor,] Si, as Signore Si,] Ouy, as ouy Mounsieur,] Ita, ita Domine, Yea, yea sir.
  • Ciérto, ciertaménte,] Certo, certamente,] Certes,] Certè, certò,] Truely.
  • En verdád, verdaderaménte,] In verita, di vero, in vero,] Vrayement, en verite, certaine∣ment,] Verè,] Truely, in truth, verily.
  • Tambien,] Si bene, etiandio, ancor, anche,] Si bien, ainsi, aussi,] Etiam, quoque,] as∣well.
  • Antes,] Piu tosto,] Plustost,] Potius,] Rather.
• ...

• ...of Denying
  • NO,] Non, no, ne,] Non, neny, pas, point,] Non, haud, minime,] Not.
  • Náda, No nada,] Niente, nulla,] Rien,] Nihil,] Nothing, nothing at all.
  • Ni, Tam poco,] Ne,] Ni, ne,] Neque,] Neither.
• ...of numbring
  • VNAVEZ,] Vna bolta, Vna fiata,] Vne fois,] Semel,] Once.
  • Dos vezes,] Due volte, Due fiate,] Deuxfois,] Bis,] Twise.
  • Tres vezes,] Tre volte, tre fiate,] Troifois,] Ter,] Chrise, &c. as in the Pronoune before of Numbers.
  • Muchas vezes,] Spesso volte, molte fiate,] Beaucoup de fois,] Saepe,] Oftentimes.
  • Pocas vézes,] Rade volte,] Rarement,] Raro,] Seldome.
• ...of Shewing
  • HEAQVI,] Ecco,] Voicy, voila,] Ecce,] Behold.
• ...of Encou∣raging.
  • EA, EA Pues,] Su, corrággio,] Sus, courage,] Age, perge,] Goe to then.
• ...of encreasing
  • MAS,] Piu,] Plus,] Plus,] More.
  • Mucho mas,] Molto Piu, molto assai,] Beacoup plus,] Multo magis,] Much more.
  • De masiádo,] Troppo, di souerchio,] Trop,] Nimium,] Too much.
• ...of Demini∣shing.
  • ME'NOS,] Meno,] Moins,] Paulo minus,] Lesse.
  • Poco a Poco,] Poco, a Poco,] Peu a Peu,] Paulatim,] By little and little.
  • Passo,] Pian, piano,] Tout bellement, Petit a petit,] Sensim,] Soft and faire.
• ...of wishing.
  • OXALA,] O Dio vaglia, Dio volesse,] Pleust a Dieu,] Vtinam,] would to God, I pray God.
  • O Si,] O se, O si,] Pleust a Dieu que,] Vtinam,] would to God, I pray God.
• ...of Asking.
  • PORQVE?] Perche?] Pourquoy?] Quare?] Why? Wherefore?
  • Que?] Che?] Quoy?] Quid?] What?
  • Donde?] Oue?] Ou,] Vbi, quo,] Where.
  • Adonde,] Doue,] Ou,] Quo,] Whether.
  • De Donde,] Onde,] D'ou, dont,] Vnde,] From whence.
  • Quando?] Quando?] Quand?] Quando?] When.
• ...of doubting.
  • QVIçA',] Forse, a caso,] Fortuitement,] Fortassis,] Perhaps.
  • Porventura,] Perauentura,] Parauenture,] Fortasse,] Peraduenture, Perhaps.
• ...of Order.
  • DESPVE'S,] Poi, dipoi, Dapoi, doppo,] A pres, depuis,] Post,] After.
  • Allénde de ésto,] Oltra a cio, oltra a questo,] Ontre ce, d'aduantage,] Praeterea,] Fur∣thermore.
  • Finalménte,] Alla fine,] En fin, Finablement,] Tandem,] At length.
• ...of Likenes.
  • CO'MO,] Comme,] Comme,] Sicut, velut,] As.
  • Assi,] Cosi,] Ainsi,] Ita, sic,] So.
• ...of Chance.
  • A CASO, Por dicho,] A caso,] Fortuitement,] Fortuito,] By chance, by hap.
• ...of Compa∣rison.
  • MAS,] Piu,] Plus,] Plus,] More.
  • Ménos,] Meno,] Moins,] Minus,] Lesse.
  • Mucho mas,] Vta piu, Assai piu,] Beaucoup, d'auantage,] Multo magis,] Much more.
  • Mucho ménos,] Molto meno,] Beaucoup moins,] Multo minus,] Much lesse.
  • Mejór,] Megliore,] Mellieur,] Melius,] Better.
  • Peór,] Peggiore,] Pis,] Peior,] worse.
  • Todo del mundo,] Piu del mondo,] Tout le mond,] Maximé,] Chifely.
• ...Gathering togither.
  • IV'NTO, Iuntaménte,] Insieme,] Ensemble,] Simul,] Togither.
• ...Seuering.
  • A PARTE,] Seperatamente,] Al'escart,] Seperatim, seorsim,] A sunder
• ...Chosing
  • MAS Aýna,] Piu tosto,] Plustost,] Potius,] Rather.
  • Mucho mas,] Molto meglio,] Beaucoup mieux,] Potius,] much Rather.
• ...Contrariety
  • TODA véz,] Tutta via,] Toutefois,] Tamen,] Notwithstanding.
  • Aúnque,] Come, che, Etiandio che, Anchor che,] Encore,] Etiamsi,] Although.
• ...

• ...withdra∣wing.
  • ALOMénos,] Alméno, almánco,] Au moins,] At the least.
  • Sólo,] Solo,] Seul,] Solúm,] Onely.
  • Porque,] Pur, accioche, che,] Pourceque,] Propterea,] For that.

Of a Coniunction.

A Coniunction is that which knitteth and ioineth parts of speech togither, and is with the Spaniard almost in the same manner as the Latin, sauing they haue not so many, but yet some are

• of coupling as
  • Y, and E,] e,] et] et, And.
  • Como,] Comme] Comme,] Vt,] As.
  • Tambien,] Ancor, Ancho, Etiandio,] Si bien, ainsi, aussi,] Etìam, Quoque,] Also.

* 1.161Note that E properly is not a Spanish Coniunction, but onely vsed for the Y, when the worde following beginneth with a Y, bicause two Y Y, shoulde not come togither, La ley e la Justicia, and not la ley y la Justicia, but otherwise alwaies vse Y.

• of Disioyn∣ing.
  • Ni] Ne,] Ne,] Nec, Neque,] Neither.
  • O,] O, ouero,] Ou,] Aut, Ve, Vel, Seu, Siue] Either.
• of Causing.
  • PORQVE,] Accioche, Percioche,] Pourceque] Propterea quod,] For that, wherfore.
• of Conditio∣ning.
  • SI,] Se,] Si,] Si,] If.
  • Dado que,] Se cosi,] Si aussi,] Si ita,] If so.
• of Excep∣ting.
  • SINO,] Se non] Si non,] Nis••,] Except, if not.
  • Mas,] Ma,] Mais,] Quin,] But.
  • Otraménte,] Altramente,] Autrement,] Alioquin,] Otherwise.
• of Dimini∣shing.
  • ALOMENOS,] Alméno, Almanco,] Au moins,] Saltem,] At least.
  • AVNQVE,] Ancorche, Quantunche, Benche, Etiandio, Encore,] Etsi quamquam, Quamuis, Although.
  • TODA via,] Tutta via, Tutta volta, Nondimeno, Nondimanco, Nientideméno, Toutefois,] Tamen, esto,] Notwithstan∣ding.

A Preposition.

* 1.162THe Spanish hath the same vse of Prepositions as the Latins haue, some∣times by composition with another worde, as Bolvér, to turne; Rebolvér, to ouerturne: Hazér, to do, Rehazér, to renewe, &c. Sometime by apposition (as the Latins doe) by putting the Preposition before the Noune, as Ala corte, to the court: Por el Rey, for the king: En la yglésia, in the church.

