Purchas his pilgrimes. part 3 In fiue bookes. The first, contayning the voyages and peregrinations made by ancient kings, patriarkes, apostles, philosophers, and others, to and thorow the remoter parts of the knowne world: enquiries also of languages and religions, especially of the moderne diuersified professions of Christianitie. The second, a description of all the circum-nauigations of the globe. The third, nauigations and voyages of English-men, alongst the coasts of Africa ... The fourth, English voyages beyond the East Indies, to the ilands of Iapan, China, Cauchinchina, the Philippinæ with others ... The fifth, nauigations, voyages, traffiques, discoueries, of the English nation in the easterne parts of the world ... The first part.

[ 50]

CHAP. XVII. The fourth Voyage of IAMES HALL to Groeneland, wherein he was set forth by English Aduenturers, Anno 1612. and slaine by a Greenelander. Written by WILLIAM BAFFIN.

WEdnesday, the eight of Iuly, 1612. in the morning▪ I perceiued the Sunne and the Moone, both very faire aboue the horizon, as I had done diuers times before. [ 60] At which time I purposed to finde out the longitude of that place, by the Moones comming to the Meridian. Most part of this day I spent about finding of the Me∣ridian line; which I did vpon an Iland neere the Sea, hanging at the extreames of my Meridian line two threeds with Plummets at them, instead of an index and sights.

Thursday, the ninth day very early in the morning I went on shoare the Iland, being a faire

morning, and obserued till the Moone came iust vpon the Meridian. At which very instant, I obserued the Sunnes height, and found it 8. degrees, 53. minutes, North: in the eleuation of the Pole 65. degrees 20. minutes. By the which, working by the doctrine of sphericall trian∣gles, hauing the three sides giuen, to wit, the complement of the Poles eleuation; the comple∣ment of the Almecanter: and the complement of the Sunnes declination, to finde out the quan∣titie of the angle at the Pole: I say, by this working, I found it to be foure of the clocke, 17. mi∣nutes, and 24. seconds. Which when I had done, I found by mine Ephemerides, that the Moone came to the Meridian at London that morning at foure of the clocke, 25. minutes, 34. seconds: which 17. minutes, 24. seconds, substracted from 25.34. leaueth 8.10. of time, for the difference of longitude betwixt the Meridian of London (for which the Ephemerides was made) and the Meridian passing by this place in Groenland. Now the Moones motion that day, was 12. degrees [ 10] 7. minutes:* 1.1 which conuerted into minutes of time, were 48. minutes, 29. seconds: which work∣ing by the rule of proportion, the worke is thus: if 48. minutes, 29. seconds; the time that the Moone commeth to the Meridian sooner that day, then she did the day before, giue 360. the whole circumference of the earth, what shall 8. minutes 10. seconds giue, to wit, 60. degrees, 30. minutes, or neere there abuut: which is the difference of longitude betweene, the Meridian of London, and this place in Groenland, called Cockins Sound, lying to the Westward of London.

This finding of the longitude, I confesse is somewhat difficult and troublesome, and there may be some small errour. But if it be carefully looked vnto, and exactly wrought, there will be no great errour, if your Ephemerides be true. But some will say, that this kinde of working is not [ 20] for Marriners;* 1.2 because they are not acquainted to worke propositions by the table of signes, and an instrument is not precise enough to finde out the houre, minute, and second. For the losse of one minute of time, is the losse of 7. degrees of longitude. I answere, that although the most part are not vsed to this worke,* 1.3 yet I know some of the better sort, which are able to worke this and the like propositions exactly. And those which ye•• cannot, and are desirous to learne, may in short space attaine to such knowledge as shall be sufficient for such things. And how ne∣cessary it is, that the longitude of places should be knowne, I leaue to the iudgement of all skilfull Marriners, and others that are learned in the Mathematicks.

This afternoone it was agreed by the chiefe of our Company, that our Master, Iames Hall, [ 30] should goe in the smaller Ship, farther to the Northward.

