Lavv, or, a discourse thereof in foure bookes. Written in French by Sir Henrie Finch Knight, his Maiesties Serieant at Law. And done into English by the same author.

CHAP. 6.

Of Seigniories.

HItherto of Tenements.

Bare Hereditaments are those which are not holden, and concerne the land or persons.

Those that concerne the land, are extin∣guished or gon for euer when he that hath them hath also the possession of the Land that they concerne, in as high and continu∣ing an estate as hee hath the heredita∣ments:

Otherwise they are but suspended or gon for the time.

As if the Lord purchase the Tenancie in * 1.1 fee, and though it bee to him and another, and that other suruiue For his estate is as high in the tenancie as it was in the seigni∣orie.

But if one that hath a rent charge in fee, grant it for life to the Tenant in fee of the land, ot in fee to the Tenant for life, of the land, that is by a suspensiō of the rent. And therefore (a) 1.2 in the first case it may be with a remainder ouer, and (b) 1.3 in the second the

Tenant may grant it in his life, & his heire shall haue it after his death. For the estate was not so high in the one as in the other.

So if a man that hath a rent charge in fee going out of land, entermarrie with a woman Tenant in fee of the land: or if the Tenant infeoffe his Lord vpon Condition. For there in the first case the husband may * 1.4 grant this rent, notwithstanding the enter∣marriage: and in the second case, if the te∣nant * 1.5 enter for the condition broken, the seigniorie is reuiued. For the estates are alike perdurable.

These are leuiable by distresse, or such as cannot be distreyned for.

Distresse is a taking of chattels As (a) 1.6 a Cart full of Corne, a fold (b) 1.7 of Sheepe, &c. a (c) 1.8 Mill stone, &c. if it bee not part of the Mill, though it bee fixed to a piece of timber with nailes, windowes, and dores, when they are remoued off from the hookes. But a Mill-stone, though it be lif∣ted vp to be picked and beaten: yet so long as it lieth vpon the other stone, remaineth parcell of the mill, and cannot bee distrai∣ned. No more can windows and dores han∣ging vpon the hookes, though they bee re∣moueable, found vpon the same land, but in * 1.9 other land not holden of him, hee cannot distrein for his seigniorie except it be by the Tenants grant, for satisfaction of arrera∣ges for dismes let reseruing a rent, cannot be distreyned for the rēt, not when they are

seuered from the ninth part, in as much as * 1.10 there is no distresse but vpon Land in De∣mesne, neither could a distres be taken vpon * 1.11 •• Pistarie, but that it containeth land and demesnes.

Prerogatiue.

The King may distreine in another * 1.12 land of the same mans for his seigniorie or rent charge, but so shall not his Grauntee. 9. H. 6 9. is, That a common person cannot distreyne for his seigniorie, but in the land holden of him, except it be by his Tenants grant. But the King may in any place. 13. E. 4. 6. is, That the King for his seruices or for a rent charge, may distreine in al his Tenants lands. But so shall not the Kings Grantee.

Statutes.

Marlb. cap. 15. Distresses shal not be ta∣ken in the High way or Common streete; but by the King or his Officers hauing spe∣ciall authoritie.

Artic Cler. ca. 9. Nor in the antient fees of Churches.

The distresse being put in pounde ouert, or open pound; that is, some place where the owner may lawfully come at them, as if they be things that haue life, to giue them meate &c he that distraineth shall not bee * 1.13

charged, what hurt soeuer they receiue. for quick Chattel must be put in pound ouert, that the owner may giue them sustenance: dead, neede not. But if they be marred in his default that distreyneth, he shal answer for them.

Statutes.

Marlb. cap. 4. None shall leade distresse out of the Countie where they were taken. The neighbor that doth it to his neighbor, shall be fined. The Lord that doth it to his Tenant, shall be amerced.

1. & 2. Phil. & Mar̄ cap 12. No distresse of Cattell shall be driuen out of that hun∣dred, rape, wapentake, or lat••, where it was taken: except to a pound ouert within the Shire, not aboue three miles from the place where it was taken. No distresse taken at one time shal be impounded at seueral pla∣ces, wherby the owners shal be constrained to sue seuerall repleuies, the paine of both these v. l. and treble damages. No person shal take aboue iiij. d. for the poundage for any whole distresse impounded: & where lesse hath beene vsed, there to take lesse, vp∣on paine of v. l. and losse of the money hee he hath taken aboue iiij. d. any prescription notwithstanding.