* 1.163Note that this Preposition De, or Des, alwaies makes the worde that it is ioyned with, of a quite contrary signification, as Hazér, to do: Deshazér, to vndoe: Atár, to tie or bind: Desatar, to vntíe: Cansado, wearie: Descansado, resting: Dicha, happines: Desdicha, vnhappines, misfortune: And so in the French, Faire, to do: Desfaire, to vndo: Lier, to binde, Deslier, to vnbinde, &c. Prepositions of the Spanish thus,

• A,] A,] Ad,] Ad,] To, as A fe, a la fe,] A fede, A fe,] Par ma foy,] Per fidem,] By my troth.
• De,] Di, de da,] De, du,] De,] Of or from, as De la corte,] De la corte,] Du palais,] From the court.
• Para,] Per,] Pour,] Propter,] For. as Para mi,] Per me,] Pour moy,] Propter me.] For me.
• Por,] Per,] Par,] Per,] For, by or thorow. as Por mi vida,] Por mia vita,] Par ma vie,] Per vitam,] By my life.
• ...

• Contra,] Contra, Incontra,] Contre] Contra,] Against.
• Contra el estado,] Contra il stato,] Contre l'estat,] Contra statum, Against the estate.
• CABE] Presso, Appresso,] Prest, aupres,] Prope,] Neere. as Cabe la ciudád] Appresso la citta,] Apres de la citte,] Prope vrbem,] Neere the citie.
• FRONTERO,] Rimpetto, Dirimpetto, Vis a vis,] E regione,] Ouer against.
• HASTA,] Fino, Sino, Infino, Insino, Iusques,] Vsque,] Vntill.
• HA'ZIA,] Ver, verso,] Enuers,] Versus,] Towards.
• SOBRE,] Sopra, Disopra, In su, Sur, Sus, Super,] Vpon.
• ENCI'MA,] In il pu alto] En la somette,] In vertice,] Vpon the top.
• SO,] Sotto, disotto, Giu,] De soubs,] Subter,] Vnder.
• ENTRE,] Fra, Infra,] Entre,] Inter,] Betweene.
• ATRAS,] Dietro,] Derrier,] Pone,] Behinde.
• ADELANTE,] Dinanzi, Inanzi,] Deuant,] Ante,] Before.
• Cerca, A cerca,] Circa, Intorno, Attorno,] Enuiron,] Circum, Circa,] About.
• Fuera,] Fuori,] Hors, dehors,] Foris, Foras,] Without dores.
• Dentro,] Dentro,] Dans, dedans,] Intus,] Within.
• Con,] Con,] Auec,] Cum,] With.
• Sin,] Senza,] Sans,] Sine,] Without.
• Desde,] From or since, as Desde la muerte, &c. From, or since the death, &c.

These following are vsed with the Preposition De, with them, as

• A quende de la casa,] Di qua de la casa,] Par deçá de la maison,] Ex hac parte domus,] On this side the house.
• Allende,] Di la,] Par de la,] Ex altera parte,] On the other side.
• Al deredór, or Entorno,] Intorno, Attorno,] Enuiron,] Circum, Circa,] About.

Of an Interiection.

AN Interiection declareth a sudden passion of the minde. The Spaniards vse not so often Interiections or sudden passions of the minde; neither in their speech nor writing, as doth the French, or Italian, and yet they haue these follo∣wing:* 1.164 Some be of

• O Bueno,] Oh bene,] He bien, he dea,] Euax, vah,] O well.
• Hi, hi, hi, or Ha, ha, ha.] Ah, ah,] Ah, eh,] Ha, ha, he,] Ha, ha, he.
• * 1.165O Iesus, or Vala me Dios, O vh, vh,] Oh, oh,] Pape,] O Iesus good Lord helpe me.
• * 1.166AY, ay,] Aih, ah, ahime,] Las, ol••s, helas, ach,] Heu, hei,] Alas, out alas.

Of Syntaxis.

* 1.167SYntaxis is a due coupling togither of Speech according to the right Rules of Grammar, which the best Authors, both Ancient and Moderne haue still vsed in writing and speaking.

Syntaxis, of the Greeke word 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, which is Con, and 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, ordino, quasi, coordinatio, which is construction or agreement.

But for that the Spanish (as the Italian and French) being deriued from the Latin (as before said, and still keepeth as great affinitie as siluer and tinne, both proceeding (as Alchimistes saie) from Quicksiluer, or as no one can gainsay from the mother earth, or as a different Plant grafted on a strange stocke or tree: It must necessarily be ordered by many Rules of the Latin, which here to repeate were lost labour and in vaine, as hath seemed to the most part of all those learned, that of any these vulgar languages haue written: Finishing their Grammars at the ende of the eight parts of speech and leauing this quite out: which order I haue obser∣ued, referring the Latin Reader to the Rules of the Latin Syntaxis for this part of Grammar, and other to due obseruation in reading good Authors: wishing in∣crease to both, to their owne contents, and my selfe hereby to haue furthered both, to mine owne chiefe desire.

FINIS.

I Haue for the Learners vse desirous of the tongue, read ouer diuers Authors, ga∣thering out of them the hard phrases and manner of speech, the vncouth sayings, together with some prouerbes, as they fall in their places (which are the difficul∣tie of the tongue) and explained them in English, commonly setting downe first the English word for word as the Spanish is, then this i. for Latin, id est, that is to say, for the sense and meaning, then the line and the leafe of the booke, that by these the Learner may the better iudge of their like when he meeteth with them. For the leafe I set downe fol. and a. signifieth the first side of the leafe, and b. the second, lin. signifi∣eth what line, and the figure after fol. telleth the leafe, and lin. what line it is. If you finde pag. it is to finde what page of the booke. If you see 1. part. it is for the first vo∣lume or part of the booke, and 2. part. for the second, &c.

Words, Phrases, Sentences and Prouerbes out of DIANA of Monte Mayor in 16. printed at Antwerpe 1580.

Los de mas. fol. 3. b. lin. 14. The rest.

Las hóras que se sobrávan. fol. 4. b. lin. 2. The howers which remained, or The rest of the howers.

Tomándo a vézes. fol. 4. b. lin. 6. Taking by fits or turnes.

Passár por el piensamiénto. fol. 4. b. lin. 14. and 7. a. lin. 25. and 26. b. 8. To enter into the minde or thought.

Tam póco le dáva péna. fol. 4. b. lin. 17. Neither did it grieue or trouble him.

A vuestro sálvo. fol. 6. b. lin. 17. Your selfe being safe, or without your owne danger.

Como los uviste a las mános? fol. 10. b. lin. 5. How came they to your hands? or how came you by them?

Por tu vída. fol. 10. b. lin. 21. By thy life, i. I pray thee hartily.

Tomár de córo. fol. 10. b. lin. 23. To take by quire, i. To haue by memorie, hart, or with out booke.

Favorescér me a mi. fol. 11. b. lin. 5. and Me moviéra a mi. fol. 2. a. lin. 8. To fauour me and did moue me. Here the Spanish vseth two accusatiue cases after the verbe, both of the person: and not as the Latin, one of the person and another of the thing.

Despues que te fuíste. fol. 11. b. lin. 21. After thou wentest.

Yo fuý, tu tu••ste, aquél fué, nos fuýmos, fuýstes, fuéron. I went, thou wentest, he went, we went, ye went, they went. This Fuy, fuýste, commeth of the Infinitiue moode ýr, to goe, and the very same Fuy, fuíste, fue, &c. commeth of the Infinitiue moode Sér, to be: but looke backe in the Grammar and compare the two verbes together.

De ay a un póco. fol. 11. b. lin. 28. A prettie while after.

Que es del? fol. 12. a. lin. 20. Where is he? what is become of him?

Quando se póne el Sol. fol. 13. a. lin. 8. When the sunne sets.

Fuéra de mi, fuéra de ti, fuéra de si. fol. 13. b. lin. 14. Besides my selfe, besides thy selfe, besides himselfe, or Out of my wit, out of thy wit, out of his wit.

Tén púnto. fol. 13. b. lin. 24. Stay, hold, stop, Giue me leaue a little.

Le va bien, le va mal. fol. 15, a. lin. 7. It goes well with him, it goes ill with him. He is well, he is ill.

Múcho a. A good while since.

Mucho avía, mucho úvo, mucho avrá. fol. 17. a. lin. 4. It was a good while agoe, it hath been a good while since, it shall or will be long agoe.

Póco ha or Póco fa. A little while agoe, or a little since.

Poco avía, Poco úvo, Poco avrá. It was a little since, it shall or will be but a little while agoe.

Muchos dias acá, Pocos dias acá. fol. 17. a. lin. 7. Many daies since, a few daies since.

Mucho tiempo há, Poco tiempo há. A good while agoe, a little while agoe.

Grandes dias há, Pocos dias há. A great while agoe, a few daies past.