The foresaid Thursday in the euening, he departed out of the Patience into the Harts-ease, to get forth of the Harbor, which our Master called Cockins-ford, in remembrance of Alderman Cockin one of the Aduenturers:* 1.4 which place, is in the latitude of 65. degrees, 20 minutes. And the va∣riation of the compasse is 23. degrees, 58. minutes, to the Westward. That euening was very calme,* 1.5 and we towed our Shippe forth with the Shallops and Ships Boat. But within an houre or two after we were got into the Offin; the winde being at North, it blew a great storme, which continued all that night.

The foureteenth, our Master turned the Ship vp to the Riuer againe, toward the Riuer where the supposed mine should be. But the tyde was so farre spent, that we could not get to Sea, but [ 40] were constrained to Anker in a roade at the South side of the Riuer,* 1.6 some three leagues from the Patience, in which place are many good Rode-steeds to be found.

Thursday, the sixteenth day, the winde was at North-west, and blew so stiffe a ••ale▪ that we could not get to Sea that day. That night, eighteene of vs went into the Ilands to looke for some Deere,* 1.7 but found none. But we perceiued the foote-steps of some great Beast, which wee supposed to be of some great Elke: the foote was as bigge as any Oxe foote.

Tuesday, the twentie one, the weather still continued in such sort, that wee could not by any meanes get to the Riuer, where the supposed Myne should bee. Wherefore our Master bare roome for Ramelsford, being a Riuer Southward of another, called Cunninghams ford, some twelue leagues.* 1.8 And we came to an Anchor at the entrance on the Southside of the Ford, about seuen of the clocke. [ 50]

Wednesday, the two and twentieth day, about nine or ten of the clocke, the Sauages came to barter with vs, being about fortie of them, and continued about an houre and an halfe: At which time our Master Iames Hall, being in the Boate, a Sauage with his Dart strooke him a dead∣ly wound vpon the right side, which our Surgean did thinke did pierce his liuer. We all mused that he should strike him,* 1.9 and offer no harme to any of the rest: vnlesse it were, that they knew him since he was there with the Danes; for out of that Riuer they carried away fiue of the peo∣ple, whereof neuer any returned againe: and in the next Riuer, they killed a great numb••r▪ And it should seeme that he which killed him, was either brother, or some neere kinsman to some of them that were carried away: for he did it very resolutely, and came within foure yards of him. And, for ought we could see, the people are very kinde one to another, and ready to reuenge any [ 60] wrong offred to them. All that day he lay very sore pained, looking for death euery houre, and resigned all his charge to Master Andrew Barker, Master of the Harts-ease, willing him to place another in his roome Master of the small Ship.

Thursday, the three and twentieth, about eight of the clocke in the morning he dyed, being very penitent for all his former offences. And after we had shrowded him,* 1.10 wee carried him in the Shallop, to burie him in some out Iland, according to his owne request while he was liuing. After we had buried him, we went in the Shallop to seeke for the mine, which we had expected so long. All that day we rowed along toward the North, passing by a Cape called,* 1.11 Queene Sophias Cape. That night we staied at an Iland, some three leagues short of the Riuer.

Friday, the foure and twentieth, in the morning, wee rowed along, and came to the place, which is on the South-side of the entrance of Cunninghams Riuer: And we found diuers places,* 1.12 where the Danes had digged; it was a kinde of shining stone, which when our Goldsmith, Iames Carlile, had tried, it was found of no value, and had no mettall at all in it:* 1.13 but was like [ 10] vnto Moscouia sl••dd••, and of a glittering colour. That day after we had dyned, wee rowed vp that Riuer some foure leagues, where diuers of our company went vp into the Mountaines, and found a Valley more pleasant, then they had seene in the Countrey. That euening we returned, and came to the place where the Danes had digged their supposed Mine, and tooke some of it in our Boate to carry with vs, and returned toward our Ship. That night we rowed and sailed, and the next morning about nine of the clocke, we came to our Ship.