Bare heredieaments that may bee di∣strained for, are a Seigniorie, & Rent-charge.

Seigniories are seruices wherby lands are holden.

Seruices are common to all certaine Estates, or proper to Inheritances.

Common, as fealtie, and rent seruice, whereof fealtie is incident to euerie such estate. For Lessee for life or yeares, shal do * 1.14 fealtie of common right.

But Tenant at will shall not, because he hath no sure estate. And therefore the seig∣niorie * 1.15 or tenancie being altered (whether by discent or grant) it must be done anew.

All other both common and proper) grow by reseruation.

Fealtie is an oth to be faithfull to his * 1.16 Lord for the tenements.

Rent seruice is a rent to bee paid to the Lord at certain set times.

And to this place we may referre al ser∣uices that lie in fesance. As to be ones but∣ler, * 1.17 to couer his house, to scoure his ditches, &c. But a reseruation of things in prender or vser, as to haue Cōmon for foure beeues, or foure cart loads of wood, maketh no Te∣nure.

Of which kind, two among the rest are specially to be considered; that is to say, franke almoigne and diuine seruice.

Franke almoigne is, when a man of the Church holdeth freely in almes: For if an Abbot, tenant in Franke almoigne, alien to * 1.18 a secular man, he shal do fealty to the Lord, because a secular man cannot hold in frank * 1.19 almoigne. And the Tenant in this case

holdeth of the Donour, and is within his fee. For the Kings grantee of straies in∣fra seoda sua shall haue them in lands hol∣den of him in franke almoine. And the te∣nant shall haue against him a Writ of mesne, or Ne iniuste vexes. And if the Ab∣bot tenant in franke Almoine, and all the monkes die, the lord shal haue the escheat; for the which he is bound to say prayers, & these prayers are the seruices But because the prayers are not limitted in certaine, hée neither shall doe fealtie, nor is subiect to di∣stresse or Cessauit, if they be not done.

The Lord must warrant such a tenant against himselfe and his heires, and saue * 1.20 him harmelesse of all manner of seruices against the Lords aboue, which wee call acquitaile.

Diuine seruice is a spiritual kind of ser∣uice * 1.21 limitted in certaine. As to distribute in almes to an hundred poore men, an hun∣dred pence, &c.

These are the seruices whereby euerie certaine estace may be holden.

There follow those proper to Inheri∣tances.

The grantee whereof shall hold of the grantor by such seruices as he holdeth ouer, if other seruices bee not reserued. As if * 1.22 there be Lord, and tenant by Knights ser∣uice, and the tenant before the Statute of Quia emptores terrarum infeoffe a stranger of the Tenancie, without any thing reser∣uing: Now the feoffee and his heires shall

hold of the feoffor & his heirs by Knights seruice.

Or the grantor may appoint him to hold of the next Lord. As if before the Statute of Quia emptores terrarum, there were Lord mesne and Tenant, and the tenant infeoffe a strāger to hold of the mesne; this is good, and the feoffee shall hold of the mesne by the same seruice that his feoffor held, and the feoffor cannot reserue new seruices, for to them the mesne is a stranger. But if the feoffement were to hold of the Lord para∣mont, that were void. So if the feoffment were to hold of any other stranger.

Statutes.

18 E. 1. Quia emptores terrarum. In all feoffements to one and his heires, the feof∣fee shall hold his land of the chief Lord of the fees by the same seruices that the feof∣for held before. If the feofment be made of parcell he shall hold of the chief Lord pro particula, according to the quantitie of the land, & the feoffor set free for the part.

A mesne, that is, he that holdeth ouer if it be by no greater seruices than the tenant holdeth of him, we cal it oueltie of seruices, whether they be the same as each of other by xx. s. or lesse as he by xx s. and the tenant of him by xxx. s. must acquite the tenant of all maner of seruices against the lords pa∣ramout.