Cosa en la vida. fol. 17. a. lin. 12. Any thing in the world.

Hazér cáso. fol. 17. b. lin. 21. To esteeme of, to make matter of.

Muchos ay, or Ay muchos. fol. 20. a. lin. 6. There are many.

Que os téngo dicho. fol. 20. a. lin. 29. Which I haue told you.

Quíso mi ventura. pag. 21. a. lin. 11. My fortune would haue it so.

Que de oro no les llevára ventája. fol. 21. a. lin. 20. verbatim. That the vantage of golde did not

carrie it away from them. i. Gold did not exceede them in brightnes.

Y•• a l•• m••••••o ••ag. 21. b. lin. 28. verbatim. To goe to ones hand. i. To stop, to stay, to let or to hin∣der one from doing any thing.

Desdichado de mi. fol. 22. b. lin. 6. verbatim. Wretched of me. i. wretch that I am, vnhappie crea∣ture I, woe is me, wretch that I am.

No te haze mucho al cáso. fol. 22 b. lin. 11. It makes not much matter to thee, it concernes thee not much.

De véras. fol. 22. b. lin 20. In earnest.

De bu••las fol. 22. b. lin. 20. In test.

Toda via. fol. 23. a. lin. 2. Notwithstanding.

Hazér de industria. fol. 23. a lin. 22. To doe of set purpose.

Pl••gue a Dios fol. 23. b. lin. 5. I would to God.

De ••y a ocho dias. fol. 24 b. lin. 6. Eight daies hence.

No ••y cosa en la vida. fol. 25. a. lin. 14. There is nothing in the world.

Assi p••so per óbra. fol. 26. b. lin. 11. So he did put it in practise.

Vaya•• so••piros a cuéntos. fol. 10. a. lin. 21. Let sighes goe by millions.

Y quié••a Dios que, &c. fol. 40 b. lin. 4. And would to God that, &c.

Ambos a dos fol. 46. b. lin. 5. Both.

Fuéra de si. fol. 47. b. lin. 14. Besides himselfe, out of his wits.

Venir a las mános. fol. 47. b. lin. 16. to come to blowes or fight.

Como en ello les fuera la vida. fol. 48. a. lin. 11. As if thereon his life lay.

A bueltas della. fol. 48. b. lin. 13. Togither therewith.

Mal••ya a aquel. fol. 49. a. lin. 13. Woe be vnto him.

Poner el negócio a las manos. fol. 50. b. lin. 24. To bring the matter to blowes or fight.

Que en otra cosa no entendia sino en, &c. fol. 51. b. lin. 24. verbatim. Which in any other matter vnderstoode not, i. which thought on nothing els but, &c.

Se dexó dormir. fol. 52. a. lin. 25. verbatim. Let himselfe or herselfe sleepe, i. fell asleepe.

No se qual me créa. fol. 53. b. lin. 19. I know not which I may beleeue.

De vio ser. fol. 53. b. lin. 25. verbatim. It ought to be, i. it could not be otherwise.

Básta lo hécho. fol. 54. a. lin. 16. It sufficeth that it is done. Basta lo dicho, it is enough that is once spoken of, or it needs no more words.

Como súpo callár. fol. 54. a. lin. 19. How shee knew to holde her toong, how well she could be mute, and not answere a word.

Ni por pensamiénto en ella. fol. 54. b. lin. 13. By no meanes.

Querérme mas que a si. fol 55. b. lin. 1. To loue me more or better then himselfe, or herselfe.

No es de cauallero fol. 55. b. lin. 26. It is not the part of a Gentleman.

Tenér en mucho, Tenér en poco. fol. 56. a. lin. 2. To esteeme much, or to set much by, to set lit∣tle by or esteeme little.

Y quien se lo dixo, Se lo súpo encarescér de manera. fol. 56. a. lin. 25. And he that told it, could tell how to augment and amplifie it in such sort.

Assi pase por obra. fol 56. b. lin. 24. So I put it in practise, or set it a worke.

Assi me fue derécha a la córte. fol. 57. a. lin. 3. And so I went straight to the court.

Cos••s no po••o gustósas de oýr. fol. 57. a. lin. 5. verbatim. Things not little tastefull to heare, i. Things not a little delightfull to heare.

En la boz, or en la hábla le conoscý. fol. 57. a. lin. 25. I knew him by his voice of speech.

La música d••va a otra no a mi. fol. 58. a. lin. 20. The musicke plaied to another and not to me.

Le déva mucho. fol. 61. a. lin. 9. verbatim. Oweth him much, i. he is much beholding to him.

E'sta velláca de auséncia desháze las cosas. fol. 61. a. lin. 15. This rascals absence doth vndo all.

No avrá ningúna que no se piérde por vos. fol. 61. b. lin. 3. There will be none which is not lost in loue for you, i. which will not be readie to runne madde for you.

Moça boníta, or bonica. fol. 61. b. lin. 5. A good wench, a fine trull, maide or girle.

Dár léxos de la verdád. fol. 62. b. lin. 13. to be wide or farre off from the truth.

Parescér me hýa, or ••a. fol. 63. a. lin. 12. It did seeme vnto me. This manner of speech in Spa∣nish is by the figure Epenthesis, which is the putting in of a letter or syllable in the middle of a word, as in this Parescér me hýa, for Parecería me, It did seeme to me.

Dár vna palmáda. fol. 63. a. lin. 13. To giue ones selfe a pat or blow on the breast, or els where in signe of wondring.

Grangeár favóres. fol. 66. b. lin. 5. To hoord vp fauours.

Perdido per amores, fol. 67. a. lin. 22. Lost for loue, madde in loue.

Si fuésse servído. fol. 68. a. lin. 9. If he pleased, or liked well of.

Vn desmáyo con que avia dado el álma. fol. 68. a. lin. 27. A swouning or traunce, with which he had giuen vp the ghost.

Pluguiéra a Dios. fol. 68. b. lin. 12. Would to God.

Llegat al álma, fol. 69. a. lin. 7. To enter into the soule, to greeue at hart.

Tomó la mano de respondélle. fol. 69. a. lin. 9. Tooke vpon her to answere her, or stoode vp be∣fore the companie to answere her.

Pusiéron la mésa. fol. 71. a. lin. 15. They couered the table.

El sol se pone. fol. 72. a. lin. 5. The sun was set.

Que áya sido parte. fol. 74. a. 20. Which hath beene the cause.

E•• hár lo en burlas. fol. 76. a. lin. 5. verbatim. To cast it off in iesting, i. To iest it out.

A tódos hazia ventája. fol. 76. a. lin. 16. He did excell all, he did exceede or ouerpasse all.

Rogándo muy encarescidaménte. fol. 76. b. lin. 8. Requesting very earnestly, very instantly.

Fulána tiene buen áyre, Fuláno, es çapateadór. fol. 79. a. lin. 23. & 24. Such a one hath a good grace or countenance, such a one is dauncer of a gigge.

Puesto en tanta obligación. fol. 80. a. lin. 20. Being so much beholding or bound.

Echáda a la sombra, Echádo a la cáma. fol. 82. b. lin. 2. Laide in the shadowe, cast on the bed.

Tuviésse por bien. fol. 82. b. lin. 8. verbatim. Did holde for good, i. Thought well of, or tooke in good part.

Mal áya amór, su arco y su saéta. fol. 83. a. lin. 11. The diuell take Loue, his bowe and his shaft.

Passallos hiá, or ía. fol. 83. b. lin. 7. I woulde passe them ouer. This speech by the figure Epen∣thesis, which is a putting betweene of a letter or syllable in the middest of a worde, as Passallos hia, for Passaria los, I woulde passe them ouer. Also in Passallos another figure called Antistoichon, which is a writing one letter for another, by changing R of the Infinitiue moode into L, a thing most vsuall in the Spanish, as heere Passallos for Passár los, so Hablállos, for Hablarlos, to speake vnto them: Vellos, for Ver los, to see them: Dezillos, for Dezirlos, to tell them: Oylles, or Oyllos or Oyr les, or los, to heare them.

Aviendo ydo quanto média legua, fol. 89. a. lin 21. Hauing gone about halfe a league.

Se fue su passo a pásso. fol. 84. a. lin. 6. Went very soft and leisurely.

Los demas de los dias. fol. 86. b. lin. 2. The rest of the daies.

Yen las manos sendos vasos héchos a la Romána. fol. 90. b. lin. 3. And in their hands each one a seuerall vessell made after the Romane fashion.

