The anatomy of melancholy vvhat it is. VVith all the kindes, causes, symptomes, prognostickes, and seuerall cures of it. In three maine partitions with their seuerall sections, members, and subsections. Philosophically, medicinally, historically, opened and cut vp. By Democritus Iunior. With a satyricall preface, conducing to the following discourse.

AVGVSTIN.

Quicquid feceris, quantumcun{que} peccaueris, adhuc in vitâ es: vnde te omninò, si sanare nollet, Deus auferret: qui enim clamando tibi persuasit, ne recederes, parcendo clamat, vt redeas.

Omnipotenti medico nullus languor insanabilis oc∣currit: tantum tu curari te sinas, manus eius ne re∣pellas: nouit quid agat: non tantum delecteris, cùm fouet, sedtoleres, cùm secat.

Vis à dubio liberari: Vis, quod incertum est, euadere: age paenitentiam, dum sanus es: si sic agis, dico tibi, quod securus es, quia paenitentiam egisti eo tempore, quo pecca∣re potuisti.

The Conclusion of the Author to the Reader.

THe last Section shall be mine, to cut the strings of De∣mocritus visor, to vnmaske and shew him as he is.

a 1.1—Amphora coepit Institui, currente rotâ cur vrceus exit?

Democritus began as a Prologue in this Trage-comedie, but why doth the Author end, and act the Epilogue in his owne name? I intended at first to haue concealed my selfe, but secundae cogitationes &c. for some reasons I haue altered mine intent, and am willing to subscribe.

Me me adsum qui feci, in me conuertite ocellos Lectores, meus hic labor est.—

If ought be otherwise then it should be, since I haue now put my selfe vpon the stage, I must vndergoe and abide the censure of it, iacta est alèa, and I may not escape it. It is most true, stylus virum arguit, our style bewrayes vs, b 1.2 and as hunters find their game by the trace, so is a man descried by his writings. I haue laid my selfe open (I know it) in this Treatise, and shall be censured I doubt not, yet this is some comfort, vt palata sic iudicia, out censures are as various as our palates: If I be taxed, exploded by some, I shall happi∣ly be as much approued and commended by others. It was Democritus fortune, Idem irrisioni & admirationi habitus, and 'tis the common doome of all writers: I seeke not to be commended; non sum adeo informis, I would not be vilified. I feare good mens censures, c 1.3 & linguas mancipiorum con∣temne, as the barking of a dogge, I securely contemne the malitious and scurrile obloquies, flouts, calumnies of those railers and detracters, I scorne the rest. Primus vest••um non sum nec imus. I am none of the best of you, I am none of the meanest; Howsoeuer, I am now come to retract some part of that which I haue writ

† 1.4 Cum relego, scripsisse pudet quia plurimae cerno, Me quo{que} qui scripsi Iudice digna lini:

When I peruse this tract which I haue writ, I am abash't, and much I hold vnfit.

I could wish it otherwise, expunged, and to this end I haue annexed this Apologetical Appendix, to craue pardō for that which is amisse. I doe suspect some precedent passages haue bin distastfull, as too Satyricall & bitter; some againe as too Comicall, homely, broad, or lightly spoken. For the first, I grant that of d 1.5 Tacitus to be true, Asperae facetiae vbi ni∣mis ex vero traxere, a••rem sui memoriam relinquunt, a bitter iest leaues a sting behind it; And as e 1.6 an honorable & worthy man obserues, They feare a Satyrists wit, he their memories. I might therefore suspect, but I hope I haue wronged no man. And though for this f 1.7 I haue Apologized already. † 1.8 Yet in Medeas wordes.

—Illud iam voce extremâ pet•• Ne si qua noster dubius effudit d••lor. Maneant in animo verba, sed melior tibi Memoria nostri subeat, haec irae data —Obliterentur.

And in my last words this I doe desire, That what in passion I haue said or ire; May be forgotten and a better mind, Be had of vs hereafter as you find.