But Donees in franke-marriage can∣not

hold but by fealty. And therefore a gift in franke-marriage, rendring a rent, the * 1.23 reseruation is void, for it is contrary to the nature of a franke-marriage, which is, to render nothing till the fourth degree bee past. Some thinke the reseruation good, and the franke-marriage therby destroyed. * 1.24 But all agree, that the franck-marriage and the reseruation cannot stand together. And that of the donor till the fourth degree be * 1.25 past. And therefore a gift in frank-marri∣age, the remainder in tail to a stranger, is a good frank-marriage, for the reuersion of the fee is in the donor, which maketh a tenure betweene them: otherwise it is, if the remainder were in fee. who must also * 1.26 acquit them of all manner of seruices. And therefore the Donees in frank-marri∣age * 1.27 may haue a Writ of Mesne.

Prerogatiue.

One that holdeth of the King, as of his * 1.28 person, which is a tenure in chiefe. But if a Prince of Wales, before Statute of Quia emptores terrarum, make a feoffement to hold of his person, and after is made King, this is no tenure in chiefe, for a tenure in chiefe is the higest & most honourable ser∣uice in law, because it is to the chiefe head of the body of the Realme, and therefore must be immediate vnto the King, & take his originall creation from the King him∣selfe, not from a subiect. So to hold of the

King, as of his honour of Gloucester is no tenure in chief; for it is not of the Kings person, alienating the Freehold without * 1.29 licence, forfeiteth the Land.

Statutes.

Mag Chart. cap. 31. By a common Es∣cheat. of a Baronie, &c. to the king, the Te∣nant shall not hold in chiefe.

1. E. 6. cap 4. No more when a Seignio∣rie commeth to the King by treason or dis∣solution.

1 E 3 cap. 12. The King from hence∣forth shall not hold as forfeit such lands if they be alienated, but shall haue a fine for them in the Chancerie.

Seruices proper to estates of in∣heritances, are homage and suite of Court. For Tenant for life shall not * 1.30 doe nor take homage, but onely te∣nant in fee simple or in taile, in his owne or anothers right. As the husband for lands that he so holdeth in the right of his Wife, if he haue an issue by her, shall doe homage in her life time; but not after her death, if he holds himselfe in as Tenant by curtesie. Neither can a man at this day make a man∣nor * 1.31 notwithstanding that he giue Land to many seuerally in taile, to hold of him by seruices & suite of Court, for he may make a tenure but not a Court, for a Court can∣not

bee but by continuance time out of mind.

Homage is an oth of fidelitie, acknow∣ledging * 1.32 himselfe to bee the Lords man: wherein the tenant must bee vngirt, vnco∣uered, kneele vpon both knees, and hold both his hāds together between the lords hands sitting before him. This is to bee * 1.33 done onely to the Lord himselfe. But the Lords Steward or Bailife may take fealtie * 1.34 for him, and but once during the Tenants * 1.35 life. So as hauing done it once, he neither shall doe it againe to the heire of the Lord, or grantee of the seruices, nor to the same Lord, if other lands doe afterwards discend to the Tenant that are holden by homage of him. And though it bee in the Kings case.

Prerogatiue.

The Kings Chamberlain shall take ho∣mage * 1.36 for him.

Statutes.

33. H. 8. cap. 22. A fee set downe for re∣spiting * 1.37 of homage in the Exchequer or other Courts.

When an inheritance descendeth to co∣parceners, the eldest onely shall doe ho∣mage,

Prerogatiue.

But if they hold of the King, all of them must doe it.

When one and his Ancestors, whose heire he is, haue held by homage of a Lord and his Ancestors, whose heire the Lord is, time out of minde, and the Lord hath receiued homage, for the Alienee of Te∣nant * 1.38 by homage ancestrell, holdeth not by homage ancestrell, nor shall haue warrantie from the Lord, because the con∣tinuance of the tenancie in the Tenant is discontinued. No more shall the Tenant himselfe by homage ancestrel, if he alien in fee, and afterwards take it backe againe. And if the Lord by homage auncestrell * 1.39 grant his seignorie, the Tenant neede not atturne, vnlesse the grauntee will warrant the land to the Tenant and his heires, for otherwise his warranty were lost, because by atturnment the homage auncestrell is destroyed. that bindeth him to warrant * 1.40 and acquit the Tenant. And the tenant * 1.41 may haue a Writ of mesne. But if the Lord * 1.42 haue not receiued homage, he is not bound. Therefore such a one may compell the Lord to receiue his homage by a Writ de homagio capiendo. * 1.43