Mesas puestas. fol. 91. a. lin. 21. Tables couered or laide.

Piédras engastadas. fol. 91. b. lin. 1. Stones enchaced.

Alçár, or quitár la mésa. fol. 91. b. lin 4. To take vp the table.

Vistiéron a Felismena, vna ropa y basquiña de fina grána, recamádas de oro de canutillo, y aljó∣far, vn cuéra, y mangas de tela de plata. fol. 94. a. lin. 5. They apparelled Felismena with a gowne and peticote of fine scarlet colour imbrodered with imbost or raisd golde and pearle, a cassocke and sleeues of cloth of siluer.

Escofión de redezílla. fol. 94. a. lin. 14. A coife of net worke.

Las parédes eran labrádas de obra Mosáyca. fol. 94. b. lin. 16. The wals were wrote Iewish worke or Turkey worke without images.

Duarte. fol. 98. b. lin. 19. Edward.

Mirálde bien. fol. 101. a. lin. 1. Behold him well, by the figure Metathesis, which is a changing places of letters, for Mirádle very common in the Spanish in the Imperatiue moode the seconde person plurall number, as Leeldo for Leed lo, Reade yee it: Dezildo, for Dezid lo, Tell him that: or Dezildes for Dezid les, Tell them: so Miralda for Mirád la, Behold her: Miráldas, for Mirád las, Behold them. fol. 103. a. lin. 3.

O'jos verdes y rasgádos. fol. 103. a. lin. 28. Faire and great eies.

Desde el bórea al austro. fol. 104. a. lin. 22. From the north to the south.

En quanto se hazía hora de cenár se fuéron a vna alaméda. fol. 105. a. lin. 16. And while supper time came they went to a groue of poplars.

Mediante la quel fol. 109. a. lin. 24. By meanes whereof.

Gentil hombre y bien talládo. fol. 110. a. lin. 13. A proper man and well shaped, and not for as English men call gentleman.

Cavallo rúcio rodádo. fol. 110. a. lin. 15. A horse dapple graie.

Traýa en la cinta vn alfánje. fol. 110. a. lin. 19. He caried at his girdle a Turkie sword.

Traýa en el bráço ysquierdò. fol. 110. a. lin. 24. He caried on his left arme.

Bolvér sobre si. fol. 110. b. lin. 21. To come to ones selfe as out of a traunce, astonishment or the like.

Tocár un cuerno. fol. 111. a. lin. 16. verbatim. To touch. i. To winde a horne.

Llevárel camíno de los companéros. fol. 111. a. lin. 19. verbatim. To carrie the way of his fel∣lowes. i. To take the same way, to be serued with the same sauce, to drinke of the same cup.

Túvo lo en mucho. fol. 113. a. lin 9. He much esteemed it.

De ay algunos dias. fol. 116. a. lin. 18. From hence a few daies.

Tenérme campo. fol. 119. a. lin. 5. verbatim. To hold me field. i. To be able to stand with me or fight with me.

Hazér campo. verbatim. To make field. i. To combat, to fight.

No se lo que hará de mi. fol. 119. a. lin. 18. I know not what shall become of me.

Tenéd entendido. fol. 126. b. lin. 2. verbatim. Hold vnderstood. i. Vnderstand.

Ambas a dos. fol. 126. b. lin. 27. Both.

Pléga a Dios fol. 130. b. lin. 24. I would to God.

Por lo poco que se dáva por el. fol. 133. a. lin. 23. For the little esteeme he made of him.

No se me da náda. verbatim. It giues nothing to me. i. I care not.

Avrá como cinco o seys méses. fol. 147. a. lin. 3. It shall be some fiue or sixe monethes.

Cosa en que tan poco te ýva. fol. 149. a. lin. 19. A thing which so little did import thee.

Me a dádo de mano. fol. 150. a. lin. 26. He hath taken his leaue of me.

Fálda de unas montañas fol. 157. b. lin. 13. verbatim. the skirt. i. The side or hanging of an hill.

Vino a dár en un bosque muy grande, de verdes alísos y azebúches assaz popládo. fol. 158. a. lin. 2. He came to light into a wood very great, sufficiently stored with greene fallowes and wilde oliues.

Y de súbito fue a dár con los ojos en una muy hermosa ciudád, que desde de lo alto de una sierra, que de frente estáva. fol. 158. a. lin. 6. And vpon a sudden he espied a faire citie from the top of a moun∣taine, which was right against them.

Se fué su passo a passo pot una senda que júnto a l rio ýva házia la parte. fol. 158. b. lin. 6. He went faire and soft in a path which lead neere the riuer toward that part, &c.

Sobre las cabeças, tenían sendas guirnaldas de verde yedra. fol. 158. b. lin. 18. Vpon their heads they had each of them seuerall garlands of greene iuie.

Con cierto desdén y un dár de mano. fol. 160. a. lin. 12. With a certaine disdaine and putting from with the hand.

Dize pues que su mugér es fináda que me case con el? fol. 160. a. lin. 24. Saith he, seeing that his wife is dead, that I marrie with him?

Paréd en médio bivír. fol. 190. b. lin. 28. To liue at the next wall, but one wall betweene.

Parár mientes. fol. 193. a, lin. 21. To marke, to heede.

Plazér a cabádo. fol. 226. a. lin. 12. Complete or full ioy or pleasure quite ended.

Diana de Monte Mayor 2. part.

Encaminár obras a personas de lustre. fol. 2. a. lin. 5. To direct workes to persons of fame.

Si Dios fuére servido. fol. 2. b. lin. 7. verbatim. If God shall be serued. i. If it shall please God.

De mi grádo jamas entendiéra sino en solo loáros. fol. 3. a. lin. 7. By my good will I would neuer do any thing else but praise you.

Vaya fu••ra ••oda arrogáncia fol. 3. b. lin. 12. All pride set aside.

Como a cada uno complia. fol. 7. a. lin. 2. As was meete for euery one.

No les comple ýrse. fol. 7. b. lin. 20. It is not meete they goe.

Con el si del matrimónio. fol. 8. a. lin. 26. With the answering to the minister yea at the mariage.

Vámonos fol. 10. a. lin. 10. Let vs goe, for Vamos nos.

Dexémonos. fol. 19. a. lin. 22. Let vs leaue, for Dexémos nos.

Amatár la sed. fol. 10. a. lin. 20. To quench thirst.

Por una cuésta abaxo. fol. 11. b. lin. 11. Downehill.

A vézes. fol. 21. a. lin. 1. By turnes, by fits.

O vala me Dios. fol. 22. a. lin. 6. God helpe me.

Pluguiéra a Dios. fol. 22. a. lin. 17. I would to God.

Dado que fol. 22. b. lin. 21. Grant that, suppose that.

Mercéd señ aláda. fol. 28. b. lin. 26. A notable curtesie.

El traydór del Cupido fol. 36. b. lin. penultima. The traitor Cupide.

Tenér en mucho fol. 38. b. lin. 1. To esteeme much of.

Wordes, Phrases, Sentences and Prouerbes out of Celestina in 8. printed at Antwerpe En la oficina Plantiniana Anno 1595.

De mas. pag. 1. lin. 5. Ouer and aboue, besides, moreouer.

Recebído tienen. pag. 3. lin. 6. verbatim. They hold receiued. i. They haue receiued.

Tenér la firma del autor. pag. 4. lin. 21. To haue the authors name to it.

Leeldo. pag. 8. lin. 9. Read it, by the figure Metathesis, which is a changing of places of letters, very common in the Spanish in the seconde person plurall of the Imperatiue moode, as this Leeldo for Leed lo, as Castigaldo, chastise him, for Castigad lo, Pedilde, require of him, for Pedid le, Oylde, heare him, for oyd le.

A tódo corrér devéis de huír. pag. 10. lin. 11. verbatim. With all running away you ought to auoide. i. With all haste possible to run or shun.

En quien quépa esta differénçia. pag. 17. lin. 14. In whom may be contained or found this dif∣ference.

Conséja tras de fuego. pag. 13. lin. 3. A tale by the fires side, an old wiues tale.

Ofrecido tenér. pag. 22. lin. 13. verbatim. To hold offered. i. To haue offered.

Vete, vete de ay. pag. 23. lin. 18. Get thee hence, get thee hence.

Abatióse el girafalte. pag. 23. lin. 28. The Gerfaulcon bated.