To the other of lightnesse, I make answere, Omnia munda mundis, and as Augusta Liuia sometimes said, viros nudos castae foeminae nihil à statuis distare, A naked man to a modest woman, is no otherwise then a picture. Mala mens, malus a∣nimus, Hony Soit qui mal y' pense. If in thy censure it bee to light, I aduise thee, as Lipsius did his reader for some places of Plautus, Istos quasi Sirenum scopulos praeteruchare, if they like thee not, let them passe; or oppose that which is good to that which is bad, reiect not therefore all: but to inuert that verse of Martiall and apply it to my present vse, which g 1.9 Hierome Wolfius did to his Translation of Suidas;

Sunt mala, sunt quadam mediocria, sunt bona plura, leuicu∣la quaedam & ridicula adscribere non sun•• grauatus, quae pro suo candore quis{que} interpretetur; some is bad, some indifferent, some good; I haue inserted some things more homely or

light, which I would request euery man to interpret to the best, † and conclude in Scaligers words to Cardan, Sime cog∣nitum haberes, non solum donares nobis has facetias nostras, sed ••tiam indignum duceres tam humanum animum, lene ingenium vel minimā suspitionem deprecari oportere. But this likewise I haue formerly excused withall those harsh compositions, Tautologicall repetitions, perturbation of tences and num∣bers &c. I should indeed (had I wisely done) obserued that precept of the Poet. — h 1.10 Nonum{que} prematur in annum. And haue taken more care: or as Alexander, the Phy∣sitian would haue done by Lapis Lazuli 50. times wa∣shed before it bee vsed; I should haue perused, corrected and amended this Tract, but I had not that happy leasure, no amanuenses, assistants; and was enforced as a Beare doth her whelpes, to i 1.11 bring forth this confused lumpe, and had not space to licke it into forme, as she doth her young ones; but euen so to publish it, as it was written at first, once for all, in an extemporanean stile, quicquid in buccam venit, as I doe commonly all other exercises, stans pede in vno, as hee made verses, out of a confused company of notes; effudi quic∣quid dictanit Genius meus, and writ with as small deliberati∣on, as I doe ordinarily speake. So that as a riuer runs precipi∣tate & swift, & sometimes dull and slow; now direct, now per ambages about; now deepe then shallow; now muddy, then cleere; now broad, then narrow doth my style flowe, now more serious, then light, now more elaborate or re∣misse. Comicall, Satyricall, as the present subiect requi∣red, or as at that time I was affected. And if thou vouch∣safe to read this Treatise, it shall seeme no otherwise to thee, then the way to an ordinary traueller; sometimes faire, some∣times foule, here Champion, there inclosed; barren in one place, better soile in another; by woods, groues, hills, dales, plaines, &c. I shal lead thee per ardua montium & lubrica val lium & roscidae cespitum, & glebosae camporum, through vari∣ety of obiects, that which thou shalt like and dislike.

For the matter it selfe or method, if it be faulty, consider I pray you that of Columella, nihil perfectum aut à singulari

consummatum industriâ, no man can obserue all, much is de∣fectiue, and may be iustly taxed, altered in Galen Aristotle, and the very best. Boni venatoris, (k 1.12 one obserues) plures fer as capere non omnes, he is a good huntsman cā catch some, not all,l 1.13 I haue done mine indeuor. Besides, I dwel not in these humane studies, or Physicke, they are no part of my profes∣sion, non hic sulcos ducimus, non hoc puluere de sudamus, I am but a stranger, a smatterer in them, here and there I pull a flower. And I doe easily grant, if a rigid censurer should criticize on this which I haue writ, he should not find three faults as Scaliger in Terence, but 300. euen as many as hee hath done in Cardans subtilties, or Borocius on Sacro-Boscus. If ought be amisse, I require a friendly admonition, no bitter inuectiue, otherwise as in ordinary controuersies, funem con∣tentionis nectamus. sed cui bono? we may contend, and likely misuse one another, but to what purpose? we are both schollers, say,

—Arcades ambo, Et cantare pares & respondere parati.

If we doe wrangle, what shall we get by it? trouble and wronge our selues, make sport for others.

When all is done, it may be, that which thou so much re∣prehendest, and in thy iudgement dost so much condemne, is not faulty, not to be condemned: Quot homines tot sententiae, I like it, so doth he, thou dost not, is it therefore vnfit••, ab∣surd and ridiculous? Vnusquis{que} abundat sensu suo, m 1.14 and one man cannot expresse what euery man thinkes, or please all. It is the common humour, n 1.15 Si quid forsan omissum, quod is a∣nimo conceperit, si quae dictio &c. to discommend that which they dislike themselues, if ought be omitted, added, if he say not point blanke, as they would haue it, he is an idiot, an afse, nullus est. An easie matter it is to find fault, to censure, vilifie, detract from others, o 1.16 facilia putant omnes quae iam facta, nec de salebris cogitant vbi via strata, a thing of nothing when it is done, and who could not haue done as much?