Suit of court is a seruice by comming to the Lords Court. For suit of Court * 1.44 one shall bee distreyned and not amerced, which prooueth it to bee suit seruice. But

for a suit reall (which is to come to the Leet) he shall be amerced and not distrei∣ned: yet a tenure to come to a leet or hun∣dred, * 1.45 and to doe there some speciall seruice, as to be a Crier, &c. is a good seruice, but not sute seruice. And euerie sute seruice is * 1.46 intended to a Court Baron.

Land in the Lords hands (whereof seue∣rall men hold by suit of Court) is termed a Mannor: the land considered apart from the seruice, is termed demesnes.

Statutes.

Marl. ca 9. None shall be distreined to doe suite of Court vnlesse he bee specially bound to it by his Charter of feoffement; except such as they or their ancestors were woont to doe it, fortie yeares before the making of this Statute, whether they were infeoffed by deed or without.

The eldest Coparcener shall onely doe suite of Court, and the other parceners con∣tribute. And where there be many feoffees, the Lord shall haue but one suite, and the feoffees contribute.

The particular kinds of seruices (wher∣by lands of inheritance are distinguished) be Socage and Knights seruice: both draw vnto them certaine commodities to the Lord, partly in the tenants life, and partly after his death.

That in his life is a reasonable aide or portion towards the making of the Lords eldest Sonne a Knight; and

towards the marrying of his eldest daugh∣ter. It is called ayd pur faire fits Chiualier, * 1.47 and pur file marier. And if the Lord confirm to his tenant to hold by fealtie and certain rent, releasing all other seruices and de∣mands; yet hee shall haue reasonable aide, for it is incident to the seruices, and not re∣leased by those words.

Statutes.

Westm̄ 1. cap. 31. Reasonable aide shall be twentie shillings for a whole Knights fee, and as much for xx. l. land in Socage: & so after the rate of more, more, and of lesse, lesse. The time of leuying it to make his sonne Knight, must be when he is fifteene yeares old; to marrie his daughter when she is seuen. If the father after the aid leui∣ed die before he marrie his daughter; the fathers Executors shall bee charged to the daughter of so much as the father receiued, or his heire, if his goods be not sufficient.

25. E. 3. cap. 11. Reasonable aid to make the kings eldest son a knight, or to mary his eldest daughter, shall be leuied of all Land holden of the King, without mean, accor∣ding to the rate in the former statute.

The other after his death are Ward∣ship, and reliefe.

Wardship is the custedie of the bodie & Land of the heire within age, which shall * 1.48 be till xiiij. of a woman.

Reliefe is a portion to be paide by the heire to the Lord.

Socage is a tenure to be don out of war: * 1.49 As if one hold by fealtie onely, or by fealty and certain rent, or by homage and fealty, or by homage, fealtie, and rent for all man∣ner of seruices, or by escuage certaine, that is to say, by paying a certain summe of mo∣nie, as halfe a Marke, &c. and no more or lesse (howsoeuer the Parliament assesse it) towards finding of a man for the war whē the King makes a voyage royall towards the Scots, &c. or by paying a certaine Rent for Castle-ward, &c.

Where the next of Kinne, to whom the inheritance cannot discend, As if land dis∣cended of the part of the father, then the mother, or next cosine of the mothers side: if of the part of the mother, then the father, or next friend of the fathers side shall haue the heires wardship till xiiij. to the Heires owne vse. And therefore must render an account to the heire at his full age, of the issues and profits of his lands, & of the va∣lue of his marriage, if he marrie him within fourteene yeares of age. And if he die be∣fore the heires age of fourteene, yet his ex∣ecutor shall not haue the Wardship; no more shall the husband after the death of his wife, Gardian in Socage. But if the wife be Gardian in Socage, and the husband (or they both by indenture) let the land; yet the wife after her husbands death may en∣ter: for in as much as she hath it onely in

the right, and to the vse and benefit of the Infant, the ordering and directing of this land shall not be taken from her by any act of her husband.

Statutes.