Los Diablos te gánen. pag. 24. lin. 1. The Deuill take thee.

Que cosa es? pag. 24. lin. 20. What is the matter?

Dexárle he? pag. 25. lin. 2. Shall I leaue him?

Matárse ha. pag. 25. lin. 3. He is to kill himselfe, or he will kill himselfe.

Desbráve, Madúre. pag. 25. lin. 15. Let him pacifie or calme himselfe, let him ripen or come to a head.

Si delante me tiéne. pag. 25. lin. 22. If he haue me before him.

Mudár el pelo malo. pag. 25. lin. 29. To change ill fortune.

Ves lo aquí. pag. 26. lin. 15. See it here.

De la aparéncia a la existéncia. pag. 27. lin. 14. From that which seemes to be, to that which is indeede.

No cabe en coraçón de mi ámo. pag. 28. lin. 6. It is not within the compasse of my masters hart.

Que por la boca le sale a borbollónes. pag. 28. lin 6. But that it must bubble out of his mouth.

Ha, ha, ha, & Hi, hi, hi. pag. 28. lin. 14. Voices of laughing.

Assestár tiros. pag 28. lin. 17. To aime.

Escozióte. pag. 30. lin. 27. It touchte you, it made you smart.

Metér por los agujéros. pag. 32. lin. 25. verbatim. To put into holes, i. to take in at windowes.

Desque se descúbren. pag. 33. lin. 12. From the time they discouer themselues.

Catívo de mi, Mesquíno de mi. pag. 34. lin. 20. Wretch that I am.

Assi me médre Dios, Assite medre Dios. pag. 34. lin. 23. verbatim. So God make me thriue, i. So God helpe me or prosper me.

Duelos tenémos. pag. 34. lin. 28. We haue mournings in hand.

Ojos verdes y rasgádos. pag. 35. lin. 14. Faire and great eies.

La tez liza y lustrosa. pag. 35. lin. 24. The skin smooth and cleere.

Buen ándo haze esto. pag. 37. lin. 8. This makes good going forward.

Dias grándes ha, or Múchos dias ha. pag. 37. lin. 5. A good while since.

Quede Dios con. v.m. pag. 37. lin. 29. God be with you, or God remaine with you.

Dios vaya con v.m. pag. 37. lin. 29. God conduct, or be your speed.

Vaya v.m. con Dios. Goe in Gods name.

Que es del? pag. 38. lin. 15. What is become of him? where is he?

Hi, hi, hi. pag. 39. lin. 2. A voice of laughing.

Tres dias ha. pag. 39. lin. 4. It hath beene three daies.

Vo, for Voy. pag. 39. lin. 12. I goe.

Pormi vída, Por tu vida. pag. 39. lin. 27. I pray thee hartily.

Quedate a Dios. pag. 40. lin. 11. God remaine with you, or keepe you.

Sey, for Se tu. pag. 40. lin. 21. Be thou.

No púde desseár bien, de que no te cupiésse parte. pag. 41. lin. 1. I could not so much as desire, as wish any goodnes, in which thy part was not contained therein.

Si quiéra, for Solaménte. pag. 41. lin. 4.

Gelo prometí. pag. 41. lin. 28. I promised him it or that, for Se lo prometí.

Tha, tha, tha. pag. 42. lin. 3. The noise or beating of the knocking at a doore.

O que comedór de huévos assados. pag. 43. lin. 21. Oh what a eater of roasted egges.

De que le servías? pag. 44. lin. 4. In what place or office diddest thou serue her in?

Curár de punto, pag. 47. lin. 18. To heale or cure with stitching vp, as with needle and threed.

Téngote lo en grácia, or mercéd. pag. 48. lin. 24. I thanke thee for it.

Como quiera. pag. 49. lin. 29. Howsoeuer.

Dar en el fiel. pag. 51. lin. 4. To hit the pricke at shooting.

Para mi santiguáda. pag. 51. lin. 13. By my hallidoome.

Do víno el asno, verná el albarda. pag. 51. lin. 13. verbatim. Where the asse is come, the packe sad∣dle will come. i. where the greater doth yéelde, the lesse must of necessitie come after.

AFter I had read ouer Diana de Monte mayor, and other authors, gathering out the hardest speeches and explaining them for the learners vse, and being come thus farre in Celestine, as you see, it came into my imagination that run∣ning thorow him and such other hard authors, by vnfolding so open to euerie ones

view the difficultest points in the toong, might breede some dislike in men of mine owne profession (to whom I wish as to my selfe) as also little thankefulnes of others, who hauing their turns serued, do commonly verifie this prouerbe, (Eaten bread is forgotten.) I thought good not to deale all at once, but to keepe some to sweeten their mouthes heereafter, as they shall be desirous heereof, and the rather, for that notwithstanding all this and more paines to, with cost out of my purse, neglecting my profession and liuing, I haue alreadie before I came neere the presse, tasted and had some experience of some of the greater sorte (if wealth and place haue that prerogatiue) which neuer sawe any thing of my dooing in their life, or heard mee speake, by discourteous dealing enough to discourage mee from the publishing of any thing, to pleasure or profit many; yet for the better minded, and more curteous disposed, I heere go so farre with the Englishing heereof, and some prouerbes fol∣lowing, whose curtesie if friendly I finde, may cause me to the farther vnfolding of this language to his farther content.

Words, Phrases, Sentences and Prouerbs out of La vida de Lázaro de Tormes in 8 printed in Antwerpe En laoficina Plantiniána, Anno M.D.XCV.

Lo que uno no cóme, otro se pierde por ello. pag. 2. lin. 13. That which one eateth not, another is lost for it, or longeth after it.

No sér mas santo que mis vezinos. pag. 5. lin. 7. Not to be more holy then my neighbours.

Achacáron a mi padre ciertas sangrias mal hechas en los costáles. pag. 7. lin. 18. They laid to my fathers charge certaine ripping the sides of the sacks.

Ar••már a los buenos pag. 8. lin. 7. pag 91. lin. 1. To leane or stay ones selfe vpon the good.

Echár la soga tras ei caldéro. pag. 10. lin. 12. verbatim. To cast the rope after the caldron. i. To cast the helue after the hatchet.

Vale te por ti. pag. 11. lin. 16. verbatim. Be of auaile for thy selfe. i. Shift for thy selfe.

Par de una cosa. pag. 11. lin. 26. Iust euen with any thing.

Mas da el duro que el desnúdo. pag. 19. lin. 28. verbatim. More giueth the hard then the naked. i More giueth the miser or curmudgeon then he that hath it not to giue.

Escapé del truéno y di en el Relampágo. pag. 28. lin. 23. I escaped the thunder and fell into the lightening.

No podér tener en las piernas. pag. 30. lin. 23. Not to be able to stand vpon the legs.

Dar el relóx la una, Dar las dos, las tres, &c. pag. 49. lin. 15. The clocke to strike one, two or three.

Ha dado la una, Han dado las dos, las tres, &c. pag. 50. lin. 25. It hath strooke one a clocke, two a clocke, three a clocke.

En un crédo. pag. 57. lin. 14. In the twinkling of an cie.

Uña de vaca. pag. 62. lin. 1. A neates foote.

La bolsa sin maldita la blanca. pag. 65. lin. 16. The diuell a penny in his purse.

Oy dia. pag. 65. lin. 24. At this day.

Quebrémos el ojo al Diáblo. pag. 66. lin. 7. Let vs breake the necke of the Deuill.

Vóto or boto a Dios. pag. 70. lin. 4. I s•• eare by God.

Del rey abaxo. pag. 71. lin. 6. From the king downeward.

Rompér çapatos. pag. 77. lin. 13. To weare out shooes.

Lançár del el demónio. pag. 85. lin. 8. To cast out the diuell from him.

Matár con un hombre. pag. 92. lin. 6. To fight with a man.

Quien bien te hará o se yrá o se morirá. pag. 94. lin. 7. He that shall or will doe thee a good turne, either he will be gon, or he will die.

Words, Phrases, Sentences and Prouerbs out of Menosprécio de la Corte, or in French Mespris de la Court in 16. printed An. M.D.XCI. per Iehan de Tournes.

Yr me a mia la mano. pag. 70. lin. 19. verbatim. To goe me to my hand. i. To hinder, let or stop my selfe.

Ir por el atájo. pag. 93. lin. 14. To goe the shortest way.