Saturday, the fiue and twentieth, being Saint Iames his day, in the forenoone, we came to our Shippe, lying on the South side of the Riuer, called Ramels Riuer. And as soone as our Master found, that the people came no more to trade with vs, he determined to depart with the Shippe into the Kings Ford to the Patience: and rowing about the harbour,* 1.14 where we lay to finde some [ 20] neerer way out to the Sea, we found among the Ilands, where many of their winter houses had bin, and some of their Tents were but lately carried away. In which place wee also found one of their long Boates, made of wood, and bound together for the most part, with shiuers of Whales fins, and couered with Seales skinnes, being some two and thirtie foote in length, and some fiue foote broad, hauing tenne thoughts or seates in it.* 1.15 That day about twelue of the clocke we weighed anchor, and departed out of Ramels Ford, which lieth in the latitude of 67. degrees, and the variation of the compasse is 24. degrees 16. minutes, being a very faire Riuer, and one of the most principall, which wee saw in that Countrey, stretching in East and East and by South. This night, about one of the clocke, we came to the Patience, lying in the Kings Ford.

[ 30] Sunday, the sixe and twentieth, Master Andrew Barker, and our Merchant, Master Wilkinson, with other of the Company, were in conference about returning home, because that since our Ma∣ster was slaine, none of the Sauages would trade with vs, as they were wont.

Wednesday, the nine and twentieth, we were likewise occupied about taking in of ballast; for our Shippe was very light: and that euening it was agreed, that Andrew Barker, Master of the Harts-ease, should goe Master of the Patience,* 1.16 which was sore against the minde of William Gour∣d••n: and William Huntrice was appointed Master of the Harts-ease, and Iohn Garte••••y, one of the quarter Masters of the Patience, was Masters mate of the Harts-ease.

Tuesday, the fourth of August, in the morning the winde being Northerly, a very small gale we got to Sea, where the winde came to the Southward, and we tacked sometime on the one boord,* 1.17 [ 40] and sometime on the other, making small way on our course.

Munday the tenth, was raine and foule weather, as it had continued euery day since wee came from harbour, sauing the seuenth day, which was somewhat faire:* 1.18 For commonly while the winde is South, it is very thick and foule weather. We tacked sometimes on one boord, and some∣times on the other, making a South by West way, at noone sixe leagues.

Wednesday, the twelfth, it waxed calme, we being somewhat Southward of a Cape, called Burnils Cape: and about three or foure of the clocke in the afternoone,* 1.19 the winde came to the North and by West, an easie gale, with faire weather.

The eighteenth, at noone we were in 58. deg. 50. min. The seuenteenth day,* 1.20 I tooke the varia∣tion of the compasse, finding it to be 13. degrees 22. minutes, contrary to the obseruations of o∣thers [ 50] in this place. And if any doe doubt of the truth thereof, they may with a little paines proue it. The eighteenth of August, the declination of the Sunne was 9. degrees 58. minutes, for the Meridian of London. But we being almost foure houres of time to the Westward thereof, there are three minutes to be abated from the rest: and so the declination was 9. degrees 55. minutes; and his height aboue the horizon was 24. degrees 40. minutes in the latitude of 59. degrees 0. min. and his distance from the South to the Westward, by the compasse, was 81. degrees. And for truth of the first obseruation, I tooke another shortly after, finding them not to differ aboue 4. minutes.

Wednesday the nineteenth, the winde still continued with thicke and hasie weather, we be∣ing at noone in the latitude of 58. degrees 30. minutes, or thereabout, making a South South-east [ 60] way, about ten leagues.

Thursday the twentieth, was faire weather, the winde at East North-east, wee steered away South-east and South-east and by East, making at noone a South-east and by South way, about thirtie leagues, being at noone in the latitude of 57. degrees 20. minutes.* 1.21 This day in the after∣noone, I tooke the variation of the compasse, and found it about 11. degrees 10. minutes.