Marleb cap. 17. Gardian in Socage may not do wast, exile, nor distruction, nor giue nor sell the marriage but to the commodi∣tie of the heire.

Here for reliefe the Lord shall haue pre∣sently * 1.50 so much as one yeares rent amounts vnto. As if the tenant hold of the Lord by Fealtie, and x. s. rent payable at certaine termes of the yeare (as halfe yearly or quar∣terly) then the Tenant shall pay vnto the Lord x. s. for reliefe ouer and aboue the x. s. that he shall pay for the rent, and that by & by, without tarrying till the day of pay∣ment of his rent, & of what age soeuer that the heire be.

Prerogatiue.

Tenure by Socage in chiefe giueth the King primer seisin, or the value of that lād * 1.51 by a yere, if the heire be of the age of xiiij at his ancestors death: therfore there the heire shal be driuen to sue his liuerie, but not if he be vnder xiiij, at the death of his ancestor. And if being vnder xiiij he sue his liuerie, it shall be vna cum exhibibus; but not if hee sue it at xiiij. If one hold of the Kings per∣son to doe something concerning war, but

not to be performed by the person of a mā, as to giue him yearely a bow, sword, dag∣ger, &c. it is called pettie Sergeantie, and is but a tenure in Socage.

Knights Seruice is a seruice touching * 1.52 war to be don by the body of a man. As if one hold by Escuage vncertaine, that is to say, by being himself or some other for him with the King 40 dayes well and conveni∣ently arrayed for the warre (if he hold by a whole knights fee; or 20 dayes if hee hold by the moity of a knights fee, & so by pro∣portion) whensoeuer the King maketh a voyage royal into Scotland, &c. else to pay so much mony as shall be assessed by parli∣ament. * 1.53 Or if a man hold of any Lord to keepe his Castle in time of warre (which is called Castle-gard) or to blow a Horne in time of inuasion by enemies, which is cal∣led Cornage.

To all knights seruice homage is inci∣dent, * 1.54 but not vnto Socage. Here the Lord∣ship is the (a) 1.55 Lords (b) 1.56 to his own vse, Therfore his executors shal haue the ward during the heires nonage (c) 1.57 & that til xxj of an heire male. And therfore if the lord ma∣rie a male that is his ward, before 21. yet he shal be in ward for the land til that age.

Statutes.

Mag chart. ca. 3. The lord shal take Ho∣mage of the heire before he haue wardship.

Marl c. 6. If one infeoffe his heirs within age to cause the lord to lose his Wardship, & die, yet the lord shal haue the wardship.

So when a fraudulent feoffement is made by a Tenant, vpon condition to reuers, af∣ter certaine yeares, to him or his heires, if the feoffees pay not a certaine summe, to the value, or more than the value of the Land. In this case the Lord shall haue a Writ, de custodia reddenda; and if (being able to auerre this matter) hee recouer, yet the feoffees shall haue the Land againe, when the heires come to age. The Lord not being able to auerre this, shall render the feoffees their costs and damages.

32. H. 8. Cap. 1. Two Iointenants or more, and the heires of one holding of the King, and he that fee dieth, the King shall presently haue the wardship and marriage of the body of his heire, if hee be within age. Sauing to euery woman her dower of two parts of those lands, deuided from the third part, as aboue said, and not otherwise, and sauing to the King during the Wards minority, the reuersion of such Iointe∣nants, and Tenants in dower.

Magna Chart. Cap. 3. The heire be∣ing made Knight within age, yet the land shall remaine in the Lords custodie to the end of the tearme.

The wife shall be barted of her dower, both dower (a) 1.58 at the Common law, and dower (b) 1.59 ex assensu patris, or, (c) 1.60 ad ostium ecclesiae, so long as she deteineth the heire

from him. But in pleading she must shew * 1.61 the heires name, and whether it be male or female.

Wardship of the bodie giueth the Wards * 1.62 marriage to the Lord, as a thing of meere right, pertaining to him. And that whe∣ther he will be married by the Lord or not.

Statutes.

Merton. Cap. 7. The Lord marrying the heire within foureteene yeares of age, in such sort as he be disparaged, shall loose the custodie and whole commodity of the wardship, if the Wards friends complaine of it.

The heire full of age shall satisfie his lord for the value of his marriage, as much as any man would giue, before hee receiue his land.