Dar de mano a la corte. pag. 127. lin. 20 To shake hands or take leaue of the Court.

Dár la corte a Dios. pag. 137. lin. 10. To bid the court farewell.

Andár en cuérpo. pag. 197. lin. 1. To goe in hose and doublet without a cloake.

No es de passár entre renglónes. pag. 200. lin. 20. It is not to be left obscurely, or it is to be plainely written or set downe.

Verdúra para la olla. pag. 202. lin. 19. Hearbes for the pot, pothearbes.

Bevér de buçes. 202 lin. 5. To drinke as an oxe or such beastes.

Jugár al herrón. pag. 227. lin. 13. To play at coites.

Corrér vn toro. pag. 228. lin. 3. So baite a bull.

A paréd y medio, pared en medio. com. Plauto. fol. 4. b. lin. 18. pag. 234. lin. 13. The next wall to one, But a wall betweene.

Clérigo sin breviário. pag. 259. lin. 8. A priest without a breuiarie.

Ruár calles. pag. 273. lin. 14. To gad about the streetes.

A pénas. 289. lin. 20. Hardly.

Embocár la bola al juego de argólla. pag. 360. lin. 2. To cast the bowle into the hole of the ring at that play of Argolla, 1. A ring.

Tirár coces. pag. 380. lin. 10. To kicke.

Traér de tema la gorra. pag. 388. lin. 12. To set his hat to the good aleward, on one side the head.

Sospécho que son pocos, y muy pocos, y aun muy poquitos y muy repoquitos. pag. 406. lin. 1. I suspect there are few and very few, yea most few, yea fewest of all.

Wordes, Phrases, Sentences, and Prouerbes out of Floresta Española, in 16. Printed in Salamanca, 1592.

Estoy maravillado. Epist. dedicatoria. pag. 2 lin. 9. I wonder, I marueile.

El linage donde no avía corona, nunca medrava. fol. 6. b. lin 4. verbatim. That kindred that had had a crowne in it neuer thriued. i. a priest.

Mas paré••e chichón, que Cardinal. fol. 7. b. lin. 1. It seemed rather a whelke or pustle then a stripe blacke and blew.

Rézias cámaras, fol. 11. a. lin. 18. Strong stoolings.

Macho de silla. fol. 13. a. lin. 15. A nagge.

Vn hombre de gran memória sin letras, tiene rueca y huso y no estambre. fol. 21. a. lin. 1. A man of great memorie without learning, hath a rocke and a spindle, and no stuffe to spin.

Bolár vna grulla o ave. fol. 43. b. lin. 5. To flie at the Herron.

Guisár la comida. fol. 43. b. lin. 6. To dresse meate.

Desensillar. fol. 53. b. lin. 19. To put out of a chaire. Also to vnsaddle.

Vnos moços de espuelas, fol. 60. b. lin. 1 Lackeies or footemen.

A esse Page o capalde o encapalde. fol. 61. b. lin. 18. Either gelde this page or giue a cloake.

Tal cádreda vaca. fol. 74. b. lin. 2. Such a chaire was vacant.

Llámo me. fol. 76. a. lin. 15. I call my selfe, or I am called.

Puntos de çapátos. fol. 85. b. lin. 14. The stitches of shooes, or size of shooes, as nines, tens, &c.

Al freýr lo veréys. fol. 93. a. lin. penultima, verbatim. By frying you shall see. i. By proofe you shall finde.

Os demande la palabra. fol. 94. b. lin. 2. Let him challenge your word or promise.

Hazér quartos. fol. 90. a. lin. 3. To quarter.

Parár mientes. fol. 500. a. lin 7. To marke.

Caldo. fol. 102, b. lin. 5. Broth, pottage.

Hazér la barba. fol 112. a. lin. 16 To trim the beard.

De buena gana fol. 226. b. lin. 5. With a good will.

Dezir grácias. fol. 234. a. lin. 18. To speake merrie conceits.

Marco Aurelio.

Sublimár, abatír. pag. 11. lin. 18. To lift vp and to abase.

A ley de bueno os juro pag. 27. lin. 28. By the faith of a good man I sweare.

Conviene a sabér. pag. 42. lin. 16. That is to wit.

Sobrepujár. pag. 46. lin. 11. To ouerpoise.

Pendón de taverna. pag. 51. lin. 9. The signe of a tauerne.

Jugár al axedrés. pag. 59. lin. 20. To play at Chesse.

Poner obligación. pag. 234. lin. 26. to binde, to make one beholding to him.

Ponér el águila en los péchos. pag. 245. lin. 20. To put the Eagle on his breast. i. To weare the Emperours armes the Eagle.

Armár çancadilla. pag. 256. lin. 2. To trip.

Cavallo de axedréz. pag. 279. lin. 26. The Knight at Chesse.

De Comédia de Plauto Milite glorioso in 16. printed at Antwerp M.D.LV.

Fletár vna náo. fol. 8. b. lin. 19. To hire a ship and pay passage money.

Hazér a lo largo en la mar. fol. 8. b. lin. 23. To lanch into the maine at sea.

Dios te pague. fol. 12. a. lin. 11. God rewarde thee.

Ponér or Hazer lumbre. fol. 17. a. lin. 23. To make a fire.

El puerco muerto sabe mas quando se come. fol. 22. a. lin. 25. A dead hog tasteth best when he is eaten.

Hermáno del leche. fol. 25. b. lin. 17. A foster brother.

Poco me doy por esso. fol. 28. b. lin. 19. Little care I for this.

Ordir tramas. fol. 29. b. lin. 8. verbatim. To spin webs. i. To worke deceites.

Comédia de Plauto Menechmos, in 16. bound with Milite glorioso.

Para que se ténga en mas. fol. 54. b. lin. 16. That he or it may be more esteemed.

Ambos a dos mancebos. fol. 55. b. lin. 15. Both the yoong men.

No perdáys palabra. fol. 56. b. lin. 10. verbatim. Doe not loose a word, i. Be attentiue to that one shall say.

Hazér de nuéuas con alguno. fol. 67. a. lin. 19. To make himselfe strange with one, when he knoweth him well enough.

Araucana in 16. three in one volumne, Printed in Antwerp. 1597.

Cúchilla de la montáña. Elógio. pag. 3. lin. 8. The edge or ridge of a hill.

Rociada dar. Elogio. pag. 3. lin. 12. To giue a volley of shot.

Como consta por sus óbras. Elogio. pag. 7. lin. 5. As appeareth by his workes.

Medir la pica al enimígo. fol. 3. b. lin. 33 To come to push of a pike with the enimie.

Pobládos penáchos. fol. 4. a. lin. 32. Thicke plumes of feathers.

Hazérse a lo largo. fol. 3. a. lin. 10. verbatim. To make himselfe aloofe, i. To step out as men in a quarrell to draw their weapon.

A riénda suélta. fol. 31. b. lin. penult. verbatim. With a loose raine of a bridle, i. at libertie, freelie, as Reýr a riénda suélta. To laugh freely, at libertie.

I would goe forward in this course of seeking hard places and phrases in Authors, but for that I haue now much other busines that neerer concernes me, onely certaine Prouerbes which I haue heretofore for mine owne vse gathered, and here leaue some of them to your vse, as yee shall best like them.

Refranes. Prouerbes. First setting downe the English worde for worde according to the Spanish, with this worde Verbatim. Afterwarde if it haue a sence dif∣fering from the worde, the meaning thus, i. for id est: that is to saie.

NO puede ser mas negro el cuervo que sus álas. verbatim. The crowe can not be blacker then his wings. i. Nothing can exceede the highest degree.

Quien a su enemigo popa, a sus manos muere. verbatim. Whosoeuer disdainfully dallies with his enimie, dies by his owne hande. i. by making no reckoning of his enimie, receaues dam∣mage.

Quien cóme y dexa, dos vezes póne la mesa. verbatim. Who dineth and leaueth for another time, couers the table twise. i. He that keepeth in store, serueth his turne when he hath neede.

Gran sabór es comér y no escotár. verbatim. It is great sauorines to dine or eate, and not to paie any shot or reckoning. i. Good drinking of wine of another mans purse.

La codicia rómpe el saco. verbatim. Couetousnes bursteth the bagge. i. neuer thinketh it full till it breake.

Mas véen quatro ójos que no dos. verbatim. Fower eies see better then two. i. Two heades are bet∣ter then one.

