SECT. 3.Of Confirming, Ratifying the Canons, Decrees, and Resolutions of Coun∣cells,
Synods, by Christian Princes, Peers, Parliaments, before they become valid
or obligatory: Of the Presence and Power of Christian Princes, Nobles, and
other Lay-men, in Councells. That many, or most Councells, Synods, in ancient
and latter times (especially in England) were in truth meere Parliaments;
wherein Christian Princes, Nobles, Senators, and Lay-men met and
voted, as well as Bishops, and other Ecclesiasticall persons. And
that no Canons, Lawes, Articles, concerning Gods Worship,
Religion, Church-Government, Ceremonies, were
ever lawfully prescribed, or imposed on any
Subjects of our Realme, but by
Parliament only.THirdly, As Bishops and Clergy-men have no power at all to summon Coun∣cells,
Synods, or Convocations, nor yet to treat, or conclude of any Ecclesi∣asticall
Canons, or Constitutions in them, &c. without the speciall licences
of Kings, under their Great Seals authorizing them; so I shall next manifest, that
when Councells, or Synods have, by vertue of their license, agreed on, and compo∣sed
any such Articles, Canons, Constitutions, Orders, Ceremonies, &c. they can∣not
print, publish, promulge, impose, execute, or put them in ure, nor are theySee Marli∣us Patavinus, Defensoris Pa∣cis, pars 2. cap. 21. 28.of
any binding force or authority, till they are approved, ratified, confirmed by Kings,
and Christian Princes Subscriptions, Imperiall Edicts, Patents, Acts of State
and Parliament; and that most ancient Councells, Synods, were but Parlia∣ments:
wherein Kings, Nobles, and Lay-men were present, as well as Clergy-men.
This I shall manifest by some Presidents, both abroad and at home, in all ages.To begin with Scripture Testimonies.Iosh. 24. 24, 25, 26, 27. When all the whole Congregation of
Israel, assembled by the summons of Joshua, had in their Convocation at Shechem
made a Covenant, Ordinance, and Statute, that they would serve the Lord, and
obey his voyce, Joshua being then their chiefe Governour, confirmed the same, by
writing it in the Book of the Law of God, and erecting a great stone in the place, for
a witnesse thereof. When the2 Chron. 30. 1. to 7. Princes, and all the Congregation in Jerusalem, as∣sembled
by King Hezechiah, had took counsell together, and concluded to keep the
Passeover in the second Moneth, because they could not doe it on the first, the King
established their Decree, by his Proclamation and Letters. When the Jewes, upon
Esther 3. 20. to 32.Mordecai his Letter to them, had in a publike Convocation ordained, and took
upon them and their seed, to keep the feast of Purim throughout every generation,
family, province, and city, in remembrance of their great deliverance from Ha∣mans
conspiracy against them, Queene Esther and Mordecai wrote with all autho∣rity,
and confirmed this Feast and Decree, by their Letters, & the Decree of Esther.
Yea, we read, that when theDan. 6. 5. to 11. Presidents, Governours, Princes, Counsellours, and
Captains of King Darius, to entrap Daniel, moved him to establish a royall Statute,
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