Merton. Cap. 6. An heire, after foure∣teene yeares of age, marrying himselfe without the Lords licence (who tendreth to him a couenable marriage) the lord shall hold the land, after the heires full age of one and twentie years, so long till he may receiue the double value of the marriage.

Westm̄. 1. Cap. 22. The Lord may hold the land of heirs females, two yeares after their age of 14. within which two years, if he marry them not, they shall goe

quite, without giuing any thing for the Wardship or marriage. And if they wil not accept a couenable mariage tendred by the lord, he shall hold the land til xxj and ouer, till hee haue taken the value of the marri∣age.

4. & 5. Phil. & Mar. cap. 18. A woman aboue xij, & vnder xvj, agreeing to a person that contracteth matrimony with her con∣trarie to the form of the stat. (which see fo. 〈…〉〈…〉) the next of her kinne to whom the In∣heritance should come after her death, shal from the time of such assent, haue all the lands, &c. which he had at the time in pos∣session, reuersion, or remainder during her life.

If one hold sundrie Lands of diuers Lords, the wardship of bodie goeth to the Lord of that land which the Tenant held first. Who is called a Lord by prioritie, and * 1.63 the other by posteriority. And it is the feof∣ment of the land which maketh the priori∣tie: for the pleading is, That hee holdeth this land of him per antiquius feoffamentū, then he holdeth the other lād of the other. Therefore if the Tenant of Lands hol∣den by prioritie, maketh a feoffement in fee, and take an estate backe againe in fee, this land shall bee holden by posterioritie. But if the lord by prioritie grant his seigni∣orie in fee, yet the tenure shall bee of the grantee by prioritie. So though the gran∣tor

take an estate of the Seigniory backe againe in fee.

Prerogatiue.

The King shal haue the wardship of bo∣die, * 1.64 though the tenure of him be by poste∣rioritie. But his Grantee of the Seigniory shal not.

The eldest child (a) 1.65 whether son or daugh∣ter, being heire apparent to the father, shal not be in ward for his bodie during his fa∣thers life. But if one hauing a sonne, take * 1.66 a wife seised of Knights seruice, and hath another sonne by her, and after the wife di∣eth: this second sonne shall be in ward du∣ring his fathers life, vnlesse the husband be intituled to be tenant by curtesie.

Prerogatiue.

Tenure by Knights seruice in chiefe, gi∣ueth to the King the wardship of all other * 1.67 lands also. And further, (a) 1.68 primer seisin, or the value of them all by (b) 1.69 halfe a yere (if the heire were in ward) by a whole yeare (if he were not) (c) 1.70 which primer seisine must be paid, and reliefe also.

Reliefe for land holden by Knights ser∣uice, amounteth to an C. s̄ for a whole Knights fee, to a C. marks for a Baronie;

and to an C. pounds for an Earledome.

Mag. Chart. cap. 12. calleth this old Re∣liefe, & according to the old custome of the fees, which proueth that statute to be but an affirmance of the Common Law.

If the heire be within age at the Te∣nants * 1.71 death, no reliefe shall be paid to the lords that are to haue the Wardship. And if one hold of seuerall common persons by Knights seruice, the Lords by posterioritie shall haue no reliefe, because they are to haue the Wardship of the Land holden of them, though the Lord by prioritie onely * 1.72 haue the wardship of the bodie. But if in that case there bee any Land holden by Knights-seruice in chiefe, the heire at his full age shal pay reliefe to the other lords. For there the King hath the Wardship of all his lands.

Prerogatiue.

Grand Sergeantie, that is to say, Te∣nure * 1.73 of the Kings person, for euerie grand Serieantie is a tenure in chief, being of none but of the King, to doe vnto him a more speciall seruice whatsoeuer by the person of a man, as to beare his banner or Lance, * 1.74 to lead his horse, to carrie the sword before him at his coronation, to be his sewer, but∣ler, or caruer, to be one of the chamberlains of the receits of the Exchequer, or to finde a man to war for him whersoeuer within the foure Seas, for if he can find none to do the seruice for him, he must doe it himselfe, is a * 1.75

special knights seruice in chiefe, where the * 1.76 king in stead of reliefe, shal haue the value of the Land by a yeare.