Mas vále páxaro en máno que bueytre bolándo. verbatim. Better a birde in hand then a Vultur fly∣ing. i. A birde in hand woorth ten in the bush.

E'ntre hermános, no metas tus manos: Porque, quien los desparte, lleua la peor parte. verbat. Betweene brothers put not thou thy hands; for who so seuers them hath the woorst of it.

Ni de estópa buen camisa, ni de puta buena amiga. verbatim. Neither of hurdes is made a good shirt, nor of a queane a good louer.

Quien ha officio ha benificio. verbatim. He that hath an occupation or office hath a benefite and a benefice.

En la boca cerrada no entra mosca. verbatim. In a closed vp mouth a flie cannot get in.

Mas cerca están mis dientes que mis pariéntes. verbatim. My teeth are neerer to me then my kinred. i. Neerer is my coate, but neerer is my shirt.

Mas vale ser cabeça de Ratón, que cola de León. verbatim. Better to be the head of a Mouse then the taile of a Lyon. i. Better be chiefe in a meane place, then vnderling in a greater.

Da Dios hávas, a quien no tiene quixádas. verbatim. God giueth beanes to them that haue no iawes to eate them. i. God sends fooles fortune.

A cavallo comedór cabéstro corto. verbatim. To a greedie eating horse, a short halter. i. To a prodi∣gall man meane fortune: a curst cowe short hornes.

Dime con quien ándas, y dezirte he quien éres. verbatim. Tell me with whom thou goest, and I will tell thee what thou art. i. Birdes of a feather will flocke togither; like will to like.

En la boca del discréto, Lo público es secreto. verbatim. In the wisemans mouth, That is manifest is kept secret.

Piedra movedíza, no cria moho. verbatim. The rolling stone engenders no mosse.

Mas vale sabér, que avér. verbatim. It is better to haue knowledge then riches.

Quien mal en horna, saca los panes tuertos. verbatim. He that setteth in the bread in the ouen naughtily, draweth out the loaues crushed awrie: as one brewes so let him drinke: as one plots so it prooues.

Quien da presto, da dos vézes. verbatim. He that giues quickly, giueth twise.

Miédo guarda viña y no viñadéro verbatim. Feare keepeth and looketh to the vineyard and not the owner. i. Feare makes one looke about.

A muértos y a ýdos no ay amígos. verbatim. To dead men and absent there are no friendes left. i. Out of sight out of minde.

La cóz de la yégua no haze mal al pótro. verbatim. The kicke of the mare hurteth not the colt. i. A friends reproofe neuer doth ill.

A vn traydór dos alevósos. verbatim. To one traitor, two traitors. i. To ouer reach one craftie knaue, set two craftie knaues to him and they will cony catch him. The Italian saith, A vn fino, vn fino & mezo.

Jurado ha el vaño de negro, no hazér blanco. verbatim. The bath of the blackmoore hath sworne not to whiten. i. That which is bred in the bone will neuer out of the flesh.

En casa del mesquino, manda mas la mugér que el marído. verbatim. In the house of the simple soule, the wife commands more then the husband. i.

In the house of the silly man of necessitie and of fore:

The graie mare will still prooue the better horse.

Es mas el ruýdo, que las nuezes. verbatim. The noise is greater then the nuts. i. More afraid then hurt.

Dos pardáles en vna espíga, házen mala liga. verbatim. Two sparrowes on one eare of corne make an ill agreement. i. Two competitors cannot accorde.

No es tan bravo el León como le pintan. verbatim. The Lion is not so fierce as they paint him. i. He is such a one as he makes shewe of.

En hora buena nace, quien buena fama cóbra. verbatim. He is borne in a good houre that gets him∣selfe a good name. i. A good name is better then riches.

De baxo de mala capa, yaze buen bevedór. verbatim. Vnder a bad cloake lies a good drinker. i. The woorse outwardly attired, the better inwardly lined.

De rábo de puérco, nunca buen viróte. verbatim. Of a pigges taile you can neuer make a good shaft. i. Bray a foole in a morter you cannot make him leaue his follie: a clowne will neuer bee made a king.

Que es esse hidalgo? El que hāze las obras. verbatim. What is this gentleman. i. Who is to be a gen∣tleman? Euen he that doth the workes of a gentleman.

El asno súfre la cárga, no la sobre cárga. verbatim. The asse endureth his burden, but not more then his burden.

Amenezados pán cómen. verbatim. Threatened men eate bread. i. The threatened men liue long.

Piénsa el ladrón, que todos son de su condición. verbatim. The theefe thinketh that all are of his condition, i. Euerie one iudgeth another by himselfe.

Mas vale vn tóma que dos te daré. verbatim. One hold is better then two I will giue thee. Once giuing is better then often promising.

No se gána çamóra en vn hóra. verbatim. çamóra (a strong towne) is not wonne in an hower, i. Rome was not built in a day.

Quién tiémpo tiene, y tiémpo atiende, tiémpo viéne, que se arrepiénte. verbatim. He that hath time, and lookes for better time, Time comes that he repent himselfe of time.

Buén coraçón quebránta mála ventura. verbatim. A good hart breaketh ill hap, i. A good hart ouer∣commeth all.

Mundo redondo quién no sabe nadár va se en hóndo. verbatim. Round world, he that cannot swim let him sinke to the bottome.

Malas son las búrlas verdadéras. verbatim. True iestes are ill, i. It is ill to iest at that which was done in deed.

Quién te háze fiésta, que no lo suéle hazér, o te quiére engañár, o te hamenestér. verbatim. Who so ma∣keth much of thee that was not woont, either will deceiue or stands in neede of thee.

Quién a sólas come el gállo, a sólas ensilla su cavállo. verbatim. Whosoeuer eates the cocke alone, saddles the horse alone, i. He that will keepe his meate and his money to himselfe, must doe his busines himselfe.

Ház bien y no cates a quién, haz mal y guárte, verbatim. Doe good and regard not to whom, doe euill and take heede of thy selfe.

Quién a buén árbol se arrima buéna sombra le cobíja. verbatim. Whosoeuer leaneth to a good tree, getteth a good shadow, i. whosoeuer hath a sure man to trust vnto, hath a great pleasure.

Quien no paréce peréce. verbatim. Who appeareth not, perisheth, i. Out of sight, out of minde.

Biva comígo y búsca quien te manténga. verbatim. Liue with me, and seeke some other that may maintaine thee, i. Doe me seruice, and get maintenance where thou canst.

Hónra y provécho, no cáben en vn sáco. verbatim. Honour and profit are not contained togither in one sacke, i. If you be honorable, you must be liberall and not respect your money.

Quien quita l'ocasión, quita el pecádo. verbatim. He that taketh awaie the occasion, taketh away the offence, i. He that remooueth the allurements, taketh away the sinne.

La pobréza no es viléza mas inconveniéncia. verbatim. Pouertie is no vile or vitious matter, but yet an inconuenience.

Las quéntas en la máno, y el diáblo en el capíllo. verbatim. The beades in the hand, and the diuell in his capuch or cape of his cloake, i. God in his mouth and the diuell in his hart: good words and wicked deeds.

Palábras y plúmas el viénto las lléva. verbatim. Wordes and feathers the winde carrieth away, i. words are but winde.

Ni Sávado sin sól ni moça sin amór, ni véjo sin dolór. verbatim. Neither Saboath without sunne, nor yoong wench without loue, nor an old body without griefe or ache.

• ...Fuégo de estópa,
• ...Amór de púta,
• ...Viénto del cúlo,
• ...Tódo es vno,

• Fire of flaxe,
• Loue of a queane,
• Winde from the taile,
• All is one.

Guárdate

• ...De ýra de Señór y de alboróto de pué∣blo.
• ...De lócos en lugár estrécho,
• ...De hónra menguáda, y génte que no tiéne náda.
• ...De móça adeuína, y mugér latí∣na.
• ...De persóna señaláda, y de Biúda tres vézes casáda.
• ...De lódos al caminár, y de luénga en∣fermedád.
• ...De viénto que entre per horádo, y de enimígo que séa reconciliádo.
• ...De madrásta, el nombre le bá∣sta.

Take heede

• Of the wrath of a mightie man & the tumult of the people.
• Of mad fooles in a narrow place.
• Of credit decaied, and people which haue nothing.
• Of a yoong wench a prophetesse, and a latin woman.
• Of a person marked, & a widow thrise married.
• Of fowle durtie waies and long sickenes.
• Of wind that comes in at a hole, and of a reconciled enimy.
• Of a stepmother, the very name of her sufficeth.