Friday the one and twentieth, faire weather, with the winde at North and North by East, and we made an East South-east way, halfe Southerly twentie foure leagues, being at noone by obseruation, in the latitude of 56. degrees 50. minutes.

Saturday the two and twentieth, faire weather, the wind at North and Nrth by East, wee made an East way halfe Southerly, some twentie two leagues, being at noone in the latitude of 56. degrees 47. minutes.

Sunday the three and twentieth, faire weather, the wind at West North-west, we making an East and East by North way about twentie foure leagues. This day I tooke the variation of the Compasse,* 1.22 and found it to be 7. degrees 23. minutes, being at noone in the latitude of 57. de∣grees 26. minutes. [ 10]

Munday the foure and twentieth, being S. Bartholomewes day, faire weather with an North North-west, wee making an East North-east way, halfe Northerly about twentie seuen leagues, and were at noone by obseruation in the latitude of 58. degrees 4. minutes.* 1.23 This day I obserued and found the Compasse to be varied 7. degrees 20. minutes.

Tuesday the fiue and twentieth, faire weather and calme: the winde at North, wee made a North-east and by East way seuenteene leagues, being at noone in the latitude of 58. degrees 30. minutes.* 1.24 This day I found the common Compasse to be varied one point, and the true variation to bee 6. degrees 4. minutes.

Wednesday the sixe and twentieth faire weather also, with the wind North North-west, we made a North-east and by East way halfe about twentie two leagues, being in the height of 59. [ 20] degrees 10. minutes.

Thursday the seuen and twentieth indifferent faire weather, with a stiffe gale of wind at the North North-west, we making a North-east way about thirtie one leagues, being at noone in the latitude of 60. degrees 10. minutes.

Friday the eight and twentieth, the wind at South-east with a stiffe gale, wee made good a∣bout noone a North-east and by East way about twentie nine leagues. This day in the after∣noone it blew so great a storme, that wee were in great distresse, the winde at East South-east. But about eleuen of the clocke it came to the North-west, and North-west by North. And we ranne some twentie leagues.

Saturday the nine and twentieth, it blew so stiffe, that wee could beare none but our fore∣saile, [ 30] making an Eas•• and by South way halfe Southerly, about thirtie leagues.

Sunday the thirtieth, all the forenoone it blew a very stiffe gale, and about noone the winde came Southerly; and it blew a very great storme, which continued all that day and that night in such sort, that we could not saile at all, but all that night lay at hull.

Munday the one and thirtieth, in the morning about foure of the clocke, the winde came to the South-west a very stiffe gale. At which time we set our fore-saile. The wind continued all this day and night, we steered away East and by South, making at noone an East North-east way about thirtie foure leagues.

Tuesday the first of September, the wind still continued at South-west, blowing a very stiffe gale, we steered away East and by South, making an East way about fiftie leagues. This day at [ 40] noone we were in the latitude of 60. degrees 45. minutes.

Wednesday the second faire weather with the wind at South-west, wee made an East and by South way halfe a point Southerly about fortie two leagues, being at noone in the latitude of 60. degrees 10. minutes. This day I obserued, and found the Compasse to be varied three degrees to the Westward.

Thursday the third day faire weather, the wind at South-west: wee made an East by North way at noone about twentie leagues. This day in the after-noone, the winde being at North North-west, it blew a very stiffe gale for two Watches; and toward seuen or eight of the clocke the storme so increased, that our shippe was not able to beare any saile. And all that night wee lay at hull. [ 50]

Friday the fourth, the storme still continued, and we could beare no saile all that day till about foure of the clocke in the afternoone, at which time we set our fore course, and our maine course. The night before in the storme, we lost The Harts-ease. This day wee made some twelue leagues East and by North.* 1.25 And we fell to lee-ward lying at hull some fiue leagues South by West.