As for the end and vse of this precedent Discourse, p 1.17 I re∣ferre you to that which hath beene formerly said. In the

meane time, if any man shall say, Medice cura teipsum, or as Wisdom. 17.8. it was obiected to those wisards, They that promised to driue away feare and trouble from the sicke person, were sicke for feare, and worthy to be laughed at. I replie with q 1.18 Sulpitius; Medici qui in alienis morbis profitentur se tenere medicinae scientiam ipsi se curare non possunt, they that cure o∣thers, cannot well prescribe Physicke to themselues.

It now remaines, that I make a thankefull remembrance of such friends, to whom I haue beene beholden for their ap∣probation, or troubled in perusing seuerall parts, or all of this Treatise. For I did impart it to some of our worthiest Physitians, whose approbations I had for matters of Phy∣sicke, and to some Diuines, and others of better note in our Vniuersity, as wel as to my more priuate Collegiate friends: whose censures when I had passed, and that with good en∣couragement to proceed, I was the bolder to hasten it. per∣missu superiorum, to the Presse. I will name no man, or pre∣fixe as the custome is any Encomiasticke verses, which I thanke my friends haue beene offered, least if either whole or part should be misliked, I should preiudice their iudgment, I ackowledge my selfe much beholding and bound to them: If ought be amisse, I take it wholy to my selfe, and say againe.

Me me adsum qui feci, in me conuertite linguas O Momi, meus hic error, nihil iste probauit, Nec voluit.—

But I am ouertroublesome, I will conclude, if first I may re∣quest a fauourable censure of such faults as are omitted in the Presse. The Copie (as I haue said) was once written and in hast, I could not alwaye be there my selfe; or had I beene still present, Non omnem molitor quae fluit vnda videt. The Miller sees not all the water goes by his Mill. Besides ma∣ny letters mistaken, misplaced, added, omitted as i for y, or a for e, or o, false points, &c. which are in some copies onely, not throughout: (To point at each particular of which were to picke out the seedes of a foule bushell of corne) some of the chiefest, as thou shalt find them corrected, I desire thee

to take notice of. My translations are sometimes ra∣ther Paraphrases, and that onely taken which was to my purpose; quotations are often inserted in the Text, which make the Style more ha••sh, or in the Margine as it hapned. Greeke Authors, Plato, Plutarch, Athenaeus, &c. I haue cited out of their interpretors, because the Originall was not so ready &c. I haue indeede mingled Sacra prophanis, but I hope not prophaned; and in repetition of Authors names, not according to Chronologie, rancked them per accidens; sometimes Neoterickes, before Ancients, as my memory suggested.

These are the things which I thought good to mention in this Epilogue, the consideration of which I leaue to thy fa∣vorable censure, and withall submissiunesse, as I ought, my selfe and these my labours to a friendly Reader.

Vale & Faue.

From my Studie in Christ-Church Oxon. Decemb 5. 1620.

ROBERT BVRTON.

Notes

• a 1.1

  Hor.
• b 1.2

  Vt venatores feram è vestigio impresso ex script••ūculâ vi∣rum Lipsius.
• c 1.3

  Iuuenal Sat. 9
• † 1.4

  Ouid de pont. Eleg. 1.6.
• d 1.5

  Annal. 15.
• e 1.6

  S^r Fr. Bacon in his Essayes, now L. high Chauncellor of England.
• f 1.7

  Prefat. De∣moc.
• † 1.8

  Seneca Med. Act. 3.
• g 1.9

  Praefat. Suid.
• h 1.10

  Hor.
• i 1.11

  Canis festi••ans caecos parit cae∣tulos.
• k 1.12

  Pet. Nannius notis in Hor.
• l 1.13

  Non hic colo∣nus domicilium habeo sed topia∣rij in morem hinc inde florem vellic••.
• m 1.14

  Fieri non po∣test vt quod quis{que} cogitat dicat vnus.
• n 1.15

  Muretus.
• o 1.16

  Lipsius.
• p 1.17

  Prefat. Democ.
• q 1.18

  Tullij epist. fam. lib. 3.