The surgions directorie, for young practitioners, in anatomie, wounds, and cures, &c. shewing, the excellencie of divers secrets belonging to that noble art and mysterie. Very usefull in these times upon any sodaine accidents. And may well serve, as a noble exercise for gentle-women, and others; who desire science in medicine and surgery, for a generall good. Divided into X. parts. (Whose contents follow in the next page.) / Written by T. Vicary, Esquire, chyrurgion to Hen 8. Edw. 6. Q. Mary. Q. Eliz.

A Definition of Wounds by their causes.

A Wound is a solution, seperation and recent breach of unity, of that that before was a continuity with out putrified matter, which cor∣ruption giveth the name of an Ulcer to the solution, and no more a Wound.

The causes of Wounds are duall, viz. First by the violence of bodies without life, as we simply call an Incised wound, as when it is caused by edged Instruments. Secondly, we call it a Stab or puncture, caused by theforce of Daggers and the like. Thirdly, we call those Contused wounds, caused by violent use of the object, being some weighty thing (cast as a Stone, or stroake with a Staffe, or their similies) against the subject receiving their forces, differing in their appellations by the diversity of their causes.

Or secondly, wounds are caused by living things, as a wound that is of Biting, scratching and the like, and for these causes they differ in their appellatious.

Also the differencie of Wounds, are taken eyther from their causes by which they are in∣flicted, or from their accidents, viz. the indi∣cation of the place wherein they are scituated. Also, the place maketh difference thus: eyther they happen in the similar parts, as the Flesh, Artery, Veyne, &c. or in the organicall or instrumentall parts, as some intire and whole bulke, truncke, or fully compleat member, or limbe, viz. The Head, Necke, Brest, Belly, &c. Wounds of the Head grow more parti∣cular, because that parts belonging thereto be of more note; as the Face, Nose, Lippes, Eyes, and Eares: wounds of the limbes, arc of the Shoulders, Armes, Thighes, and Legs. Of the similar parts also, some are San∣guine, as the flesh, whose wounds are eyther simple, deepe, hollow, plaine, or proud with flesh. The Spermaticke likewise, are eyther hard or soft; the soft parts, as the Veynes, Arteries, and Sinewes, being wounded, we call them wounds of the hurt part; the hard are the Bones, a breach of which, we call a wound in the Bone.

So Wounds derive their Nominations from the cause, place and simisitudes thereof.

What Wounds are.

WOunds are these, Which in Latine are called Vulnus, of the vulgar Vulner, and they are of two kinds, that is, Simple and Compound: the simple are those, that are onely in the Flesh: the compound are those, where are cut Sinewes, Veynes, Muscles, and Bones, and these are of divers and sundry kinds, and the difference that is among them, is by the variety of the place where they are wounded, and by the difference of the weapon wherewith they were hurt. For some goe right, some overthwart, that offend divers places of the body: The simple are of small importance, if they keepe them cleane and close shut Nature will heale, them, without any kind of medecine: but those where veynes are cut, had neede of some Art or Practise, with the which they must stop the blood, and in any wise not to suffer the wound to remaine open but to sow it up very close, so that the veyne may heale, and those where sinewes are hurt are of great importance, and would be healed with great speed, so the Sinewes

may joyne with more ••ase. But those where bones are hurt, are of great importance, for if the Bone be seperated from the other, of ne∣cessity it must be taken forth before the Wound be healed: So that by this meanes every one may know, what Wounds are and their kinds.

In the Curing of greene Wounds consists a five-fold scope or intention.

THe first, is to draw out that which is sent into the Body, whether by Bullet, Wood, Bone, or Stone; or Arrowes, Darts and such like.

The second, is a Conjunction and united of parts divided.

The third, is a retaining of those parts united in their proper▪seate.

The fourth, is a Conservation of the parts of the substance.

The fifth, is a Prohibition and mitigation of accidents.

For the first intention, it is performed eyther with fit and convenient Instruments, or with attractive Medicines, whereby things that are infixed are drawne out. Which Medicines are these.

Radix Aristolochiae,	Ammoniacum.
Arundis.	Saga Poenum.
Anagallis.	Dictamnum.
Thapsia.	Ranae combustae, Or

Emplastrum Avicennae, so much commen∣ded by Guyd••.

The second and third intention, is performed by binding and Ligature, if the Wound be simple and small, and in a place where it may fitly be performed, yea, although it be large, so it may be easily bound, as in the Muscles of the Arme, and such like; but if it happen that Ligatute will not serve, then must be added the helpe of the Needle, being very care∣full to handle the party gently, and to place it in his due seate.

The fourth intention, is performed and ac∣complished, by appointing of a fit and con∣venient Dyet, according to the strength of the Patient, and greatnesse of the affect and disposition of the whole body: for a thin Dyet and cold, doth very much availe in resisting of Symptoms, we also adde Blood∣letting and Purging of humors to avoide ac∣cidents, also the part is to be contained in his due place, and a Cataplasme framed with the whites of Egges, and other cooling things, are to be applyed, and sometimes to be fomented with astringed Wine.

The fifth intention, is the correcting of accidents, which is Flux of blood, Dolour, Tumor, Paralysis, Convulsion, Fever, Syn∣cope, Delerium, and Itching.

But this is to observed in the Fluxe of blood: whether it hath flowne sufficiently or no; if otherwise the Fluxe is to be suffered; for after a sufficient Fluxe, the wound doth re∣maine dry, and is so much the neerer cured and the lesse Symptomes follow, as Phlegmon and such like: and if the wound bleed not sufficient, we must open a veyne for revulsion▪ according to the greatnesse of the affect, and the nature of the wound: especially when through paine or other cause wee feare in∣flamation or a Feaver.

How a sicke man should Dyet himselfe being Wounded.

A Wounded man, or a man sore beaten be∣ing sicke, must be kept from Milke, But∣ter, Cheese, Hearbes, Fruites, Fish, (except fre••h-water Fish) Women, Garlicke, Onions, Leekes, Peason, &c. Also divers sorts of meats must he not eate, as fresh Beefe, water Fowles, Goose, or Duck, nor drinke too much strong Wine. But he may eate Porke, Mutton, Chic∣ken, Henne, or Capon.