Saturday the fift calme weather, but very thicke and close all the forenoone: the wind con∣tinued still at North North-west, we making from the time wee set our courses the day before, about twentie leagues East halfe Southerly; beeing at noone in the latitude of 59. degrees 53. minutes.

Sunday the sixt, faire weather, the wind at North North-west, we steering away East North-east,* 1.26 and East and by North, made an East by North way, halfe Northerly some 29. leagues, [ 60] being at noone in 60. degrees 10. minutes. This day the Compasse was varied to the East sixe degrees. This afternoone it was almost calme: and wee sounded, and found ground at sixtie eight fathomes. This Euening about ten of the clocke the wind came to the South-east.

Munday the seuenth, very faire weather, the wind South-east and South-east by East, wee

tacked in the morning to the North-ward, and ranne East North-east and East by North vntill seuen or eight in the afternoone: at which time we tacked vp to the Southward,* 1.27 and went away South-west till toward twelue a clocke that night twenti•• leagues.

Tuesday the eight, in our morning Watch I found our selues to be in 59. degrees 20. minutes: And about fiue of the clocke I espied Land, which we supposed to bee the Iles of Orkney, as afterward we found them to be the same. And toward three of the clocke,* 1.28 we came to an An∣chor in a Channell running betweene the Ilands; where the people came to vs, and brought vs Hennes, Geese, and Sheepe, and sold them to vs for old clothes and shooes, desiring rather them then money. There are about eighteene of these Ilands, which are called by the name of the [ 10] Orkeneis.

Wednesday the ninth, it was thicke weather, and the winde so Easterly that wee could not weigh Anchor.

Thursday the tenth, faire weather, and the wind came to the North-west, and about noone we weighed Anchor; and toward fiue of the clocke we were cleere off the Iles. The Channell for the most part lyeth North-west and South-east. All that night we stood away South-east.* 1.29

Friday the eleuenth, faire weather, with the wind at North North-west. And about nine of the clocke in the morning, we steered away South South-east. At which time wee had sight of Buquham-nesse: And about two of the clocke we were thwart of it. The seuenteenth,* 1.30 we came to an Anchor in Hull Road, for which the Lord bee praysed.

[ 20] Here I thinke it not amisse briefly to relate the state and manners of the people of Groenland, forasmuch as I could learne: As also what likelihood there is of a passe into the Sea, which lyeth vpon Tartarie and China.

The North-west part of Gronland is an exceeding high Land to the Sea-ward, and almost no∣thing but Mountaynes; which are wonderfull high all within the Land,* 1.31 as farre as wee could perceiue: and they are all of stone, some of one colour, and some of another, and all gliste∣ring, as though they were of rich value; but indeed they are not worth any thing. For our Gold-smith Iames Carlile tryed very much of the Vre,* 1.32 and found it to bee nothing worth. If there bee any Mettall, it lyeth so low in the Mountaynes, that it cannot bee well come by. There are some Rocks in these Mountaynes, which are exceeding pure Stone, finer, and whiter then Alabaster. The sides of these Mountaynes continually are couered with Snow for [ 30] the most part, and especially the North sides, and the Noth sides of the Valleyes, hauing a kind of Mosse, and in some places Grasse with a little branch running all along the ground,* 1.33 bearing a little blacke Berrie, it runneth along the ground like Three-leafed Grasse heere in England. There are few or no Trees growing, as farre as wee could perceiue, but in one place some fortie miles within the Land, in a Riuer, which wee called Balls Riuer. There I saw on the South∣side of an high Mountayne, which we went vp, and found (as it were) a yong Groue of small Wood, some of it sixe or seuen foot high like a Coppice in England, that had beene some two or three yeeres cut. And this was the most Wood that wee saw growing in this Countrey; be∣ing some of it a kind of Willow, Iuniper, and such like.

[ 40] We found in many places much Angelica. We suppose the people eate the Roots thereof, for some causes. For we haue seene them haue many of them in their Boats.