FJNJS.

Notes

• * 1.1

  No difficultie in the Spanish tongue or other vulgar tongues comming from the Latine.
• * 1.2

  Definition of Grammar.
• * 1.3

  Deuision of Grammar.
• * 1.4

  Propertie of the fower parts of Grammar.
• * 1.5

  Definition of Orthographie. Definition of Orthopoeia.
• * 1.6

  The force of letters.
• * 1.7

  Letters. Double letters.
• * 1.8

  Nota.
• * 1.9

  ç. g. j. x. z.
• * 1.10

  B and V conso∣nant, written and pronounced one for another.
• * 1.11

  Nota.
• * 1.12

  B cast away.
• * 1.13

  C cast away.
• * 1.14

  ç pronounced as the Italian Z. ç pronounced as English Ths.
• * 1.15

  D pronounced as Dh.
• * 1.16

  Ga. Go, Gu. Gua.
• * 1.17

  Gue, Gui, like Ghe, Ghi.
• * 1.18

  Ge, Gi, as je, ji, which is as in English she shi.
• * 1.19

  G and j conso∣nant written one for another.
• * 1.20

  H in beginning of a word.
• * 1.21

  H in middle of a word.
• * 1.22

  H taken away.
• * 1.23

  Hue pronoun∣ced as Wue.
• * 1.24

  I three kinds.
• * 1.25

  A note for Englishmen.
• * 1.26

  Small i.
• * 1.27

  Y.
• * 1.28

  J pronounced like sh.
• * 1.29

  P not doubled. P cast away.
• * 1.30

  When L not doubled. When N not doubled. Nota.
• * 1.31

  Que, Qui pronounced as Ke, Ki.
• * 1.32

  S made like a snake doubled with his head lifted vp.
• * 1.33

  Nota, S neuer in beginning of a word except a vowel follow.
• * 1.34

  Ti neuer turned in Ci in Spa∣nish, as in other tongues.
• * 1.35

  U pronounced broad as ou.
• * 1.36

  X pronounced as sh. X and j written often in Spanish one for another.
• * 1.37

  Ch as in Eng∣lish Ch.
• * 1.38

  Ll pronounced as Li.
• * 1.39

  ñ pronounced as ni.
• * 1.40

  Definition of diphthongs.
• * 1.41

  1. Ai, ay.
• * 1.42

  2. Ao.
• * 1.43

  3. Au.
• * 1.44

  4. Ei, ey.
• * 1.45

  5. Eu.
• * 1.46

  6. Ia.
• * 1.47

  7. Ie, ye.
• * 1.48

  8. Io, yo.
• * 1.49

  9. Iu.
• * 1.50

  10. Oi, oy.
• * 1.51

  11. Ue.
• * 1.52

  12. Ui, uy.
• * 1.53

  The first Rule.
• * 1.54

  The second Rule.
• * 1.55

  The third Rule.
• * 1.56

  The fourth Rule.
• * 1.57

  Definition of a Triphthongs.

  • 1. iay, yay.
  • 2. iey, yey.
  • 3. iue, yue.
  • 4. uai, uay.
  • 5. uei, uey.
• * 1.58

  Description of Prosodia.
• * 1.59

  Spanish not subiect to La∣tine accents.
• * 1.60

  Of the Latine, the Latine ac∣cent.

  Words ending in D, I, N, or R, accented in the last sillable. Except these. Nota. Opus laboris.
• * 1.61

  2 Accents in one worde.
• * 1.62

  Nota.
• * 1.63

  Words of two Accents.
• * 1.64

  Words of three Accents.
• * 1.65

  Definition of Etymologie.
• * 1.66

  Primitiue. Deriuatiue.
• * 1.67

  Interrogatiue.
• * 1.68

  Numerall. Cardinall.
• * 1.69

  Cardinall Numerals.
• * 1.70

  Ordinall Numerals.
• * 1.71

  Partatiue numerals. Vniuersall numerals. Particular numerals. Aduerbiall numerals.
• * 1.72

  Deriuatiues. Of countries or townes. Of the nation.
• * 1.73

  Deriuatiues from Primi∣tiues. Excessiues in údo, & ázo. Diminutiues.
• * 1.74

  Numbers.
• * 1.75

  Nota.
• * 1.76

  Cases.
• * 1.77

  Genders. Rules to know the gender of most part of Nounes. Nota. Nounes in l, o, r, Masculine. Exception.
• * 1.78

  Nounes in a, d, ion, feminine.
• * 1.79

  Exception.
• * 1.80

  Another ex∣ception.
• * 1.81

  Verbals in or make them∣selues feminine, by putting to a.
• * 1.82

  Declension of the Article.
• * 1.83

  Nota.
• * 1.84

  Comparatiues.
• * 1.85

  Superlatiues.
• * 1.86

  Primitiues.
• * 1.87

  Demonstratiues
• * 1.88

  Relatiues.
• * 1.89

  Deriuatiues.
• * 1.90

  Yo declined.
• * 1.91

  Nota.
• * 1.92

  Mi, and Mio.
• * 1.93

  A rule when Mi, tu, su, and Mio, tuyo, suyo, are to be vsed. Nota.
• * 1.94

  S. added ma∣keth Plurall number.
• * 1.95

  Second person, Tu.
• * 1.96

  Nota.
• * 1.97

  Nota, how the Spaniard vseth Tu, and the se∣cond Plu,
• * 1.98

  Nota.
• * 1.99

  Nota.
• * 1.100

  Nota.
• * 1.101

  Vuéstro.
• * 1.102

  Si.
• * 1.103

  Su, Súyo.
• * 1.104

  Nota the diffe∣rence of these Pronounes following. E'ste, Aquéste.
• * 1.105

  Nota. E'ste, Aquéste. E'sse. Aquél, El.
• * 1.106

  Nota.
• * 1.107

  Aquéste. E'sse.
• * 1.108

  Mismo.
• * 1.109

  Nota.
• * 1.110

  Nota.
• * 1.111

  Nota.
• * 1.112

  Que, Quien.
• * 1.113

  El qual.
• * 1.114

  Verbes.
• * 1.115

  Verbe passiue.
• * 1.116

  Gerunds.
• * 1.117

  Supines.
• * 1.118

  Participles.
• * 1.119

  Why the Italian added to the verbes follow∣ing.
• * 1.120

  Avér and Sér.
• * 1.121

  AVER declined.
• * 1.122

  AVER declined.
• * 1.123

  Nota.
• * 1.124

  SER
• * 1.125

  1. Coniug. of Regular Verbes in AR, RE∣VELAR
• * 1.126

  No••e.
• * 1.127

  2. Coniug. of Regular verbs in er Entendér.
• * 1.128

  Entendér.
• * 1.129

  3. and last coniugation of Verbes Regular in Ir, or Yr.
• * 1.130

  O Y R declined.
• * 1.131

  Nota.
• * 1.132

  1. Coniug. of Verbes Irregular in AR.
• * 1.133

  Nota.
• * 1.134

  ESTAR
• * 1.135

  ANDAR
• * 1.136

  ANDAR.
• * 1.137

  TRAER
• * 1.138

  TRAER
• * 1.139

  SABER
• * 1.140

  SABER.
• * 1.141

  PODER
• * 1.142

  PODER
• * 1.143

  Querér.
• * 1.144

  Querér.
• * 1.145

  PONER.
• * 1.146

  PONER
• * 1.147

  HAZER.
• * 1.148

  HAZER
• * 1.149

  CABER
• * 1.150

  CABER.
• * 1.151

  VER.
• * 1.152

  VENIR
• * 1.153

  DEZIR.
• * 1.154

  Participle of the Pre∣senttense.
• * 1.155

  Participle of the Pre∣ter tense.
• * 1.156

  Participle of the Fu∣ture tense.
• * 1.157

  Pres.
• * 1.158

  Preter.
• * 1.159

  Future.
• * 1.160

  Aduerbes formed of Nounes of the Femi∣nine gender in a. Nota.
• * 1.161

  Nota.
• * 1.162

  Preposition.
• * 1.163

  Nota.
• * 1.164

  Mirth or Reioycing. Laughing.
• * 1.165

  wondring.
• * 1.166

  Grieuing.
• * 1.167

  Definition of Synta∣xis.