Notes

• * 1.1

  34. Ass pl. 15.
• (a) 1.2

  Abridgment of Assises
• (b) 1.3

  Park.
• * 1.4

  5. E. 3. 16.
• * 1.5

  Park. 19:
• (a) 1.6

  2. H. 4. 15.
• (b) 1.7

  20. E. 4. 3.
• (c) 1.8

  14. H. 8. 25.
• * 1.9

  9. H. 6. 9. 13. E. 4. 6.
• * 1.10

  11. H. 4 40.
• * 1.11

  3. Mar. Pl. 154.
• * 1.12

  9. H. 6. 9. 13. E. 4 6.
• * 1.13

  9. E. 4 2.
• * 1.14

  Li••••tlet. 29.
• * 1.15

  Lit. 23.
• * 1.16

  Lit. 19.
• * 1.17

  Park 12.
• * 1.18

  Littlet: 31.
• * 1.19

  7. E. 4. 10.
• * 1.20

  7. E. 2. ga•• 79. Lit. 32. for aquit.
• * 1.21

  Litt. 30.
• * 1.22

  Park. 134.
• * 1.23

  4 H. 6. 22.
• * 1.24

  Old tenures, Fol. 7.
• * 1.25

  17. E. ••.
• * 1.26

  Littlet. 4.
• * 1.27

  12. H. 4. ••.
• * 1.28

  30. H. 8. Dy. 44.
• * 1.29

  (a) 14. E. 3. Q▪ impedit. 54.
• * 1.30

  Let. 19.
• * 1.31

  23. H 8. Br. com∣prise 31.
• * 1.32

  Lit. 18.
• * 1.33

  Lit 9.
• * 1.34

  Lit ibid.
• * 1.35

  (a) Lit. 33. b. 24. H. 8. Br. Br. foaltie 8.
• * 1.36

  F. N. B. 256. ••.
• * 1.37

  14 H 3 Stat. Hib. so reciteth it.
• * 1.38

  Lit. 33.
• * 1.39

  18 H. 6. 2.
• * 1.40

  45 E 3. 23.
• * 1.41

  11 H 4. 52.
• * 1.42

  Lit. 33.
• * 1.43

  45 E. 3. 13.
• * 1.44

  Old tenures. F••l. vlt.
• * 1.45

  12. H. 7. 17:
• * 1.46

  ^d. 21. E. 4. 25▪
• * 1.47

  40. E. 3. 22.
• * 1.48

  Fitz. gard 67.
• * 1.49

  Lit. chap. of Socage.
• * 1.50

  Littlet. ibid.
• * 1.51

  33. H. 8. Br. Liue∣rie & onster lo¦maine 60. Stamf. prer. c. 35. H. 6. 52. F. N. B. 250.
• * 1.52

  Lit. chap. of knight-seruice.
• * 1.53

  F. N. B. 83. c.
• * 1.54

  7. E. 4. 28.
• (a) 1.55

  Littlet. 22.
• (b) 1.56

  Lit. 72.
• (c) 1.57

  Br. gard 111▪
• (a) 1.58

  2 H. 7. 6.
• (b) 1.59

  4 H. 3. dower. 174.
• (c) 1.60

  11 H. 3. dower 187.
• * 1.61

  2 H. 7. 6.
• * 1.62

  2 H. 7. 9.
• * 1.63

  F. N. B. 142.
• * 1.64

  12. E. 3. prer. 23.
• (a) 1.65

  33. H. 6 55.
• * 1.66

  F. N B. 143. l.
• * 1.67

  Stamf prer. 1. The stat. of prer▪ c. 1. 16. in this poynt but a declaration of the Common Law.
• (a) 1.68

  33. H 8. Br. li∣uery ouster lemaine 66.
• (b) 1.69

  Stam prer. 14.
• (c) 1.70

  Br. Relief. 12.
• * 1.71

  Old Nat. Bren per Br. releif. 13.
• * 1.72

  24 E. 3. 24.
• * 1.73

  ••. 33. H 8. Dy. 44.
• * 1.74

  Lit. 34.
• * 1.75

  b. 11. H. 4. 72. Lit 36.
• * 1.76

  (d) Lit. 35. 11. H. 4. 72.