There are great store of Foxes in the Ilands, and in the Mayne, of sundry colours:* 1.34 And there are a kind of Hares as white as Snow, with their furre or haire very long.

Also there be Deere, but they are most commonly vp within the Mayne very farre; because the people doe so much hunt them, that come neere the Sea. I saw at one time seuen of them together, which were all that wee did see in the Countrey: But our men haue bought diuers Coates of the people made of Deeres skinnes, and haue bought of their Hornes also. Besides, we haue diuers times seene the footsteps of some beast,* 1.35 whose foote was bigger then the foot of a great Oxe. Furthermore, the Inhabitants haue a kinde of Dogges, which they [ 50] keepe at their Houses, and Tents, which Dogges are almost like vnto Wolues, liuing by fish, as the Foxes doe. But one thing is very strange, as I thought: for the Pizzels of both Dogges and Foxes are bone.

The people all the Summer time vse nothing but fishing, drying their fish, and Seales flesh vpon the Rockes for their Winter Prouision. Euery one both man and woman haue each of them a Boate made with long small pieces of Firre-wood, couered with Seales skinnes very well drest, and sewed so well with sinewes or guts, that no water can pierce them through, beeing some of them aboue twentie foot long, and not past two foot, or two foot and an halfe broad, in forme of a Weauers shittle, and so light, that a man may carrie many of them at once for the weight. In these Boates they will row so swiftly, that it is almost incredible: for no ship in the World is able to keepe way with them, although shee haue neuer so good a gale of wind: and [ 60] yet they vse but one Oare, who sitting in the midle of their Boate, and holding their Oare in the middle, being broad at each end like our Oares, will at an instant goe backward and forward, as they please.

In these Boates they catch the most part of their food, being Seales and Salmons, Morses, and other kinds of fishes.* 1.36 Some they kill with their Darts, and other some with Angles, hauing a Line made of small shiuers of Whales Finnes, and an Hooke of some fishes bones: with which Line and Hookes, we also haue caught very much fish.

Also they haue another kinde of Boate, which is very long. For wee haue seene one of them thirtie two foot in length,* 1.37 open in the toppe like our Boates; hauing tenne seates in it. In which when they remooue their Dwellings, they carrie their Goods or House-hold-stuffe: for they remooue their Dwellings very often, as their fishing doth serue, liuing in the Summer time, in Tents made of Seales skinnes, and in Winter in Houses some-what in the ground. [ 10]

Wee could not particularly learne their Rites or Ceremonies: but generally they wor∣ship the Sunne,* 1.38 as chiefe Authour of their Felicitie. At their first approach vnto vs they vsed with their hands to point vp to the Sunne, and to strike their hands vpon their brests, crying Ilyont; as who would say, I meane no harme: which they will doe very often, and will not come neere you, vntill you doe the like; and then they will come with∣out any feare at all.

* 1.39They burie their dead in the Out-Ilands neere the Seaside. Their manner of Buriall is this. Vpon the tops of the Hils they gather a company of stones together, and make thereof an hollow Caue or Graue, of the length and breadth of the bodie, which they intend to burie, laying the stones somewhat close like a wall, that neyther Foxes, nor other such beasts [ 20] may deuoure the bodies, couering them with broad stones, shewing afarre off like a pile of stones. And neere vnto this Graue where the bodie lyeth, is another, wherein they burie his Bow and Arrowes,* 1.40 with his Darts and all his other Prouision, which hee vsed while hee was liuing. Hee is buried in all his Apparell: and the coldnesse of the Climate doth keepe the bodie from smelling and stinking, although it lye aboue the Ground.

They eate all their Food raw, and vse no fire to dresse their Victuals, as farre as wee could perceiue. Also wee haue seene them drinke the Salt-water at our shippes side: But whether it bee vsuall or no, I cannot tell. Although they dresse not their meate with fire, yet they vse fire for other things,* 1.41 as to warme them, &c.

Diuers of our men were of opinion, that they were Man-eaters, and would haue deuou∣red [ 30] vs, if they could haue caught vs. But I doe not thinke they would. For if they had bin so minded, they might at one time haue caught our Cooke, and two other with him, as they were filling of water at an Iland,* 1.42 a great way from our ship. These three I say were in the ships Boate without eyther Musket, or any other Weapon, when as a great company of the Sauages came rowing vnto them with their Darts, and other Furniture, which they neuer goe without,* 1.43 and stood looking into the Boate for Nayles, or any old Iron, which they so greatly desire, while our men were in such a feare, that they knew not what to doe. At length our Cooke remembred that hee had some old Iron in his pocket, and gaue each of them some, as farre as it would goe, with his Key of his Chest. And presently they all de∣parted without offering any harme at all. But this I speake not, that I would haue men to trust [ 40] them, or to goe among them vnprouided of Weapons.

Notes

• * 1.1

  60. degrees 30. minutes diffe∣rence of longi∣tude betweene the meridian of London and Cockins Sound in Groenland.
• * 1.2

  Obiection.
• * 1.3

  Answere.
• * 1.4

  Cockins Ford in 65. deg. 20. min
• * 1.5

  Variation 23. deg. 58. min.
• * 1.6

  Many good Rodes.
• * 1.7

  Great footing.
• * 1.8

  Ramels Riuer.
• * 1.9

  Iames Hall deadly woun∣ded by a Sa∣uage.
• * 1.10

  The death of Iames Hall.
• * 1.11

  Queene Sophi∣as Cape.
• * 1.12

  Cunninghams Riuer.
• * 1.13

  The supposed Mine found to be of no value. A pleasant Val∣ley.
• * 1.14

  Many of their winter houses in Ramels Riuer The fashion of their greater Boates.
• * 1.15

  Ramels Ford in the latitude of 67. degrees. The variation is 24. degrees 16. minutes.
• * 1.16

  William Huntrice Master of the H••••rts-••ase.
• * 1.17

  They come out of harbour.
• * 1.18

  Thick and fog∣gie weather, the winde be∣ing South.
• * 1.19

  Burnils Cape.
• * 1.20

  Variation 13. degr. 22. min.
• * 1.21

  Variation 11. degr. 10. min.
• * 1.22

  Variation 7. degrees 23. minutes.
• * 1.23

  Vari••tion 7. degrees 20. minutes.
• * 1.24

  The true vari∣ation 6. deg. 4. minutes.
• * 1.25

  They lose com∣pany of their consort, The Hartsease.
• * 1.26

  Variation 6. degrees to the East.

  Ground found.
• * 1.27

  Land descryed.
• * 1.28

  The Iles of Orkney.
• * 1.29

  The lying of the Channell in Orkney.
• * 1.30

  Buquham-ness. They arriue at Hull.
• * 1.31

  High Moun∣taynes of stone very pure.
• * 1.32

  No profitable Vre.
• * 1.33

  Continuall Snow. Grasse. No Trees. Balls Riuer. A Groue of small wood.
• * 1.34

  Foxes. White Hares. Deere.
• * 1.35

  These seeme to be Elkes, or Lo••shes. Dogges like Wolues.

  The pizzel•• of Dogges and Fox••s are bone: so also is the Morses pizzle. of which I haue by me one of stone.

  The great swiftnesse of their Boats. Their Oares broad at both ends.
• * 1.36

  Salmons and Morses, &c. Angles and Lines.
• * 1.37

  Their great Boats 32. foot long.
• * 1.38

  They worship the Sunne. Their salutati∣on.
• * 1.39

  Their burials.
• * 1.40

  They burne the weapons and all other Furniture of the dead.
• * 1.41

  They vse fire.
• * 1.42

  They are not Man-eaters.
• * 1.43

  Nailes & old Iron greatly desired of the Sauages.

  Men are not to goe among Sauages with∣out the••r wea∣pons.